Maritime Heritage Trail
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Aberdeen Maritime Trail A guide to Aberdeen’s maritime connections #aberdeentrails Aberdeen Harbour is a working port and busy industrial area. There is heavy traffic, cargo handling and other activities that you should be aware of when walking around. Access is generally available, but some locations may be temporarily closed for safety, security or operational reasons. Do not enter operational areas at any time. The north section of the trail is 2.5 kms in length (around 1.5 miles) The south section of the trail is 3kms in length (just under 2 miles) #aberdeentrails Key to Symbols Welcome to Aberdeen, our beautiful and historic city by the sea! We have a Accessible long maritime connection and if it was not for the harbour, Aberdeen would Steep Slope or Gradient not exist as we know it today. STEEP Wheelchair with assistance WITH HELP The earliest evidence of a natural harbour being in use is in the form of No wheelchair access tiny flint tools left by prehistoric people about 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. No public access The first written reference to shipping in Aberdeen dates from 1136 and the harbour and the quay (or key heid as it was sometimes called) were Transport repaired many times and expanded in the medieval period. Fittie (or Footdee) can be accessed on the No 15 bus, which stops at the In the 17th century, efforts were made to deepen the channel as previously, end of New Pier Road (bus stop marked on map). Torry can be accessed on the No 12, which has several stops in Victoria Road. large ships had to berth at the villages of Torry or possibly Fittie to avoid large sandbanks known as ‘inches’. Several shipyards opened around Picture Credits the harbour in the 17th and early 18th century and while the shipbuilding All images © Aberdeen Art Gallery & Museums Collections and industry has faded, there is a dry dock for ship repairs in use today. The Aberdeen City Council unless otherwise stated 19th century saw the biggest changes, including diverting the River Dee Front Cover: Marine Operations Centre and the development of one of the docks and four of the quays. Inside back page: View of Aberdeen, William Mosman, 1756 No 24: Queen on Forties Fishing, transportation of goods, and ferries to the Northern Isles have Photograph reproduced with the kind permission of the BP Archive been the three main industries from the harbour, with each expanding or No 31: Bottlenose Dolphin contracting as times change over the years. In recent years, there has been Photograph reproduced with the kind permission of Kevin Hepworth, Sea Watch Foundation a prolific number of offshore supply vessels for the oil and gas industry – it No 17: Sonar Image of Duke of Sutherland is one of the few city centres where you can view a working harbour. The Photograph courtesy of Aberdeen Harbour Board latest development being built is South Harbour, which will accommodate Below: Rainbow Warrior, Auckland Harbour large passenger cruise ships and will increase tourist numbers to Aberdeen By Ot CC BY-SA 4.0 from Wikimedia Commons and the surrounding countryside. Thanks to Lizzie Finlayson, Aberdeen Harbour Board, Fiona-Jane Brown of Aberdeen & Region Have fun roaming around our beautiful city, discovering the maritime Oral History Association, Scottish Natural Heritage and Brian Robertson, Chairman, TS Scylla connections, and finding out a bit about its history and geography through the Maritime Trail! Show off your photos on Instagram @aberdeen_cc #beautifulABDN NORTH SECTION 3 Aberdeen Harbour Board Busy traffic 1 Aberdeen Maritime Museum STEEP Aberdeen Harbour Board are responsible Cobbled surface, on steep slope for the administration, maintenance Situated on the and improvement of the busy port historic Shiprow which covers 378 acres of land and and incorporating water, including six kilometres of Provost Ross’s quays and 20 deep-water berths over House, which which pass around 5 million tonnes of was built in cargo annually. An Act of Parliament 1593, Aberdeen established the Board as an independent Maritime Museum statutory authority in 1960, beginning an tells the story of era of modernisation for which the arrival of the North Sea oil and gas the city’s long industry in the 1960s was another catalyst. As a Trust Port – one of relationship with the busiest in Britain – all profits are reinvested in maintenance and the sea. This development, with more than £150 million spent in recent decades. award-winning An ongoing multi million pound investment programme by the Board museum houses a will ensure that facilities and services continue to meet the unique collection requirements of the many port users. Employing around 120 directly, covering shipbuilding, fast sailing ships, fishing and port history, the Harbour Board gives high priority to health, safety and the and is the only place in the UK where you can see displays on the environment in all aspects of port operations. North Sea oil industry. Aberdeen Maritime Museum also offers a WITH spectacular viewpoint over the busy harbour. 