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Crassulaceae

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Crassulaceae 93 r- subfa- distribution ::"spp. mily 5 Slnocrassu/a l EI t- to I l, , .r Meterostachys ä f f f;mnerate lsl to I F Append. subs. I Hytotetephium ) t!_il'l I I temoerate t Rhodiota atiu 1e Medit') i F] f ) l"l I E_l Europe/N.East rytvum S. assyrlacum Near East [G] N S. mooneyifG] NE l=l ; EItEI lo I Eurooe/Medit. I,l lll - l"l n- S. ser. Pubescens [G] I t--l S. ser. Caerulea lGl INorthAfrica tl rl, ) S. ser. Monanthoidea [G] -{ ES tsl .))t\ Macaronesia l'l r- Aeonium ] E] 1e S. magel/ense[G] ! rP S. dasyphyllum [G] S. tydium l-t ic lGl l.l ae Europe/ Mediterranean/ l'l S. sedoides l'l [G] 'Leuco- Near EasV tl S. hispanicum rd [G] (CentralAsia) S. commixtum tl li- lGl l ll u- l"l S. gracle [G] ES l=l -'t n- )F NorthAmerica tll'l le S. div.spp. [S] (Asia) Asia l.l ra l"l S. div.spp. [S] (Europe) Europe ll d S. sexangu/are[S] Europe I 't_ a S. fannosum [S] tl -|MacaronesiaI re S. ser. Macaronesica [S] n, l"ll"l S. oaxacanum lSl S. obcordafum [S] tl tl tn 9S S. fernafum I 3S [S] l,ll"l S. hemsleyanum [S] )r NorthAmerica S. fuffuraceum e- lSl l'l S. sect. Pachysedum [S] I tl l,l lo I Thompsonella \r"n",,,," n,o,o l"l -,| t_lL] l *** l5 FI Kalanchoe t\ lAl I | (South)Africa ü )' ! E] Crassu/a (South)Africa \ t-öt (n td I l"l I!',_J L_l

