AMERICAN

, 41, 2002 . 22, . 1 Preparing for Austin

The 2002 Conference, to be held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel on Town Lake in Austin, Texas, is rapidly approaching. We received a high rate of submissions this year and the paper and symposium proposals were excellent. As a result, the program line-up holds a great deal of promise. This year we are returning to a one poster session/social hour format. The poster session will feature 122 posters and will be co-sponsored by the American Academy of Forensic Psychologists and the American Association of Correctional Psychology. In addition to an outstanding collection of paper sessions, symposia, and posters, the program will also feature a mini-conference on Capital Case Litigation. The Opening Session will begin at 12:00 p.m. on Thursday, March 7th and presentations will continue through noon on Sunday, March 10th. The schedule in this newsletter is the official schedule so please bring a copy with you to the conference. We do ask, however, that you check with our website - www.unl.edu/ap-ls/2002/ for potential changes to the schedule.

The following are some special sessions that may be of particular interest at this Biennial Conference: Current APLS Presi- dent Stephen D. Hart, has invited internationally known risk assessment scholar Thomas L. Litwack to deliver an address Saturday on “Some Questions for Our Field.” Professor Donald Bersoff will be receiving a life time contribution award and will give a talk on “School Children, Social Science, and the Supreme Court.” Professor Gail Goodman will be receiving an award for Distinguished Career Contribution to Forensic Psychology and will present on “Trauma, Law, and Memory.” Eric Silver will receive the Saleem Shah Award and will present on “Mental Disorder and Violence: A Focus on Contexts Large and Small.” Stephen D. Hart, Thomas L. Litwack, Marnie Rice, and John Monahan will present on cutting edge research and issues for risk assessment. Shari Diamond, Neil J. Vidmar, Mary R. Rose, & Leslie Ellis with Discussnts Paula Hannaford and Honorable Michael Brown will present on “The Impact of Juror Discussions During Trial: The Arizona Jury Project.” and Saul Kassin, Barry Scheck, William C. Thompson, Gary L. Wells, & Phoebe Ellsworth will present a symposium entitled “Actual Innocence: Antecedents and Consequences of Wrongful Convictions.” In addition to these highlights, the program includes an unprecedented number of interesting symposium, paper sessions, and posters covering a wide range of interesting and exciting topics. Review Process This year we were fortunate to be able to utilize APAs web submission and review process. We have received many positive comments about ...... the ease of submitting and reviewing proposals. We received a very high Austin, 2002 ...... 1 rate of proposals, resulting in requests for more program time than we had The 7 Wonders of Austin ...... 2 allotted to us. Submissions were independently evaluated by three expert Book Review: Rethinking Risk Assessment .... 4 Legal Update ...... 6 reviewers and rated for significance, methodology, style of presentation, Research Briefs ...... 8 appropriateness to Division 41, as well as overall quality. We accepted 2002 Biennial Program ...... 13 only the highest rated proposals. We were able to accommodate most Expert Opinion ...... 26 requests to present, however, a number of proposals were also rejected. Call for Papers/Submissions ...... 29 Our outright rejection rate was 13% and another 15% of those requesting Student Column ...... 30 a paper session as their first choice were accepted as posters because of Fellowships and Positions ...... 31 limitations in our allotted time for presentations. We are grateful to the Funding Opportunities ...... 32 reviewers for their patience in the process. We are also extremely thank- Nominations, Awards and Announcements ... 33 Conference/Workshop Planner ...... 34 Continued on p. 33 AP-LS News The Seven Wonders of Austin, Texas Editorial Staff Affectionately known as the “Live the Four Seasons Hotel, Driskell Ho- Music Capitol of the World” with over Editor-In-Chief tel, Stephen F. Austin Hotel, Eddie V’s, Barry Rosenfeld, Ph.D. 100 live bands playing on any given or Star Canyon; and if upscale and [email protected] night, you will most likely begin your music is your preference, its either the Austin experience upon arrival to Lucky Lounge, Sullivan’s, Malaga’s, Production/Advertising Editor Bergstrom International Airport by Michele Galietta, Ph.D. Speakeasy’s, Sardine Rouge, or the [email protected] hearing live music at the airport’s Caucus Club, to name a few nearby. Highland’s Lakes Bar. The music Another new establishment on Red River Associate Editor, Expert Opinion scene is the first wondrous sound and 8th Street is Oceans Eleven, a new Mary Connell, Ed.D. of Austin throughout various Austin attempt to bring back the days of “The [email protected] areas, including East Sixth Street, Rat Pack.” For coffee, wordily chat, and Associate Editor, Research Briefs West Sixth Street, Red River, Down- local music, its Ruta Maya. For danc- John Edens, Ph.D. town Congress area, South Congress, ing, check out Abratto’s, Miguel’s la [email protected] Fourth Street Warehouse District, Bodega, Oilcan Harry’s, Paradox, along Lamar Boulevard, along Barton Associate Editors, Legal Update Polly Ester’s, Speakeasy, and others. Maureen O’Connor, J.D., Ph.D. Springs Road, Northwest Austin, and Also several large music venues close [email protected] the Lake Austin, and Lake Travis hill to downtown include UT’s Frank Erwin Dan Krauss, J.D., Ph.D. country areas. Famous local artists Center, the Austin Music Hall, La Zona [email protected] include Willie Nelson, Lyle Lovett, Rosa, and Stubbs — check local papers Toni Price, Jimmie Vaughn, Joe Ely, for who’s playing or call UT’s ticket of- The American Psychology-Law So- Don Walster, Dale Watson, Monte fice or 360-SHOW for Austin Music Hall ciety News is a publication devoted Montgomery, Robert Earl Keene, or La Zona Rosa. And if you’re really to dissemination of information, Kelly Willis, Ian Moore, and hundreds lucky, you may score a seat at the fa- news, and commentary about psy- more! Some favorite downtown or mous nationally televised “Austin City chology, mental health, and the law. nearby clubs for jazz, blues, and/or The newsletter is published three Limits” showing (calling 512-471-4811) times per year; February 1, June 1, soul include Antone’s, B-Side, Cedar of top music talent. Just a short taxi ride and October 1. Original contribu- Street Courtyard, Elephant Room, about 10 miles north of downtown are a tions are welcome, and will be pub- Joe’s Generic Bar, 311 Club, Saxon number of clubs, and one noteworthy for lished subject to editorial approval Pub, and Ringside at Sullivans. calypso, reggae, and poprock around and space availability. A limited Downtown or nearby country or amount of space is also available firepits on the deck with a tropical flair is for advertising and unsolicited honkey tonk music can best be found Bahama Breeze, complete with good manuscripts. playing at Broken Spoke, Artz Rib tropical food and gift shop; also check House, Donn’s Depot, Threadgills, out the new Tommy Bahamas, in the For information regarding editorial Hills Cafe, Hole in the Wall, Little Arboretum area, or Calabash east of policies contact the Editor, Barry Longhorn, and Stubbs. For rock, and Rosenfeld, Ph.D., Dept. of Psychol- downtown for tropical, along with a va- ogy, Fordham Univ., Dealy Hall, sometimes country or eclectic music, riety of local clubs along Quadalupe near Bronx, NY 10458 or rosenfeld@ check out Continental Club, Speak- the University of Texas, or along North fordham. edu. Submissions and ad- easy, Momo’s, Iron Cactus, Pete’s Lamar Boulevard or North Brunet, or on vertising inquiries should be di- Dueling Piano Bar, Liberty Lunch, Hwy 183. West of Austin on FM 2224 rected to Michele Galietta, Produc- Waterloo Ice House, The Mercury, tion Editor, via e-mail: galietta13@ (Bee Caves Road) is the beautiful One aol.com . Crocodile Rocks, Bob Popular, World Theater building, which is host to Electric Lounge, Emo’s, Lucy’s Re- many fine music and performing artists. Address changes for APA members tired Surfer’s Bar, Babes, Maggie should be directed to APA Member- Mae’s, The Side Street Bar, Z-Tejas, Finally, well worth the drive either north- ship Dept., 750 First St. NE, Wash- and Purgatory, to name quite a few. west of downtown or west into the hill ington, DC 20002-4242; for non- If reggae or Caribbean beat is your APA members, student members, or country are several great and popular members-at-large to Cathleen thing, Flamingo Cantina; for Irish music venues. Continuing with the sec- Oslzly, Dept. of Psychology, 209 music, B.D. Riley’s or Mother ond wondrous sounds and sights of Burnett Hall, Univ. of Nebraska-Lin- Eagen’s; and for that Latin beat to music, the water, and the hill coun- coln, Lincoln NE 68588-0308 or dance to, check out Miguel’s la [email protected]. try view of Austin are those places on Bodega downtown. For a bit of the Lake Austin include Dam View in the upscale atmosphere, tip a highball at Oyster Landing area, The Pier, and the Page 2 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 well hidden Ski Shores. If your search Burnett, Marble Falls (along with Blue cently released the book “Splash is for live music, a lake view, and great Bonnet Cafe for home cooking), Across Texas: The Definitive Guide coffee, then also in Oyster Landing on Spicewood Springs, Kerrville, and to Swimming in Central Texas.” Lake Austin is Mozart’s. High above Johnson City, most build along rivers Also check with the Austin local di- Lake Travis with a spectacular view is and lakes, and many with Texas win- rectory, your hotel, the Austin Conven- the famous Oasis, along with Lakeway eries, which summarizes the third tion and Visitors Bureau, 201 E. Sec- Inn, Carlos and Charles, Volente wonder of Austin, the beauty of the ond, (512) 474-5171, or (800) 926-2282. Beach Bar, and the delicious restau- hill country, with its area lakes and Nearby parks for hiking and biking and rant Cafe Blue; and on the water level rivers, wineries, hills, and quaint canoeing, swimming, rowing and boat of Lake Travis is Sam Hill’s. All these small Texas towns, (many of German cruises include downtown Zilker music venues also have good food, origin), and supporting many local Park, the Wild Basin Preserve for hik- most have dancing, and Carlos and artists and musicians and festivals. ing and exploring, for swimming and Charles, The Pier, Lakeway Inn, Austin itself also supports many local snorkeling, and Barton Springs, Volente Beach, Cafe Blue, and Sam artists and hosts many outdoor festi- Hamilton Pool, and Krause Springs, Hill’s all also have marina’s or boat vals and artist events, although Austin or Comal River in San Marcos are real access. Unfortunately, the outdoor is “festival free” between January and gems, Deep Eddys Pool for swim- concert season won’t kick in until early mid March. However, in mid March ming, along with Volente Beach on April at the famous Backyard in the around St. Patrick’s Day, besides the Lake Travis. Other parks not too far hill country, as well as several large St. Patrick’s Day festivities celebrated from Austin which may also include music venues south of Austin, although at many establishments, such as the boating and water activities, caving, air the Backyard still features small acts Dog and Duck Pub, Fado’s, B. D. activities, camping, horseback riding, on the weekends and periodically dur- Riley’s, The Draught Horse, and rock climbing, and exploring, etc., in- ing the week, along with a fireplace and Mother Eagan’s, to name a few, fol- clude McKinney Falls State Park, local food from the Austin Java Com- lowing the popular “South by South- Perdernales Falls (including the pany. And a little further west is the west Film Festival”, the famous Westcave Preserve), Pack Bend famous Poodie’s Hilltop Bar and “South by Southwest Music Festi- Park, Inks Lake State Park, Emma Grill, owned and run by Willie Nelson’s val” featuring 500 live bands in one Long Metropolitan Park, Walter E. road manager, yep Poodie. Willie week hit Austin with a whirlwind the Long and Metropolitan Park. For Nelson is known to make surprise jam second week in March— a worthwhile golf, some of our more beautiful session visits here at Poodie’s Hilltop— reason to extend your conference stay! courses in Austin include Barton you never know! Creek Resort, Circle C Golf Club, A fourth wonder of Austin is its out- Lakeway, and Lago Vista Golf Club, Finally, for those with a vehicle and an door opportunities and activities, and in beautiful Bastrop, Colo Vista and afternoon or evening to enjoy, besides including numerous hike and bike trails, two other courses. The Guadalupe the above, great music can be found in canoeing, tubing, rafting, rowing, River (put in at Gruene and New the nearby smaller towns, such as San kayaking, jet skiing, water-skiing, yacht- Braunfels, TX), and the Comal River Marcos (i.e., Triple Crown); Gruene ing, swimming, nude swimming/bath- (put in at San Marcos, TX). In San (i.e., historic dance hall Gruene Hall ing, snorkeling, scuba diving, wind surf- Marcos, TX there is also the best snor- ), and in other neat towns within 30 to ing, cave exploration, fossil hunting, keling and underwater viewing perhaps 100 minutes from Austin, including rock climbing, horseback riding, motor in Texas, at the Aquarena Center. Georgetown (including the Walberg cycling, parasailing, hand gliding, hot air While in San Marcos, check out South- Restaurant, and historic town square ballooning, sky diving, camping and west Texas State University, and and many shops and restaurants), backpacking, bird watching, star gaz- nearby pubs and restaurants, such as Salado (including the Salado Mansion ing, nature photography, tennis, and The Pub, River Pub and Grill, Chatham along the river and historic town square, golf. All these activities can be sup- Street, or go caving at the Natural shops, and restaurants), New ported by various rental equipment and Bridge Caverns south of town, or Braunfels, Dripping Springs, Wimberly establishments in or near Austin, (all check out Wonder World, or (along with Cypress Creek Cafe along except for the nude bathing, which you Schlitterbaum (waterpark). To locate river for good eats), Bastrop (along can supply for yourself, although Aus- the hill country wineries, check with the with the GinUWine Cafe for gin, wine, tin provides the location on Lake Travis, Austin Convention and Visitors Bu- ha, and good burgers and appetizers), that of the famous “Hippie Hollow” reau, or log onto Auschron.Com and Fredericksburg (along with its beach). FYI, The Sierra Club puts out check out a special feature article. For microbrewery, and a whole host of good recent guides, such as “Outdoors Aus- boat rentals, some include Town Lake German and other restaurants), Llano, tin”, and Chandra Moira Beal has re- Rentals, Lake Travis Rentals, rentals AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 cont. on p. 12 Page 3 Book Review - Rethinking Risk Assessment: The MacArthur Study of Mental Disorder and Violence By John Monahan, Henry J. Steadman, Eric Silver, Paul S. Appelbaum, Pamela Clark Robbins, Loren H. Roth, Thomas Grisso and Steven Banks New York: Oxford University Press, 2001 (ISBN 0-19-513882-1)

Reviewed by Tom Litwack, Ph.D., J.D., John Jay College of Before addressing the primary results of the study, Criminal Justice, City University of New York some other results which this reviewer found to be particu- Rethinking Risk Assessment: The MacArthur Study of larly noteworthy may be worth mentioning: Over 50% of Mental Disorder and Violence is “must reading” for anyone the known violent incidents (post-hospitalization) were im- concerned with assessments of dangerousness. It presents mediately preceded by drinking, and at least 25% involved the methodology and results of the most comprehensive situations in which the patient was not taking a prescribed empirical study ever done regarding which risk factors - and medication; but less than 10% occurred when the patient combinations of risk factors - best predict future violence was displaying active psychotic symptoms, and the presence among civilly hospitalized, mentally disordered individuals, and of delusions as such, even delusions with “threat/control over- it provides the reader with a number of interesting and im- ride” [TCO] content (that is, delusions of being threatened portant findings, some of which should inform clinical risk or controlled by outside forces) - as opposed to general sus- assessments and interventions. However, the limitations of piciousness and associated anger - did not predict higher rates the study’s findings should also be kept in mind. of violence among the discharged patients in this study. The The text of Rethinking Risk Assessment concludes type of neighborhood the patients returned to appeared to be with these words: “A great deal of time and resources were an important, independent risk factor. And very different devoted to the collection of a comprehensive data set for risk assessments were obtained for certain patients from dif- use in the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study. This ferent assessment models of equal overall accuracy. book highlights findings from these data on the level and type Regarding what I would consider to be the primary of violence we observed, on the relationship between key results of this study (although the above noted findings, among risk factors and violence, and on how risk factors were com- many others, are also important), the authors found, first, bined to result in a new tool for violence risk assessment.” that a “clinically feasible” iterative classification tree [ICT], (p. 161) This is all accurate. relying only information readily obtainable by hospital per- As many readers of this review undoubtedly know sonnel, was able to classify all but 257 of 939 patients as (because aspects of the methodology and many of the re- “high risk” or “low risk” depending on whether patients within sults of the study have previously been reported in a variety their classification exhibited, respectively, more than twice of publications) the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment or less than half of the rate of post-hospital violence of the Study entailed evaluating approximately 1,000 mentally dis- subject population as a whole. (Based on a computer pro- ordered individuals while they were civilly hospitalized (at gram, and beginning with the statistically most powerful dis- one of three sites) regarding the degree to which they exhib- tinguishing variable, an ICT partitions cases into high or low ited a wide variety of presumed risk factors for violence, risk categories, based on available risk measurements, until and then following up these individuals in the community for no more such categorizations can be made.) Second - and up to a year after their departure from the hospital to deter- this is a finding published here for the first time - the authors mine the degree to which these risk factors, and combina- found that by using a series of 5 ICT’s, each beginning with tions of risk factors, actually did predict violence. A number a different risk factor, and determining how often a patient of the risk factors were evaluated via instruments especially fit into the high or low risk category throughout all those designed for this study. Violence in the community was de- ICT’s, patients could be placed into five risk “classes” rang- termined not simply from official records but, primarily, from ing from a very low risk class (343 cases) with 1% violent to interviews with the former patients and a “collateral” who a highest risk class with 63 patients, 76% of whom exhibited knew them best. Additionally, and very importantly, the re- post-hospitalization violence. (In clinical practice, the au- sults led to the development of a series of “decision trees,” thors point out, using multiple ICT’s would require computer and combinations thereof, which maximized the accuracy of assisted computation.) Third, the authors concluded that violence predictions. Altogether, this was truly an extraordi- among risk factors for violence that were amenable to treat- nary undertaking; and this book is a well written and (even ment (unlike unchangeable historical factors), “substance for this reader, who was familiar with the earlier reports) an abuse, anger, and violent fantasies stand out as candidates absorbing account of the results. for being targets of violence risk reduction efforts.” (p. 139). Page 4 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 All of these findings are potentially 22) And the degree of violence nec- deprived of their liberty, for civil com- valuable for clinical practice. essary to count as a violent act was mitment purposes, only if they present However, as suggested earlier, not necessarily great: it could include enough risk of enough harm sufficiently the limitations of the study must also hitting someone hard enough to cause soon in the future to justify a depriva- be borne in mind. To begin with, and a bruise or cut. (p. 20 and personal tion of liberty. A mere assessment of as the authors recognize, the findings communication from John Monahan, risk of any violence, without regard to of this study might well not apply (at October 30, 2000). In short, even potential seriousness or immediacy, least to the same degree) to different, amongst the highest risk class of pa- should never be enough; and mental potentially dangerous, populations (e.g., tients in this study, it is unclear whether health professionals should be on guard incarcerated offenders or insanity any patients committed sufficiently se- against allowing or enabling their risk acquittees). For example, certain child- rious violence sufficiently soon after assessments to mean more to legal hood variables that may be important their release from the hospital to have decisionmakers than is justified by the indicators of risk in other populations, justified further retention had their vio- data (whether clinical or actuarial). such as early and persistent fighting lence been foreseen; or, even more On the other hand, an impor- (Tremblay, 2001), adolescent psychop- importantly, what the primary risk fac- tant finding of this study not com- athy (Skilling, Quinsey, & Craig, 2001), tors - or optimal decision trees - would mented upon by the authors is that, and “elementary school maladjust- be for truly serious violence. (It should amongst hospitalized individuals, low ment” (Quinsey, Harris, Rice, & also be noted that, within the research risk patients, in terms of their danger- Cormier, 1999), were not assessed in sample, 42% of patients had a primary ousness to others, can be identified this study (nor, formally, was medica- diagnoses of depression, 22% had a very well: Of the 343 patients in the tion compliance or insight into one’s ill- primary diagnosis of substance abuse, lowest identified risk class (of a total ness). Moreover (and, again, as the and approximately 40% of the patients of 939), only 1% were violent, to oth- authors recognize), even regarding civil with a primary diagnosis of major men- ers, at follow up (perhaps patients, the findings of the study might tal disorder had a co-occurring diag- unsurprisingly given the incidence of not generalize to emergency admission nosis of substance abuse. Given the primarily depressed patients in this decisions. Indeed, it would be virtually fact, which can be seen from Figure sample); and the second lowest risk impossible to collect the data neces- 5.3 on p. 110, that having a major men- class, composed of 248 patients, also sary for use of the “clinically feasible” tal disorder played no role in placing exhibited much less post-hospital vio- decision tree under emergency room any patient in a high risk group via the lence than the sample as a whole. conditions; and the hierarchy of risk Clinically Feasible ICT, and given the Thus, it is to be hoped that the results factors for patients in acute distress role of substance abuse in post-hospi- of the MacArthur Study of Mental Dis- might be very different for those no tal violence, it can be hypothesized that order and Violence can and will be used longer in such a state. For example, many of the most violent patients were to avoid mistakenly characterizing men- acute hallucinations, (not studied here), antisocial substance abusers who may tally disordered individuals as danger- particularly if of TCO content, may have had a brief psychotic reaction to ous to others as well as to help iden- be more predictive of violence than their substance abuse, leading to their tify, and treat, those civilly hospitalized whether patients experienced halluci- hospitalization, but who would have to individuals who do pose an especially nations within the last two months be- be released from civil commitment, re- high risk of violence. fore admission (which was assessed here). gardless of their dangerousness, once References Even more important, how- they were no longer “mentally ill.”) Quinsey, V. L., Harris, G. T., Rice, ever, is the fact that the results of this The authors write that: “At M. E., & Cormier, C. A. (1999). Violent of- study may be more useful in guiding times, simply presenting and defend- fenders: Appraising and managing risk. risk management efforts than release ing an estimate of violence risk may Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. decisions. According to the authors, be all that is called for. For example, Skilling, T. A., Quinsey, V. L., & “[t]he mean number of days to a first at a hearing to determine whether an Craig, W. M. (2001). Evidence of a taxon violent act [after hospitalization] among individual passes the test of ‘danger- underlying serious antisocial behavior in subjects who engaged in violence dur- ousness to others’ for the purpose of boys. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28 ing the 1 year follow-up period was inpatient or outpatient civil commitment, (4), 450-470. 130; the median was 106.” (p. 31) In all a judge may be interested in is the Tremblay, R. E. (2001). The de- addition, even in the highest risk class likelihood that the individual with men- velopment of physical aggression during only 36.5 subjects had two or more vio- tal disorder will be violent.” (p. 135) childhood and the prediction of later dan- lent acts during the first 20 weeks af- Hopefully, this is rarely the case; and it gerousness. In G.F. Pinard & L. Pagani ter discharge. (p. 126) Only 15.7% of should never be the case. Rather, (eds.), Clinical Assessment of Dangerous- ness: Empirical Contributions (pp. 47-65). violent incidents led to an arrest. (p. mentally disordered people should be Cambridge University Press. AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 5 Legal Update: Involuntary Treatment to Restore Competency to Stand Trial1 Empirical reviews indicate that the majority of indi- an episode of aggressive acting out, he was subject to an viduals referred for evaluation of competency to stand trial administrative hearing conducted by staff at the state’s Spe- are found able to proceed (Roesch & Golding, 1980)2 . Those cial Offender Center, and treated involuntarily with antipsy- found not competent have traditionally been remanded to a chotic medication. He filed suit pursuant to 42 USC 1983, treatment facility until they are restored to competency or alleging that failure to provide him a judicial hearing prior to another disposition results, such as civil commitment. In Jack- involuntary treatment deprived him of due process rights. son v. Indiana (406 U.S. 715, 1972) the Supreme Court ad- The Supreme Court found that the regulation in question was dressed the minimal procedural protections to be afforded to reasonably related to a legitimate governmental interest in the incompetent defendant, including requiring that the dura- ensuring the safety of staff and inmates and that the admin- tion of any confinement must “bear some reasonable rela- istrative procedures followed by the Washington correctional tionship” to the objective of restoring competency (p.738), institution sufficiently comported with substantive due pro- and that if restoration should fail, that normal civil commit- cess requirements. The Washington procedures included: ment procedures be employed (i.e., a determination of 1) notice to the inmate of the time and place of the hearing, whether the individual represents a danger to himself, a dan- 2) attendance at the hearing, 3) the right to present evidence ger to others, or is gravely disabled.) and witnesses within certain limitations, 4) the opportunity to The specific treatment efforts undertaken to restore cross-examine witnesses, 5) the assistance of a non-attor- incompetent defendants to competence have been a con- ney advisor not involved in the case but familiar with the tinuing source of concern and debate. Given that most in- treatment issues involved, 6) the right to appeal an adverse competent defendants receive diagnoses of active psychotic decision to a higher administrative authority, 7) and the right or major affective disorders (e.g., See Steadman, 1979)3 , to seek judicial review of the agency’s compliance with the the use of psychotropic medications figures prominently in foregoing procedures. The involuntary treatment decision treatment. The use of such treatment, however, often raises was ultimately made by a three staff member panel, includ- the spectre of state authorities involuntarily drugging defen- ing a psychiatrist and psychologist not involved in the inmate’s dants who have already been deemed disabled. In cases case. Under this procedure, involuntary treatment required a where involuntary treatment is considered to restore a determination that the respondent 1) suffered from a mental defendant’s competency, the defendant’s interests in both disorder and 2) was either gravely disabled or presented a risk the fairness of the criminal process and a general right to of harm to self or others. Furthermore, any decision to continue bodily integrity must be balanced against the government’s involuntary treatment required periodic review by relevant interest in obtaining an adjudication, which is itself signifi- agency officials. Yet, Harper’s applicability to pretrial contexts cant (“Constitutional power to bring an accused to trial is has been questioned (e.g., See United State v. Brandon 158 fundamental to a scheme of ‘ordered liberty’ and prerequi- F.3d 957) discussed later in this column), but many jurisdic- site to social justice and peace.” Allen v. Illinois, 397 U.S. tions have modeled their involuntary treatment procedures 337, 247, (1970) Brennan, J. Concurring). The Supreme for both pre and post-conviction detainees on this precedent. Court has yet to consider in detail the specific procedures The Supreme Court later considered the involuntary required to override treatment refusal for the purpose of ren- treatment of pretrial defendants in Riggins v. Nevada, (112 dering a defendant competent to stand trial, and most re- S.Ct. 1810 (1992)). Although in this case, Nevada had not cently denied certiorari in case addressing this issue in De- employed many of the procedural protections suggested in cember of 2001 (See Weston v U.S. 2001 WL 1090817). Harper. David Riggins was charged with Murder and Rob- Many jurisdictions, however, have developed procedures for bery. Shortly after his arrest he complained of difficulty sleep- adjudicating the appropriateness of involuntary medication ing and auditory hallucinations, and he was referred to a con- treatment to restore competency to stand trial based on a sulting psychiatrist at the Clark County Jail. Riggins volun- number of related decisions. teered that he had been successfully treated in the past with In Washington v. Harper, 108 L.Ed. 2d 178 (1990) Mellaril (an antipsychotic medication), which he was subse- the Court considered state regulations regarding the involun- quently prescribed in combination with Dilantin (an anti-sei- tary treatment of convicted state prisoners. Alvin Harper, zure and mood stabilizing medication). Due to his continued serving a sentence for Robbery, was confined in various symptoms, the Mellaril prescription was steadily increased Washington state correctional facilities. He was diagnosed in dosage. Riggins’ counsel sought evaluation of his compe- as having “manic-depressive disorder,” and both during con- tency to stand trial, and two of three court-appointed psy- finement and a period of parole he had voluntarily taken an- chiatrists pronounced him fit to participate in the trial pro- tipsychotic medications, which he later refused. Following ceedings. The trial court then considered Riggins motion to Page 6 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 discontinue Mellaril in light of his in- decisions to restore a defendant’s com- though the court cited a progression of tention to pursue an insanity defense. petency. Because the trial court did cases indicating substantial deference Riggins argued that such treatment not make any finding as to the medical to professional or medical judgment in would deny him due process by alter- appropriateness of the treatment or its the context of involuntary commitment ing his demeanor at trial so as to ob- effects on the defendant, no balancing and treatment decisions, the court held scure his “true mental state.” At a of the defendant’s constitutional due that the administrative review relied on subsequent hearing, the court heard process rights and the state’s interests by the prison was inadequate, and did expert testimony reaching varied con- in bringing an accused to trial occurred. not adequately protect the defendant’s clusions as to the necessity of contin- Riggins’s conviction was overturned. interests. The court concluded that the ued treatment with Mellaril to maintain The Supreme Court explicitly did not defendant’s interests in avoiding forced the defendant’s competency to pro- rule on Riggins’ earlier claim that in- medication were several and substan- ceed. In a terse order the court de- voluntary medication treatment would tial, including First Amendment rights nied defense motions to discontinue in- prejudice his insanity defense, as this to comunicate ideas, Fifth Amendment voluntary treatment. Riggins proceeded issue was not raised on appeal. interest in freedom from bodily intru- to trial on unusually high doses of medi- In this context, many jurisdic- sion, and Sixth Amendment rights per- cation, was convicted, and sentenced to tions have adapted Harper- like admin- taining to trial fairness. As to the death. His conviction and sentence were istrative procedures to consider invol- government’s interests, the Court noted affirmed by the Nevada Supreme Court. untary treatment for incompetent de- that the government has a “legitimate On appeal, the United States fendants. The subsequent appeals have interest in seeing that cases are...tried Supreme Court found that Riggins’ right at times produced diametrically op- before the tribunal which the Constitu- to a fair trial could have been ad- posed results, as is well illustrated by tion regards as most likely to produce versely affected by the high dose of federal case law from different juris- a fair result” (Singer v. United States, Mellaril he was being involuntarily ad- dictions. In United States v. Brandon 380 U.S. 24, 36 (1965). Despite this ministered, but limited its analysis to (158 F.3d 947, 957 (6th Cir. 1998), the observation, and citing Justice narrowly drawn issues. The Court Sixth Circuit heard an appeal from a Kennedy’s minority opinion in Riggins, noted that defendants have a strong District Court decision to permit invol- the Court “[found] it difficult to imag- interest in avoiding unwanted treatment untary medication treatment of a de- ine” that the government’s interest could that is protected by the Due Process fendant following an administrative, overcome the defendant’s constitutional Clause of the XIVth amendment of the non-judicial hearing similar in proce- interests noted above. The court fur- Constitution. Following Riggins’s as- dures to the one detailed in Harper. ther held that decisions concerning the sertion of this interest, the state was Ralph Brandon was charged with send- involuntary medication treatment of obliged to establish that the treatment ing threatening communications by mail, defendants were best viewed as pri- was required to accomplish an over- and was found not competent to stand marily legal rather than medical deci- riding governmental interest and that trial. He was then committed for a four sions, and concluded that only a judi- the proposed treatment was “medically month period of treatment and obser- cial proceeding utilizing a strict scrutiny appropriate.” The Court noted that vation pursuant to 18 USC 4241(d).4 standard of review could appropriately Riggins’s constitutional interests cer- Staff at the Federal Medical Center in balance these competing interests.6 tainly would have been sufficiently pro- Rochester, Minnesota apprized the Dis- In a later decision (United tected had the State demonstrated that trict Court of their intention to hold an States v. Weston, 01-3027) the D.C. the treatment was medically appropri- administrative hearing consistent with Circuit court, however, reached very ate and, considering less intrusive al- the process described in Harper. Bran- different conclusions than the 6th Cir- ternatives, essential for Riggins’ own don subsequently moved for an eviden- cuit did on this issue. Russell Weston safety or the safety of others. “The tiary hearing on whether the hospital was charged with Murder, Attempted State might have been able to justify could force him to take antipsychotic Murder, and Using a Firearm in a medically appropriate, involuntary medications, which the District Court Crime of Violence.7 He was eventu- treatment with [antipsychotic medica- denied, holding that the administrative ally found not competent to stand trial tions] by establishing that it could not review process used by the hospital at a judicial hearing and committed for obtain an adjudication of Riggins’ guilt was adequate. treatment to restore his competence. or innocence by using less intrusive The 6th Circuit Court subse- After two administrative hearings and means.” (At page 135). quently adjudicated this issue, but sur- two district court hearings, the trial court The Court, however, declined prisingly framed the issue as “whether determined that the proposed treatment, to establish a specific standard of re- a non-dangerous5 pretrial detainee can antipsychotic medication, was medi- view to be applied in evaluating the ap- be forcibly medicated in order to ren- cally appropriate and essential for propriateness of involuntary treatment der him competent to stand trial.” Al- Weston’s own safety and that of oth- AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 cont. on p. 28 Page 7 Research Briefs Delinquency/ among attention-deficit/hyper- the efficacy of three treatments Four trajectories were identified Antisocial Behavior activity disorder, oppositional for conduct-disordered chil- in a four-wave study of 698 defiant disorder, and conduct dren were examined: Videotape male non-delinquents, adoles- Beauchaine, T. P., Katkin, E. S., disorder: The importance of Modeling (videotaped parent cence-limited delinquents, Strassberg, Z., & Snarr, J. shared environment. Journal of training lessons), Problem- adolescence-to-adulthood- (2001). Disinhibitory psycho- Abnormal Psychology, 110, Solving Skills Training (a cog- persistent delinquents, and pathology in male adolescents: 516-525. nitive approach to situations escalating delinquents. Higher Discriminating conduct disor- Among 1,506 11 y.o. twins, a utilizing modeling and rein- disinhibition, lower verbal abil- der from attention-deficit/hy- single shared environmental forcements), and Parent-Child ity, lower harm avoidance, peractivity disorder through factor contributed more to the Interaction Therapy (teaching higher parental hostility, and concurrent assessment of mul- covariation among ADHD, specific procedures to alter in- single-parent family differenti- tiple autonomic states. Journal ODD and CD than did genetic teractions with children). All ated persistent from escalating of Abnormal Psychology, 110, or nonshared environmental three treatments were moder- delinquents. Risk factors asso- 610-624. factors. Each disorder was in- ately successful (i.e., 40-50% ciated with being delinquent Male adolescents with ADHD, fluenced by genetic and envi- success rate), but no differ- included higher impulsivity, CD/ADHD, and controls per- ronmental factors. ences were found between the lower harm avoidance, higher formed a repetitive motor task intervention modalities. disinhibition, higher parental (with rewards administered and Dembo, R., Ramirez-Garnica, G., hostility, and one parent back- removed across trials) and then Schmeidler, J., Rollie, M., Silverthorn, P., Frick, P.J., & ground. Disinhibition was the viewed a videotaped peer con- Livingston, S. & Hartsfield, A. Reynolds, R. (2001). Timing of only risk factor on which per- flict. Compared with controls, (2001). Long term impact of a onset and correlates of severe sistent delinquents scored sig- ADHD and CD/ADHD groups family empowerment interven- conduct probems in adjudi- nificantly higher than adoles- displayed lower electrodermal tion on juvenile offender recidi- cated girls and boys. Journal cence-limited delinquents. responding. CD/ADHD par- vism. Journal of Offender Re- of Psychopathology & Behav- ticipants differed from the habilitation, 33, 33-57. ioral Assessment, 23, 171-181. Family Violence ADHD and control groups on Discusses various facets of 72 adolescents who met crite- cardiac pre-ejection period and Family Empowerment Inter- ria for conduct disorder and Daly, J. E., Power, T. G., & from the control group on res- vention. Juveniles who re- who were adjudicated for seri- Gondolf, E. W. (2001). Predic- piratory sinus arrhythmia. ceived FEI services had “mar- ous offenses were assessed tors of batterer program atten- ginally statistically significant, and their records reviewed. dance. Journal of Interpersonal Benda, B. B., Corwyn, R. F., & lower rates” of recidivism com- Girls tended to show adoles- Violence, 16, 971-991. Toombs, N. J. (2001). Recidi- pared with juveniles who re- cent onset of deviant behav- Male batterers (N=220) who vism among adolescent serious ceived other services. ior but looked more like child- were less educated, unem- offenders: Prediction of entry hood-onset boys on person- ployed at intake, not court or- into the correctional system for McCoy, H. V., Messiah, S. E., ality measures (e.g., impulsiv- dered to attend and admitted a adults. Criminal Justice & Be- & Yu, Z. (2001). Perpetrators, ity, callousness). history of alcohol-related prob- havior, 28, 588-613. victims, and observers of vio- lems attended fewer sessions. Static and dynamic factors pre- lence: Chronic and non-chronic Vitale, J. E., & Newman, J. P. dictive of recidivism were ana- drug users. Journal of Interper- (2001).Response persever- Gordis, E. B., Margolin, G., & lyzed in a 2-year follow-up sonal Violence, 16, 890-909. ation in psychopathic women. John, R. S. (2001). Parents’ study of 414 adolescent of- Relative to non-chronic drug Journal of Abnormal Psychol- hostility in dyadic marital and fenders. The strongest predic- users, chronic drug users were ogy, 110, 644-647. triadic family settings and tors were prior incarceration, significantly more likely not Incarcerated women psycho- children’s behavior problems. age of first crime, gang mem- only to have committed violent paths (N=112) did not evidence Journal of Consulting and Clini- bership, age of first alcohol/ acts, but also to have been the response perseveration on a cal Psychology, 69, 727-734. drug use, MMPI Pd scores, victim or observer of violent card perseveration task. This 2-parent families with children and chemical abuse score. The acts (N=1,479). finding was stable across di- aged 9-13 participated in one Jesness Inventory denial and mensional and categorical ap- of 3 family discussions: parents asocial subscales and all Sheldrick, R. C., Kendall, P. C., plications of the PCL-R. discussing a conflictual mari- subscales of the Carlson Psy- & Heimberg, R. G. (2001). The tal topic unrelated to the child, chological Inventory were as- clinical significance of treat- White, H. R., Bates, M. E., & parents discussing a conflictual sociated with recidivism. ments: A comparison of three Buyske, S. (2001). Adoles- marital topic related to the treatments for conduct disor- cence-limited versus persistent child, and parents and child Burt, S. A., Krueger, R. F., dered children. Clinical Psy- delinquency: Extending Moffitt’s discussing conflictual child- McGrue, M., & Iacono, W. G. chology: Science and Practice, hypothesis into adulthood. related topics. Parent-to-child (2001). Sources of covariation 8, 418-428. Journal of Abnormal Psychol- hostility exacerbated the effect Fourteen studies examining ogy, 110, 600-609. Page 8 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 of interparental hostility on be- unsubstantiated maltreatment dimensional versus categorical havior for boys but not girls. were compared to substanti- Cochrane, R. E., Grisso, T., & approach. PD symptoms were ated cases and cases of juve- Frederick, R. I. (2001). The re- more prevalent in the offender Herrera, V.M. & McCloskey, L. nile offenders who had no lationship between criminal sample, particularly Depen- A. (2001). Gender differences documented maltreatment. Ju- charges, diagnoses, and dent PD symptoms. Further- in the risk for delinquency veniles with unsubstantiated psycholegal opinions among more, prediction of group among youth exposed to fam- cases of maltreatment were federal pretrial defendants. membership from dimensional ily violence. Child Abuse & much less likely to be arrested Behavioral Sciences & the Law, scores was more accurate than Neglect, 25, 1037-1051. during the following 3 years 19, 565-582. that predicted from categorical In a 5 year follow-up of 299 than were the other groups. Examination of 1170 male court- diagnoses, indicating that of- youths, exposure to family vio- ordered CST and CR referrals fenders exhibit significant PD lence predicted later delin- Way, I., Chung, S., Jonson- revealed that psychotic diag- symptoms without meeting the quency. Boys and girls were Reid, M. & Drake, B. (2001). noses were the most common threshold for a diagnosis. referred to juvenile court at the Maltreatment perpetrators: A disorder associated with either same rate overall but boys were 54-month analysis of recidi- CST or CR; however, organic Legal Decision-Making more likely to be referred for vism. Child Abuse & Neglect, disorders were much more felony, violent, and property 25, 1093-1108. likely to result in a finding of Abwender, D. A., & Hough, K. crimes. However, girls with a Examining 31,531 perpetrators incompetence than insanity. (2001). Interactive effects of history of physical abuse were of child maltreatment, type of Results indicate that diagno- characteristics of defendant more likely than boys to be ar- initial maltreatment (sexual sis mediated the relationship and mock jurors on U.S. par- rested for violent crimes, al- abuse, physical abuse or ne- between charges and the ticipants’ judgment and sen- though nearly all of these in- glect) and whether reports were psycholegal opinion. tencing recommendations. volved domestic violence. substantiated or not predicted Journal of Social Psychology, subsequent maltreatment over Edens, J. F., Guy, L. S., Otto, R. 141, 603-615. McBurnett, K., Kerckhoff, C., a 4½-year period. Within-type K., Buffington, J. K., Tomicic, 240 students of a post-BA Capasso, L., Pfiffner, L. J., recidivism was most common T. L., & Poythress, N. G. (2001). achievement program read a Rathouz, P. J., McCord, M., & when the index event was ne- Factors differentiating suc- vehicular-homicide vignette Harris, S. M. (2001). Antisocial glect, whereas cross-type re- cessful versus unsuccessful varying the attractiveness and Personality, substance abuse, cidivism was most likely when malingerers. Journal of Person- race of the defendant, and in- and exposure to parental vio- the index event was physical ality Assessment, 77, 333-338. dicated their impressions of lence in males referred for do- or sexual abuse. The rate at The response strategies of 540 guilt and a recommended sen- mestic violence. Violence & which substantiated and un- college student and commu- tence. Results indicate that: 1) Victims, 16, 491-506. substantiated perpetrators re- nity residents asked to feign female participants were more Substance use and lifespan turned to the system differed mental illness were examined to lenient toward the attractive antisocial personality (defined by maltreatment type at the in- determine what factors distin- female defendant, whereas as high scores on the Wender dex event. Unsubstantiated guish successful from unsuc- males were more punitive, and Utah Rating Scale and the sexual abusers were re-re- cessful malingerers. Success- 2) Black and Hispanic partici- MMPI Pd scale) were robust ported at a significantly higher ful malingerers (n = 60) pants evidenced greater le- predictors of verbal aggression rate than those cases where the indiavoided endorsing ex- niency toward Black and and moderate physical domes- index event was substantiated. tremely bizarre or unusual White defendants, respec- tic abuse among 66 adult males items, attempted to appear tively, whereas Whites demon- in diversion programs. Family Forensic Evaluation emotionally numb or discon- strated no racial biases. of origin violence was associ- nected rather than “crazy,” and ated with abuse when consid- Quinnell, F. A., & Bow, J. N. based their responses on their Gatowski, S. I., Dobbin, S. A., ered alone but had no unique (2001). Psychological tests personal experiences. Confi- Richardson, J. T., Ginsburg, G. association with abuse when used in child custody evalua- dence in one’s ability to malin- P., Merlino, M. L., & Dahir, V. antisociality and alcohol/drug tions. Behavioral Sciences & ger was unrelated to success. (2001). Asking the gate-keep- use were included. the Law, 19, 491-501. ers: A national survey of 198 psychologists were sur- Ulrich, S., Borkenau, P., & judges on judging expert evi- Thompson, K.M., Wonderlich, veyed regarding their custody Marneros, A. (2001). Person- dence in a post-Daubert world. S.A., Crosby, R.D., Ammerman, evaluation practices. Profes- ality disorders in offenders: Cat- Law & Human Behavior, 25, F.F. Mitchell, J.E. & Brownfield, sionals find psychological test- egorical versus dimensional ap- 433-458. D. (2001). An assessment of the ing only moderately important, proaches. Journal of Personal- A survey of opinions on the recidivism rates of substanti- test children less frequently, use ity Disorders, 15, 442-449. Daubert criteria was given to ated and unsubstantiated mal- objective tests with adults but pro- Scores and frequency of per- 400 state-level judges, in both treatment cases. Child Abuse jective tests with children, and sonality disorder (PD) diag- Daubert and non-Daubert & Neglect, 25, 1207-1218. use IQ testing less frequently noses were compared across states. Most (91%) felt that the In a sample of over 15,000 ju- and parent inventories more fre- offender (n = 105) and commu- “gatekeeping” role is appropri- veniles, recidivism for cases of quently when conducting child nity (n = 80) samples utilizing a Continued on p. 10 custody evaluations. AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 9 Research Briefs cont. from p. 9 judges and lawyers think about study prescribed moderate to examine the criminal histo- ate, although many of the the testimony of mental health sentences anchored around ries of high and low scorers. judges appeared to lack an ap- experts: A survey of the courts those provided them. High scorers consistently com- propriate level of scientific lit- and bar. Behavioral Sciences mitted more violent and non- eracy. The percent demonstrat- & the Law, 19, 585-594. Risk Assessment violent crimes, although low ing a clear understanding of A survey of trial court judges scorers committed more sexual the Daubert criteria ranged (n = 59), prosecutors (n = 46), Edens, J. F., Poythress, N. G., offenses. High scorers also from 82% for general accep- and defense attorneys (n = 26) & Watkins, M. M. (2001). Fur- failed during community re- tance to 6% for falsifiability. regarding the testimony of ther validation of the Psycho- lease significantly faster and mental health professionals pathic Personality Inventory their release performance wors- Horowitz, I. A., Bordens, K. S., revealed that participants pre- among offenders: Personality ened with age, whereas low Victor, E., Bourgeois, M. J., & ferred that evaluations be con- and behavioral correlates. scorers’ release performance ForsterLee, L. (2001). The ef- ducted by psychiatrists rather Journal of Personality Disor- improved with age. fects of complexity on jurors’ than psychologists and were ders, 15, 403-415. verdicts and construction of primarily interested in diag- The construct and criterion- Purcell, R., Pathé, M., & evidence. Journal of Applied noses, analyses regarding the related validity of the Psycho- Mullen, P. E. (2001). A study Psychology, 86, 641-652. legal threshold, and ultimate pathic Personality Inventory of women who stalk. Ameri- The effects of 3 dimensions of opinion testimony and less in- (PPI) were examined in a sample can Journal of Psychiatry, 158, evidence complexity (high v. terested in statistical or actu- of 60 male inmates and in an 2056-2060. low information load, clearly arial data. Defense attorneys expanded sample of 89 in- A sample of 40 female stalkers favoring plaintiff v. ambiguous, were more interested in clini- mates, respectively. Theoreti- was compared to 150 male and expert testifying in techni- cal diagnoses and theoretical cally consistent correlations stalkers for psychopathology, cal v. simple language) on ju- explanations. with the Personality Assess- motivation, behavior, and pro- rors’ ability to process infor- ment Inventory, particularly the pensity for violence. Lower mation and verdict outcome in Skolnick, P., & Shaw, J. I. (2001). ANT (r = .68) and AGG (r = .57) rates of substance abuse were a civil trial were examined in 120 A comparison of eyewitness scales, support the construct found in female stalkers, who community participants. Clear and physical evidence on validity of this instrument. were also more often motivated evidence presented in techni- mock-juror decision making. Furthermore, the PPI was mod- by a desire for intimacy. No cal language favored the plain- Criminal Justice & Behavior, erately correlated with various difference was found between tiff, higher information load 28, 614-630. types of institutional disciplin- genders for propensity for vio- and technical language re- Mock-jurors reliance on eye- ary infractions. lence, although females were sulted in poorer decision-mak- witness versus physical evi- less likely to proceed from ex- ing in general, and jurors at- dence was investigated in 2 Lowenkamp, C. T., Holsinger, A. plicit threats to physical as- tempted alternative construc- studies manipulating the type M., & Latessa, E. J. (2001). Risk/ saults. tions of evidence when the and strength of evidence pre- need assessment, offender clas- evidence was ambiguous. sented. Results suggest that sification, and the role of child- Sheridan, L., & Davies, G. M. jurors are more strongly influ- hood abuse. Criminal Justice & (2001). Violence and the prior Koehler, J. J. (2001). When are enced by physical evidence, Behavior, 28, 543-563. victim-stalker relationship. people persuaded by DNA contrary to prior findings. The relation between risk of Criminal Behaviour and Men- match statistics? Law & Hu- reincarceration, the LSI-R, and tal Health, 11, 102-116. man Behavior, 25, 493-513. St Amand, M. D., & Zamble, E. child abuse was estimated on A survey of 95 stalking victims The “exemplar cueing theory” (2001). Impact of information 442 offenders (317 male and in London revealed that more (that the perceived probative about sentencing decisions on 125 female). A history of prior than 40% were victims of physi- value of statistical match evi- public attitudes toward the abuse did not add to the pre- cal or sexual assault, attempted dence depends on the cogni- criminal justice system. Law diction of reincarceration, once murder, or both. Ex-partners tive availability of coinciden- & Human Behavior, 25, 515-528. risk was controlled for using stalkers were found to be more tal match exemplars) was College students completed a the LSI-R. The LSI-R was violent, more aggressive and tested in 3 experiments. DNA mock sentencing exercise and found to be a valid instrument threatening to the victim as match statistics that target the a survey of their attitudes to- for use with female offenders. well as third parties, and en- individual defendant and that ward the criminal justice sys- gaged in the widest range of are framed as probabilities are tem. Dissatisfaction with the Porter, S., Birt, A. R., & Boer, harassing behaviors and the more persuasive than those criminal justice system was D. P. (2001). Investigation of most polarized activities (i.e., with broad reference groups noted but students’ sentences the criminal and conditional most benign and most threat- framed as frequencies. These were only slightly more puni- release profiles of Canadian ening); stranger stalkers, how- effects are less likely at ex- tive than actual reference sen- federal offenders as a function ever, were the most likely to be tremely small incidence rates. tences. When provided one of psychopathy and age. Law convicted as a result of their of three reference sentences & Human Behavior, 25, 647-661. stalking behavior. Redding, R. E., Floyd, M. Y., & (lenient, moderate, or puni- The PCL-R cutoff score of 30 Hawk, G. L. (2001). What tive), students in the main was used to classify offenders, Page 10 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Sexual Abuse and mothers who reported experi- were more likely to seek formal In this jury simulation study it Sex Offenders encing higher levels of trauma, support services. Seeking formal was found that jurors tended were substance abusers, and/ support was associated with re- to be more suspicious of recov- Banyard, V. L., Williams, L. M., or were unable to provide sup- ceiving more negative social re- ered memory testimony than & Siegel, J. A. (2001). The long- port to the abused child had actions upon disclosure of as- testimony in which the memo- term mental health conse- more impaired children. sault. Frequency of receipt of posi- ries of abuse had always been quences of child sexual abuse: tive social reactions was consis- remembered. Jurors saw the An exploratory study of the Shelby, R. A., Stoddart, R. M., tent across both informal vs. for- defendant as more credible and impact of multiple traumas in a & Taylor, K. L. (2001). Factors mal support conditions. the complainant as less hon- sample of women. Journal of contributing to levels of burn- est, although this effect was Traumatic Stress, 14, 697-715. out among sex offender treat- Whitebeck, L. B., Hoyt, D. R., apparent only in cases of het- Child sexual abuse (CSA) vic- ment providers. Journal of Inter- Yoder, K. A., Cauce, A. M., & erosexual (rather than homo- tims (N=174) reported higher personal Violence, 16, 1205-1217. Paradise, M. (2001). Deviant sexual) abuse. levels of mental health symp- Sex offender (SO) treatment behavior and victimization toms and lifetime history of providers reported increased among homeless and runaway Eaton, T. E., Ball, P. J., & exposure to various traumas. levels of personal accomplish- adolescents. Journal of Interper- O’Callaghan, M. G. (2001). Child- Trauma exposure in both child- ment (PA), relative to norms for sonal Violence, 16, 1175-1204. witness and defendant credibil- hood and adulthood other than social services workers; levels Data from 974 homeless and ity: Child evidence presentation CSA mediated the relationship of depersonalization (DP) and runaway adolescents indi- mode and judicial instructions. between CSA and psychologi- emotional exhaustion (EE) cated that nonsexual deviant Journal of Applied Social Psy- cal distress in adulthood. were similar across the groups. subsistence strategies doubled chology, 31, 1845-1858. Compared to providers in out- the probability of physical vic- The effects of child-witness Brown, E. J., & Heimberg, R. G. patient settings, those in timization (controlling for his- presentation mode and judicial (2001). Effects of writing about prison/inpatient environments tory of physical and sexual instructions were examined in rape: Evaluating Pennebaker’s reported higher levels of DP, maltreatment in family of ori- a sample of 108 undergradu- Paradigm with a severe trauma. EE, and PA. Gender, number of gin, street behaviors, sexual ates and community citizens. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14, years working with SOs, and orientation, and informal sup- Child witnesses were viewed 781-790. percentage of clientele who port systems). Sexual deviant as less credible when testify- The utility of writing only fac- were SOs did not differentiate subsistence strategies almost ing via videolink than either in tual information versus factual level of burnout. quadrupled the likelihood of court or videodeposition tes- plus emotional information, as sexual victimization. timony, and the defendant was well as reading to oneself or Sjöstedt, G., & Långström, N. seen as more guilty when tes- aloud, was examined among (2001). Actuarial assessment Witness Issues timony was court given. Judi- victims of attempted or com- of sex offender recidivism risk: cial instructions had no unique pleted rape (N=85). Greater de- A cross-validation of the Behrman, B. W., & Davey, S. L. impact on child or defendant tail and a moderate level of per- RRASOR and the Static-99 in (2001). Eyewitness identifica- credibility, but did significantly sonalization in trauma descrip- Sweden. Law & Human Be- tion in actual criminal cases: An enhance juror perceptions of tion were associated with de- havior, 25, 629-645. archival analysis. Law & Hu- child well-being in the creased levels of dysphoria The RRASOR and the Static- man Behavior, 25, 475-491. videodeposition condition. and social anxiety at one- 99 were cross-validated in a An archival analysis was con- month follow-up. Neither vari- retrospective follow-up of 1400 ducted on 271 criminal cases Hunt, J. S., & Borgida, E. able manipulation predicted de- sex offenders released in Swe- in Sacramento to determine the (2001). Is that what I said?: gree of symptom reduction. den in a 5-year period. Both impact of several factors on Witnesses’ responses to inter- instruments showed moderate suspect identification (SI). SI viewer modifications. Law & Paredes, M., Leifer, M., & predictive accuracy for sexual rates in photographic lineups Human Behavior, 25, 583-603. Kilbane, T. (2001). Maternal recidivism (defined as recon- declined significantly over time Preschool, elementary school, variables related to sexually viction) but the Static-99 had and were significantly greater and college students were abused children’s functioning. greater accuracy in predicting in same-race conditions. In live shown a video and interviewed Child Abuse & Neglect, 25, violent recidivism. lineups a significant relation- twice about its contents. The 1159-1176. ship existed between confi- interviewer in the experimental Among 67 African American Ullman, S. E., & Filipas, H. H. dence and identification. condition contradicted infor- mothers of children who had (2001). Correlates of formal and mation provided by the stu- been sexually abused, history informal support seeking in Bornstein, B. H., & Muller, S. dents. Participants were more of separation from primary sexual assault victims. Journal L. (2001). The credibility of re- likely to ignore contradictions caregivers and/or a history of Interpersonal Violence, 16, covered memory testimony: (71%) than to correct (27%) or sexual abuse during childhood 1028-1047. Exploring the effects of alleged agree (2%) with them. predicted poorer functioning Among sexual assault survi- victim and perpetrator gender. Preschoolers were the most among their own children. Re- vors (N=323), victims of stranger Child Abuse & Neglect, 25, likely to incorporate misinforma- garding current functioning, rape with more severe injuries 1415-1426. tion into subsequent answers. AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 11 Seven Wonders of Austin cont. from p. 3 etery, Texas State Cemetery, and even West End/West Sixth Street, Arbore- at Emerald Point Marina, Lakeway the Haunted Tours. tum, Great Hills area, and Davenport Marina, Hurst Harbor Marina, or Village on Hwy 360. In addition, Volente Beach. Some other rentals The sixth wonder is the college at- Tanger Outlet Mall is located south include: for rock climbing, Mountain mosphere, with Austin home to the of Austin in San Marcos. For local Madness or Reimers ranch; for bike University of Texas, being the largest sports, besides the University of Texas tours and rentals, Austin Adventure attended university in the U.S. with ap- Longhorns, Austin also has the hockey Company or Bicycle Sport Shop; for proximately 50,000 students, home to the team The Ice Bats, and the baseball hiking or walking/running, RunTex, Texas Longhorns, the LBJ Library and team house at the Dell Diamond, The Ransom Center, or Wild Basin Tours; Museum, the Frank Erwin Center, and Round Rock Express. Museums and canoeing, Zilker Park Canoe Rental; containing the infamous University of galleries are plentiful, with some must horseback riding, Bear Creek Stables, Texas Tower (with Tower Tours avail- sees as the Bob Bullock Texas State Bow and Arrow Ranch, or White able again since 2000). Also in Austin is History Museum, LBJ Library and Fences Equestrian Center; scuba div- the private university of St. Edward’s Museum, Austin Children’s Museum, ing: in Lake Travis at Windy Point University, just north of Austin in Elizabet Ney Museum, Women and Park, Mansfield Dam Recreation Georgetown is private Southwestern their Work, Austin Museum of Art Area, or Hippie Hollow Park (beware University, and just south of Austin is Downtown, Blanton Museum of Art, of what all you’ll see at Hippie Hol- Southwest Texas State University in San and the Austin Museum of Art at La- low-ha); and rent a Harley Davidson Marcos. Therefore, within a 30 mile ra- guna Gloria. Theater includes the at Eagle Rider Motorcycle Rental. dius of Austin are over 100,000 students. Paramont, State theater, Zachary Austin also has land and water tours, Scott Theater, Dougherty Arts Cen- and even one tour company which Finally, the seventh wonder is the ter, Hyde Park Theater, and the un- takes you on both land and water, the unique Austin culture, along with bat usual movie theater, the Alamo Austin Duck Tours. Also check out viewing (with the huge Congress Drafthouse (where you can enjoy a the Lone Star Riverboat, or Capital Bridge Bat Colony migrating back to movie, and be served during the movie Cruises, with cruises on Town Lake Austin in March), micro breweries, cof- with good food and beer or other bev- and on Lake Austin. For a view of fee house chats, multiple music and art erages). Comedy theater includes the nature just barely west of downtown, festivals and other odd festivals, an out- famous Ether’s Pool where Ether’s visit the Lady Bird Johnson Wild- door focus of sports, water and river and Follies perform, the Velveeta Room, flower Center, the Umlauf Sculpture hill country enjoyment, local wineries, and Capital City Comedy Club, to Garden and Museum, or the Zilker local spas (i.e., the famous Lake Aus- name a few. For ballet, symphony, and Park Botanical Gardens. Also tin Spa), many local supported restau- opera, Austin also is home to Ballet check out Mt. Bonnell off local rants and bars and clubs, Hippie Hol- Austin, the historic Hamilton House FM2222 for a great ariel view of Lake low nude swimming and sun bathing, houses the Austin Symphony Orches- Austin area. A bit further is the Texas central Texas convenience and proxim- tra (which also often provide free con- River Cruise for a beautiful river ity, support of hundreds of musicians and certs in the park, such as in Zilker Park), cruise in Brunett, 100 minutes from artists— slash/combined professors or and the Austin Lyric Opera. Austin, seeing wildlife such as bald business owners, and mixing university, *** Upon arrival to Austin, on Thursdays eagles and wildflowers, and later tour government, high tech, restaurant, mu- get the “XL” entertainment section (in the the local winery, or take the Hill Coun- sician, artist, theater, sports enthusiasts Austin American Statesman), and the free try Flyer, a scenic locomotive trip which such as home of Lance Armstrong, a “Chronicle”. Other free newspapers in- runs between Austin and Burnett. variety of sexual preference type folks, clude the Microbrewery News, among oth- and small and corporate business entre- ers. Also check with local establishments or the Austin Tourist and Convention Cen- Yet a fifth wonder of Austin is the preneurs all together in a small town and ter for the free magazines, “Experience Capital City itself, with the Texas casual atmosphere nestled in a fast growth Austin” the “Austin Monthly”, and the State Capital Building and Complex town. Other unique aspects of Austin “Austin To Go”. Also check the back of being the largest state capitol complex you’ll discover no doubtedly for yourself. the Austin Yellow Pages for the Attrac- in the U.S. Take the worthwhile tions and Performing Arts section. Finally, Capital Tours, which even includes For shopping, besides three major malls for purchase in local drug stores are the a Texas giftshop Other tours of our (which contain the Texas Memorabilia “Texas Monthly”, “Texas Highways”, and capital city include viewing the Gov- store Guitars and Cadillac’s), Austin “Texas Parks and Wildlife” magazines. And ernors Mansion, Bremond Block, is home to many local establishments, don’t forget to check the web-sites: Historic Walking Tours, Old Henry particularly in concentrated areas along “Auschron.Com” and “Austin360”. Trail, Hyde Park, Oakwood Cem- South Congress, Downtown Congress, Prepared by Sherry L. Blakey, Ph.D., M.L.S. Page 12 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 AP-LS 2002 Biennial Program Thursday, March 7 Effects of Administrator-Participant Contact in Line- 8:00-11:40 Executive Committee Meeting in Foothills I ups: Contact with Lineup Administrators May De- crease Accuracy. Ryann Haw & Ronald P. Fisher 8:00-5:00 Hospitality Room, Big Thicket A Meta-Analytic Comparison of Showup and Lineup Identification Accuracy. Nancy Steblay, Jennifer 9:00-11:30 Student Workshop, Texas 5 Dysart, Solomon Fulero, & R. C. L. Lindsay Careers in Law and Psychology Criminal Psychopathy, Texas 5 10:00-5:00 Registration in the Texas West & Central Foyer Chair: Hugues F. Herve Criminal Psychopathy and its Subtypes: Reliability and 10:00-5:00 Book Exhibit in the Texas West & Central Foyer Generalizability. Hugues F. Herve & Robert D. Hare Screening for Psychopathy among Female Offenders: 12:00-12:30 Opening Session, Texas 1 Validity of the Self-Report of Psychopathy-II. Chairs: Randy Salekin and Christina Studebaker Rebecca Jackson & Richard Rogers In Cold Blood: Characteristics of Criminal Homicides 12:30-5:00 Capital Case Litigation Mini Conference, Texas 1 as a Function of Psychopathy. Mike Woodworth & Chair: Christina Studebaker Steve Porter Discussant: Elisabeth Semel The Psychometric Properties of the Psychopathy Risk Assessment and the Death Penalty, Texas 1 Checklist-Revised: Data from an Hispanic Federal- Stephen D. Hart, John F. Edens, Mark Cunningham, Inmate Sample. V. Anne Tubb & Harmon M. Hosch Lisa Greenman (12:30-1:45) Competency To Be Executed, Texas 1 1:30-2:50 Symposium Session Stanley L. Brodsky, Richard Rogers, Patricia A. Zapf, Juvenile’s Competence to Stand Trial: The MacArthur Richard Burr (1:45-3:00) Study, Texas 3 Jurors’ Use of Aggravating and Mitigating Chair: Jennifer L. Woolard Factors, Texas 1 Conceptualization of the MacArthur Juvenile Compe- Richard L. Wiener, Steven Penrod, Craig Haney, Mark tence Study. Thomas Grisso Olive (3:00-4:15) Data Collection and Sample Description. Fran Lexcen APA and the Death Penalty: A Lesson in Age Differences in Capacities Underlying Competence Diplomacy, Texas 1 to Stand Trial. Laurence Steinberg Sol Fulero (4:15-5:00) Age Differences in Judgment and Decision Making. Jennifer L. Woolard 12:30-1:20 Paper Session Implications of the MacArthur Adjudicative Compe- Child Protection and Custodial Issues, Texas 2 tence Study. Elizabeth S. Scott Chair: Sophia Gatowski Innovative Practice in Child Protection Cases: Results Archival Analyses of 1628 Canadian Criminal Com- of an Evaluation of Miami’s Family Decision-Making plaints of Delayed Allegations of Childhood Sexual Conference Program. Sophia Gatowski, Shirley Abuse, Texas 5 Dobbin, & Steven Robinson Chair: Deborah A. Connolly Child Sexual Abuse Investigations by Child Protective Criminal Law of Historical Child Sexual Abuse: Past Services: Exploring False-Negative Decisions. Kevin J. and Present Perspectives from Canada and the U.S. Gully, Trudi Moore, Harmon M. Hosch, & Karen Hansen Deborah A. Connolly & J. Don Read Risk and Protective Factors: How do they Affect Al- Predictors of Judged Repression in Criminal Cases of legedly Abused Children During Videotaped Inves- Historical Child Sexual Abuse. Jennifer A.A. Lavoie, tigative Interviews? Susan Hall Deborah A. Connolly, J. Don Read, & Heather L. Price The Significance of the Electronic Recording of All Do Mock Juror Studies Accurately Predict the Effect Custodial Interrogation Findings. Matthew B. Johnson of Real-World Variables in Criminal Cases of Historical Child Sexual Abuse. J. Don Read & Deborah A. Connolly Line Ups, Texas 3 The Presence and Role of Expert Witnesses: An Analy- Chair: R.C. L. Lindsay sis of Criminal Cases of Historical Child Sexual Examining the Use of Rank Combined Lineups in Cross- Abuse. Heather L. Price, Deborah A. Connolly, J. Racial Identification. Paul R. Dupuis, R. C. L. Lind- Don Read, & Jennifer A. A. Lavoie say, & Jennifer Dysart To Acquit or Convict? Factors that Predict Trial Out- Eyewitness Accuracy in Sequential Versus Simultaneous come in Criminal Cases of Historical Child Abuse. Lineups: A Meta-analytic Review. Jennifer Dysart, Andrew Welsh, Deborah A. Connolly, & J. Don Read Nancy Steblay, Solomon Fulero, & R.C.L. Lindsay Discussant: Maggie Bruck AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 13 What Do We Really Know about Sequential and Si- Effects of Juvenile’s Trial Venue and Juror’s Bias on multaneous Lineups? Are We Ready to Make Rec- Judgment of Culpability: Is It Prejudicial to Try a Ju- ommendations? Texas 2 venile as an Adult? Connie M. Tang, Narina Nunez, Chair: Otto H. MacLin Mindy J. Dahl, & Dana M. Binder A Comparison of Photographic Line-up Procedures. Lauren R. Shapiro & Tawny A. Hiatt 4:00-5:20 Symposium Session Sequential Testing Reduces all Choices: False and Cor- MAYSI-2 Screening of Mental Health Needs in Juve- rect. Amino Memon & Fiona Gabbert nile Justice, Texas 2 Do (modified) Sequential Line-ups Safeguard Against Chair: Fran Lexcen the Influence of Criterion Shifts in Verbal Descrip- State-wide Implementation of a Mental Health Screen- tions? Applied Implications of the Verbal Overshadow- ing Instrument for Juvenile Justice. Jennifer ing Effect. Christian A. Meissner & John C. Brigham Carnprobst & Elizabeth Cauffman Towards an Ecological Approach in Examining the A Large-scale Evaluation of the Psychometric Charac- Diagnosticity of Sequential and Simultaneous Line- teristics and Generalizability of the Massachusetts up Presentations. Otto H. Maclin & Roy S. Malpass Youth Screening Instrument - 2. Kevin S. Douglas, Modeling the Memory and Decision Processes in Se- Annette McGaha, & Randy K. Otto quential Line-ups and Show-ups. Steven Clark Assessing the Mental Health Needs of Juvenile De- Limitations of Sequential Lineups. R. C. L. Lindsay tainees. Mallie M. Moss, Philip Nordness, Corey Discussant: Gary Wells Pierce, & Michael Epstein Looking at the MAYSI-2 in Community Youth, Jailed Paper Session Adults, and Community Adults. Fran Lexcen 3:00-3:50 NGRI Release and Related Issues, Texas 2 Discussant: Thomas Grisso Chair: Lisa K. Brown Assessing Risk for Breaches of Conditional Release in Do Psychopaths Respond to Treatment? Revisiting Insanity Acquittees. Lisa K. Brown & Stephen D. Hart the Issue with New Research, Texas 3 Treatment Responsivity in Offenders on Conditional Chair: Jennifer L. Skeem Release: Predictors of Intervention Progress. Mary Psychopathy, Treatment Involvement and Subsequent Vio- Ann Campbell & Steve Cann lence among Civil Psychiatric Patients. Jennifer L. Skeem Development and Initial Findings of a Measure of Sexual Which Psychopaths Do Not Recidivate After Treat- Offense Behavior: The Community Outcome Ques- ment? Stephen Wong & Grant Burt tionnaire. Erik S. Nabors, Kirk Heilbrun, Christine Treatment Outcome and Psychopathy in Adolescent Maguth Nezu, & Arthur M. Nezu Sex Offenders: A Ten-year Follow-up. Heather Assessing Risk for Violence in Male and Female Insan- Gretton & Rosalind Catchpole ity Acquittees: Validity of the HCR-20 and PCL:SV. Inpatient Treatment of Violent Psychopathic Offend- Tonia L. Nicholls & James R. P. Ogloff ers: A Focused Treatment Program. Stephen Wong Discussant: Dale McNiel Alibi Evidence and Juror Decision Making, Texas 3 Chair: Scott E. Culhane Eyewitness Issues, Texas 5 Alibi Witness’ Influence on Juror’s Verdicts. Scott E. Chair: Jennifer Dysart Culhane & Harmon M Hosch The Effects of Alcohol Intoxication on Identification Alibi Evidence: The Effect of Memory-performance Ex- Accuracy from Show-ups: A Field Study. Jennifer pectations and Inferences about Alibi Changes on Dysart, R. C. L. Lindsay, & T. K. MacDonald People’s Judgments of Criminal Responsibility. John An Archival Analysis of Trial Cases in which the De- Turtle & Tara Burke fense Claimed Mistaken Identification. Heather The Effects of Informant Inducements and Defendant Flowe & Ebbe B. Ebbesen and Informant Race on Mock Juror Ratings of Guilt The Effect of Transformation on Facial Identification Accu- and Credibility. Sena Garven, Steven Penrod, Alysia racy-A Meta-Analysis. Meera Adya, Aletha Claussen Charley, & Rayven White Schulz, Brian H. Bornstein, & Steven D. Penrod An Investigation of Decision-making Strategies In- Juvenile Justice, Texas 5 volved in Cross-race Facial Identification. Steve Chair: Mark Fondacaro Smith & Veronica Stinson Informing the Reconceptualization of Due Process in Information From Co-Witnesses Can Contaminate Eye- Juvenile Justice with Empirical Research. Mark witness Reports. Deb Corey & James Wood Fondacaro Matching Faces: Differences in Processing Speed of Juveniles Tried as Adults: Age and Fairness. Jaclyn Out-group Faces by different Ethnic Groups. Siegfried Kate Rudebeck & William Douglas Woody L. Sporer, Barbara Trinkl & Elena Guberova Decision-making in Risk-taking Contexts: Adolescent Judgment and Responsibility. Jill Antonishak & N. Dickon Reppucci

