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Home , Adolf Hitler, Konrad Henlein, Sudeten German Party

THE CONFERENCE

The Situation in

BACKGROUND GUIDE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Letter from the Dais ...... 3

Letter from the Chair ...... 4

Committee Description ...... 5

Context ...... 6 Hitler’s Early Life ...... 6 Hitler’s Beginning in ...... 7 The Effects of the Depression ...... 8 Czechoslovakia and the Depression ...... 8 Hitler’s Vision ...... 9 The Crisis Over , 1937-1938 ...... 9 The Consequences of the ...... 10 The German Minority in Czechoslovakia ...... 10

Current Situation ...... 12 Czechoslovak and German Assets ...... 13 Questions to Consider ...... 14

Dossiers ...... 15

References ...... 18

Letter from the Dais

Dear Delegates,

Welcome to SciMUNC XIII! We’re so excited to have you all here and hope this will be a great experience for every one of you. It is an honor for us, Stephanie Gallent and Gidget Rosen, to be your chairs for the crisis regarding the Munich Conference of 1938. Hi, everyone! I’m Stephanie, and I’ve been in Model UN since my freshman year. Over

Jack Tapay the years, I’ve been able to practice my public speaking, hone my research skills, and gain confidence in my performance in committee. I hope that this conference will foster Secretary -General the same kind of growth for you. Outside of Model UN, I’m a member of my school’s

Green Team, where my peers and I work very hard to make such a big school a more Jachym Harwood sustainable place. Being in a crisis committee can be very daunting, and there is Lillian Tzanev certainly a learning curve when it comes to succeeding in crisis. I’d also like to remind Directors-General everyone that this is a potentially sensitive topic that requires delicacy, so take care to respect your fellow delegates throughout the course of committee. I’m looking forward Krish Shah to seeing you all participate in intense debate and react to sudden changes of course in

USG of Administration December! Hey everyone! My name is Gidget Rosen, and I am one of the co-chairs for this Sebastian Midura committee. I began doing Model UN in eighth grade, and it has been incredibly

USG of General Assemblies influential on the way I interpret the world around me. It has only grown my love for and Specialized Committees public speaking and networking with others, and I hope to share that with you at this conference. Other than Model UN, I love to ski, play lacrosse, travel, and learn Menasha Thomas languages. Last year, I took a World II-specific history class, which inspired me to

Deputy-USG of General choose this topic, and I am really excited to see what you, as delegates, will bring to this Assemblies and Specialized committee. Committees My name is Julia Gallent, and I am going to be the rapporteur for this committee. I joined Model UN my freshman year after coming to the information session and a few Rizwan Kazi meetings because I felt really when I knew all about a topic inside and out. Since USG of Crisis Committees then, I’ve loved coming to every club meeting! Outside of Model UN, I play softball and take singing lessons. This is a topic that requires much thought and I can’t wait to Celeste Abourjeili see what you all bring to the table.

Deputy-USG of Crisis Committees Sincerely, Diane D. Steiker Stephanie Gallent ([email protected]) Faculty Advisor Gidget Rosen ([email protected]) Julia Gallent ([email protected]) Dais of the Munich Conference

75 West 205th Street Bronx, NY 10468 [email protected] www.scimun.com SciMUNC XIII | 4

Letter from the Chair CCol Friends, It is I, Hitler, Führer of . As you all must know by now, I covet the land currently possessed by Czechoslovakia known as the . This is not for an unwarranted reason, though others may argue so; there is an oppressed German minority within the country, and it is my duty as the leader of Germany to bring all German minorities under the rule of the Third Reich. The ethnic within Czechoslovakia have shown their utmost support for the Sudetenland’s absorption into Germany. In May, during its municipal elections, Czechoslovakia ceded more than seventy-five percent representation to the Sudeten , which has proclaimed its allegiance to German . The Sudetenland would even benefit from German occupation, in that I might rid it of its Communist tendencies. has undoubtedly been harboring Soviet aerodromes and military roads under the control of Soviet officials. Intervention by means of taking control of Sudetenland would help contain the spread of the ideological disease known as Communism. I look forward to our discussions in Munich, so that we may diplomatically determine how to proceed regarding the Sudetenland. I trust that you will make the right choice.