Crassulaceae 109 reli' ); Ieavesusually terete-subulate, * conspic- Byrnesia Rose( 1922). t r-t uouslyspurred at base; t elongate TacitusMoran (1974). )or thyrsoids, often spike- or -like, with Herbs (sect.Graptopetalum) to (sect. rtt). 6-70(-150)cincinnoid partial inflorescences with Byrnesia);Ieaves obovate to (broadly)spathulate, {t0 1-5(-8) ; (almost) free, (always?) usuallymucronate in sect.Graptopetalum; usually ons spurred at base; connate at base, lobes + glaucous-pruinose;inflorescences thyrsoids ,gar spreadingto reflexedor erect,whitish to pink or with few to many cincinnoid partial inflores- and reddish;stylodia t recurved; erect.n = 9-17, cences,or pleiochasiawith few cincinnoidpartial 20-22,33and higher. About 21 in southern inflorescences;flowers (4)5(- 10)-merous, )g)', USA (south-westernTexas), Mexico, Guatemala diplostemonous,rarely haplostemonous;sepals sed (BajaYerapaz), Peru, at (600-)1,500-4,000m. appressed,free to base and + equal in size; ned Divided into seveninformal speciesgroups petalsslightly connate at base,spreading stellately, rted (Thiedein Eggli 2003).Appears to be closestto basicallywhitishor yellowish(to greenish),usually -lus, Sedumsect. Fruticisedum (IJhl and Moran, l.c.). with reddish to brown cross-bandmarkings or :hin Täxaformerly classifiedin sect.Altamiranoa are blotches becoming denser towards tips, rarely allv now placedin Sedum(Moran 1996;Thiede and 't uniformly coloured; stamens first erect, after also Hart 1999). anther dehiscencespreading and the antesepa- )s. lous stamensrecurved between the petals,after rbg. 24. LenophyllumRose anthesisbecoming erect again; carpels shortly the Lenophyllum Rose, Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 47:159 connateat base;stylodia normally abruptlyoffset; rdes (190a);Moran, Haseltonia 2:l-19 (1994),rev. fruits ascendingto erect; usually reticulate. ;sile Herbs,roots fibrous or thickened; decussate n = 30-32, 34, 35, 62, 64, 66, 68, +93, +170, 1t0 in few basalpairs, elliptic, roundishor rhombic; +175, 192,+204, +208, +244, +270. Eighteen in inflorescencesthyrsoids with several cincinni, species,USA (central and southern ), rica narrow thyrsoidsof compactcincinni or reduced Mexico (widespreadfrom Sonoraand Chihuahua Ium to racemesor spikesabove or throughout;sepals to Oaxaca);rocky places,to 2,400m. ade erector ascending,nearly equal, * aslong asopen Divided into sect. Byrnesiaand sect. Grap- rlar corolla;petals in upperhalf spreadingto recurved, topetalum(incl. Tacitus).According to molecular rdly (ob)lanceolate, yellow(ish); stamens slightly data,Graptopetalum and its sectionsare not mono- :eds exserted; nectary scales subquadrate;carpels phyletic, and Tacitus, (= Sedum) 320 and selectedspecies of Sedumand Echeveriaare r20 erect,narrog taperinginto slenderstylodia; fruits erect.n -- 22,32,33,44.Seven species, from USA interspersedamong its species(Acevedo et al.l.c.). (southernTexas) and north-easternMexico. 26. ThompsonellaBritton & Rose Genera25-28 Thompsonel/aBritton & Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl Herb. to- Stemsat leastbasally woody, but many taxawith 12.391(1909);Moran, Cact.Succ. I. (U.S.)64:37-44 (1992), rbg. sessilerosettes; leaves usually thick and strongly synopsis. t al. succulent,in t distinctrosettes; inflorescences lat- Glabrousherbs or subshrubs;leaves in rosettes, eral;petals at leastbasally connate. x - 30-34with flattish, semi-amplexicaul,often glaucous,mar- secondaryreductions. Centred in Mexico. gins straight or undulate; inflorescenceserect According to molecular data (Mort et al. narrow thyrsoidsor spicateabove or as a whole, uhl 2001),these generaform a distinct American with 10-70, 1-12-floweredcincinni; flowers : al., clade(--'Echeveria group'), together with Sedum (almost) sessile;sepals free, (sub)equal,clavate; tml sect. Pachysedum.The latter sharesthe above petalsshortly connateat base,imbricate in bud, characters,except for its choripetalousflowers. spreadingfrom middle, outer face pale, inner ned face* dark purplish-red;nectary scales minute; :ent 25, GraptopetalumRose carpelsshortly stipitate,shortly connateat base; ous GraptopetalumRose, Contr. U.S.Natl Herb. 13'296(1911); stylodia slender; fruits erect; seeds reticulate Ling Acevedoet al.,Brittonia 56:185-194 (2004), morph. phylog.; with irregularlongitudinal rows. n = 26,52. Six ;eo- Acevedoet al., Amer. |. Bot. 91:1099-1104(2004), mol. species,central and southernMexico; usually on :ent phylog. limestone. 110 |. Thiedeand U. Eggli

