MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND WATER REPUBLIC OF ------One people-One goal-One faith GENERAL SECRETARIAT ------Renewable Energy Agency of Mali (AER-MALI)

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) RURAL SOLAR ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT IN MALI

Final report Drafted by Souleymane Dembélé PhD in Environmental science December 2018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 8 I. INTRODUCTION ...... 13 1.1. Background to the study ...... 13 1.2. Objective of the Environmental and Social Management Framework ...... 13 1.3. Methodology ...... 14 II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 15 2.1. Project objectives ...... 15 2.2. Specific objectives ...... 15 2.3. Description of the project components ...... 15 III. BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK ...... 17 3.1. Major biophysical features ...... 17 Climatic features ...... 17 3.2. Special features of the project intervention ...... 19 a. ...... 19 i. Biophysical presentation ...... 19 b. region ...... 20 i. Biophysical presentation ...... 20 c. Region of Segou ...... 22 f. Region ...... 28 3.3 General socio-economic characteristics ...... 29 3.8 Economic characteristics of the Segou region ...... 33 IV. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL POLICY FRAMEWORK APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT ...... 36 4.1.2. Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Programme (GPRSP) ...... 36 4.1.3. The National Environmental Protection Policy (NEPP) ...... 37 4.1.4. National Strategy for the Use and Conservation of Biodiversity ...... 37 4.1.5. Mali's National Policy on Climate Change ...... 38 4.1.6. National Programme of Action for Adaptation to Adverse Effects of Climate Change (NAPA) ...... 38 4.1.7. National Health Policy ...... 39 4.1.8. National Forest Policy ...... 39 4.2. Other sector policies related to the PROJECT ...... 39 4.2.1. Decentralization and Land-use Planning Policy ...... 39 4.2.2. National Energy Policy ...... 40 4.2.3. National household Energy Strategy (SED) ...... 40 4.2.4. National Biofuel Development Strategy ...... 40 4.3. Environmental and Social Legal Framework ...... 41

4.3.1. National Legal Framework ...... 41 4.3.2. International Legal Framework ...... 47 4.4 Protection policies of West African Development Bank ...... 48 4.5. Performance standards adopted by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) ...... 49 4.6. Comparison between national policies and those of the main donors of the project .... 52 4.7. Institutional framework for environmental and social management of the PROJECT . 52 4.7.1 Ministry of Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development ...... 52 4.7.2. The Ministry of Country Planning and Population ...... 53 4.5.3. Ministry of Energy and Water ...... 54 4.5.4. NGOs and Community Associations ...... 55 4.5.5. Private Operators ...... 55 V. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 56 5.1. Environmental and social categorization of the project ...... 56 5.2. Environmental and social impacts of the Project ...... 56 Negative impacts related to planning and construction ...... 58 5.3. Mitigating measures ...... 60 VI. PROJECT ANALYSIS AND SELECTION PROCESS ...... 65 6.1. Categorization of PROJECT sub-components ...... 65 VII. PROJECT activity selection process ...... 65 7.1. The environmental selection process ...... 65 7.2. Responsibilities for implementation of the selection process ...... 68 VIII. MECHANISM FOR COMPLAINT MANAGEMENT AND GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT ...... 70 8.3. Identification, assistance and arrangements for vulnerable groups ...... 76 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 77 9.1. Assessment of the environmental management capacities of stakeholders ...... 77 9.2. Recommendations for Environmental Management of the PROJECT ...... 78 9.2.1. Institutional capacity building measures ...... 80 9.2.2. Assessment and Manual of Environmental and Social Management of Equipment 80 9.2.3. Provision for Monitoring-Evaluation of PROJECT Activities ...... 81 9.2.4. Training of actors involved in the Project implementation ...... 81 Awareness and outreach programmes at regional and local levels ...... 83 X. PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 85 10.1. Objectives ...... 85 10.2. The scope of activities, target actors and methodology ...... 85 10.3. The points discussed ...... 85 10.4. Summary of results of public consultations ...... 85 X. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 89

10.1. Environmental and Social Monitoring and Surveillance ...... 89 10.2. Evaluation ...... 89 10.3. Monitoring indicators ...... 89 XI. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING ...... 91 11.1. Environmental and social function ...... 91 11.2. Institutional Arrangements ...... 91 11.2.1. Co-ordination and supervision ...... 91 11.2.3. Environmental and social monitoring ...... 92 XII. CONSULTATION OF BACKUP DOCUMENTS ...... 93 12.1. Consultation of reports and dissemination of information to the public ...... 93 12.2. Mechanisms in place in the project for the collection and processing of complaints ...... 93 XIII. COSTS AND TIME TABLE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ESMF ...... 95 13.2. Action plan for implementation of the ESMF ...... 97 Bibliography ...... 98

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 : Total population of the five regions concerned...... 30 Table 2: Relevant international conventions and treaties within the framework of the PROJECT ...... 48 Table 3 : Summary of negative impacts of project activities ...... 59 Table 4 Summary of mitigating measures for negative impacts ...... 60 Table 5 : Categorization of PROJECT components ...... 65 Table 6 Summary of the selection stages and institutions in charge ...... 68 Table 7 : Proposed Training Programme ...... 81 Table 8 : Information and Raising Awareness ...... 83 Table 9 : Estimated budget for implementation of the ESMF ...... 95 Table 10: Time table for implementation and monitoring of measures ...... 97 LISTOF FIGURES

Figure 1 : Procedure for conducting ESIAs in Mali - Category A or B Projects ...... 47

LIST OF MAPS

Map 1 : Bioclimatic (MEA, 2009) ...... 17 Map 2: Map of the ...... 20 Map 3 Map of ...... 21

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AEDD Environment and Sustainable Development Agency AER Renewable Energy Agency AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AMADER Agence Malienne pour le Développement de l’Energie Domestique AP-SRAD Preliminary Draft of Regional Planning and Development Schemes BOAD West African Development Bank BP Bank Procedures CCA-ONG Coordinating Committee for the Actions of Non-Governmental Organizations CREDD Strategic Framework for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development CSCRP Strategic Framework for Growth and Poverty Reduction CSES Environmental and Social Safeguard Unit/AER CT Decentralised authorities CVG Village Management Committee DED Domestic Energy Directorate DER Rural Electrification Directorate DNACPN National Directorate for Sanitation, Pollution and Pest Control DNEF National Water and Forestry Directorate DNM National Meteorological Services DRACPN Regional Directorate for Sanitation, Pollution and Pest Control EIG Economic Interest Groups EIS Environmental Impact Study ESAT Esquisse du Schéma d’Aménagement du Territoire ESFP Environmental and Social Focal Points ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESM Environmental & Social Manager ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMFP Environmental and Social Management Framework Plan ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESMS Environmental and Social Management System FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GCF Green Climate Fund GHG Greenhouse gas

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MEA Ministry of Environment and Sanitation MEH Ministry of Energy and Water NCCP National Climate Change Policy NDCs Nationally Determined Contributions NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NEPP National Environmental Protection Policy NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NIES Environmental and Social Impact Notice NRM Natural Resource Management OP Operational Policy PANA National Climate Change Adaptation Plan Action PAN-CID National Action Programmes of the Convention to Combat Desertification PAP Persons Affected by the Project PEDASB Domestic Energy and Access to Basic Rural Services Project POP Persistent Organic Pollutants PTA Parent-Teacher Association RE Renewable Energy SDG Sustainable Development Goal SECO-ONG Non-Governmental Organizations Consultation Secretariat SED National Household Energy Strategy SFGPR Strategic Framework for Growth and Poverty Reduction SNDB National Biodiversity Strategy STIs/STDs Sexually Transmitted Infections/Sexually Transmitted Diseases TFPs Technical and Financial Partners ToR Terms of Reference

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background and objective of the project The Government of Mali has made a commitment, as part of its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), to reduce GHG emissions from the energy sector by 31% between 2015 and 2030, in line with the country's energy policy to raise the rural electrification rate to 61% by 2033, with a 25% share of renewable energies in the national energy mix.

In order to achieve these objectives, the Government of Mali, through the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER-Mali), with support from the West African Development Bank (BOAD), is developing the rural solar electrification project for submission to the Green Climate Fund (GCF) for financing. The project aims at the photovoltaic solar electrification project in 70 villages in Mali with a general installed power capacity of 30, 50, 80 and 150 kWc. According to the national law, namely, Decree No. 08-346 /P-RM of 26 June 2008 on environmental and social impact assessment, amended by Decree No. 09-318/P-RM of 26 June 2009 establishing the rules and procedures relating to Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, this project falls under category B of projects whose adverse impact on the environment and people are of a limited and rarely irreversible nature. As regards the nature of expected activities and target intervention areas, the potential impacts of sub-projects are generally low in scope and could be controlled by easily identifiable measures. The sub-projects will therefore be subject to an environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) for Category B projects.

Project intervention area

The project will be carried out in the following six (6) regions of Mali: Kayes, Koulikoro, , Segou, and Tombouctou.

National environmental laws

The sector has strategic planning documents as well as relevant legislative and regulatory texts, including a national environmental protection policy, a decree on environmental and social impact assessment studies (ESIA), etc. Mali has also signed and ratified several international conventions on environmental protection and natural resources. The obligation to carry out an ESIA is based on Act 01-020 of 30 May 2001. The ESIA was specified by the provisions of Decree No. 08-346 /P-RM of 26 June 2008 on environmental and social impact assessment, amended by Decree No. 09-318/P-RM of 26 June 2009 establishing the rules and procedures relating to Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. This project falls under category

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B in line with the project categorization referred to in the Decree on Environmental and Social Impact Studies.

Safeguard Policy of the West African Development Bank

The West African Development Bank’s environmental and social safeguard policy applicable to the project's activities include: Environmental Assessment and Involuntary resettlement of populations.

As part of its accreditation to the Green Climate Fund, BOAD has endorsed the Green Climate Fund's environmental and social safeguard policy which will be applicable in this project.

The Green Climate Fund has adopted eight (8) Performance Standards (PS), including those applicable to this project: PS1- Environmental and social risk and impact assessment and management, PS2- Labour and working conditions, PS3- Resource efficiency and pollution prevention, PS4- Community health, safety and security, PS5- Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement, PS6- Biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources.

National Gender Policy With this National Gender Policy, Mali intends to give concrete expression to its national, international and African commitments towards building a democratic society and promoting the rule of law in which gender equality is a fundamental value as enshrined in the country's Constitution of 25 February 1992. Mali has taken up the challenge of building a democratic society, accelerating its economic growth, reducing poverty and improving the well-being of its population with a view to becoming an emerging country. To achieve this, it has undertaken major reforms to modernize its economy, develop infrastructure and the productive sector, consolidate structural reforms and strengthen the social sector. To address these major challenges, the country will need to tackle the causes and consequences of the low level of human development, which hinders the socio-economic development of the country, the development of individuals, women and men, and, also negatively affects future generations.

National Policy on Climate Change

The vision of Mali's National Policy on Climate Change (PNCC) is to define by 2025 a sustainable socio-economic development framework that addresses the challenges of climate change in all sectors of its development in order to improve people's well-being. The policy will be based on the five operational pillars defined in Bali at COP13 in 2007: shared vision, adaptation, mitigation, technology transfer, and financing, while involving all national programmes and stakeholders in its implementation.

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The seven guiding principles for the implementation of the PNCC include:

• The principle of precaution and anticipation; • The principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibility; • The polluter pays principle (article 3 of the UNFCCC); • The principle of decentralization; • The principle of involvement / accountability; • The principle of transversal coherence; • The public-private partnership. The PNCC's objective is to contribute to poverty alleviation and sustainable development by providing appropriate solutions to the challenges of climate change so that they do not hamper socio-economic development.

Constraints and environmental and social sensitivities in the project area: The depletion of natural resources in Mali is characterized by strong pressure on forest resources with agricultural land clearing, on socio-economic activities, widespread extraction of wood, which is the main source of domestic fuel, loss of fertile land due to wind erosion and lack of water, and overgrazing. Desertification is also a major threat to the preservation of the natural environment due to the extent of water and wind erosion and the poor land use by inappropriate rural farming practices. Although theoretically abundant, surface and groundwater resources are under serious threat from industrial and domestic pollution.

Some of the major social and living environment constraints include land insecurity; uncontrolled development of housing, the location of industrial facilities in residential areas, the deterioration of the quality and environment of urban and rural life, a significant lack of public sanitation facilities, inadequate infrastructure and basic services in urban centres, proliferation of uncontrolled dumpsites, poor management of industrial and artisanal waste and industrial air pollution.

Positive environmental and social impacts of the Project The positive impacts of the project include: 1st impact: increased socio-economic activities; 2nd impact: improved health and hygiene conditions for local populations; 3rd impact: improved living conditions and comfort of local populations; : access to public lighting and improved security conditions; 5th impact: reduction of fossil energy consumption and promotion of renewable energies; 6th impact: reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; 7th impact: reduction of pollution by waste oils from thermal plants; 8th impact: increase in the duration of power supply; 9th impact: increased coverage and access rate for the safety of people and goods; 10th impact: better conservation of pharmaceutical and food products; 11th impact: improvement in the permanent supply of drinking

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water to the populations; 12th impact: alleviating of women's labour; 13th impact: improved household income levels and creation of income-generating activities; 14th impact: improved literacy rate; 15th impact: emergence of industrial manufacturing and processing units; 16th impact: opportunity for local populations to benefit from capacity building actions.

Negative environmental and social impacts

The main negative impacts will occur during the implementation and operation of (i) the solar power plants; and (ii) the installation of related facilities.

During the construction phase, the construction of transmission lines may require the felling of trees and other plantations located along the way. There is also the risk of road accidents during construction works and sulphuric acid spillage during battery conditioning.

Potential problems during the project operation are related to power generation (plant safety) and distribution facilities, waste generated by used photovoltaic cells and solar panels, and other safety considerations.

Mitigation measures for project activities

The significant negative impacts could be greatly reduced with the application of (i) appropriate planning measures (good location and landscape integration of the facilities); and (ii) environmental and social regulations on safety, hygiene, solid and liquid waste management (batteries and used oils) during the project and operating phases.

The environmental and social projects selection process The ESMF proposes an environmental and social selection process that outlines the various steps to be followed from project preparation to implementation monitoring, including institutional responsibilities.

Measures to strengthen the environmental and social management of the project Environmental and social issues in the project area will require strengthening the environmental and social management of the project through: (i) institutional strengthening measures (strengthening the environmental expertise of the AER, the DNE and private operators) ; (ii) Technical studies, audits and procedures (environmental and social impact notices to be prepared; facilities maintenance manual) ; (iii) Training of the stakeholders involved in project implementation, particularly the Environmental and Social Safeguard Unit/AER, Information and sensitization of communities and

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populations in the project area ; (iv) Monitoring, supervision and evaluation of project activities. These measures are estimated to cost XOF150,000,000 and will be included in the project costs.

Institutional mechanisms for environmental and social monitoring of implementation Monitoring and evaluation will be carried out as follows: (i) Supervision of activities will be provided by the CSES/AER Environmental and Social Managers; (ii) Supervision (internal proximity monitoring) of the implementation of the project's environmental measures will be provided by the control offices, the Private Operators' Environmental and Social Managers and the local authorities; (iii) External monitoring will be provided by DRACPN and DNACPN; (iv) Evaluation will be carried out by independent consultants (at mid-term and at the end of the project).

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I. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background to the study The Government of Mali has made a commitment, as part of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), to reduce GHG emissions from the energy sector by 31% between 2015 and 2030, in line with the objective of the country's energy policy to raise the rural electrification rate to 61% by 2033, with a 25% share of renewable energies in the national energy mix.

In order to meet these targets, the Government of Mali, through the Renewable Energy Agency (AER- Mali), with the support of the West African Development Bank (BOAD), is developing a rural solar electrification project to be submitted to the Green Climate Fund (GCF) for financing. The solar installations will have a capacity ranging between 30kWc, 50 kWc, 80 kWc et 150 kWc depending on the size of the local population.

The environmental and social safeguard policies of BOAD and the GCF require that: (i) all projects submitted for funding undergo an environmental and social assessment taking into account the regulations of the country of intervention so as to ensure that such projects are environmentally sound and socially sustainable to facilitate the decision-making process; and (ii) an Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) is put in place by the promoter to improve environmental and social performance while eliminating any undesirable negative impacts in all funded activities.

Some project activities may have negative impacts on the environment and it is for this reason that this study, which involves the development of the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), was initiated so that environmental and social issues are taken into account.

1.2. Objective of the Environmental and Social Management Framework The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) is designed as a screening mechanism for the environmental and social impacts of the project's unknown investments and activities. The sites are not yet known at this stage, the environmental and social management framework has been developed to serve as a guide to the implementation of specific ESIA Studies related to the sites. The ESMF includes specific guidance elements for the implementation of activities that will be better defined in the final ESIA or NIES. It is therefore a tool to identify the potential future environmental and social impacts of the activities to be funded by the project.

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The ESMF will also define the framework for monitoring and supervision and the institutional arrangements to be made during project implementation to mitigate, eliminate or reduce adverse environmental and social impacts to acceptable levels. The ESMF will take into account both Malian regulations as well as the directives of its Technical and Financial Partners, particularly BOAD and GCF in this case.

1.3. Methodology The methodology used in this study was based on a participatory approach, in consultation with all stakeholders and partners involved in the project, including the Ministry of Environment and Sanitation (DNACPN at national level and DRACPN at regional level), the Renewable Energy Agency (AER), AMADER, municipalities and villages. These consultations provide a platform to engage with these different actors and stakeholders in order to understand the project and assess the overall environmental and social impacts of the project activities. The information gathered was used to support the environmental study, which includes several components: initial analysis, identification of impacts, environmental selection process for activities, environmental and social management framework plan that includes implementation mechanisms, training needs, monitoring and evaluation mechanism and costs.

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II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The project aims at the rural electrification of 70 villages by isolated photovoltaic solar systems with a general installed power capacity of 30, 50, 80 and 150 kWc.

2.1. Project objectives The overall objective of the project is to promote rural electrification by isolated photovoltaic solar systems as a low carbon and resilient solution against the adverse effects of climate change in the energy sector in Mali.

2.2. Specific objectives The specific objectives include: i) strengthening the capacity of actors involved in rural electrification in order to increase electrification by solar energy; ii) increasing the access rate of rural populations to electricity through isolated PV solar plants; and iii) supporting the market for rural solar electrification by facilitating access of energy producers to financial services.

2.3. Description of the project components The objectives are based on three main components, namely: Component 1: Strengthening capacities of rural electrification institutions and technical assistance It is based on the following points: Training, awareness of stakeholders and dissemination of project activities and outcomes o Organisation of dissemination workshops on potential actions to be implemented to achieve objectives of NDC in the area of energy o Organisation of specialised training sessions for leaders designated from DNE, AMADER and AER-Mali on climate change and issues related to the energy sector Communication on project outcomes and lessons learnt o Development of a communication and awareness plan for national (and international) investors on solar energy promotion o Organisation information sessions for already active investors in the energy sector, including renewable energies on the objectives and achievements of the project o Organisation of mid-term and end of project workshops for national institutions (DNE, AMADER, AER-Mali, FER) to conduct the monitoring and documentation of project experiences Capacity building of FER o development of organisational and operational legal texts as part of reforming FER

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o training of dedicated staff of FER technical assistance to strengthen the regulatory framework o support the drafting of model contracts and procedures for the management and maintenance of PV solar mini-power plants o support to the selection and recruitment of companies for operating and maintenance of the mini-power plants. Component 2: Detailed technical studies and installation of solar mini-grids It is based on the following points: conduct of detailed engineering studies o selection of sites, engineering studies and environmental and social analyses specific for each site supply, installation and operation of equipment o construction of solar PV mini power plants and roll-out of mini-grids implementation of environmental and social measures o mitigation activities and improvement of project impact Component 3: Support to productive use of energy (financial guarantee) It is based on the following points: the establishment and granting of a financial guarantee for local populations to acquire energy producing equipment The technical detail of activities is included in the project document.

2.4 Project intervention area The project intervention area covers six regions of Mali as shown below: Kayes (11), Koulikoro (12), Sikasso (14), Ségou (11), Mopti (12), Tombouctou (10) (See map).

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Figure 1: Map of project beneficiary communities

III. BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK 3.1. Major biophysical features Mali, a vast country in West , has a monotonous relief where altitudes decrease from south to north. The country is characterized by particularly drastic climatic conditions since half of its surface, or 610,095 km2 is located in the Saharan zone (north), the remainder being in Sudanian and zones (south) (World Bank, May 2010, http://www.worldbank.org/).

 Climatic features The country is located in the northern tropical zone. Mali's intertropical and continental rainfall pattern is characterized (Map 1) by a steady decrease in rainfall from the South (1000 mm/year) to the North (<200 mm/year) and throughout the rainy season (MEA/SG, 2011).

Mali has three climatic zones:  Two thirds of the northern part of the country is completely desert and belongs to the meridional Sahara and has very little natural resources,  The centre, Sahel region, relatively dry and covered by steppes  The Sudanese region is the area with heavy rainfalls

Figure 2: Map of bioclimatic regions of Mali (MEA/SG, 2011)

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The Republic of Mali is divided into ten (10) regions (Kayes, Koulikoro, Sikasso, Ségou, Mopti, Timbuktu, , , Ménaka and Taoudéni) and the of . At the regional level, the country comprises 49 cercles subdivided into 703 communes, 666 of which are rural, comprising more than 12,000 villages and towns.

• Hydrographic features The country has two large rivers, whose headwaters arise from the Fouta-Djalon in . The River is a 1,750 km long river in West Africa with a tropical regime, flowing from source in Guinea at an altitude of 750 m. The Senegal River flows across Mali, and Senegal, separates Senegal from Mauritania, before flowing into the Atlantic Ocean at Saint- Louis. The Senegal River is formed in Bafoulabe, Mali, by the confluence of two smaller rivers, the Bafing and the Bakoye, which flow down from the Fouta-Djalon Mountains. The (4700 km, including 1700 km in Mali.) is navigable over 1308 km and is divided into several tributaries to form the inland Delta, a natural region extending over 64 000 km², which can be flooded from September to December. The course of this river is dotted with lakes such as Lake Débo, Lake Horo, Lake Faguibine (650 km²), Lake Kamango.

• Physical features With its highlands, vast alluvial plains dominated by limestone and sandstone plateaus, Mali is divided into three (3) climatic zones. The desert north, which covers two thirds of the country, is located in the southern Sahara, where the annual rainfall does not exceed an average of 130 mm. The Sahelian heartland has a relatively dry climate, with annual average rainfall ranging from 200 mm to 500 mm, with vegetation cover ranging from steppe in the northern part to savannah in the southern part. Southern , which is covered by wooded savannah in the north and forests in the south, with rainfall averaging 1,400 mm per year.

 Plant species The country has a wide variety of related plant species. There were 1,739 woody species identified among 687 different species from 155 families (Boudet and Lebrun, 1986). According to these authors, the three most important families in terms of numbers are the Poaceae, the Fabaceae and the Cyperaceae. The prickly steppes of Acacia raddiana and grassy steppes of Cenchrusbiflorus, Panicum turgidum and Aristidaspp in the sub-Saharan or desert zone cover 57 percent of the territory, while combretumglutinosum shrub steppes in the Sahelian zone cover 18 percent of the territory. In the floodplains of the Niger River, including the Inland Delta, there are perennial grassy aquatic grasslands such as Echinochloastagnina, Oryzabarthii, Vossiacuspidata. Combretumglutinosum shrub savannahs in the Sudano-Sahelian zone, occupies 14 percent of the

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territory. There are also formations in Guireasenegalensis, Balanites aegyptiaca, and tree parks with Acacia albida, and Borassus aethiopium. Bombax costatum, Vittelariaparadoxa and Isoberliniadoka trees, in the Sudanese zone, which cover about 24 percent of the territory. Domestic energy needs covered by biomass (wood) have increased from 1,745 in 2007 to 4,228 Ktoe in 2016 (DNE/ SIE- 2017). In addition, there are major land clearing operations to provide wood, expand farmlands, building infrastructure, urbanization and increase use of gold panning. Bushfires increased significantly from 4,464,628 ha (season 2015/16) to 5,355,820 ha (season 2016/17) (DNEF, 2018). Human pressures on forest resources also increased as a result of internal population migration triggered by insecurity in some areas, higher population growth (3.6% per year) and the effects of climate change, which has affected the fertility of farmlands.

 Wildlife Animals species such as the Derby eland (Taurotragus derbianus), and the West African chimpanzee, a subspecies of the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus), the hippotrague (Hippotragus equinus), the hippo (Hippopotamusamphibius) etc.

3.2. Special features of the project intervention regions a. Kayes region i. Biophysical presentation  Administration The Kayes region, Mali's first administrative region, straddles Upper Senegal and its tributaries, and the far west of Mali. It extends approximately 400 km from east to west and 400 km from north to south. The region is bordered to the east by the Koulikoro region, to the west by the Republic of Senegal, to the north by the Republic of Mauritania and to the south by the Republic of Guinea. The Kayes region covers an area of 120,760 km2, covering 9.7% of Mali's national territory. It is divided into seven cercles composed of 117 rural communities and 12 urban towns).  Climate The region's location between latitude 12 and 17 degrees and its continental nature influence the climate. The region thus covers a Sahelian zone in the north and a pre-guinean zone in the south. Between these two zones is the Sudanian zone.  Hydrography The main rivers in this area are the Senegal River and its tributaries: Bakoye, Bafing, Falémé, Colimbiné, Baoulé; and Kakakoro and Wadou rivers. The Kayes region has only one lake, Lake Magui and many ponds.

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 Soils Farming in Kayes is generally carried out in four types of soil: silty alluvial soils along the Senegal River, in the great plains and around market gardens, and vertisols in the great depressions (Doro pond, Goumbaye, etc.) are fertile but difficult to till. These lowlands are suitable for rice cultivation; the ferruginous soils are fairly leached and are generally located in dry crop areas, sandy soils occupy most of the area (Nioro and Diema circle).

Figure 3: Location map of the Kayes region

 Vegetation and wildlife There are two types of plant formation. The Sahel (or northern) zone covering most of the region is the semi-arid region, a thorny formation dominated by Acacia spp, Balanites, Zizyphus (Diéma, Yélimané, Nioro and Kayes). As you approach the river, the aridity decreases and you enter the southern zone of the Sahel, which some call the "Sudanese Sahel". The thorny semi-arid region further north is replaced by a mixture of Borassus-aethiopum, Hyphaene thebaica, Phoenix dactylifera and Adansonia digitata, scattered among the Combretaceae.

b. Koulikoro region i. Biophysical presentation  Administration With an area of 90,210 km2, or 7.2% of the territory, the Koulikoro region is bordered to the north by Mauritania, to the west by the Kayes region, to the south by Guinea and the and to the east by the Ségou region. It comprises 108 municipalities including 3 urban areas, 1,924 villages and seven (7) cercles.

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Figure 4: Location map of Koulikoro region  Climate The Koulikoro region is located in the Sahelian-Sudan eco-geographical region. It lies in the subdesert climate zone with 200 to 400 mm and the tropical climate ranging from 400 to 1200 mm. There are three climatic zones: the Guinean zone in the extreme south of the region, the Sudanian zone: divided into two subzones, southern Sudanian and northern Sudanian, the Sahelian zone: the northern part of the region Rivers that cross the regional territory: Niger (250km), Baoulé (120km), Bagoé (90km), Baninfing (70km), Sankarani (40km) and Bani (20km).  Hydrography The Koulikoro region has an impressive hydrographic network which includes the Niger River with a 250-kilometre course in the region for an annual volume estimated between 1952-1999 at 40.4 billion m3 and its tributaries: the Baoulé, the Bagoé, the Baninfing, the Sankarani and the Bani. Of these, only Niger, Baoulé and Sankarani are permanent watercourses. The others are seasonal and hold water permanently from June to March with variations in rainfall. The region also has ponds, rivers and lakes that are either semi temporary or temporary and thus offer the region a mobilizable potential of water resources to build a food security strategy by controlling surface water for small irrigation. The largest is Lake Wegnan. Groundwater is contained in various types of aquifers: sedimentary aquifers and rock aquifers.  Soils According to the Land Resources Inventory Project (LIRP), the different soil types in the region are mostly poor, acidic and structurally unstable. Arable land is composed mainly of fine deep silty soils and shallow soils. These include plains, suitable for irrigated crops and fruit trees. They are located on the alluvium of the Niger River or scattered in narrow valleys. The Koulikoro region is a rocky and

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hilly area. The western and northern parts are mainly dominated by hill formations Mount Manding). The sandy soils of a dead or flattened dune, preferably located in Nara and (35.7% of the regional area): lateritic sandy and clay soils, to the west (27% of the region's surface) lateritic and alluvial soils (24% of the region's surface) the southern part of the region is dominated by the Mandingue mountain thus forming an area of plateaus opposed to a vast plain along the Niger river with flood plains: existence of ferruginous soils, to the south of the region, (13.3% of the regional surface).  Vegetation The Kéniébaoulé forest is a total wildlife reserve and the Kongossambougou forest is a wildlife reserve which is part of the Boucle du Baoulé biosphere reserve (2 500 000 ha). In the Koulikoro region, there is also the Sounsan Total Wildlife Area. Ligneous species: Combretum glutinosum, Piliostigma reticulatum, Combretum micranthum, Ziziphus mauritiana, Adansonia digitata, Manguifera indica. Faidherbia albida, Borassus aethiopum, Acacia ataxacantha, Acacia nilotica var adansonii, Dichrostachys cinerea, Balanites aegyptiaca, Boscia senegalensis, Calotropis procera. Herbaceous species: Leptadenia hastata, loudetia togoense  Wildlife According to random observations and recent studies (EYESD, 2018, PNF 2017), wildlife is in a critical phase of its existence due to deforestation, poaching, farming and/or pastoral activities and/or mining of their habitat, low flood levels and river pollution, and wildlife degradation has virtually eliminated ecotourism, caused ecosystem dysfunction and deprived part of the population of an important protein source. The biodiversity of fish fauna is now reduced to 80 out of 160 fish species (PNF, 2017). The few rare specimens of large existing game are found only in wildlife reserves and sanctuaries where protection measures are provided. The situation of elephant populations in Gourma is worrying with the phenomenon of poaching that has taken hold since the socio-political crisis and the resultant insecurity in 2012. The Nile crocodile is endangered due to commercial hunting. Even a flagship species, the Derby Eland, seems to have disappeared in recent years as a result of gold panning pressures in the protected areas of its habitat. (ERSAP, 2015). However, giraffes that had completely disappeared following appalling poaching (CBD, 2014) seem to benefit from the isolation of the north of the country following the crisis; the agents of the Ménaka - Ansongo Water & Forests indicating a return of giraffes from Niger (communication DNEF, 9/2018).

c. Region of Segou  Biophysical presentation

 Administrative situation

The Segou region, located in central Mali, covers an area of 64,947 km² (about 5% of Mali). It is bordered to the south by the Sikasso region, to the south-east by Burkina Faso, to the east by the

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Mopti and Timbuktu regions, to the north by Mauritania and to the west by the Koulikoro region. It is mainly located in the Sahel region and enjoys a semi-arid climate (average annual rainfall: 513 mm).

Figure 1 : Location map of the Ségou region

Figure 6: Hydrographic map of the Ségou region

 Climate

The Segou region has a dry tropical northern Sudanian climate. Average annual rainfall varies from 600 to 800 mm. The dry season is usually between 7 and 9 months, while the rainy seasons is between 3 and 4 months. Had it not been for the presence of watercourses, the inter river area is a subarid environment. The region’s climatic aridity index is 0.25< IAC <0.50 (source: Statistical Yearbook - 2010) and experiences a period of drought every three or four years.

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 Hydrography

The Segou region thus receives flows from Niger River and the Bani, which also has enormous hydro- agricultural potential ( Dam and the Talo threshold in operation). It corresponds to the middle basins of the Bani and the Niger River. The groundwater is also strongly influenced by surface water, which reaches a shallow depth and is recharged by rainfall at a rate of 25,000 to 50,000 m3 per km2 annually. (Source: PIRT Zonage agro écologique du Mali- éditeur TAMS -1988). The potential in arable lands and water resources make the region an agro-pastoral and fishing hub.  Soils

Arable land occupies 42 percent of the inter river area. These are slightly sandy, deep soils, with average natural fertility and some of which have a high water retention capacity. They are suitable for rain-fed crops. Non-agricultural land consists of silty-clay to clay soils and are suitable for hydro- farming and occupy 47 percent of the inter River area.

Figure 7: Soil map of the Segou region  Vegetation and wildlife

The natural resources of Mali's fourth economic region are under severe pressure from anthropogenic and climatic factors. It remains an endangered region on which Mali must focus a lot of attention in terms of the developmental activities in order to stem the harmful effect of climate change. Degradation of the vegetation covers through the destruction of wildlife habitats, extensive agriculture and livestock, generally due to population growth, has contributed to the decline in the potential for forest wildlife and fisheries resources. The availability of these resources varies according to their geographical location in the region (it decreases as one moves from landlocked areas to large urban areas and major roads. Vegetation in the region is mostly shrub savannah, even though there are other types of vegetation in the west in the Baroueli cercles and in the south in the Bla circle towards the Sikasso region. The establishment of the Office du Niger in the north of the region encouraged the development of vast areas of rice farms, while the few reforested areas form the woodlands of the , Macina and Ségou cercles. The vegetation is stunted in the San and cercles. The classified forests along the Bamako-Ségou national road (Dioforongo, Diaka and Faïra classified forests) are in danger of disappearing under the combined effect of extensive farming and logging.

Some of the plant formations identified in recent studies include: shrub savannah (15 to 30% coverage rate), bare shrubs with a coverage rate of less than 10%; some wooded savannah with coverage

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ranging from 30 to 40% in the Koulala classified forest and area, shea, Balanzan, Baobab or Rônier parks, gallery forests where coverage is as high as 50%.  Wildlife

It is almost non-existent in the region due to lack of habitat. The fauna follows the vegetation in its current distribution and is dominated by birds, especially in the Office du Niger area.

d. Sikasso Region  Climate The climate is tropical Sudanian, characterized by abundant rainfall (1300 to 1500 mm of water per year) compared to the average of Mali. The rainy season is 5 to 6 months long with more than 90 days of rain per year alternated by a dry season. The prevailing wind in the rainy season is the humid monsoon, which blows from the South-West to the North-East and in the dry season the harmattan, hot and dry wind comes from the North-East. In December (coldest month) the average temperature is 24°C. In the rainy season, the average maximum reaches 29°C. For this reason, meteorological data from the Sikasso synoptic station provided by the National Meteorological Agency of Mali were used. The analysis of climatic conditions in the study area was based on the processing and interpretation of numerical meteorological data for 2005-2015.  Rainfall measurement The heaviest rainfall is recorded during the months of July, August and September up to 325 mm (August). This heavy rain is characterized by heavy runoff and groundwater recharge. From December to March, the study area receives almost no rain. This period is the dry season.  Temperature The average extreme temperatures vary between 17°C (minimum) and 37°C (maximum). The hottest periods are March and April with peaks in April. The lowest temperatures are obtained during the months of December and January, which corresponds to the cool period.  Geology and soil The geological substrate of the Sikasso region consists of the metamorphic base, folded and granitized by the Eburnean orogeny, sedimentary layers, the Taoudenit syclenis, including formations such as Sikasso sandstone, doleretic intrusions that outcrop in the form of scree from hills and, more rarely, plateaus. The soils of the region are made up of red laterite, lateritic clay and yellow or red clay. These surface formations are based on altered micrograins or shales. Beyond this, there are foliated sandstones or dolerite but cracked.  Landscape The observation at this level is that the damage caused by deforestation due to excessive cutting of firewood is gradually being felt in certain areas. However, the rural environment is protected from the

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problems of urbanisation (large-scale air pollution by gases from vehicles and factories, water pollution by chemicals, olfactory and visual pollution due to uncontrolled dumping of waste, etc.).  Water resources The Sikasso region has large rivers such as the Bagoé, Banifing, Baoulé and Sankarani. There are also a few watercourses such as Mani, Kagnaka, Famogoko, Koronko, Goléko, Tiendagaba, Kankélaba The Banifing: It is a 76.5 km natural boundary between and Sikasso. The Bagoé: It serves as a 108km long natural boundary between Sikasso and Bougouni. The Baoulé: It is the largest river in the Bougouni circle with a length of 52 km.

e. Administrative divisions The Mopti region has 117 communities, including 8 cercles, 108 communes, including 5 urban communes (Mopti, , Djenné, and Tenenkou) and 2,081 villages and sections. Four cercles are located in exundated zones (Bandiagara, , Koro and Douentza) and 4 in flooded zones (Djenné, Mopti, Tenenkou and ).

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS  Relief The Mopti region is very diverse due to the presence of numerous rivers, mountain ranges, fairly high plateaus and its spread over a wide range of rainfall gradients. In terms of relief, there are two types of formations: rock formations and the sandy mantle. Mount with an altitude of 1,150 m is the highest peak in the region. In the area of Korientzé, N'gouma and Youwarou, high shifting sand dunes can be observed along the lakes (Korientzé, Béma, Aougoundou, Niangaye) and the Niger River towards the Timbuktu region. In the flooded zone, the relief consists of a floodplain. The Inner Niger Delta, has vast hydrophilic meadows with floodplain bourgoutières, open water bodies and river inlets. The inner Niger Delta is a depressed zone of general north/north/west dip. The exundated zone has three natural regions, namely: - The Bandiagara-Hombori plateau which overhangs the Gondo-Seno plain from 300 to 600 m over a distance of 200 km by a steep wall known as the Bandiagara Cliff; - Gondo- which is a sandy plain overhung by the sandstone reliefs of the Dogon plateau, and Hombori which overhang it; - The Gourma limited successively by the tabular hills of Gandamia and Hombori which overhang it with steep walls from 500-600 m to 900m high.

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 Climate The Mopti Region extends from north to south between the Sahelian zone and the Sudano-Sahelian zone. The climate is much more characterized by the Sahelian zone with an average rainfall of 350 to 550 mm. There are two seasons: a rainy season from June to September and a dry season from October to May including a cold period from November to February with low temperature amplitudes. The average annual temperature is 28°C. May is the hottest month with an average of 33°C while January is the coolest month with an average of 22°C. The consequences of climate change, particularly the drop in rainfall, have negative effects on several components of the physical environment (soils, vegetation, watercourses, sunshine, etc.).  Soils The Mopti region is characterised by fragile ecological balances. In the flooded area, the soils are clayey in most of the central delta with alluvial plains with hydro-morphic soils where bourgou and other aquatic plants grow. In the exundated zone, the soils are highly degraded, a degradation that is evidenced by the general impoverishment of soils following their regular cultivation (dry crops such as millet, sorghum). Several factors have caused soil depletion in the region. Other factors include the degradation of forest formations and pastoral rangelands, the low restitution to the soil of crop withdrawals, the disappearance of fallow systems, the continuous monoculture of cereals, the strong demographic pressure and wind and water erosion. There is a lack of agricultural intensification and the application of anti-erosive techniques.  Vegetation The Mopti Region has a wide variety of forest and facies systems. It has seven (7) classified forests all located in the and dating from the colonial period (1946). Depending on the ecological zones, there are types of vegetation adapted to each of them. In the flooded zone, there is a herbaceous and hydrophilic tree cover supporting flooding with endemic species of stations with poorly drained hydro-morphic soils. In the inundated area, we have the plateau area with the Douentza, Boni and Hombori heights where there is a cover with depressions collecting waters that can only stream. The forests in the flooded area are in sharp decline. In 21 years the forest area of the flooded area has decreased by 93%. The forests in the inundated area are also prone to severe degradation due to exploitation by local populations. In 1987, the total area of forest was 1,450,000 hectares. In 2007, they were only 451,114 hectares, a regression rate of 66.75%. Forest formations and pastoral rangelands in the region are in a state of severe degradation due to insufficient rainfall and reduced flooding. In addition to these factors, there is the strong human pressure characterized by bush fires, overgrazing, agricultural development of areas formerly used exclusively for pastoral purposes, excessive logging, etc.

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 Temperatures Temperatures have been rising since the 1980s. Before 1980, annual average temperatures rarely reached 30°C, but since then they have reached 30°C. Thus the warmest years were 1987 with 30.6°C, 1993 with 30°C and 2002 with 30.2°C. This rise in temperature will continue over the decades. Combined with the decrease in rainfall, these high temperatures will contribute to accelerate the degradation of biodiversity in the flooded area. Relative humidity is less than 50% during the dry months from November to June. Evapotranspiration varies between 2 300 mm and 2 750 mm. The total duration of exposure per year is 3200 hours. Strong winds blow from February to August with a maximum in June. From a hydrographic point of view (rivers), the Mopti Region is dominated by surface water. It has the Niger River (262 km) and its tributaries and distributaries, the Baní River (150 km) and the Black Volta through the Sourou River.

f. Timbuktu Region The Timbuktu region is the sixth region in Mali. It has a 620 km northern border with the Democratic Republic of Algeria; an eastern border with the and the Republic of Burkina Faso; a western border with the Islamic Republic of Mauritania of 1240 km and the Ségou Region; and a southern border with the Mopti Region.

The closest point in the region to the National Capital is located more than 660 km (Léré), and the furthest point is nearly 2,000 km (Taoudéni).

The region covers an area of 497,926 km², about 40% of the National territory and is located entirely in the northern part of Mali between the 15th and 25th parallel of north latitude; between the 3rd and 4th degree of west longitude. The region has five (5) cercles and fifty-two communes, three of which are urban (Timbuktu, Diré and ) and 963 villages and towns.

There are two types of climates between the south and north of the region: • The Sahelian climate covering the entire southern strip on either side of the river valley; • The Sahelo-Saharan climate and even the Saharan climate in the north. There are three types of unevenly distributed seasons throughout the year. It is about: - The dry and cold season from October to February (5 months); - The hot dry season from March to June (4 months); - The rainy season from July to September (3 months).

The last two seasons are characterized by harmattan winds from the northeast and southwest and wintering does not exceed 30 rainy days per season.

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Ecological zones are identified with the two types of climate mentioned above. They are characterized by a very high disparity in terms of plant composition; • Presence of herbaceous and woody vegetation in the Sahelian zone; • Mainly herbaceous vegetation in the Sahelo-Saharan zone. It has the country's greatest agro- pastoral potential with its rich pastures and numerous livestock.

The Region has flooded and exposed areas, all with Agro-sylvo-pastoral potential. The abundance of these pastoral resources makes the region an area of livestock production par excellence and the most transhumant because of seasonal variations and climate change factors. The sector would need to be organised to deal with the challenges of climate change, which are causing significant transhumance factors. For good, harmonious and sustainable management, it would be essential to implement the actors' organizational strategies. There are three types of soil in the Timbuktu area: a) Sandy Soils, made up of sand b) Silty soils are transitional areas between clay and sandy soils c) Clayey Soils, difficult to till in the dry season, with grey, cracked surfaces.

Vegetation characteristics and biomass production of these soils indicate that the soils of this entire area receive less than 250 mm of rainfall per year on average. They are dominated by natural grasslands of cenchrusbiflorus, panicum, turgidum and aristidaspp, on flattened or stabilized sand dunes. The often thin grassy mat grows quickly with the first rains at the same time as the trees turn green again. As part of efforts tackle the problem of silting, major efforts have been put in place and are still ongoing.

3.3 General socio-economic characteristics Mali’s population is growing at a rate of 3.6% per year. More than three quarters of the population live in rural areas. The urban population is largely concentrated in Bamako, which has over 2 million inhabitants. The demographic household size is 6.3 at the national level. The average population density of municipalities per region is very heterogeneous. The national population density is 13.5 inhabitants per square kilometre and varies from 0.4 inhabitants in the to 8,344 inhabitants in Bamako District. In terms of gender and age distribution, there are 50.4% women and a very high proportion of young people, since nearly two thirds (65%) of the population are under 25 years of age.

Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world. It ranks 179th out of 187 countries (UNDP 2017). High population growth rates and natural disasters (droughts, floods, locusts’ invasion) exacerbate poverty, food insecurity and instability. Ranked 176th out of 187 countries according to the 2014 HDI (UNDP), with an HDI of 0.407 and ranked 182nd out of 187 countries according to the 2018 UNDP Human Development Index1, with an HDI of 0.427, poverty reduction has not changed much despite macroeconomic recovery from the crisis with a GDP growth rate of 5.3% in 2017. The level of

1 http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/MLI#

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poverty in 2017 decreased to 44.9% from 46.8% in 2016, a decrease of 1.8%. Nevertheless, poverty remains a rural phenomenon with an incidence of poverty of 53.6% compared to 19% in urban areas in 2017 (CREDD, 2018). The poor populations are 90% concentrated in the rural areas in the south of the country where the population density is the highest.

Table 1 : Population estimates in the five regions concerned disaggregated by gender in 2017 2017 Name of region Men Women Total Kayes 1,277,300 1,312,701 2,590,000

Koulikoro region 1,560,516 1,586,483 3,146,999

Mopti region 1,694,022 1,739,978 3,434,000

Segou region 1,502,748 1,535,252 3,038,000

Sikasso region 1,308,087 1,336,912 2,645,000

Timbuktu region 438,729 438,272 877,000

Total 7,342,673 7,511,326 14,853,000 Source: Direction Nationale de la Population, March 2017

3.4 Energy sector Only 27% of the Malian population has access to electricity: 14.89% (including public lighting) in rural areas and 55.27% in urban areas (Sources: CPS MEME 2010). The domestic energy sector is of vital importance for Mali. Indeed, the energy consumed by households accounts for nearly 80% of the national energy balance, and comes almost exclusively from traditional energy sources. Wood fuel consumption amounts to more than 6 million tons/year resulting in a deforestation rate of several hundred thousand hectares of forests resulting in increased drought and desertification.

Alternative fuels (fuel briquettes -28 tons-, butane gas -13,000 tons-Amader 2012 activity report and kerosene) are still little used for cooking by households. Household energy consumption is one of Mali's main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing between 2 and 10 million tons of carbon dioxide ("CO2") equivalent per year. Mali's total GHG emissions are estimated at 8,460 million tons. Emissions from the domestic energy subsector come from the combustion of domestic fuels on the one hand, and from the uncontrolled exploitation of forest resources for the supply of wood energy and service wood, which reduces the carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration capacity of these resources on the other. Renewable energies (solar, wind, etc.) are currently used at an insignificant level.

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3.5 Socio-economic data of Kayes The Kayes region has a hydroelectric power plant (Manantali) which has been operational since 2001, a network (inter-connection between the three states) of 1500 km of transmission lines, the Felou power plant and the Gouina power plant. Service stations and fuel sales outlets are concentrated where regional, national and international road traffic is heavy. Gas distribution is carried out by approved distributors and domestic consumption is carried out by local traders.  Forest exploitation

The harvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), including wild cowpea, shea butter, néré, tamarind, baobab leaves and fruits, cram, cram, rôniers, bamboo) has a very important traditional role in self-consumption and food security in rural areas, especially during famine years (Appendix 7.4.1). The family economy is based on harvesting products such as shea kernels, gum arabic, rônier, bamboo, honey etc. In recent years, commercial harvesting has undergone remarkable development with the expansion of real economic sectors. NTFP production more than doubled between 2014 and 2017, from 2.4 tons to nearly 5 tons for all products (EYSD, 2018). The production level of gum arabic is estimated at 49,380 kg, representing a value of 1,234,500 CFA francs (DNEF- Annual reports from 2014 to 2017). Shea nuts (Vitellariaparadoxa), "zaban" (Landolfiasenegalensis), "néré", (Parkiabiglobosa) etc. are among others, non-wood forest products which, in addition to self- consumption, are marketed, processed or even exported by many economic operators who have specialized in these sectors. The export of non-timber forest products on a FOB basis increased from XOF0.46 billion in 2012 to XOF2.46 billion in 2016 (SISE, 2017).  Trade and crafts Trade in the Kayes region mainly involves the export of agro-pastoral products (cereals, livestock, hides, skins, etc.) to neighbouring countries (Senegal, Mauritania). Trade at the regional level involves the sale of agro-pastoral products to urban communes, followed by foodstuffs, capital goods and technical services to the countryside and rural communes.  Gender and women’s groups Women occupy a prominent place in the community and are active in trade, crafts, light industry and agriculture. Some of the women's groups include URCAK (Union Régionale des Coopératives Agricoles de Kayes), Coordination des Femmes de Samé and ASPROFER (Association Professionnelle des Femmes Rurales de la région de Kayes), Associations of acacia gum producers, cooperative for monkey bread, acacia gum and jujube, etc. The main cereal crops cultivated by women are sorghum and maize. The main cash crop is groundnuts besides cowpeas and tubers. Sorghum represents the main cereal crop in terms of production level with 117,294 tons over the past 14 years, followed by maize and millet. There is a gradual expansion of market gardening. Market gardening whether for self-consumption or for sale is practised in all villages mainly by women and the main products are: shallots, onions, cowpeas, tomatoes, cabbage, potatoes, salad, cassava, sweet potatoes and eggplants.

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The mission identified women's groups in the various localities visited.  Environmental and social constraints in the region The main constraints include: - The uneven and well-marked relief in certain parts of the region (Kéniéba cercle for example) which limits the arable land and makes access difficult - Climatic hazards not anticipated by farmers - The low rainfall of the Sahel parts of the region does not allow for real development of agricultural production - Degradation of vegetative cover due to misuse of wood and wildlife forest products and erosion, - Low rural incomes leading to rural exodus; - Land constraints. 3.6 Socio-economic data of the Koulikoro region  Farming Farming has resisted despite degrading security situation and represents more than 30% of the GDP (IMF, 2008) compared to 23.9% in 2010 (IMF 2013). The growth rate remains closely correlated to the rainfall pattern which dropped from 7.6% to 4.8% between 2016 and 2017, the year of less favourable rainfall. The potential of arable lands in Mali amounts to close to 41 million hectares (DNA-2016-2017 Activity report) and indicates a great agro-ecological diversity with agricultural production systems from cotton based systems in the South to oasis-based system in the North including dry or irrigated cereals based systems. Farmlands vary according to rainfall years (7.3 million hectares during the good 2016-2017 crop year (INSTAT 2017) compared to 5.8 million hectares in 2017/2018 (DNA 2018). These areas have increased by 1.5 million hectares compared to the pre-crisis situation in 2011/2012 which was 4.3 million hectares, representing a 35% increase (INSTAT 2017). This increase is partly due to the mechanization of agriculture which affects all cereals and especially arboriculture including cashew and mango farming.

 Trade and crafts The diversity and volume of agricultural products, livestock and fisheries, forestry and handicrafts, industrial and craft products, explain the informal nature of the region's trade. It includes the activities of small market production (dyeing, gold panning, sand mining, etc.), the service sector (catering, retailing), etc.

 Environmental and social constraints in the region The main constraints at the regional level are:

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- poverty, acidity and structural instability of soils; - lack of financial resources in NRM; - failure to optimize and rationalize resources. Apart from these constraints, it should be noted that many projects are implemented in the region in a sectoral manner, without any real involvement of local authorities.

3.7 Socio economic activities in the Sikasso region  Farming The Sikasso region, also known as the “breadbasket of Mali”, is an area with strong agricultural potential. Agriculture is therefore the main activity of the locality. The main crops are cotton, maize, sorghum, millet, rice, groundnuts and beans. Maize, sorghum and millet are the staple foods. In the , in addition to these crops, fonio cultivation has also been widely practiced in recent years. Farmers are confronted with a lack of agricultural equipment, climatic hazards, high input prices, unsuitable seeds (climate change), a poor pricing policy for cotton, difficulties in selling agricultural products at good prices because of landlocked areas.  Crafts Craftsmen are organized into micro businesses. However, it is difficult to estimate the exact number of artisans in the area.

3.8 Economic characteristics of the Segou region The economy of the circle is essentially agro-sylvo-pastoral. The main activities carried out by the population are farming, fishing, breeding and gathering.  Farming The main crops are millet, which accounts for the large share of dry cereal areas, maize, sorghum, fonio and rice. Three rice cultivation systems are practiced in the area: traditional lowland rice cultivation, controlled submersion rice cultivation practiced in the Ségou area along the Niger River and water-controlled rice cultivation in the Office du Niger lockers in Bewani, a small part of which is located in the area. Secondary crops are groundnuts, cowpeas, voandzou, cassava, watermelon, fruit and vegetable crops. Cereal production in the cercle was 139,165 tonnes (2007/ 2008 crop year: Direction Régionale de l'Agriculture) of which millet = 84119 tonnes, sorghum = 6303 tonnes, maize = 832 tonnes, fonio = 840 tonnes and rice = 47071 tonnes. Peanuts, watermelons, voandzou and cowpeas represent speculative crops. The cereal requirement is estimated in tonnes in 2008 (the requirement is calculated in net production on the basis of 214 kg/person per year with an estimated population in 2008).