Page 14 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Friday, March 8 Utility of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in Predicting Institutional Misbehavior of Incarcer- 8:30-5:00 Registration: Texas West and Central Foyer ated Sex Offenders. Jennifer D. Caperton, Jacqueline K. Buffington-Vollum, Angela N. Torres, & John F. Edens 8:30-5:00 Book Exhibition: Texas West & Central Foyer Psychopathy in Sex Offenders: PCL-R Total and Factor Scores by Victim Age. Amy R. Boyd, Julie M. Oliver, 8:30-5:00 Hospitality Room, Big Thicket Robert G. Meyer, & Jon M. Barnes 9:00-9:50 Paper Session Eyewitness Testimony, Texas 1 Sexual Harassment, Texas 6 Chair: John Shaw Chair: Richard L. Wiener Eyewitness Confidence Judgments in Public Settings. Personality Traits and Perception of Sexual Harassment. John Shaw, Tana Zerr, & Kristin Pontoski Rosalie P. Kern, Terry M. Libkuman, Charles Eyewitness Beliefs and Expectations: How Eyewitness Palosaari, & Andra Ziemnick Perceptions of the Task Influence Identification De- Jury Decisions in Sexual Harassment Case: Prior Com- cisions? Amina Memon & Lorraine Hope plaints by Plaintiff and Against Defendant. Linda Examining the Utility of the EFIT Composite Program Presnell & Linda Foley Using Younger and Older Eyewitnesses. Paul R. Determining the Severity of Sexual Harassment: A Dupuis, Fiona Gabbert, Lorraine Hope, Amina Psycholegal Analysis of Women’s Subjective Ap- Memon, & R.C.L. Lindsay praisal of Unwanted Sex-Related Behavior at Work. The Effects of Informing Jurors about the NIJ Guide for Melanie S. Harned Eyewitness Identification Evidence. Mark R. Phillips The Effects of Prior Complainant Conduct on Sexual & Ronald P. Fisher Harassment Judgments. Ryan Winters, Richard L. Wiener, Melanie Rogers, & Christine Schrader Civil and Criminal Juror Decision-Making, Texas 2 Chair: Leslie Ellis 10:00-11:50 Symposium Session The Appropriateness of Civil Juror Decisions: A Meta- Communicating Risk Violence, Texas 1 Analysis of Civil Jury Decision Making. Julie Chair: John Monahan Wilbanks, Kerri F. Dunn, & Steven D. Penrod Communicating Violence Risk: Introduction to a New Companies Risky Decisions: Jurors Reactions to Cost- Area of Research.. John Monahan Benefit Analyses. Kevin M. O’Neil, Gregory Page, The Impact of Outcome Vividness and Communication Steven D. Penrod, & Brian Bornstein Style On Psychologists’ Conclusions Regarding Vio- Don’t find my client liable, but if you do....: Defense lence Risk: A National Survey. Erik Nabors, John Award Recommendations. Leslie Ellis Monahan, Paul Slovic, & Kirk Heilbrun Jurors’ Use of Criminal Record Evidence in Determina- The Importance of Feelings in Risk Communication: A tions of Guilt. Gordon Rose & James R. P. Ogloff Theoretical Analysis. Kirk Heilbrun Communication About Risk of Violence in Clinical Per- Competency to Stand Trial, Texas 3 spective. Dale McNiel Chair: Patricia A. Zapf An Investigation of the Relationship Between Psychi- The Defense of “Extreme Emotional Disturbance” atric Symptomatology and Competency to Consent [EED] in Criminal Cases: Law, Research, and Con- to Treatment. Patricia A. Zapf, Jodi L. Viljoen, & troversies, Texas 2 Ronald Roesch Chair: Thomas L. Litwack An Investigation of Competence-Related Abilities in a The Defense of “Extreme Emotional Disturbance” in Sample of Undergraduate Students. Nancy Ryba & Criminal Cases: A Legal Overview. Gary Galperin Patricia A. Zapf A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of EED Defenses in Legal Abilities and Psychopathology: An Examination New York County, 1988-1997. Stuart Kirschner of the Relationship. Jodi L. Viljoen, Ronald Roesch, Current Controversies Regarding the EED Defense: A & Patricia A. Zapf Critical Analysis. Thomas L. Litwack Juvenile Forensic Evaluations of Competency to Stand Trial: Discussant: Norman Finkel Factors Associated with Forensic Examiners’ Opinions. Lynne Sullivan Saari, Mesha L. Ellis, & Ivan Kruh Actual Innocence: Antecedents and Consequences of Wrongful Convictions, Texas 3 (Note: 10:00-12:30) Sex Offenders, Texas 5 Chair: Saul M. Kassin Chair: John F. Edens The DNA Exoneration Cases. Barry Scheck Constitutional Issues Concerning the Castration of What Wrongful Convictions Teach Us about Forensic Sexual Offenders Post-Release. Jennifer P. Stergion Science. William C. Thompson Sexual Fantasies and Sexual Behaviors in a Non-foren- Eyewitness Identification: How Procedural Changes Could sic Sample. Barry Cooper, Hugues Herve, Robert Toth, Prevent Convictions of the Innocent. Gary L. Wells David Marxsen, Teresa Howell, & John Yuille AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 15 False Confessions: How Police Interrogations Put In- Death in the Courtroom: Terror Management Theory nocents-and Innocence-at Risk. Saul M. Kassin and Legal Decision Making. Jamie Arndt, Joel D. Commentary: New Research, the View from Death Row, Lieberman, & Sheldon Solomon and Other Perspectives. Phoebe Ellsworth Towards a Psychology of Retribution. John Darley & Kevin Carlsmith The Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth Social Psychological Frameworks for Expert Testimony (SAVRY): The Validity and Application of Risk As- on Coerced Confessions. Saul M. Kassin sessment in Violent Youth, Texas 5 Courtship Persistence: Social Antecedents, Legal Con- Chair: Patrick Bartel sequences. Eugene Borgida & H. Colleen Sinclair The Place of the SAVRY in Assessing the Risk of Vio- Discussant: Lawrence Wrightsman lence in Youth. Patrick Bartel Validation of the Structured Assessment of Violence The Trend Toward Special Jurisdiction Courts: Early Risk in Youth (SAVRY) on a Sample of Adolescent Of- Data and Policy Implications, Texas 5 fenders and Community Youth. Adelle Forth Chair: John Petrila Empirical Findings from Two Provincial Violent Offender An Empirical Investigation of the Broward County Treatment Programs: Risk Assessment and Treatment Florida Mental Health Court. Norm Poythress, Outcome. Rosalind Catchpole Annette McGaha, Roger Boothroyd, & John Petrila The Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth An Empirical Investigation of the Santa Barbara County (SAVRY): Comparing Contributions of SAVRY Items Mental Health Court. Merith Cosden to Clinical Risk Estimates and Criminal Outcomes. An Empirical Investigation of the Connecticut Diver- Heather Gretton & Carolyn Abramowitz sion Court. Linda Frisman Discussant: Randy Borum Discussant: Henry J. Steadman