Sincerely,

Adolf Hitler

5 | The Munich Conference

Committee Description CCol Preface • Communiques: A formal message from a committee or delegate to be sent to other For those who are new to Crisis Committees, it bodies or individuals. If sent from the is essential to note that a Crisis Committee is committee, communiques must first be different than a General Assembly in a few key approved by the committee. ways. In a broad sense, Crisis Committees and General Assemblies differ in their committee • Press Releases: Open public size, extent of influence, and degree of restraint. announcements, directed to the people, With these differences in mind, delegates must often to calm national tensions or reveal approach Crisis Committees differently than official action and policies. Press releases they would General Assemblies. Often, must be approved by the committee. delegates find that greater effort is necessary in • Crisis Notes: Action taken by an researching their position, as their relevance in individual delegate in accordance with Crisis Committees is greater than in General their resources and abilities. For example, Assemblies. This is largely due to the fact that a Minister of the Interior may send a note in General Assemblies, delegates participate in to the Crisis Room requesting to place larger bodies with less urgency for problem police officers on patrol in front of the solving, and are usually assigned a country house of another delegate to investigate rather than an individual as their position. who enters and leaves. That being said, delegates new to Crisis • Directives: Formal actions taken by the Committees should not feel intimidated. Small entirety of the committee. In order for a committee sizes typical to Crisis Committees directive to be passed, it must be provide delegates with an environment to approved by the committee. express their opinions more easily. Furthermore, the urgent nature of Crisis Committees encourages collaboration between delegates and an understanding of backroom and crisis notes. Crisis Structure

Throughout the duration of this committee, our crisis staff will develop a narrative in response to the solutions delegates put out that will culminate in crisis updates. Delegates will be tasked with responding to crisis updates through documents such as directives and crisis notes, which will be developed during a series of moderated and unmoderated caucuses. Delegates ought to accurately represent their position and act on behalf of their stances and interests. This can be done through a series of actions unique to Crisis Committees, which are explained below:

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Context CCol Hitler’s Early Life . During his free time, Hitler would read some German and Austrian newspapers, which was born in 1889 in Braunau am often discussed some people’s fears of Inn, a small town in what was then considered taking over , as well as politically-driven part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. From books. He was quickly influenced by authors his early years in Volksschule, or primary such as , a key figure of the school, Hitler was already combatting the Protestant Reformation, as well as Georg Ritter disciplinary practices in place inside the von Schönerer, a strong German nationalist classroom. This, along with the death of his and anti-Semite. brother in 1900, turned Hitler from an eager boy to a solemn, introverted child. His drastic Just prior to the start of I, Hitler change in behavior created a large rift in the moved to Munich, Germany, where he was relationship between himself and his father, miraculously, considering he was an Austrian which played a big role in Hitler’s desire to man, enlisted into the . He pursue an artistic path rather than a technical participated in a series of battles throughout the one when he reached higher levels of education. war, and eventually received the as an award from his Jewish superior officer, due Hitler applied to an art school in , the to his unique sense of courage. capital of Austria, where he was rejected upon two separate occasions in the same year that his At the close of , Germany fell mother, with whom he was very close, died of victim to the , where global breast cancer. After two years of barely getting leaders decided that Germany had provoked by in Vienna, Hitler ran out of money and . The Treaty dictated that Germany had bounced around between living in homeless to pay for war reparations, drastically decrease shelters and hostels. the size of its military and the cost of military spending, and demilitarize the , a During this time, Hitler earned his money section of Germany found alongside the through painting and selling his artwork on the River, which separates Germany from France. streets of Vienna. This exposed him to a plethora of people, where daily he listened to conversations regarding politics, religion, and

