CHECKLIST of British Columbia BIRDS

British Columbia Field Ornithologists Taxonomy This checklist follows taxonomy and nomenclature of the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds, including supplements up to the 59th (June 2018). h p://checklist.aou.org/

Legend B Confirmed breeding (as per Atlas) b Possible/Probable breeding (as per Atlas) Winters regularly in region (may be common to rare) N Confirmed provincial nes ng prior to/since Atlas A Accidental (1 or 2 records per ecoprovince) C Casual (>2 records per ecoprovince but less than annual) I Introduced X Ex pated * Review List species

Ecoprovinces of British Columbia (See map on back cover) 1 Georgia Depression 2 Coast and Mountains/Northeast Pacific 3 Southern Interior 4 Southern Interior Mountains 5 Central Interior 6 Sub-boreal Interior 7 Boreal Plains 8 Taiga Plains 9 Northern Boreal Mountains/Southern Alaska xxxMountains Steller's Jay cover photo: William Murdock C

ode Ecoprovince ü Common Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Main List Anseriformes Ducks, Geese, & Swans CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fulvous Whistling-Duck * A Emperor Goose * C C Snow Goose Ross's Goose Greater White-fronted Goose Pink-footed Goose * A Brant Cackling Goose Canada Goose B B B B B B B B B Mute Swan I B Trumpeter Swan B B B B B B B Tundra Swan Wood Duck B B B B B B Baikal Teal * A A Garganey * C C A Blue-winged Teal B B B B B B B b B Cinnamon Teal B B B B B B b b Northern Shoveler B b B B B B B b b Gadwall B b B B B b B b Falcated Duck * A Eurasian Wigeon American Wigeon B b B B B B B B B Mallard B B B B B B B B B American Black Duck I B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Northern Pintail B b B b B b B b B Green-winged Teal B B B B B B B B B Canvasback B B B b B b B Redhead B B B b B b b Ring-necked Duck B B B B B B B B B Tufted Duck * C A A A A Greater Scaup b Lesser Scaup b B B B b B b B Steller's Eider * A A King Eider * C C Common Eider * A A A Harlequin Duck B B B B b B B B Surf Scoter N b b b White-winged Scoter b b b b b b b B Black Scoter Long-tailed Duck N b Bufflehead b B B B B B B B B Common Goldeneye B B B B B B B B B Barrow's Goldeneye B B B B B B B B B Smew * A Hooded Merganser B B B B B B B b Common Merganser B B B B B B B b B Red-breasted Merganser B b B B Ruddy Duck B B B B B B b Galliformes New World Quail Mountain Quail I,X California Quail I B B B B B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies Chukar I B b B Gray Partridge I B b b Ring-necked Pheasant I B B B B Ruffed Grouse B B B B B B B B B Greater Sage-Grouse X Spruce Grouse B B B B B B B B Willow Ptarmigan b B B B Rock Ptarmigan b B B B White-tailed Ptarmigan B B B B B B B Dusky Grouse B B B B B b b B Sooty Grouse B B B B B B Sharp-tailed Grouse B b B B B B Wild Turkey I b B B Podicipediformes Grebes Pied-billed Grebe B B B B B B B b B Horned Grebe B B B B B B B B Red-necked Grebe b B B B B B B B Eared Grebe B B B B B b Western Grebe B B Clark's Grebe B b Columbiformes Pigeons and Doves Rock Pigeon I B B B B b B B b Band-tailed Pigeon B B b b Oriental Turtle-Dove * A A Eurasian Collared-Dove I B B B b B B b b b CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Passenger Pigeon X White-winged Dove * C C A Mourning Dove B b B B b b b Cuculiformes Cuckoos Common Cuckoo * A Yellow-billed Cuckoo * C C C C Black-billed Cuckoo * A C C A A Caprimulgiformes Nightjars Lesser Nighthawk * A A Common Nighthawk B B B B B B B b B Common Poorwill B b b Eastern/Mexican Whip-poor-will * A Apodiformes Swifts Black Swift b B b B b b b Vaux's Swift B B B B b b b White-throated Swift B B B Hummingbirds Mexican Violetear * A Rivoli's Hummingbird * A Ruby-throated Hummingbird * b b b Black-chinned Hummingbird B B