Genera27 + 28 (sect.Pachyphytum), * oblong to oblanceolate, white to pink, rarely orangeto red(dish),inner Petalsupright and connatefor most of their length; facein upper part often with red blotch in sect. sepalsoften strongly unequal in size;petals thick- Pa chy phy t um, Iaterallyne ar bas e with appendages fleshy; anthers (light) yellow; fruits divergent. which form two free,1-2 mm largescales beneath filaments; antetepalousfilaments connate with 27, EcheveriaDC. corolla,antesepalous ones (almost)free; nectary erect EcheveriaDC., Prodr. Syst.Regni Veg. 3:401(1828); scalesoblong, * yellowish(-white);carpels offset Walther,Echeveria (1972), rev. at anthesis,f free;stylodia inconspicuously narrowing; fruits usually divergent OliverellaRose ( 1903). to abruptly - UrbiniaBritton & Rose(1903). follicles;seeds fairly smooth. n 3l-33,62,64,66, +128,+160, +186. Fifteen species, OliveranthusRose (1905). 96,99,+I24, in easterncentral Mexico, (600-) I,200-2,500 m. Glabrous to hirsute herbs to subshrubs; stem Dividedinto sectionsDiotostemon and Pachy- none or tall, branching or not; leaves rarely phytum(Thiede in Eggli2003). The morphology of scattered along the stems, usually (ob)lanceolate the petalscales was studiedby Leinfellner(195a); and mucronate, often glaucousor highly coloured; similar scalesalso occur in some Echeveriaspe- inflorescences, racemose, paniculate, or rarely cies.Pachyphytum maybe nested within Echeveria spicate thyrsoids, or cymose with one to several and closestto its sect.Urceolatae (Thiede in Eggli cincinni; pedicels usually with one to several 2003). minute bracteoles;sepals reflexed to appressedbut usually somewhat expanding, almost completely free, equal to strongly unequal; corolla cylindri- II. SuspA,r,r.KaTRNcnoIDEAE A. Berger(1930). cal to pentagonal to urceolate; petals imbricate (valvate in Ser. Valvatae), white through yellow Shoots* woody*; tissues(always?) with crystal and orange to red, rarely green(ish), inner surface sand*;petals connate to strongiydeveloped corolla usually with -cavity at base; stamens 10, tubex;anthers with terminal,f sphericalconnec- 5 attached at top of nectar-cavities, 5 at top of tive appendage*;seeds with few (4-6) costae*in corolla tube between petals; carpels connate at sideview, coronate* . x - 9*. base, erect at anthesis; stylodia slender; fruits Genera29-32. widely divergent follicles; seeds reticulate or Note that Kalanchoideaeare morphologically smooth. n = L2-34, polyploid from 28-25A.About highly derived,although cladistically they are the 139 species,centred in (southern) Mexico, also secondclade branching off from the remainderof southern USA (Texas) and Central and South the family. America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina). Divided into 17series (Kimnach in Eggli2003). 29. AdromischusLem. Adromischus Lem., lard. Fleur. misc. 2:58-59 (1852); 28. PachyphytumLink, Klotzsch & Otto Pilbeamet al.,Adromischus (I998), synopsis. PachyphytumLink, Klotzsch& Otto, Allg. Gartenzeitung Shrubletsto * 20cm; stemsfleshy-woody; leaves 9:9-10(1841). flat to almostterete, glabrous or glandular-hairy, Subshrubs;stems first erect, with age usually de- often with thick wax bloom; inflorescenceserect cumbent to pendent, not or few-branched; leaves spike-likethyrsoids or spikeswithout terminal obovate, spathulate, elliptic-oblong or lanceo- , to 55cm, with few to numerous, 1-5- late, usually very thick, usually conspicuously flowered dichasia;flowers usually erect, rarely glaucous-farinose; inflorescences almost always pendulous (A. phillippsiae (Marloth) Poelln.); simple cincinni, first drooping,later * erect; floral corolla usuallylong and narrow; petalswhite to 5-9 mm in sect. Diotostemon or usually pink to red, rarelybright orange,Iobes at sinuses 13-30 mm in sect. Pachypltytum; sepals erect, joined by thin membrane; filaments slightly appressed,almost equal(sect. Diotostemon) or (of- exsertedor included, papillate where connate ten strongly) unequal (sect. Pachyphytum); petals with corollatube; carpels elongate; fruits follicles, erect (sect.Diotostemon) or spreadingto divaricate (always?)dehiscing completely along ventral Crassulaceae lte, suture. n = 9. About 28 species,Namibia, South epidermal cells with sinuate anticlinal walls, ner Africa (especiallySucculent and Little Karoo). often (always?)with bladder-cellsidioblasts' usu- 3ct. ally completelydrought-deciduous; inflorescences thyrsoidswith oneto severaldichasia; petals white, 8es 30. Kalanchoe Adans. Fig.28 greenish,yellowish or mauve,rarely reddish; fila- ath Fam. Pl. 2:248 (1763); Hamet, Bull. 