41435-013: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder

Environmental Monitoring Report

Project Number: 41435-013 January 2020 (Loan 3570/8331 and Grant 0542)

CAM: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project – Additional Financing

Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report January – June 2019

Prepared by: Project Implementation Consultant – PIC of NCDD and MAFF for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction – Additional Fund for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King 

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ADB Loan 3570, ADB Grant0542 and IFAD Loan 8331

CAMBODIA: TONLE SAP POVERTY REDUCTION AND SMALLHOLDER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT – ADDITIONAL FINANCING (TSSD-AF)

FIRST SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT – EMR.01

Phnom Penh, 2019

NOTE (i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This safeguards monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

ABBREVIATION

ADB Asian Development Bank AF Additional Financing CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CARD Council for Agriculture and Rural Development CMAW Commune Mobile Access Worker D&S Consultant Design and Supervision Infrastructure Consultant EA Executing Agency EARF Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESO Environment Safeguard Officer FDERP Flood Damage Emergency Reconstruction Project GoC Government of Cambodia GPS Global Positioning System IA Implementing Agency IEE Initial Environmental Examination MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MoE Ministry of Environment NCS National Climate Change Specialist NES National Environment Specialist NR National Road

NCDDS National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development Secretariat PDOE Provincial Department of Environment PDWRAM Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology PDAFF Provincial Department of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry PST Provincial Support Team PIC Project Implementation Consultant PIU Project Implementation Unit PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RP Resettlement Plan SPS ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009)

CONTENT

Abbreviation ...... 2 Content ...... 4 List of Tables ...... 4 List of Figures ...... 4 List of attachments ...... 5 I. Executive Summary ...... 6 II. Project Overview, General safeguard matters ...... 7 1. Project Overview ...... 7 2. Project Progress ...... 10 A. Chbar Ampov Village Road Rehabilitation in Batheay District, Kampong Cham Province ...... 11 B. Lvea Irrigation System Rehabilitation in Preah Sdach District, Prey Veng Province . 12 3. Safeguards Plans Implementation Arrangements ...... 15 4. Updated EMPs Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual Arrangements ...... 19 III. Environmental Performance Monitoring ...... 22 IV. Public consultation, Information Disclosure, Capability Building ...... 22 V. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 22 VI. Conclusion and next activity plan...... 25 Attachments ...... 26 Attachment 1: Photographs of Environment Specialist Site Visit and Public Consultation in Prey Veng and Kompong Cham provinces ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. Attachment 2: Minute of Meeting and List of Participants for Public Consultation ...... 27 Attachment 3: Consultation / Interview Form ...... 31 Attachment 4: GRM – Complaint Recording Form for First Stage ...... 34

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Agreed Action Plan ...... 7 Table 2: Project Overview, Snapshot of Project Progress ...... 10 Table 3: List of Structures ...... 14 Table 4: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible...... 15 Table 5: List of Participants ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Project Location Maps ...... 9 Figure 2: Project Location ...... 12 Figure 3: Location of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject Components (red) (From Google Earth) ...... 13

Figure 4: Layout of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject ...... 14 Figure 5: Typical Cross Section of Canals ...... 15 Figure 6: GRM System ...... 24

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1: Photographs of Environment Specialist Site Visit and Public Consultation in Prey Veng and Kompong Cham provinces ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. Attachment 2: Minute of Meeting and List of Participants for Public Consultation ...... 27 Attachment 3: Consultation / Interview Form ...... 31 Attachment 4: GRM – Complaint Recording Form for First Stage ...... 34

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Project in Brief. The Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development – Additional Financing Project (TSSD-AF) was approved by ADB on 25 September 2017 and declared effective on 4 April 2018 with a loan amount of $45.73 million and a grant of $4.37 million, and a closing date of 31 July 2023. The project is co-financed by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) with a loan of $10 million. The project outcome will be increased agricultural productivity and improved access to markets in 271 communes1 in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin2. The outputs will be: (i) rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management enhanced; (ii) enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification, and climate resilience created; and (iii) project management strengthened. 2. Purpose of Report and Report Preparation. This Semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR) was prepared for the period, January to June 2019, in compliance with the Project Loan Agreement stipulating the need for an EMR to be prepared and submitted to ADB every six months. The report presents the findings of the monitoring of environmental protection and environmental supervision activities conducted during project implementation. In particular, it determines whether or not the EMP and environmental protection measures recommended in the approved by ADB for each contract as part of the bidding document 3 have been implemented effectively to avoid, minimize, or mitigate environmental impacts. It also identifies activities that have not been properly implemented by the project. 3. Environmental Monitoring Activity. Environmental monitoring is being done by Environment Specialist of the Project and by the contractors themselves. Each contractor fills in the environmental monitoring checklist, which is integrated into the monthly project progress report and forwarded to NCDD. In addition, the Environment Specialist conducts quarterly monitoring field visits using the same checklist.