b Anna's Hummingbird B b B Costa's Hummingbird * C C A Rufous Hummingbird B B B B B B b b B Calliope Hummingbird b B B B B B b CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Xantus's Hummingbird * A Gruiformes Rails, Gallinules, and Coots Yellow Rail b b b Virginia Rail B B B B B b b Sora B B B B B B B b b Common Gallinule * A American Coot B B B B B B B Cranes Sandhill Crane B B B B B B B B b Common Crane * A Whooping Crane * A A A Charadriiformes Stilts and Avocets Black-necked Stilt B b b American Avocet B B B B Oystercatchers Black Oystercatcher B B Plovers Black-bellied Plover American Golden-Plover B b Pacific Golden-Plover Lesser Sand-Plover * A A Snowy Plover * C C Semipalmated Plover B B b B Piping Plover * A Killdeer B B B B B B B B B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sandpipers and Allies Upland Sandpiper b B b Bristle-thighed Curlew * A Whimbrel Long-billed Curlew B B B B Far Eastern Curlew * A Bar-tailed Godwit * C C Hudsonian Godwit N Marbled Godwit Ruddy Turnstone Black Turnstone Red Knot Surfbird Ruff * C C A Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Stilt Sandpiper Curlew Sandpiper * C C Temminck's Stint * A Spoon-billed Sandpiper * A Red-necked Stint * C A Sanderling Dunlin Rock Sandpiper Purple Sandpiper * A Baird's Sandpiper N b Little Stint * C A Least Sandpiper B B B White-rumped Sandpiper * C A A A C CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Pectoral Sandpiper Semipalmated Sandpiper Western Sandpiper Short-billed Dowitcher N b Long-billed Dowitcher Wilson's Snipe B b B B B B B B B Terek Sandpiper * A Spotted Sandpiper B B B B B B B B B Solitary Sandpiper B B B B B B B B Wandering Tattler B Lesser Yellowlegs b B B B b B Willet * C C C A A Spotted Redshank * C Greater Yellowlegs B B b B B B b B Wood Sandpiper * A A Wilson's Phalarope b B B B b B Red-necked Phalarope B Red Phalarope Skuas and Jaegers South Polar Skua Pomarine Jaeger Parasitic Jaeger B Long-tailed Jaeger Auks Dovekie * A Common Murre B Thick-billed Murre *,N C CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pigeon Guillemot B B Marbled Murrelet B B Kittlitz's Murrelet * A A Scripps's Murrelet * C Guadalupe Murrelet * A Ancient Murrelet B Cassin's Auklet B Parakeet Auklet * C Crested Auklet * A A Rhinoceros Auklet B B Horned Puffin B Tufted Puffin B Gulls and Terns Black-legged Kittiwake B Red-legged Kittiwake * A Ivory Gull * C A A A Sabine's Gull Bonaparte's Gull b b B B B B B Black-headed Gull * C Little Gull * C A A A A Ross's Gull * A A Laughing Gull * A Franklin's Gull N Black-tailed Gull * A A Heermann's Gull Mew Gull B B b b b B Ring-billed Gull B b b b B b Western Gull CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 California Gull b B Herring Gull B B B B B b b B Iceland Gull Lesser Black-backed Gull * C A C C Slaty-backed Gull * C C A A Glaucous-winged Gull B B B Glaucous Gull Great Black-backed Gull * A Aleutian Tern * A Least Tern * A Caspian Tern B b b b b Black Tern B B B B B B Common Tern Arctic Tern B B B B Forster's Tern N b Elegant Tern * C C Phaethontiformes Tropicbirds Red-tailed Tropicbird * A Gaviiformes Loons Red-throated Loon B B Pacific Loon b B B Common Loon B B B B B B B b B Yellow-billed Loon Procellariiformes Albatrosses Laysan Albatross CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Black-footed Albatross Short-tailed Albatross * C Northern Storm-Petrels Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel B Leach's Storm-Petrel B Petrels and Shearwaters Northern Fulmar b Murphy's Petrel * C Mottled Petrel * C Cook's Petrel * A Buller's Shearwater Short-tailed Shearwater Sooty Shearwater Great Shearwater * C Pink-footed Shearwater Flesh-footed Shearwater Manx Shearwater * C C Black-vented Shearwater * C C