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 Forestry The classified area of the cercle includes 6 forests: Diaka (2,740 ha); Dougoukolola (10,400 ha); Fambougou (3,300 ha); Faïra (3,200 ha), Fanzana (6,300 ha) and Dioforongo (10,000 ha), i.e. a total area of 35,940 ha. The Regional Directorate of Nature Conservation has set up a management scheme for these forest massifs in order to better control their exploitation.

3.9 Socio-economic of the Mopti region  Farming In terms of farming, dry crops are grown in the exposed area, rice in the flooded zone, while the Dogon plateau remains the preferred area for market gardening. In addition to wood resources, forests provide a wide range of non-timber products including leaves, fruits, roots, fibres, honey, gums and other resins that are used in food as well as for various purposes (pharmacopoeia, fodder, ropes, basketry, etc.). They are also sold on a small scale and are therefore sources of income for rural populations, especially women. There are no data on the exploitation of these products due to the lack of regulations in this area. The species include: baobab (Adansonia digitata), Shea (Vitelaria paradoxa), Néré (Parkia biglobosa), zaban (Landolphia senegalensis), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), wild grape (Lannea microcarpa), doumier (Hyphaene thebaica), ronier (Borassus aethiopum), wild plum (Poupartia birrea), wild date (Balanites aegyptiaca), kapok tree (Bombax costatum), etc. Tress generally age in natural forests because of drought combined with intense human and animal pressure. This poses a medium and long term problem for the sustainability of these species if conservation and protection measures are not taken. Thus, in the region, species in decline or endangered include Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa), Néré (Parkia biglobosa), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), doumier (Hyphaene thebaica), rônier (Borassus aethiopum), kapok tree (Bombax costatum), etc. Relics are found especially in rural areas.  Forest resources The region's forest resources are heavily dependent on rainfall and river flooding. Beyond these natural factors, the vegetation cover is also quite influenced by human activities such as extensive agriculture, bush fires, cutting of trees to feed animals. As a result, the region has a wide variety of forest and facies systems.

- Apart from fruit tree cultivation, forestry is not developed in the region. There are no large areas reforested all in one piece. The woody capital of the region is significant and removals are estimated at 1,629,000 m3/year.

- Wildlife resources include elephants, gazelles, hyenas, warthogs, aardvarks, jackals, ratels or honey badgers, civet cats, monkeys, hares, squirrels, manatees, of hippopotamuses and 350

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waterbird species, 108 of which are migratory species such as summer teals, duck, pintail, ruff, Gambian goose, black-tailed godwit, etc.

3.10 Land issues in Mali

With more than 2/3 of the desert area, the pressure from land use for cultivation, livestock breeding and settlement is very strong in the rest of the country. This poses quite acute land problems between farmers and herdsmen in some places, especially in the Sikasso region. In accordance with the land code, land, fauna and flora are State property, and the State may delegate management of land use to decentralized or devolved or village entities. While in urban areas management is done in accordance with the Land Code, in rural areas it is rather customary rules that underpin land management.

Major Environmental and Social Challenges in Mali In Mali, the degradation process of natural resources is characterized by: a strong pressure on forest resources with agricultural land clearing, as well as socio-economic activities; significant tree removals for fuel wood which is the main source of domestic energy. The pressure on forest resources is enormous: land clearing, over-exploitation of fuel wood, bush fires, over-exploitation of medicinal biomass, over-grazing. This leads to a loss of forest and tree cover, loss of biodiversity and endangered wildlife and plant species. It can be admitted that the degradation of the forest cover has worsened with the increase in urban population, which generates a higher demand for fuel wood in cities.

The scarcity of wood resources affects the energy needs of rural populations who, unlike populations in urban centres, do not have other alternatives such as electrification with fuel oil and hydro- electricity.

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IV. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL POLICY FRAMEWORK APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT

4.1. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL POLICY FRAMEWORK IN MALI 4.1.1. Strategic Framework for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development (CREDD) The Strategic Framework for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development (CREDD) constitutes the new National Development Strategy which incorporates all Government's strategic guidelines and enables the Government and Technical and Financial Partners to achieve their ambition of having a single reference document that reflects development priorities for the 2016-2018 period. It is the reference framework for the design, implementation and monitoring of the various development policies and strategies, both at national and sector level. This document serves as a compass for all sectors in terms of expected changes in the implementation and conduct of public policies. The overall objective of the Strategic Framework for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development (CREDD) 2016-2018 is to promote inclusive and sustainable development for the reduction of poverty and inequality in a united and peaceful Mali, building on the resilience potential and capacity to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. The Government of Mali is resolutely pursuing its efforts within the framework of the Pan-African Vision for the long- term development of the continent, adopted in January 2015 by the Conference of Heads of State and Government of the African Union in the Agenda 2063 Framework Document, namely: "An integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, led by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force on the world stage". The strategy is divided into two (02) preliminary areas of focus, three (03) strategic areas of focus, thirteen (13) priority areas and thirty-eight (38) specific objectives. Each specific objective has three (03) components: (i) Budgetary performance in relation to programme budgets, (ii) Institutional modernization measures, (iii) Quick impact activities.

4.1.2. Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Programme (GPRSP)

The Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategic Programme (GPRSP) was drawn up for the 2012-2017 period and constitutes the single medium-term reference document for Mali's development policy and the main reference document for all Technical and Financial Partners (TFPs) in their support to the country. Its overall objective is to accelerate the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals through inclusive development based on the reduction of poverty and inequality.

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The GPRSP is based on five (05) areas of focus: (i) strengthening peace and security; (ii) strengthening stability of the macro-economic framework; (iii) promoting accelerated, sustainable, pro-poor growth that creates employment and income-generating activities; (iv) strengthening the long-term basis for development, and equitable access to quality social services; (v) institutional development and governance.

4.1.3. The National Environmental Protection Policy (NEPP)

The national environmental protection policy aims to "ensure a healthy environment and sustainable development, by taking into account the environmental dimension in all decisions affecting the design, planning and implementation of development policies, programmes and activities, through the empowerment of all actors".

It provides the guideline framework for effective and sustainable environmental management and planning. This framework will enable Mali to address and manage all environmental issues. Environmental problems will be solved through the implementation of action programmes at national (national action programmes), regional (regional action programmes) and local (local action programmes) levels, and through implementation of legislative, legal and regulatory measures and appropriate institutional reforms.

The approach adopted in terms of environmental policy has the distinctive characteristic of defining guidelines in this area, not as a set of sector measures disconnected from the other sectors of activity, but rather as cross-cutting lines of action conducive to synergy, which make it possible to place the various national policies and programmes within an overall and coherent framework of intervention, with a view to ensuring sustainable development.

The implementation of the NEPP is carried out through 9 programmes (which take into account all the international conventions, treaties and conventions ratified by Mali. These include), the "New and Renewable Energy Resources Development Programme" which is directly related to the implementation of the PROJECT.

4.1.4. National Strategy for the Use and Conservation of Biodiversity

The first element worth mentioning in terms of biodiversity in Mali is its richness. Its natural heritage is marked by the existence of: 1,730 species of woody plants; about 640 species of birds; plus 130 species of land fauna; over 140 species of fish (of which 24 are endemic; Sources: SNDB). The

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National Biodiversity Strategy and its Action Plan aim, among other things, to: (i) have a directory of areas of interest for particular flora, fauna and ecosystems; (ii) improve knowledge on the functioning of ecosystems as well as animal and plant species of ecological or economic interest; (iii) improve knowledge on national genetic heritage of cultivated plants, related wild species, breeds of domestic animals and wild species; (iv) promote sustainable use of fauna and flora; (v) ensure the in situ conservation of local cultivated plants and breeds of endangered animals.

4.1.5. Mali's National Policy on Climate Change

The overall objective of Mali's National Policy on Climate Change (NPCC) is to address the challenges of climate change by ensuring sustainable development in the country. These specific objectives are: (i) facilitate better integration of climate challenges into national sector socio- economic development policies and strategies and guide public, private and Civil Society interventions for sustainable development; (ii) build capacity for adaptation and resilience of ecological, economic and social systems to the impacts of climate change through the integration of adaptation measures as priority in most vulnerable sectors; (iii) build capacity for prevention and management of risk and natural disasters (iv) contribute to global effort to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, especially by promoting clean and sustainable projects; (v) promote national research and technology transfer on climate change; and (vi) build national capacity on climate change.

On the energy front, the NPCC's strategic guidelines in the energy sector will involve: (i) promotion of renewable energy; (ii) promotion of energy efficiency; (iii) promotion of low-cost energy alternatives to fuel wood (biogas, butane gas, fuel briquettes); (iv) promotion of biofuels (production, processing and local use); (v) promotion of micro dams, and (vi) mapping of biomass, wind and solar resources.

4.1.6. National Programme of Action for Adaptation to Adverse Effects of Climate Change (NAPA)

The National Action Programme for Adaptation to Adverse Effects of Climate Change (NAPA) was finalized and validated in July 2007, under the guidance of the National Meteorological Directorate (NMD) attached to the Ministry of Development Planning and Transport. It was drawn up by a group of Experts and mostly in a participatory manner. The Programme identifies nineteen priority adaptation options presented in the form of project notes. The NAPA places particular emphasis on promoting renewable energy; promoting energy efficiency; promoting low-cost energy alternatives to fuel wood (biogas, butane gas, fuel briquettes) promoting biofuels (production, processing and local use) promoting micro dams; mapping biomass, wind and solar resources.

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4.1.7. National Health Policy

The policy aims to promote and maintain a healthy environment for sustainable development by 2020 through (i) potable water supply; (ii) solid and liquid waste management; (iii) water quality control; and (iv) control exposure to environmental contaminants. The policy is in line with certain international agreements and conventions, including: (a) International Potable Water and Sanitation Decade; (b) Convention on the Rights of the Child in its Water – Hygiene Sanitation component; (c) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs); etc. There are also decentralized technical services in the field of water, hygiene and sanitation and training modules in this subject.

4.1.8. National Forest Policy

The national forest policy aims to contribute to achieving the major objectives of economic growth, food self-sufficiency, increased income and environmental protection in its area of competence, namely the management of forest, wildlife and fisheries resources. To this end, it is structured around three options specific to forest, wildlife and fisheries resources: a social option that aims to empower rural people for sustainable resource management by recognizing their capacity to manage these resources rationally with the support in terms of advice they will need; an economic option that aims to encourage land investment by co-financing the State if necessary and by giving guarantees of land security; and an ecological option that aims at the conservation of genetic diversity, production diversity and biological diversity.

4.2. Other sector policies related to the PROJECT 4.2.1. Decentralization and Land-use Planning Policy

The guidelines on decentralization are provided in Act No. 93-008 of 11th February 1993. This law defines the conditions for free administration of local authorities, it is the transfer of a number of competencies and means from the State to local authorities by making them more autonomous and more accountable to themselves for their actions.

The operational framework for the implementation of decentralization is set by the outline of the land- use planning scheme (ESAT, 1995) and the preliminary drafts of regional planning and development schemes (AP-SRAD, 1997). These tools mainly aim to give a territorial dimension to economic development planning as part of a regional organization that takes into account the requirements arising from decentralization. The strategic guidelines identified in the ESAT are structured around four main areas of focus: (i) readjustment of the urban development process by promoting secondary

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support centres that are likely to slow down expansion of large cities; (ii) concentrating industrial activities in a limited number of urban centres, with a view to encouraging better control of pollution phenomena; (iii) strengthening the regional integration process by setting up connecting infrastructure and interconnecting regional urban systems; (iv) protecting the natural environment and endangered ecosystems.

 The National Land Use Planning Policy The National land Use Planning Policy, adopted by the Council of Ministers by Decree No. 2016- 0881/P-RM of 23 November 2016, aims to streamline sectoral policies to achieve a balanced and sustainable development of the country. Its implementation will ensure a more equitable distribution of resources between the different regions of the country, and sustainable management of natural resources.

4.2.2. National Energy Policy

The national energy policy aims to help achieve a rational use of all forms of energy (traditional and modern) likely to promote human, economic and industrial development, and improve the conditions of access to modern energy for populations, particularly, the poorest populations at a lower cost in a long-term perspective. Among the main areas of focus of the policy are: (i) the development of national energy potential (hydro-electricity, renewable energy); (ii) conservation of forest resources, in particular, fuel wood, through sustainable exploitation for the benefit of rural populations; The national energy policy places particular emphasis on protection of the environment, particularly, through the promotion of renewable energy.

4.2.3. National household Energy Strategy (SED)

The National Strategy for household Energy (SED) meets two development objectives in terms of domestic energy: (i) on the demand side: improve access to energy and its use, particularly in its modern forms, and thereby improve the daily living conditions of part of Mali's population; (ii) on the supply side: ensure that fuel wood supply methods are conducive to economic development and do not deteriorate the environment, through rational management of forest resources by rural communities.

4.2.4. National Biofuel Development Strategy

The strategy aims to institute a single framework of actions for Mali, a framework that is capable of ensuring greater coherence in the development of biofuels, based on the best identified, evaluated and planned potential to maximize their contribution to the country's economic and social development.

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The strategic guidelines are as follows: Establishing a roadmap; Capacity building; Improving the attractiveness of the biofuel sector; Stakeholder consultation on the development of the Jatropha industry; Research and development.

4.3. Environmental and Social Legal Framework Mali's legal framework for environmental issues is characterized by two major trends: national instruments and international instruments.

4.3.1. National Legal Framework

The national legal framework on the environment is very rich and varied. Mali has legislations on almost all environmental aspects: fauna, flora, living environment, environmental assessment, biosecurity, water, pesticides, etc. The legal provisions deemed relevant to the project are presented as follows.

 The Constitution In its preamble, the constitution affirms the commitment of the Malian people to "ensuring the improvement of quality of life, the protection of the environment and the cultural heritage" and recognizes for all "the right to a healthy environment". Article 15 states that "the protection and defense of the environment and the promotion of quality of life are a duty for all and for the State".

 National legislation on the environment and protection of natural resources Act No. 19-028 of 12 July 2010 that defines the principles of resource management in the national forest domain. It defines the conditions for conservation, protection, exploitation, transport, marketing, development and sustainable use of forest resources; Decree N°10-387/P-RM of 26 July 2010 establishing the list of protected forest species and forest species of economic value; Act No. 95-031/AN-RM of 20/03/1995 establishing the conditions for the management of wildlife and its habitat, which sets the general conditions for conservation, protection, development and exploitation of wildlife and its habitat in the national wildlife domain; Decree No. 96-050/P-RM of 14/02/1996 on the procedures for classifying wildlife reserves and sanctuaries and areas of interest for hunting with dogs. Law n° 02-006/AN-RM of 31/01/2006 on the water code. Article 2 of the Water Code lays down rules for the use, conservation, protection and management of water resources. Decree N°01-394 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 which defines the purpose of solid waste management and the concepts related to this form of pollution;

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Decree N° 01-397 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 which defines the purpose of the management of atmospheric pollutants and the concepts related to this form of pollution; Decree N° 01-396 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 which defines the purpose of noise pollution management, the concepts related to this form of pollution; Act No. 92-013/AN-RM of 17 September 1991, establishing a national system of standardization and quality control which aims to ensure: preservation of health and protection of life; safeguarding the safety of men and property; improvement of the quality of goods and services; protection of the environment; Decree No. 90-355/P-RM of 8 August, 1990, establishing the list of toxic waste and the procedures for applying Act No. 89-61/ AN-RM; Act No. 01-020 of 30 May 2001 on pollution and environmental pollution establishes the application of the Polluter-Pays principle, which aims to encourage developers to implement best environmental practices and make the necessary clean-up investments or use cleaner technologies; Act No. 08-033/AN-RM of 11 August 2008 on classified installations for the protection of the environment; Decree No. 06-258/P-RM of 22 June setting the conditions for carrying out environmental audit; Act No. 85-40/AN-RM of 26 July 1985 on the protection and promotion of the national cultural heritage. Wildlife protection Act 02-017 of 3 June 2002 relating to the detention, trade, export, re-export, import, transport and transit of specimens of wild fauna and flora species. Decree N°07-155/P-RM of 10 May 2007 establishing the list of local wild fauna and flora species and the modalities for obtaining authorization for the production, manufacturing, detention and use of objects from all or part of these species for commercial purposes. Decree No2014-0662/P-RM of 2 September 2014 relating to the prevention of bird and wildlife hazards in airfields in Mali.

Plant health control Act N°02-013 of 3 June 2002 instituting plant health control in the Republic of Mali. Decree N°02-305/P-RM dated 3 June 2002 establishing the modalities for applying the Act instituting phytosanitary control in Mali. Protection of the wild flora Act N° 02-017 of 3 June 2002 relating to the detention, trade, export, re-export, import, transport and transit of specimens of wild fauna and flora species Decree N°07-155/P-RM of 10 May 2007 establishing the list of local wild fauna and flora species and the modalities for obtaining authorization for the production, manufacturing, detention and use of objects from all or part of these species for commercial purposes. Regulation of national parks Act 02-02 of 16 January 2002 relating to the classification of the Kouroufing National Park

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Order 2014-1904/MEEA-SG of 17 July 2014 approving the development and management plan of the Kouroufing National Park Act N°003 of 16 January 2002 relating to the classification of the Wongo National Park Order 2014-1905/MEEA-SG dated 17 July 2014 approving the development and management plan of the Wongo National Park Interministerial Order 2014-2455/MEEA-SG of 10 September 2014 setting up the members of the advisory and coordination committee in charge of National Parks monitoring in Mali Act 063 dated July 2001 relating to the classification of the “ Boucle du Baoulé” National Park and its adjacent reserves as a Biosphere reserve Order N°91-61/CTSP of 16 September 1991 creating the development operation of the National Park « Boucle du baoulé » and its adjacent reserves as the Biosphere reserve Decree N°94-235/P6RM of 12 July 1994 amending the limits of the Boucle du Baoulé national Park Decree N°01-292/P-RM of 6 July 2001 establishing the organization and modalities of development of the Boucle du Baoulé National Park and its adjacent reserves Forestry law. Law N°2010-028 of 12 July 2010 determining the basic principles relating to resource management of the National forestry estate. The Decree N°97-53P-RM of 31 January 1997 fixing the royalty rate for land clearing in Government forestry estate and defining the official southern limit of the Sahel region. Decree N°99-320/P-RM dated 4 October 1999 fixing the procedure for land clearing in Government forestry estate Decree N°00-022/P-RM of 19 January 2000 fixing the modalities for the classification of forests, reforestation and protected areas of Government forestry estate. Decree N° 85-241/P-RM of 26 September 1985 on the classification of the Lougouan forest Decree N° 85-242/P-RM of 26 September on the classification of the Kambergué forest Decree N° 85-243/P-RM of 26 September 1985 on the classification of the Zangasso forest Decree N° 85-245/P-RM of 26 September 1985 on the classification of the Kobani forest Order N°99- 1087/ME-SG of 16 June 1999 relating to the approval of the development and management plan of the Faya classified forest Order N°99- 1088/ME-SG of 16 June 1999 relating to the approval of the development and management plan of Mountain Mandingue classified forest Order N°99- 1089/ME-SG of 16 June 1999 relating to the approval of the development and management plan of the classified forest Decree N°01- 098/ME-SG of 23 February 2001 on the classification of the Sounsan forest Order N°2014- 1917/MEEA-SG of 17 July 2014 relating to the approval of the development and management plan of the Ouani classified forest Order N°2014- 1918/MEEA-SG of 17 July 2014 relating to the approval of the development and management plan of the classified forest Decree N°2016- 0267/P-RM of 29 April 2016 on the partial declassification of and Faya classified forests in the Koulikoro region and the Zangasso classified forest in the Sikasso region Decree N°10- 387/P-RM of 26 July 2010 establishing the list of protected forest species and forest species of economic value

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Decree N°10- 388/P-RM of 26 July 2010 fixing the royalty rates to perceive from the exploitation of forest products in Government forestry estate Decree N°2011- 637/P-RM of 20 September 2011 determining the conditions and modalities for the exercise of powers conferred for the exploitation and transport of forest products

 Specific legislation on land-use management Law N°85-53/AN-RM of 21 June 1985, instituting administrative easements in urban planning; Law n°93-008/AN-RM of 11 February 1993 defining the conditions for the free administration of local authorities, amended by Law n° 96 056 of 16 October 1996 and amended by Law n° 99037 of 10 August 1999; Act No. 95-034/AN-RM of 12 April 1995 on the Local Authorities Code, amended by Act No. 98 010 of 19 June 1998 and amended by Act No. 98 066 of 30 December 1998; Law No. 96/050 of 16 October 1996 on the principle for establishment and management of the domain of local authorities; Act No. 96-059 of 4 November 1996 on the creation of municipalities; Act No. 035 of 10 August 1999 on establishment of local authorities, and regions; Laws No. 95-034 of 12 April 1995, 98-010 of 15 June 1998 and 98-066 of 30 December 1998 on the Local Authorities Code; Act No. 96-050 of 16 October 1996 on the principles for establishment and management of the domain of local authorities; Law N°06-40/AN-RM on Agricultural Orientation Law; Act no 2017-019 of 12 June 2017 relating to the Land Development Orientation law

Ordinance No. 00-027/P-RM of 22nd March 2000 on the Land and Property Code, amended and ratified by Act No. 02-008 of 12th February 2002; Decree N°01-040/P-RM of 02nd February 2001 defining the forms and conditions for the allocation of land in the private state real estate domain; Decree N°01-041/P-RM of February 02, 2001 setting the modalities of allocation of the occupancy permit Decree N°02-111/P-RM of 06th March 2002 defining the forms and conditions of land management in the public real estate domains of the State and local authorities; Decree N°02-112/P-RM of 06th March 2002 defining the forms and conditions of allocation of land in the private property domain of local authorities. Condition for law enforcement relating to pollution and nuisance Decree N°01-394 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 fixing the modalities for solid waste management Decree N°01-395 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 fixing the modalities for waste water and slush management Decree N°01-396 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 fixing the modalities for sound pollution management

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Decree N°01-397 /P-RM of 6 September 2001 fixing the modalities for air pollutants management Decree N° 2014- 572/ P-RM of 22 July 2014 fixing the powers transferred by Government to local authorities as regards sanitation and elimination of pollution and nuisance Law N°92-013/AN-RM of 17 September 1992 relating to the national standardization and quality control system

 Prevention of industrial pollution Import and transit of toxic waste Law N°89-61 /AN-RM of 22 July 1989 on law enforcement against transit of toxic waste Decree N° 90- 355/ P-RM of 8 August 1990 fixing the list of toxic waste Decree N° 07- 135/ P-RM of 16 April 2007 fixing the list of hazardous waste

Classified facilities for environment protection Law N° 08-033 of 11August 2008 relating to classified facilities for the protection of the environment Decree N°09- 0666/P-RM of 21 December 2009 fixing the modalities for the enforcement of the law N° 08-033 of 11 August 2008 relating to classified facilities for environment protection.

Radiation protection and safety of ionizing radiation sources. Ordinance No. 02-59 / P-RM of 5 June 2002 on radiation protection and safety of ionizing radiation sources; Decree No. 14- 0931 / P-RM of 31 December 2014 laying down rules for the protection against ionizing radiation, safety and security of ionizing radiation sources.

 Specific Legislation on Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)

Act No. 01-020 of 30 May 2001, through the provisions of Decree No. 08-346 /P-RM of 26 June 2008 on environmental and social impact assessment, amended by Decree No. 09-318/P-RM of 26 June 2009, specifies the obligation to conduct ESIAs.

Decree No. 08-346 /P-RM of 26 June 2008 on environmental and social impact assessment, amended by Decree No. 09-318/P-RM of 26 June 2009, sets out the rules and procedures relating to Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. This decree on ESIAs is a significant step forward and constitutes an important legislative instrument for environmental protection applicable to the various sectors of activity affecting the environment: natural resources and urban environment, industrial and small-scale activities, mining and agricultural activities, transmission of electricity, etc.

The decree insists on the obligation to carry out environmental impact assessment and compliance with the procedure for all projects, whether public or private, the implementation of which is likely to

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deteriorate the biophysical and human environment. In addition, the provisions on applying the environmental and social impact assessment legislation are based on the following principles: The environmental assessment is an integral part of the projects and programmes and the results of the impact assessment are presented in the approval document for the administrative authorization; The developer is responsible for conducting the assessment, preparing the ESIA document and paying the costs; The developer also ensures the implementation of measures to correct, reduce and/or compensate for the negative impacts of the project as well as internal monitoring/control according to required standards.

The Decree specifies the important elements concerning the scope of impact assessment, the obligation for the procedure for certain types of project, the content of the reports, the obligation for public consultation, drawing up the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), including the costs of mitigation measures, the role of stakeholders and the implementation schedules. For all projects subject to ESIA, the execution of works is subject to obtaining an environmental permit issued by the Minister for the Environment.

The decree classifies development projects into three (3) categories: Category A projects: Projects that may have very negative, generally irreversible, unprecedented impacts, most often felt over a wider area than the sites under construction; Category B projects: Projects whose negative impacts on the environment and on populations are less serious than those of category A projects. Such impacts are of a delimited and rarely irreversible nature. Category C projects: Projects whose negative impacts are not significant on the environment.

Category A and B projects are subject to Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA). Category C projects are subject to a simplified impact assessment sanctioned by environmental and social impact instructions/specifications. Policies, strategies and programmes undergo strategic environmental assessment.

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Figure 8: Procedure for conducting ESIAs in Mali - Category A or B Projects

The developer notifies the Malian Administration

Indication by the Administration of the nature of assessment (A, B, C)

Categories A and B Projects

The developer draws up the Terms Of Reference (TOR)

Approval of TOR by the Administration – (Approval within 15 days;

procedure includes a site visit)

Approved TOR

Carry out ESIA, including particularly a public consultation (minutes of

consultation attached as Annex to ESIA Report)

Present Interim Report in 15 copies to the Administration

Consideration and validation by the Administration

Possible comments Finalization of ESIA and submission of final report in 5 copies to the Administration

Minister for Environment issues environmental permit for execution of the project (within 45 days upon receipt of final ESIA Report).

4.3.2. International Legal Framework To show its commitment to environmental protection, Mali has subscribed to several international conventions relating to the environment and the spirit and fundamental principles of such conventions are reflected in national legal instruments. The international conventions to which Mali has subscribed and which could be applied to the project activities in the table below.

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Table 3: Relevant international conventions and treaties within the framework of the PROJECT

IMPORTANT DATES DESCRIPTION OF THE LEGAL Place of adoption Effective date Signing by Ratification by PROVISION and adoption Mali Mali Convention on the Conservation of Bonn, 1 November 28July 1987 1 October 1987 Migratory Species of Wild Animals 23 June 1979 1983 African Convention on the Conservation Algiers, 16 June 1969 15 September 20 June 1974 of Nature and Natural Resources 15 September 1968 1968 International Plant Protection Rome, 3April 1952 31 August 31 August 1987 Convention 6 December 1951 1987 Basel Convention on the Control of 15 September Trans-border Movements of Hazardous Basel, 22 March 5 May 1992 2000 15 September Wastes and their Disposal 1989 2000 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Stockholm, 17 May 2004 23 May 2001 24 April 2003 Organic Pollutants 22 May 2001 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Ramsar (Iran), 21 December 25 May 1987 25 September Habitat 2 February 1971 1975 1987 United Nations Framework Convention New York, 21 March 22 September 28 December on Climate Change 9 May 1992 1994 1992 1994 Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Kyoto, 16 February 27 January 28 March 2002 Change 11 December 1997 2005 1999 Vienna Convention for the Protection of Vienna, 22 September 28 October 28 October 1994 the Ozone Layer 22 March 1985 1988 1994 Convention for the Protection of the Paris, 17 December World Cultural and Natural Heritage 19 November 1972 1975 April 1977

4.4 Protection policies of West African Development Bank The environmental and social protection policies of West African Development Bank have been adapted from the World Bank policies and they include a number of procedures and guidelines that address the following aspects: Environmental Assessment Natural habitats Pest control

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Indigenous populations Physical cultural assets Involuntary resettlement of populations Forests Safety of dams International Waterways Projects Projects in dispute zones

As part of its accreditation to the Green Climate Fund, WADB has endorsed the Green Climate Fund's environmental and social protection policy that will be applicable in this project. This project is classified under Category B in accordance with BOAD environmental procedure.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SUB-PROJECTS ACCORDING TO BOAD PROCEDURES.

Environmental and social risks and impacts associated with the implementation of sub-projects and programmes in areas of low environmental and social sensitivity will likely be easily identified, assessed and mitigated through the adoption of best practices. The environmental and social impact assessment of a project (or of its options) involves comparing expected changes in the biophysical and socio-economic environment with and without the project. The sub-projects to be examined under the project will be subject to the specific environmental and social due diligence of the West African Development Bank (BOAD), with the assistance of an independent consultant, in particular for category B subprojects. Therefore, each sub-project will be examined and categorized individually.

The environmental and social impacts of the anticipated subprojects are small-scaled and will require environmental and social impact notices. Based on this anticipation to consider only category B projects and in accordance with the Green Climate Fund’s Global Information Disclosure Policy, it is understood that the environmental management framework would be classified generally in Category B depending on the anticipated risk profile of each subproject.

4.5. Performance standards adopted by the Green Climate Fund (GCF)

 The Green Climate Fund has adopted eight (08) Performance Standards (PS) which are:

Performance standard 1: Environmental and social risk and impact assessment and management Performance standard 2: Labour and working conditions Performance standard 3: Resource efficiency and pollution prevention Performance standard 4: Community Health, Safety and Security

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Performance standard 5: Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement Performance standard 6: Biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources Performance standard 7: Indigenous Populations Performance standard 8: Cultural heritage

In the light of these performance standards, those applicable to this project are: PS1- Environmental and social risk and impact assessment and management; PS2- Labour and working conditions; PS3- Resource efficiency and pollution prevention; PS4- Community health, safety and security; PS5- Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement; PS6- Biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources.

 Performance standards 1: Environmental and social risk and impact assessment and management Objectives:

 Identify and assess environmental and social risk and impact of the project.  Adopt a hierarchy of mitigating measures to anticipate and avoid impacts, or where this is not possible, mitigate as much as possible 5, and where residual impacts persist, offset the risk and impact faced by workers, affected communities and the environment.  Promote better environmental and social performance of customers through effective use of management systems.  Ensure that affected community grievances and external communications from other stakeholders are addressed and managed appropriately.  Promote and provide the necessary means for concrete dialogue with affected communities throughout the project cycle to cover issues that may affect these communities, and ensure that relevant environmental and social information is disclosed and disseminated.

 Performance standards 2: Labour and working conditions Objectives:

 Promote fair treatment, non-discrimination and equal opportunities for workers.  Establish, maintain and improve relations between workers and management.  Promote compliance with national labour and employment law.  Protect workers, including vulnerable categories of workers such as children, migrant workers, workers recruited by third parties and workers in the client's supply chain.

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 Promote safe and healthy working conditions and protect workers' health  Avoid the use of forced labour

 Performance standards 3: Resource efficiency and pollution prevention Objectives:

 Avoid or reduce negative impacts on human health and the environment by avoiding or reducing pollution generated by project activities.  Promote more sustainable use of resources, particularly energy and water.  Reduce project-related GHG emissions

 Performance standards 4: Community Health, Safety and Security Objectives:

 During the project cycle anticipate and avoid negative impacts on the health and safety of affected Communities that may result from ordinary or non-ordinary circumstances.  Ensure that personnel and property are protected in accordance with applicable human rights principles and in a manner that avoids exposing affected communities to risk or minimizing such risk.

 Performance standards 5: Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement Objectives:

 Whenever it is not possible, avoid limiting involuntary resettlement by considering alternative design for projects.  Avoid forced expulsion.  Anticipate and avoid, or where it is not possible to avoid, limit negative social and economic impacts resulting from the acquisition of land or restrictions on its use by: (i) providing compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost.  Improve or, at least, restore the livelihoods and living conditions of displaced persons.  Improve the living conditions of physically displaced persons by providing adequate housing with secure tenure 5 in resettlement sites. and (ii) ensuring that resettlement activities are carried out with appropriate communication of information, informed consultation and participation of affected persons.

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 Performance standards 6: Biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources

Objectives:

 Protect and conserve biodiversity.  Maintain benefits from ecosystem services.  Promote sustainable management of living natural resources through adoption of practices that involve conservation needs and development priorities. There are no indigenous people in Mali.

4.6. Comparison between national policies and those of the main donors of the project

A comparison between Malian environmental legislation and BOAD operational safeguard policies and those adopted by the GCF reveals no significant difference or gap. There are more similarities than differences. In fact, the different policies of the Malian legislation recognize the importance of the environmental and social assessment of development projects and have defined similar classifications according to the issues raised.

Depending on the impacts of the proposed sub-projects, the various policies and national legislation require the conduct of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for category B projects. 4.7. Institutional framework for environmental and social management of the PROJECT The environmental management of the PROJECT will involve the following institutional actors:

4.7.1 Ministry of Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development

The Ministry of Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development (MEADD) is responsible for the implementation of the country's Environmental Policy. Its mission focuses on the following areas: ensuring the creation of basic environmental infrastructure to support national and foreign investment; monitoring and promoting on-going programmes to combat desertification, clean up the living environment, silting-up, and control activities classified as risk to the environment; protecting the ecosystem of rivers and their basins; conserving and developing parks, forests and nature reserves.

The implementation of the project involves the following Departments of the Ministry (MEADD): The Environment and Sustainable Development Agency (AEDD): The Agency was created by Act No. 10-027/P-RM of 12th July 2010. It stems from the Government's desire to review the institutional framework for managing environmental issues put in place since 1998. Its mission is to ensure co- ordination of the implementation of National Policy for Protection of the Environment (PNPE); build

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capacity of the various actors involved in the management of environmental issues through training, information, education and communication, mobilize the needed funding through existing mechanisms for implementation of programmes and projects. The creation of this agency will help to ensure better monitoring of the implementation of agreements, treaties and conventions on environment and establish the necessary synergy in interventions of various actors The National Directorate for Sanitation, Pollution and Nuisance Control (DNACPN) : it monitors and ensures that environmental issues are taken into account in sector policies, development plans and programmes; supervises and controls ESIA procedures; draws up and ensures compliance with standards on sanitation, pollution and nuisance; monitors compliance with requirements of legislation and standards and supports local and regional authorities with regard to sanitation, pollution and nuisance control. The DNACPN has decentralized departments at regional, district and municipal level, which support local authorities at their level of operation. In the implementation of the Project, the DNACPN and its decentralized departments (DRACPNs) must ensure the application of the ESIA procedure, validation of ESIA reports and participate in the supervision and monitoring of implementation. The National Directorate for Water and Forests (DNEF): The main mission of the DNEF is to develop national nature conservation policy and ensure its implementation. To this end, it is in charge of: developing and implementing plans for management and restoration of forests, parks and reserves, as well as action programmes to combat desertification; participating in the negotiations of international conventions and treaties relating to the conservation of forests and wildlife and ensure their application; ensure the collection, processing and dissemination of statistical data and train local authorities (LAs) in natural resource management (NRM), with a view to transferring NRM skills and financial resources to communities, in accordance with the decentralization operational plan. 4.7.2. The Ministry of Country Planning and Population

Pursuant to Decree No2017-0358/P-RM of 26 April 2017 laying down specific duties of the members of the government, the Ministry of Country Planning and Population, prepares and implements the national policy in the areas of country planning, population and statistics. The National Directorate of Country Planning Created by Ordinance no 04-009/P-RM of 25 March 2004, ratified by Act no 04-025 of 16 July 2004, it is responsible for the development and implementation of the compnents of the National Planning Policy (NPP) and ensures its execution. As such, it is responsible for: - Developing and implementing the National country Planning Scheme; - Coordinating and harmonizing the land-use planning schemes at national, regional and local levels; - Defining at the national level, in relation with other stakeholders the main poles of activities likely to ensure the development and the territorial balances at the demographic, economic and environmental levels; - Setting up and managing a geographical information system on the country Planning.

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4.5.3. Ministry of Energy and Water

 The Malian Agency for Development of Domestic Energy and Rural Electrification (AMADER) Law n° 03-006 of 21st May 2003 establishes the Malian Agency for Development of Domestic Energy and Rural Electrification (AMADER), and Decree n°03-226/P-RM of 30th May 2003 sets out its organization and operating methods. AMADER's mission is to control domestic energy consumption and develop access to electricity in rural and peri-urban areas. In this capacity, it is responsible for : promoting research on technologies and practices for the control of domestic energy; promoting production, dissemination and use of wood-efficient equipment; encourage the use of renewable energy in domestic energy consumption; intensify the promotion of the use of alternative fuels to fuel wood; ensuring the establishment and monitoring of the functioning of rural fuel wood markets ; participating in the development and implementation of measures to improve the regulatory and fiscal framework for fuel wood ; supporting forest control services ; consolidating tools for planning, monitoring and evaluation of the domestic energy sector ; intensifying information, education and communication actions; promoting electrification in rural and peri-urban areas by serving as an interface between villages, municipalities and technical and financial operators; organizing and building capacity for assessment, implementation and management in rural electrification; ensuring transfer of project ownership from the State to local authorities; monitoring the implementation of rural electrification programmes; providing technical and/or financial assistance for assessment and investments relating to rural electrification; regulating and control development of rural electrification activity. At the operational level, the Rural Electrification Directorate (RED) and the Domestic Energy Directorate (DED) are the main implementing structures.  National Energy Directorate The National Energy Directorate (NED) is responsible for developing elements of the national energy policy, co-ordination and technical control of regional, sub-regional and related services that contribute to implementation of the said policy. In this capacity, it is responsible for (i) assessing the potential of energy resources and ensuring their development; (ii) assessing, monitoring and supervising the execution of energy construction works and ensuring compliance with technical requirements and safety standards; (iii) participating in co-operation activities in the energy field. The NED comprises three main divisions: the General Assessment and Planning Division; the Energy Infrastructure Division; and the Energy Control Division. The NED is represented, at local level, by the Regional Energy Directorate and the Sub-regional Energy Department. The Energy Infrastructure Division is responsible, among other things, for the monitoring and control of all operators in the

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energy sector; monitoring the application of regulations regarding construction and operation of energy and infrastructure construction works.

Local and Regional Authorities

Act 95-034 AN-RM has empowered the bodies under the local and regional authorities in terms of management of the environment and the living environment, occupation and development plans, land and estate management, etc. These local and regional authorities also have an important role to play in monitoring implementation, as well as in raising awareness and mobilizing target populations. 4.5.4. NGOs and Community Associations

The implementation of action programmes drawn up in consultation with the population and Civil Society relies largely on mobilization and involvement of non-governmental actors, including individuals, associations/groups (Civil Society) and national NGOs. Civil society, represented by individuals and associations (farmers' organizations, socio-professional organisations, economic interest groupings EIGs, etc.), has a very important role to play in protecting the environment at local level. NGOs are grouped within several consultation frameworks (SECO/NGOs, CCA/NGOs, etc.) and some of them could constitute important instruments for mobilizing stakeholders to stimulate more vigorous dynamics in the environmental management of the PROJECT. These local structures can play an important role in monitoring the implementation of the PROJECT's investment programmes. 4.5.5. Private Operators

Private operators play an essential role in project implementation. Its success depends on good co- operation and acceptance of the new "rules of the game" by beneficiary populations. It also depends on new Operators taking the risk, or the ability of existing ones to adapt to new activities and requirements. Generally speaking, all private operators involved in the Project should also be the more or less long-term beneficiaries. In addition to business opportunities generated by the development of rural electrification, the project constitutes an opportunity for the development of a clean development mechanism project in rural electrification in Mali.

In many villages not officially electrified, there are already attempts to create small electricity distribution networks from artisans’ generating sets. These attempts, more or less successful and sustainable, face various difficulties: low investment capacity, poor quality equipment, non-existent safety conditions. However, they show the enterprising capacity of the small private villagers. At another extreme, various large foreign companies are currently setting up electricity distribution activities in the most favourable rural areas (river, cotton-growing area).

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V. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The environmental and social risks and impacts associated with the sub-projects will likely be easily identified, assessed and mitigated through the adoption of good environmental and social practices. 5.1. Environmental and social categorization of the project

5.1.1. At national level Regarding the national legislation, in particular, Decree No. 08-346 / P-RM of 26 June 2008 on the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, as amended by Decree No. 09-318 / P-RM of 26 June 2009 setting the rules and procedures relating to the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, this project falls under category B projects whose negative impacts on the environment and on the populations are delimited by nature and hardly irreversible. Given the nature of the planned activities and targeted intervention areas, the potential impacts of the sub-projects will generally be minor and can be controlled by easily identifiable measures. The sub-projects will therefore be subject to an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for category B projects.

5.1.2. At the BOAD level A preliminary review of the sub-projects indicates that most of the impacts / risks are few, site- specific, largely reversible and easily minimized by appropriate management measures. As a result, the project is classified in category B according to BOAD policies.

In fact, the main impacts and risks identified include the challenges related to land acquisition, the use of labor and the working conditions of workers, the pollution of sites due to waste management and various hazards for the health and safety of local people.

Under this project, beneficiary communities will provide sites of less than one hectare in villages for mini-solar power plants as a contribution to the project. No forced displacement will be necessary and therefore a resettlement plan is not required. In addition, the Republic of Mali does not recognize any indigenous population in the country. Considering that the specific sites of the sub-projects are not yet known, the implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Framework is recommended to identify potential impacts and risks in order to propose the appropriate analysis approach for the implementation phase of the project. The potential impacts and risks identified are as follows.

5.2. Environmental and social impacts of the Project The project will have several positive impacts: 5.2.1. Positive impacts on socio-economic activities The project will generate positive impacts on the villages; these advantages, among other things, are:

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The improvement of the health of populations, job creation, safety of people and their property, improvement of living and working conditions, increase in income resources for women, improvement of enrolment rate of girls and boys.  Improving the health of populations The implementation of the project will contribute to conservation and protection of pharmaceutical products in health centres equipped with cold rooms and equipment (refrigerators, etc.). Thus, it will enable the population to receive health care within their area in a health centre or hospital equipped with more appropriate facilities and it will prevent referral of emergency cases to urban areas, since most of the villages are isolated without linking roads. .  Job creation Electricity in the area will encourage investment and the creation of small and medium-scale enterprises. Such investments will enable them to recruit vulnerable young people and women and will also help to maintain local workforce and thereby avoid massive rural exodus. It will offer local artisans the opportunity to increase their production.  Ensuring safety of people and their property Through this project various towns and villages will have electric light, and this will prevent people with evil intention from causing disturbances and indulging in theft. It will also bring peace to people and safety for their property.  Improvement of living and working conditions of the population and resilience to climate change Project implementation will provide communities with alternatives to be resilient to the adverse effects of climate change. The solar power plants that will be built will be a sustainable source of energy that will compensate for the energy needs of families, self-employed craftsmen, and it will improve basic social services (health centres, schools, etc.).  Increase in income sources for women Particularly, the electrification will be useful to women as it will enable them to produce juice beverages, ice and ice cream with refrigerators and freezers for marketing and organize themselves into co-operatives within the framework of processing and conservation of the food they produce. Rural women's activity time will be extended as a result of public and domestic lighting.  Improvement of learning conditions for pupils The execution of the project will enable children in rural areas to increase their level of studies and learning since the findings show that dropping out of school is due to family work done during the day, therefore the electrification of towns and villages will enable pupils to learn during the night. It will also enable supervisors and pupils to familiarize themselves with today's essential computer tools.

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5.2.2. Positive impacts on the environment The project in its implementation based on solar/wind energy will have positive impacts on the environment. They are, among other things:  Reducing greenhouse gases Unlike the thermal power plant, this project will not produce greenhouse gases (CO2, NO, CH4, etc.) and will not cause noise pollution to the population.  Access to water The electrification of villages will increase the number of individual and collective hydraulic infrastructure. Thus, the use of hydraulic pumps with solar energy as their source of energy will lighten the work of pumping out minewater, especially for women, and this will save them time to carry out other activities. These hydraulic pumps using solar panels will improve watering conditions for the animals and promote the creation of ‘market gardening belts’ around villages and thereby contribute to increasing incomes and food security for the population.  Reducing excessive cutting of wood In a country such as Mali which is being affected by desertification, implementation of such a project will certainly contribute to reducing the cutting of wood by promoting other alternative activities for populations that will discourage them from this practice.  Waste water The waste water discharge will be almost insignificant during the installation works of the solar power plant and the one thereafter. The production of solid and liquid waste will be placed under a management plan. 5.2.3. Negative environmental and social impacts The sources of negative impacts are essentially the installation and implementation (operation) of (i) solar power plants; (ii) installation of related equipment. Negative impacts related to planning and construction  Impacts related to installation of a solar power plant These impacts are limited and they involve land use for the installation of the power plant and the installation of related equipment that could lead to the pruning of some trees or shrubs located on the layout. During construction work, construction and traffic accidents can occur, particularly at the level of the concessions through which the network will pass.  Operating impacts Potential problems are related to distribution facilities, waste generated by used batteries, and safety considerations. Solar power plants Photovoltaic solar systems are considered as one of the least environmentally harmful energy options. Consequently, few environmental effects are expected as a result of the implementation of this

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system. The main potential impact is the risk of pollution in the event that there is poor preservation or uncontrolled discharge of used batteries (lead and acid leaks that can pollute the soil and water) and can cause accidents, especially for children.

During operation, the risk to the natural environment would be caused, on the one hand, by an accidental spill of sulphuric acid during maintenance operations and, on the other hand, during the conditioning of faulty or run-out batteries. For this project, lithium batteries will be preferred and the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) should facilitate the establishment of a battery recycling chain.

Solar power plants are inspected by maintenance technicians. The risk for these maintenance technicians is related to the handling of acid and explosion of batteries if the batteries used are liquid electrolyte. In addition, there is a risk associated with the presence of battery (intoxication and explosion) if there is no compliance with a number of instructions. There are also the risk of theft and other intentional or wilful damage to solar panels, where there is no guarding and security.

Installation of related equipment During operation, personnel could be exposed to the risk of fire, explosion, burns or electrocution or occupational hazards.

Table 4: Summary of negative impacts of project activities

Phase Component Negative Impacts Construction/installation PV Solar Power Plant Risk of accidental spillage of sulphuric acid when installing batteries

Transmission lines Pruning of trees and other alignment plantations located on the layout Risk of accidents during the execution of works

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PV Solar Power Plant Risk of pollution in the event that there is poor conditioning Operation or unplanned discharge of used batteries (lead and acid leaks

to pollute soil and water) Risk of battery explosion for maintenance personnel during maintenance works Visual discomfort (or pollution) Risk of theft and other intentional or wilful damage to solar panels Transmission lines Risk of injury (electrocution), Danger of pollution from used batteries.

Generally, the extent of potential impact identified range from low to minimal degree.

5.3. Mitigating measures The table below summarizes the mitigating measures for potential negative impacts identified:

Table 5: Summary of mitigating measures for negative impacts

Phase Component Negative Impacts Mitigating Measures PV Solar Power Compensation for affected persons Plant Risk of accidental spillage of sulphuric Use of lithium batteries acid when installing batteries Training of personnel in safety instructions and risk of spills

Transmission Pruning of trees and other alignment Judicious choice of layout and lines plantations located on the layout compensatory plantations in the event that trees are felled Risk of accidents during execution of Training of personnel in safety works instructions and risk of accidents PV Solar Power Risk of theft and other intentional or Setting up a surveillance and security Operation Plant willful damage to solar panels system

Raising public awareness Risk of pollution in the event that there Choice of lithium batteries or is poor conditioning or unplanned "closed" batteries discharge of used batteries (lead and Judicious choice of a storage room acid leaks to pollute soil and water) for used batteries with a view to

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recycling them Installation of a battery recycling system

Risk of battery explosion for Training of personnel in health and maintenance personnel during safety and risk management maintenance works Raising public awareness

Visual discomfort (or pollution) Better integration into the landscape

Transmission Risk of injury (electrocution), Raising public awareness Lines Installation of a control mechanism Risk of fire (fire extinguishers and sandpits) Recommendations in planning and construction phase

When planning, it is important to choose the right location for the solar power plant batteries. In drawing up its specifications, the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) may draw on the experience of certain authorised operators in the field.

Recommendation in operation phase To avoid the situation where faulty or run-out batteries end up in the natural environment, it is recommended that we: - ensure the proper functioning of the batteries through regular and budgeted maintenance; - budget for the changing and recycling of used batteries as soon as the installations are in place; - compel the operator to set up a battery recycling circuit or refer to certain operators authorized by the Ministry of the Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development, which ensures the treatment of used batteries. To mitigate the risk of accidental spillage of maintenance products, it is suggested that the sulphuric acid should be stored in a retention tank kept in a dry and enclosed place and train the maintenance technician on how to handle accidental spillage. Health and safety recommendations

To mitigate the risk associated with the handling of chemical products such as sulphuric acid, there is the need to:

- Ensure that health and safety training is provided to workers at the beginning of the construction works (training in handling hazardous products);

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- Provide appropriate individual protection equipment for handling sulphuric acid or filling batteries with distilled water (glasses, gloves and shoes with rubber soles); - Choose "closed" batteries where filling is done through a funnel; - Install ventilated boots or acid retention tanks to receive the batteries; - Give direct access to batteries to trained personnel only; - Train in the recognition of hazard symbols; - Raise awareness in local communities.

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Table 5: Waste Management and Occupational Safety

Type of risk Description Risk reduction measures  Promote the integration of the cost of responsible waste Waste management Used panels, used batteries and lead-acid and management into the company’s budget and financial forecasts. (electronic waste, lithium-ion systems are hazardous waste2 Choose a responsible partner for waste management chemical pollution)  Encourage common (regional or national) battery recycling Inappropriate recycling of lead-acid batteries frameworks and the need for its promotion causes large-scale pollution / lead poisoning,  Collaborate with industry stakeholders, regulators and including contamination of air, soil and water, NGOs to explore practical waste management solutions at the entry of lead into the food chain resulting in regional and national levels illness and death  Appropriate waste management systems and networks  Establishment of a repair network and a distribution network of spare parts The management of used batteries will be a  Communication and awareness campaigns for end users and major risk communities  In-house training on waste management processes

 Promote reuse, recycling or plastic processing for energy Other waste issues relate to plastics, polystyrene recovery residues, aluminum, copper and steel  Reuse, recycling or energy recovery in a unit equipped for polystyrene treatment  Promote recycling  Implementation of voluntary management systems such as

2 When recycling: . Used lead-acid batteries break and open, acids are released to the ground and lead plates are removed . Part of the lead is recycled (melted in other forms) while the rest is shipped abroad . Most lead-acid recycling plants operate under conditions that are hazardous to human health and the environment . In case of disposal in landfills or other facilities: . Large scale lead poisoning / pollution . Contamination of soil and drinking water . Lead into the food chain, leading to illness and death

ISO 140013

 Solar equipment must be installed safely Employee / Occupational Slips and trips, falls  Workers must wear protective equipment and be trained in Health and Safety safety practices  Hazard assessment at the workplace. Consulting and involving workers in workplace risk assessment and in the Manual handling issues selection of preventive measures  Internal training on types of risks and delisting measures (safe working procedures)

 Provide appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) Hazards of muscular and skeletal disorders, and training on its use, and ensure that it is properly maintained injuries, lack of protective equipment, etc.  Have a complete and well-equipped first aid kit on hand

3ISO 14000 is a set of environmental management standards aimed at helping businesses, organizations, etc. significantly reduce the negative impact of their activities on the environment. ISO 14001 defines the criteria for an environmental management system. Company, organization, etc. defines its own objectives and performance measures, as well as the procedures to achieve the objectives and to monitor and evaluate the situation.

VI. PROJECT ANALYSIS AND SELECTION PROCESS

6.1. Categorization of PROJECT sub-components The table below presents a preliminary classification of the PROJECT sub-components.

Table 6: Categorization of PROJECT components

Categories NP that can be Type of study to be Components BOAD Mali triggered carried out

Component 1: Capacity NA NA None None building of rural electrification institutions and technical assistance

B/C B/C PS1 EEIS, NIES, and PS2 PAR/PSR Component 2 : Detailed PS3PS4 technical studies and installation PS5 of solar mini-grids PS6

Component 3 : Support to the NA NA None None use of productive energy (financial guarantee)

VII. PROJECT activity selection process

7.1. The environmental selection process The various activities of the PROJECT, particularly those relating to the construction of mini solar power plants, will have to undergo an environmental selection procedure, the major stages of which are defined below. The results of the selection process will determine the environmental and social measures needed for the programme activities. The selection process will help to: - identify PROJECT activities that are likely to have negative environmental and social impacts; - identify appropriate mitigating measures for activities with detrimental impacts - identify activities requiring separate environmental impact assessments (ESIAs);

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- describe institutional responsibilities for (i) analysis and approval of selection results, implementation of proposed mitigating measures, and preparation of separate ESIA reports; (ii) monitoring of environmental indicators during construction/rehabilitation of infrastructure; - indicate PROJECT activities that may result in the displacement of people or acquisition of land.

Step 1: Identification, environmental and social selection and classification of project The first stage of the selection process involves the identification and classification of the activity to be carried out as part of the PROJECT, in order to assess its effects on the environment. The selection results will indicate: potential environmental and social impacts, nuisance mitigation needs, land acquisition needs and the type of public consultations that were conducted during the selection exercise. Selection and classification will be carried out by the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) Unit for Environmental and Social Protection (CSES/AER). The provisional selection results will be sent to the DNACPN/DRACPN. However, it should be noted that Malian environmental legislation has established an environmental classification of projects and sub-projects into three categories: Category A projects: Projects that may have major negative impacts Category B projects: Projects with minimal negative impacts. Category C projects: Projects whose negative impacts are not significant

However, since the PROJECT is classified under category B, it is obvious that the activities which will be carried out there will not be of category A, but only in categories B and C.

PROJECT activities that will be classified as "B" will require the preparation of (separate) ESIA under Malian legislation. The environmental category 'C' indicates that the potential environmental and social impacts are considered to be low and only require an Environmental and Social Impact Statement (ESIS).

Step 2: Approval of selection and classification After classification, the CSES/AER Manager will send the classification sheets to the DNACPN/DRACPN. Approval of the environmental selection sheet validated by the DNACPN/DRACPN can be carried out at national, regional or local level.

Step 3: Determination of environmental and social diligence After analyzing the information contained in the selection results and after determining the right environmental category, and thereby knowing the extent of environmental work required, the CSES/AER Manager will make a recommendation as to whether: (a) environmental work will not be necessary;

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(b) simple mitigating measures will suffice; or (c) a separate Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) should be carried out. Depending on the selection results, the following environmental work may be done based on the use of the environmental and social checklist or finance an ESIA or ESIS to propose appropriate remedial measures. 7.1.1. Cases where simple mitigation measures are applied This scenario applies when an ESIA is not required (category requiring only simple mitigation measures as environmental work). The environmental and social checklist to be completed by operators/providers describes simple mitigation measures for environmental and social impacts that do not require a full ESIA. In such cases, the operators/providers in contact with the DRACPN consult the ESMP checklist to select appropriate mitigation measures. 7.1.2. Cases requiring an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) or an Environmental and Social Impact Statement (ESIS) In some cases, the results of environmental and social selection will indicate that the planned activities require a separate ESIA or ESIS. The ESIA or ESIS will be carried out by individual Consultants or consultancy firms. The ESIA or ESIS will be conducted in accordance with the national procedure established in the ESIA Framework. This procedure will be complemented by those of the West African Development Bank (BOAD) Policy.

Step 4: Review and Approval of Assessment Reports (ESIA or ESIS) The assessment reports (ESIA or ESIS) are reviewed and validated at the DRACPNs who will ensure that all environmental and social impacts have been identified and that effective mitigation measures have been proposed as part of the implementation of the project. If an ESIA is validated, the DRACPN prepares a detailed report to the DNACPN. In this case, the Minister of the Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development gives an opinion on the environmental feasibility and authorization of the project. The Ministry of Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development (MEADD) has 45 days to validate the ESIA. Beyond this period, the project owner may execute his project. Step 5: Public consultations and dissemination The provisions of the ESIA Decree stipulate that information and participation of the public must be ensured during the environmental impact assessment, and it should be in co-operation with the competent bodies of the administrative district and municipality concerned. Information of the public should be done particularly at one or more meetings to present the project; such meetings will bring together the local authorities, the populations, the organizations concerned, etc. These consultations will identify the main problems and determine how the various concerns can be taken into account in the ESIA's Terms of Reference. The results of the consultations will be incorporated into the ESIA report and made available to the public by the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER).

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To meet the consultation and dissemination requirements of the West African Development Bank, the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER), which co-ordinates the project, will produce a dissemination letter in which it will inform the WADB of the approval of the ESIA and ESIS, the effective dissemination of all reports produced (ESIA, ESIS, PAR) to all partners concerned and, possibly, those likely to be affected. It will also send an authorization to the Bank for the dissemination of these documents. Step 6: Incorporating environmental and social provisions into the Tender documents If ESIAs or ESISs are carried out, the PROJECT implementing agencies will ensure that the recommendations and other environmental and social management measures resulting from this assessment are incorporated into the tender documents and the construction works carried out by the companies. Step 7: Implementation of environmental and social measures For each project, private providers and companies are responsible for the implementation of environmental and social measures. Step 8: Supervision Surveillance and Environmental and Social Monitoring Monitoring and evaluation will be carried out as follows: Supervision of activities will be carried out by the AER CSES; Surveillance (internal monitoring at local community level) of implementation of the project's environmental measures will be carried out by the control offices and the Municipalities; Monitoring will be carried out by DRACPN and DNACPN; Evaluation will be carried out by independent Consultants (mid-term and at the end of the project).

7.2. Responsibilities for implementation of the selection process

The table below summarizes the steps and institutional responsibilities for the selection and preparation of the evaluation, approval and implementation of PROJECT activities.

Table 7: Summary of the selection stages and institutions in charge

Steps Responsibilities 1. Completing the selection forms and classification CSES/AER 2. Validation of environmental and social classification DRACPN and DNACPN 3: Carrying out environmental and social "work’’ 3.1. If an ESIA/ESIS is not required: CSES/AER Choice and application of simple measures 3.2. If an ESIA/ESIS is required Support for the Preparation of TOR CSES/AER

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Approval of TOR DRACPN and DNACPN

Selection of Consultant Private operator

Carrying out ESIA/ESIS Consultants in ESIA 4: Review and approval of ESIA/ESIS reports DRACPN and DNACPN CSES/AER, Local Authorities ; DRACPN and 5. Public consultations and dissemination DNACPN 6 : Incorporating environmental and social provisions CSES/AER into Tender documents 7 : Implementation of environmental and social measures Private Operators Supervision: CSES/AER Surveillance: Private Operators and Municipalities 8. Surveillance – Monitoring- Evaluation Monitoring: DRACPN and DNACPN Evaluation: Independent Consultants (mid-term and at the end of the project).

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VIII. MECHANISM FOR COMPLAINT MANAGEMENT AND GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT During the project, affected individuals or communities may have concerns about the environmental or social implementation of the project during the construction phase and possibly during operation. All concerns should be addressed in a timely and transparent manner, without compensation to the parties involved.

Projects funded by the WADB and the Green Climate Fund are required to implement a complaint and grievance management mechanism to receive and facilitate the resolution of concerns, complaints and grievances of affected individuals regarding the project, including environmental and social impacts and issues. The mechanism ensures that: (i) fundamental rights and interests of each person affected by poor environmental performance or social management of the project are protected; and (ii) their concerns arising from poor project performance during the design, construction and operation phases are addressed in an effective and timely manner.

Communities and individuals who feel aggrieved by a project supported by the WADB may submit complaints to existing grievance settlement mechanisms at the project level or to the WADB.

8.1. Complaint Management and Grievance Settlement Process at the Project Level

Local people and other interested stakeholders may have to challenge a decision, the governance of the project or their representation in the Complaint Management Unit. Regardless of the nature of the grievance, the project will ensure that a transparent and fair process is in place in a timely manner to address each complaint.

8.1.1. Types of complaints and disputes to be resolved

In practice, complaints and conflicts from local populations and interested stakeholders may arise at different stages of the Project: - during preparation of the project, - during the implementation of the project - after closure of the project. a. During the preparation of the Project, complaints and disputes may concern the following points: - the non-involvement of local populations of the project areas in the preparation of the project

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- disagreement over the choice of project site - conflicts of interest from project stakeholders... b. During implementation of the project, complaints and disputes may concern the following points:

- choosing the beneficiaries: individuals, organizations, communities, - delay in the implementation or availability of funds, - the feeling of having been wronged or cheated in the implementation of the project - cases of conflict of interest, - communication gap - political interference c. At the end of the project, complaints and disputes may concern the following points:

- non-compliance with contractual clauses in financing, - promise not being kept by the implementing entity, - management of project’s acquisitions, - contradictory perception of the results, - viability of results...

To facilitate the key steps of complaint management, project co-ordination will carry out the following tasks: a) write down all complaints received, b) encourage immediate and on-the-spot resolution of problems, and c) publicly report on complaints received and actions taken in response to each complaint.

8.1.2. Communication and access to information

Project co-ordination will ensure easy and culturally appropriate access to information about the project and the use of the potential user mechanism.

Project stakeholders and affected communities should be made aware of the following:

- how to access the complaint management and grievance settlement mechanism; - who can lodge a formal complaint;

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- response time limits; - the confidential and transparent nature of the process;

- channel for seeking redress.

The complaint management and grievance settlement process is based on the premise that it does not impose costs on those who submit grievances, concerns arising from the implementation of the project are adequately addressed in a timely manner, and that participation in the grievance settlement process does not preclude the right to seeking legal redress under national law.

This information will be posted on the project website. It will also be disseminated at public meetings, and posted on notice board at project sites and other culturally appropriate means of communication will be used. Documents and reports will be in French and, if necessary, translated into local languages.

8.1.3. Complaint Management Process

Complaints that may be of a very different nature should be submitted to a specific body called the Complaint Management Committee. This Committee will be supported by units that will work like its branches on the intervention sites. The two levels are: - at site level in the project areas through the Complaint Management Units that will be set up. - within the Complaint Management Committee at the project co-ordination level based in AER-Mali.

The procedure for addressing issues should be transparent in its operations of bringing to conclusion the settlement of complaints. It is implemented in a manner that responds effectively and in a timely manner to concerns raised by complainants.

8.1.4. Organization and responsibilities

The structure to deal with complaints can be put together as follows: - at the level of the Complaint Management Committee based at the AER-Mali. The Unit in charge of the environment will ensure that complaints are entered, registered, classified and addressed on a complaint by complaint basis, i.e. analysis, interpretation, assessment of the basis for appeals and solutions envisaged. They will each be provided with a register for keeping records of complaints lodged,

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- at the level of the intervention sites, a basic unit made up of a representative of the local Administration, two notables, a representative of women, a representative of young people. These Units will constitute the driving belt for people who do not have the means to write and send their grievances or complaints and work in close collaboration with the populations in the project areas.

These Units will be set up on the implementation sites of micro-projects or on the sites that are likely to be affected by the impacts of the project.

The names and contact information of members of the Complaint Management Committee will appear on the website and in printed brochures of the mechanism. They will acknowledge receipt of complaints within 10 working days by sending a written reply to the complainant, detailing the next steps they will take, including the possible forwarding of the file.

Also, given the great diversity of cases that will be submitted to the Unit, the competence of the people who ensure its functioning and the extent of their knowledge in their fields of action are major assets.

The Complaint Management Committee shall:

- ensure co-ordination of the complaint management procedure; - gather and examine available information on the subject of the complaint; - be in charge of drafting responses for complainants; - focus on resolving issues that give rise to complaints; - centralize and objectively address all complaints lodged.

At the site level, the activities and responsibilities are summarized as follows:

- receive handwritten complaints - transcribe complaints into the register if the complaint is verbal - send these complaints weekly to the Complaint Management Committee for processing - receive the solutions found to the complaints and their distribution to the complainants.

If the complaint can be resolved at the level of the local Unit, the latter will simply inform the Complaint Management Committee. However, if not, responsibility for addressing the grievance will be transferred to the CMC.

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The time allowed for the Local Unit to respond to complaints brought to its attention will be a maximum of 10 days. Beyond this time limit, it shall be obliged to transfer the subject matter to the Complaint Management Committee (CMC). In the event that a thorough examination or investigation is not needed, the CMC, under normal conditions, must also provide solution within 30 days.

8.1.5. Reporting

The Complaint Management Committee will record all complaints received in a publicly accessible online system, which will help to track complaints. The system will do the monitoring and make a report on:

- the number of complaints received - the number and percentage of complaints that resulted in an agreement - the number and percentage of complaints that have been resolved - the number and percentage of complaints that were referred to mediation - the number and percentage of complaints that did not result in an agreement

The database will also identify the most common problems and the geographical areas where the most complaints originate.

The information provided by the database should assist the Complaint Management Committee to improve the mechanism and better understand and address the social impacts of projects.

All responses and complaints will be posted on the PROMINES website with a complaint number to assist the complainant in tracking progress made on his case.

This information will also be available in the form of billposting on the public places of the implementation site concerned.

8.1.6. Resolution and closure

The case must be resolved and closed within 30 days of the initial complaint being received by a staff member.

In all cases, the Complaint Management Committee will propose the possibility of resorting to

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independent mediation or finding other means of resolving the dispute.

Whatever the outcome, all the supporting documents of meetings which were required to reach a resolution must be recorded in the complaint file. At all stages of the process, the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) will inform BOAD of the matter.

8.1.7. Filing

The project will establish a physical and electronic filing system for filing complaints. This system will consist of two modules, a module on complaints received and a module on addressing complaints. This system will provide access to information on: i) complaints received ii) solutions found and iii) unresolved complaints requiring further action.

8.2. Complaint Management and Grievance Settlement Process at the BOAD Level

Local communities and other interested stakeholders may lodge their grievances with BOAD at any time. Indeed, BOAD has put in place a compliance verification and grievance management system to receive requests or complaints, process them and help to resolve the problems of people affected by the projects it supports.

Communities and individuals who believe they have been wronged or cheated may also submit complaints to the Compliance Division of BOAD. The Head of the Division ensures that complaints received are investigated promptly to address project concerns. For further information on how to submit complaints to BOAD Complaint Resolution Department, please visit https://www.boad.org/depot-plainte/.

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8.3. Identification, assistance and arrangements for vulnerable groups

This vulnerability calls for a duty of solidarity and assistance in order to protect the interests of individuals and groups in this situation. It should be noted that assistance to vulnerable groups within the framework of the project should include the following points: . The potential vulnerable groups identified during our consultations are generally women, heads of households or people living below the poverty line engaged in small-scale trade, agriculture or market gardening, the elderly engaged in agriculture, unemployed youth, people engaged in one or other of these activities and having little means and financial resources compared to the group as a whole to which they belong; . Identification of the assistance measures needed at the various stages of the process (negotiation, assistance); . Implementation of assistance measures; . Monitoring and continued assistance after displacement if necessary, or identification of governmental or non-governmental organizations that can take over when project interventions come to an end;

This will include, among other things: In practice, the assistance provided may take various forms, depending on the needs and requests of the vulnerable persons concerned: . Assistance by counsel in the compensation procedure for negotiations and possible options; . Assistance during the period following payment for the compensation to be secured in a bank account or in a microfinance institution and for the risk of misuse or theft to be limited through project management training.

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IX. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1. Assessment of the environmental management capacities of stakeholders Several national, regional and local institutions and structures are involved in the management of the PROJECT, with different roles in environmental protection. These include the technical services of the State, as well as non-governmental actors and local authorities. The institutional analysis aims to identify certain structures in place and to assess their capacity to adequately manage the environmental and social aspects and, if necessary, identify the capacity building required in the implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) of the PROJECT. The main institutions involved in a major way by the activities of the PROJECT are: AER, DNE, DNACPN, local authorities targeted by the project, Private Operators.

Apart from DNACPN and, to a lesser extent, CSES of the AER, other actors have limitations in terms of dealing with environmental and social issues, opportunities and challenges related to their activities and do not always have the required capacity to comply with environmental and social requirements in their activities. Environmental and Social Management Capacity of AER In principle, the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) is in charge of the monitoring and control of environmental measures, during installation, operation and decommissioning phases of equipment.

As part of this project, AER will rely on AMADER's specialists in environmental and social protection. An agreement will have to be signed between the two institutions to this effect. During the construction phase, AER will depend on the Environmentalist of the Monitoring Mission; and during the operation phase, it may engage a service provider to ensure the environmental monitoring of the project.

Environmental and Social Management Capacity of the National Energy Directorate (NED) Within the National Energy Directorate (NED), the Energy Infrastructure Division is mainly concerned with environmental issues because it is responsible, among other things, for the control and monitoring of all operators in the energy sector; monitor the application of regulations regarding the construction and operation of energy facilities and infrastructure. An environmental Expert has just been appointed; this is an indication of the willingness to further incorporate this environmental dimension into the energy sector.

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Environmental and Social Management Capacity of DNACPN and DRACPNs

At the national and local levels, the DNACPN has the human skills required in the field of environmental assessments to carry out its mission. However, its material and financial capacities are relatively limited to enable it to properly monitor the implementation of project ESIAs. In terms of regulations, the new decree that regulates ESIAs is a significant step forward in the environmental assessment procedure. Although there are some shortcomings in the project classification process, these can be improved in the future.

Environmental and Social Management Capacity of Local Authorities The assessment of the institutional context of environmental management in local and regional authorities reveals certain constraints, partly due to the transfer of certain skills for managing the living environment, without the corresponding support for planning, co-ordination, information and training, and especially appropriate funding. The Village Management Committees (VMCs) constitute the operational and support bodies of the communities within the framework of the PROJECT.

Environmental and Social Management Capacity of Energy Sector Operators As regards providing the services granted, private operators give greater priority to the proper execution of energy installations and equipment, which is the object of their concession. They have technical standards, but the lack of precise environmental measures and a guide to best practices is a major concern when taking the environment into account, especially during the operational phase.

9.2. Recommendations for Environmental Management of the PROJECT

The capitalization of the achievements and lessons learned from electricity projects will require strengthening the environmental and social management of the PROJECT. To effectively take into account the impacts of the project, the following measures are proposed for capacity building in environmental and social assessment at national, regional and local levels for the services of the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER), the National Energy Directorate (NED), Private Operators and Local Authorities, as well as institutional and technical measures as part of preparation of activities and monitoring of implementation.

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) includes a series of mitigating, monitoring and institutional measures that need to be taken during implementation and operations in order to eliminate negative environmental and social impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. These are measures for technical objectives, training and raising awareness and are aimed at operationalizing the

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PROJECT's environmental management strategy and protecting the environment, health and safety of operating personnel and populations.

Environmental and Social Management Procedures It is a question of incorporating the environment as a criterion into the procedures governing the PROJECT intervention. To this end, procedures must be put in place to incorporate the environment into the decision-making and intervention criteria of the PROJECT: Systematic environmental screening of all PROJECT activities; Include clauses in the specifications of operators acting as service providers for the contractualization of programme activities, clauses that provide for: Compliance with a number of environmental standards for the interventions carried out or to be carried out; The capacity to mobilize, if necessary, expertise to address environmental problems related to the nature of the contractor's interventions; Define and disseminate an energy efficiency reference framework that incorporates environmental and health risk management; Assess methods of waste management systems resulting from the operation of solar installations, in order to promote environmentally efficient systems; Develop expertise in the field of environmental assessment and management of environmental risk and health and environmental standards applicable to the facilities. Procedures must also be put in place to strengthen the skills of actors in relation to the needs in terms of implementation of the PROJECT: Strengthening the skills of service providers in environmental risk management; Strengthening the skills of stakeholders in the management of electrical, environmental, health and safety risk. Building capacity for monitoring the ESMF of PROJECT monitoring-evaluation Managers and operators. Finally, procedures must also be put in place to ensure that social impacts of the PROJECT are taken into account.

Integration Framework for interventions The aim is to support the establishment of a framework for the integration, co-ordination and harmonization of rural electrification interventions, and this will help to ensure consultation and co- ordination between all the actors involved in the PROJECT (administrations, local authorities, operators, NGOs, consumer associations, etc.). This framework could play a unifying role in the various interventions, become part of the decentralization process and contribute to strengthening and

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consolidating the on-going process, and back up the initiative capacities emerging at the local level.

9.2.1. Institutional capacity building measures

 Strengthening environmental expertise of the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) The Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) does not have an Environmental and Social Protection Unit (ESPU). This unit will have to be set up. This will also build capacity for this Environment unit, with a view to eventually establishing a quality environmental management system in the energy sector. The strengthening of the ESPU is a response to the concern to provide the Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) with more effective co-ordination mechanisms for activities, with a view to (i) ensuring that environmental and social aspects are taken into account in its activities; (ii) monitoring environmental and social performance indicators; (iii) developing a forward-looking vision of an Environmental Management System (EMS).

 Strengthening Environmental Management of Private Operators Operators will select their own sub-projects for environmental and social impacts at the time of identification. With the help of service providers, they will apply the environmental and social assessment process for the sub-projects outlined in this document. Each Operator will appoint an Environmental and Social Manager (ESM/Operator) who will ensure the implementation of environmental and social measures. The ability to carry out environmental and social screening and prepare appropriate mitigating measures for sub-projects will not only increase Operators' awareness of environmental issues, but will also ensure that sub-projects are environmentally and socially sustainable.

 Capacity building of the coordination Committee It is important to build capacity in terms of their prevention and management of conflicts relating to rural electrification, and management of natural resources, so that they can play their roles effectively.

9.2.2. Assessment and Manual of Environmental and Social Management of Equipment

Provision for carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment and Impact Statements and implementation of related ESMPs:

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ESIAs or ESISs may be required for PROJECT activities related to sub-projects classified as category "B" and "C", this is to make sure they are environmentally and socially sustainable. If the environmental classification of activities indicates that ESIAs or ESISs are required, the PROJECT shall make provision for payment to consultants to conduct the assessment, and implement the recommendations of the related ESMPs.

Drawing up a manual of best environmental practices, safety, upkeep and maintenance standards for infrastructure and equipment: The PROJECT will place particular emphasis on the construction and rehabilitation of energy infrastructure and equipment. However, at the end of the construction works, the management teams will be faced with the crucial question of safety, upkeep and regular maintenance in accordance with environmental requirements. The PROJECT must provide them with a maintenance manual that will also include safety and environmental best practices at both execution and operational levels. This technical manual will enable private operators to ensure better management and efficient monitoring of infrastructure and equipment to be built and/or rehabilitated.

Provision for environmental audit of existing facilities: The PROJECT should include a provision for environmental and social audit of these facilities in order to draw the main lessons that can guide its activities. 9.2.3. Provision for Monitoring-Evaluation of PROJECT Activities The programme monitoring will include close surveillance during the construction works, monitoring carried out by DNACPN services, supervision done by CSES/AER, mid-term evaluation and annual evaluation carried out by independent consultants. It is therefore necessary to make provision for a budget to take care of this monitoring-evaluation. 9.2.4. Training of actors involved in the Project implementation

To ensure that PROJECT activities are carried out in an environmentally and socially sustainable manner, we have proposed an environmental and social capacity building programme on health/hygiene and safety of construction/rehabilitation works. This will involve organizing regional workshops to present the ESMF and train officials from CSES/AER and DNE, Facilitation Committees and Private Operators to enable them to become involved in the environmental and social management of the project. The training will also include a module on environmental and social audit, including the areas of electrical risk and project site management.

Table 8: Proposed Training Programme

Training Topics Period

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Environmental and Social Assessment Process YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 Selection Process and Environmental Categorization Good knowledge of procedures for organizing and conduct ESIA; Objective assessment of the content of ESIA reports; Knowledge of BOAD and GCF environmental and social procedures; Knowledge of the process for monitoring ESIA implementation; Environmental and social audit of projects How to prepare an audit mission How to carry out the environmental audit and monitoring Good knowledge of the areas of electrical risk Good knowledge of project site management Content of an environmental and social audit report Environmental and social policies, procedures and guidelines: Environmental policies, procedures and legislation in Mali. Review and discussion of protection policies of the West African Development Bank and Green Climate Fund. Review of the ESIA Collaboration with institutions at local, regional and national levels. Health, hygiene and safety Personal protective equipment Workplace Risk Management Prevention of occupational hazards Health/hygiene and safety rules

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Awareness and outreach programmes at regional and local levels In order to ensure ownership and sustainability of the project's achievements by the grassroots communities, as well as support the process of preparation and implementation of activities, CSES/AER will also have to conduct information and awareness-raising campaigns for a change in behaviour among the local authorities benefiting from the infrastructure and facilities, particularly on the nature of construction works, as well as the environmental and social issues during the implementation of project activities.

Table 9: Information and Awareness Raising

Actors concerned Topics Local Council Members Before and during construction: Local associations (PTAs, School Information and awareness-raising campaigns on the choice of sites, Management Committees, etc.) the nature of the construction works, involvement of local Teachers, school administration and stakeholders, etc. support staff, cooks, caretakers Raising awareness on safety and hygiene during construction works Riparian Populations Taking into account the specificities of disabled pupils Pupils When the schools are commissioned: Raising awareness on school hygiene and STI/HIV/AIDS Raising awareness on early pregnancy, school violence and domestic work

 Measures taken to make project sites available and secure The measures taken to make sites available and secure are as follows: - consultation with communities to choose a consensual site that is not the subject of disputes and conflicts; - the site is voluntarily transferred by the occupants and potential owners through social negotiation and sanctioned by a written commitment (act of voluntary donation issued by the occupants or owners); - the Mayor, whose village is part of the municipality, draws up an administrative act which is forwarded to the Prefect of the area, who draws up a title deed to the site in the name of the village benefiting from the settlement site.

 Stakeholder engagement plan • Summarize the purpose and objectives of the program • Briefly describe the information that will be disclosed, the format and methods that will be used to communicate this information to each of the target group

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• Briefly describe the methods that will be used to engage each of the group • Describe how the views of women and other relevant subgroups will be taken into account during the process • Describe any other engagement activities that will be undertaken

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X. PUBLIC CONSULTATION

10.1. Objectives The general objective of public consultations is to ensure the participation of the populations in the planning process of the project's actions. This is to, in particular: - inform the population about the project and its activities; - allow the populations to express themselves and express their opinion on the project; - identify and collect the concerns (needs, expectations, fears, etc.) of the populations regarding the project as well as their recommendations and suggestions.

