See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227205999 Crassulaceae Chapter · April 2007 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-32219-1_12 CITATIONS READS 31 417 2 authors: Joachim Thiede Urs Eggli 88 PUBLICATIONS 183 CITATIONS 65 PUBLICATIONS 584 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Ecology and ecophysiology of desert plants in the Succulent Karoo, Namib, Negev, Sahara and other drylands View project Contributions to the succulent flora of Malawi View project All content following this page was uploaded by Joachim Thiede on 19 May 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Crassulaceae 93 r- subfa- clade taxon distribution ::"spp.tribe mily family 5 Slnocrassu/a l EI t- to I Kungia l, , .r Meterostachys ä f f f;mnerate lsl to I F Orostachys Append. subs. I Hytotetephium ) t!_il'l Umbilicus Rhodiola I Pseudosedum I temoerate t Rhodiota atiu 1e Medit') i F] f ) l"l Phedimus I E_l Sempervivum Europe/N.East rytvum S. assyrlacum Near East [G] N S. mooneyifG] NE Africa l=l ; EItEI lo I Petrosedum Eurooe/Medit. I,l lll - l"l n- Aeonium S. ser. Pubescens [G] I t--l S. ser. Caerulea lGl INorthAfrica tl rl, ) S. ser. Monanthoidea [G] -{ ES Aichryson tsl .))t\ Monanthes Macaronesia l'l r- Aeonium ] E] 1e S. magel/ense[G] ! rP S. dasyphyllum [G] S. tydium l-t ic lGl l.l ae Rosularia Europe/ Mediterranean/ l'l S. sedoides l'l [G] 'Leuco- Near EasV tl S. hispanicum rd sedum [G] (CentralAsia) S. commixtum tl li- lGl l ll u- Prometheum l"l S. gracle [G] ES l=l Sedella -'t n- )F NorthAmerica Dudleya tll'l le S. div.spp. [S] (Asia) Asia l.l ra l"l S. div.spp. [S] (Europe) Europe ll d S. sexangu/are[S] Europe I 't_ a S. fannosum [S] tl -|MacaronesiaI re S. ser. Macaronesica [S] n, Villadia l"ll"l S. oaxacanum lSl S. obcordafum [S] tl tl tn Lenophyllum 9S S. fernafum I 3S [S] l,ll"l S. hemsleyanum [S] )r NorthAmerica S. fuffuraceum e- lSl l'l S. sect. Pachysedum [S] I Graptopetalum tl l,l lo I Thompsonella \r"n",,,," n,o,o l"l Echeveria Pachyphytum -,| t_lL] Kalanchoe Adromischus l *** l5 FI Kalanchoe t\ lAl I | (South)Africa ü Tylecodon )' ! Cotyledon E] Crassula Crassu/a (South)Africa \ t-öt (n td I l"l I!',_J L_l Crassulaceae 109 reli' roots); Ieavesusually terete-subulate, * conspic- Byrnesia Rose( 1922). t r-t uouslyspurred at base;inflorescences t elongate TacitusMoran (1974). )or thyrsoids, often spike- or raceme-like, with Herbs (sect.Graptopetalum) to subshrubs(sect. rtt). 6-70(-150)cincinnoid partial inflorescences with Byrnesia);Ieaves obovate to (broadly)spathulate, {t0 1-5(-8) flowers;sepals (almost) free, (always?) usuallymucronate in sect.Graptopetalum; usually ons spurred at base; petals connate at base, lobes + glaucous-pruinose;inflorescences thyrsoids ,gar spreadingto reflexedor erect,whitish to pink or with few to many cincinnoid partial inflores- and reddish;stylodia t recurved;fruits erect.n = 9-17, cences,or pleiochasiawith few cincinnoidpartial 20-22,33and higher. About 21 species in southern inflorescences;flowers (4)5(- 10)-merous, stamens )g)', USA (south-westernTexas), Mexico, Guatemala diplostemonous,rarely haplostemonous;sepals sed (BajaYerapaz), Peru, at (600-)1,500-4,000m. appressed,free to base and + equal in size; ned Divided into seveninformal speciesgroups petalsslightly connate at base,spreading stellately, rted (Thiedein Eggli 2003).Appears to be closestto basicallywhitishor yellowish(to greenish),usually -lus, Sedumsect. Fruticisedum (IJhl and Moran, l.c.). with reddish to brown cross-bandmarkings or :hin Täxaformerly classifiedin sect.Altamiranoa are blotches becoming denser towards tips, rarely allv now placedin Sedum(Moran 1996;Thiede and 't uniformly coloured; stamens first erect, after also Hart 1999). anther dehiscencespreading and the antesepa- )s. lous stamensrecurved between the petals,after rbg. 24. LenophyllumRose anthesisbecoming erect again; carpels shortly the Lenophyllum Rose, Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 47:159 connateat base;stylodia normally abruptlyoffset; rdes (190a);Moran, Haseltonia 2:l-19 (1994),rev. fruits ascendingto erect;seeds usually reticulate. ;sile Herbs,roots fibrous or thickened;leaves decussate n = 30-32, 34, 35, 62, 64, 66, 68, +93, +170, 1t0 in few basalpairs, elliptic, roundishor rhombic; +175, 192,+204, +208, +244, +270. Eighteen in inflorescencesthyrsoids with several cincinni, species,USA (central and southern Arizona), rica narrow thyrsoidsof compactcincinni or reduced Mexico (widespreadfrom Sonoraand Chihuahua Ium to racemesor spikesabove or throughout;sepals to Oaxaca);rocky places,to 2,400m. ade erector ascending,nearly equal, * aslong asopen Divided into sect. Byrnesiaand sect. Grap- rlar corolla;petals in upperhalf spreadingto recurved, topetalum(incl. Tacitus).According to molecular rdly (ob)lanceolate, yellow(ish); stamens slightly data,Graptopetalum and its sectionsare not mono- :eds exserted; nectary scales subquadrate;carpels phyletic, and Tacitus,Cremnophila (= Sedum) 320 and selectedspecies of Sedumand Echeveriaare r20 erect,narrog taperinginto slenderstylodia; fruits erect.n -- 22,32,33,44.Seven species, from USA interspersedamong its species(Acevedo et al.l.c.). (southernTexas) and north-easternMexico. 