7 | The Munich Conference

Hitler’s Beginning in Politics become the party’s primary , and his public speaking skills allowed him to easily Hitler returned to Munich, Germany, where he sway crowds of hundreds of people. quickly dove into the world of politics. He was recognized almost instantly by the then- After a small feud with executive members of chairman of the Deutsche Arbeiter Partei the NSDAP, Hitler became frustrated and (DAP), or the German Workers’ Party, Anton decided to resign from the party. Given he was Drexler for his exceptional oratory skills. the primary orator of the party and thus the Drexler gave Hitler a copy of My Political backbone to all party affairs, Hitler agreed to Awakening, a pamphlet that outlined a series of rejoin under the condition he would replace anti-Marxist and nationalist ideals. The as party . following week, Hitler had become a member Hitler gained an even larger following, speaking of the DAP. constantly in beer halls and public venues to

In September 1919, Hitler wrote his earliest what became regular audiences. In 1922, Hitler known words of anti-Semitism, telling his decided to use , the friend in what is now known as the Gemlich leader of Italy, and his “” as letter of his belief that it was in the German inspiration for an event known as the Beer Hall government’s best interest to remove the Jewish Putsch. The was when Hitler population entirely. stormed a public meeting led by the German government, ultimately staging a coup against The following year, the DAP rebranded itself, it. This coup failed, and Hitler was soon changing its name to the NSDAP, or arrested and sentenced to 5 years in prison. Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei. During his time in prison, Hitler dictated the Hitler contributed by designing the flag, which book , which served as the basis of featured a in the center. The Nazism and Hitler’s regime in the coming party had grown, and now consisted of people years. In this book, Hitler outlined his who were extremely anti-Marxist and wished to intentions for turning German society into one overthrow the government of the that was heavily racially focused. The primary Republic, which was the government of focus of the book was that Jewish people were Germany at that time. At this point, Hitler had

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the “germs”, and they were ultimately going to By this point, Hitler had become a prominent be the cause of the downfall of society. The only political figure, and hence, decided to run for solution, Hitler proposed, was to exterminate president in the 1932 election. His opponent them. was , who was the president of the time. Hitler lost by a small The Effects of the Depression margin, but he had established a national name In 1929, the stock markets in the United States for himself in the political world, which fueled crashed, sending the world into a global Great his ambitions even further. Depression. Germany was left particularly The following year, the German government vulnerable because of the economic deficit that was at a standstill and was unable to produce a Germany took on for its war expenses. By stable, effective government. Some politicians 1932, the decline in German GDP (Gross crafted a letter to von Hindenburg, persuading Domestic Product) was thirty-seven percent, him to appoint Hitler as chancellor. Von and one in every three German people were Hindenburg reluctantly agreed, and Hitler was unemployed. The statistical figure for German thereafter declared . unemployment in 1932 was six million people, but the actual figure is likely much higher, Czechoslovakia and the Depression because those who were unemployed before the Meanwhile, in the German districts of stopped receiving Czechoslovakia, otherwise known as the government support, and thus, were no longer Sudetenland, where many factories specializing included in statistical records. in products for export were established, the Hitler took Germany’s economic downfall as a Depression had a lasting effect. Hitler took chance to advance his political agenda. He advantage of this as well, and in Hitler’s would make speeches directed towards those messages to , he convinced who were affected most by the massive levels of them to blame all of their problems on the inflation within the country and emphasized Czech people and government. He promised how the German government’s attempts at these enclaves of Germans that they would once restabilizing the economy were ineffective. again be the “upper dogs” once he reorganized Europe into the Mitteleuropa he envisioned.

9 | The Munich Conference

The Sudeten people along with German The Crisis Over Austria, 1937-1938 nationals living in Czechoslovakia shifted their On November 5, 1937, Hitler convened Nazi loyalty from the Czechoslovakian government military and political officials to explain his to Hitler, and he gained many more followers plan for expanding . He resolved to within Czechoslovakia as a result. attack Austria and Czechoslovakia, seizing Hitler’s Vision eastern territory. Although the threats were

In his 1924 book, Mein Kampf, Adolf Hitler made clear to surrounding European countries, stressed his ambitions to increase lebensraum, the two most militaristically powerful– Britain or living space, for the German people. and France– had not publicly opposed Hitler or attempted to combat his military’s advances. When Hitler became chancellor, one of the first things he focused on was reversing the effects of Four months later, Hitler gave Kurt the Treaty of Versailles, which stood in his way Schuschnigg, the chancellor of Austria, an from gaining territory and becoming closer to ultimatum: Schuschnigg would agree to an his goal of Mitteleuropa. Despite the Treaty of Anschluss, or a peaceful unification of Versailles stipulating that Germany would Germany and Austria, otherwise Germany reduce its military to 100,000 men, Hitler would conquer Austria itself. Austria and drastically increased the size of the military. Germany had been toying with the idea of a Whereas the Treaty ordered that Germany unification for years, so this did not come as a demilitarize the Rhineland, Hitler ordered his surprise to anyone. Prior to the existence of the ever expanding militia into the Rhineland in in Austria, many were in 1936. This was meant to intimidate the favor of a unification. However, by 1938, they Western Europeans and provide him with more felt marginalized by the party and had no territory to become more aggressive in the interest in becoming part of ’s region. Britain and France have complained regime. However, because of the external each time Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles, pressure that Hitler placed on Schuschnigg, but both have yet to retaliate with force. internal pressure from the Austrian Nazi party, and the lack of support from Austrian

nationals, Schuschnigg resigned and the leader

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of the Austrian Nazi party subsequently invited of winning any offensives against Germany, Germany to occupy Austria. When Hitler whether military or economic – yet they chose ordered German troops to cross the Germany- to remain dormant rather than retaliate. Austria border, the Austrian military decided The German Minority in not to resist. Czechoslovakia The Consequences of the Anschluss The existence of the Sudeten Germans is the result of a symbiotic relationship between There is a lesson to be learned from this quite Czechoslovakia and Germany. Slav tribes from recent event, especially for Britain and France. the fifth and sixth centuries settled in modern- The balance of power during the crisis in day Czechoslovakia, and as good neighbors, Austria was tilted heavily against Germany in were in constant with the early months of 1938. German troops did despite the Lusatian mountain range separating not exercise good practices when it came to the two peoples. Slav princes invited the being on the road, which caused many traffic German courtiers, or royal companions or jams and thus severed their own supply lines to advisers, to join their courts. These courtiers Austria. During the same months, the western were followed by artisans, priests, and people of border of Germany was maintained by only a other important occupations. These Germans dozen German divisions, many of which had came willingly, and the accepted them elderly people from reserve units that had not with open arms; they were ambitious and received military training in two decades. This determined to improve their financial meant that the was unable to prospects. It was the early German settlers in defend its western border from potential Czechoslovakia who established the foundation counterattacks by the French. for the existence of the present-day Sudeten Since both Germany’s economy and foreign German minority in the country. exchange were weakened, they did not have the The Census of 1930 in Czechoslovakia financial means to be in a war against Britain recorded that there were 3,231,688 Sudeten and France, as it could not import the raw Germans living in Czechoslovakia. This materials needed for a potential war endeavor. number is large, but ultimately insignificant, as Britain and France had very optimistic chances

11 | The Munich Conference

it is far from forming a uniform entity within Czechoslovak territory. The German minority is scattered across the country, and even the most heavily-populated German cities in Czechoslovakia still have a significant Czech population.