4. The main environmental monitoring tasks during the construction phase of the project are the following:

(i) Review of available reports, e.g., monthly progress reports; (ii) Site verification, observation, informal interviews (if necessary), and photo documentation of activities; (iii) Use of monitoring checklist contained in the EMP; and (iv) Modification of the checklist, if necessary 5. Any key issues identified during the monitoring period. Due to ADB Review mission, key finding on two core sub-project which was selected during PPTA were identified and the agreed action plan was made. The agreed action is listed in Table 1.

1 The correct number of commune is 271. One of the commune in Kampong province was wrongly recorded twice. 2 Banteay Meanchey (BMC), Battambang (8TB); Kampong Cham (KPC), Kampong Thom KPT), Prey Veng (PVG) Siem Reap (SRP) and Tboung Khmum (TBK). 3 Approved EMP is attached in bidding and contract document for each agreement between EA and Contractor Company. The contractor is required to prepare CEMP for PMIC review and approved prior construction.

Table 1: Agreed Action Plan

Ref. Focal Agreed Action Deadline Implemented Note Par. Point 34 Establishment of GRM for each 30 Nov NCDDS Compliant Responsible project selected provinces, and 2018 of Grievance GRCs at every subproject level Redress 34 Training grievance redress Q1 2019 NCDDS Being Committee was committees (GRC) on their compliant identified. functions and roles The training was done in June 2019 in 4 target provinces; Battambang, Siem Reap, Banteay Meanchey, and Kampong Thom province. 37 Public Consultation, information 16-20 NCDDS Completed - disclosure/PIB for Chbar Ampov Oct 2018 Rural Road 38 Public Consultation, information 16-20 NCDDS Completed - disclosure/PIB for Lvea Irrigation Oct 2018 System 40 Updated IEE/EMP of the irrigation 30 Oct NCDDS Completed - subproject in Prey Veng 2018 40 Updating IEE/EMP of the road 30 Oct NCDDS Completed - Suproject in Kampong Cham 2018 41 Submit semi-annual 30 Jan NCDDS Completed - environmental monitoring report 2019 covering the period May to December 2018

6. Next Activity Plan. Next environmental monitoring report (EMR.02) will be submitted to ADB on 15 July 2019, covers the monitoring activity from January to June 2019 which is expected that the civil work of two core sub-project will be resumed.

II. PROJECT OVERVIEW, GENERAL SAFEGUARD MATTERS

1. Project Overview

7. Constraints to poverty reduction and smallholder development in Cambodia include: (i) low productivity because of inefficient use of land, water, labor, and capital; (ii) poor productive infrastructure resulting in high costs and restricted access to markets; and (iii) limited access to rural financial services. To address these constraints, in 2009, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD), which has achieved solid achievements in productive infrastructure and livelihood improvement. The government of Cambodia (the Government), ADB and IFAD project teams concluded that successful project activities should be scaled up to broaden the benefits of increased rural incomes and economic development. The additional financing to the TSSD (TSSD-AF) will expand activities on climate-responsive productive infrastructure from 196 communes in five provinces (Banteay Meanchey, Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Tboung Khmum), to 271 communes in seven provinces,

including the two additional provinces of Battambang, and Prey Veng in the Tonle Sap Basin, and further develop an enabled environment for agricultural productivity, diversification, and climate resilience (See Appendix 1 for the list of district and communes of the TSSD-AF). The inclusion of women, smallholding farmers, and poor people will remain a priority. Consistent with the current project, the AF will enhance agricultural productivity and improve access to markets, resulting in better livelihoods and higher incomes in the project areas, with the added benefit of enhanced resilience to disaster and climate risks.4 8. The original project. The TSSD, co-financed by a loan of $3.30 million and a grant of $27.30 million from the Asian Development Fund resources, a loan of $6.80 million and a grant of $6.80 million financed by IFAD, and a grant of $5.75 million financed by the Government of Finland, was designed to foster community-driven infrastructure, and capacity development in livelihood improvement. Its outcome is increased agricultural productivity and improved access to markets in 196 communes in the Tonle Sap Basin. It has three outputs: (i) community driven development through block grants; (ii) enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity and diversification; and (iii) effective project management. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), and the National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS) are the Executing Agencies (EAs) of the TSSD.

9. The TSSD-AF will change the original project scope by expanding the project area from five to seven provinces and enhancing climate and disaster resilience in these provinces. The number of beneficiary households will increase from 430,0005 to 650,0006. The aggregate impact will be livelihoods in target communes and climate resilience in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin improved. The aggregate outcome will be agricultural productivity increased, climate and disaster resilience strengthened, and access to markets improved in 271 communes in seven provinces (See Figure 1) in the Tonle Sap Basin.

10. The three main outputs of the overall project are described below:

• Output 1: Rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management (DRM) enhanced

• Output 2: Enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification and climate resilience • Output 3: Project management strengthened

4 ADB provided project preparatory technical assistance for the TSSD-AF (TA 9167-CAM). 5 ADB. 2009. Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Proposed Loan and Asian Development Fund Grant and Administration of Grants and Loan to the Kingdom of Cambodia for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project. Manila. 6 The number of beneficiary households for TSSD was 630,000 households at project start-up in 2009. However, the number of beneficiary households in the original TSSD communes has fallen to 430,000, based on statistics by NCDDS – Appendix 2. The change is probably because of migration (both internal and cross-border) but this has not been analyzed. Under TSSD- AF, 75 communes have been added to the existing 196 communes, and the number of beneficiary households has increased to 650,000.

Figure 1: Project Location Maps

Source: SSP6, 2019 Output 1: Rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management (DRM) enhanced. 11. The activity support in the Output 1 are listed below: a. Rural Roads and Small Scale Irrigation b. Support to new and old livelihood improvement groups c. DRR Training and Planning for Commune Councils

Output 2: Enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification and climate resilience 12. The activity support in the Output 2 are listed: a. Value Chain Support and Market Linkages b. Information and communication technology and commune mobile access program c. Information and communication technology and commune mobile access program Output 3: Project Management Strengthened 13. Support for project management will include (i) strengthening the capacity of the executing and implementing agencies, and local government councils and their administrations, by supporting a limited number of incremental technical staff at selected offices; (ii) providing national and international consulting services; (iii) providing office

equipment; and (iv)providing vehicles for supervision (four-wheel drive vehicles and motorcycles). Project support will also include capacity building at the commune, district, province, and national levels, including specific actions on capacity building on gender issues and special studies. The TSSD-AF will not need to finance intensive training of project staff in financial management, cash flow management, and disbursement procedures because most staff were trained under TSSD but project management unit (PMU) staff and the PIC will continue an ongoing capacity building program in these areas. 14. The TSSD-AF will assist each of the seven target provinces to set up a PRC and a bid evaluation committee to support the commune to procure works worth $30,000 and above, following procedures to be approved by ADB (See para. 7). The PRCs and the bid evaluation committees will be trained on the use of government standard operating procedures and ADB guidelines for procurement of works. The TSSD-AF will also assist in establishing a poverty targeting and project performance monitoring system (Appendix 4) across both executing agencies that will facilitate delivery of outcome data throughout the project to assist management decisions. This system will be based in MAFF and will include report preparation, dissemination of project information, and establishment and maintenance of a project website. 15. To enable effective government oversight of the project, the innovative steering committee arrangement, led by the Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD), will be continued, and will provide guidance to the executing and implementing agencies without creating excessive additional institutional burden. CARD will continue to conduct regular project steering committee meetings of at least twice per year and will ensure that project performance is monitored throughout implementation. Both MAFF and NCDDS will use the same M&E system for the TSSD-AF so that there is a single source of project management information and synergy between project components can be effectively developed. 2. Project Progress

16. Two civil work subprojects: (i) a rural road rehabilitation subproject in Chbar Ampov commune of Kampong Cham province; and (ii) a canal rehabilitation subproject in Lvea commune of Prey Veng province were selected by the PPTA team as core subprojects. Table 2: Project Overview, Snapshot of Project Progress

Project Number: 41435-054 Loan Numbers: 2599/8243 Project Number and Title: Grant Numbers: 0186/0191/0192 Project Title: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project – Additional Financing Environment B

Safeguards Category7 Indigenous Peoples B Involuntary B Resettlement

Reporting period: January – December 2018 Last report date: None Key sub-project • Contract awarding. Lvea Irrigation Core Sub-project was activities since last awarded on 1 May 2018. report:

7 Project Administration Manual, para.80

• Progress of Work (% physical completion). It is 30% of project progress and other core sub-project named Chba Ampov Rehabilitated of village road is under of NOL from ADB. • Status of Safeguard Approvals / Permits / Consents.

A. Chbar Ampov Village Road Rehabilitation in Batheay District, Kampong Cham Province 17. The final design of the road subproject is Chbar Ampov was changed from original scope of 7.6 km length to 1.37 km and its section of the road through Chbar Ampov village will be rehabilitated. In a southerly direction, the proposed road joins a recently improved road which, through a longer route, links to Highway No. 6 through Chealea commune (see map below). This is the route villagers use when the road through Batheay commune to Highway No. 6 is flooded. 18. At present the village has a 5m to 6m width earth road that was funded by the commune. The road is in fair condition but becomes muddy and slippery during rain. Two culverts taking drainage flows under the road are in good condition but may require cleaning. The road is affected by Mekong flood roughly one year in two. 19. It is assumed that traffic will comprise motorcycles, cars, small trucks and farm vehicles with maximum loads of 10 to 15 tons. 20. The road embankment will be raised where necessary to take the top elevation just over 10 msl, which will be above the local Mekong flood level about 3 years in 4 and thereby provide improved disaster risk reduction. The road will be provided with 4 m width x 0.15 m thick concrete surface. The decision on the pavement width was made with regard to cost and the need to restrict resettlement issues. Given the relatively low levels of traffic, continuous grassed shoulders built up to the height of the concrete pavement and providing a total width of 5 m will provide adequate space for larger vehicles to pass one another. The shoulder material must be stable but able to support grass. A well graded sandy soil with some gravel is suitable. The concrete pavement will be laid on a well compacted subbase which will be stabilized with cement or lime where necessary. 21. Grass will be planted on the embankment and shoulders to improve resilience to heavy rain and floods and thus improve climate resilience. 22. Some stone will come from the local stone quarry, but most construction material will come from the Skun town at the junction of Highway No. 6 and Highway No. 7, about 24 km from Chbar Ampov subproject’s location. 23. The Chbar Ampov Commune Committee – CC will be the project owner. The CC will sign and manage the contract and monitor construction by the contractor with guidance and support from the Infrastructure Design and Supervision Consultants.