'ith KalanchoeAdans., mentsusually exserted, hairy whereconnate with (1907) 8:17-48(1908); Hamet Herb.Boiss. II,7:870-900 & corolla tube; fruits follicles, dehiscing apically ary Botanique"Les 'ect & Lapostolle,Genre Kalanchoeau |ardin only;seeds with irregularcostae. Forty-six species, Cödres"(I96a); Raadts,Willdenowia 8: 101- 157 (1977 ), rev. [set winter-rainfall regions of Namibia and South E. Afr.; Fernandes,Bol. Soc. Brot. II, 53:325-442(1980)' ent Africa, mainly SucculentKaroo. Growing season African taxa; Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau,Kalanchoe de 66, autumnto earlysummer; flowering t in summer. Madagascar(1995); Gehrig et al., Pl. Sci. 160:827-835 ies, Sister to Cotyledon,according to molecular (2001),mol. phylog. data (Mort et al. 2001).The two generahave in Bryophyllun Salisbury( I 805). lry commonbasally hairy fi.laments. Kitchingia Baker( I 881). Yof ;a); Shrubletsto shrubs,rarely rosulate or smalltrees, pe- or biennial to annual; leavesusually decussate,32. CotyledonL. tria rarelyalternate, verticillate or subrosulate,* flat, CotyledonL., Sp.Pl.:429 (1753); van Jaarsveld& Koutnik, Sgli rarelyterete,sometimes t incisedor 3-to 5-foliate, Tylecodon& Cotyledon (2004), rev.; Mort et al., Amer. |. Bot. marginsusually crenate, serrate or dentate,partly 92:1170-1176(2005), mol. phylog. with bulbils (usuallyin sect.), rarely rarely entire; inflorescencesrarely axillary, corymbose Procumbent to erect shrublets to shrubs, woody; leaves or paniculate thyrsoids, partial inflorescencesclimbers; stems usually becoming !0). lobed or orbicular, dichasial,rarely inflorescences few- to 1-flowered; decussate,flat or terete, rarely (glandular) thyr- flowers4-merous, * erect(usually in sect.Kalan- glabrous or hairy; inflorescences stal in monochasia choe)or pendent(usually in sects.Kitchingia and soids with severaldichasia, ending olla tube Bryophyllum);sepals free, connate or forming with one to many pendent flowers; corolla rec- cir- 'in long, sometimest inflatedtube (usuallyin sect. hairy or glabrous; dried calyxlcorolla complex exserted, Bryophyllum);petals usually brightly coloured, cumscissilealong groove; filaments carpels ta- lobesshorter than corollatube, erect, spreading or hairy where connate with corolla tube; * cuplike. reflexed;filaments exserted or included,connate pering into erectstylodia;nectary scales ally n = g.Elevenspecies, southern and easterntropical the to corollatube at base(sect. Bryopltyllum) or at or abovemiddle (sects.Kalanchoe and Kitchingia); Africa, south-westernArabian Peninsula. rof (Levsenet al.,l.c.), carpelsfree to somewhatconnate at base,erect or Accordingto moleculardata is polyphyletic. somewhatspreading (sect. Kitchingia); fruits erect the variable CotyledonorbiculataL. present follicles.n = usually17, also 18,20,34,35,36,51, The circumscissile calyx/corolla complex TyIe- 85.About 144species, mainly Madagascar, eastern in all Cotyledonis found also in at least some (Moran 2000), and may and southernAfrica, to tropicalAfrica, Arabia and codon and Kalanchoe spp. t52); genera. tropicaland SoutheastAsia; some taxa (especially representa synapomorphy for thesethree K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers.)are neophyticinvaders tves throughoutthe tropics. iry, Divided into three sections:the widespread III. SusrA,M.CnRssur.oIDEAE Burnett (1835). rect sect.Kalanchoe, and the Malagasysects. Kitchin- inal gia andBryophyllum. Leavesdecussate*, rarely ternate or whorled; flow- -5- ers haplostemonous*; anthers slightly introrsex, opening * com- rely 31. TylecodonToelken nucellus tenuinucellate*; fruits n.); pletely along whole suture, but releasing seeds TylecodonToelken, Bothalia 12'378(197S); van Jaarsveld& :to through apicalpore*; seedssinuate-unipapillate*. Koutnik, Tylecodon& Cotyledon(2004), rev. rSES Genera33 + 34. htly Shrubletsor dwarf geophytesto pachycauldwarf Note that Crassuloideae are morphologically rate trees to 2.5m; stems succulent,rarely woody, highly derived, although cladistically they are the :les, usuallywith flaking bark; leavesusually crowded first clade branching off from the remainder of the tral at stem tips, soft-herbaceous,with elongate family. t12 J.Thiede and U. Eggli

at base,partly with apex papillateon outer face .'\ and with distinct appendage(usually in subg. -:.- Crassula)often * whitish;filaments shortly adnate to petalsat baseand alternatewith these;carpels ... usuallyfree; fruits rarely nutlike and indehiscent. :,,: n = 8,7 andpolyploids. About 195species; mainly ::l southern Africa, a few speciesin sub-Saharan Africa and south-westernArabia, some ephemeral herbs ('TiIIaea')distributed worldwide, and the Se oniy genusof the family in Australia. Divided into the paraphyleticsubg. Disporo- carpa with nine sections(hydathodes of type I, rarelytype II; n = 8, rarely 7) and subg.Crassula with elevensections (hydathodes of type IIl' n - 7 with two satellites;Friedrich 1.973;Toelken 1977 l.c.;Martin and von Willert 2000).The ephemeral herbsof sects.Helophytum and Glomeratae,often segregatedas genu s Tillaea,are nested within Cras- sula,according to moleculardata ('t Hart unpubl. data).

34. HypagophytumA. Berger HypagophytumA. Berger in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen- fam., ed. 2, l8a:467-468 (1930); Gilbert, Opera Bot. 12r:47-50(1993). Tuberousgeophytes; stems one to few, drought- Fig.31. Crassulaceae.Crassula columnaris. A Flowering deciduous;leaves ternate, sessile or with - . B Flowet openedout. C Youngplant seenfrom above. like base, somewhat spurred at base, flat; (Berger1930) inflorescencesusually with 3 monochasiabelow terminal flower; flowers 10-l2-merous,stellate; sepalsfree; petals white or with faint pink tinge; 33. CrqssulaL. Fig.31 carpelsfree, laterally compressed, constricted into CrassulaL., Sp.Pl;282 (I753); Toelken,Contr. BolusHerb. two segments,upper part spiny-papillate,with long filiform stylodia; fruits 2-seeded,breaking 8 (1977), rev. southern African taxa; Tölken, f. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 3:57-90 (1981), rev. Austral. taxa; Blwater & transversely at the constriction, upper Wickens, Kew Bull. 39:699-728(1984), rev. New World dispersedwithin the upper part of the carpel, taxa; Mort et. al., IOS Bull. 12:35-36(2004), mol. phylog. lower seed releasedseparately. Only 1 species, (abstract). H. abyssinicum(Hochst. ex A. Rich.)A. Bergerin TillaeaL.(17s3). north-westernEthiopian highlands. RocheaDC. (1802). Characterisedby a uniquecombination of spe- cialisedfeatures, which all occur in Crassula(tu- Perennialor rarely annual herbs to (sub)shrubs, berswith annualshoots, whorled leaves,hydath- rarely tuberous geophytes;glabrous, papillate odesalong margins, haplostemonous and poly- or hairy; leavesdecussate or rarely in whorls merousflowers, and the peculiarfruits). The seed of 4, partly with bladder-cellidioblasts and leaf surfacestructure was given as costateby Gilbert basesconnate within a pair (usually in subg. (1989and l.c.) and Knapp (1994), which prompted 't Crassula);inflorescences thyrsoids with 1 to Hart (1995:169) to placethe genusin his 'Se- many dichasia,sometimes partial inflorescencesdoideae'.However, according to Knapp(1997), the glomerate,monochasia or reduced to solitary seedsurface structure in fact correspondsto the flowers;corolla urn-shaped to tubular or stellate; sinuate-papillate(Crassula-) type, clearlyfavour- flowers(2-)5(-12)-merous, usually small; sepals ing the placementin Crassuloideae.Hypagophy- shortly connateat base;petals shortly connate tum maybe nestedwithin Crassulaand closestto Crassulaceae 113 ace its sect.Petrogeton,whichshares the tuberous habit Bywater,M., Wickens,G.E. 1983.New world speciesof the bg. and exhibits in some speciesleaves with short peti- genusCrassula. Kew Bull. 39:699-728. Caballero,A., M.S. 1977.Contribuciön al estudio ate ole and in whorls of 4, monochasial inflorescences |imdnez, anatömicofoliar de las crassuläceascanarias. Vieraea rels with stellateand polymerous flowers,and long fili- 7:Il5-132. )nt. form stylodia. The samepeculiar type is found Calie,P.l. 1981. Systematic studies inSedum Ternata nly in sect.Glomeratae p.p.