Serious & Violent Offending Among Girls: Current Assessing Risk with Children and Adolescents: Meth- Research and Public Policy Implications, Texas 6 odological Issues, Texas 3 Chair: Candice Odgers Chair: Robert Prentky Delinquent Girls: Developmental Considerations and Deriving Risk Factors for Sexual Reoffending in Juve- Public Policy Implications. Elizabeth Cauffman niles: Methodological Considerations. Kirk Heilbrun Maltreatment, Negative Self Identity and Aggression Why is the Task of Assessing Risk in Juveniles Differ- Among Girls. Marlene Moretti ent than Assessing Risk in Adults? Randy Borum Doing Time: The Pathways of Female Youth Into and Hitting Moving Targets: Methodological Problems in Within the Juvenile Justice System. Candice Odgers Assessing Risk with Children and Adolescents. & Raymond Corrado Robert Prentky Protective Factors: The Potential for Female Youth. Discussant: Thomas Grisso Melinda Schmidt Discussant: Jennifer Woolard Perspectives on Web-based Experimental Research in Psychology and Law, Texas 6 1:00-2:20 Symposium Session Chair: Kevin O’Neil Assessing Juvenile Psychopathy: Current Contro- Early Attempts at Using the Internet to Study versies and Historical Context, Texas 1 Psycholegal Issues: Lessons Learned From Studies Chair: Jennifer L. Skeem of Pretrial Publicity. Christina Studebaker Recent Research and Legal Developments on Juvenile A Brief Introduction to How to Conduct Psychological Psychopathy. Jennifer L. Skeem & Elizabeth Cauffman Experiments Over the World-Wide Web. Kevin O’Neil The Juvenile Psychopath: Fads, Fictions, and Facts. Evaluating the Validity of Web-based Research: A study Laurence Steinberg on Civil Jury Decision Making. Heather Slawson & The Relation Between Developmental Maturity and Mea- Brian Bornstein sures of Psychopathy: Initial Findings from a Cross-se- Testing Juror Decision Making Over the Internet. Dan quential Study. Elizabeth Cauffman & Jennifer L. Skeem Simon, Chadwick Snow, Aaron Brownstein, & An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Psychopathy Stephen J. Read Checklist: Youth Version. Gina M. Vincent, Raymond The variety of Web-based Research: How Methodologi- R. Corrado, Stephen D. Hart, & Irwin M. Cohen cal Variables May Influence Results. Kevin O’Neil Discussant: Stephen D. Hart 2:30-3:50 Symposium Session Advances in Social Psychology and Criminal Justice: Assessing the Risk of Interpersonal Violence: An Research and Theory, Texas 2 Audience Participation Exercise, Texas 5 Chair: Richard L. Wiener Co-Leaders: Joel Dvoskin, Stephen D. Hart, & Kirk Attitudes Toward the Death Penalty: The Impact of Atti- Heilbrun tude Activation on Sentencing. Richard L. Wiener, Melanie Rogers, Ryan Winter, Amy Hackney, Karen Public Opinion and Juvenile Justice, Texas 1 Kadela, Shannon Rauch, Laura Warren, & Ben Morasco Chair: N. Dickon Reppucci Page 16 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Attitudes toward Juvenile Crime: A Public Policy Puzzle. Comprehension of Standard and Plain Language Jury Elizabeth S. Scott Instructions. Kathryn Apostal & Douglas Peters Understanding Adults’ Perceptions of Adolescent Selection Effects at Trial. Jonathan J Koehler, William Maturity and Culpability. Jennifer Tweed C. Thompson, & Michael Kromer Public Perceptions of Adolescent Culpability. N. The Differential Effects of American versus British Trial Dickon Reppucci & Elizabeth S. Scott Procedures on Juror Decision-Making. Marisa Racial Stereotypes in the Juvenile Justice System. Collett & Margaret Bull Kovera Sandra Graham & Brian Lowery Discussant: Jennifer L. Woolard Juvenile Assessment, Texas 2 Chair: Keith R. Cruise Assessing the Effectiveness of Models of Jail Diversion: Specialized and General Measures of Risk in a Sample Police, Courts, and Jail-Based Programs, Texas 6 of Juvenile Sex Offenders: A Preliminary Report on Chair: Henry J. Steadman Convergent and Discriminant Validity. Keith R. Cruise Evaluation of the Criminal Justice Diversion Programs: & Lori H. Hauser A Comparison of Outcomes for Diverted Subjects Com- Stereotypes of Juvenile Offenders: Development, Reli- pared to Non-Diverted Subjects. Shannon Morrison ability, and Predictive Validity of an Individual Differ- Can Persons with Violent Charges Be Successfully Di- ence Measure. Tamara M. Haegerich & Bette L. verted? Michelle Naples Bottoms What Can We Say Empirically About the Effectiveness Predicting Juvenile Recidivism and Validating Juvenile of Jail Diversion Programs. Patty Griffin Risk Factors in an Urban Environment. Geoffrey Discussant: Henry J. Steadman Marczyk, Kirk Heilbrun, Tammy Lander, & David DeMatteo “I’ll Be Watching You:” Legal, Clinical, and Social Balanced Risk Assessments of Adolescent Offenders: Policy Implications of Stalking Research, Texas 2 The Role of Protective Factors. Mary Martin & Ri- Chair: Mindy B. Mechanic chard Rogers Lay and Legal Definitions of Stalking: Preliminary Find- ings and Research Agenda. Maureen O’Connor & Theoretical Issues for Psycholegal Research and Jus- Ronnie Harmon tice, Texas 5 Stalking and Other Forms of Intrusive Contact Follow- Chair: Bruce A. Arrigo ing Romantic Relationships During Adolescence or The Critical Perspective in Psychological Jurisprudence: Young Adulthood. Jeffrey J. Haugaard Theoretical Advances, Epistemological Assumptions, Violence Risk Factors in Stalking and Obsessional Harass- and Prospects for Justice. Bruce A. Arrigo ment: A Review and Meta-Analysis. Barry Rosenfeld Broadening the Scope of Psycholegal Research: Lessons Stalking, Perceptions of Lethality, and Post-Traumatic from the First-Year Law Curriculum. Jeremy Blumenthal Responding Among Recently Battered Women. Mindy How Lawyers are Stealing Psychology and Law: How B. Mechanic, Debra L. Kaysen, & Patricia A. Resick to Stop Them and Why We Shouldn’t. Jeremy Blumenthal Discussant: Sharon Portwood Lawyers’ Use of Psychology as Authority In Legal Ar- gument. J. Alexander Tanford The Competence of Child Suspects and Defendants: Perceived and Actual Capabilities, Texas 3 Conduct Disorder and Treatment of Juvenile Offend- Chairs: Allison Redlich & Simona Ghetti ers, Texas 6 Perceptions of Child Suspects During a Police Interroga- Chair: Carrie Fried tion. Allison D. Redlich, Jodi A. Quas, & Kyle Tupaz Conduct Disorder and Serious and Violent Female Of- Are Juvenile Offenders Perceived as Sophisticated fenders: Examining the Prevalence and Co-Variables Decision-Makers? Simona Ghetti of this Disorder. Raymond R. Corrado, Janelle R. Juveniles’ Competence to Stand Trial: The Attorney- Wolbaum, & Irwin M. Cohen Client Relationship. Melinda G. Schmidt & N. Dickon Empathy Training for Juvenile Offenders: The Devel- Reppucci opment and Evaluation of a Victim Empathy Curricu- Discussants: Karmeron Johnson & Elaine Carpenter lum. Carrie Fried The Decompression Model for the Treatment of Vio- 4:00-4:50 Paper Session lent Juvenile Delinquents: A Preliminary Validation Distinguished Career Contribution to Forensic Psy- Report. Michael Caldwell & Gregory VanRybroek chology Awarded to Gail Goodman Trauma, Law, and Memory. Gail Goodman, Texas 1 5:00-5:50 Paper Session Civil Trials, Negotiations, and Mediation, Texas 1 Juror Decision Making, Texas 3 Chair: Jennifer Robbennolt Chair: Martin Bourgeois Reducing the Impact of Hindsight Bias in Negligence Correlates of Juror Reasoning. Martin Bourgeois, Trials. Edith Greene & Alison Smith Narina Nunez, James Perkins, & Joni Frantz The Effect of Apologies on Settlement Negotiation in Civil Cases. Jennifer Robbennolt AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 17 Professional, Psycholegal, and Situational Parameters The Mental Health Rights Comprehension Test: Devel- of Successful Community-Based Mediation for Con- opment of a Measurement Tool. Tristin Wayte flict Resolution. Sherry L. Blakey Visual Technologies in the Courtroom: Directions for 5:30-6:30 Correctional Psychologists’ Social Hour, Big Thicket Future Research. Meghan Dunn & Neal Feigenson 6:00-6:50 Women’s Committee Meeting , Foothills I Parental Responsibility and Juvenile Placement Rec- ommendations, Texas 3 Saturday, March 9 Chair: Eve M. Brank 8:00-5:00 Registration, in the Texas Foyer West & Central Foyer Paying for the Crimes of their Children: Public Support of Parental Responsibility Laws. Eve M. Brank 8:00-5:00 Book Exhibition Texas Foyer West & Central Foyer Legislative Developments of Parental Responsibility Laws. Eve M. Brank 9:00-9:50 Paper Session Preventing Out-Of-Home Placements: Juvenile Delin- Psychopathy in Youth I, Texas 3 quents and the Wraparound Process. Sarah DeGue, Chair: Randall T. Salekin Mallie M. Moss, & Mark Dekraai A Discriminant Study of Juvenile Psychopathy and Long-Term Placement Recommendations for Juvenile Of- Mental Disorders. Monica K. Epstein, Kevin S. Dou- fenders: Clinical Decision-Making and Risk Assessment glas, Norman G. Poythress, Sarah E. Spain, Diane Factors. Sarah DeGue, Mario J. Scalora, & Dan Ullman M. Falkenbach The Relationship Between Child Psychopathy and Pro- Child Eyewitness Testimony/Memory, Texas 2 gram Outcome: The Assessment of Criterion-related Chair: Margaret Ellen-Pipe Validity for Two Recently Developed Measures. Memory Recovery in Children: A Study of Reminis- Diana M. Falkenbach, Norman G. Poythress, Kevin cence and Hyperamnesia in Memory of an Event. S. Douglas, Sarah E. Spain, & Monica K. Epstein David La Rooy & Margaret-Ellen Pipe Prediction of Dangerousness with the MACI Psychop- Why Do Interviewers Ask the Questions They Ask? athy Scale: The Importance of Egocentric and Callous The Role of Child Individual Differences on Traits. Randall T. Salekin, Allyson Bennett, Lee Anthony Children’s and Adults’ Interviewing. Livia L. Gilstrap The Relationship Between Psychopathy, Violence and & Paul B. Papierno Treatment Outcome: A Comparison of Three Youth Jurors’ Perceptions of Childrens Eyewitness Capabilities: Im- Psychopathy Measures. Sarah E. Spain, Kevin S. plications for Expert Testimony. Jodi A. Quas, Michael Douglas, Norman G. Poythress, Monica K. Epstein, Kromer, Alison Clarke-Stewart, & William C. Thompson Diana M. Falkenbach “If you would have asked me then, I would have re- membered it”: Changes in Children’s Event Memory Child Eyewitness Testimony, Texas 1 Over Time. Margaret Ellen-Pipe Chair: Jennifer M. Schaaf Law Enforcement Officers: The Detection of Children’s False Confessions & Deception Detection, Texas 5 Lies. Amy-May Leach, Victoria Talwar, Kang Lee, & Chair: Saul M. Kassin Nicholas C. Bala “I’d Know a False Confession if I saw One:” A Com- Children’s Ability to Follow Instructions to Exclude Mis- parative Study of College Students and Police In- leading Information from Memory Reports. Jennifer vestigators. Saul M. Kassin, Rebecca J. Norwick, M. Schaaf Christian A. Meissner, & Roy L. Malpass Young Children’s Eyewitness Accounts: How Useful is “He’s guilty!”: Investigator Bias in Judgments of Truth and the Truth and Lie Test? Julie Cherryman & Tanith Deception. Christian A. Meissner & Saul M. Kassin Haywood False Confessions: Is the Gender of the Interrogator a Effects of Rehearsal on Eyewitness Identification Ac- Determining Factor? Bridget Abboud, Vaughn Alavi, curacy in Young Children. Ruvena Wilhelmy, Dawn Krista Forrest, Jeff Lange, & Teresa Wadkins McQuiston, & Ray Bull