Figure 2: Project Location

Final Detail Design (1.37km)

B. Lvea Irrigation System Rehabilitation in Preah Sdach District, Prey Veng Province

24. The final design of the irrigation subproject is Lvea was changed from original scope of 18 m width to 19m. Irrigated agriculture in Prey Veng Province is rice-based with irrigation used mainly for a second crop in the dry season. If sufficient irrigation water is available a second crop of rice is sown. In general, lands have level topography and the poor condition of the canals is the primary constraint to irrigation. At the subproject site in Lvea commune, due to poor design, failed connections, and silting up, the condition of secondary canals constrains irrigation penetration into the area and during dry season, many lands are observed to be fallow. 25. Farmers employ low-head portable diesel pumps (owned or rented) where the water level in canals or even drains are too low to service lands by gravity. Rice yields are moderate to good in general between 1.5 and 3 ton/ha, with only a few places reaching 2.5 tons/ha. Post- harvest drying and processing are potentially wasteful with significant losses. Seed quality is often poor. Most planting is broadcast, and requires both rain and some irrigation to meet the large needs of land soaking and land preparation. 26. Under this subproject it is proposed to rehabilitate three secondary canals with a total length of 4 km. Water will come from primary and secondary canals supplied by Pumping Station No. 2 on the Traebek River. These are: (i) Secondary Canal 1: a 1 km canal north of Highway 1 in Thnaot village, flowing south from a secondary canal: adding a command area of 57 ha for a dry season crop. (ii) Secondary Canal 2: a 3 km long canal south of Highway 1, starting at an intake gate on main canal (no. 10) and flowing eastward through Boeung Snao and Takork villages and finishing at a ruined Pol Pot era gate: adding 179 ha for a dry season crop.

(iii) Secondary Canal 3: a 1 km long canal south of Highway 1, starting at an intake gate on main canal (no.10) and flowing westward: adding 69 ha for a dry season crop. 27. Rehabilitation will involve the excavation of existing canals to re-establish efficient flow rates and carrying capacities and the installation or repair of regulators at the junctions with main canal, and road/track crossing points. Figure 3: Location of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject Components (red) (From Google Earth)

Source: PPTA Team.

Figure 4: Layout of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject

Source: PPTA Team.

28. Expected increases in dry season cropping areas from the rehabilitation of these three secondary canals is 307 ha: (i) 57 ha at Thnaot Village; (ii) 179 ha at Boeung Snao and Takork Villages; and (iii) 71 ha at the western extension of the Boeung Snao and Takork canal 29. The specifications of the subproject comprise works to improve the secondary canals. The proposed works are summarized in Table 2 and cross sections for the three canals at Figure 5. Table 3: List of Structures

Description of Description of No. Station Type of Structure Existing Structure Rehabilitation Measure 1 SC1 (PK. 0+025) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 2 SC1 (PK. 0+410) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 3 SC2 (PK. 1+043) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch

4 SC2 (PK. 1+551) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch 5 SC2 (PK. 1+825) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 6 SC2 (PK. 2+094) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 7 SC3 (PK. 0+000) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 8 SC3 (PK. 0+420) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch Note: RE: Remove existing structure, Pr/Ch: Protection/Channeling, N/A: Not available, SC: Secondary Canal

Figure 5: Typical Cross Section of Canals

Source: PPTA Team 30. Summary of Work Progress, January to June 2019. During this report, none of civil work is commenced due to:

• Lvea Irrigation Subproject is suspended since ADB review mission on October 2018 and it does not resumed yet.

• Chbar Ampov Village Road Improvement Subproject is planned to commence on 18 July 2019. However, due to rainy season, the contractor requested to delay the commencement date.

3. Safeguards Plans Implementation Arrangements

31. The Royal Government of Cambodia will apply an Asian Development Bank (ADB) loan to implement the Additional Financing (AF) to the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD). Loan proceeds will fund a series of infrastructure sub-projects, each one of which will require an environmental impact assessment which complies with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and government regulations. There are two executing agencies; Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and National Committee for Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS). NCDDS will be a key implementing agency for Output 1 while MAFF will be a key implementing agency for Output 2 and both of them will be a key implementing agency for Output 3. Table 4: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities Management (i) Oversight body The Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD)

Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities ➢ In cooperation with the executing agencies, organize the biannual PSC meetings as a part of the regular CARD meetings. ➢ Conduct regular reviews of project implementation progress and assist in resolving policy issues related to the project implementation at ministerial level (ii) Executing agencies 2 (two) executing agencies; MAFF and NCDDS. Ensure successful implementation of the project in accordance with the loan and grant agreements. In term of environmental aspect, the two executive agencies will share responsibility for the following task: ➢ Ensure compliance with covenants and other obligations in the loan and grant agreements. ➢ Oversee the implementation of and compliance with the environmental review and assessment framework, initial environmental examinations and environmental management plans (where required), indigenous peoples planning framework, and indigenous peoples plans (where required). ➢ Submit the due diligence reports for non-infrastructure activities, and the preliminary studies and feasibility studies (where applicable) for infrastructure subprojects to ADB for review and approval. ➢ Submit semi-annual independent safeguard monitoring reports to ADB (iii) Key implementing NCDDS is responsible for Output 1, MAFF is responsible for Output agencies 2. The implementing agency will designate a staff member to be the project environment safeguard officer (ESO). Provincial Level (iv) Provincial Support A PST will be established in each project province, incorporating Team (PST) provincial staff of the implementing agency ministries. PST responsible are: ➢ Support five provincial counterpart staff as follows: (i) a provincial deputy governor to be responsible overall, (ii) a contract/finance administration officer who also serves as a facilitator, (iii) an agriculture coordinator, (iv) an agriculture marketing and ICT support officer, and (v) a gender focal point seconded from the departments of agriculture, and women’s affairs. ➢ Plan and manage the assigned functions consistent with decentralization, all project implementation guidelines and the project administration manual (PAM). ➢ Ensure that the procedures in planning at the commune level are correctly followed to ensure that the selected subprojects respond to the priorities of the target communes and the project impact. ➢ Supervise and support the activities of the commune councils in respect of rural infrastructure subprojects and livelihood improvement activities.

Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities ➢ Facilitate the support of provincial line departments in providing Technical Clearance of rural infrastructure subprojects and in supervising and monitoring the construction and impact of the subprojects. ➢ Provide capacity building training and mentoring for the district and commune staff. ➢ Monitor the progress of implementation at district and commune level and assist in the resolution of problems and constraints. ➢ Ensure timely reporting to the NCDDS and MAFF in terms physical and financial progress of the project activities at the sub-national level. ➢ Provide regular updates of the NCDDS on-line database for all commune level activities. ➢ Facilitate the participation of the commune staff in the formulation of the annual work plans and budget. ➢ Ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and in particular, the road designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Rural Development, and the irrigation designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology. ➢ Coordinate capacity building training and mentoring for DST members to facilitate support to LIGs, MIGs, and other groups. Commune Level (iv) Project Implementation ➢ Commune councils will implement infrastructure subprojects – units – Commune contracting and supervising construction contractors and Councils (CC) owning and operating the finished facilities. ➢ Recruit one commune mobile access worker (CMAW) in each commune to support project implementation. ➢ Manage the variable block grant commune development funds (CDFs) to support rural infrastructure subprojects, livelihood improvement activities and commune administration costs. ➢ Identify appropriate rural infrastructure subprojects that enhance agricultural productivity in the project target villages for inclusion in the annual Commune Investment Plan. ➢ Procure works or services as per Commune/Sangkat PIM and/or instruction from NCDDS. Participate in provincial PRC as a member to procure works for their commune when the total subproject cost beyond the threshold of the commune councils to procure through PIM. ➢ Award and manage contracts and monitor works construction under their responsibility ➢ Open and operate bank accounts at a commercial bank, as per official request from the National Committee for Disaster

Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities Management Secretariat/MEF to receive funding from the project. ➢ Submit monthly physical and financial progress reports to the PST through district support team (DST). ➢ Contract and manage external service providers to provide technical training and demonstrations to the members of the LIGs to support their livelihood improvement activities.

32. The subproject civil works for village road will be included in commune development plans (CDP), confirming community interest and funds to contractors will be paid by relevant commune councils. 33. Final design for village road subproject was finalised and support in bid preparation, and construction supervision has undertaken by a Design and Supervision Consultants (D&S Consultant) and selected by a procurement review committee (PRC) composed of representatives from the implementing agencies. 34. A provincial support team (PST) has established for each province. The PSTs will ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and, in particular, that road designs are approved at provincial level by the provincial department of rural development, and that irrigation designs are approved by the provincial departments of water resources and meteorology. 35. The D&S Consultant will support CC and PST to prepare tender and contract construction documents. The commune councils will therefore act as the project implementation units for the infrastructure outputs. The commune councils will remain the project owners and will award the contract, manage the contract, and monitor the construction. The D&S Consultant will assist commune councils to monitor construction standards and facilitate monthly coordination at provincial level. 36. For the environmental aspects of the project, the safeguard unit within NCDDS will assign a suitably qualified staff member to be the project Environmental Safeguards Officer (ESO). 37. ESO will supervise, coordinate and assist in the implementation of environmental safeguards for the project. In coordination with subnational government counterparts and working closely with the Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) of the project implementation consultants (PIC) and the NES and NCC of the Infrastructure Design and Supervision consultant team (D&S Team), the officer will: a. Assist the commune councils to implement the environmental management plan (EMP) or Environmental Code of Conduct measures for each subproject. b. Provide training to commune councils and contractors as necessary to facilitate implementation of the EMP or Environmental Code of Conduct. c. Assist commune councils in their monitoring responsibilities under the EMP. d. Working with the implementing agency’s complaint unit, implement the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM), including; (i) instruct the commune councils and other local agencies on their responsibilities in the GRM; (ii) establish a simple registry system, to document and track grievances received (including forms to record complaints and how they have been resolved); and (iii) prepare reports on progress of the GRM for inclusion in the semi-annual environmental monitoring and quarterly project progress reports to ADB.

e. Assist in the preparation of materials for the training of commune councilors, commune mobile access workers (CMAW), PST, district support team members (DST), as well as trainers at provincial level, in the use of these tools, to enable them to deliver further training at commune level. f. Assist the National Committee for Disaster Management Secretariat to include climate resilience training at the commune level in the national disaster risk reduction program. g. Ensure that the environmental awareness and capacity building of the Project adequately covers the requirements for environmental safeguarding. h. Provide the Project Director and Project Manager with progress reports which cover environmental performance of all parties, training progress, issues outstanding and further actions recommended. 38. For Project implementation consultants (PIC) will include an Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) who will work with the ESO and assist the PSTs and commune councils to fulfil their environmental responsibilities in implementing subproject EMPs. The role of the ESCC/PIC will be to work as part of the implementing agency, helping them fulfil their supervision and monitoring responsibilities. The ESCC/PIC will also prepare inputs for the quarterly project progress report and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports for ADB. The ESCC/PIC will be contracted for the duration of the loan implementation period. 39. To enable effective national government oversight of the project, the innovative steering committee arrangement of TSSD will be continued, and will provide guidance to the executing and implementing agencies without creating excessive additional institutional burden. CARD will handle the steering committee functions as part of its regular meetings and other meetings as needed and will ensure that project performance is monitored throughout implementation up to completion. 40. Environmental monitoring during operation of the subprojects in the longer term is the responsibility of the commune. 4. Updated EMPs Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual Arrangements

41. It is noted that environmental considerations have been incorporated in the design, bidding documents, and civil works contracts to ensure environmentally responsive procurement. The cost of all mitigation measures during construction have been included in all bidding documents and signed contracts. 42. Two Core Sub-projects. EMP of Chbar Ampov Village Road Rehabilitation has been updated and approved by ADB in December 2018. The updated EMP has incorporated into bidding and contract to be implemented by contractor. The EMP for Lvea Irrigation Rehabilitation has been updated and submitted to ADB for review and approval. 43. Sub-projects Selection and Environmental Screening. Based on engineer team, 84 subprojects were selected. As the result, 69 subprojects were screened on environment in March 2019 (Table 5). Thirty four subprojects are categorized as Category C and another 34 subprojects are categorized as Category B. In addition, NCDD has selected 7 priority subproject (one subproject of each project) to be prepared the environmental categorization report and EMP/CoC (See Table 6) to submit to ADB for prior review before bidding.

Table 5: Environmental Screening of Selected Subprojects Sub-projects Provinces Env't Cat.A Env't Cat.B Env't Cat.C (SPs) 1. Tboul Khmum (TBM) 6 0 2 4 2. Kampong Cham (KPC) 11 0 5 6 3. Kampong Thom (KTM) 12 0 9 3 4. Siem Reap (SRP) 15 3 7 5 5. Banteay Meanchey (BMC) 10 0 6 6 6. Battambang (BTB) 8 0 3 5 7. Prey Veng (PVG) 7 0 2 5 TOTAL 69 3 34 34 Note: Env’t Cat.A: Category A, Env’t Cat.B: Category B, Env’t Cat.C: Category C Source: SSP6, 2019