Ciconiiformes Storks Wood Stork * A Suliformes Frigatebirds Magnificent Frigatebird * A Boobies and Gannets Nazca Booby * A Blue-footed Booby * A Brown Booby * A A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cormorants Brandt's Cormorant N b b Double-crested Cormorant B b B B b Red-faced Cormorant * A Pelagic Cormorant B B Pelecaniformes Pelicans American White Pelican B Brown Pelican Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns American Bittern b b b B b b b Least Bittern * A A b Great Blue Heron B B B B B b b Great Egret Snowy Egret * C A C A Little Blue Heron * A A Cattle Egret * C C C C A A Green Heron B B b Black-crowned Night-Heron N b Ibises White-faced Ibis * C C C C Cathartiformes New World Vultures Black Vulture * A A Turkey Vulture B b B b b California Condor X CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Accipitriformes Osprey Osprey B B B B B B B B B Hawks, Eagles, and Kites White-tailed Kite * C A Golden Eagle B b B B B B b b B Northern Harrier B B B B B b B B b Sharp-shinned Hawk b B B B b B B B B Cooper's Hawk B B B B B B B Northern Goshawk B B B B b B B b B Bald Eagle B B B B B B B B B Broad-winged Hawk B b B B b Swainson's Hawk b B b b b b Red-tailed Hawk B B B B B B B B B Rough-legged Hawk Ferruginous Hawk *,N C b C Strigiformes Barn Owls Barn Owl B B B Owls Flammulated Owl B B b Western Screech-Owl B B B B b Great Horned Owl B B B B B B B B B Snowy Owl Northern Hawk Owl B B B B B B B Northern Pygmy-Owl B B B B B b b B Burrowing Owl * B b Spotted Owl N b CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Barred Owl B B B B B b B B B Great Gray Owl b B b B B B B b Long-eared Owl b B B B b B Short-eared Owl b b b B B b b b b Boreal Owl b b b b b b B Northern Saw-whet Owl B b B B B b b b Coraciiformes Kingfishers Belted Kingfisher B B B B B B B B B Piciformes Woodpeckers Lewis's Woodpecker b B B B Red-headed Woodpecker * A C Acorn Woodpecker * C C Williamson's Sapsucker B B Yellow-bellied Sapsucker B B B B B B B Red-naped Sapsucker B B B B b Red-breasted Sapsucker B B B B B B b B Am. Three-toed Woodpecker b B B B B B B B B Black-backed Woodpecker b B B B B B B B Downy Woodpecker B B B B B B B b B Hairy Woodpecker B B B B B B B B B White-headed Woodpecker *,N b b Northern Flicker B B B B B B B B B Pileated Woodpecker B B B B B B B B b Falconiformes Caracaras and Falcons Crested Caracara * A A A A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Eurasian Kestrel * A American Kestrel B B B B B B B B B Merlin B B B B B B B b B Gyrfalcon B Peregrine Falcon B B B B B B b b Prairie Falcon b b B b Passeriformes Tyrant Flycatchers Ash-throated Flycatcher * C C A A A Great Crested Flycatcher * A A Tropical Kingbird Thick-billed Kingbird * A Western Kingbird b B B B B b Eastern Kingbird B B B B B B B B Gray Kingbird * A Scissor-tailed Flycatcher * C C A C A A Olive-sided Flycatcher B B B B B b B b b Western Wood-Pewee B B B B B B B b B Yellow-bellied Flycatcher b b B B b B Acadian Flycatcher * A Alder Flycatcher B B B B B B B B Willow Flycatcher B B B B B b b Least Flycatcher b B B B B B B b B Hammond's Flycatcher B B B B B B b B B Gray Flycatcher B Dusky Flycatcher b B B B B B b B Pacific-slope Flycatcher B B B B B b B b b Black Phoebe * C A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Eastern Phoebe b B B B b Say's Phoebe b B B B b b b B Shrikes Loggerhead Shrike * C A C C A Northern Shrike b b b B Vireos Black-capped Vireo * A White-eyed Vireo * A Hutton's Vireo B B Cassin's Vireo B B B B B B b Blue-headed Vireo B B B b Philadelphia Vireo b B B b Warbling Vireo B B B B B B B B B Red-eyed Vireo B B B B B B B B b Yellow-green Vireo * A Crows, Jays, and Magpies Canada Jay B B B B B B B B B Pinyon Jay * A Steller's Jay B B B B B B b b B Blue Jay B B B B California Scrub-Jay *,N b b Clark's Nutcracker B B B B B B Black-billed Magpie B B B B B b B American Crow B B B B B B B B Northwestern Crow B B b b Common Raven B B B B B B B B B Larks Eurasian Skylark I B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Horned Lark B B B B B B Swallows Purple Martin B B Tree Swallow B B B B B B B B B Violet-green Swallow B B B B B B B B B N. Rough-winged Swallow B B B B B B B b B Bank Swallow B B B B B B B B Cliff Swallow B B B B B B B B B Cave Swallow * A Barn Swallow B B B B B B B B B Chickadees Black-capped Chickadee B B B B B B B B B Mountain Chickadee B B B B B B Chestnut-backed Chickadee B B B B b B b Boreal Chickadee b B B B B B B B Bushtits Bushtit B B Nuthatches Red-breasted Nuthatch B B B B B B B B B White-breasted Nuthatch b B B B B B Pygmy Nuthatch B B Treecreepers Brown Creeper B B B B B B B b B Wrens Rock Wren b B b b b Canyon Wren B b House Wren B B B B B B B b Pacific Wren B B B B B B b b b CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Winter Wren B b b Sedge Wren * A A Marsh Wren B B B B B B B b Bewick's Wren B b B B Gnatcatchers Blue-gray Gnatcatcher * C C A A Dippers American Dipper B B B B B B b B Kinglets Golden-crowned Kinglet B B B B B B B B B Ruby-crowned Kinglet B B B B B B B B B Old World Flycatchers Red-flanked Bluetail * A Blue Rock-Thrush * A Northern Wheatear * C Thrushes and Allies Eastern Bluebird * A Western Bluebird B B B B Mountain Bluebird B B B B B B B Townsend's Solitaire B B B B B b B b B Veery B B B B b Gray-cheeked Thrush b b B B B Swainson's Thrush B B B B B B B B B Hermit Thrush B B B B B B B B B Wood Thrush * A Dusky Thrush * A A Fieldfare * A Redwing * A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 American Robin B B B B B B B B B Varied Thrush B B B B B B B b B Mockingbirds and Thrashers Gray Catbird B B B B B b b Curve-billed Thrasher * A A Brown Thrasher * C C C C C A Sage Thrasher B Northern Mockingbird N b b b Starlings Crested Myna I,X European Starling I B B B B B B B B B Waxwings Bohemian Waxwing B B B B b B Cedar Waxwing B B B B B B B b B Accentors Siberian Accentor * A A Old World Sparrows House Sparrow I B B B B B B B B B Wagtails and Pipits Eastern Yellow Wagtail * C C Citrine Wagtail * A Gray Wagtail * A White Wagtail * C C A Red-throated Pipit * C C A American Pipit B B B B B B B Sprague's Pipit * C A Finches and Allies Brambling * C C C C C A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Evening Grosbeak B B B B B B B b B Pine Grosbeak B B B B B b b B Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch B B B B B B B House Finch B B B B B B Purple Finch B B B B B B B b B Cassin's Finch b B B B Oriental Greenfinch * A Common Redpoll b b B Hoary Redpoll Red Crossbill B B B B B B B b B White-winged Crossbill B b b B B B B b B Pine Siskin B B B B B B B B B Lesser Goldfinch * C C C C American Goldfinch B B B B B B b Longspurs and Snow Buntings Lapland Longspur Chestnut-collared Longspur * C A C Smith's Longspur N b McCown's Longspur * C A A Snow Bunting B McKay's Bunting * A A Old World Buntings Rustic Bunting * A C New World Sparrows Green-tailed Towhee * C A C Spotted Towhee B B B B B American Tree Sparrow b b b B Chipping Sparrow B B B B B B B B B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Clay-colored Sparrow b B B B B B B b Brewer's Sparrow B B B B Field Sparrow * A Vesper Sparrow B B B B B B b Lark Sparrow B B B Black-throated Sparrow * C b C Sagebrush Sparrow * C C Lark Bunting * C C C C A A Savannah Sparrow B B B B B B B B B Grasshopper Sparrow N b LeConte's Sparrow b b B B Nelson's Sparrow B b Fox Sparrow B B B B B B B b B Song Sparrow B B B B B B B b B Lincoln's Sparrow b B B B B B B B B Swamp Sparrow B b B B B B White-throated Sparrow b B B B B B B