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Current Situation CCol Czechoslovakia is in a difficult geographical control of its own affairs. Most significantly, he location. To the west, it borders Germany, a claims that German minorities are particularly clear threat. Hitler is making clear and active oppressed in Czechoslovakia. This follows his efforts to expand Germany’s borders, and proclamation from that all German Czechoslovakia is an obstacle to that goal. minorities must be absorbed into the Third lies to the north, which is certain to be Reich in an attempt to rationalize his a target of Hitler in the near future. This means hegemonistic tendencies. that Poland is on the defensive. In the south, One of the greatest problems that there is Austria, which is now under the Czechoslovakia faces today is its commitment complete jurisdiction of Adolf Hitler and Nazi to , and its admirable Germany, as well as a hostile . To the tendency to practice the democracy that it east lies , a doubtful ally. preaches. This to free speech allows German Czechoslovakia realizes its geographic minorities in Czechoslovakia to preach in favor disadvantage, and has made a defensive pact of Hitler and Nazi ideals, making assertions with the Russians as a result. that anywhere else would certainly be Czechoslovakia is also close to the Danube considered . The main source of this River, which is a very advantageous direction anti-Czechoslovak, pro-Third Reich sentiment for military entry into . Hitler is , the leader of the Sudeten has specifically targeted Danubian Europe as German Party. part of his quest for lebensraum and Members of the , also Mitteleuropa, and has succeeded in weakening known as Henleiners due to the name of their French influence there with the help of leader, are causing trouble in Czechoslovakia. Mussolini’s Italian forces. Hitler’s next goal is The Henleiners demand that the to weaken Czechoslovakia enough for invasion, Czechoslovakian government recognize the largely by means of . He German minority, including Sudeten Germans continuously accuses Prague of housing Soviet not within the party, as an autonomous people military roads and aerodromes, as well as acting within the state of Czechoslovakia. This would on whims of Soviet officials. He attempts to give them the legal right to declare allegiance to paint Czechoslovakia as a country not in

13 | The Munich Conference

Hitler rather than to the state. In this way, a school in Milovitz, an artillery school in totalitarian German state dedicated to the , a cavalry school in Hodonin, and an Führer could be legally established inside of an aviation school in . It has both a regular otherwise democratic state. This demand, army and gendarmerie (police force), which is which is of paramount importance to the currently organized on military lines and Sudeten German Party, is incompatible with efficient at guarding borders. At the age of the fundamental principles of democracy which twenty, Czech men are conscripted (enlisted in Czechoslovakia stands by firmly; the the military) for fourteen months. There are Czechoslovakian constitution grants freedom twelve divisions of Czechoslovak infantry; of decision and freedom of political views to the sixteen regiments of light artillery; fourteen individual, not to a group. The Sudeten regiments of heavy artillery; mountain, German Party also demands that motorized, cavalry, anti-aircraft artilleries; six Czechoslovakia give up its defensive alliance regiments of flyers, ten regiments of cavalry, with Russia, which would mean suicide for balloonists and railway specialists.

Czechoslovakia– it is surrounded, as previously Czechoslovakia is a highly industrialized mentioned, by hostility, doubt, and danger. country, still affected by the Great Depression, Czechoslovak and German Assets but considerably less so than Germany. According to the most recent census, it carries Through their past interactions with Germany, 566 planes, which are mostly high-speed and Czechoslovakia has shown that they are willing well-equipped in case of a material or human to compromise with Germany to get what they loss during flight, 200 , and a regiment of both want; that is, until Germany becomes armored cars. more powerful and threatens their independence. Its tenacity and willingness to Thirteen percent of the Czechoslovakian stand up for democracy is impressive, and must budget goes towards weaponry; the German not be underestimated when making a decision military receives about half of that figure from at Munich this September. its own government. German officials understand that not only does Czechoslovakia Consider Czechoslovakia’s military assets. It have these assets, but also that the country has houses a military college in Prague, an infantry

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already fortified the mountains along the Questions to Consider Czech-German frontier. Germany is currently 1. Is your character in favor of or against only able to spare five active-duty and five ? This is a central question, so reserve divisions to protect the western German be sure to establish your priorities in a way that is true to your character. border, whose fortifications are already weak.