(cf. Stopp 1957). (Crassulaceae).Britton ia 33:498-507. :an Candolle,A.P. de 1828.Mdmoire sur la famille des Crassu- lacdes.Paris: Treuttel & Würtz. :ral Clausen,R.T. 1959.Sedum of the Trans-MexicanVolcanic the SelectedBibliography Belt: an exposition of taxonomic methods. Ithaca: Comstock. ro- Akiyama, S., Ohba, H., Wu, S.-K. 2001.A new variety of Clausen,R.T. 1975.Sedum of North America north of the MexicanPlateau. Ithaca: Cornell UniversityPress. ]I, Sinocrassulapaoshingensis (S.H. Fu) H. Ohba et al. (Crassulaceae).I. |ap. Bot. 76:222-226. Clausen,R.T. 1977.Biennial species of Sedumof the Sierra uIa Alm, T.2004. Ethnobotany of (Crassulaceae) Madre Occidentaland the Mexican Plateau.Bull. Tor- in Norway.Sida 21, l:321-344. rey Bot. Club 104:209-217. )77 Bahadur,8., Ramaswamy,N., Srikanth,R. 1986.Studies on Cronquist,A. 1968.The evolutionand classificationof flow- :ral the floral biology and nectarsecretion in someKalan- ering plants.Boston: Houghton Mifflin. choe species(Crassulaceae). In: Kapil, R.P.(ed.) Pol- Cullen, I. i995. Crassulaceae.In: Cullen, 1., Alexan- ten -an 'as- lination biology analysis.New Delhi: Inter-India der, ).C.M., Brady, A., Brickell, C.D., Green, P.S., Publications, pp. 251-259. Heywood, V.H., Jorgensen, P.-M., Iury, S.L., rbl. Baskin,J.M., Baskin, C.C. I97 2. Germinationcharacteristics Knees, S.G., Leslie, A.C., Matthews, V.A., Rob- of Diamorphacymosa seeds and an ecologicalinterpre- son, N.K.B., Walters, S.M., The European Garden tation. Oecologia(Berlin) 10:17-28. Flora, IV. , part II. Dilleniaceae to Baskin, |.M., Baskin, C.C. 1977.Germination ecology of Krameriaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Sedumpulchellum Michx. (Crassulaceae).Amer. |. Bot. Press,pp.170-244. Davis,G.L. 1966.See general references. :en- 64:1242-1247. Behnke,H.-D. 1991.Distribution and evolutionof forms Deil,U. 1991.Rock communities in tropicalArabia. In: En- 3ot. and typesof sieve-elementplastids in the dicotyledons. gel,T., Frey, W, Kürschner,H. (eds)Contributiones se- Aliso 13:167-182. lectaead floram et vegetationemorientis. Berlin: Flora Berger,A. 1930.Crassulaceae. In: Engler, A., Prantl, K., et VegetatioMundi, pp. 175-187. ;hr- Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien,ed. 2, 18a.Leipzig: D enton, M.F. I979 . Cytological and reproductive differenti- rle- W. Engelmann,pp. 352-483. ation in Sedumsection Gormania (Crassulaceae). Brit- lat; Bland, K.P. 1995. Phytomyza rhodiolae Griffiths, 1976 tonia3l:197-21I. ow (Diptera: Agromyzidae), a leaf-miner in roseroot, Denton, M.F. 1982.Revision of Sedum section Gormania Sedumrosea (Crassulaceae), new to Britain. Entomol. (Crassulaceae).Brittonia 34:48-77. lte; Gaz.46:267-269. Denton, M.F., Kerwin, J.L. 1980. 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TheFamilies and Genera of VascularPlants

Editedbv K. Kubitzki

T \f FloweringPlants . I /\ Berberidopsidales,Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabalesp.p., ,Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Pr ot e al e s, Saxifr agale s, VitaI e s, Zy go phyll aIe s, Clus i ac e a e Allian c e, Pa s s ifl or a c e a e Alli anc e, Dilleniaceae,Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae

VolumeEditor: K. Kubitzki in Collaborationwith C. Bayerand P.F. Stevens

With 174Figures

üspringer Prt.rtessorDr. Kraus Kusrrzrr L'niversitätHamburg BiozentrumKlein-Flottbek und BotanischerGarten Ohnhorststraße18 22609Hamburg Germany

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