DOCSLIB.ORG

Icariin Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function by Inhibiting NF-Κb

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Icariin Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function by Inhibiting NF-Κb RSC Advances View Article Online PAPER View Journal | View Issue Icariin enhances intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NF-kB signaling pathways and Cite this: RSC Adv.,2019,9, 37947 modulating gut microbiota in a piglet model† Wen Xiong, a Haoyue Ma,b Zhu Zhang,a Meilan Jin,a Jian Wang,a Yuwei Xua and Zili Wang*a This study investigated the effects of icariin on intestinal barrier function and its underlying mechanisms. The icariin diet improved the growth rate and reduced the diarrhea rate in piglets. The icariin diet also reduced the levels of plasma and colonic IL-1b, -6, -8, TNF-a, and MDA but increased the plasma and colonic activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT. Besides, the levels of plasma and colonic endotoxin, DAO, D- lactate, and zonulin were markedly reduced in icariin groups. Meanwhile, dietary intake icariin significantly increased the gene and protein expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 in the colon. Furthermore, the gene and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-kB were significantly inhibited Received 7th September 2019 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. in the colon of icariin fed piglets. The intestinal microbiota composition and function was changed by Accepted 6th November 2019 the icariin diet. Collectively, these findings increase our understanding of the mechanisms by which ICA DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07176h enhances the intestinal barrier function and promotes the development of nutritional intervention rsc.li/rsc-advances strategies. Introduction inammatory bowel disease and tissue damage.6 In addition, intestinal oxidative stress disrupts the intestinal barrier by The intestine is not only the main digestive and absorbing reducing redox sensitivity, resulting in increased intestinal 7 This article is licensed under a organ of nutrients but is also an effective barrier against various permeability. Microorganisms that inhabit the gut and their pathogenic infections.1,2 The main function of the intestinal benecial metabolites can regulate intestinal health.8 Increasing epithelium is to isolate the digesta, microorganisms, and its evidences suggest that gut microbiota disorder is closely related metabolites from the intestinal epithelial cells, preventing to inammation and oxidative stress. A previous study has shown Open Access Article. Published on 20 November 2019. Downloaded 9/28/2021 8:28:15 PM. harmful substances in the intestinal lumen from damaging the that gut microbiota disorder redisposed to inammatory bowel intestinal epithelial cells and then entering the lymph or blood diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and indeter- circulation.3 Under normal physiological conditions, the intes- minate colitis.9 Besides, it has been reported that change in the tinal tract can selectively penetrate nutrients. However, under gut microbiota may lead to apoptosis and further affect the pathological conditions, harmful metabolic substances in the intestinal barrier by affecting oxidative stress.10 Therefore, the intestinal lumen may escape into the blood circulation due to inhibition of pathogenic proliferation by means of nutritional the destruction of intestinal integrity, causing local or systemic intervention is necessary to alleviate inammation and oxidative diseases.4 Thus, to prevent harmful metabolites from damaging stress. Microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids the intestinal or distant organs, the structural and functional (SCFAs) could serve as an energy source for intestinal epithelial integrity of the mucosal epithelium needs to be maintained. cells, and could also act as signaling molecules to regulate Impaired intestinal integrity increases intestinal permeability, metabolic and immune functions.11,12 NF-kB is a nuclear tran- inammatory response, and oxidative stress, leading to bacterial scription factor that has been extensively studied, and many translocation and subsequent intestinal disease.5 Excessive pro- reports have demonstrated that NF-kB mediates inammatory inammatory cytokines in the intestinal mucosa can cause responses and oxidative stress.13,14 Therefore, maintaining the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and limiting the expression of NF-kB is critical for protecting intestinal health. aCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. Evidence in rodents and humans has revealed that natural E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; product medicines have good health effects, such as alleviation [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] of type 2 diabetes, chronic liver damage, and irritable bowel bCollege of Parmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. E-mail: syndrome.15–17 As a common natural product, the academic [email protected] † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: community has conducted a comprehensive study on the 10.1039/c9ra07176h chemical constituents of epimedium. Among them, icariin This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 RSC Adv.,2019,9, 37947–37956 | 37947 View Article Online RSC Advances Paper (ICA) is a representative active ingredient of epimedium.18 the diarrhea rate was signicantly lower than that of the CON Emerging data suggest that ICA exerts its benecial effects by group (P < 0.05). regulating some biological processes, such as inhibiting inammatory responses and oxidative stress.19,20 However, it is unclear whether ICA contributes to maintaining or enhancing Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on plasma and colonic the intestinal barrier function. cytokines and oxidative status in weaned piglets Pigs are omnivores with similar organ functions and meta- We detected biomarkers related to the inammation and bolic pathways as humans. Importantly, the gut microbiota of oxidative stress in the piglets. These biomarkers included IL-1b, these two species shares a comparatively broad range of gut IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a as markers for inammation and MDA, 21,22 microbiota. Therefore, pigs are generally considered to be SOD, GSH-px, and CAT as markers for oxidative stress. The excellent model species for studying human digestion and levels of plasma and colonic IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a were 23,24 nutrition. In the current study, we employed piglets as markedly reduced (P < 0.05) in the piglets from the ICA groups ff a model to investigate the e ects of ICA on intestinal barrier (Fig. 1). The levels of plasma and colonic MDA were dramati- function. In addition, the potential mechanisms of ICA for cally decreased and the enzymatic activity of SOD, GSH-px, and intestinal barrier function were elucidated by studying gut CAT were signicantly increased (P < 0.05) in the piglets from k microbiota and NF- B signaling pathways. the ICA groups (Fig. 2). Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on intestinal Results permeability in weaned piglets Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on growth performance We further detected biomarkers related to the intestinal in weaned piglets permeability of piglets. These biomarkers included endotoxin, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. To demonstrate the effect of diet supplemented with ICA on DAO, D-lactate, and zonulin. The levels of plasma and colonic growth performance, we examined BW, ADG, and diarrhea rate endotoxin, DAO, D-lactate, and zonulin were markedly reduced (Table 1). On days 1 and 14 of the experimental period, there (P < 0.05) in the piglets from the ICA groups (Fig. 3). was no signicant change in the BW between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, on day 28, the BW of piglets in the Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on intestinal tight ICA group was signicantly higher than that in the CON group junction protein in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the ADG and diarrhea rates between the two groups during the rst two To investigate the effect of diet supplemented with ICA on This article is licensed under a weeks of the experimental period (P > 0.05). During the last two intestinal tight junction protein, we determined the gene and weeks of the experimental period, the ADG of the ICA group was protein expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 in the signicantly higher than that of the CON group (P < 0.05) and colonic mucosa. The gene and protein abundance of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 was dramatically increased (P < 0.05) Open Access Article. Published on 20 November 2019. Downloaded 9/28/2021 8:28:15 PM. in the piglets from ICA groups (Fig. 4). Table 1 Effect of diet supplemented ICA on growth performance and diarrhea incidence in weaned pigletsa Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on NF-kB signal pathway Groups in weaned piglets Items CON ICA P-value To investigate the potential mechanism by which diet supple- mented with ICA increases the intestinal barrier function, we BW, kg k Æ Æ examined the NF- B signaling pathway in the colonic mucosa. 1 d 7.0 0.1 7.0 0.1 0.98 k 14 d 13.1 Æ 0.2 13.6 Æ 0.1 0.28 The gene and protein abundance of TLR4, MyD88, and NF- B 28 d 17.8 Æ 0.2 19.5 Æ 0.2 0.02 was dramatically increased (P < 0.05) in the piglets from the ICA groups (Fig. 5). 1–14 d ADG, g 320 Æ 18 333 Æ 22 0.21 Diarrhea rate, % 5.0 Æ 0.1 4.5 Æ 0.1 0.33 Effect of diet supplemented with ICA on microbial 14–28 d metabolites in weaned piglets Æ Æ ADG, g 401 24 453 28 0.03 To analyze the effect of diet supplemented with ICA on intes- Diarrhea rate, % 6.8 Æ 0.1 4.4 Æ 0.1 0.01 tinal microbiota metabolism, we focused on the colonic and 1–28 d plasma SCFAs of piglets from either CON or ICA groups (ESI ADG, g 360 Æ 14 393 Æ 18 0.04 Fig. 1†). The results showed that the levels of colonic (ESI Diarrhea rate, % 5.8 Æ 0.1 4.3 Æ 0.1 0.04 Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bacteria Associated with Larvae and Adults of the Asian Longhorned Beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)1