10.2. The scope of activities, target actors and methodology During the preparation of the ESMF, several project stakeholders were consulted on the basis of the potential impacts analyzed in order to gather their views. The said consultations took place from 02nd to 17th May 2018 in the Sikasso, Segou, Koulikoro and Kayes regions. These consultations involved mainly local elected representatives, Civil Society actors and local populations. The methodological approach adopted is the participatory approach: meeting to inform, exchange of ideas and discussion on the project. The exhaustive list of villages consulted and people met is attached as Annex. 10.3. The points discussed To gather the opinions of the population, the following points were discussed after presentation of the project by the consultant. Possible sites for the installation of the equipment; Advantages of such a solar equipment project for them; Particular concerns or possible fears for a successful implementation of the project; Experiences or have they heard about such solar electrification projects? Benefits of the project for the women and youth of the village; Training needs for equipment maintenance or other; Suggestions and recommendations for the project. 10.4. Summary of results of public consultations The summary of concerns raised during the various consultations is presented in the following table:

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Table 10: Summary of public consultation

Points discussed Concerns Response provided

Possible sites for the - The start of the project - The existence of sites for the installation of installation of equipment equipment - The availability of free property to host the project equipment Benefits of such a solar - Electricity all night, - Less theft and increased safety equipment project for them - Support for fridges, telephones and television sets - Helps to have a lot of customers - The sale of cold drinks - Installation of computers and photocopiers in the offices of the town hall - Sewing machines running on electricity - Having water in large quantity - Processing and preservation of local agricultural produce - Decrease in wood cutting, especially for domestic needs - The operation of welding machines - Preservation of pharmaceutical products in village pharmacies -. The decrease in delinquency and insecurity especially at night. - Mobility of the population will be easy during the night Particular concerns or possible - Changing equipment that will be - the cost of household connections will not be fears for the successful faulty or damaged during like that of non-renewable energy completion of the project operation or storage of solar - The execution of this project with quality equipment equipment so that we can have the current at - Coverage of repair costs in the any time. event of a breakdown - Equipment safety - The contribution of the village to the cost of the project

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- The cost of domestic connections Experiences or have they heard - The failure of an electrification of such solar electrification project in generating set mode. projects? - AMADER had installed only two streetlights in the village, the batteries were stolen - We had an AER project in partnership with PLAN Benefits of the project for - We want the project to train our - Training young people in electricity, women and youth of the youth in electricity especially household and other connections village - Access to electricity during the - Facilitates household activities day and night - Children can stay home to watch television - Reduce youth unemployment rates by creating sources of income such as cyber cafés, discotheques and sale of beverages - Installation of radiography and surgical equipment - Children are able to learn - Processing activities for agri-food products and many others - The development of socio-cultural activities - Job creation for young people - The decrease in exodus of able-bodied persons. - Facilitates youth patrol - Encourage many children to revise their lessons better every evening - Sport and cultural development - Reducing deforestation which weakens ecosystems - The drop in school drop-out rate Training needs for the - Training young people in solar maintenance, maintenance of equipment or recycling and equipment repair others - Training young people to repair technical faults

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- Women are going to be freed from a lot of hard domestic chores Suggestions and - We even hope that the cost is not - The installation of fire-fighting devices recommendations for the too expensive - Make provision for short circuits project - Lighting should not only be on the edge of the tarred roads - Participation of women in all phases of the project - We subscribe to the project, we only wish to have consultation in relation to these obligations

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X. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

10.1. Environmental and Social Monitoring and Surveillance The first level of monitoring involves surveillance or close control. It is essentially carried out by the control missions simultaneously with their technical mission, under the authority of the private Operators who must ensure that the service provider complies with the contractual clauses. Environmental and social monitoring is used to verify the implementation of environmental and social mitigating measures that must be implemented during the construction works. Control missions will have to report the information from their control on a monthly basis to the CSES/AER and the DNACPN.

The second level is environmental and social monitoring. It is carried out every three months by the DRACPN and the DNACPN. This monitoring helps to verify the quality of the implementation of mitigating measures and interaction between the project and the surrounding population. In this case, the DRACPNs must ensure that there is compliance with protection policies and national environmental protection regulations. DRACPN reports should be forwarded to the CSES/AER. The third level is supervision (inspection) which is carried out at least every six (6) months by the CSES/AER for project co-ordination. NOTA BENE: Environmental and social monitoring should also involve local and regional authorities. 10.2. Evaluation The evaluation will be carried out by independent consultants (for mid-term and final evaluation at the end of the project). The evaluation reports will be forwarded to the project's national co-ordination and to West African Development Bank. 10.3. Monitoring indicators In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the PROJECT's activities, the following environmental and social monitoring indicators are proposed: Effectiveness of the environmental and social selection of project activities; Number of private operators who have complied with the environmental and social clauses Number of actors trained in and sensitized to environmental and social management; Number of environmental and social monitoring missions carried out and documented; Systems put in place for battery and oil waste management; Number of people affected and compensated by the project.

10.3. Institutions in charge of environmental and social monitoring

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Environmental and social monitoring should be carried out as follows: Surveillance: The surveillance of the development works will be carried out by the Environmental Experts of the control offices, under the authority of private Operators; Monitoring: Monitoring will be carried out "externally" by the DRACPN and DNACPN; Supervision: Supervision will be provided by the CSES/AER; Evaluation: Independent consultants will carry out the mid-term and final evaluation.

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XI. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING

As part of the Project, the "environmental and social" function shall be ensured both for implementation and monitoring. 11.1. Environmental and social function As part of the Project, the "environmental and social" function will be carried out as follows: - by the CSES/AER, for strategic co-ordination (making sure that all actors concerned are well involved and have roles to play); - by the Environmental and Social Managers (ESMs) of Private Operators and the DNE. These ESMs will respectively co-ordinate the preparation and close monitoring of the implementation in their respective sectors of activity, in relation with the local authorities and the Rural Development and Environment Commissions at regional and local level. - by the DRACPN and DNACPN, which will carry out external monitoring of the implementation of the ESMF. 11.2. Institutional Arrangements The following institutional arrangements are proposed for the project in terms of implementation and monitoring roles and responsibilities. 11.2.1. Co-ordination and supervision CSES/AER: It will carry out environmental and social screening, co-ordination and supervision at national level of the implementation of environmental and social measures. The Experts of CSES are also responsible for conducting activities to raise awareness among stakeholders and interface with other stakeholders, particularly Local and Regional Authorities and local Organizations. The Agency for Renewable Energy (AER) shall make sure that provisions on selection of operators should comply with environmental and social obligations. They will ensure that the environmental monitoring mechanism incorporates clauses relating to the environment.

Roles of the BOAD: BOAD’s responsibilities are consistent with its role as a sub-regional financial institution that provides funds for projects, using BOAD resources approved by its Board of directors or other decision-making body. With respect to any investment or technical cooperation project, the level of BOAD engagement depends on the nature and scope of the project, the availability of donor funds, and the particular circumstances of the collaboration and relationships with the client. BOAD will be responsible for the overall supervision of the implementation of the project and will report to the Green Climate Fund in accordance with the terms to be agreed, as part of the Accreditation Agreement and the agreement on activities funded. As a stakeholder in the project, it will ensure the implementation of environmental measures that will be enacted in the ESIA and the ESIS and this in accordance with national policies, those of BOAD itself and the Green Climate Fund.

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- It will give its no-objection opinion on the ToRs submitted by the CSES AER; - It will comment on the environmental and social reports produced (ESIA, NIES, environmental audits, PAR, etc.) to ensure their compliance with the above stated policies; - It will organize according to a schedule established by mutual agreement with the Malian counterpart, periodic monitoring missions throughout the execution of the project;

11.2.2. Carrying out activities The project activities, including environmental and social measures, will be implemented by private service providers who must have a Health/Hygiene, Safety and Environment Manager. 11.2.3. Environmental and social monitoring The DRACPNs and the DNACPN will proceed to do the environmental classification of projects and the approval of ESIAs or ESISs. They will carry out "external monitoring" of the implementation of ESMF activities. The monitoring of the DRACPNs and the DNACPN will in fact be a contradictory verification based on the internal monitoring reports made by the Environmental and Social Managers (ESMs) of the private operators. The PROJECT should provide them with institutional support in this monitoring. The DRACPNs and the DNACPN will forward their reports to the CSES/AER for action.

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XII. CONSULTATION OF BACKUP DOCUMENTS

12.1. Consultation of reports and dissemination of information to the public Regarding the dissemination of information to the public, it is important to mention that the whole country is concerned by the project. There is therefore the need to ensure that the entire population is informed of this investment and its socio-economic importance.

During implementation of the project, all actors and partners should be regularly consulted. The ESMF should be made available to the public, for possible comments, by the Project/AER co- ordination, the DNACPN and the DRACPNs, through the public press and during awareness and information meetings in the towns and villages where the project activities will be carried out. In addition, the ESMF should also be published on the website of the West African Development Bank.

In terms of public dissemination of information, this assessment should be made available to affected people and local NGOs, in an accessible place, in a form and in a language they can understand. As part of the project, the dissemination of information to the public will also pass through the media such as newspapers, the press, radio releases broadcast in national languages to go to administrative and local authorities who in turn inform local communities through the traditional means they use. In addition, information should be disseminated to all actors: administrative and municipal authorities; grassroots community associations; etc. User information is also used to ensure that the Project will not be looted, stolen or vandalized. Project co-ordination shall establish all minutes relating to comments resulting from the final consultation process, which shall be attached as Annex to the final version of the ESMF. Before the sub-projects are carried out, during the ESIA/ESIS, more targeted consultations should be carried out on the sites concerned by the project in the presence of local elected representatives, local associations, local administration and representatives of the Ministries concerned. 12.2. Mechanisms in place in the project for the collection and processing of complaints The local population will be informed about the complaint management mechanism through the establishment of a complaint register with the local authorities or representatives of the neighbourhoods concerned. Then, the project will inform the populations on the procedure to follow to be able to lodge their complaints.

 Collection and processing of complaints At the level of each Local Community concerned by the activities of the project, a complaint register will be permanently made available to the public at the level of the town hall of the town/village or the rural council. These institutions will receive all complaints and claims related to the construction

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works, analyze the facts and decide at the same time and ensure that the work is properly carried out by the project in the town/village. Public information on the permanence of the compendia will be provided, particularly by the CSES/AER in conjunction with private operators and the local authorities concerned, with support where necessary from local NGOs.

Complaints will first be addressed at the Local Community level. In the event of disagreement, the problem will be referred to the Administrative Authority. This channel for redress should be strongly encouraged and supported. If the applicant is not satisfied, he can take the matter to court.

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XIII. COSTS AND TIME TABLE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ESMF

13.1. Estimated costs The fixed costs of implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) amount to Two Hundred Million (200, 000,000) CFA Francs, itemized as follows. Provision for the completion of Environmental Impact Assessment and Impact Statements and the implementation of the related ESMPs:

If the environmental classification of activities indicates that ESIAs or ESISs are required, the PROJECT shall make provision for payment of consultants to conduct such assessment, and this will also cover the cost of implementation of recommendations relating to ESMPs. A total provision of XOF80,000,000 for possible ESIAs or ESISs that may be carried out and implemented. Draw up a manual of best environmental practices, safety and maintenance standards for infrastructure and equipment: This technical manual will enable private operators to ensure better management and efficient monitoring of infrastructure and equipment to be built and/or rehabilitated. The cost of this activity is XOF10,000,000.

Provision for monitoring-evaluation of PROJECT activities: The monitoring programme will include close surveillance during the construction works, monitoring carried out by DNACPN services, supervision by CSES/AER, mid-term evaluation and annual evaluation carried out by independent consultants. A provision of XOF50,000,000 is suggested for the cost of monitoring (XOF30,000,000) and cost of evaluation (XOF10,000,000).

Training of CSES/AER staff (in auditing), training of operators and the Rural Electrification Directorate (RED), information and awareness of beneficiaries on environmental and social concepts and issues. This activity is very important for the success of the PROJECT in terms of environmental and social management. A provision of XOF40,000,000 is to be expected.

Table 11: Estimated budget for the implementation of the ESMF

Estimated Cost in Headings XOF Development of environmental and social guidelines 10,000,000 Provision for completion of Environmental Impact Assessment and Impact Statements and implementation of the related ESMPs 70,000,000

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Provision for monitoring the implementation Monitoring 20,000,000

Evaluation 20,000,000 Training staff of CSES (in environmental audit), Operators and Rural Electrification Directorate (RED), information and raising awareness for beneficiaries 30,000,000 TOTAL 150,000,000 NOTA BENE: All these costs should be included in the PROJECT costs.

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13.2. Action plan for implementation of the ESMF The time table for implementation and monitoring of the environmental activities of the PROJECT will be as follows:

Table 2: Time table for implementation and monitoring of measures

Activities Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Assessment, Audit and Manual of Procedures: Completion and Implementation of ESIA/ESIS

Draw up a manual of environmental and social procedures for equipment maintenance Surveillance, Supervision, Monitoring and Evaluation Permanent monitoring of the PROJECT

Final, mid-term evaluation of the ESMF

Training Information and Raising Awareness

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Bibliography

• Ministry of Energy, Mines and Water, 2008 (AER); PEBASB Environmental and Social Management Framework (CGES2003 updated in 2008). • 2013 PROJECT, Project Document, 2013 • National Energy Policy, MEME, 2006 • National Environmental Protection Policy • Compendium of legislative and regulatory texts on wildlife and fisheries forest resource management, Ministry of the Environment, National Directorate for Nature Conservation, September 1999. • National Environmental Action Plan and National Action Programmes of the Convention to Combat Desertification (PNAE/PAN-CID); Ministry of Environment, Volume I Environmental Diagnosis, 1998 • National Environmental Action Plan and National Action Programmes of the Convention to Combat Desertification (PNAE/PAN-CID); Ministry of Environment, Volume II Action Programmes, 1998 • Act No. 01-020 of 30th May 2001 on pollution and nuisance, of the Republic, 2001 • Act No. 95-004 establishing the conditions for the management of forest resources, Presidency of the Republic, 1995 • Act No. 95-050 on the principles of constitution and management of property of the local authorities, Presidency of the Republic, 1995 • Demographic and Health Survey of Mali (EDSM) III • The World Bank Operational Manual Bank Procedures Environmental Assessment BP 4.01 January 1999 • The World Bank Operational Manual Bank Procedures Environmental Assessment BP 4.01 Annex A January 1999 • The World Bank Operational Manual Operational Policies OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment January 1999

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Annexe

Annexe 1: Formulaire de sélection environnementale et sociale Annexe 2 : PV des concertations publiques Annexe 3: liste des participants aux Concertations publiques Annexe 4 : Photos de la Concertation publique et des sites potentiels

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Annexe 1: Formulaire de sélection environnementale et sociale

N° d’ordre :……………… Date de remplissage

Le présent formulaire de sélection a été conçu pour aider dans la sélection initiale des projets du devant être exécutés sur le terrain. Situation du projet : ……………………………………………………… Responsables du projet …………………………………………………… Partie A : Brève description de l’ouvrage ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Partie B : Identification des impacts environnementaux et sociaux

Préoccupations environnementales et sociales oui non Observation

Ressources du secteur

Le projet nécessitera- t-il des volumes importants de matériaux de construction dans les ressources naturelles locales (sable, gravier, latérite, eau, bois de chantier, etc.) ?

Nécessitera-t-il un défrichement important

Diversité biologique

Le projet risque-t-il de causer des effets sur des espèces rares, vulnérables et/ou importants du point de vue économique, écologique, culturel

Y a-t-il des zones de sensibilité environnementale qui pourraient être affectées négativement par le projet ? forêt, zones humides (lacs, rivières, zones d'inondation saisonnières)

Géologie et sols y a-t-il des zones instables d'un point de vue géologique ou des sols (érosion, glissement de terrain, effondrement) ?

y a-t-il des zones à risque de salinisation ?

Paysage I esthétique

Le projet aurait-t-il un effet adverse sur la valeur esthétique du paysage ?

Sites historiques, archéologiques ou culturels

Le projet pourrait-il changer un ou plusieurs sites historiques, archéologique, ou culturel, ou nécessiter des excavations ?

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Préoccupations environnementales et sociales oui non Observation

Pollution

Le projet pourrait-il occasionner un niveau élevé de bruit ?

Le projet risque –t-il de générer des déchets solides et liquides ?

Si « oui » l’infrastructure dispose-t-elle d’un plan pour leur collecte et

élimination

Y a-t-il les équipements et infrastructure pour leur gestion ?

Le projet risque pourrait-il affecter la qualité des eaux de surface, souterraine, sources d’eau potable

Le projet risque-t-il d’affecter l’atmosphère (poussière, gaz divers)

Mode de vie

Le projet peut-il entraîner des altérations du mode de vie des populations locales

?

Le projet peut-il entraîner une accentuation des inégalités sociales ?

Le projet peut-il entraîner des utilisations incompatibles ou des conflits sociaux entre les différents usagers ?

Santé sécurité

Le projet peut-il induire des risques d’accidents des travailleurs et des populations ?

Le projet peut-il causer des risques pour la santé des travailleurs et de la population ?

Le projet peut-il entraîner une augmentation de la population des vecteurs de maladies ?

Revenus locaux

Le projet permet-il la création d’emploi ?

Le projet favorise-t-il l’augmentation des productions agricoles et autres ?

Préoccupations de genre

Le projet favorise-t-il une intégration des femmes et autres couches vulnérables ?

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Préoccupations environnementales et sociales oui non Observation

Le projet prend-t-il en charge les préoccupations des femmes et favorise-t-il leur implication dans la prise de décision ?

Concertation du public La Concertation et la participation du public ont-elles été recherchées ? Oui____ Non___ Si “Oui”, décrire brièvement les mesures qui ont été prises à cet effet.

Partie C : Mesures d’atténuation Au vu de l’Annexe, pour toutes les réponses “Oui” décrire brièvement les mesures prises à cet effet.

Partie D : Classification du projet et travail environnemental

Pas de travail environnemental ………………. Simples mesures de mitigation …………………. EIES/NIES avec Plan de Gestion Environnementale et Sociale…….

Projet classé en catégorie : A B C Type de travail environnemental.

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Annexe 3 : PV des concertations publiques

Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Yelekebougou dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le trois mai, s’est tenue à la place publique du village de Yelekebougou, une concertation publique avec la population du village de Yelekebougou, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergies renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le Maire, le chef de village, etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 12 heures 15 minutes sous la présidence de Monsieur Issa Traoré, Maire de la commune de Yelekebougou. Après une brève descriptive de l’objet de la rencontre celui-ci donna la parole au consultant pour plus d’éclaircissements.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de la présente Concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet a été initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence de l’énergie renouvelable, financé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat. Nous avons un certain nombre de questions relatives à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet sur les femmes et jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Issa Traoré (Maire de Yélékebougou) : Bonjour tout le monde, quand l’équipe m’a consulté à la mairie pour l’organisation de cette concertation, je l’ai même dit que ça ne vaut plus la peine, car nous avons eu à faire beaucoup des rencontres avec certains programmes dans ce sens, une équipe avait même fait des recensements familles par familles et tout le village avait donné sont accords et on attendait que l’électricité. Hélas jusqu’à présent pas de suite. Si une autre équipe est venue vers nous aujourd’hui pour tenir une concertation, je me suis dit que ce n’est plus important car nous avons besoin maintenant du concret.

Monsieur Bandjougou Coulibaly (Chef de village) : Pour ce qui concerne des sites pour l’implantation des équipements il n’y a aucun problème, nous avons suffisamment des terres pour un tel projet, le démarrage du projet est plus difficile que d’avoir une terre pour les équipements.

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Monsieur Malick Coulibaly (conseiller au chef de village) : Aujourd’hui notre village a fortement besoin de la lumière, l’obscurité n’est pas bonne du tout même dans l’au-delà. S’il y a la lumière il y aura moins de vol et la sécurité sera renforcée.

Monsieur Souleymane Coulibaly (cultivateur) : Tout le monde a besoin de la lumière, ceux qui ont un peu de moyen cherche déjà à implanter des panneaux dans leurs familles pour avoir la lumière, si l’Etat veut nous aider dans ce sens nous l’acceptons à bras ouvert.

Monsieur Yaya Coulibaly (Cultivateur) : Nous pouvons commencer aujourd’hui jusqu’à demain sans évoquer tous les avantages de ce projet, tous ceux qui nous préoccupent maintenant c’est le démarrage du projet.

Monsieur Issa Traoré (Maire de Yélékebougou) : Nous voulons surtout des équipements de qualité, il ne faudrait pas qu’il ait trop de coupure, nous voulons aussi l’électricité pendant toute la nuit, nous avons vu des cas où à partir de zéro heure le courant est coupé. La question que je veux poser est : Est- ce que la capacité pourra prendre en charge les frigos, les téléphones et les télévisions ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Comme je vous ai si bien la technologie au solaire sera expliquée après par une équipe de techniciens de l’AER, mais nous avons noté vos préoccupations.

Madame Nene Coulibaly (Ménagère) : Je voudrais intervenir sur l’avantage de ce projet pour nous les femmes, on vend nos marchandises dans l’obscurité, la lumière nous aidera à avoir beaucoup de clientèle et on pourra même exercer d’autres activités génératrices de revenus comme la vente des boissons fraiches.

Monsieur Malick Coulibaly (conseiller au chef de village) : Nous voulons que le projet forme nos jeunes en électricité, surtout les branchements domestiques et autres.

Monsieur Ousmane Coulibaly (commerçant) : J’aimerai poser une question au consultant, est ce que l’électricité sera à vendre ou gratuit ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Pour assurer le bon fonctionnement, les branchements domestiques seront payés à des prix abordables.

Monsieur Bandjougou Coulibaly (Chef de village) : Mon prédécesseur a déjà posé m’a question, on souhaite cas même que le coût ne soit pas trop onéreux.

Monsieur Souleymane Coulibaly (cultivateur) : je souhaite que les éclairages ne soient pas seulement au bord du goudron.

Monsieur Bandjougou Coulibaly (Chef de village) : Nous souhaitons la réalisation de ce projet en espérant que ça ne se limite pas seulement à la Concertation comme ce fut le cas des partenaires qui ne sont plus revenus après les rencontres.

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Cette séance de Concertation publique a pris fin à 13 H 40 mn sur les remerciements de Monsieur le Maire et le chef de village à l’équipe et tous les participants.

Ont signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Wolodo dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le trois mai, s’est tenue à la mairie de la commune rurale de Wolodo, une concertation publique avec la population du village de Wolodo, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le Maire, le chef de village, etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 15h 00 mn sous la présidence de Monsieur Kémessery Diarra Maire de la commune de Wolodo. Après les mots de bienvenue du maire à l’équipe du consultant ce fut la période des débats.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de la présente concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet est initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence de l’énergie renouvelable, financé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat. Nous avons un certain nombre de questions relatives à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet pour les femmes et les jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Kénie Sery Diarra (Maire de Wolodo) : Bonjour, chez nous ici les terres appartiennent au chef de village, ces conseillers sont présents, ils peuvent répondre aux questions relatives au site d’implantation des équipements au solaire.

Monsieur Seydou Diarra (1er conseiller au chef de village) : Bonjour tout le monde et particulièrement à l’équipe du consultant, ici à Wolodo, nous disposons des terres pour l’implantation des équipes, cela ne pose aucun problème.

Monsieur Mamou Diarra (cultivateur) : Pour appuyer le chef du village, je mentionne que wolodo est un village qui est loti, il existe des passages pour implanter les poteaux, je peux dire qu’il n’y aura pas de problème sur ce point, l’essentiel pour nous aujourd’hui c’est d’avoir le courant quel qu’en soit le prix.

Monsieur Kénie Sery Diarra (Maire de Wolodo) : Avec ce projet il y aura moins des vols, nous allons profiter pour installer les climatiseurs dans nos bureaux.

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Monsieur Alou Diarra (conseiller au chef de village) : L’électricité est un moyen de travail, pour pouvoir travailler du jour comme la nuit il faut de l’électricité, elle contribue aussi à l’éducation de nos enfants.

Monsieur Jean Diarra (Gardien de la Mairie) : Ce projet serait une aubaine pour nous, aujourd’hui il n’y a pas d’ordinateurs dans les bureaux de la mairie faute au manque d’électricité. En plus, certaines machines de couture ne peuvent pas fonctionner sans l’électricité, donc avec ce projet on pourra faire marcher tous ces équipements.

Monsieur Lamine Traoré (conseiller à la mairie) : Nous souhaitons surtout que le prix soit abordable. Le projet doit veiller aussi au changement des équipements qui seront défectueux ou abimés au moment du fonctionnement ou de stockage des équipements solaires. Je voudrais savoir s’il y aura une convention avec la mairie ? Est-ce que la Mairie aura une redevance ? En cas de panne qui va prendre en charge les frais de la réparation ? Qui va prendre en charge les lampadaires qui seraient implantés dans les rues ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Nous avons noté vos questions l’équipe de l’AER qui viendra après va donner des réponses à ces questions.

Monsieur Kénie Sery Diarra (Maire de Wolodo) : Nous avions de l’électricité en mode groupe électrogène et tout le monde était content mais malheureusement ce projet a échoué à cause de la mauvaise gestion, on ne souhaite plus que cela se reproduise, raison pour laquelle nous avons posé toutes ces questions par rapport à la gestion.

Madame Oumou Diarra (conseillère à la Mairie) : Aujourd’hui le besoin est pressant chez les femmes, nos enfants pourront rester à la maison pour regarder la télévision, la lumière facilite même les activités ménagères, nous pourront aussi faire des petits commerces qui marche avec l’électricité. Est-ce que nous allons l’avoir du jour comme la nuit ?

Monsieur Alou Diarra (président chambre d’Agriculture) : Notre souhait c’est d’avoir l’électricité pendant la journée et la nuit sans trop de coupure.

Monsieur Lamine Traoré (conseiller à la Mairie) : Ce projet va réduire le taux de chômage des jeunes en créant des sources de revenus comme le cyber café, la discothèque et la vente des boissons.

Madame Youma Traoré (Secrétaire générale de la mairie) : Notre CSCOM ne dispose pas d’équipements de radiographie et chirurgicale, donc nous espérons à la mise en place de ces équipements à travers ce projet. Nous voulions que le projet forme nos jeunes en entretien, recyclage et la réparation des équipements au solaire. En phase du fonctionnement il faut recruter les jeunes du village pour la gestion et autres.

Cette séance de Concertation publique a pris fin à 16 H 32 mn sur les remerciements de Monsieur le Maire et le chef de village à l’encontre de l’équipe et tous les participants.

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Ont Signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Karan dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le quatre mai, s’est tenue à la mairie de la commune urbaine de Karan, la concertation publique avec la population du village de Karan, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini à partir des systèmes autonome d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le Maire, le chef de village, etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 14 heures 40 minutes sous la présidence de Monsieur Diaguiné Keita 2eme adjoint au Maire de la commune urbaine de Karan. Après les mots de bienvenue des notables du village à l’équipe de consultant ce fut la période de débat.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de la présente concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet est initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence des énergies renouvelables et sera proposé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat pour financement. Nous avons un certain nombre de questions relatives à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet pour les femmes et les jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Diaguinè Keita (2eme adjoint au Maire) : Bonjour tout le monde, je remercie tous les participants pour votre déplacement à cette rencontre. J’attire l’attention du consultant qu’une entreprise chinoise était venue pour ce genre du projet d’électrification au solaire sans suite. Nous avons choisi des sites pour la réalisation de ce genre de projet dans le village. Donc pour l’implantation de vos équipements il n’y aura pas de soucis, il y a toujours des espaces.

Monsieur Karamoko Keita (notable du village) : La réalisation de ce projet permettra au village d’avoir de l’eau de qualité, de réduire le vol et garantir la sécurité, les avantages d’un tel projet sont nombreux, on souhaite sa mise en œuvre.