Mental Health Treatment, Texas6 Expert Testimony, Texas 5 Interaction of the Emergency Commitment and Crimi- Chair: Jennifer Groscup nal Justice Systems in Florida. Annette McGaha, Limiting Instructions Effects on Juror Assessments of Paul G. Stiles, & Shabnam Mehra Scientific Validity and Reliability. Jennifer Groscup The Effects of Perceived Coercion on Adherence to & Steven Penrod Mental Health Treatment in the Community. Sarah Should We Call in an Expert? Using Meta-analysis to D. Rain, Valerie F. Williams, Pamela Clark Robbins, John Examine the Impact of Expert Testimony on Juror Ver- Monahan, Henry J. Steadman, Roumen Vessslinov dicts. Jennifer L. Devenport, Veronica Stinson, & National Survey of Privileged Communication in Psy- Margaret Bull Kovera chotherapy: Psychiatry, Psychology, Counseling and The Effects of Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael on the Social Work Compared. Marcus C. Tye, Doreen Admissibility of Expert Testimony. Jennifer Groscup Armstrong, & Adriane Casner & Steven Penrod Page 18 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Experts’ Ability to Evaluate the Quality of Forensic In- Group Sexism: Aggregated Effects of Juries’ Beliefs terviews in Child Sexual Abuse Cases. Sena Garven, About Women and Rape. Matthew M. Patton, Linda Nancy Walker, & Steven D. Penrod A. Foley, & Melissa A. Pigott Classifying Crimes by Classifying Victims: Investigat- Capital Cases and Death Penalty I, Texas 2 ing Lay Conceptions of Hate Crimes. H. Colleen Chair: Steven D. Penrod Sinclair, Eugene Borgita, Brigid Goss, Jessica The Role of Death Qualification in Venirepersons’ Evalu- Hartman, & Jeffrey Osterhout ations of Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances Racial Discrimination and Harassment: A View from in Capital Trials. Brooke M. Butler & Gary Moran Psychology. Robert T. Carter & Janet E. Helms Beyond Death-Qualification: Exploring the Effects of At- The Effects of Attribution of Responsibility and Work titudes Toward the Death Penalty on Capital Sentenc- History on Perceptions of Reasonable Accommoda- ing Verdicts. Kevin O’Neil, Marc Patry, & Steven Penrod tions. Tara Mitchell & Margaret Bull Kovera Deliberating on Dangerousness in Capital Sentencing: Are Mock Jurors More Influenced by Expert Actu- Child Eyewitness Testimony, Texas 5 arial or Clinical Predictions of Dangerousness? Chair: Bette L. Bottoms Daniel Krauss, Dae Ho Lee, & Deborah Hall Children’s Lie-telling to Conceal Their Parents’ Trans- Dangerous Decisions: Predicting Juror’s Judgments of gression: Legal implications. Victoria Talwar, Kang Risk in Death Penalty Cases. Aletha M. Claussen Lee, Nicholas Bala, & R. C. L. Lindsay Schulz, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod, & Inviting Child Witnesses to Speculate: The Effect of Matthew J. Moehr Interaction and Source Monitoring. Nadja Schreiber & Janet F. Parker Interviewing/Suggestibility, Texas 6 Adults Assessments of Children’s Testimonial Confi- Chair: Ronald P. Fisher dence and Accuracy. Bette L. Bottoms, Aaron G. Re-conceptualizing Children’s Suggestibility: Bi-direc- Rudnicki, & Kari L. Nysse-Carris tional and Temporal Properties. Livia Gilstrap Using the Cognitive Interview as a Source Monitoring Evaluation of Different Police Interview Training Mod- Interview for Child Eyewitnesses: The Sex of the Child els: The Cognitive Interview. Nadja Schreiber & Matters. Michelle McCauley & Courtney Quish Ronald P. Fisher The Efficacy of the Sociocognitive Interview for Inves- Capital Cases & Death Penalty II, Texas 6 tigative Interviewing. Kay Bussey Chair: Donald P. Judges Will the Truth Really Set You Free? Memory Effects of Exploring Jury Decision-making In Death Penalty Cases. Coerced-internalized False Confessions as Explained Marc W. Patry & Steven D. Penrod by the Source Monitoring Framework. Kimberly A. Evaluating Juror Instruction Comprehension in Capital J. Coffman & Linda A. Henkel Cases: A Meta-Analytic Review. Aletha Claussen- Schulz, Steven D. Penrod, & Kevin M. O’Neil 10:00-10:50 Lifetime Contribution Award to Donald Bersoff Execution of Individuals With Mental Retardation: A School Children, Social Science, and the Supreme Psycholegal Analysis of Cumulative Cognitive Im- Court. Donald Bersoff, Texas 1 pairment. Karen C. Kalmbach & Phillip Lyons Scared to Death II: Capital Punishments Dehumanizing Paper Session Effect on Mental Health Professionals. Donald P. Psychopathy in Youth II, Texas 3 Judges & Ben J. Altheimer Chair: Richard Rogers Legal and Empirical Analysis of Societal Standards in The Psychopathy Screening Device: An Examination the Context of Capital Punishment. Robert Schopp of its Construct and Criterion Validity. Michael J. Vitacco, Richard Rogers, & Craig S. Neumann 11:00-11:50 Presidential Address Texas 1 Prototypical Analysis of Adolescent Psychopathy: The Some Questions for our Field. Thomas L. Litwack Juvenile Justice Perspective. Keith R. Cruise, Phillip M. Lyons, Lori L. Hauser, & Michael D. Baker Paper Session The Reliability and Convergent Validity of Three Re- Offender Dangerousness, Texas 2 cently Developed Measures of Child Psychopathy. Chair: Christopher Slobogin Diana M. Falkenbach, Norman Poythress, Kevin S. Hendricks and the “inability to control” Dangerousness. Douglas, Sarah E. Spain, & Monica K. Epstein Cynthia Mercado, Marc W. Pearce & Robert Schopp Screening for Adolescent Psychopathy Among At-Risk The Psychometric Integrity of Violence and Injury As- Youth: Initial Validation of the Survey of Attitudes sessment. Robert Christopher & Alan Hopewell and Life Experiences (SALE). Richard Rogers, Michael Methods of Assessing “Madness”: Factors Associ- Vitacco, Keith R. Cruise, & Kenneth W. Sewell ated with Mock Jurors’ Decisions in Insanity Cases. Marc W. Pearce & Jennifer L. Groscup Prejudice, Discrimination, and Juries, Texas 2 A Jurisprudence of Dangerousness. Christopher Slobogin Chair: Matthew M. Patton

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 19 Threats, Harassment, and Terrorism, Texas 5 The Missing Link in Suggestibility Research: What do Chair: Judy Platania We Know About the Behavior of Field Interviewers A Large Scale Study of Problematic Contacts Toward in Unstructured Interviews with Young Children? The U.S. Congress. Mario J. Scalora, Jeremy V. Livia Gilstrap Baumgartner, William Zimmerman, & David Interviewer Practices and Questioning Styles as a Func- Callaway tion of the Age of the Child and the Number of Prior Profiling the Hostage Taker: An Investigation of Acts Interviews. Melissa F. Hayden, Amye R.Warren, Beth of Unlawful Confinement in Male Canadian Offend- Morris, & Misty Manges ers. Alicia Spidel, Hugues F. Herve, Barry S. Coo- Age Differences in Young Children’s Response to Open- per, Derek Mitchell, & Robert D. Hare Ended Invitations in the Course of Forensic Inter- Terrorism and Authoritarianism: A Test of This Trait views. Michael E. Lamb, Kathleen J. Sternberg, & Authoritarianism. Judy Platania, Garrett L. Berman, Yael Orbach, Phillip W. Esplin, Heather Stewart, & & James Loveland Susanne Mitchell The Impact of Mental Illness Symptomatology on Char- The Use of Time Line Representations in Forensic Interview- acteristics of State Government Security Cases. ing of Children. Lindsay C. Malloy & Debra A. Poole Jerome V. Baumgartner, Jason Krebs, Mario J. Discussant: Maggie Bruck Scalora, Gary L. Plank Using Structured Professional Judgment for Violence Deception, Texas 6 Risk Assessment: New Applications and Research Chair: Charles Honts Directions, Texas 5 Strategies of Impression Management Among High- Chair: Kevin S. Douglas and Low-Motivated Deceivers and Truth-Tellers: Complexities and Uncertainties in Violence Risk As- How Liars Attempt to Convince. Kevin Colwell sessment. Stephen D. Hart Will the Truth Come Out? The Effect of Deception, Age, Structured Professional Judgment of Risk by Non-Men- Status, Coaching and Social Skills on CBCA Scores. tal Health Professionals. P. Randall Kropp Aldert Vrij, Lucy Akehurst, Ray Bull, & Stavroula The HCR-20 Violence Risk Assessment Scheme: New Soukara Developments and Data. Kevin S. Douglas General Acceptance of the Polygraph by the Scientific Developing a Structured Professional Judgment Risk Community. Charles Honts Instrument for Use with Adolescents. Randy Borum The Knowledge and Training of Law Enforcement Of- & Patrick Bartel ficers in Detecting Deception: Suggestions for Im- proving Accuracy. Lori L. Hauser The Impact of Juror Discussions During Trial: The Nonverbal Indicators of Deception: A Meta-analytic Arizona Jury Project, Texas 1 Synthesis. Siegfried L. Sporer & Barbara Schwandt Chair: Shari Diamond Introduction to the Arizona Jury Project. Neil J. Vidmar 1:00-2:20 Saleem Shaw Award Recipient Eric Silver Assessing Juror Discussion about the Case. Leslie Ellis Mental Disorder & Violence: A Focus on Contexts Assessing Prejudgment during Discussions. Mary R.. Rose Large and Small. Eric Silver, Texas 6 Assessing Policing and Reservatins during discusssions. Neil J. Vidmar Symposium Session Assessing Voring Patterns in the Wake of Discussions. Initial Findings from an Intensive Follow-up of Violent Shari Diamond Mental Patients: Patterns of Community Violence, Discussants: Paula Hannaford & Hon. Michael Brown Texas 3 Chair: Edward P. Mulvey 2:30-3:50 Symposium Session An Actuarial Method for Identifying Repeatedly Vio- Violence Risk Assessment: Evidenced Based Prac- lent Patients. Jennifer E. Skeem tice and Cutting Edge Issues, Texas 1 Recruiting and Sustaining: Methods for Getting Weekly Chair: Kirk Heilbrun Community Interviews with Repeatedly Violent Pa- Speakers: Thomas L. Litwack, Stephen D. Hart, Marnie tients. Carol Schubert & Charles Lidz Rice, John Monahan Finding Patterns of Contagious and Cathartic Violence. William Gardner Pretrial Publicity Effects: New Directions, Texas 5 Characteristics of Patients with Different Patterns of Chair: Steven D. Penrod Violence. Edward P. Mulvey The Influence of Level of Incriminating Evidence on Discussant: Norman G. Poythress Pretrial Publicity Effects. Nancy Steblay, Heather Klempp, Tamara Jerde, & Stacy Sellers Forensic Interviews With Young Children: Continu- Pre-trial Publicity and Civil Cases: A Two-Way Street. ing Challenges and Controversies, Texas 2 Brian Bornstein, Brooke L. Whisenhunt, Robert J. Chairs: Amye R. Warren & Debra A. Poole Nemeth, & Deborah L. Dunaway Offsetting the Biasing Effects of Pretrial Publicity: Al-

Page 20 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 ternatives to Traditional Legal Safeguards. Meera & Richard Rogers Adya, Christina Studebaker, & Steven D. Penrod Malingering of Head Injury on Neuropsychological Instru- Discussant: Sol Fulero ments: A Meta-Analytic Review. Lynne Sullivan Saari

A Roundtable Discussion of Disability Issues: Emerg- Risk Assessment, Texas 3 ing Issues for Psycholegal Research, Texas 2 Chair: Ira K. Packer Chair: Alan Tomkins Use of Violence Risk Assessment Instruments: A Na- Research Activities in South Carolina. Dan Small tional Survey. Ira K. Packer Research Activities in North Carolina. Eric Elbogen, Forecasting Recidivism With Ordinary Record Variables. Jeff Swanson, & Marvin Swartz Gregg J. Gagliardi, David Lovell, & Paul D. Peterson Research Activities in Iowa and Beyond. Peter Blanck, Predicting Sexual Violence: The Relative Contribution Leonard Sandler, James Schmeling, David Klein, of Structured Methods. Matthew Huss, Mario J. Kevin Schartz, & Helen Schartz Scalora, Jerry Baumgartner, & Richard Soto Research Activities in Nebraska. Alan Tomkins, Nancy Trait Shame as a Moderator of Pathological Narcissism Shank, & Jamee Wolfe and Relationship Violence. Nicole Hooper & Stanley L. Brodsky Responding To Delinquency: Innovative Models of Ser- vice from the Miami-Dade National Demonstration Psychopathy, Texas 5 Project, Texas 3 Chair: Steve Porter Chair: Norman G. Poythress Characteristics of Violent Behavior Exhibited During The Social, Political and Organizational Context for the Sexual Homicides by Psychopathic and Non-Psycho- National Demonstration Project. Cdr Wansley Walters pathic Murderers. Steve Porter The Haitian Community in Miami Dade County and a Gender-Role Socialization, Depression, and Psychop- Review of the Literature on Juvenile Delinquency athy in a University Sample. Marian Erian Ghebrial among Haitian Youth. Mario De La Rosa, Richard Psychopathy in a Noninstitutionalized Population: The Beaulaurier, & Velmarie L. Albertini Role of Protective Factors. David DeMatteo, Kirk Preventing Delinquency in Younger Siblings of Seri- Heilbrun, & Geoffrey Marczyk ous and Habitual Juvenile Offenders: The SHOCAP Psychopathy and the Americans with Disabilities Act. Siblings Project of Miami-Dade County. Paul J. Frick Craig Lareau Using Risk Assessment Approaches to Develop a First Arrest Diversion Program. Patricia Griffin Juror Decision Making, Texas 6 Discussant: Richard Dembo Chair: Edgar A. Granillo Effects of Ethnicity, SES, and Stereotypical-Congruent Developing, Implementing, and Empirically Evaluating or Stereotypical-Incongruent Crimes on Juror Deci- a Court-Mandated Treatment Program for Female sion-Making. Russ Espinoza & Cynthia Willis Esqueda Juvenile Offenders, Texas 6 Town vs. Gown: A Direct Comparison of Community Chair/Discussant: Naomi E. Goldstein Residents and Student Mock Jurors. Edgar A. Status of Girls in the U.S. Justice System: Constance Granillo, Marmon M. Hosch, & V. Anne Tubb Mesiarik, Naomi E. Goldstein, and Kimberly Picarello Lay Perceptions of Property and Nuisance: Do Intui- Treatment Needs of Girls in the Juvenile Justice Sys- tions Match Legal Doctrine? Jeremy Blumenthal tem: Oluseyi Olubadewo, Naomi E. Goldstein, and Jennifer Weil APLS Business Meeting, Texas 6 An Empirically-based, Court-mandated, Girls’ Treatment Program: Naomi E. Goldstein & Carolyn Appleton 5:00-6:00 POSTER SESSION, Texas 1-4 Initial Outcome Research for a Court-mandated Inten- sive Day Treatment Program for Female Juvenile Of- 6:20-8:00 Sunday, March 10 fenders. Douglas Osman, Naomi E. Goldstein, & Book Exhibition: Texas Foyer West & Central Foyer Marchelle Thomson Collaborating with Community Based Organizations to 8:00-12:00 Hospitality Room, Big Thicket Create Gender-competent Programs. Darren Spielman, Naomi E. Goldstein, & Martha Strachan 8:00-12:00 Symposium Session Current Status of the Miller Forensic Assessment of 4:00-4:50 Paper Session 9:00-10:20 Symptoms Test (M-FAST): Studies on Validity, Texas 2 Malingering and Deception, Texas 2 Chair: Holly A. Miller Chair: Richard Rogers Overview of the Miller Forensic Assessment of Symp- Advances in the Assessment of Malingering: A Meta- toms Test (M-FAST): Where It’s Been, Where It’s analysis of the MMPI-2. Richard Rogers, Michael Going. Holly A. Miller Vitacco, & Kenneth W. Sewell An Investigation of the M-FAST in an Inpatient Psy- The Effectiveness of Atypical Presentation Scales at chiatric Population. J. Ray Hays & Alisha Wagner Detecting Feigned Incompetence. Nicole Grandjean AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 21 Examination of the M-FAST and Clinical Opinion in a The Effectiveness of OPC: Interpreting New Empirical Forensic Psychiatric Population. Steve LaRowe Research. Marvin Swartz The Ability of the M-FAST to Detect Diagnosis-Spe- OPC and Therapeutic Jurisprudence. Bruce Winick cific Malingering. Laura S. Guy, Phylissa P. Kwartner, OPC and the Dangerousness Criterion of Commitment: & Holly A. Miller Risk Assessment and Management. Robert Schopp

Psychology Speaks to Current Directions in Social Recent Research and Legal Developments Relating to Policy: Implications for the Provision of Services, the Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege, Texas 1 Texas 5 Chair: Jennifer E. Marsh Chair: Sharon Portwood The Social Science Research Perspective. Jennifer E. Marsh Faith-based Community Development: New Roles for The Military Perspective: The Privilege Codified. Psychologists. Mark A. Small Denise Lind The Potential of Courts as Problem Solvers. Robin The Clinical Perspective. Leon VandeCreek Kimbrough-Melton Discussant/Moderator: Daniel Shuman Information Sharing and Interagency Collaboration to Improve Service Delivery in Juvenile Justice. Lisa Trivits Research in Prisons: Opportunities and Obstacles, Texas 3 The Role of Schools in Promoting Positive Youth De- Chair: David K. Marcus velopment. Sharon G. Portwood The Prison as Archive. John F. Edens Clinical Psychological Research In Prison: Lessons from Client Attitudes and Preferences Regarding Au- Successful and not so Successful Studies. David K. tonomy and Coercion in Treatment, Texas 1 Marcus & Jessica Swank Chair: Marvin Swartz Prison as a Social Psychology Laboratory: Peril and Representative Payees for Persons with Mental Dis- Promise. Rowland S. Miller ability: Prevalence, Process, and Perceived Coercive- Ethical and Legal Issues in Conducting Research in ness. Eric Elbogen Prisons. Phillip M. Lyons, Jr. & Karen C. Kalmbach Attitudes About Psychiatric Advance Directives Among Discussant: Norman G. Poythress Persons With Severe Mental Illness. Jeffrey Swanson Endorsement of Personal Benefit of Outpatient Com- The Uses of Social Science Data in Sexual Harass- mitment Among Persons With Severe Mental Illness. ment Class Action Litigation: A Primer, Texas 5 Marvin Swartz Chair: Louise Fitzgerald Discussant: John Monahan When is a Case A Class? The Use of Social Science Data to Assist in Class Certification Determination in The Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments-II Sexual Harassment Litigation. Louise L. Fitzgerald, and Adolescent Offenders’ Miranda Comprehen- L. L. C. Collinsworth, Melanie S. Harned, C. A. sion, Texas 3 Cohorn, & C. L. Colbert Chair: Naomi E. Goldstein Determining Organizational Tolerance of Sexual Harass- Development and Norming of the Miranda Rights Com- ment: The Use of Social Framework Reports in In- prehension Instruments-II. Naomi E. Goldstein, Lois forming Liability Determination in Class-Action Sexual Oberlander, & Jessica Geier Harassment Litigation. Melanie S. Harned, Louise Validity of the Miranda Rights Comprehension Instru- L. Fitzgerald, C. L. Colbert, & C. A. Cohorn ments-II Scoring Criteria and Attorneys’ Perceptions Social Fact Research As A Method for Determining of Adequate Miranda Comprehension. Constance Damages in Class Action Sexual Harassment Litiga- Mesiarik, Naomi E. Goldstein, & Marchelle Thomson tion. C. A. Cohorn, Louise L. Fitzgerald, C. L. Relationship Between Miranda Rights Comprehension Colbert, & Melanie S. Harned and Mental Health Symptoms. Oluseyi Olubadewo, Naomi E. Goldstein, Carolyn Appleton, & Martha Strachan Sexual Abuse, Sexual Deviations, and Sexual Discrimi- Adolescent Offenders’ Demographic Characteristics, nation, Texas 2 Miranda Rights Comprehension, and False Confes- Chair: Thomas Lyon sions: Douglas Osman, Marchelle Thomson, Naomi E. Disclosure Patterns with a Structured Sexual Abuse In- Goldstein, Jennifer Weil, Lois Oberlander, & Jessica Geier terview. Thomas Lyon Discussant: Thomas Grisso Impact of Defendants Sexual Orientation and Juror Homopho- bia and Fear of AIDS on Adjudication. Marla Domino Symposium Session Differentiating Hebephiles and Pedophiles: An Exami- Outpatient Commitment as Treatment Delivery and nation of Self-Reported Levels and Implicit Measures 10:30-11:50 Risk Management: Legal Justification and Empiri- of Attraction, Viewing Time of Stimuli, and Memory cal Verification, Texas 6 for Faces. Amy M. Hartley, John Eisler, & Larry Chair: Robert Schopp Neidigh OPC: Effective Treatment Delivery, Statutory Reform, Poster Session - Saturday, March and Applied Problems of Implementation. Ken Kress 9 Page 22 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Winner’s Circle: Posters for the first, second, and third place winners of the APLS/Div.41 Dissertation Awards will be announced.

1. Psychosocial Maturity Study 1: A Preliminary Report of the Association with Self-Report of Delinquent Behavior. Keith R. Cruise, Heather L. Hall, Amy E Amenta, & Tanisha Douglas 2. Psychosocial Maturity Study II: A Preliminary Report of the Association with Cognitive Factors in the Comprehension and Under- standing of the Miranda Warning. Keith R. Cruise, Jacqueline K. Buffington-Vollum, Amy M. Hartley, & Sharon L. Kenemore 3. Clinical Assessments of Risk for Sexual Violence: A Normative Study of Risk Communication Practices. Kelley A. Watt, Jessica A. Klaver, Stephen D. Hart, & Randall P Kropp 4. Dimensions of Psychopathy in Youth: Testing the Two- and Three-Factor Models. Alecia A. Zalot, Randall T. Salekin, and Anne-Marie Liestico 5. A New Look at The Role of Maturity in Juvenile Waiver Decisions: A Legal Analysis of Reverse Waiver. Phillip M. Lyons, Lori L. Hauser, Laura S. Guy, & Michaela A. Merrill 6. Do Students Become More Cynical About the Legal System as a Result of Completing a Psychology-and-Law Course? George B. Hunter & Lawrence S. Wrightman 7. Comprehension of Judicial Instructions about Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances in Death Penalty Cases. Robert Hingula & Lawrence S. Wrightsman 8. The Assessment of Maturity in Juvenile Competency to Stand Trial Evaluations. Nancy Ryba, Virginia G. Galloway, & Patricia A. Zapf 9. Relation Between Source Monitoring and Child Witness Responses to Open-ended Questions about Alleged Abuse. Karen L. Thierry, Michael E. Lamb, & Yael Orbach 10. Children’s Memory and Suggestibility for a Real-Life and Video Event. Karen L. Thierry & Melanie J. Spence 11. Effects of Prejudicial Pretrial Publicity from Physical and Witness Evidence on Mock Jurors’ Decision Making. Jerry Shaw & Paul Skolnick 12. Ethnicity Differences in Competency to Stand Trial Referral and Assessment. Virginia G. Galloway, Karen L. Hubbard, & Patricia A. Zapf 13. An Investigation of Procedures Used in Competency to Stand Trial Evaluations of Juveniles. Virginia G. Galloway, Nancy Ryba, & Patricia A. Zapf 14. The Impact of Expert Testimony on Mock Jurors’ Reactions to Recovered Memory Cases. Julie A. Buck & Amye R. Warren 15. Psychopathy in Young Offenders. A Comparison of the PCL-YV and PSD. Zina Lee, Stephen D. Hart, & Raymond Corrado 16. Assessing Gender Differences in Competency to Stand Trial Referral and Evaluation. Karen L. Hubbard, Virginia G. Galloway, & Patricia A. Zapf 17. Believability of Expert and Lay Witnesses: A Survey of Public Expectations in Alabama. Marc Boccaccini & Stanley L. Brodsky 18. Influences on Documentation of Violence Risk Factors in Psychiatric Hospitals Influences on Documentation of Violence Risk Factors in Psychiatric Hospitals. Eric Elbogen, Cindy Mercado, Alan Tomkins, & Mario Scalora 19. Sensitivity and Specificity of the PAI in Differentiating Individuals Feigning Depression from Bona Fide Depressed Individuals. Joti Samra, Ronald Roesch, & Alexander Troster 20. Relations Among Suggestibility, Miranda Comprehension, and Legal Competence: Implications for Juvenile Suspects and Defendants. Allison D. Redlich, Melissa Silverman, & Hans Steiner 21. Confidence Inflation in Eyewitnesses: Do Changes in an Eyewitnesss Confidence Report Affect Evaluations of the Eyewitness and the Defendant? Amy L. Bradfield & Dawn E. McQuiston 22. Dropping Out: The Risks Associated with Leaving School Early for Native Canadian Youth in British Columbia. Kimberly van der Woerd & David N. Cox 23. The Influence of Culture on Beliefs about Privacy in Legal Contexts. Alison M. Mashek, Jennifer S. Hunt, & Chandra A. Ruff 24. The Use of Third Party Information in Juvenile Forensic Mental Health Assessment. Kim Picarello & Kirk Heilbrun 25. Being Persuaded to Give Up a Constitutional Right: Psychological Aspects of Consenting to a Warrantless Vehicle Search. Tiffany J. Lopez & Jack C. Brigham 26. Effects of Defendant Remorse Level and Type of Excuse Defense on Mock Jurors’ Decision Making. Kristin A. Seidner & Wendy P. Heath 27. Association Between Actuarial Instruments and Structured Clinical Judgments of Risk for Sexual Violence. Jessica Klaver, Kelly Watt, P. Randall Kropp, & Stephen D. Hart 28. Cultural and Racial Variability in Beliefs about the Legal System and Legal Participation. Chandra A. Ruff, Jennifer S. Hunt, & Alison M. Mashek 29. Neurocognitive Functioning in the Prediction of Medication Noncompliance. Leah Osborn, William Spaulding, Mark Vangen, & Myla Browne 30. The Role of Preexisting Stress on False Confessions: An Empirical Study. Krista Forrest, Theresa Wadkins, & Richard Miller 31. Survey Regarding Polygraph Testing of Juveniles by Law Enforcement. Ron Craig 32. The Utility of the RMCT-II in Detecting Individuals Feigning Depression-Related Cognitive Deficits. Joti Samra 33. Is Punitiveness in Fetal Abuse Cases Influenced by the Race and/or SES Status of the Alleged Abuser? Monica McCoy 34. Structural Bias in Eyewitness Lineups: When Does the Suspect “stand out”? Kim Gaitens, Laura Zimmerman, Dawn McQuiston, & Roy Malpass 35. Recommendations For Eyewitness Evidence Procedures: The View From The Street. James M. Lampinen, Donald P. Judges, & Timothy N. Odegood 36. Characteristics of Post-Release Inmates Escaping from Community Correctional Placements. Barbara Mrozoski, Ralph Fretz, Eric Silver, Robert Mackey, Michael Oliver, & Kirk Heilbrun 37. How Can the Psycho-Legal Research Community Inform Public Guardianship?: Current Research and Recommendations for the Future. Annette McGaha 38. The Relationship of Offense-Related Alcohol Use to Child Molester Offending Behavior. Jason A. Krebs, Jerome V. Baumgartner,

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 23 Mario J. Scalora, & Gary L. Plank 39. Attributions of Responsibility for an Athlete Accused of Rape. Heather S. Hyme & Linda A. Foley 40. The Effects of Mortality Salience on Instructions to Disregard Inadmissible Evidence. Joel Lieberman, Jamie Arndt, & Alison Cook 41. The Objection To Objections: Attentional Cues and Jurors’ Use of Forbidden Information. Molly J. Walker Wilson & Barbara A. Spellman 42. A Gender-Based Incidence Study of Workplace Violence In Psychiatric and Forensic Settings. Mary Hatch-Maillette, Christmas N. Covell, & Mario J. Scalora 43. The Effects of Mode of Description on Eyewitness Accuracy and Confidence. Kimberley A. McClure, Natasha A. Rainbolt, & Amy Korth 44. Perceptions of Workplace Violence in Psychiatric Settings: Does Gender Play a Role? Mary Hatch-Maillette, Mario J. Scalora, & Brian Bornstein 45. Gender Differences in Perceptions of Sexual Harassment in the Workplace. Jason Ritt, Douglas Peters, & Cheryl Terrance 46. The Influence of Harassment Severity, Frequency, and Company Response on Juror Decisions. Stacie A. Cass & Margaret Bull Kovera 47. The Criminal Schema: Content and Origins. Vivian Herrera, M. Kimberly MacLin, Roy S. Malpass 48. A Replication and Reinterpretation of Dunning and Stern (1994). Andrea W. Reed, Robert Smith, Richard Metzger & David Ross 49. Revisiting the Psychometric Properties of the Competence Assessment for Standing Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation (CAST-MR). Steven Simon & Candyce Sparks 50. Assessing Treatment Response of Juvenile Sexual Offenders in a Residential Treatment Facility. Gregory L. Page & Mario J. Scalora 51. Making Punitive Damage Instructions More Comprehensible. Christine M. Shea Adams & Edith Greene 52. Battered Women Who Kill and Expert Testimony: Looking Beyond the Battered Woman Syndrome. Cheryl Terrance & Alison Davis 53. Method and Gender as Determinants of Perceptions of Juvenile Culpability. Samantha Sydnor, Jill Antonishak, & Jennifer Tweed 54. Appelate Decisions on Change of Venue Motions: No Luck the Second Time Around. Amy J. Posey 55. Videotaped Confessions: Does Camera Perspective Influence Judgmental Accuracy? G. Daniel Lassiter, Andrew L. Geers, Patrick J. Munhall, & Melissa J. Beers 56. Testing the Effects of Lineup Administrator Knowledge in Simultaneous and Sequential Lineups. Melissa B. Russano, Jason J. Dickinson, Stacie A. Cass, Margaret Bull Kovera, & Brian L. Cutler 57. Drawing To Remember: Facilitating Young Children’s Memory Reports. Beth Schwartz-Kenney, Kimberly Cuevas, Kristin Whitacre, & Patrice Esson 58. Emotion and Verdict: Impact Depends on the Measure of Emotion. Rosalie P. Kern & Terry M. Libkuman 59. Can They Both be Wrong? Accuracy of Multiple Witnesses. Maria Krioukova, Ronald P. Fisher, Ryann M. Haw, Alejandra Funes, & Jessica Nathan 60. The Effects of Type of Crime and Prior Conviction Evidence on Jurors’ Verdicts. Natasha Rainbolt & K. A. McClure 61. A Discussion of Appeal Court Decisions on Issues of Misapprehension of Evidence and Children’s Credibility. Olga Nikonova 62. Psychopathy in Female Inmates: Structure Modeling and the Prediction of Violence. Janet I Warren, Mandi Burnette, Susan Carol South, Preeti Chauhan, Risha Bale, Roxanne Friend, & Isaac Van Patten 63. Attempts to Reduce the Own-Race Bias With Incentive. Julie A. Buck, Heather S. Hyme, & John C. Brigham 64. Opinion Formation and Clinical Judgement in Evaluating Legal Sanity at the Time of the Offense. Janet Warren, Preeti Chauhan, Daniel Murrie, & William Stejskal 65. Factor Structure of the PCL-R in Megan’s Law Risk Assessments: Two vs. Three Factors. Christopher Weaver, Luciano Tristan, Robert G. Meyer, & James VanNort 66. The Interrelationship of Psychopathy, Sexual Fantasy, and Criminal Thinking Patterns in Sex Offenders. Richard D. Soto, Stephanie L. Bruhn, Mario J. Scalora, & Matt T. Huss 67. Criminality Schemas: Implications for Eyewitness Identification. M. Kimberly MacLin, Roy S. Malpass, V. Herrera, & B. Juntunen 68. Juveniles Tried as Adults: The Effect of Mitigating Factors and Gender on Jurors’ Decisions. Narina Nunez, Mindy Dahl, Connie Tang, & Brittney Jensen 69. The Effect of Coping Styles on Prison Adjustment. Jennifer L. Boothby, Carl B. Cements, & Beverly E. Thorn 70. Adjustment to Prison by Female Drug Offenders. Ann Booker Loper & Melanie E. Kramer 71. Expert Witnesses Under Attack: Jurors’ Differential Use of Inadmissible Evidence and the Heuristic Systematic Model. Melanie Rogers, Ryan Winter, Richard L. Wiener, & Naomi Abend 72. The Effects of Defendant Accounts on Damage Award Decisions. Tracey R. Carpenter & Margaret Bull Kovera 73. The Influence of Early Screening Information on Juvenile Justice Detention Decisions. Angela L. Williams & Victoria Weisz 74. Teen Offenders and Work: A View from the Bench.. Angela L. Williams, Jennifer Connor, & Victoria Weisz 75. The Impact of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Police Officers on Mentally Retarded Individuals in the Criminal Justice System. Allyson Bennett, Alix McLearen, Patricia A. Zapf, & B. K. Powers 76. The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): Normative Data for Three Groups of Federal Inmates. Jennifer L. Boothby, Nicole T. Jones, Edward E. Landis III 77. Development of a Scale to Predict Release of Insanity Acquittees. Alix McLearen, Michelle Barnett, & James Hooper 78. The Effect of Offender and Offense Variables on Length of Incarceration Among Convicted Child Molesters. Jerome V. Baumgartner, Jason A. Krebs, Mario J. Scalora, & Gary L. Plank 79. Assessing Risk of Future Delinquency and Violence from a Developmental Perspective: A Review of the Theoretical Rationale. Therese Sorrell & Ronald Roesch 80. The Effects of Plain Language Drafting on Layperson’s Comprehension of Class Action Notices. Shannon Wheatman