    Bacteria Associated with Larvae and Adults of the Asian Longhorned Beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)1 John D. Podgwaite2, Vincent D' Amico3, Roger T. Zerillo, and Heidi Schoenfeldt USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Hamden CT 06514 USA J. Entomol. Sci. 48(2): 128·138 (April2013) Abstract Bacteria representing several genera were isolated from integument and alimentary tracts of live Asian longhorned beetle, Anaplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), larvae and adults. Insects examined were from infested tree branches collected from sites in New York and Illinois. Staphylococcus sciuri (Kloos) was the most common isolate associated with adults, from 13 of 19 examined, whereas members of the Enterobacteriaceae dominated the isolations from larvae. Leclercia adecarboxylata (Leclerc), a putative pathogen of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), was found in 12 of 371arvae examined. Several opportunistic human pathogens, including S. xylosus (Schleifer and Kloos), S. intermedius (Hajek), S. hominis (Kloos and Schleifer), Pantoea agglomerans (Ewing and Fife), Serratia proteamaculans (Paine and Stansfield) and Klebsiella oxytoca (Fiugge) also were isolated from both larvae and adults. One isolate, found in 1 adult and several larvae, was identified as Tsukamurella inchonensis (Yassin) also an opportunistic human pathogen and possibly of Korean origin .. We have no evi­ dence that any of the microorganisms isolated are pathogenic for the Asian longhorned beetle. Key Words Asian longhorned beetle, Anaplophora glabripennis, bacteria The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) a pest native to China and Korea, often has been found associated with wood- packing ma­ terial arriving in ports of entry to the United States. The pest has many hardwood hosts, particularly maples (Acer spp.), and currently is established in isolated popula­ tions in at least 3 states- New York, NJ and Massachusetts (USDA-APHIS 201 0).
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Clinically Relevant Streptococcus and Enterococcus
    pathogens Article Identification of Clinically Relevant Streptococcus and Enterococcus Species Based on Biochemical Methods and 16S rRNA, sodA, tuf, rpoB, and recA Gene Sequencing Maja Kosecka-Strojek 1,* , Mariola Wolska 1, Dorota Zabicka˙ 2 , Ewa Sadowy 3 and Jacek Mi˛edzobrodzki 1 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (J.M.) 2 Department of Molecular Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 3 Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-12-664-6365 Received: 13 October 2020; Accepted: 9 November 2020; Published: 11 November 2020 Abstract: Streptococci and enterococci are significant opportunistic pathogens in epidemiology and infectious medicine. High genetic and taxonomic similarities and several reclassifications within genera are the most challenging in species identification. The aim of this study was to identify Streptococcus and Enterococcus species using genetic and phenotypic methods and to determine the most discriminatory identification method. Thirty strains recovered from clinical samples representing 15 streptococcal species, five enterococcal species, and four nonstreptococcal species were subjected to bacterial identification by the Vitek® 2 system and Sanger-based sequencing methods targeting the 16S rRNA, sodA, tuf, rpoB, and recA genes. Phenotypic methods allowed the identification of 10 streptococcal strains, five enterococcal strains, and four nonstreptococcal strains (Leuconostoc, Granulicatella, and Globicatella genera). The combination of sequencing methods allowed the identification of 21 streptococcal strains, five enterococcal strains, and four nonstreptococcal strains.
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into 6S RNA in Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Pablo Gabriel Cataldo1,Paulklemm2, Marietta Thüring2, Lucila Saavedra1, Elvira Maria Hebert1, Roland K