These divisions will have to face off against 2. What do you have to gain– or, more importantly, lose– from the absorption of fifty-six French divisions in the case that France the Sudetenland into Germany? intervenes. Although Hitler is aware of this– his 3. Consider your geographical assets. How advisers have warned him of these facts many might they help you or harm you based on times– he maintains that the German troops are your relationship with Adolf Hitler? superior to those of Britain and France due to 4. What are the odds that Germany will the German race and spirit. The Führer has succeed without the support of your character and their country? What assets do disregarded British and French power, as well, you have to offer Hitler that could due to real and imagined weaknesses that the potentially be used against him? two countries have. He claims that Britain is too preoccupied with affairs in other corners of the world to combat Germany (growing influence of America over the Atlantic, fights with Italy in the Mediterranean and Japan in East Asia, India and Ireland “eroding the empire” from within) (Shaw), and that France’s domestic fissures made it “too weak and divided to pose the slightest threat”. Hitler continues to disregard his own country’s weaknesses, a fault that is in itself a weakness that can be taken advantage of.

15 | The Munich Conference

Dossiers CCol violence in order to gain his status as the ruler Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of the country, and has since developed a close relationship with Hitler. Chamberlain has spent years in the British Parliament, and he is commonly known for his “appeasement” policy, where he focuses on Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs negotiation with threatening and violent Ciano has always been Fascist. He married nations over confrontation. Mussolini’s daughter in 1930, which granted him political positions where he was in charge of the press and propaganda. That has shifted Politically-oriented and outspoken British into his present job of Minister of Foreign man. Churchill was born into a political family, Affairs. and was once a British politician. He has tumbled between being part of government and being disclosed from government for many Member of the Italian Senate and Vice President of years, resulting in his state of being distrusted Bocconi University in Milan by varying British political parties. Ghostwriter of part of The Doctrine of with Benito Mussolini. Gentile was named the Member of British Parliament Minister of Public Education under Mussolini’s rule, and guided the Italian school Previously Secretary of State for Foreign system towards a complete Fascist socialization. Affairs. He recently stepped down from his position in of Chamberlain’s Albert Lebrun “appeasement” policies. President of France Sir Nevile Henderson Born to a farming family, he found his way into British Ambassador Extraordinary and a top-notch education and became a mining Plenipotentiary to Germany engineer. At age 29, he became a politician as part of the Democratic Republican Alliance, Henderson is a seasoned British politician, and which was a progressive party that sought to his distaste for the French government since the reform economic policy to benefit the people. Treaty of Versailles has made him inclined to support the Nazis. Georges-Étienne Bonnet Foreign Minister of France and a leader of the French Sir Samuel Hoare Radical-Socialist Party Home Secretary of the United Kingdom Incredibly intelligent, Bonnet studied at the He has spent much of his career between being Sorbonne and graduated in both law and involved in British foreign affairs and working political science. Bonnet was a strong supporter in the military. of appeasement, and was thus very inclined to Benito Mussolini support an agreement at Munich. Prime Minister of Fascist Italy Édouard Daladier He became a political activist in Italy around Prime Minister of France the time of the Treaty of Versailles and formed Daladier continuously switched between the Italian Fascist party. Mussolini threatened ministerial assignments as a result of the