4 Virginia Street & Surrounding Lanes HELP Wheelchair access difficult in places 2 Site of 15th century Harbour Wall This street was formed STEEP Cobbled surface, on slope and named in the At Shore Brae, a small rescue excavation in 1974 uncovered portions 18th century and is a of an ashlar-fronted stone harbour wall dating from the late 14th reflection of the overseas or early 15th century. This indicates the position of the ‘key-head’ trading routes of the or highest navigable point at that period. It is exciting that much day. From the 1770s of that site remains untouched and will undoubtedly reveal more Aberdeen, along with in future about early harbour development. Other evidence of many other major ports Aberdeen’s medieval waterfront was found during excavations on Virginia Street, showing Bannerman’s Bridge in Scotland, began the line of Virginia Street. More information about the medieval to trade with the southern states of America. The international harbour and rare excavated objects associated with trading and connections are also reflected in other street names in Aberdeen, other sea-borne contacts are on display in Aberdeen Maritime such as Baltic Lane. Museum’s Harbour Gallery. Sugarhouse Lane As with Virginia Street this street was named for a trade ongoing from the 1770s. On 8 May 1776 a number of merchants in Aberdeen formed a public company and took ownership of the Shorelands, which had previously belonged to the City Council. Here they erected the first Sugarhouse; their business only operated for about 25 years. Weigh House Square Named after Aberdeen’s Weigh House, which was first erected in 1634. This building was also sometimes known as the Packhouse, and was the principal place for weighing goods. It was demolished in 1883 to make way for the Harbour Offices at 16 Regent Quay. Site of 1974 excavation, now a car park 5 Marischal Street STEEP 7 Shipbuilding closed its gates for the final time On steep slope During the last two centuries in 1992 it brought to an end two Marischal Street, built in the 18th some 3,000 ships were built in centuries of shipbuilding tradition century, was the first planned street Aberdeen. Well known shipbuilding in Aberdeen. in Aberdeen. It runs in a straight companies including Alexander Hall, Walter Hood line downhill to the harbour (it was Walter Hood, Hall Russell and Duthie The Hood yard built some of the intended to provide direct access from all built ships there. world’s fastest sailing ships the centre of Aberdeen to the port) and Alexander Hall producing vessels for the Aberdeen incorporates Bannerman’s Bridge, a The Hall yard was the city’s longest White Star Line of clipper ships. flyover crossing Virginia Street halfway serving shipbuilders, producing Hood launched over 100 ships down. The original Georgian houses vessels from 1790 to 1957. Halls between 1839 to 1881 including remain on this street, and some built Britain’s first clipper ship, the Thermopylae, Centurion and paneled interiors survive. Some are Scottish Maid, in 1839 and later was Wooloomooloo. By the 1880s the now commercial premises, but the responsible for some of Aberdeen’s age of the clipper had been eclipsed character of the street is largely unaffected by this. fastest sailing ships. From the 1890s by steam power and a faster route 6 St Clement’s Church they built hundreds of steel steam through the Suez Canal. Historical records show that there has been a church here since trawlers that became the backbone John Lewis 1467. However it is very likely that a of Scotland’s premier fishing port. The John Lewis shipyard, based church dedicated to St Clement may Duthie at Torry, produced its first vessel have been here for much longer. For much of the 19th century the in 1917. The yard was best known In fact it has probably been here Duthie family were prominent for trawlers and cargo vessels as long as the fishing village of shipbuilders. Established in 1816 although it also built the sail- Fittie (or Footdee) has, which dates by William, a former Alexander Hall training schooner Malcolm Miller in from at least the late 14th century. apprentice, Duthie designed and 1967, the last sailing vessel to be Often a dedication to St Clement is launched many fast sailing ships for launched in Aberdeen. associated with Vikings although the tea and wool trade to China and In the early 1990’s the Hall Russell there is no evidence to prove that Australia. The yard closed in 1907 yard was demolished to make way connection here. with the premises taken over by for a significant expansion at the The church went out Hall Russell.