Page 24 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 81. The Effects of Witness Confidence and Explicit Instructions on Mock Jurors’ Ability to Detect Deception. Veronica S. Arnold, Amye R. Warren, Toni Carpenter, Brandi Mangan, Carnita McKeithen, & Laura Zmuda 82. Attitudes Toward Battered Women and Mock Juror Verdicts in Trials of Battered Women Who Killed Their Spouses. Adam A. Powell, Kristen Nilsen, & Lawrence S. Wrightsman 83. Are Alternative Schools Effective?: Factors that Need to be Considered in Determining the Efficacy of Alternative Education Programs. Heather M. Hulse 84. The Perceived Impact of Heterosexual and Same-Gender Stalking. Jennifer Guriel, William Fremouw, & Holly Filcheck 85. Ethical Considerations Regarding Youth Interrogation and False Confession Rates. Jessica Meyer 86. Incarceration and Learned Helplessness: A Longitudinal Study. David K. Marcus, Sarah Lehman Keiser, & Phillip M. Lyons 87. Crime Victims Serving as Jurors: Is There Bias Present? Scott E. Culhane & Harmon M Hosch 88. Procedural Justice in Families of Delinquent and Nondelinquent Adolescents. Jennifer Luescher, Mark Fondacaro, & Penny McNatt 89. Factors Associated with Defensiveness in Convicted Sex Offenders. Jodi Viljoen & Ronald Roesch 90. The Relationship of Childhood Abuse Histories to Levels of Anger Among Incarcerated Women. Melanie Kramer & Ann Loper 91. Effect of Eyewitness Collaboration on Recall and Identification. Lauren R. Shapiro & Amanda West 92. Is Eyewitness Identification Special? A Unified View of Human Memory. Brynn C. Nodarse & Steven E. Clark 93. Living in Prison: Evaluating the Deprivation and Importation Models of Adaptation. Lisa Velarde, Christopher Bellah, & Tiffany Williamson 94. Criminal Self-Presentation on the Internet. Bianca Moehlmann & F. James Billings 95. Child Custody Evaluations with Gay and Lesbian Parents: Special Considerations. Marcus C. Tye 96. Analysis of Miranda Reading Levels Across Jurisdictions: Implications for Evaluating Waiver Competency. Jeffrey L. Helms & Stephen G. Davis 97. Effects of Defendant and Juror Ethnicity on Mock Juror Verdicts. Avneet Sidhu, Sonia Chopra, & James R. P. Ogloff 98. Effects of Ingratiation During Attorney-conducted Voire Dire. David Cannon & Stanley Brodsky 99. Psychological Distress and Substance Abuse in Law Students: The Role of Moral Orientation and Interpersonal Style. Lynda L. Murdoch, James R. P. Ogloff, David Cox, & James Hemphill 100. Comparing Those Who Falsely Confess to Those Who Do Not: The Role of Suggestibility in the False Confession Laboratory Paradigm. Krista Forrest, Theresa Wadkins, & Richard Miller 101. Should Expert Opinion Testimony On Insanity Be Admitted Into Evidence Under The Federal Rules? Implications for Practice Under the Revised Federal Rules of Evidence (2001) and Applicable U. S. Supreme Court Decisions. Joe Wheeler Dixon 102. A Social Explanation: Why Do Children Produce Greater False Positive Identifications than Adults? Joanna D. Pozzulo & Kelly L. Warren 103. Childrens’ Memory for a Mildly Stressful Event: What is Helpful? Annika Melinder 104. What’s Hot, What’s Not? The Last 50 Years in Psychology and Law. Susan L. Amato & Rosalie P. Kern 105. Physical Attractiveness of Trial Participants and Jury Decisions. Michael Griffin, Carrie Smith, Kristin Lion, & Kelly Shaver 106. False Reports of Childhood Events: Social Pressure and Dissociation. James Ost, Samantha Foster, Alan Costall, & Ray Bull 107. False Confessions of Childhood? A Model for Understanding How Retractors Make and then Repudiate Claims of Sexual Abuse? James Ost, Alan Costall, & Ray Bull 108. Source-Monitoring Deficits in High Dissociative Individuals May Depend on How Questions Are Asked. Jianjian Qin & Marcia K. Johnson 109. Attitudes Toward Law Enforcement and Mock Jurors’ Reactions to an Entrapment Defense. Kellee A. Butler & Lawrence S. Wrightsman 110. The Historical Use of Recalled, Previously Repressed Memories of Sexual Abuse in the Courtroom: A Brief Review of the Literature. Jennifer P. Stergion 111. The Use of Psychological Data in Court Decisions: Varying Perspectives. Peter W. Tuerk 112. Reporting Trends for Harassing and Threatening Contacts Toward a State Legislature. Sarah P. Newell, Mario J. Scalora, & Heather Slawson 113. Eyewitness Expert Testimony: Recency and a Judge’s Reminder Can Make It Work for the Defense. Michael R. Leippe, Donna Eisenstadt, Lisa M. Votraw, John L. Hicks, , & Shannon M. Rauch 114. Slow Elimination Lineups: Are Twelve Members Better Than Six? V. Heather Fritzley & R. C. L. Lindsay 115. Expert Testimony in Child Sexual Abuse Cases: The Effects of Evidence, Coherence, and Credibility. Bianca Klettke & Art Graesser 116. The Unique Correlates of Child Molesting: A Preliminary Analysis of Adolescents. Michael Miner, Dianne Berg, & Rosemary Munns 117. Jury Decisions in Sexual Harassment Case: Prior Complaints by Plaintiff and Against Defendant. Linda Presnell & Linda Foley 118. The Effects of a Child Advocacy Center on the Prosecution of Child Sexual Abuse. Angela L. Williams, Victoria Weisz, & Eve Brank 119. Clinician Characteristics and Violence Risk Assessment in Psychiatric Hospitals. Eric Elbogen, Marc Patry, Alan Tomkins, & Mario Scalora 120. Convenience Sampling in Basic and Applied Social Psychology Research. Kari L. Nysse-Carris & Tamara M. Haegerioh 121. Does the Use of Medical Decision Aids Protect a Physician from Determinations of Malpractice? Hal R. Arkes

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 25 Expert Opinion

The Question: What are the issues attendant to assuming dual or multiple roles with clients or patients? Specifically, if a psychologist is involved in a divorce and/or child custody case, what are the parameters circumscribing the work to be done?

The Response is from Florence W. Kaslow, Ph.D. Dr. Kaslow is triple Board Certified as a Diplomate in Forensic, Clinical and Family Psychology by ABPP. She was the first President of the American Board of Forensic Psychology and is the immediate Past President of the American Board of Family Psychology. She is a Visiting Professor of Medical Psychology in Psychiatry at Duke University Medical Center and a Visiting Professor of Psychology at Florida Institute of Technology. She is in private practice in West Palm Beach, Florida and also spends a great deal of time writing, editing, consulting and guest lecturing.

Column Editor: Mary Connell, Ed.D., A.B.P.P.

There are a number of different roles psychologists may be - to make their own decisions; asked to undertake in divorce and child custody cases. Be- - to seek a constructive rather than a destructive divorce; cause the decisions in these cases affect numerous lives for - to make choices in the best interest of the children; many years to come, they should be truly based on “the best interest of the child” as determined, preferably, by the par- How we approach bringing this about differs. As a therapist ents. If they cannot agree, then input should be sought from I take into account their personalities; the history and nature those professionals best equipped to do the kind of assess- of their relationship; the facts and the feelings about what is ment that will yield the data a judge needs to approve, or if transpiring; the hurt sense of loss and sometimes desire to necessary, to formulate a wise parenting and visitation plan. retaliate; the anger over their spouse’s affair, and their dis- tress over being rejected and humiliated. In mediation the A psychologist may be approached to objective is much more focused - it is to help the couple - serve as the child’s therapist and/or the family’s therapist; formulate an agreement on all of the pertinent issues, often - conduct a custody evaluation and submit a report to the including the property settlement and spousal and child sup- court; port provisions, with full knowledge of the tax consequences - do a mediation between the separating partners; of different possible arrangements. Yet a mediator must do - serve as an expert witness who provides information on this in such a way as to not leave him or herself open to such topics as child development, children’s needs and reac- accusations of practicing law. tions to divorce, and the impact of continuing parental con- flict vs. cooperation on the children. Whether one partner has had an affair or is being accused of having shortchanged the marriage in other ways is gener- In the APA Code of Ethics (1992) we are cautioned not to ally not considered relevant in mediation. This is about the practice beyond our competence. To shift between the four past and evokes the tyranny of blaming. Rather, the objec- roles mentioned above, one would have to be trained and tive is to negotiate, in good faith, in the here and now, and to well qualified in each of the functions they assume. Even if forge the best possible agreement for this family for the the clinician, mediator, forensic expert, or child custody evalu- present and the future. ator is multifaceted in competence, it is NOT prudent to un- dertake more than one role in any given case. At the risk of The mind set of the therapist and the mediator are therefore being personal, let me illustrate very specifically. If I have somewhat different and any attempt to function in both con- been the therapist for a couple who originally presented os- currently or sequentially is contraindicated. Such involvement tensibly seeking marital therapy, who then decide they want causes dual relationships, role ambiguity, and leads to great to get divorced rather than stay together, and they choose to confusion for all involved. Although client centered media- mediate rather than to litigate, I can not become their media- tion can produce substantial emotional growth, that is not its tor, even if they express a strong desire for me to do so. objective. Similarly, good therapy can predispose the parting Although therapy and mediation share some common goals, partners to mediate in order to achieve a win-win rather than such as being concerned about fairness and an equitable a win/lose resolution, but this is an extra bonus and not the solution and empowering the parties: raison d’etre for the therapy.

Page 26 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Similarly, the functions of a child custody evaluator and a One must guard against the flattery of clients who say “but I forensic expert witness are quite definitive. The first is to trust you and only want you to do (whatever function is ascertain data through clinically interviewing and testing the needed)”. It is a good idea to maintain a list of colleagues involved parties - preferably the parents and parent surro- with competence in each of the above four arenas to whom gates as well as the children (APA, 1994; Schwartz & Kaslow, one can make referrals, when the need arises. Also, if one 1997) and to prepare a report summarizing findings for sub- has shifted out of the original role, such as therapist, it is not mission to the attorney who requested the evaluation or to prudent to try to return to that role in the future with these the court, if one is serving in an amicus role. same patients.

When serving as an expert witness one’s purpose is to present This arena of practice can be a minefield since separations information that is state of the art. Having been the therapist are painful, the parties are distraught, and some are litigious. or mediator, one will have formed opinions (diagnoses) about The battle is about children and money as well as assuaging the persons involved and these can too easily color or bias what a sense of failure and sometimes a need to blame and retali- should be information obtained and presented objectively. ate for the hurt. The professional is not immune from pos- sible fallout. One must be careful not to exceed his or her If one is requested to do a child custody evaluation for too competence or to undertake dual or multiple roles in these few hours or be offered a fee that is not sufficient compen- troubled and troubling cases and thereby become a separate sation, it is often best to decline as one can not perform suf- target of litigation. ficient testing and adequate test interpretation upon which to References base the evaluation and report. One should also refrain from American Psychological Association (I 992). Ethical Prin- going beyond the data and should only make recommenda- ciples of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. Wash. D.C.: APA tions geared to improving parenting skills and visitation plans. American Psychological Association(1994). Guidelines for In my opinion and in that of many other, but not all, forensic Child Custody Evaluations in Divorce. Wash.D.C.: Author experts, we should not answer the ultimate question, who Schwartz, L.L. & Kaslow, F.W. (1997). Painful Partings: Divorce and its Aftermath. New York: Wiley. should have primary custody? This is for the judge to decide.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND COMMITTEE CHAIRS • President Stephen Hart [email protected] • Past-President Stephen Penrod [email protected] • President-Elect Randy Otto [email protected] • Secretary Christina Studebaker [email protected] • Treasurer Margaret Bull Kovera [email protected] • Member-at-Large Edie Greene [email protected] • Member-at-Large Norm Finkel [email protected] • Member-at-Large Melissa Warren [email protected] • Council Representative Mark Small [email protected] • Council Representative Sol Fulero [email protected] • Newsletter Editor Barry Rosenfeld [email protected] • Publications Editor Ron Roesch [email protected] • Law & Human Behavior Editor Rich Wiener [email protected] • AP-LS/APA Liaison • Careers and Training Committee Steve Norton [email protected] • Dissertation Awards Patricia Zapf [email protected] • Educational Outreach Committee Lavita Nadkarni [email protected] • Fellows Committee N. Dickon Reppucci [email protected] • Grants-in-Aid Garrett Berman [email protected] • Committee on Law and Psychology in Corrections Melissa Warren [email protected] Steve Norton [email protected] • Committee on Relations with Other Organizations Wendy Heath [email protected] • Scientific Review Paper Committee Rich Wiener [email protected] • Women in Law Committee Regina Schuller [email protected] Beth Schwartz-Kenney [email protected] • Division Administrative Secretary Cathy Oslzly [email protected] • 2002 APA Program Chair Brian Bornstein [email protected]

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 27 Legal Update cont. from p. 7 be prejudiced by altering his demeanor, fense, the court shall commit the de- ers. The trial court determined that due the court noted, as had the District fendant to the custody of the Attor- to the defendant’s dangerousness, it Court, that defendants do not have an ney General. The Attorney General was unnecessary to engage in a strict absolute right to demonstrate in vivo shall hospitalize the defendant for balancing of the government’s interest all mental states that may have applied treatment in a suitable facility- in bringing the defendant to trial against at the time of an alleged offense. De- (1) for such a reasonable period of the defendant’s constitutional interests. fendants’ are not permitted, for ex- time, not to exceed four months, as In contrast, the D.C. Circuit ample, to become intoxicated for the is necessary to determine whether Court ruled that there was insufficient purpose of demonstrating this condition there is a substantial probability that evidence that Weston posed a risk to the jury. The court ultimately con- in the foreseeable future he will at- within the specific conditions of con- cluded that involuntary medication tain the capacity to permit the trial to finement in effect during his detention treatment was warranted. proceed; and (i.e., he was determined not to be dan- Given the conflicting reason- (2) for an additional reasonable pe- gerous while secluded in a prison hos- ing and results among federal circuits,8 riod of time until pital). As a result, the circuit court set the issue of involuntary treatment to (A) his mental condition is so itself the task of deciding “whether the restore defendants to competency may improved that trial may proceed, if government may administer [antipsy- warrant further review by the Supreme the court finds that there is a sub- chotic medication] to a pretrial detainee Court. As of this writing, The Supreme stantial probability that within such against his will in order to render him Court has recently denied certiorari in additional period of time he will at- competent to stand trial,” independent the Weston case (See Weston v U.S. tain the capacity to permit the trial to of other justifications such as danger- 2001 WL 1090817). As a result, the proceed; or ousness. Noting that the Riggins court conflict between various federal juris- (B) the pending charges specifically declined to prescribe sub- dictions has yet to be resolved, and against him are disposed of accord- stantive standards for the decision- awaits further adjudication. Until this ing to law; making process, the circuit court de- matter is ultimately settled in the courts, whichever is earlier. clined to adopt Brandon’s precedent, clinicians are well-advised to review ju- 5 The Court’s definition of “non-dan- articulating a form of “heightened scru- risdiction-specific statutory, administra- gerous” is difficult to grasp. tiny” more stringent than a reasonable- tive, and case law sources. Brandon’s risk of harm to others was ness standard but less than strict scru- Notes not formally determined by the trial tiny. Weston’s attorney had argued that 1 Guest Editor for this update is Edward court, and would have been ripe as an the availability of civil commitment pro- “Rhett” Landis III. He is director of issue only upon termination of his com- cedures attenuated the government’s Psychology Training at The Federal mitment for competency restoration. interest in rendering him competent to Medical Center in Butner, NC and a Given that he was charged with stand trial and bringing him to trial. Diplomate in Forensic Psychology. threatening to harm others, any lack Rejecting this assertion, the court con- 2 Roesch, R. & Golding, S. (1980) of risk is not immediately indicated cluded that aside from the incapacita- Competency to stand trial. by the facts at the time of appeal. It tion function of such commitment, the Champaign: University of Illinois might be more accurate to describe this government had a substantial, overrid- Press, pp. 47-49. case as involving a defendant whose ing interest in obtaining an adjudication 3 Steadman, H. (1979) Beating a rap?: dangerousness has yet to be determined. as to guilt or innocence. In contrast to Defendants found not competent to 6 Strict Scrutiny review refers to the the Brandon court, the D.C. Circuit stand trial. Chicago: University of most stringent test of a law’s or heard extensive expert testimony re- Chicago Press. regulation’s constitutionality. Under garding the risks and benefits of antip- 4 18 USC 4241. Determination of men- this test, a law will only be adjudi- sychotic medication therapies, and con- tal competency to stand trial: cated constitutional when the govern- cluded that while the risks were not (d) Determination and disposition. ment can demonstrate a compelling negligible, the evidence on the whole If, after the hearing, the court finds interest for the requirement, and the suggested that treatment would more by a preponderance of the evidence means chosen by the government are likely than not result in enhancing the that the defendant is presently suf- necessary to effectuate this goal. defendant’s ability: 1) to communicate fering from a mental disease or de- 7 This case has an extremely complex with counsel, 2) to testify effectively fect rendering him mentally incom- procedural history, which is abbrevi- in his own behalf should he eventually petent to the extent that he is unable ated in the account above. proceed to trial, and 3) to comprehend to understand the nature and conse- 8 A Second Circuit case, United States formal legal proceedings. With regard quences of the proceedings against v. Gomes, 01-1143, is currently pending. to issue of whether the defendant might him or to assist properly in his de- Page 28 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Call for Papers Special Issue: Stalking Research Terrorism: Strategies for Criminal Justice and Behavior Intervention and Prevention

Criminal Justice and Behavior invites submissions for a spe- The Journal of Threat Assessment is accepting manuscripts cial issue devoted to stalking. Manuscripts are invited on for a special issue on “Terrorism: Strategies for Intervention any aspect of this issue including reviews of relevant legal and Prevention.” Both domestic and international terror- and/or clinical literature, empirical studies of victim percep- ism will be addressed. Topics that are suitable for consider- tions of or reactions to stalking, violence risk assessment in ation include: the threatened use of weapons of mass de- stalking cases, and treatment of offenders and/or victims and struction (WME), aircraft highjacking and terrorism, the criminal justice response to these behaviors. Guest editors media and terrorists, typologies of terrorists linked to inter- for this special issue are Barry Rosenfeld, Ph.D., and vention strategies, coutnerterrorism, legal aspects and pros- Maureen O’Connor, J.D., Ph.D. Manuscripts should con- ecution, and other related issues. Manuscripts should be form to the APA Publication Manual (5th Edition). Articles prepared in quadruplicate using the APA Publication Manual should be sent in triplicate, to Barry Rosenfeld, Ph.D., De- style, and sent to the guest editor: Harold V. Hall, PhD, ABPP, partment of Psychology, Fordham University, 441 East Guest Editor, Journal of Threat Assessment, c/o Pacific In- Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458 . Inquiries can be di- stitute for the Study of Conflict and Aggression, P.O. Box rected to either Dr. Rosenfeld ([email protected]) or 819, Kamuela, HI 96743; e-mail: [email protected]; Phone/ Dr. O’Connor ([email protected]). Fax: 808-885-9800 after 1pm Hawaii time. The deadline for submissions is July 1, 2001. Deadline for submissions is June 1, 2002.

Conference Announcements Seed Money Available for Interdisciplinary Collaborations The European Association of Psychology and Law will hold The Executive Committee of the American Psychology-Law its 12th annual conference in Leuven, Belgium on September 14- Society will offer up to $3000 in seed money to facilitate 17. The theme of the conference is Dangerousness, Violence interdisciplinary research projects. We have in mind and Crime, but all topics in psychology and law will be consid- projects that would bridge the gap between psycholegal work ered. Abstracts are due by April 30, 2002. Information on the con- and other academic disciplines (e.g., sociology, political sci- ference can be found at http://www.law.kuleuven.ac.be/psycholaw. ence, economics, public policy, medicine). We are particu- In 2003, EAPL and APLS will co-host a conference in Edinburgh, larly interested in proposals that advance theoretical devel- Scotland. Information about this conference can be found on the opment or propose methodological innovations. Money can APLS website. be used to cover travel and meeting costs and other expenses related to the research. Successful grantees will be expected The second annual conference of the International Associa- to present the results of their collaborative study at a meet- tion of Forensic Mental Health Services will be held in Munich, ing of the American Psychological Association. Two such Germany from March 20-March 23, 2002. The International As- proposals will be funded each year. To apply, please send a sociation of Forensic Mental Health Services is an international two-page explanation of the project, including the names and organization of forensic mental health workers. The Association addresses of all researchers as well as a description of the focuses on four major areas: Clinical forensic psychiatry and psy- anticipated product of the research to: Edie Greene, Dept. chology including family violence, Administrative/legal issues, Re- of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO search in forensic mental health (civil/criminal), violence, and 80933. Or email to [email protected]. abuse, and Training and education. Information about the con- Deadline for receipt of proposals is August 1, 2002. ference can be found at: http://www.iafmhs.org. APLS Book Series The Perspectives in Law and Psychology series, sponsored by APLS, publishes scholarly work that advances the field of psychology and law by contributing to its theoretical and empirical knowledge base. Topics of books in progress include forensic assessment, sexual harassment, custody evaluations, death penalty, and juvenile and adult criminal competency. The editor is interested in proposals for new books. Inquiries and proposals from potential authors should be sent to: Dr. Ronald Roesch, Series Editor, Dept. of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6 (office: 604- 291-3370,fax: 604-291-3427, e-mail: rroesch@arts. sfu.ca). For information on the series, see http://www.wkap.nl/prods/PILP. The latest book in the series is authored by Kirk Heilbrun and is entitled Principles of Forensic Assessment. It has a list price of $69.95, but note that members of APLS receive a 25% discount, so be sure to identify yourself as a member when placing an order. For more detailed information about the contents of the book, or to place and order, see http://www.wkap.nl/prod/b/0-306-46538-8. AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 29 Notes From The Student Chair

Dear AP-LS Student Members:

AP-LS Conference in Austin, March 7-10 We are looking forward to seeing you at the upcoming AP-LS Convention in Austin, Texas. The Student Section Panel on “Careers in Law and Psychology” will begin at 9am on Thursday, March 7, and will last until about 11:30am. There will be some great speakers discussing a variety of topics: Naomi Goldstein, Ph.D. (Co-Director of the J.D./Ph.D. Program at Villanova School of Law and MCP Hahnemann University); Marc Pearce, J.D. (Law Clerk for a United States District Court Judge); Brian Wilcox, Ph.D. (Director of the Center on Children, Families, and the Law and Professor of Psychology); Carol Krafka, Ph.D. (Federal Judicial Center); Maithilee Pathak-Sharma, Ph.D., J.D. (Trial Consultant with R and D Strategic Solutions, LLC); Russell Palarea, AP-LS Ph.D. (Psychological Consultation to Federal Law Enforcement); and Diana Grant, Student Officers Ph.D. (Career Possibilities for Psychologists within Departments of Criminal Justice and Sociology). I hope many of you will be able to attend the panel discussion. Stacie E-mail Addresses Cass is currently updating the student website and will post more specific details about the Student Workshop (including more information about the speakers) on the website. Chair, Constance Mesiarik [email protected] I would like to get a general idea of how many of you will be attending. Please e-mail Past Chair, Lori Peters me at [email protected] to let me know. [email protected] 2002 APA Convention Chair Elect, Marchelle Thomson I am starting to plan the student workshops for the 2002 APA Convention. I would really [email protected] like to hear your suggestions. Is there any area that you would like to learn more about?

Secretary/Treasurer, Elections Oluseyi Olubadewo I hope some of you have been thinking about running for a position or nominating [email protected] someone for a position. Elections for the 2002-2003 term will be held this summer. The available positions will be Chair-Elect, Secretary-Treasurer, and Newsletter/Web Edi- Student Newsletter/Web Editor, tor. I would be happy to provide you with more information on any of these positions. Please Stacie Cass e-mail me if you are interested in running for a position and would like additional details. [email protected]

AP-LS Student Homepage I encourage all of you to get more involved in the Student Section. Stacie is currently http://www.psy.fsu.edu/~ updating the student website. Please let her know if you have any suggestions for the apls-students website. Be sure to check the website often as it will provide you with some important updated information. AP-LS Student E-mail [email protected] Please e-mail any suggestions or concerns that you have directly to me at [email protected]. I look forward to hearing from you and to meeting you at AP-LS! Have a great semester!

Sincerely, Constance Mesiarik Chair, Student Section

Page 30 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Fellowships and Positions Visiting Scholars 2002-2003 Forensic Psychology Faculty Positions Center for the Study of Law and Society John Jay College of Criminal Justice University of California, Berkeley The Psychology Department at John Jay College of Crimi- The Center for the Law and Society, University of California, Ber- nal Justice, City University of New York, has three tenure- keley invites applications for visiting scholars for 2002-2003. The track positions open for Fall 2002. We are interested in fo- Center fosters empirical research and theoretical analysis concern- rensic psychologists with expertise in Developmental Psy- ing legal institutions, legal processes, legal change, and the social chology, Psychological Assessment and Testing, and gen- consequences of law. Closely linked to Boalt Hall School of Law, eral law/psychology or forensic expertise. We are still con- the Center creates a multi-disciplinary milieu with a faculty of sidering candidates for all three positions. If interested, please distinguished socio-legal scholars in law and economics, legal his- send curriculum vitae with a cover letter to: Department of tory, sociology of law, political science, criminal justice studies Psychology Search Committee, John Jay College – CUNY, and legal and social philosophy, along with visiting socio-legal th scholars from the United States and around the world. 445 W. 59 Street, New York, New York 10019. For addi- tional information, please email Dr. Maureen O’Connor, Chair, Application Requirements: at [email protected]. John Jay is an Equal Opportunity 1. Applicants must possess a Ph.D. or J.D. (or foreign equivalent). Employer, and we encourage applications from women and 2. Applicants must submit a full curriculum vitae. minorities. 3. Applicants must submit a a cover letter which specifies the time period in which they wish to be in residence at the Center and which describes their proposed program of research or study. Applicants Postdoctoral Fellowship in Forensic must pursue a program of research or study which is of mutual inter- Clinical Psychology est to faculty members at the Center for the Study of Law and Society. 4. Applicants must indicate the source of funding while visiting Western State Hospital and The Washington Institute for Mental Berkeley, e.g. sabbatical pay, scholarship, government funding, Illness Research and Training of the University of Washington personal funds, etc. Monthly minimum requirements for foreign invite applications for a one-year, postdoctoral fellowship in fo- exchange scholars are: $1600 per month for the J-1 scholar, $500 rensic clinical psychology. Specific training opportunities include per month for the J-2 spouse, $200 per month for each J-2 child. the pre-trial evaluation of mentally ill offenders; assessment and treatment of mentally ill offenders in an inpatient and outpatient Among privileges and opportunities of Center visiting scholars are: setting; possible rotations in several civil forensic settings; evalu- library privileges at the Law School and at all campus libraries; access ations of juvenile offenders; consultation to correctional staff and to a regular luncheon-speaker series and other scholarly exchanges; treatment of inmates in a community detention facility; consulta- other campus privileges including athletic facilities; and, when pos- tion and education activities with community mental health ser- sible, assignment to shared or other office accommodations. vices providers, attorneys, courts, and rehabilitation facilities; The Center will consider applications for varying time periods, scholarly research activities and professional education. A com- from two weeks duration to the full academic year. Applicants should petitive stipend will be offered for the term 09/01/02 to 08/31/03. submit the information listed above by post or e-mail to: Visiting The successful candidate will hold a doctorate degree from an Scholars Program, Center for the Study of Law and Society, Uni- APA approved doctoral program with an APA approved intern- versity of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-2150, csls@uclink. ship. Application deadline is February 15, 2002. For information berkeley.edu. Decisions will be made by March 30, 2002. Inquiries and application materials, contact Diane Pearson, The Washing- may be made to the Director, Professor Robert A. Kagan, ton Institute, 9601 Steila-coom Blvd. SW, Tacoma, WA 98498-7213; [email protected]; or to the Associate Director, Dr. Rosann 253-756-2741; pearsond@ u.washington.edu. Greenspan, [email protected]. You may also visit the Center’s website at http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/csls/

Postdoctoral Fellowship in Forensic Psychology

The Pretrial Evaluation Unit of Dorothea Dix Hospital is offering a one-year post-doctoral fellowship in Forensic Psychology. This is an opportunity for training in all aspects of criminal forensic evaluation in an inpatient setting, focusing on trial competency and criminal responsibility and including both adult and juvenile defendants. Outpatient evaluations and risk assessments are also involved. Optional rotations are available in Neuropsychology and Child Forensics, which may include assessment of the effects of abuse, child custody issues, and fitness for parenting. The training year runs from Sept. 1, 2002 to Aug. 30, 2003, with a salary of $30,000. Requirements include Ph.D./Psy.D. in Clinical or Counseling Psychology, with APA approved internship (completed by 9/1/02). Send/e-mail letter of interest and CV to Mark Hazelrigg, Ph.D., Forensic Services, Dorothea Dix Hospital, 3601 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699; [email protected].

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 31 Funding Opportunities AP-LS/Division 41 Stipends for Graduate Research

The Division 41 Grants-in-Aid Committee is accepting proposals for small stipends (maximum of $500) to support empirical graduate research that addresses psycholegal issues (the award is limited to graduate students who are student affiliate members of AP-LS). Interested individuals should submit a short proposal (a maximum of 1500 words will be strictly enforced) in either a hard-copy (five copies) or electronic format that includes: (a) a cover sheet indicating the title of the project, name, address, phone number, and e-mail address of the investigator; (b) an abstract of 100 words or less summarizing the project; (c) purpose, theoretical rationale, and significance of the project; (d) procedures to be employed; and, (e) specific amount requested, including a budget. Applicants should include a discussion of the feasibility of the research (e.g., if budget is for more than $500, indicate source of remaining funds). Applicants should also indicate that IRB approval has been obtained, or agree that it will be prior to initiating the project. Note that a prior recipient of an AP-LS Grant-in- Aid is only eligible for future funding if the previously funded research has been completed. Hard copies of the proposals should be sent to: Garrett L. Berman Ph.D., Grants-In-Aid Committee Chair, Department of Psychology, Roger Williams University, One Old Ferry Road, Bristol, RI 02809-2921. Electronic submissions can be submitted via e-mail to [email protected] (cut and paste your submission into your e-mailer include an attached file in word perfect, word, or a text (ASCII) format). Committee members: Wendy Heath, Rider University; Mario Scalora, University of Nebraska, and Matt Zaitchik, Forensic Health Services and Bedford Policy Institute. There are two deadlines each year: September 30 and January 31. The Melissa Institute American Academy of For Violence Prevention and Treatment Forensic Psychology The Melissa Institute is a nonprofit, educational, training and con- Dissertation Grants in sultative service organization that was established to honor the Applied Law andPsychology memory of Melissa Aptman, who was brutally murdered in St. Louis on May 5, 1995. A native of Miami, she was just two weeks away from graduating from Washington University. Melissa’s family The American Academy of Forensic Psychology (AAFP) has made and friends have established this Institute to bridge the gap be- available up to $7500 (maximum award is $1500) for grants to graduate tween scientific knowledge and public policy, between scientific students conducting dissertations in applied areas of law and psy- and direct application, in order to reduce violence and to help chology, with preferences for dissertations addressing clinical-fo- victims of violence. rensic issues. Awards can be used to cover dissertation costs such The Melissa Institute will grant two $1,500 dissertation awards as photocopying and mailing expenses, participant compensation, annually. This award is open to candidates from any discipline travel reimbursement, etc. Awards cannot be used to cover tuition or who address issues of violence prevention and treatment. The academic fees. Requests submitted in prior years are ineligible. award must be used to support expenses that are directly related to the dissertation research (e.g., subject fees, computer time, equip- ment). It may not be used for tuition, travel, or personal expenses. Applications are reviewed by a committee of AAFP Fellows and grants will be awarded based on the following criteria: potential Eligibility contribution to applied law-psychology, methodological sound- 1. Applicants must be students in a bona fide doctoral disserta- ness/experimental design, budgetary needs, and review of tion program. Candidates may be from any discipline. 2. Applicants must have had their dissertation proposal approved applicant’s personal statement. by their dissertation committee prior to their application to the Melissa Institute. Students in the process of developing a dissertation proposal and those collecting data as of April 1, 2001 are eligible. To apply, stu- To Apply Applicants must include the following information in their submis- dents must submit the following materials (incomplete applications sion: will not be considered): 1) a letter from the applicant detailing his/her 1. A one- to two-page cover letter describing the proposed re- interest and career goals in the area of law and psychology, the search project and a brief explanation of proposed use of funds proposed dissertation and its time line, the dissertation budget, (i.e., a budget); the award amount requested, and how the award will be used; 2) a 2. A curriculum vitae, including any scientific publications and presentations and a brief description of your career plan; current CV; and 3) a letter (no longer than one page) from the 3. A letter of recommendation from your dissertation advisor; applicant’s dissertation chair/supervisor offering his/her support 4. Application deadline is April 1. Selection annually, May 15. of the applicant, noting that the dissertation proposal has been or is expected to be approved, and will be conducted as detailed in Please submit 2 copies of your proposal and accompanying docu- the applicant’s letter. mentation. Mail application to: Submit 4 copies (postmarked by April 1, 2001) to: Randy Borum, The Melissa Institute Ph.D., Department of University of South Florida, Tampa FL For Violence Prevention and Treatment ♦ 6200 SW 73rd Street Miami, Florida 33143 Questions or inquiries regarding the award competition can be 305/668-5210 ♦ Fax: 305/668-5211 directed to Dr. Borum via e-mail at [email protected]

Page 32 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Nominations, Awards and Announcements EARLY CAREER AWARD FOR OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS TO PRACTICE IN THE 2002 Dissertation Award FIELD OF CHILD MALTREATMENT Section on Child Maltreatment, Division 37 The Section on Child Maltreatment of Division 37 (Child, American Psychological Association Youth, and Family Services) of the American Psychological Association is proud to announce the establishment of an The Section on Child Maltreatment (Section 1 of Division Early Career Award program. This year, nominations are 37, APA) announces its third annual dissertation award. A sought for an Early Career Award for Practice. The award $400 prize will be awarded to one successful graduate stu- will be made in 2002. Self-nominations are welcome. dent applicant to assist with expenses in conducting disser- tation research on the topic of child maltreatment. Eligibility: Nominees should be investigators who have made substantial contributions to practice relevant to child Applicants are requested to submit: maltreatment within eight years of receiving a terminal de- 1) a letter of interest, indicating how the applicant would gree (e.g., PhD, JD, DSW, or MSW) and who have demon- use the award funds toward the completion of the disserta- strated the potential to continue such contributions. Nomi- tion research, nees need not be current Section members. 2) a 100 word abstract, and 3) a 5-page proposal summarizing the proposed research. To Nominate: Send 4 copies of: 1) A cover letter outlining the nominee’s accomplishments Please submit applications by April 1, 2002, to: to date and anticipated future contributions. This letter should describe the nominee’s major accomplishments related to Dr. Patricia Hashima the field of child maltreatment and how the nominee’s work Institute on Family and Neighborhood Life has had an impact on the field; Clemson University 2) The nominee’s current curriculum vitae; 158 Poole Agricultural Center 3) One letter of support; and Clemson, SC 29634-0132 4) If possible, other relevant supporting material, as appropri- (864) 656-6711 or 656-6271 ate (e.g., no more than 2 articles authored by the nominee). Applicants will be notified of the decision in mid-June. The Nomination Deadline: Postmarked by 3/15/2002. award will be presented at the annual meeting of the Ameri- Send nominations or direct questions to: Gail S. Goodman, can Psychological Association in Chicago, Illinois, August Dept. of Psychology, Univ. of California, One Shields Avenue, 22-25, 2002. Davis, CA 95616, (530) 752-6981, [email protected]

Preparing for Austin, cont. from p. 1 ful for the very quick turn-around. We hope that in the years Be sure to check out the article in the Newsletter on things to follow, our reviewer pool will grow and we will be able to to do in Austin and tips for your stay. The city offers much spread the work so that it is less taxing on those who are such as good restaurants, site seeing activities, and so forth. currently reviewing papers. Also, keep checking our website for further updates. Hotels There has been an increasing interest and attendance at We wish you a safe trip to the conference and look forward APLS conferences. We have two hotels to accomodate to seeing you all in Austin!!! attendees but we do ask that you book your rooms early. March is a very busy month for Austin, as the city hosts the Randy Salekin South by South West Festival. The conference hotel is the Christina Studebaker Hyatt Regency on Town Lake and we also have a room APLS 2002 Program Co-Chairs block at the Holiday Inn which is approximtely a 15-20 minute walk from the Hyatt. We would prefer that people utilize the Hyatt if possible. However, the overflow hotel is an option if rooms become less available at the Hyatt.

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 33 Conference and Workshop Planner American Academy of Forensic American Society of Trial 12th European Conference Sciences Annual Conference Consultants Annual Conference on Psychology and Law February 22-26, 2002 June 6-8, 2002 September 14-17, 2002 Atlanta, GA Denver, CO Leuven, Belgium Theme: Certification, Accreditation, Education, Competence, and For further information see Personal Professional Integrity" Conference Theme: Dangerousness, www.astcweb.org Violence, and Fear of Crime For further information see Deadline for Abstracts: April 30, 2002 www.aafs.org/slcall.htm 6th Biennial Conference - For further information see International Perspectives on www.law.kuleuven.ac.be/psycholaw.htm Crime, Justice and Public Order June 16-20, 2002 AP-LS ! London, England March 7-10, 2002 7th International Conference The Hyatt Regency For further information see on Family Violence Austin, TX www.jjay.cuny.edu/generalInfo/ September 24-28, 2002 Town & Country Hotel & Resort See Conference Program on p. 12 San Diego, CA

For further information see Society for the Psychological Theme: Advocay, Assessment, Interven- www.unl.edu/ap-ls/2002/ Study of Social Issues tion, Research, Prevention and Policy June 28-30, 2002 Toronto, Canada For further information see www.fvsai.org 2nd Annual Meeting of the Conference Theme: Understanding International Association of and Addressing Disparities: Forensic Mental Health Services International Approaches AP-LS/EAPL Conference March 20-23, 2002 For further information see University of Munich July 7-12, 2003 www.spssi.org/2002.html Edinborough, Scotland Munich, Germany For further information see For further information see 16th Meeting of the www.law.soton.ac.uk/bsln/ www.iafmhs.org International Association psych&law2003/ of Forensic Sciences September 2-7, 2002 Montpellier, France American Academy of Forensic Psychology Conference Themes: April 18-21, 2002 - Multipcisplinary Links Marriott Perimeter Center - The variety of ways in which the Atlanta, GA profession is caried out in the workd (Richness in diversity or need for standardization ?) Intensive Forensic Practice Workshops - Scientific Research within A Survey of Forensic Psychology the Forensic Sciences Practice: Issues & Applications - The Place of Bioethics in the Information regarding upcoming Forensic Sciences For further information see conferences and workshops www.abfp.com/workshops.html can be sent to Barry Rosenfeld For further information see ([email protected]) http://www.iafs2002.com/ Page 34 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Inset APA Insurance Trust full page Ad here

Continued on p. 17

AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002 Page 35 American Psychology-Law Society AMERICAN MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION Division 41 of the American Psychological Association

The American Psychology-Law Society is a division of the American Psychological Associa- tion and is comprised of individuals interested in psychology and law issues. AP-LS encour- ages APA members, graduate and undergraduate students, and persons in related fields to consider membership in the Division. APA membership is not required for membership in the American Psychology-Law Society. Student memberships are encouraged. To join, complete the form below and send with dues to: Cathleen Oslzly, Dept. of Psychology, 209 Burnett Hall, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, (E-mail: [email protected]).

Name ______Degree ______

Address ______

City ______

State/Province ______Country ______Zip Code ______- ______

Daytime Phone (_____) ______Internet ______

APA Member ❑ Yes ❑ No Field of Study (e.g., Psych., Soc., Law) ______

Annual Membership Dues: (payable to American Psychology-Law Society) • Regular Member: $45.00 (includes Law and Human Behavior Journal) • Student Member: $ 7.00 ($25 with Law and Human Behavior Journal) • For back issues of LHB contact: Cathleen Oslzly Address Changes: • APA members: send changes to APA Membership Dept., 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242 • AP-LS members, members at large or students: send changes to Ms. Oslzly at the address above or via E-mail

American Psychology-Law Society/ Division 41 of the American Psychological Association Non-Profit Org. c/o Barry Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Department of Psychology U.S. Postage PAID Fordham University Permit No.1940 441 East Fordham Road Bronx NY 104 Bronx, NY 10458

Page 36 AP-LS NEWS, Winter 2002