    Cataldo et al. BMC Genomic Data (2021) 22:29 BMC Genomic Data https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-021-00983-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Insights into 6S RNA in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Pablo Gabriel Cataldo1,PaulKlemm2, Marietta Thüring2, Lucila Saavedra1, Elvira Maria Hebert1, Roland K. Hartmann2 and Marcus Lechner2,3* Abstract Background: 6S RNA is a regulator of cellular transcription that tunes the metabolism of cells. This small non-coding RNA is found in nearly all bacteria and among the most abundant transcripts. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) constitute a group of microorganisms with strong biotechnological relevance, often exploited as starter cultures for industrial products through fermentation. Some strains are used as probiotics while others represent potential pathogens. Occasional reports of 6S RNA within this group already indicate striking metabolic implications. A conceivable idea is that LAB with 6S RNA defects may metabolize nutrients faster, as inferred from studies of Echerichia coli.Thismay accelerate fermentation processes with the potential to reduce production costs. Similarly, elevated levels of secondary metabolites might be produced. Evidence for this possibility comes from preliminary findings regarding the production of surfactin in Bacillus subtilis, which has functions similar to those of bacteriocins. The prerequisite for its potential biotechnological utility is a general characterization of 6S RNA in LAB. Results: We provide a genomic annotation of 6S RNA throughout the Lactobacillales order. It laid the foundation for a bioinformatic characterization of common 6S RNA features. This covers secondary structures, synteny, phylogeny, and product RNA start sites. The canonical 6S RNA structure is formed by a central bulge flanked by helical arms and a template site for product RNA synthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Primate Vaginal Microbiomes Exhibit Species Specificity Without Universal Lactobacillus Dominance
    The ISME Journal (2014) 8, 2431–2444 & 2014 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved 1751-7362/14 www.nature.com/ismej ORIGINAL ARTICLE Primate vaginal microbiomes exhibit species specificity without universal Lactobacillus dominance Suleyman Yildirim1,6, Carl J Yeoman1,7, Sarath Chandra Janga1,8, Susan M Thomas1, Mengfei Ho1,2, Steven R Leigh1,3,9, Primate Microbiome Consortium5, Bryan A White1,4, Brenda A Wilson1,2 and Rebecca M Stumpf1,3 1The Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; 2Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; 3Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA and 4Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA Bacterial communities colonizing the reproductive tracts of primates (including humans) impact the health, survival and fitness of the host, and thereby the evolution of the host species. Despite their importance, we currently have a poor understanding of primate microbiomes. The composition and structure of microbial communities vary considerably depending on the host and environmental factors. We conducted comparative analyses of the primate vaginal microbiome using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of a phylogenetically broad range of primates to test for factors affecting the diversity of primate vaginal ecosystems. The nine primate species included: humans (Homo sapiens), yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus), olive baboons (Papio anubis), lemurs (Propithecus diadema), howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), red colobus (Pilioco- lobus rufomitratus), vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops), mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) and chim- panzees (Pan troglodytes). Our results indicated that all primates exhibited host-specific vaginal microbiota and that humans were distinct from other primates in both microbiome composition and diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Oxygen and Biopreservation As Hurdles to Improve Safety Of
    USING OXYGEN AND BIOPRESERVATION AS HURDLES TO IMPROVE SAFETY OF COOKED FOOD DURING STORAGE AT REFRIGERATION TEMPERATURES By NYDIA MUNOZ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Biological Systems Engineering MAY 2018 © Copyright by NYDIA MUNOZ, 2018 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by NYDIA MUNOZ, 2018 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of NYDIA MUNOZ find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Shyam Sablani, Ph.D., Chair Juming Tang, Ph.D. Gustavo V. Barbosa-Cánovas, Ph.D. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT My special gratitude to my advisor Dr. Shyam Sablani for taking me as one his graduate students and supporting me through my Ph.D. study and research. His guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. At the same time, I would like to thank my committee members Dr. Juming Tang and Dr. Gustavo V. Barbosa-Cánovas for their valuable suggestions on my research and allowing me to use their respective laboratories and instruments facilities. I am grateful to Mr. Frank Younce, Mr. Peter Gray and Ms. Tonia Green for training me in the use of relevant equipment to conduct my research, and their technical advice and practical help. Also, the assistance and cooperation of Dr. Helen Joyner, Dr. Barbara Rasco, and Dr. Meijun Zhu are greatly appreciated. I am grateful to Dr. Kanishka Buhnia for volunteering to carry out microbiological counts by my side as well as his contribution and critical inputs to my thesis work.
    [Show full text]
  • Infective Endocarditis: Identification of Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci from Blood Cultures by Partial 16S Rrna Gene Analysis and by Vitek 2 Examination
    116 The Open Microbiology Journal, 2010, 4, 116-122 Open Access Infective Endocarditis: Identification of Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci from Blood Cultures by Partial 16S rRNA Gene Analysis and by Vitek 2 Examination Rawaa Jalil Abdul-Redha1, Michael Kemp1, Jette M. Bangsborg2, Magnus Arpi2 and Jens Jørgen Christensen1,* 1Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Parasitology, Statens Serum Institut; Department of Clinical Microbiology, 2Herlev University Hospital, *Present address, Slagelse Hospital; Copenhagen, Denmark Abstract: Streptococci, enterococci and Streptococcus-like bacteria are frequent etiologic agents of infective endocarditis and correct species identification can be a laboratory challenge. Viridans streptococci (VS) not seldomly cause contamina- tion of blood cultures. Vitek 2 and partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were applied in order to compare the results of both methods. Strains originated from two groups of patients: 149 strains from patients with infective endocarditis and 181 strains as- sessed as blood culture contaminants. Of the 330 strains, based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing results, 251 (76%) were VS strains, 10 (3%) were pyogenic streptococcal strains, 54 (16%) were E. faecalis strains and 15 (5%) strains be- longed to a group of miscellaneous catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci. Among VS strains, respectively, 220 (87,6%) and 31 (12,3%) obtained agreeing and non-agreeing identifications with the two methods with respect to allocation to the same VS group. Non-agreeing species identification mostly occurred among strains in the contaminant group, while for endocarditis strains notably fewer disagreeing results were observed. Only 67 of 150 strains in the mitis group strains obtained identical species identifications by the two methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Intestinal Microbiota Response and Systemic Effects of Feeding Black Soldier Fly Larvae to Replace Soybean Meal in Growing
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Local intestinal microbiota response and systemic efects of feeding black soldier fy larvae to replace soybean meal in growing pigs Soumya K. Kar1*, Dirkjan Schokker2, Amy C. Harms3,4, Leo Kruijt2, Mari A. Smits2 & Alfons J. M. Jansman1 Black soldier fy (Hermetia illucens; BSF) larvae as dietary protein source have the ability to deliver nutrients and could possess functional properties that positively support animal productivity and health. More knowledge, however, is needed to assess the impact of feeding a BSF based diet on gut and animal health. Sixteen post-weaned male pigs were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for three weeks with iso-caloric and iso-proteinaceous experimental diets prepared with either soybean meal (SBM) as reference protein source or with BSF as single source of dietary protein. At the end of the trial, the pigs were sacrifced to collect relevant digesta, gut tissue and blood samples to study changes induced by the dietary treatments using ~ omics based analyses. Inclusion of BSF in the diet supports the development of the intestinal microbiome that could positively infuence intestinal health. By amine metabolite analysis, we identifed two metabolites i.e. sarcosine and methionine sulfoxide, in plasma that serve as markers for the ingestion of insect based ingredients. BSF seems to possess functional properties indicated by the appearance of alpha-aminobutyric acid and taurine in blood plasma of pigs that are known to induce health benefcial efects. Te search for sustainable alternatives has led to a growing interest in insects as an alternative protein source in diets for farm animals1–4.
    [Show full text]
  • Facklamia Sourekii Sp. Nov., Isolated F Rom 1 Human Sources
    International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (1999), 49, 635-638 Printed in Great Britain Facklamia sourekii sp. nov., isolated f rom NOTE 1 human sources Matthew D. Collins,' Roger A. Hutson,' Enevold Falsen2 and Berit Sj6den2 Author for correspondence : Matthew D. Collins. Tel : + 44 1 18 935 7226. Fax : + 44 1 18 935 7222. e-mail : [email protected] 1 Department of Food Two strains of a Gram-positive catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic Science and Technology, coccus originating from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and University of Reading, Whiteknights, molecular taxonomic methods. The strains were found to be identical to each Reading RG6 6AP, other based on 165 rRNA gene sequencing and constitute a new subline within UK the genus Facklamia. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from * Culture Collection, Facklamis hominis and Facklamia ignava by biochemicaltests and Department of Clinical electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and Bacteriology, University of Goteborg, Sweden phenotypic evidence it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia sourekii sp. nov., the type strain of which is CCUG 28783AT. Keywords : Facklamia sourekii, taxonomy, phylogeny, 16s rRNA The Gram-positive catalase-negative cocci constitute a Gram-positive coccus-shaped organisms, which con- phenotypically heterogeneous group of organisms stitute a third species of the genus Facklamia, Fack- which belong to the Clostridium branch of the Gram- lamia sourekii sp. nov. This report adds to the many positive bacteria. This broad group of organisms new taxa and the diversity of Gram-positive catalase- includes many human and animal pathogens (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • UK SMI ID 4: Identification of Streptococcus Species
    UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations Identification of Streptococcus species, Enterococcus species and morphologically similar organisms This publication was created by Public Health England (PHE) in partnership with the NHS. Identification | ID 4 | Issue no: dh+ | Issue date: dd.mm.yy | Page: 1 of 29 © Crown copyright 2021 Identification of Streptococcus species, Enterococcus species and morphologically similar organisms Acknowledgments UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations (UK SMIs) are developed under the auspices of PHE working in partnership with the National Health Service (NHS), Public Health Wales and with the professional organisations whose logos are displayed below and listed on the website. UK SMIs are developed, reviewed and revised by various working groups which are overseen by a steering committee. The contributions of many individuals in clinical, specialist and reference laboratories who have provided information and comments during the development of this document are acknowledged. We are grateful to the medical editors for editing the medical content. PHE publications gateway number: GOV-8348 UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations are produced in association with: Identification | ID 4 | Issue no: dh+ | Issue date: dd.mm.yy | Page: 2 of 29 UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations | Issued by the Standards Unit, Public Health England Identification of Streptococcus species, Enterococcus species and morphologically similar organisms Contents Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Aerococcus Urinae and Globicatella Sanguinis
    BCI0010.1177/1178626419875089Biochemistry InsightsYu et al 875089research-article2019 Advances in Tumor Virology Aerococcus urinae and Globicatella sanguinis Persist in Volume 12: 1–15 © The Author(s) 2019 Polymicrobial Urethral Catheter Biofilms Examined in Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions Longitudinal Profiles at the Proteomic Level DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1178626419875089 10.1177/1178626419875089 Yanbao Yu1, Tamara Tsitrin1, Shiferaw Bekele1, Vishal Thovarai1, Manolito G Torralba2, Harinder Singh1, Randall Wolcott3, Sebastian N Doerfert4, Maria V Sizova4 , Slava S Epstein4 and Rembert Pieper1 1J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA. 2J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. 3Southwest Regional Wound Care Center, Lubbock, TX, USA. 4Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. ABSTRACT: Aerococcus urinae (Au) and Globicatella sanguinis (Gs) are gram-positive bacteria belonging to the family Aerococcaceae and colonize the human immunocompromised and catheterized urinary tract. We identified both pathogens in polymicrobial urethral catheter biofilms (CBs) with a combination of 16S rDNA sequencing, proteomic analyses, and microbial cultures. Longitudinal sampling of biofilms from serially replaced catheters revealed that each species persisted in the urinary tract of a patient in cohabitation with 1 or more gram-negative uropathogens. The Gs and Au proteomes revealed active glycolytic, heterolactic fermentation, and peptide catabolic energy metabolism pathways in an anaerobic milieu. A few phosphotransferase
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation Into the Influence of a Bacteriocin-Producing Enterococcus Strain on the Intestinal Microflora
    Investigation into the influence of a bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus strain on the intestinal microflora Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften an der Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften der Universität Karlsruhe genehmigte DISSERTATION von Agus Wijaya aus Palembang, Indonesien Referent: Prof. Dr. W.H. Holzapfel Co-Referent: Prof. Dr. W. Zumft Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 02., 3., und 5. 12. 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my respect and appreciation to Prof. W.H. Holzapfel, Director of Institute of Hygiene and Toxicology in the Federal Research Centre for Nutrition (BFE), who has given me a recommendation needed in applying for DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) scholarship. This recommendation has proven to be decisive in joint selection. I am very thankful for the chance he gave me to work in his excellent institute and for always being attentive when I needed his advice. Special thanks to Prof. Dr. W. Zumft for supporting my admission as Ph.D. student at the Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, University of Karlsruhe and for his continued interest. My great gratitude comes to Dr. C.M.A.P. Franz, Head of the Molecular Microbiology Laboratory in BFE, for his dedicatory supervision and uncountable guidance throughout of my doctoral research. It would have been very difficult without his supervision and endless, valuable suggestions. I will always be grateful. I express my thank to Dr. Christian Neudecker who has given me valuable advice and guidance in preparing and implementing the animal experiment. My next round of thanks goes Mrs. Ingrid Specht and Ms. Anja Waldheim who has given me valuable technical assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Microbiocenosis of Canine Dental Bioflms
    Study of Microbiocenosis of Canine Dental Biolms Jana Kačírová University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Aladár Maďari University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Rastislav Mucha Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Lívia K. Fecskeová Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Izabela Mujakic Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Michal Koblížek Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Radomíra Nemcová University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Marián Maďar ( [email protected] ) University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Research Article Keywords: rRNA, solid media, amplicon sequencing, dental caries, periodontal diseases Posted Date: July 15th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-698153/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/17 Abstract Dental biolm is a complex microbial community inuenced by many exogenous and endogenous factors. Despite long-term studies, its bacterial composition is still not clearly understood. While most of the research on dental biolms was conducted in humans, much less information is available from companion animals. In this study, we analyzed the composition of canine dental biolms using both standard cultivation on solid media and amplicon sequencing, and compared the two approaches. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to dene the bacterial community of canine dental biolm with both, culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. After DNA extraction from each sample, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplied and sequenced via Illumina MiSeq platform.
    [Show full text]