Monsieur Broulaye Keita (notable du village) : Ce sont deux aspects qui me préoccupent : le coût pour les branchements domestiques et la contribution du village au coût du projet, je veux avoir des idées sur ces points.

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Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Très prochainement vous allez discuter sur tous ces aspects avec l’AER, cependant le cout des branchements domestique ne sera pas comme celui à l’énergie non renouvelable.

Monsieur Baba Keita (notable du village) : Est-ce qu’il y aura des cas de déplacements ? Est- ce que l’implantation des équipements sera faite concomitamment avec les branchements domestiques ?

Monsieur Karamoko Keita (notable du village) : On espère que ce projet ne soit pas comme celui des Chinois, il ne faut pas que le projet s’arrête à cette rencontre.

Monsieur Diaguiné Keita (2eme adjoint au maire) : Nous n’avons aucune expérience d’un tel projet, l’AMADER avait seulement implanté deux lampadaires dans le village, les batteries ont été volée, donc cette fois-ci nous allons prendre des mesures pour sécuriser les équipements.

Madame Minata Traoré (3eme adjointe au maire) : Ce projet aura des impacts positifs sur les revenus des femmes à travers la vente des jus et l’apprentissage des enfants, une femme a toujours des soucis pour ces enfants. Nous avons des produits agricoles et des arbres fruitiers, avec ce projet, nous pourrons mener des activités de transformation des produits agro-alimentaire et tant d’autres.

Madame Nagouma Kamissoko (Conseillère à la mairie) : Pendant le mois de carême les femmes quittent ici jusqu’à Bamako pour acheter des glaces pour la rupture des jeunes. Les femmes vont faire la vente des glaces et autres.

Monsieur Bakary Keita (président de la jeunesse) : Les femmes ont déjà tout dit, j’ajoute que même pour la manifestation de nos cérémonies on cherche des animateurs qui ont des groupes dans d’autre localités, le centre des jeunes n’est pas électrifié, on attend seulement ce genre de projet pour le développement de la jeunesse. L’électricité crée des emplois et assure l’éducation des jeunes qui sont à l’école.

Monsieur Brehima Keita (Membre de la jeunesse) : C’est le village même qui a énormément besoin de l’électricité, les femmes comme les hommes, rare sont des gens qui ont des moyens pour avoir la lumière qu’il faut pour l’éducation de ces enfants. Nous souhaitons la réalisation du projet dans le plus bref délai.

Monsieur Bakary Keita (Président de la jeunesse) : Chez nous il y a même des passages pour les poteaux.

Madame Minata Traoré (3eme adjointe au Maire) : Je souhaite que les femmes ne soient pas écartées, souvent les femmes sont mises à coté par les hommes, j’aimerai que les femmes participent à toutes les phases du projet.

Cette séance de Concertation publique a pris fin à 16 H 20 mn sur les remerciements de Monsieur le Maire et le chef de village à travers le à l’équipe du consultant.

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de -Gare dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit et le quatre mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de Cinzana-Gare, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune en vue de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 10 h 00mn sous la présidence de Monsieur. Seydou Baba Traoré 2emeadjoint au maire de la commune.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance a donné la parole au consultant (Mr Souleymane Dembélé) à donner les raisons de sa visite.

Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Ma présence parmi vous aujourd’hui a pour but la collecte d’un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali à l’énergie solaire, initié par l’état et l’AER avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues. Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre.

Notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes comme les questions liées au site d’implantation des équipements, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expériences de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette à cette source d’énergie.

Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre pleine participation au débat.

Amadou Coulibaly chef de village Cinzana-Gare

Par rapport à la disponibilité de site pour l’installation de la centrale, je dis haut et fort que cela ne saurait être un problème ici à Cinzana-Gare. Nous avons des domaines libres qui pourront servir à cela.

Seydou B Traoré adjoint du maire

La recherche du titre de propriété sera traitée avec diligence par le conseil communal.

Gaoussou Touré responsable de jeunesse

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Le courant issu de l’énergie solaire est sans bruit et ne fume pas. Ça donne la possibilité pour faire beaucoup d’activités ; donc ça va diminuer le chômage. Un autre avantage du courant pour les jeunes est aussi la diminution de l’exode des bras valides.

Mme Samaké secrétaire dactylo de la mairie

Avec l’énergie solaire les femmes pourront entreprendre plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que les transformations et conservations des locaux. Ça peut aussi diminuer la coupe de bois surtout pour les besoins domestiques.

Salif Traoré, conseiller communal

Nous sommes très contents et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’arrivée de ce projet car beaucoup de corps de métier vont se développer donc il y’aura du travail pour assez de gens. Nous souhaitons que ça soit permanant.

Nous ne voulons pas que le prix soit trop élevé pour les gens.

Après cette dernière intervention, le président à déclarer la fin de la rencontre ; il était alors 11h 58mn.

Fait à Cinzana-Gare le 04 mai 2018

Ont signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Kenioroba dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le cinq Mai, s’est tenue dans la cour du chef de village de Kenioroba, la concertation publique avec la population du village. de Kenioroba, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le Maire, le chef de village, etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 10h 11 mn sous la présidence de Monsieur Bourama Tinkiano 1er adjoint au Maire de la commune de . Après les mots de bienvenue des notables du village par l’intermédiaire du griot à l’équipe du consultant, ce fut la période des débats.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de cette présente Concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet est initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence des énergies renouvelables et sera proposé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat pour financement. Nous avons un certain nombre de questions relatives à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet pour les femmes et les jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Dama Keita (Conseiller au chef de village) : Nous avons des espaces pour l’implantation des équipements, mais l’énergie serait mieux que l’AMADER, car à Bancoumana comme à Badougou Djoliba où il y a l’AMADER la capacité de l’énergie n’est pas à la hauteur, nous avions fait nos doléances de l’électricité depuis le démarrage du projet de construction de la maison d’arrêt.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Nous avons notées votre préoccupation et nous allons rendre compte à l’AER pour qu’elle s’inspire des difficultés qu’AMADER a rencontré dans l’implantation de ses équipements.

Monsieur Bourama Keita (Cultivateur) : Les poteaux seront implantés seulement au bord du goudron ou à l’intérieur du village ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : L’objectif du projet est l’électrification de tout le village et par conséquent toutes les concessions auront accès au réseau.

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Monsieur Dama Keita (Conseiller au chef du village) : Nous espérons faire marcher nos télévisions, brancher nos frigos et les machines à soudure et avoir la lumière pendant toute la nuit.

Monsieur Bourama Tinkiano (1eme adjoint au Maire) : Avec le projet de construction de la nouvelle maison d’arrêt à Kenioroba, il faut s’attendre sur l’arrivé de beaucoup de monde et sans l’électricité c’est le village qui est menacé. En plus nous avons une maternité où il y a un dépôt des produits pharmaceutique, pour le bon fonctionnement de tout ça nous demandons l’exécution de ce projet. Notre préoccupation est la réalisation de ce projet avec des équipements de qualité pour qu’on puisse avoir le courant à tout moment.

Monsieur Issa Keita : (Cultivateur) : il faut aussi que le cout des branchements soit abordable.

Madame Natenin Keita (Présidente de l’association des femmes) : Les femmes souffrent face à la pénurie d’eau, avec ce projet l’accès à l’eau sera facile pour nous les femmes.

Monsieur Soumaila Keita (1er conseiller au chef du village) : Chaque nuit nos jeunes font des patrouilles dans l’ombre, la lumière va faciliter cette tâche, comme mon prédécesseur l’avait signalé nous avons un problème d’eau, avec ce projet nous allons faire des forages pour y faire face.

Monsieur Nama Keita (Cultivateur) : Pour garantir la pérennité du projet il faut des formations à la base, mais on attend d’abord la réalisation du projet. Nous sommes contents aujourd’hui que notre village soit concerné par ce projet. Nous attendons impatiemment ce projet.

Monsieur Moussa Keita (cultivateur) : La mise en place des dispositifs contre le feu est primordiale. Il faut que le projet prévoie aussi les court-circuits et la formation des jeunes pour la réparation des pannes techniques.

Cette séance de concertation publique a pris fin à 11 H 48 mn par les remerciements et les bénédictions de Monsieur le Maire et le chef de village à l’endroit de l’équipe du consultant en particulier et tous les participants en général.

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de dans le cadre du projet

« Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali L’an deux mil dix-huit et le cinq mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de Dougouolo, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune, en vue de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 09 h sous la présidence de Monsieur Youssouf Dembélé 1eradjoint au maire de la commune.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance a invité le consultant (Souleymane Dembélé) à expliquer les raisons de sa présence.

Souleymane Dembélé Ma présence parmi vous en ce jour a pour but la collecte d’un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali avec l’énergie solaire initié par l’Etat et l’AER avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues.

Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre.

Notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes comme les questions liées au site d’implantation des équipements, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expérience de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette à cette source d’énergie renouvelable.

Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre pleine participation au débat.

Moussa Balablé Coulibaly chef de village

Par rapport à la disponibilité d’espace pour l’implantation du projet, il n’y a aucun problème ici à Dougouolo. Nous pouvons vous donner plus de 2ha dès aujourd’hui.

Youssouf Dembélé 1eradjoint au maire : l’acquisition du titre de propriété sera traitée avec diligence par le conseil communal.

Aboubacar Dembélé 2eme adjoint du maire

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Le courant issu de l’énergie solaire est propre et sans bruit. Vraiment ça nous donnera la chance pour entreprendre beaucoup d’activités ; donc ça va diminuer le chômage dans notre village. Un autre avantage du courant pour les jeunes va être la diminution de l’exode.

Ténéba Mallé (association des femmes) de Dougouolo

Avec l’énergie solaire les femmes pourront faire plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que la transformation ou la conservation de beaucoup de nos produits locaux. Ça peut aussi diminuer la coupe de bois par les femmes ; ça va aussi encourager beaucoup d’enfants à mieux réviser leurs cours les soirs.

Bekaye Coulibaly président de l’ASACO

Nous sommes très contents de cette nouvelle et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’avènement de ce projet car beaucoup de corps de métier vont se développer donc il y’aura beaucoup de travail pour tous les gens. Nous souhaitons qu’il ait moins de coupure dans la desserte. On ne peut pas dire tous les avantages du courant pour les activités dans le domaine de la santé ; tellement ç’a facilité beaucoup de choses.

Nous voulons que le prix soit à la portée des gens et que le matériel soit de bonne qualité.

Fousseyni Coulibaly responsable de jeunesse

Nous accueillons cette nouvelle avec une immense joie ; parce que ça va nous donner beaucoup d’opportunités d’emploi et la diminution de la délinquance et l’insécurité surtout la nuit.

Il faut que le prix soit à porter de notre pouvoir d’achat.

Après cette dernière intervention, le président déclara la fin de la rencontre ; il était alors 10heure 48.

Fait à Dougouolo le 05 mai 201

Ont signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Diaramana dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit et le cinq mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de Diaramana, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune, en vue de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 13 h 15mn sous la présidence de Monsieur. Brehima Sogoba 3emeadjoint au maire de la commune.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance invita le consultant (Mr Souleymane Dembélé) à expliquer les raisons de sa visite.

Souleymane Dembélé

Ma présence parmi vous cet après-midi a pour but la collecte d’un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali avec l’énergie solaire initié par l’Etat et l’AER avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues.

Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre.

Notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes notamment les questions liées au site, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expérience de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette à cette source d’énergie renouvelable.

Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre pleine participation au débat.

Amadou Sogoba représentant du chef de village

Pour ce qui est de la disponibilité d’espace pour l’implantation du projet, il n’y a aucun problème. Ici à Diaramana, nous en avons beaucoup assez de plusieurs pour pouvoir servir le projet en cas besoin.

Brehima Sogoba 3emeadjoint au maire

L’acquisition du titre de propriété sera traitée avec diligence par le conseil communal.

Moriba Sangaré directeur 2eme cycle

Le courant de l’énergie solaire est propre et sans bruit. Vraiment ça donnera la chance à ceux qui le veulent d’entreprendre beaucoup d’activités ; donc ça va diminuer le chômage dans notre village. Un

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autre avantage du courant pour les jeunes va être la diminution de l’exode mais aussi le développement sportif et culturel donc le bon vivre et la concorde.

Minata Sogoba conseillère communale de Diaramana

Les femmes de Diaramana pourront entreprendre plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que la transformation ou la conservation de beaucoup de nos produits locaux comme l’arachide, le karité etc… Le courant peut aussi diminuer la déforestation qui fragilise les écosystèmes. Les élèves pourront mieux réviser leurs cours les soirs.

Amadou Sagara / agent de santé

Nous sommes très contents de cette nouvelle et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’avènement de ce projet car beaucoup de corps de métier vont se développer donc il y’aura la possibilité de travailler pour beaucoup de gens. Nous souhaitons qu’il y ait moins de coupure dans la desserte.

Par rapport à notre domaine, on ne peut pas dire tous le bien du courant pour les activités de couverture sanitaire.

Nous osons espérer que le prix ne sera pas trop élevé pour les gens ou que les matériels soient de bonne qualité.

Yaya Daou responsable de jeunesse

Nous accueillons cette nouvelle avec un grand plaisir ; parce que ça va nous donner beaucoup d’opportunités d’emploi et de nous aider à lutter contre l’insécurité surtout la nuit. Il faut que les conditions de paiement soient flexibles et adaptées à notre pouvoir d’achat.

Sur cette dernière intervention, le président déclara la fin de la rencontre ; il était alors 15 h 02mn.

Ont signé :

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Zébala dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit et le sept mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de Zébala, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune, en vue de l’élaboration du . cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 10h 30mn sous la présidence de Monsieur. Bakary Dembélé 1eradjoint au maire de la commune.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance a invité le consultant (Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé) à dire les raisons de sa présence.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé

Ma présence parmi vous en ce jour a pour but la collecte d’un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali avec l’énergie solaire, initié par l’état et l’AER avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues. Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes comme les questions liées au site d’implantation des équipements, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expérience de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette à cette source d’énergie renouvelable. Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre participation au débat.

Tahirou Dembélé, chef de village de Zébala

Par rapport à la disponibilité de terrain pour l’implantation du projet, il n’y a pas de problème dans ça, ici à Zébala. Nous avons suffisamment des terres pour loger ce projet qui va nous mettre sur le chemin du développement. Nous pouvons en donner autant que le projet sollicitera.

Bakary Dembélé, 1eradjoint au maire

Pour l’acquisition du titre de propriété nous attendons juste la sollicitation du chef de village pour déclencher les démarches auprès des autorités compétentes et suivre avec toute la régularité qui sied.

Aboubacar Koné, directeur 1er cycle

L’énergie solaire est presque sans effets néfaste pour l’environnement et sans bruit. Le courant en général est une chance pour pouvoir entreprendre beaucoup d’activités ; donc ça va diminuer le

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chômage dans notre village. L’exode des jeunes va être diminué. Le taux de déperdition scolaire va également beaucoup baisser.

Adiaratou Diassana, ménagère

Avec l’énergie solaire les femmes pourront entreprendre plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que la transformation ou la conservation de beaucoup de nos produits locaux (karité, fonio arachide et autres fruits).

Assatou Dembélé, ménagère

Ça peut aussi diminuer la coupe de bois par les femmes ; ça va aussi encourager beaucoup d’enfants à mieux réviser leurs cours les soirs comme l’a dit monsieur le directeur de l’école. On peut aussi pomper l’eau pour nos besoins de jardinage.

Mahamadou Dembélé soudeur (jeunesse)

Nous sommes très contents de cette nouvelle et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’avènement de ce projet car beaucoup de corps de métier vont se développer donc il y’aura du travail pour beaucoup de gens. Nous souhaitons qu’il y ait moins de coupure dans la fourniture du courant. On ne peut pas dire tous les avantages du courant surtout pour nous les jeunes. Ousmane Dembélé, 1er conseiller chef de village Il faut faire de sorte que le prix ne soit pas trop élevé pour les gens et aussi bien choisir des matériels de bonne qualité. Issa Bassiri Dembélé, cultivateur Nous accueillons cette nouvelle avec une immense joie ; parce que ça va nous donner beaucoup d’opportunités d’emploi et diminuer la délinquance et l’insécurité surtout la nuit. Il faut fixer un prix supportable par les villageois. Kalilou Dembélé, conseiller communal En plus de tout ce qu’on a dit comme avantages du courant pour le village, il y’a aussi le développement culturel (musique, l’artisanat, festivals). Après cette dernière intervention, le président déclara la fin de la rencontre ; il était alors 12h 27mn.

Fait à ZEBALA le 07 mai 2018 Ont signéLe secrétaire de séance le président de séance

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Zangasso dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit et le huit mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de Zangasso, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune, en vue de de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 10heure 30 sous la présidence de Monsieur. Mamadou Sanogo 3eme adjoint au maire de la commune rurale de Zangasso.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance à inviter le consultant (Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé) à parler des raisons de sa présence.

Souleymane Dembélé

Ma présence parmi vous ce matin a pour but de collecter un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali avec l’énergie solaire, initié par l’AER et l’état avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues. Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre. Notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes comme les questions liées au site, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expérience de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette source d’énergie renouvelable.

Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre pleine participation au débat.

Kassim Traoré conseiller chef de village de Zangasso

Concernant la disponibilité de terrain pour la mise en œuvre du projet, il n’y a pas de problème majeur ; sauf que nous n’avons pas encore désigné quelque part pour ça pour le moment. Nous avons de nos jours suffisamment des terres pour abriter ce projet qui est vraiment salutaire.

Mamadou Sanogo 3emeadjoint au maire : Concernant le titre de propriété nous attendons juste la sollicitation du chef de village pour déclencher les démarches auprès des autorités compétentes et suivre avec toute la régularité qui sied.

Mamadou Koné DTC / santé de Zangasso

L’énergie solaire est presque sans conséquences néfaste pour l’environnement et sans bruit. Le courant en général est une chance pour qui veut se développer en entreprenant beaucoup d’activités ;

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donc ça va diminuer le chômage dans notre village. L’exode des jeunes va beaucoup baisser. Le taux de déperdition scolaire va également beaucoup diminuer. Dans le domaine de la santé, les biens faits du courant électrique solaire surtout dans le monde rural sont très nombreux.

Salimata Traoré à Zangasso

Avec l’énergie solaire les femmes pourront faire plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que la conservation et ou de transformation de nos produits agricoles et de cueillette.

Il faut faire en sorte que le prix du courant soit à la portée de tous. Les conditions d’étude de beaucoup d’enfants vont s’améliorer. Avec le développement de cette énergie solaire, les femmes vont être libérées de beaucoup de travaux domestiques pénibles.

Ladji Traoré (responsable de jeunesse)

Nous sommes très contents de cette nouvelle et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’avènement du projet car beaucoup de corps de métier vont se développer donc il y’aura du travail pour beaucoup de gens. Nous souhaitons qu’il y’ait moins de coupure dans la desserte. On ne peut pas dire tous les avantages du courant surtout pour nous les jeunes. En tout cas nous fondons beaucoup d’espoir en ce projet. La culture va connaitre un essor certain avec ce projet. Il y’aura plus de sécurité dans le village.

Après cette dernière intervention, le président mit fin de la rencontre avec les mots de remerciement à l’assistance ; c’était aux environs de 11heure 56 mn.

Fait à Zangasso le 08 mai 2018.

Ont signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Sido dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali»

L’an deux mil dix-huit et le neuf mai s’est tenue dans la salle de délibération de la Mairie de SIDO, la Concertation publique avec les populations et autorités de ladite commune, en vue de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet sus cité.

La rencontre a débuté aux environs de 11 h vingt et huit mn sous la présidence de Monsieur.

Moussa Dembélé secrétaire général de la commune rurale de SIDO.

Etaient présents à cette rencontre, plusieurs acteurs socioprofessionnels et de la société civile (voir liste jointe).

Après les salutations d’usage et les mots de bienvenue, le président de séance a demandé au consultant (Souleymane Dembélé) à donner les raisons de sa présence.

Souleymane Dembélé

Ma présence parmi vous en ce jour a pour but la collecte d’un certain nombre d’informations (préoccupations et attentes) auprès de vous par rapport au projet d’électrification de 100 localités au Mali avec l’énergie solaire, initié par l’état et l’AER avec l’appui du fond vert climat.

Ce projet consistera à installer une mini-centrale solaire autonome pour chacune des collectivités élues.

Vous aurez d’amples informations avec les missions techniques qui doivent suivre. Notre causerie va se faire autour d’un certain nombre de thèmes comme les questions liées au site d’implantation des équipements, aux craintes et attentes de la communauté, à l’expérience de la communauté en matière d’énergie solaire, aux opportunités pour les femmes et les jeunes par rapport à cette source d’énergie renouvelable. Par rapport à ces différends thèmes, nous sollicitons vivement votre pleine participation au débat.

Aly Doumbia responsable de la jeunesse.

Par rapport à la disponibilité de site, il y’a beaucoup d’espace où mettre la future centrale et ses annexes. Mais cette question doit être soumise aux autorités compétentes.

Le courant est la clé du développement et quant à moi, l’énergie solaire est mieux indiquée pour nos campagnes car il est sans bruit, propre et moins chère. Ça permettra aux populations d’entreprendre beaucoup d’activités de revenus ; donc ça va diminuer le chômage et l’exode rural dans la zone. Un autre avantage du courant pour les jeunes sera la baisse du taux d’abandon scolaire.

Moussa Dembélé

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L’acquisition du titre de propriété du terrain ne saura souffrir d’aucune lenteur dans le traitement dès lors que la demande viendra des autorités villageoises ; et surtout que c’est pour une œuvre de développement.

Mme Sali Doumbia / CAFO

Avec l’avènement de l’énergie solaire les femmes pourront entreprendre plusieurs activités génératrices de revenus, telles que les transformations et ou conservation des locaux (fruits, tubercules, légumes, karité etc..) ; ainsi que plusieurs autres petits commerces.

Ça peut aussi diminuer la coupe abusive de bois par les femmes. Avec le courant, les femmes vont mieux s’épanouir en excellant dans beaucoup de nouveaux domaines.

Dramane Diarra / électricien à Sido

Nous sommes très contents et nous souhaitons très rapidement l’avènement de ce projet car beaucoup de corps de métier pourront se développer ainsi il y’aura du travail pour beaucoup de gens.

Nous souhaitons que ça soit permanant c’est-à-dire qu’il y ait moins coupures possibles. Pour cela, il faut former et recycler les travailleurs pour qu’ils soient aguerris pour leurs taches. Nous craignons que le prix du KW ne soit pas trop élevé pour les gens ou que le matériel ne soit de bonne qualité.

Après cette dernière intervention, le président déclara la fin de la rencontre par les remerciements aux participants ; il était alors 13heure 00 mn.

Fait à Sido le 09 mai 2018 Ont signé

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Golobiladji dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le dix mai, s’est tenue dans la cour du chef de village de Golobiladji, la concertation publique avec la population du village de Golobiladji, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le chef de village, les jeunes etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 08 heures 35 minutes sous la présidence de Monsieur Kanssoum Diallo chef du village de Golobiladji. Après les mots de bienvenue du, chef du village au consultant ce fut la période du débat.

Etaient présents (voir liste de présence).

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de cette présente concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet est initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence de l’énergie renouvelable, financé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat. Nous avons un certain nombre de questions relatives à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet pour les femmes et les jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Kanssoum Diallo (chef de village) : En tant que chef de village j’assure qu’il y a des espaces pour implanter tous équipements qu’il faut. Le village a besoin de la lumière, elle empêche les voleurs de rentrer dans le village.

Madame Sayon Sidibé (Membre de l’association des femmes) : Ce projet est une chance pour nous, nos enfants pourront apprendre à la maison, la mobilité de la population sera facile pendant la nuit, les femmes pourront se réveiller à tout moment pour les activités ménagères.

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Monsieur Sory Sinayoko (Commerçant) : Tout ce qui me préoccupe est la réparation des équipements en cas de panne, l’échange des matériels et la sécurisation des équipements, souvent les batteries font l’objet de vol. Monsieur Kanssoum Diallo (chef de village) : Je souhaite une concertation par rapport au coût et les frais de réparation des équipements en cas de panne depuis le démarrage du projet, le village n’a pas suffisamment de moyens, nous ne voulons pas que les coûts soient au-dessus de nos moyens.

Monsieur Daouda Diallo : Nous avons eu un projet d’AER en partenariat avec le PLAN, le choix a porté seulement sur certains endroits du village comme l’école, le CSCOM et l’espace de loisir.

Monsieur Samory Diallo (Représentant de la jeunesse) : Avec ce projet la patrouille des jeunes sera plus facile, nous volons que le projet donne la possibilité à la population de faire des branchements domestiques.

Monsieur Daouda Diallo (Relais du village, RDC PLAN) : Nous demandons au projet la formation des jeunes intellectuels du village en électronique pour assurer l’entretien des équipements en cas de panne. Le choix des sites pour implanter les équipements sera fait par le village ou par le projet ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (Membre de l’équipe du consultant) : Le choix du site sera fait avec le village, le village sera impliqué à la prise de chaque décision.

Monsieur Kanssoum Diallo (chef de village) : Nous adhérons au projet, on souhaite seulement une concertation par rapport à ces obligations.

Monsieur Sory Sinayoko (Commerçant) : Il ne faut pas que le projet nous trahisse, le village est prêt à tout pour son démarrage, je souhaite qu’il recrute les jeunes du village pendant la phase des travaux.

Monsieur Djendja Diallo (Cultivateur) : Ce projet est pour le développement de notre village, nos préoccupations restent la prise en compte de ceux qui ont été dit à cette rencontre.

Cette séance de Concertation publique a pris fin à 10 H 05 mn sur les remerciements et les bénédictions de Monsieur le chef de village à l’endroit du consultant en particulier mais aussi à tous les participants.

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Procès-verbal de la concertation publique du village de Toumbouba dans le cadre du projet « Projet Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali »

L’an deux mil dix-huit, et le dix mai, s’est tenue dans la cour du chef du village de Toumbouba, la concertation publique avec la population du village de Toumouba, dans le cadre du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne).

Etaient présents : le chef de village, les notables, les jeunes, etc. (cf. liste de présence).

La rencontre a débuté à 11 heures 15 minutes sous la présidence de Monsieur Djiba Keita chef du village de Toumouba. Après les mots de bienvenue du chef du village à l’endroit du consultant ce fut la période de débat.

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : Je remercie tous les participants d’avoir répondu à notre appel. L’objet de cette présente concertation est l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale du projet d’électrification rurale de l’AER en mode hors réseau/mini réseau à partir des systèmes autonomes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire PV/éolienne). Ce projet est initié par le gouvernement du Mali à travers l’agence de l’énergie renouvelable, financé par la Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) au fond vert climat. Nous avons un certain nombre de question relative à l’existence des sites possibles pour l’implantation des équipements, les avantages d’un tel projet, les préoccupations particulières ou des craintes éventuelles pour une bonne réalisation du projet, les expériences dans ce genre de projet, les avantages du projet pour les femmes et les jeunes du village, le besoin de formation pour l’entretien des équipements ou autres.

Monsieur Djiba Keita (Chef de village) : Nous avons des espaces pour l’implantation des équipements, nous connaissons l’importance de ce projet, car les quelques lampadaires qu’on a eu à travers le PLAN ont réduits le cas des vols dans le village.

Monsieur Issa Tounkara (Conseiller au chef de village) : Personne n’aime l’obscurité, on souhaite ce projet depuis très longtemps. Est-ce que le village doit payer une somme pour le projet ? Ce serait des éclairages publics ou il y aura des branchements domestiques ?

Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé (consultant) : L’équipe de l’AER qui sera après nous va donner plus éclaircissements. L’objet est l’électrification du village par conséquent il aurait des branchements.

Madame Mariam Soucko (Présidente des femmes) : Nous adhérons au projet mais notre inquiétude est la cherté du coût.

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Monsieur Issa Tounkara (Conseiller au chef de village) : Dans le cadre du PASER-K le village a eu trois lampadaires, implanter dans certains endroits, ce nombre est insuffisant avec ce projet nous espérons l’éclairage de tout le village.

Monsieur Harouna Keita (Cultivateur) : Il n’y a pas de lumière dans la salle de réunion des jeunes si le projet peut penser à ça et aussi les espaces de loisirs des jeunes.

Madame Hawa Keita (Ménagère) : Nos enfants pourront étudier pendant la nuit, nous n’avons pas beaucoup de moyens pour acheter chaque fois du pétrole et des torches. Les femmes peuvent se réveiller à tout moment pour les activités ménagères, la lumière limite les morsures de serpent.

Monsieur Issa Tounkara (Conseiller au chef de village) : Nous souhaitons la formation de nos jeunes en réparation des pannes et en gestion d’électricité.

Monsieur Guimbala Keita (Cultivateur) : On attend maintenant ce genre de projet, nos souhaits est d’avoir encore beaucoup d’autre projet dans ce cadre. On souhaite le démarrage rapide du projet.

Cette séance de Concertation publique a pris fin à 12 H 30 mn sur les remerciements et les bénédictions de Monsieur le chef de village à l’endroit du consultant en particulier et les participants.

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PROCES VERBAL DE LA CONCERTATION PUBLIQUE A KORERA-KORE L’an deux mil dix-huit et le trois mai, s’est tenue dans la salle réunion de la mairie de Korera-koré, la Concertation publique avec la population de ladite commune, dans le cadre de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale du projet « Green Energy Service Centres for Communities in Rural Mali » à travers l’Agence des Energies Renouvelables (AER). Etaient présents : les autorités traditionnelles, administratives, et la société civile. (Ci-joint la liste de présence) La rencontre a commencé à partir de 8H 00 sous la présidence de M. Diabé Yattabaré, maire de la commune. Après les mots de bienvenue, la parole fut donnée au consultant Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé qui présenta le projet et l’objet de la rencontre qui consiste à recueillir les avis et préoccupations de l’assistance sur la mise en œuvre du projet. Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé ; consultant pour le CGES a dit qu’il s’agit d’électrification en mode hors-réseau/ mini réseau de 300 communautés rurales à partir des systèmes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire photovoltaïque et éolienne). C’est un projet qui sera financé par le fond vert climat à travers la Banque Ouest africaine de développement. Après son intervention la parole fut donnée aux participants pour la période des questions réponses Discussions et débats  M. Diabé YATTABARE (Maire de la commune) Dans son intervention le maire a souhaité la bienvenue à l’ensemble des personnes présentes dans la salle et à signaler l’importance de cette rencontre pour lui et sa commune. Rappelant ainsi l’importance que le projet accorde à la protection et à la sauvegarde de l’environnement.  Samba DIAWARA (1er conseiller au maire) Depuis un certain temps on nous parle de l’électrification dans notre commune, le maire à travers l’AMADER avait élaboré le document d’étude de faisabilité technique mais nous voilà jusqu’à présent dans l’attente. Nous solliciterons le démarrage du projet aussi vite que possible. Ici à Koréla-koré, le projet n’aura pas assez d’impact sur notre environnement ni sur sa faune et non plus sur la flore puisque notre environnement est désertique. Par ailleurs, nous solliciterons des informations et de sensibilisation sur l’usage de l’électricité. Nous demandons aussi un coût abordable sur la facture de paiement. Pour nous l’électrification rurale est important, le village avait bénéficié de deux lampadaires solaires aujourd’hui ses deux lampadaires sont en panne. Depuis ce moment, la population a su tirer les avantages qui peuvent découler de l’électricité sur le plan sécuritaire. Par rapport au site d’installation nous ne voyons pas de problème parce que à la venue des opérateurs de télécommunication Orange et Malitel nous leurs avons octroyés les sites sans problème.  Mamadou DIAWARA (Cultivateur)

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L’AER à travers ce projet répond à une priorité de la commune de Koréla-Koré puisque le maire et la population sont soucieux de l’électrification du village. Nous nous réjouissons de l’arrivée de l’électricité dans les jours à venir.  Seydou TRAORE (Directeur d’école second cycle) Mes remerciements vont à l’endroit de tous ceux qui ont effectué le déplacement. Cette initiative est pertinente, aucun village ne peut avancer sans l’électricité. L’abandon des études est très souvent causé par le manque d’électricité dans la commune. Les élèves apprennent mieux la leçon la nuit que le jour du fait des multiples occupations familiales. Les avantages d’électricité sont : la lutte contre l’insécurité, la création d’activités génératrices de revenus pour les femmes et les hommes …  Sidiki KONATE (chef du Centre de santé) Nous constatons que même le local de la mairie est plongé dans l’obscurité et sans climatisation. Ne faisons pas cas d’autres besoins pour la mairie et de la population. Nous accueillons avec enthousiasme l’idée du projet d’électrification. Au sein du centre de santé nous sommes impatients, jusqu’à présent nos femmes accouchent avec la lumière des torches. La problématique de l’électricité est partout (école, maternité, tailleur etc.) donc il faut accélérer les démarches. Dans la commune de Koréla-Koré, nous entendons partout les conflits liés au litige foncier mais par la grâce de Dieu, il n- y’a pas de conflit de terre chez nous.  Mamadou DIAWARA (Conseiller communal) Est-ce que l’électrification marchera 24H/24 ?  Bintou DIA (Conseillère communale) Je parle au nom de CAFO, la question environnementale est importante de plus en plus nous enfonçons dans le désert, aider nous à contre caller le désert qui n’aie pas aussi loin de nos demeures. Je pense que le projet aurait moins d’impact négatif sur la commune. Nous les femmes, le projet permettra d’augmenter nos revenus, d’organiser les cours du soir pour les femmes illettrées, de prendre en charge nos enfants et celle de la famille.  Mamadou DIAWARA (Conseiller villageois) Nous pensons que le projet aurait moins d’impact négatif sur l’environnement puis que nous n’avons pas assez d’arbres, l’eau est une ressource rare. L’Homme c’est la lumière, le développement c’est l’avancement grâce à l’électricité.  Issa DIAWARA : (conseiller communal) Le projet n’aura pas assez d’impact négatif sur la faune et la flore au contraire c’est un grand atout pour la commune. Nous vieux sommes privés de regarder le journal télévisé.  Cheicknè DIAWARA (1er conseiller villageois) Je remercie l’AER pour son initiative, nous attendons impatiemment le démarrage des travaux. Car nous avons tant besoin de l’électricité pour le développement socio-économique de notre commune. Un exemple, j’ai une radio de proximité en arrêt par manque d’électricité.  Mamadou Diawara : (Secrétaire administratif du CSCOM) Nous sommes dans un environnement en parfait cohésion sociale. L’intérêt commun prime sur l’intérêt privé. Nous disposons déjà d’un site d’installation de la centrale solaire. Il y’a un endroit propice qui se trouve entre les trois villages qui peut être le site commun (Voir photo annexe)

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 Bidia SACKO (Régisseur, interprète) C’est une bonne initiative d’avoir un tel projet dans la commune pour faciliter l’éclairage au sein des trois villages. Par rapport au site de la centrale il n’y aura pas de problème. Le projet favorisera l’installation de petite et moyenne entreprise (PME).  Kafounè MAGASSA (Représentante CAFO) Depuis 13 ans nous sommes à la recherche de l’électrification du village. Nous sommes toutes heureuses de voir la réalisation de ce projet par AER. Nous disposons d’un site pour l’installation de la centrale solaire déterminé par le chef de village et l’ensemble de la population. Nous les femmes nous apprécions avec grand intérêt d’un tel ouvrage qui permettra aux femmes et aux jeunes de bien s’épanouir.  Mamadou Diawara dit Manthita-Hamet (le chef de village) Nous ne pouvons pas finir d’évoquer les avantages de l’électricité malgré tout ce que viennent de citer mes prédécesseurs. Par rapport au site le maire à travers le bureau d’étude nous a élaboré un document d’étude de faisabilité dans lequel, le choix du site est déterminé. (Photo : vue du site) Enfin, sachez que nous sommes loin de litige foncier dans la commune. Nous sommes à la disposition entière pour le choix convenable de l’AER pour déterminer le site. Dans la commune nous ne disposons pas de l’eau de surface et des arbres qui peuvent nuire à la réalisation du projet d’électrification. Nous avons besoin de voir la télévision à tout moment, boire de l’eau fraiche surtout en période de haute chaleur.  Sékou DIAWARA (Conseiller communal) En cas d’une centrale solaire commune entre Korera-Koré, Diawaye et Lacoulé. Il faudra organiser une rencontre inter-village y compris avec le maître délégué d’ouvrage pour détermine le site consensuel.  Biramou MAGASSA (Conseiller villageois) Il faudra que le projet prenne en compte la gestion des déchets solides comme les batteries usées, les cartons après usage et bonne chance pour la réalisation du projet.  Youssouf BAYO (Chef sous-secteur d’agriculture) Nous devrons respecter nos engagements les uns et les autres pris durant la rencontre dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du projet. Chaque aménagement demande le sacrifice d’une parcelle agricole.  Badiouma SACKO (Représentant de la diaspora) C’est une chance pour moi de participer à cette rencontre, car je suis là pour un séjour au village. La diaspora a un accord commun avec l’ensemble du village sur le site. Le site a pour vocation d’abriter la centrale. L’électrification du village incitera la diaspora à investir dans les secteurs privés. Pour clôturer le maire a précisé l’emplacement potentiel de la centrale solaire qui ne doit faire l’objet d’une mésentente. L’honneur revient à l’AER et l’ensemble des bénéficiaires de différentes localités pour le choix final du site. La séance est levée à partir de 10H00

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PROCES VERBAL DE LA CONCERTATION PUBLIQUE A DJEWAYE L’an deux mil dix-huit et le cinq mai s’est tenue dans le vestibule du chef de village de Djéwaye, la Concertation publique avec les populations de ladite commune, en vue de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale du projet <> à travers l’Agence des Energies Renouvelables (AER). Etaient présents : les autorités traditionnelles, administratives, et la société civile. (Ci-joint la liste de présence) La rencontre a débuté à partir de 9H 00 sous la présidence de M. Diabé YATTABARE, maire de la commune. Après les mots de bienvenue, la parole fut donnée au consultant Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé qui présenta le projet et l’objet de la rencontre qui consiste à recueillir leurs avis et préoccupations sur la mise en œuvre du projet. Monsieur Souleymane DEMBELE ; consultant pour le CGES a dit qu’il s’agit d’électrification en mode hors-réseau/ mini réseau de 300 communautés rurales à partir des systèmes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire photovoltaïque et éolienne). C’est un projet qui sera financé par le fond vert climat à travers la Banque Ouest africaine de développement. Après son intervention la parole fut donnée aux participants pour la période des questions réponses Discussions et débats  M. Diabé YATTABARE (Maire de la commune) Dans son intervention le maire a souhaité la bienvenue à l’ensemble des personnes présentes dans le vestibule et a signalé l’importance de cette rencontre pour lui et sa commune. Rappelant ainsi l’importance que le projet accorde à la protection et à la sauvegarde environnementale.  CISSE (Chef de village) Les mots de bienvenue adressés au maire et à son équipe. Qu’Allah nous donne la chance de la réalisation du projet. Ainsi, la réalisation de ce projet aura beaucoup plus d’impacts positifs que négatifs. Le projet aura des avantages pour la population. Le besoin en eau fraiche, l’éclairage public, l’accès à l’information des populations par les médias, les élèves et talibés coraniques apprendront leurs leçons pendant la nuit.  Cheichnè CISSE (Conseiller villageois) Pour nous, le projet n’engendra pas d’impacts négatifs sur la faune et la flore. A Djéwaye, nous sommes envahis par le désert et la sécheresse s’accroit d’année en année. Nous sommes pressés de voir commencer les travaux de réalisation du projet.  Mamadou CISSE (Conseiller du village) Dans la plupart des projets réalisés dans le village, nous avons été sollicités de contribution avec des moyens financiers, matériels ou humains. Qu’en est-il pour ce projet ?  Hamou YATTABARE (Notable) J’ai participé avec le maire à la démarche d’obtention d’électrification de notre commune notamment le document d’étude de faisabilité des trois villages (Korera-koré, Djéwaye et Lacoulé). L’objet de visite de ce matin est une étape aussi importante : l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnemental. Dans le village la dégradation des ressources naturelles sont préoccupantes, nous souhaiterons préserver les ressources naturelles disponibles pour nous et la génération future.

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 Kandioura YATTABARE (Conseiller villageois) : Nous souhaitons bon vent au projet, gage de développement de notre localité.  Mme Koïta Fatoumata SAMASSA (Représentante CAFO) : Nous avons tant besoin d’électricité par la grâce de Dieu, nous vienne enfin ce projet de l’AER. Au nom des femmes le projet nous permettra d’augmenter nos revenus. Les impacts négatifs ne nous empêcheront pas de rentabiliser nos affaires dans le cadre de ce projet. Nous sommes dans une zone aride, l’eau se fait rare, les arbres sont généralement des arbustes.  Moussa CISSE (Notable) Nos joies sont immenses car depuis longtemps nous sommes en quête d’électricité pour l’amélioration des conditions de vie de la population. Les avantages d’électrification du village sont nombreux. Le développement c’est l’électricité, l’eau et des infrastructures. Pour les besoins de glace nous nous rendons généralement à Koréra-koré, l’unité coûte 250 FCFA et la demande reste encore forte. Etant donné que la production est faible à Korera-koré chef-lieu de la commune. Nous avons des télévisions avec d’autres appareils électroniques à la maison par la faute d’électricité, nous sommes plongés dans la solitude et privés d’informations sur l’extérieure.  Mamadou CISSE (Conseiller du village) Les avantages d’électricité sont énormes et nous ne finirons de les citer pendant toute la journée. Nous possédons peu d’information sur l’utilisation efficace de l’électricité pour raison nous souhaitons des formations, d’informations et de sensibilisations enfin d’éviter des pertes en vie humaine ou matérielles. Par rapport au site nous avons un site déjà désigné. La population de Djéwaye vie en parfaite harmonie, le choix du site ne fera pas l’objet de conflit entre nous. Pour clôturer le maire a précisé l’emplacement de la centrale solaire qui ne doit faire l’objet d’une mésentente. L’honneur revient à l’AER et l’ensemble des bénéficiaires de différentes localités pour le choix final du site. (Photo : vue du site) Après l’épuisement de l’ordre du jour, les bénédictions ont été faites pour les uns et les autres aussi pour la bonne réalisation du projet tant souhaité si possible avant la fin du mois de Mai 2018. La séance s’est levée à 11H 00

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PROCES VERBAL DE LA CONCERTATION PUBLIQUE A LACOULE L’an deux mil dix-huit et le cinq mai, s’est tenue une rencontre à la place publique de Lacoulé, la Concertation publique avec les populations de ladite commune, dans le cadre de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale du projet <> à travers l’Agence des Energies Renouvelables (AER). Etaient présents : les autorités traditionnelles, administratives, et la société civile. (Ci-joint la liste de présence) La rencontre a débuté vers 9H 00 sous la présidence de M. Diabé YATTABARE, le maire de la commune. Après ce mot de bienvenue, la parole fut donnée au consultant Monsieur Souleymane Dembélé qui présenta alors le projet et l’objet de la rencontre qui consiste à recueillir leurs avis et préoccupations sur la mise en œuvre du projet. Monsieur Souleymane DEMBELE, consultant pour le CGES a dit qu’il s’agit d’électrification en mode hors-réseau/ mini réseau de 300 communautés rurales à partir des systèmes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire photovoltaïque et éolienne). C’est un projet qui sera financé par le fond vert climat à travers la Banque Ouest africaine de développement. Après son intervention la parole fut donnée aux participants pour la période des questions réponses M. Diabé Yattabaré (Maire de la commune) Dans son adresse le maire a souhaité la bienvenue à l’ensemble des personnes présent à la place publique et a signalé l’importance de cette rencontre pour lui et sa commune. Rappelant ainsi l’importance que le projet accorde à la protection et à la sauvegarde environnementale. Madibaba KONATE (Conseiller villageois) L’électricité est un maillon essentiel pour l’essor des activités socio-économique du village. Dialiba KONATE (conseiller du village) L’ethnie soninké est généralement constituée des migrants dans le village on ne fait pas de distinction entre nous. Nous savons l’importance de l’électricité à travers nos déplacements par tout dans le monde entier. Ceci étant nous pensons que l’électrification du village permettra l’amélioration des conditions de vies des travailleurs entre autres : les tailleurs, les élèves, l’augmentation de revenus des populations etc… Demba WAGUE : (3ème adjoint au maire et conseiller du village) Après les mots de remerciement et de bienvenue aux différents participants. Signala l’importance de l’électricité et sa mise en œuvre inscrit dans le programme de Développement Socio-économique et Culturelle (PDESC). De nos jours, le village compte plus de 4000 habitants et n’ayant pour autant

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bénéficier de réseau électrique cela est un frein pour le développement de nombreuse personnes et de manque à gagner pour la commune. Ahmed COULIBALY (Conseiller communal) Nous souhaiterons voir la réalisation rapide et concrète du projet. Par ailleurs, le projet engendrera plus d’impacts positifs pour la population que d’impacts négatifs. Sedy KONATE (Conseiller villageois) Rappelant de l’allure que le monde subisse au changement des comportements, avant on se servait du feu de bois, de lampe tempête, de torche. Maintenant, nous sommes à l’ de l’électricité moderne qui devienne une condition sine qua non de la vie des villages et des grandes villes. Vue l’importance, nous aimerons avoir l’électricité pour le développement de notre localité. Cheicknè KONATE (Conseiller du village) Souhaite la bienvenue du projet et la prise en compte des aspects environnementaux par des spécialistes. Assa SACKO (Représentante CAFO) La population de Lacoulé compte 70% des femmes et de jeunes. L’arrivée du projet présentera un atout majeur pour le développement du village en permettant à ces couches des mener des activités génératrices de revenus (vente des jus de boisson, glace, apprendre les leçons, s’informer sur le monde…) Konon KONATE (Représentant des jeunes) L’arrivée du projet est une belle initiative, et le site est acquis pour la réalisation. Mohamed DEMBELE (Conseiller du village) Le fait d’entendre parler de plusieurs choses relève de l’électricité donc nous sommes impatients de la mise en œuvre du projet. Hassilima KONATE (Conseiller du village) Nous avons beaucoup attendus parler de l’arrivée d’électricité dans la commune. Aujourd’hui, avec la présence massive de personnes pour la Concertation publique, je ressens une émotion d’assurance pour la réalisation du projet dans les prochains moments. Dama SYLLA (Artisan) L’électricité est un moyen de lutte contre l’insécurité surtout nous artisans cela permet de travailler pendant la nuit enfin d’avoir un revenu supplémentaire. Demba SOUMARE (Tailleur) L’avantage du courant n’est plus à démontrer car étant tailleur l’électricité nous permettra de coudre à tout moment, de faire des broderies sur place sans effectuer le déplacement dans les grandes villes. Demba Wagué : (3ème adjoint au maire et conseiller du village) Nous solliciterons des séances de formation et de sensibilisation sur l’usage et la gestion de l’électricité au sein de nos familles afin d’éviter les pertes matérielles et humaines. Pour le choix du site nous disposons déjà d’un site ciblé. (Photo : vue du site) Plusieurs intervenants ont apprécié l’arrivée du projet et souhaitent la réalisation du projet qui ne nuira pas aux activités socio-économiques Pour clôturer le maire a précisé l’emplacement de la centrale solaire qui n’a fait l’objet d’aucune mésentente.

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La séance est levée à partir de 11H 00

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PROCES VERBAL DE LACONCERTATION PUBLIQUE A L’an deux mil dix-huit et le cinq mai, s’est tenue sur la terrasse de la mairie de Tioribougou, la Concertation publique avec les populations de ladite commune, dans le cadre de l’élaboration du cadre de gestion environnementale du projet <> à travers l’Agence des Energies Renouvelables (AER). Etaient présents : les autorités traditionnelles, administratives, et la société civile. (Ci-joint la liste de présence) La rencontre a commencé à partir de 15H 00 sous la présidence de Monsieur Mamadou DIARRA, le maire de la commune. Après les mots de bienvenue, la parole fut donnée au consultant qui présenta le projet et l’objet de la rencontre qui consiste à recueillir les avis et préoccupations sur la mise en œuvre du projet. Monsieur Souleymane DEMBELE ; consultant pour le CGES a dit qu’il s’agit d’électrification en mode hors-réseau/ mini réseau de 300 communautés rurales à partir des systèmes d’énergie renouvelable (solaire photovoltaïque et éolienne). C’est un projet qui sera financé par le fond vert climat à travers la Banque Ouest africaine de développement. Après son intervention Mr Dembélé retourna la parole aux participants pour la période des questions réponses. M. Mamadou DIARRA (Maire de la commune) Le maire a tout d’abord souhaité la bienvenue à l’ensemble des personnes qui ont répondu à l’appel. Ensuite, il introduit l’ordre du jour et surtout parla de la particularité que le projet accorde à la protection de l’environnement. Pour Monsieur le maire, le développement d’un pays relève de l’électricité, et l’accès à l’eau potable. Ainsi il évoqua l’exemple de la mairie qui peine à effectuer efficacement sa mission régalienne pour faute d’électricité. Le projet aurait moins d’impact négatif sur l’environnement et des activités socio- économiques puis qu’il est à la base de la réalisation d’une centrale solaire. Rokia TOURE (Représente CAFO) Je pense que le projet de la centrale solaire serait moins couteux que celle de la centrale thermique qui fonctionne à base du gasoil. M. Bacary DIARRA A mon avis l’argent que nous dépensons à l’achat des batteries et des accessoires sans cesse pour électrifier nos maisons sera compensé par l’électrification rurale. Moussa DIARRA : Mes Remerciements vont à l’ensemble des personnes ici présentes. Etant donné que nous sommes dans un milieu à revenu faible, la population serait-il en mesure de payer la facture ? L’électrification concerne-t-elle Tioribougou et/ou l’ensemble de la commune ? Hawa DIA

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L’importance de l’électricité n’est pas à démontrer même les absents de cette rencontre son unanime de l’importance que l’électrification pourrait engendrer sur le développement de notre commune. Combien coûtera l’unité (kw) de la facture à payer ? Assitan KONE (CSCOM) Avec l’arrivée de l’électricité il n’y aurait-il pas de délestage dont nous assistons souvent en plein intervention dans le centre de santé de Tioribougou. Youssouf DIARRA (Directeur d’école) La majeure partie des travaux scolaires sont dus à l’électricité, la bibliothèque est en arrêt faute de courant. L’électrification contribuera au rehaussement du niveau des élèves au sein de la commune. Comment se fera la distribution ? A quand le début des travaux ? Zoumana DIARRA (1er Conseiller communal) Les fils électriques passeront –ils en dessous du sol ou par l’extension de la ligne électrique aérienne de la centrale du village ? Nous sollicitons l’arrivée de l’électricité et de sa réalisation dans un bref délai. Chaka DIARRA Quelle est la superficie du site souhaitable pour l’installation de la centrale solaire ? Quelle sera la nature de contribution du village pendant la mise œuvre du projet ? Ibrahim COULIBALY Quel type de compteur sera installé ? Le compteur prépayé ? Mona DIARRA (Conseillère communale) Quel sera l’apport des femmes dans le cadre la mise en œuvre du projet ? Kadiou Diarra : Très certainement, l’impact du projet permettra aux femmes de s’épanouir en vendant les jus et boisson, des glaces, eau fraiche, afin de participer à la charge familiale. Diatou FANE (RECOTRADE) Mots de bienvenue et de manifestation de joie par rapport au projet. Très certainement, il contribuera à la sécurité des personnes et de leurs biens. M. Mamadou DIARRA (Maire de la commune) Par rapport au site, nous souhaiterons une Concertation interne dans les jours à venir pour la désignation commune entre la mairie et les chefs traditionnels. Par ailleurs nous souhaitons avoir une session, d’information et de sensibilisation sur l’usage efficace de l’électricité domestique. Après l’épuisement de l’ordre du jour la séance s’est levée à 17H par M. Mamadou DIARRA, maire de commune.

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Annexe 4: liste des participants aux Concertations publiques

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Annexe 5 : Photos de la Concertation publique et des sites potentiels

Concertation publique du village de Yelekebou

Concertation publique du village de Wolodo

Concertation publique du village de Karan

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Concertation publique du village Kenioroba

Concertation publique du village de Golobiladji

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Concertation publique du village de Toumbouba

CP dans la salle de réunion de la mairie (Koréra-Koré)

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CP dans le vestibule du chef de village (Djéwaye)

Photo : CP sur la place publique (Lacoulé)

Vues de la Concertation Village de Dougouolo

Vues de Concertation de Cinzina-Gare

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Vues de la Concertation du village de Diarama

Vue de la consulatation du Village de Sido

Vues de la salle consutation du village de Zangasso

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Vues de la salle de Concertation du village de Zebala

Vue du site commun potentiel (Koréra-Koré, Djéwaye, Lacoulé)

Vue du site potentiel de Koréra-Koré

Vue du site potentiel Djéwaye

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Vues du site potentiel de Dougouolo

Vue du site potentiel de Cinzana-gare

Vue du site potentiel de Diaramana

Vue du site potentiel de Zebala

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