Harris's Sparrow White-crowned Sparrow B B B B B B b b B Golden-crowned Sparrow B B B B B B Dark-eyed Junco B B B B B B B B B Yellow-breasted Chat Yellow-breasted Chat b b B b Blackbirds and Allies Yellow-headed Blackbird B B B B B B b Bobolink B B b Western Meadowlark B B B B b b Orchard Oriole * C C CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hooded Oriole * C C Bullock's Oriole B B B B B b Baltimore Oriole b B Red-winged Blackbird B B B B B B B B B Brown-headed Cowbird B B B B B B B b B Rusty Blackbird B b B B B B B B Brewer's Blackbird B B B B B B B B b Common Grackle B B b B B b Great-tailed Grackle * A C New World Warblers Ovenbird b b B B B b Northern Waterthrush b B B B B B B B B Golden-winged Warbler * A Black-and-white Warbler b b B B B b Prothonotary Warbler * A A A A Tennessee Warbler B b B B B B B B Orange-crowned Warbler B B B B B B B b B Lucy's Warbler * A A Nashville Warbler b B B B B b Connecticut Warbler b B b MacGillivray's Warbler B B B B B B b b B Mourning Warbler B B B b Common Yellowthroat B B B B B B B B B Hooded Warbler * C A A American Redstart B B B B B B B B B Cape May Warbler B B B b b Northern Parula * C A A A Magnolia Warbler b B B B B B B B CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bay-breasted Warbler b B b b Blackburnian Warbler * C A A A A Yellow Warbler B B B B B B B B B Chestnut-sided Warbler *, N C C C C C C A A Blackpoll Warbler b B B B B b B Black-throated Blue Warbler * C C C A A Palm Warbler B B Pine Warbler * A Yellow-rumped Warbler B B B B B B B B B Yellow-throated Warbler * A A Prairie Warbler * C A A Black-throated Gray Warbler B B B Townsend's Warbler B B B B B B b b B Hermit Warbler * C Black-throated Green Warbler b B B b b Canada Warbler B B B b Wilson's Warbler B B B B B B B b B Cardinals and Allies Summer Tanager * A A Scarlet Tanager * A A Western Tanager B B B B B B B b B Northern Cardinal * A Rose-breasted Grosbeak b b B B b B Black-headed Grosbeak B B B B b Blue Grosbeak * A A Lazuli Bunting B B B B B B b b Indigo Bunting * b b B Painted Bunting * C A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dickcissel * C C C C A

Provisional List Whooper Swan * A A Spectacled Eider * A A Broad-tailed Hummingbird * A Mountain Plover * A Great Knot * A Least Auklet * A Whiskered Auklet * A Arctic Loon * A Hawaiian Petrel * C Red-shouldered Hawk * A Baird's Sparrow * A Painted Redstart * A CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Checklist There are 522 species recognized with 12 additional species on the provisional list. NOTES Main, Provisional, and Review Lists Species for which physical proof exists (e.g., photos, videos, specimens) are placed on the Main List. Species on the Provisional List lack physical proof, but have either excellent field-notes, or are select historical records described in the established literature. We ask that all observations of species on the Review List be submitted to the committee: www.bcfo.ca/review-list Acknowledgments This checklist is the result of generations of bird observation and study in the province. We thank the many birders, past and present, who have contributed their time and effort, and have submitted records to expand the knowledge of our province’s avifauna. This checklist was compiled by the British Columbia Bird Records Committee. Special thanks to Bird Studies Canada for permission to use BC Breeding Bird Atlas data www.birdatlas.bc.ca. A final, big thank you to George Clulow, Art Martell, and Larry Cowan, without whom this checklist could not have been produced.

British Columbia Bird Records Committee Nathan Hentze (Chair); Peter Candido; Chris Charlesworth; Catherine Craig; Michael Force; Guy Monty; Mike Toochin

August 2018 Ecoprovinces of British Columbia