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Management Plan for Tuvalu

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Management Plan for Tuvalu Management Plan for Tuvalu 1 Purpose and approach ..................................................................................... 3 2 Scope and adaptive management ..................................................................... 3 2.1 Scope ..................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Progress recording and adaptive management ............................................. 5 3 Communication Plan ....................................................................................... 6 3.1 Stakeholders ........................................................................................... 6 3.1.1 Roles and responsibilities of parties ...................................................... 6 3.1.2 Key messages ................................................................................... 7 3.2 Community awareness .............................................................................. 8 3.2.1 Key messages ................................................................................... 8 3.3 Delimiting and baseline data gathering ........................................................ 8 3.4 Delimiting surveys .................................................................................... 9 3.5 Baseline data gathering ............................................................................ 9 3.6 Environmental impact measurement ........................................................... 9 4 Surveillance and containment plan .................................................................... 9 4.1 Surveillance ............................................................................................ 9 4.1.1 Passive surveillance of ants ................................................................. 9 4.1.2 Active surveillance of ants ................................................................. 10 4.2 Movement controls ................................................................................. 10 4.2.1 Reducing the risk of jump dispersal .................................................... 11 5 Treatment and monitoring ............................................................................. 11 5.1 Treatment Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ...................................... 12 5.1.1 Health and safety ............................................................................. 12 5.1.2 Mitigation of social and environmental risks ......................................... 13 5.1.3 Staffing requirements ....................................................................... 14 5.1.4 Ant treatment materials .................................................................... 15 Antoff® bait application ................................................................................. 16 5.2 Supplementary or alternative treatment options ......................................... 19 5.3 Monitoring plan ...................................................................................... 22 5.3.1 Social monitoring ............................................................................. 22 5.3.2 Environmental Monitoring protocols .................................................... 22 5.4 Evaluation ............................................................................................. 25 5.4.1 Evaluate effectiveness of treatment .................................................... 25 5.4.2 Evaluation of non-target effects of bait, particularly native wildlife .......... 25 5.4.3 Review management plan ................................................................. 25 6 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... 25 7 Appendices .................................................................................................. 27 7.1 Appendix 1. Warning poster for Antoff treatment ........................................ 27 7.2 Appendix 2. Tally sheet for visual monitoring ............................................. 28 7.3 Appendix 3. Awareness poster / movement control for yellow crazy ants ....... 29 Page | 1 7.4 Appendix 4. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for the pesticides mentioned in this management plan ..................................................................................... 31 7.5 Appendix 5. Additional monitoring protocols .............................................. 53 7.5.1 Pitfall Trap instructions ..................................................................... 53 7.5.2 Attractive vials (pottles) .................................................................... 54 7.5.3 Baited tiles ...................................................................................... 54 7.5.4 Recording baseline and post-treatment data ........................................ 56 7.6 Appendix 6. Health Survey ...................................................................... 57 7.7 Appendix 7. Record of outcomes of treatment and monitoring ...................... 62 7.7.1 April 2017 (Te Puka) ........................................................................ 62 7.7.2 July 2017 (Te Puka) ......................................................................... 65 7.8 Appendix 8. Monitoring results ................................................................. 66 7.8.1 Pre- and post-treatment monitoring April 2017 (Te Puka 9 observers) ..... 66 7.8.2 Health Survey results ....................................................................... 67 Document history: Author description date Allan Burne First draft v0 28 Sep 2016 Monica Gruber Second draft v1 11 Mar 2017 Monica Gruber Revision v2: incorporating training and treatment 25 Apr 2017 of Te Puka motu, Funafuti. Increased emphasis on minimising use of pesticide (single treatment only, larger buffer zone) Page | 2 1 Purpose and approach The purpose of this Management Plan for Tuvalu is to provide resources for all the activities required to manage multiple incursions of yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) in inhabited and conservation environments. The Management Plan is based on best practice, but has been tailored to reflect the resources available in Tuvalu. The goal of management is to reduce the abundance of the yellow crazy ant in Tuvalu with a single treatment of fipronil based bait on each islet, followed by two years of monitoring. The Management Plan also provides a way to record the results of management activities, and may be revised as needed based on progress (adaptive management). The plan incorporates the SPC General Emergency Response Plan for Invasive Ant Incursions 2008, and Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (for Kiribati and Tokelau, but equally applicable to Tuvalu). Documents referenced in the development of this plan can be found in the Acknowledgements. 2 Scope and adaptive management 2.1 Scope The spatial scope of management in Tuvalu includes yellow crazy ant infestations on Funafuti atoll (specifically Fongafale and Fualopa islets) and Nukulaelae atoll (specifically Fangaua, Motala and Tumiloto islets) and some parts of Niulakita Island. This scope is based on the survey of YCA on Tuvalu conducted by Vaqalo et al. (2014). The activity for which this management plan has been drafted will be confined to Fualopa (which will be treated as a training exercise for MNRL Agriculture Staff and SPC) and Motala (Figure 1.) which will subsequently be undertaken by MNRL Department of Agriculture staff independently. However, the protocols in the plan can be applied anywhere in Tuvalu. The first treatment in April 2017 will be undertaken in Fualopa. The temporal scope of management (timeline) is open and to be decided by MNRL Tuvalu, based on available resources and need. Further detail on the spatial and temporal boundaries of management can be found in Vaqalo et al. (2014). Pacific Biosecurity will provide full training for treatment and monitoring of yellow crazy ant, and assumes that Tuvalu MNRL will undertake further treatment on other motu according to the protocols and meeting all environmental and social impact mitigations. Tuvalu MNRL are free to change the scope of management as required. It is very strongly suggested that the Kaupule use the treatment methods outlined here only as necessary. Pacific Biosecurity strongly recommends that treatment is only undertaken on inhabited motu. Whether undertaken on inhabited or uninhabited motu, Page | 3 only one treatment should be applied within a ten year period. We recommend this restriction as the long term effects of pesticides and their fate in the environment is an on-going question that we do not have definitive understanding of. Pacific Biosecurity is not overseeing the entire management programme. As a result Pacific Biosecurity takes no responsibility for any environmental impact that arises as a result of the pesticides described in this plan being used without strict adherence to the advice given here, not in accordance with best-practice training or without regard to the ESIA. Figure 1: Map showing Funafuti and Nukulaelae atolls, Tuvalu. A survey conducted in October 2014 (Vaqalo et al.) recorded Yellow crazy ant on Fongafale (main inhabited islet) and Fualopa conservation islet on Funafuti atoll and Fangaua (main inhabited islet), Motala (conservation islet) and Tumiloto (a popular picnic site) islets. Yellow crazy ants were also found on some parts of Niulakita Island approx160km SSW of Nukulaelae (not shown). The current management plan focuses on delimiting
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