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turbulence of the French government. Twice, Vojtěch Mastný Daladier tried to form his own government– Czechoslovakian Ambassador to Germany twice, he failed. Daladier was extremely anti- Well versed in law and government, Mastny Fascist, and led the Radical Party in France helped see many actions into government. On against any presumably Fascist attacks. top of his position in the Czechoslovakian Edvard Beneš government, he participated in many cross President of Czechoslovakia government associations. Strongly influenced by , Beneš was Klement Gottwald motivated to liberate the Czech and Slovak General Secretary of the Communist Party of people from Austrian rule. At the dissolution of Czechoslovakia Austria-Hungary, Beneš quickly helped to After serving in World War I, Gottwald establish the state of Czechoslovakia. changed paths to Journalism. Because of his Jan Syrový experience with journalism, Gottwald was able Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia to rise through the ranks of the Communist party. Due to the political closeness of the Syrový began his career as a volunteer for the with Czechoslovakia, many of the Austro-Hungarian Army, and eventually laws were based around their connections. became Chief of Staff of the Czechoslovak Army. Around the time of the Munich Conference, Beneš appointed Syrový as Prime Leader of the and the Chief of the Police Minister, but Syrový continued to act as of Nazi Germany military personnel and helped move In his time in power, Himmler majorly Czechoslovak assets away from Nazi Germany. increased the size of the SS, and created one of Kamil Krofta the first concentration camps. He continued to Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia use his status to support and expand the Nazi party. Krofta was originally a professor of Austrian and Czech history at Charles University. He later became an envoy to the Vatican and Nazi Germany Reichsminister of Foreign Affairs enabled the mutual recognition of After meeting Hitler and joining the Nazi Czechoslovakia and Vatican City. A key adviser party, Ribbentrop became the Minister of to Edvard Beneš, Krofta was appointed Foreign Affairs. Through his work, he was able Minister of Foreign Affairs under Beneš’s to secure the arms of Germany, and moved on administration, and actively resisted German to become the ambassador to Great Britain. influence in Czechoslovakia. Nazi Germany Reichsminister of Public Czechoslovakian Ambassador to the United Kingdom Enlightenment and Propaganda After serving in World War I, Masaryk took his Head of the Nazi Party of Berlin. Though his place in the Czechoslovakian government, after humble beginnings did not imply that he his father before him. He was very outspoken would become a governmental figure, his and well known. ability to present and speak well allowed him to

17 | The Munich Conference

become an administrator for a nationalist socialist group. After this, he used his artistic and educational expertise to support the Nazi party. Hermann Göring President of the One of the most influential and powerful people within the Nazi Party, very close to Hitler. President of the Reichstag and Supreme Commander of the , the Nazi . Veteran fighter pilot ace of World War I.

Reinhard Heydrich Leader of the Leader of the Gestapo, the Nazi police. A very cold-hearted man. Founded the , the intelligence party in charge of annihilating resistance to the Nazi party.

Martin Franz Julius Luther

A very close friend, confidant, and advisor of Heinrich Himmler. He is not officially part of the Nazi regime outside of his interior design project with them, however he helps Himmler make his decisions. Walther von Brauchitsch

The Supreme Commander of the Nazi army. He is very invested in the military but is not entirely pro-intervention and pro-war. The current deputy leader of the SdP (Sudetendeutsche Partei, or Sudeten German Party). He is likely to be named the new , or governor, of the Sudetenland if the Nazis take full control of it.

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References CCol Barooah, Debo P, and Debo P Barooah. “Munich Reconsidered.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 28, 1966, pp. 470–480.

L., H. “Sudeten German Claims in Czechoslovakia.” Bulletin of International News, vol. 15, no. 15, 30 July 1938, p. 3.

Petzina, Dieter. “Germany and the Great Depression.” Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, no. 4, Oct. 1969, pp. 59–74.

Press, Daryl G. “The Credibility of Power: Assessing Threats during the ‘Appeasement’ Crises of the .” International Security, vol. 29, no. 3, 2004, pp. 136–169.

Roucek, Joseph S. “Czechoslovakia—the Watchdog of Europe's Peace.” Social Science, vol. 13, no. 4, Oct. 1938, pp. 277–283.

Shaw, Roger. “Czechoslovakia in the Limelight.” The Military Engineer, vol. 30, no. 169, 1938, pp. 11–12.

Weinberg, Gerhard. Germany, Hitler and World War II: Essays in Modern German and World History. Cambridge University Press, 2004.