Table 6: Seven Priority Subprojects

Subproject Environment Environmental Provinces District Subprojects Name Scope of Project Type Category Requirement 1. Tboul Khmum (TBM) Ponhekaek Trapeang Phlong Road DBST Pavement Road, 0.79km-Lght, 5m- C CoC DBST Road Wth and 1:1.5 of side slope with 2 place of Upgrading double pipe culvert, 1000mm-dia. and 6m- lgth. 2. Kampong Cham (KPC) Batheay Tang Krasang Road Subproject Output Description: C CoC Concrete Road Reinforced Concrete Pavement Road, Upgrading 0.476km-Lght, 4m-Wth, 0.5m-Shoulder and 1:1.5 of side slope with 1 place of single pipe culvert, 800mm-dia. and 6m-lgth. 3. Kampong Thom (KTM) Santuk Rehabilitate Pnov Irrigation 1,538 m length C CoC Secondary Canal 4. Siem Reap (SRP) Chi Kraeng Russei Lok Laterite Road Laterite Pavement Road, Length of 2.970 C CoC Road Improvement km, Width of 6m and 1:1.5 of side slope with 3 place of Pipe culvert, 1000 mm diameter and 7 m-length. 5. Banteay Meanchey Thmor Kok Romiet Laterite Road Laterite Pavement Road,150mm-thk, length C CoC (BMC) Pourk Road Improvement of 4.10 km, Width of 5.0 m and 1:1.5 of side slope with 5 place of Single pipe/culvert, 1000mm diameter. and 6m- length 6. Battambang (BTB) Moung Rehabilitate Kakaoh Irrigation 4,340 m length C CoC Russei Tertiary canal 7. Prey Veng (PVG) KampongTr Rehabilitate Kansom Irrigation 1,627 m length C CoC abeak Ak Secondary Canal Source: SSP6, June 2019

III. ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE MONITORING

44. As mentioned in above paragraph, none of civil work implemented, because the commence date of Chbar Ampov is planned on 17 July 2019.

IV. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CAPABILITY BUILDING

45. Public Consultations and meetings. On March 2019, ES conducted environmental secreening for selected subprojects while the public consultation also conducted at each subproject. 46. Training. From 26 May 2019 to 6 June 2019, one-day training on environment was conducted at each provinces. The training purpose is instruct the provincial level staff about ADB environment safeguards requirement for TSSD-AF. The training covered on environmental safeguard requirement, GRM training, GRC Responsibility and environmental monitoring during construction phase. Training proposal, training material, pictorial and list of participants during the training is attached in Annex 2.

to to commune, district and provincial level in order to instruct all stakeholder. Totally, 366 Participants (57 female and 309 male) attended the training on

Table 7: Safeguard Training

Provinces Training Date # of Participants I. National Level 26 May 2019 – 6 June 2019 1. NCDD Team - 6 2. PIC team - 2 3. SSP6 - 17 Sub-total (1) 25 II. Provincial Level 1. Tboul Khmum (TBM) 5 June 2019 27 2. Kampong Cham (KPC) 5 June 2019 46 3. Kampong Thom (KTM) 31 May 2019 53 4. Siem Reap (SRP) 30 May 2019 66 5. Banteay Meanchey 29 May 2019 49 (BMC) 6. Battambang (BTB) 27 May 2019 65 7. Prey Veng (PVG) 6 June 2019 35 Sub-total (2) 341 Grand Total 366 Source: PIC 2019 47. Material Development/production. The project information booklet on environment is preparing and plan to submit to ADB for review and approval. The PIB consists on a summary of project information, negative and positive impacts might be happened during project implementation.

V. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

48. The grievance redress mechanism(GRM) has been prepared and integrated into the updated EMP for Chbar Ampov and Lvea irrigation sub-projects and the updated EMP for Lvea has been approved by ADB in December 2018, while the updated EMP for Chbar Ampove is under review by ADB. An induction on GRM procedures and recording mechanism

will be provided to key/relevant staff in all target provinces will be provided. The GRM procedures is shown in Figure 6. 49. The grievance redress mechanism process is described as bellow: Stage 1 – Contractors/Village Heads, Commune Council – One Week: If a concern arises during construction, the affected person will submit a written or oral complaint to the contractor/village heads/Commune Council directly. Whenever possible, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will resolve the issue directly with the affected person. The contractor/village heads/Commune Council will give a clear reply within one week. If successful, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will inform the complaints unit accordingly (See Attachment 5: GRM – Complaint Recording Form). Stage 2 – District/Provincial Level (Project Supporting Team – PST) – 5 Working Days: If no appropriate solution can be found, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council should forward the complaint to the PST within 5 working days it may also submit a written or oral complaint to the PST. The PST will investigate and identify the solution and provide a clear reply for the complainant within 5 working days. The environment consultants of the loan implementation consultancy service will assist the PST in replying to the affected person. The PST will timely convey the complaint/grievance and suggested solution to the contractors/village heads/Commune Council or operators of facilities. The contractors during construction and the operators during operation will implement the agreed upon redress solution and report the outcome to the complaints unit within 7 working days. Stage 3 – Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) – 10 Working Days. This level has 10 working days within which meets with the aggrieved party and tries to resolve the situation. Within 10 working days of submission of the grievance, the Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) must make a written decision and submit copies to the PST, Contractor/Village Head/Commune Council and the APs. If the complaint still not be solved at this stage, the complaint may be brought to ADB, the following steps will be taken:

o Special Mission or Judicial System: the IA (NCDD & MAFF) will inform ADB to convene a special mission to attempt a resolution prior to use of the Cambodian judicial system;

o Accountability Mechanism of the ADB. In addition, Aps may always contact the Complaints Receiving Officer of the ADB Through ADB Cambodia Residential Mission; 29 Suramarit Blvd. (St.268), Sangkat Chatomuk, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; (+855) 23 215 805; (+855) 23 215 807; www.adb.org/cambodia. 50. During construction, the complaints unit will be informed by contractors and construction supervisors, commune council’s staff, if people complain about the project. During operation, the complaints unit will be advised of complaints by the commune council. The complaints unit will also inform the ADB project team and submit all relevant documents such as contact persons for the sub-project provided to affected persons and including the sign boards at construction sites, camps and each village that show the contact person information. 51. In this report, the GRM is not yet established and GRC responsible was also identified and submitted to NCDD for review and approval (See Annex 4).

Figure 6: GRM System

Grievances/complaints by APs, Groups or Institutions

Oral or written Solutio complaint n Found Stage 2: District/Provincial Level Stage 1: (Provincial Support Team Contractor/Village Reportin – PST) Inform if solved; Forward if not solved

Complain ts Unit

under IA solved Forward if not if not Forward Reportin solved; if Inform Reportin Stage 3: Key Implementation Agency (IA)

Record complaint, inform relevant stakeholder

Investigation, consultation and coordination as Reporti appropriate ng Solution found

Implement Solution During During Construction Operation

Contractor Commune

ADB = Asian Development Bank; AP = affected person; CC = commune council; GRM = grievance redress mechanism; IA = implementing agency.

VI. CONCLUSION AND NEXT ACTIVITY PLAN

52. In conclusion, some agreed action on EMP implementation in Chbar Ampov Road Subproject and Lvea Irrigation Subproject were implemented such as disclosure the project information booklet, conduct public consultation and develop the GRC responsible. In term of Lvea Irrigation Subproject, the civil work is suspended while the safeguard requirement is being compliant. In the next semi-annual environmental monitoring report, environmental activities will be included: ➢ Reporting on environmental screening and report preparation of selected subprojects in 2019 for prior review by ADB before contract award, ➢ Instructing the new contractor of Chbar Ampov Road improvement project to prepare construction environmental management plan, and ➢ Establishing the environment GRM

ATTACHMENTS

Annex 1: Environment Safeguards Training Proposal

Annex 2: Training Material

Annex 3: Pictorial of Environmental Training

Annex 4: List of Training Participants

Annex 5: Consultation / Interview Form

Date of Interview Interviewer Name

Interview Site: Stakeholder Name & Status: Where is the interview held? In Full name, status is school, on the road, business owner, school in shop teacher, religious leader, resident

Construction Site & Has this stakeholder been Date Construction interviewed before? Started Yes (when were they Which road, GPS interviewed) No location if available Interview Discussion Points:

1. NOISE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person disturbed by noise? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the noise come from? e.g. traffic, machinery, people, music When did it disturb the person? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

During the construction, is the person disturbed by noise from the project? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? All day, at night, intermittently?

If noise from construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

2. AIR QUALITY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person affected by air pollution or dust? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the pollution or dust come from? e.g. traffic, machinery, construction, burning garbage, cooking stoves When was the dust or pollution a problem? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

During the project, is the person disturbed by dust or pollution? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? E.g. increased traffic congestion, construction machinery, construction workers, burning construction garbage etc. When did it disturb the person? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

If dust or air pollution from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

3. VEGETATION AND LAND USE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, what was the vegetation like in the project area? e.g. pasture land, trees, shrubs, rice fields.

During the project, has the person found the vegetation situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when.

If impact on vegetation is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are made?

4. COMMUNITY SAFETY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, can you describe the community safety situation in the project area? e.g. no problems, some accidents, difficulty crossing the roads

During the project, has the person found the community safety situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when. Slower traffic so easier to cross the roads, construction vehicles are making a crossing harder / easier, more accidents / less accidents, construction site dangers

If change in road safety is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are made?

5. WATER QUALITY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person affected by poor water quality? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How was it polluted?

During the project, is the person affected by water pollution? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How is quality being affected?

If water quality from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

6. ACCESS Record of Discussion

During the project, is the person affected by reduced access to their business, home or land? Access to what is limited, and how?

If access limitations are not acceptable, please suggest changes which can be made?

7. OTHER ISSUES Record of Discussion

Any other issues about the construction sites that the person wants to discuss? e.g. wastewater concerns, waste disposal, other concerns, labor force,

Annex 6: Draft GRC Responsible