26. ThompsonellaBritton & Rose Genera25-28 Thompsonel/aBritton & Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl Herb. to- Stemsat leastbasally woody, but many taxa with 12.391(1909);Moran, Cact.Succ. I. (U.S.)64:37-44 (1992), rbg. sessilerosettes; leaves usually thick and strongly synopsis. t al. succulent,in t distinctrosettes; inflorescences lat- Glabrousherbs or subshrubs;leaves in rosettes, eral;petals at leastbasally connate. x - 30-34with flattish, semi-amplexicaul,often glaucous,mar- secondaryreductions. Centred in Mexico. gins straight or undulate; inflorescenceserect According to molecular data (Mort et al. narrow thyrsoidsor spicateabove or as a whole, uhl 2001),these generaform a distinct American with 10-70, 1-12-floweredcincinni; flowers : al., clade(--'Echeveria group'), together with Sedum (almost) sessile;sepals free, (sub)equal,clavate; tml sect. Pachysedum.The latter sharesthe above petalsshortly connateat base,imbricate in bud, characters,except for its choripetalousflowers. spreadingfrom middle, outer face pale, inner ned face* dark purplish-red;nectary scales minute; :ent 25, GraptopetalumRose carpelsshortly stipitate,shortly connateat base; ous GraptopetalumRose, Contr. U.S.Natl Herb. 13'296(1911); stylodia slender; fruits erect; seeds reticulate Ling Acevedoet al.,Brittonia 56:185-194 (2004), morph. phylog.; with irregularlongitudinal rows. n = 26,52. Six ;eo- Acevedoet al., Amer. |. Bot. 91:1099-1104(2004), mol. species,central and southernMexico; usually on :ent phylog. limestone. 110 |. Thiedeand U. Eggli Genera27 + 28 (sect.Pachyphytum), * oblong to oblanceolate, white to pink, rarely orangeto red(dish),inner Petalsupright and connatefor most of their length; face in upper part often with red blotch in sect. sepalsoften strongly unequal in size;petals thick- Pa chy phy t um, Iaterallyne ar bas e with appendages fleshy; anthers (light) yellow; fruits divergent. which form two free,1-2 mm largescales beneath filaments; antetepalousfilaments connate with 27, EcheveriaDC. corolla,antesepalous ones (almost)free; nectary erect EcheveriaDC., Prodr. Syst.Regni Veg. 3:401(1828); scalesoblong, * yellowish(-white);carpels offset Walther,Echeveria (1972), rev. at anthesis,f free;stylodia inconspicuously narrowing; fruits usually divergent OliverellaRose ( 1903). to abruptly - UrbiniaBritton & Rose(1903). follicles;seeds fairly smooth. n 3l-33,62,64,66, +128,+160, +186. Fifteen species, OliveranthusRose (1905). 96,99,+I24, in easterncentral Mexico, (600-) I,200-2,500 m. Glabrous to hirsute herbs to subshrubs; stem Dividedinto sectionsDiotostemon and Pachy- none or tall, branching or not; leaves rarely phytum(Thiede in Eggli2003). The morphology of scattered along the stems, usually (ob)lanceolate the petalscales was studiedby Leinfellner(195a); and mucronate, often glaucousor highly coloured; similar scalesalso occur in some Echeveriaspe- inflorescences, racemose, paniculate, or rarely cies.Pachyphytum maybe nested within Echeveria spicate thyrsoids, or cymose with one to several and closestto its sect.Urceolatae (Thiede in Eggli cincinni; pedicels usually with one to several 2003). minute bracteoles;sepals reflexed to appressedbut usually somewhat expanding, almost completely free, equal to strongly unequal; corolla cylindri- II. SuspA,r,r.KaTRNcnoIDEAE A. Berger(1930). cal to pentagonal to urceolate; petals imbricate (valvate in Ser. Valvatae), white through yellow Shoots* woody*; tissues(always?) with crystal and orange to red, rarely green(ish), inner surface sand*;petals connate to strongiydeveloped corolla usually with nectar-cavity at base; stamens 10, tubex;anthers with terminal,f sphericalconnec- 5 attached at top of nectar-cavities, 5 at top of tive appendage*;seeds with few (4-6) costae*in corolla tube between petals; carpels connate at sideview, coronate* . x - 9*. base, erect at anthesis; stylodia slender; fruits Genera29-32. widely divergent follicles; seeds reticulate or Note that Kalanchoideaeare morphologically smooth. n = L2-34, polyploid from 28-25A.About highly derived,although cladistically they are the 139 species,centred in (southern) Mexico, also secondclade branching off from the remainderof southern USA (Texas) and Central and South the family. America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador,