The Greater Golden Tourist and Convention Industry Committee

Presents

FOR

GOLDEN, COLORADO

Written And Compiled by Mary Fanning

Assisted by Helen S. Martin

Artist Coordination by Marian Metsopoulos

With Special Acknowledgement to: Adolph Coors Company, Foothills Art Center, Golden Gallery, ii J Golden Landmarks Association, First National Bank of Golden And Treasure Traders Ji -1-

7.011, 020.0s9 The Cover Charles S. Ryland Author and Historian 4 Without the many years of research of Golden's history by Charles Ryland this book would not have been possible. Charles S. Ryland has lived in Golden since he was five years old. He is a CONTENTS graduate of the University of Denver and started working as a chemist in the Porcelain plant of the Coors Brewing Co. He was Sales Manager there and has now retired from Coors. During the war he served four years in the U.S. Navy. His interests are Colorado history, especially railroads and that of Golden, Colo. where he resides. Other hobbies are photography A History of Golden 5 and period printing. He has one of the largest collections of old type faces, wood cuts and similar material in the State. On a vacation trip with his family in 1960 to Europe he visited many old type foundries and returned with more items for his collection. Colorful Characters and Events 19

,e7 About the Cover The Railroad 25 The old and new mingle freely, accurately describing Colorado's most historic city --- Golden. Days of the past are recalled when '0' Golden was "Gateway to the Gold Fields," cowboys were kings, tc) buffalo grazed on the open range and Buffalo Bill was delighting r Canyons 31 crowds with his Wild West Shows. Today, Golden is the gateway to the mountains where skiers and snowmobilers run the slopes in winter, and in the summer quaking Artists Aspen trees shade mountain canyons. Golden, home of Adolph Coors Company, The Colorado School of Mines, Foothills Art Mining and The Colorado School Of Mines 37 .c) Center and The Colorado Railroad Museum, is truly a historic town Jann Eiland Burnett - "Guggenheim Hall" where the West remains. Virginia Cobb - "Entrance to Lariat Trail" yl Designer ofthe cover,MarcBarrios. FerdinandEberwein, Lois Cowley - "Castle Rock" 15 Illustrator. Photos Courtesy of Richard Ronzio, R. Jersild, Adolph Pat Denton - "Grist Stone" The History of Coors Golden Beer 45 Coors Company and membersoftheGolden Chamber of Linda Endris - "Castle Rock" Commerce. Doris Hutson - "First Presbyterian Church" Norma John - "Table Mountains", "Old Panner", and "Scared Heart Statue" Jackie McFarland - "Golden City", "Astor House", Where The West Remains 55 "Skier", "Clear Creek Tunnel" and "Red Rocks" Margaret Rowland - "Hampton House" Hal Shelton - "The Armory" Photo Album 61 Betty A. Tidwell - "Railroad Locomotive" D.B. Williamson - "Saloon Scene" and "The Welch Ditch"

Things To Do, Places To Go 65

s. This book is published by 5 John Waddell Press, Den- Map of Area 67 ver, Colorado. Copyrighted 1977 Golden Chamber of !?, Commerce, Golden, Colo- rado. Golden Today 80 4 Pictures from collections of Richard Ronzio, Georgia Miller, Golden Pioneer Museum, Adolph Coors Company, First Federal 4 eI fp Savings & Loan of Golden and the Denver Public Library.

40.,:tilr.°460 k75 Photography by Art Owen and Mary Fanning. 1(1,,

Poetry by Robert Ransome, Deputy State Public Defender. 4 Robert livesinGolden with his wife, Martha and their three daughters. -2- -3- Golden City

Though this valleyismentionedinwritten attracted astampedeofprospectors,miners, historyfirst in 1843,archeaologicalevidence settlers, hangers-on, and adventurers to the valley. indicates Indian tribes had been passing through "Golden City" prospered rapidly and in 1862 became and camping in the vicinity for thousands of years. the capital of Colorado Territory, a distinction lost to "Golden City" was founded along the banks of Denver only five years later. Golden is a scene in Vasquez Fork (now Clear Creek) in 1859. Gold had itselfin Colorado's history. Indians touringpartiespassedby and Arapahoe fromIndiana,having camped at the site of Golden but in previously mined in California TheHistoryof"GoldenCity" There is little specific mention of 1858 there were no permanent 1850-54. John Gregory met Wall Indians in connection with the city. residents at or near Golden. In the and told him of his small find of Utes, Arapahoes and Cheyennes fallof 1858 at the startof the gold near Black Hawk in February. By Charles S. Ryland were in the vicinity. Richard Broad "Pikes Peak" excitement a settle- But he was discouraged because quotes old timers as saying that ment was laid out by a George B. he had no money or provisions. D. K. Wall agreed to grubstake Greg- 39° 45 ft. 19 in. North Latitude ically and socially this is not true. Directly to the west of Golden is the Arapahoes shunned the site Allen, Samuel Curtis and others at the site of some placer diggings ory; Gregory then setoffto 105° 13 ft. 17 in. West Longitude at It is not typical for a Golden wage theFront Range oftheRocky and held some great fear of the spot though no one seemed to two miles east of Golden, which discover the Gregory lode, which 5690 feet above mean sea level on earner to live in Golden and work in Mountains,withMt.Zionand would begin the "Rushtothe Denver. More people come into Mountainformingthe know thereason.Theywould bore the name of Arapahoe Bar. the banks of Vasquez Fork (now Lookout Rockies." ClearCreek)liesthecityof Golden to work than leave Golden western border of the town. These approach and look into the basin but would not enterit.Inlater Arapahoe Bar Golden, Colorado. to work in Denver each day. mountains consist of gneiss and Golden City Is Born It is not an easy task to establish Golden has several manufactur- schist of the Pre -Cambrian (Old- years (1880-1890) Indians would and hold foot and pony races on a flat John Gregory the locationof Golden without ing plants and the clay mining est) Period. George Jackson, Tom Golden acitivity. With the exception of the East of Golden clay and shale of area near the mouth of the canon. reference to its neighbor 15 miles and a man named Saunders were to the east whose tentacles reach brickyard and the clay company, the Arapahoe -Denver formation are Arapahoe Bar reached a maxi- mum population of 250 in 1859 but camping on the site of Golden and outhungrily.Independent com- none of them are dependent upon capped with a basaltic lava which Vasquez and Clear Creek declined rapidly after the settle- prospecting as the weather would munities such as Goldenhave Denver for a large portion of their flowed from a dike near Ralston Reservoir on Ralston Creek. Speci- Mention is made in the records ment of Golden. Richard Broad allow during the 1858-59 winter. In resisted efforts to bestow upon business. Golden probably has a December they set out to the west them civic blessings of abundant higher ration of manufacturers to mens of zeolite minerals occuring of the Major Long expedition of writing in the Colorado Transcript quotes Allen as stating in 1859 that and came upon a herd of elk near water, taxes, and the privilege of population than does Denver. Thus incavitiesin the lava are world 1820 of "Cannonball" creek, later famous and nearly all representa- to be known as Vasquez Fork, and there were over 100 buildings. But Bergen Park. Golden and someone connecting to an overloaded sewer Golden is not tied economically to named "Black Hawk" (Saunders Denver as closely asare most tivecollectionsexhibitcrystals finally by its present name of Clear Broad says that since this was system. Putting aside facetious- had gone elsewhere) were distract- ness there are real advantages to suburbs. from Golden. The minerals found Creek. Louis Vasquez was a well before prohibition, conditions may havemagnifiedhispowersof ed by so much game and returned closemetropolitancooperation. The reason for the stress upon areanalcite,chabazite,thomp- known mountain man of French- observation. Contemporary reports to camp with food. Jackson went Residents of the areas surrounding the "separateness" of Golden from sonite, sodalite and some others. Canadian origin who built a trading These lava caps are erosion rem- post at the junction of Clear Creek give 30 as the number of buildings. on to Chicago Creek where he Denver are proud of her position Denver is as the attorneys say "to made his discovery ofgold on and accomplishments. The fact establish a line of reasoning,"-to nants and form the characteristic and the Platte River. During the Both Gregory and Jackson were Table Mountains with the picture- 1830's, 1840's and 1850's, a num- residents of Arapahoe Bar. Early in January 7, 1859. remains that the development of commit to your mind the idea that David K. Wall moved in 1859 up sque Castle Rockrisingabove ber ofexploratory,hunting and 1859,DavidK. Wallcameto Golden has been deeply affected the hiskiry of Golden is a scene in the valley from Arapahoe and set byintercityrivalry.On several itself and not merely a side detail Golden. Those of you who have visited up a tent north of Clear Creek. He occasions plans put forth by one in the broad mural that is Denver. cultivated and irrigated some land have been thwarted by zealous Golden frequently may have no- ticed the vertical cuts of the clay and raised a nice crop of vegeta- adherentsoftheothertothe bles in the summer of 1859. This probable detriment of both. In The Beginning pits within the city limits and also observed the fact that while the activity impressed William Byers Geographically Golden might at of the Rocky Mountain News who in typical Front Range hogbacks are this time be considered a suburb of Let us now lose ourselves hailed the achievement as a great retrospective thought as I take you seen to the north and south of Denver since thereis now little step forward. open land between them. Econom- back to the eons of creation. Golden there are none at Golden. AlsoatGoldenbeforeJune This is because there was a great Ferrell who earth fault (movement) at Golden 1859, was John M. 1470WASHINGTON AVE., built atollbridge across Clear GOLDEN, COLO. of over a mile in length. This fault folded up the sediments and left Creek where Washington Avenue them vertical and fortunately easy crosses it. Charles H. Judkins also arrived in Golden on June 3rd and to mine. lived in Golden until he died in the 1920's. "Pikes Peak Fever" was spread- Climate JOHN H. GREGORY was a coarse ing epidemically by March 1859. featured man with red hair and beard. An infected group met at Mechan- Itwill be sufficient to say that He was a very colorful man with a the climate of Golden is unusually vocabularytomatch.Mr.Gregory, ics Hall March 3, 1859 in Boston while being Illiterate, managed to and formed the Mechanics Mining salubrious due in part to the fact complete some dealsthatdemon- thatthefewhundredfeetof strated his shrewdness. A driving & Trading Co. with subscriptions blizzardforcedMr.Gregory outof of $2064. They proceeded west to increased altitudeis enough to Gregory Gulch before he could confirm escape the haze and heavyair his stake, and he did not return until Bellemont, Kansas, the railhead, May 6, 1859. That was to be the first and set out in late March. On June occasionally seen over Denver.It Lode discovered in Colorado, at a point must be admitted that the frequent known as the Gregory diggings, then 12, 1859, they arrivedin Golden MountainCity, halfwaybetween under the leadership of George abundance of fresh air at Golden present day Blackhawk andCentral West, wagonmaster. An early postcard of Golden, probably around 1900. might be termed wind! City. The gold rush was on. -6- -7- The Boston Company inthe two-story log building, with George West's George West printing shop and newspaper "The Western Mountain- George West's group, meanwhile had changed their eer" on the second floor. name to the "Boston Company." "The Western Mountaineer" published from Decem- principals of the Boston Stereotype Foundry. After The members were George West, President, James ber 27, 1859 through December 20, 1860, was a lively operating "The Mountaineer" for a year, he did some newspaper.Itscolumns contain many interesting McDonald, L. Panton, Mark L. Blunt, J. McIntyre, J. H. Golden City to Golden, the City of freighting, and joined the Union cause as a Captain. He items revealing the vigorous life on the frontier. served well, and after the war, returned to Golden and Bird and Walter Pollard. Their first night in Golden was The Golden Opportunity spent south of Clear Creek near the present School of George West, editor and publisher of "The Western founded the "Colorado Transcript." For brief periods in Mountaineer" was an enterprising journalist and a 1859 and in 1865, he worked for Wm. Byers on the Mines athletic field. The commonly accepted theory as to the origin of great lover of jokes. One of these jokes is reported in Rocky Mountain News. "The Colorado Transcript" is Other prominent residents known to have been in the the name Golden City, later changed officially in 1872 Alice Polk Hill's "Tales of the Colorado Pioneers." It city during June, 1859 and who had a part in the town's to Golden, is that it was named for Thomas Golden. a the oldest continuously operated business in Golden, seems that in 1860 one local secessionist took offense and Colorado's oldest continuously issued newspaper, founding were: D. K. Wall, J. M. Ferrell, W. A. H. miner and merchant. I presumetoquestionthe at a remark in the paper made about him by General now the Golden Daily Transcript. Loveland, Fox Diefendorf, Dr.I.A. Hardy, John F. assumption. So far as I have been able to determine no West. Fired up withindignation and whiskey, he Kirby, T. P. Boyd, Ensign B. Smith, J. C. Bowles, J. B. direct evidence exists to prove or disprove the legend. challenged West to a fight. Realizing his condition, William Loveland Fitzpatrick. W. J. McKay, George Jackson, C. Jerome Smiley,in one volume (1903) saysitwas West agreed, Remington, Dan McCleery and P. B. Cheney. but suggested a formal duelto be named for Tom Golden and later (1913) in another, says handled through seconds in a proper manner. Bowie The town of Golden City was organized by the it was not. In 1859 Tom Golden set up a store in Golden Perhaps the most tireless booster of Golden was Boston Company, D. K. Wall, J. M. Ferrel, J. C. Kirby, Gate and in running for office in 1859 was soundly William Austin Hamilton Loveland.BorninMas- J. C. Bowles, Mrs. Williams. W. A. H. Loveland, H. J. defeated in Golden. The "Western Mountaineer" refers sachusetts, he lived in Illinois and served in the Army Carter, E. B. Smith, Wm. Davidson, Stanton & Clark, F. to him once and carried an advertisement for the during the Mexican War, and was wounded seriously. Beebee and E. L. Berthoud. This took place June 18, Golden Gate store. In a brief recapitulation of the local He was in California for 2 years, during the early 1859. history in 1860, it does not refer to him. The name of 1850's. Arriving in Golden in June of 1859, he started a Golden City never appears with the possessive form, store on Washington Avenue. He built the first road up Clear Creek, and began agitation for a railroad to the Golden's First Building which might have (but not necessarily) been used ifit were considered Golden's city. mines. He organized and became president of the The town area was 1280 acres. F. W. Beebee laid out Colorado Central Railroad. He had considerable mining In view of the enthusiastic seizure of the townsite in property, and for nine years 1878-1887, owned the the town and the survey completed by Cap't. Berthoud which to set up their store and colony by the Boston Rocky Mountain News. A prominent Democrat, he was in1860. The Boston Company builtat10th and Company, it is my view that the site was considered as Washington the firstbuilding, T.P. Boyd the first a city of golden opportunity. The fact that St. Charles, a candidate for governor against F. W. Pitkin, and residence at 11th and Washington, and W. A.H. against N. P. Hill for senator, but lost both races. At now a part of Denver, had already been named Golden one time he was a county commissioner in Lovelandthefirststorebuildingon Washington City (until changed in Oct. 9, 1858) suggests that its three Avenue. appropriateness as a town name was appreciated by 59'ers. Richard Broad mentions that Golden did not Prosperity Reigns own a lot in Golden and his name does not appear on the rolls of the Golden City Town Company. Until some Golden City was a prosperous community, particu- record or document appears to prove the origin of the larly for the merchants. A saw mill could scarcely cut name, there is no real evidence either way. There is enough lumber for the many buildings and homes also the possibility that the name was selected with being erected. The Boston Company operated a store both considerations in mind.

George "Give 'em Hell- West led the Boston Company Into the valley of Golden on June 12,1859. West founded the Colorado Transcript, now the Golden Daily Transcript knives were chosen as the weapons and one party was to stand on the south edge of North Table Mtn. and the other on the north edge of South Table Mtn., and fight across the chasm. As the offended party was by then sober, they concluded the matter over a drink without bloodshed. Many of his articles are quite humorous in the style of his day.In 1860 the paper had two nationally known journalists who operated the paper themselves for a time when West went East for a time. These men were A. D. Richardson and T. W. Knox, who were also corespondents of New York and Boston papers. Both became famous as reporters in the Civil War. George West was bornin New Hampshire and W.A.H. Loveland built the first road up Clear Creek and is best known for his railroad became an apprentice printer in Boston and one of the ventures. Loveland pass is named for the famous Golden resident. -8 - -9- School And Theatre The population of Golden de- Manufacturing and Tourists, Too Coal Mining clined by 42% from 1860 to 1870. Returning to the Golden of 1859, Things apparently went very well Because of Clear Creek's supply As mentioned previously,the we find the residents establishing from 1859 through 1863, but were ofwater andpower,abundant clay deposits in and near Golden, thefirstschool,which opened in poor shape until about 1870. The supplies of coal, and nearby lime, have been operated continuously January 1860, with Prof. Thomas lack of capital 1863-1869 is seen in clay and sandstone deposits,it since thefirstmonths oftheir Doughtery instructing 18 students. that while the first railroad to be was expected Golden Would de- existence until today, and are not A grand ball was held to celebrate organized in Colorado was Gold - velop as a manufacturing city. This yet exhausted. The George Parfet the completion of a great half year. en's "Colorado Central,"itcould did to some extent come to pass. Estate, and the Rubey Clay Co. The first theatrical performance of not raise enough money to build There have been potteries, brick- have operated the largepitsin Madame Haydee, and her sisters, and operate until 1870. yards and ceramic plants in Golden Golden. Other ceramic plants now took place thefirstweek of from the earliest years. For some gone are the Gjeisbeek Pottery, January, 1860. The first Masonic Golden Loses to Denver years during the 1880's, a paper makers of stoneware and good meeting in Golden was held Feb. mill operated. For a short time an chinaware, the Cambria Brick and 22, 1860. The Odd Fellows Lodge Goldenforatime,seriously iron foundry smelted bog -iron ore. Tile Co., Curry's brickyard, and the was organizedin1871.W.L. rivaledDenver astheseatof The paper mill and the glass Castle Rock brickyard. Douglas opened a shoe store and Colorado's government. The proc- factory made good starts, but one For many years coal was mined cobblers shop in the 1860's, and lamationestablishingJefferson factor and possibly the most in Golden from two shafts of the The White Ash Coal Mine later went on to found a shoe Territorywaspublishedinthe important one was the effect of the White Ash coal mine. On Sept. 9, factorywhichbecame agreat "Mountaineer,"aswellasthe development of rapid and cheap 1889, one of the levels of the mine industry. "Rocky Mountain News," then the transportationbyrailfromthe under Clear Creek flooded and , 7-'nTci4BA..-ioGiliG only papers in the territory. At the East. Preferential rates from east seven miners were drowned. The "Poorer" Times establishmentofColoradoTer- to west dumped cheap eastern HistoricalGolden ritory in 1861, the first legislature goods inthe area, and local Newsworthy The decade 1860-1870 in Golden met in Deriver, and Colorado City industry could not compete. Cir- 1843 Mentioned by Rufus Sage,reportedin was a period of a curious mixture was chosen as the capital.' --The cumstances favored some prod- "The Western Mountaineer" and Vasquez Fork (Clear Creek). of optimism, expansion, frustra- second legislature met in Colorado ucts, but not others. Survival of the "Colorado Transcript" were the firstnewspapers established in b tion, accomplishment, disappoint- N City in 1862 and chose _Golden as some is based upon a good local 1858 George Jackson, Tom Golden and Jim ment and general confusion. The the capital. The third, fourth, fifth; market, others upon a superior Golden.In1872 the "Golden Sanders camped on the site of Golden City discovery of and exploitation of the and sixth legislatures -metin product, having high valuein Globe" was begun by Ed. Howe, for the winter. mineral values provoked great 'Golden. The fifth and sixth legisla- relation to weight. and sold to Wm. G. Smith in 1877. Mr. Howe went to Atchison, Kan- hopes, but the start of the War tures met in the Loveland Building, Most of the contemporary ac- 1859 The Boston Company founded the City as a Between the States had avery later called the Koenig Building, countsbefore1870stressthe sas and became famous as the mercantile center. restraining effect upon Colorado's which still stands at the Northwest pioneer life and the resourceful- "Sage of Potato Hill." The "Globe" was succeeded by the "Jefferson economy. There was a general lack Corner of 12th St. and Washington ness of the settlers against primi- 1859 David Wall, vegetable farmer, first used County Republican" which ceased of capital in Colorado at the time it Avenue. A plaque has been placed tive conditions. Accounts of the irrigation for produce. was most needed. The area was far here by the Colorado Historical 1875-1890 period change their ap- publication about 1947. Today the in proach and point out how civilized "Colorado Transcript" and the removed from the scene of com- Society. The seventh session 1860 Golden City boasted 700 residents, became mercial activity and the develop- 1867 was the last to convene in and well developed the area is, and "Golden Outlook" publish and the Church Extension Service operates county seat of Jefferson County, Colorado ment of communication between Men and adjourned to Denver. how safe for tourists. Territory. the East and West was retarded by This session named Denver as the a good sized specialized printing plant. some years. capital, finally. 1860 E.L. Berthoud, road builder, discovered Movies, Too coal, a badly needed commodity.

The first movie house in Golden 1862-1867 Capitol, Colorado Territory. was operated by the Bensons in the Christian Church on 10th St., 1870 Colorado Central Railroad establishedin between Washington and Jackson Golden. Sts. Another house was started at 13th and Washington. Small shops now occupy the building. 1871 Golden incorporated, legislature authorized dropping "City" from its name. Into the Future 1873 Coors-Schueler Brewery established. Golden has completed 118 years ofits existencein1977 and 1874 Colorado School of Mines established. appears healthy and progressive. It isdifficult to predictitsfuture, 1879Golden boasted 5 smelters, 3 brickworks, 6 though it will probably maintain its coal mines, 3 flour mills, 2 breweries. identity for the years to come. -10- -11- The Oldest Stone The Hotel In Colorado foothills -BUILT IN- art Caiter ASTOR RIMB 110TRIe 1087

-.&"-....0111.411--,944114-

The building which houses the Foothills Art Center these cultural programs and the increasing interest in today was for many years the meeting place for the the Annual Golden Sidewalk Watercolor Show, plans First Presbyterian Church of Golden. This church, as were made to convert the building into a community art well as othersinthe Rocky Mountain area,was center. founded by the colorful circuit -riding missionary, The Foothills Art Center was incorporated on April 19, Reverend Sheldon Jackson. The church building was 1968. A renovation program began with the donation of dedicated on June 16, 1872. Today, this building is the materials by merchants, and time and effort given by Ronald Waelchli Western Gallery and the south half of artists and other interested people. By July, the Center the Main Gallery. The red -orange bricks on the exterior was ready to display the winning art work from the were manufactured locally. The foundation, buttresses Golden Sidewalk Watercolor Show which the Center and window sills were made of hand-hewn sandstone. co -sponsored with the Golden Chamber of Commerce. Eight of the beautiful original stained-glass windows On August 3, 1968, the Center was officially opened. Except for prehistoric Indian buildings the Astor The hotel functioned while the first legislature and remain at Foothills Art Center today. Several additions Foothills Art Center, a non-profit organization,is House is the oldest stone building in Colorado.Itis supreme court were in session next door. The 1866 & over the years have enlarged the Gothic -style building. supported by classes, memberships, donations and also Colorado's oldest remaining hotel from the 1860's. 1867 "Transcripts" describe the hotel as "handsome" Services were held continuouslyinthe church gallery sales.Itis unique because itis a living art The style of the buildingis identified as plain or built in the "Grand Style" and undoubtedly the best in building until 1958 when the congregation moved to centerintheFoothills Region where peopleare frontierGeorgian.In bothstyleandsystemof Colorado. It is certain early legislators and jurors used larger quarters., The Unitarians leased the building for a continually participating in exciting art happenings. construction there is no older or better example in the the hotel as their residence. The old hotel began its time, and it became a cultural center for art shows, Variety is apparent in the art classes being offered and entire state. Golden has no other hotel dating back over second century of existence in 1967. It now houses the workshops, and classes. Because of the popularity of in the ever-changing exhibits at the Center. a century. Golden Chamber of Commerce office. -12- -13- The Cobblestone Armory Red Rocks

The formations here were laid down nearly 300 backwards. The one rock which resembles a ship, in million years ago. Geologically they are part of the, shape,is named "Ship Rock", and the huge rock "Red Beds" of the Rocky Mountains.Dinosaurs, opposite it, on the other side of the theatre is named Stegosaurs and many other extinct animals lived here "Creation Rock", each one higher than Niagara Falls. when this area was a large sea. This great natural theatre looks out over a breath -taking The first historical reference to the Red Rocks, was 200 -mile panorama of many -hued plains toward made by F. V. Hayden in 1869, when he made a Denver, 15 miles away. The Red Rocks Theatre, once geological reconnaissance from Cheyenne, Wyoming listed by geographers among the Seven Wonders of the to Santa Fe, New Mexico. World,has now become worldfamousforits Great sandstone ledges that form the sides of the distinguished musical and cultural events. The natural perfect open-air theatre were pushed up by slow earth acoustic qualities are comparable to the ancient Greek movements from a prehistoric ocean bottom. The Theatre at Taormina in Sicily, where 20,000 people can fantastically beautiful Red Rocks Theatre is a dramatic conveniently hear the natural voice. "record book of the ages", carrying the spectators back At one time, John Walker ,well-known financier and millions of years as they gaze at the towering red editor, owned the whole area of the Park of the Red sandstone rocks standing guard over her majestic Rocks. His keen imagination looked into the future and natural theatre. Laid down 250 million years ago, in and saw the wonders that would be, as he dreamed of its out of the sea many times, here geologists find an becoming a great musical theatre for the world to incredible tale of prehistoric times. Nearby dinosaur enjoy. tracks tell of the Jurassic period of 160 million years In September 1929 the City began work on a scenic ago. Fossil fragments of the giant 40 -foot sea serpent, drive through Red Rocks. But the Depression stopped Pleisosaur; the marine reptile, Mossaur; and flying all work for a time.In 1935 the same Depression reptiles intrigue students of ancient lore. sparked the program through federally financed labor Some rocks slope as much as 90°:otherstilt in C.C.C. camps.

(.'/Ifv;fii.f1-s1-

c.

go01111111111111

.

fayState., TI_

The ARMORY building was from 1913-1971 just what the stones was made from 5500 sacks of cement and its name signifies, a Colorado National Guard 1,000 cubic yards of sand. The rocks are stream worn ARMORY, with barracks, a messhall, study rooms and boulders from Clear Creek and the quartz from Golden of course, the tower for observation and map making. Gate Canyon. It was predicted at the commencement Through the years,it also housed the Golden Post of construction that the walls would collapse before Office, a photographic supply store and the American the building was completed. Upon completion, Women's League, a non-profit corporation. It has also however, these "ex -prophets" of doom insisted that been closely associated with the Colorado School of these walls would stand 1,000 years or more. It seems Mines military department and fraternity activities. to be well on its way. The Armory is reputed to be the largest cobblestone The ARMORY Limited Partnership purchased the building in the United States. 3300 wagonloads of building from the State of Colorado in August, 1971, cobblestones aggregating 6600 tons were usedin rescuing it from a possible tragic end, that of being constructing the building. The mortar used in laying torn down. -14- -15- Bmu nu Memorial Museum The Si and Grave Tread In The Footsteps Of Mother Cabrini... Buffalo Bill has become the symbol for the westward assumed responsibility for operation of the museum movement. When one thinks of him, one also thinks of for about twenty-five years until her own death. Since America's First Citizen Saint the Pony Express, the Army scout, the buffalo hunter, that time, the museum has been the property of the be reached from exits 57 and 58. The Stations of the City and County of Denver and maintained as one of its Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini was born of holy and the cowboy, the Indian fighter and the showman. virtuous parents in the town of Sant' Angelo, Italy, in Cross and the Mysteries of the Rosary adorn the sides William F. Cody was born in 1846 in Iowa. When he Mountain Parks. of the stairway leading to the Statue of the Sacred Exhibits based around BuffaloBill's Wild West the year of 1850. Guided by divine grace she led a most was seven years old his family moved to Leavenworth, austere life and sought the closest union with God Heart. For the convenience of pilgrims, artistic terra Kansas, through which pioneers passed on their way show, including a saddle, guns and costumes used by even from her earliest years. She twice attempted to cotta benches are placed at intervals throughout the west. He himself traveled west with wagon trains and Mr. Cody, are permanent attractions in the main room enter the religious life, but because of delicate health stairway and around the foundation of the Sacred then rode for the Pony Express (1860-61), completing of the museum. Colorful Wild West posters, which Heart. one of the longest rides on record at age fifteen. He advertised the show, and items used by the Indians she was not accepted. Upon the request of the Bishop who appeared in the show are also exhibited. of Lodi, she took charge of a Home for Orphans and fought for a time with the Seventh Kansas Cavalry in managed affairs with such wisdom and skill that he the Civil War and later scouted for the U.S. Cavalry on Other exhibits outline William Cody's exicting and urged her to found a new religious congregation. She the plains in several campaigns against Indians. He varied life. They cover his boyhood in Iowa and Kansas, accepted the task courageously and institutedthe soon gained the reputation of a courageous individual the Pony Express, buffalo hunting, scouting for the with a sharp eye, a good memory for terrain and Army, his first venture into show business and Buffalo Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart in 1880 at the Chapel of Our Lady of Grace in Codogno. Bill's Wild West. unusual endurance. He was highly praised by all the Pope Leo XIII turned her attention to America, where generals he served and even received the Medal of a vast number of Italians had immigrated to escape Honor for one encounter with a band of Indians. His want at home only to suffer privation abroad. Mother last employment as scout was in 1876. Cabrini gave herself gladly and vigorously to their help, It can be said that Buffalo Bill's show business thereby abandoning her hope to do missionary work in career began in January of 1872 when he was chosen China. She crossed the Atlantic twenty-four times and by General Phillip H. Sheridan to help plan entertain- traveledthelength and breadthofthe Americas ment for the Grand Duke Alexis visiting here from everywhere erecting schools and hospitals. Even in the Russia on a goodwill mission. Cody picked the camp most trying circumstances, she never withdrew her site on Red Willow Creek in Nebraska, arranged for mind from heavenly things. The course of her holy life Spotted Tail's band of Sioux to join the festivities, and terminated in Chicago on December 22, 1917. Later her served as guide to the royal party. body was transferred to New York. Pope Pius XI In the fall of that year, Cody tried his hand at acting declared her Blessed, November 13, 1939 and on July in a play called "Scouts of the Prairie", written by Ned 7, 1946 Pope Pius XII canonized her, thus giving the Buntline, famous dime novelist. In 1873, Cody formed necessary ecclesiastic approbation for public venera- his own stage troupe, usually billed as the "Buffalo Bill tion. Combination." It toured the United States during the In 1912 Mother Cabrini visited the site which is now winters-its last season being 1882-1883. known as THE MOTHER CABRINI SHRINE. The trip to BuffaloBill'sWildWest,intendedtobe an the Mt. of the Sacred Heart, was made on a burro that educational and historic presentation of Western life, refused to go any further. While the burro was resting, gave its first performance in 1883. During its thirty-year Mother Cabrini, selecting white rocks scattered history, people like Annie Oakley, Sitting Bull, and nearby, fashioned the image of a heart in honor of the Buck Taylor could be counted among itsstars.It Sacred Heart. The rocks remain exactly where she toured the United States and parts of Canada and made placed them.Having descendedthehill,Mother several successful trips to Europe. Cabrini stopped to rest where the Spring water is drawn Following the auctioning of the show properties in today. Inspired by dauntless faith and trust in God, she 1913, Buffalo Bill became the star attraction of the pointed to a rock with her staff and told the sister who Sells-Floto Circus, owned by Harry Tammen, co- had accompanied her to dig and she would find water. owner of the Denver Post. He spent his last season in Her confidence in God was rewarded by an unfailing show business with the "Miller and Arlington Wild source of spring water. West Show Co." The original grotto which had been built in 1929 was William Cody died in Denver at his sister's home in replaced by a modernistic chapelin 1959.It has a January 1917. seating capacity of 100. The Mother Cabrini Shrine is NAGajath,,,_ The building housing the BuffaloBillMemorial visited annually by thousands of pilgrims from the 77 Museum was completed in 1921. Johnny Baker, the States and also from foreign countries. A four foot founder of the museum and collector of most of its THE STATUE OF THE SACRED HEART statue of the saint graces the altar where hundreds of The statue was sculptured by Italian artists and imported from Italy. The base stands items, was a close friendofBuffaloBill and an priests offer holy Mass while visiting the Shrine. 11 feet high, the statue is 22 feet high, making total height from the ground of 33 feet. important member of Buffalo Bill's Wild West show. It stands in front of the image of the Sacred Heart fashioned by Mother Cabrini from Traveling Hwy. 40 to 170 from Golden, the shrine can the quartz rocks taken from the ground surrounding the statue In the year 1912. Following Mr.Baker's deathin1931,Mrs.Baker LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN -16- -17- 4-1ERITFIGE SQ,I1RRE

Located in Golden, at the knees of the mountains, under an old wooden trestle bridge, you follow the the Square sat as a kind of ghost town for almost 15 boardwalk up the main street. The shopkeepers are years. First conceived as an amusement park, the young, enthusiastic, and hospitable. The quality of project failed. The lovely setting was left to die until their craftismore important than assemblyline Woodmoor Corporation breathed life into the Square. production and volume selling. You are guaranteed New edifices were erected with the idea in mind that perfection and uniqueness in every purchase. There is Heritage Square would be the ideal spot for artists and always something new, something different, and the craftsmen to work,teach,andselltheir goods. productisofrareartistrynot foundincluttered Restoration of the fragmented buildings, a little paint, department stores. a lot of landscaping, a little promotion, and a gathering Discovery at the Artisan Center is more than fine art of glassblowers, painters, candlestick makers, jewel- forsale.Ifyou areinterestedin professional ers, and artists of every persuasion turned the ghost instructionin any of the fine arts or crafts,in an park into a vital, thriving community in a very short atmosphere that teems with creativity, the Heritage time. Early morning sounds of a weaver's loom, pottery Square Artisan Center will teach you everything from being shaped, the artist's brush, the sculptor's chisel, basic skills to master work. the actors rehearsing in the Opera House, feasts being Everyone likes melodrama. Like the ladies' soap preparedattheRailroadCompany,allsuggest opera or a classic tragedy, the melodrama deals with Heritage Square might need a footnote to its welcome villainy. Difference is: the hero is always blonde, tall sign: "Artists at Work." and has sparkling teeth; and the villain has a black Highways 6 and 40 west take you to Heritage Square. mustache, black cloak, black hat, and a black heart. Theparkingisample;thescenery,divine.No Heritage Square has its own melodrama company, and admission and no parking fee. Just enjoy. Entering they are superb players.

CIO® I illi, lilI

-18- 9, 4,-amow, cdelilallo e.604IGWo el&PIG1- \ ci(61410T\ ealiliZ\o c,(04IGWo eofebl(0 C4'&01( a How the Red Rocks Were Christened The Ford Gambling Tent Thereis a charming, but not authenticated, story of the chris- In the spring of 1859, tents went up rapidly to serve as stores and a tening of the area which surrounds the Red Rocks Theatre. On July 4, lodgingplacesuntilpermanent 1870, a group of pioneers(itis structures could be built. In June, said) from the town of Mt. Morri- 1859, the Ford brothers joined with a -76 son nestled in Bear Creek Canon, Edward Chase and Edward McClin- undertook a "Champagne March" tock in a joint business enterprise in a large tent located on the corner a to the Red Rocks. There Judge Luther of Mt. Morrison delivered ti of Ford & 12th. The Ford Brothers the christening address which 6 were well-known gamblers of the endedonthisnote:"We the day.Chase,a"sportingman," a conducted theatres and gaming assembled citizens of Bear Creek 5 and vicinity, hereby christen thee 6 houses and McClintock was in- the "Garden of the Angels:" and volved in horse racing. accursed be he or they that Their gambling business was changeth thy name." Thispro- carried on in the group's large tent nouncement did not have any great during the various other weekdays, effect. People from that day for- but on Sundays thelargetent ward called the area the Park of the a converted into a church. Settlers Red Rocks, or as itis known the sat on whiskey kegs, listening to world over now: The Red Rocks the itinerant preacher, and singing Theatre. (This storyis from the a the best loved hymns of the day. a Denver Public Library.)

:.91)0Qeo c\t_914Q))"o cc,91N1@i,z \tD14QPo CcD1,1@)," Cc91,1@ihiUIM()/\C..911 c\tDOOP Golden's cWaPIGWD c.l&M®.W c/&imiGo c.ealuiGv c4 -6(41z clime twi®*\_ c&101®Iv c.(z&INIG,;((aliGNv Excelsior Boys Fire and Hook & Ladder & Hose could be stopped and backed down Cheney's Saloon on Companies hadtheirmachines for the last fireman." Washington Avenue To The Rescue! loaded on the cars and in just one Fire, the scourge of all mining hour and thirty minutes thereafter Gulch of Gold, An eighty -foot pole with a flag camps, devastated Central City in were in Central City, battling with Caroline Bancroft pp259-260 billowing in the breeze marked the 1874. Itis said that Golden had a the flames. Our people, one and all "The telegraph took the news camp's mostpopular gathering brand new pumper fire truck which return to these brave men all their promptly to neighboring towns and spot-a square front, frame build- had never been used. When the call gratitude. Further remarks in this allrushedtosendhelp. The ing. Miners dubbed the establish- ti for help came in, Golden's Excel- regard in our next issue." "Excelsior Boys" of Golden loaded ment Cheney's Corner, and came sior Boys broke all records getting their fire engine on a flat car hauled here to have their gold dust to Central, only to watch the City May 22, 1874 by a locomotive and ordered the "weighed up" and have a drink in burn to the ground forlack of "How they managed to get here engineer to make his best possible the process. Selection of the site water. in the incredibly short time given in time to Black Hawk. The engineer had been a wise one byP.B. ourfirstarticle,isamystery, broke allrecords. When they 3 Cheney, as the saloon was located From the Daily Central Register unless it be accounted for by the arrived, the firemen ran on foot the where the miners passed to and May 21, 1874 fact that they were headed by the mile up the gulch from the depot fromthebooming diggingsin "We cannot close thisnotice indomitableLoveland,andthat pulling their engine. Despite their Mountain City, Central and Idaho without paying the tribute due to master of mechanics, Mr. Nesmith valient efforts, the trip was of no Springs. "Free drinks" at Cheneys the Golden Fireman for their great of the Colorado Central road.Itis avail because the gulch had no a on Saturday night - a bugler stood services and sacrificesin our reported that the speed of the train extra water for the engine." at the door of the saloon shouting behalf. The dispatch which told which bore them up the canon was "free drinks". The response was -dr them of our calamity reached them so great that one man was shaken immediate! qampow, ... at 11:00. (Fire started at 10:30.) In off, and the train went a mile or (Note: at the time the train only c\t,,i@y*o GtDii)@yo cM IiIvi'D ct.91,11VAt91117D e9111e1,D G,C.9(40..P° ctleeD c'SDIOG", fifteen minutes from that time the more up a heavy grade beforeit went as far as Black Hawk) -20- -21- fit(N."gm\ 1

The Cobblestone Armory ALFRED PACKER The cannibal In the early 1900's, Golden EMALINE ROONEY residents became accustomed to Hard Hitting Hattie In the spring of 1874, Colorado and seeing James H. Gow tossing Alexandar Rooney and his wife theentirenationwere shaken. cobblestones into his horse drawn HattieE. Sancomb,ofLaw- Emaline came to the area in 1860 Alfred Packer ate several ofhis wagon. The town may have been a rence, Kansas, a young divorcee, and brought with them Galloway comrades during a bitter winter bit startled atfirst,but thought moved to Goldenin1870. The cattle -- a handy breed of medium near Lake City. He was sentenced nothing of it as the months passed "Sancomb Letters" made public in sized, hornless beef cattle, native to die, but won a Supreme Court by. They watched Gow walk along the two local newpapers revealed to Scotland. reversal and a new trial. This time the banks ofthe Creek (where that the distinguished John Byers The Rooneys chose a spot in the he received a modified term of 40 Golden Senior High is presently), became involved with Hattie and Hogback, near a spring at the foot years. He was paroled in 1901 and where rocks had been deposited had written ardent letters to her. It of the hill, to build their home. The wandered on the farm of Alexander (probably by glacial action cent- is said that Hattie, who had been spring,the Ute Indians advised Rooney. He was hired as a hand to uriesago)andwereplentiful. "taken in adultry"in Kansas, them, had "magical" powers.Its assist with haying. A fellow worker Quartz rock was brought by Gow to opened a millinery shop on Wash- iron waters bubbled deep from the recognized Packer byhissmall GoldenfromtheGoldenGate ington Ave. and entertained gen- Dakota Sands that lie beneath this squeaky voice, and Packer threat- Canyon area north of town. Gow tlemenfriendsathome. Many area. The mineral content caused ened the man's lifeif he revealed was architect and sub -contractor discussions took place at Circle the surrounding mud tobeof his identity. He later left the ranch for the new Armory building. The meetings, across the back fence bluish color. and was not heard ofuntilhis outlandishbuilding,slowlyand and at the local barber shop. The Emaline too, had her "magical death in 1907. painstakely began to take form on whole affair blew wide open when powers". She would gointoa the southeast corner of Arapahoe Hattie sought satisfactioninher trance and report her flashes. On & 13thStreets. Gow builtthe own way.She tookherpearl one occasion, she was ableto structure after an old English handled pistol and shot at Byers advise her husband where to look castle, and no one really knows near his home.Failing to harm him, for his lost stock.... and he found why. It is only known that he spent she unsuccessfully tried a second the cattle.In 1877, Emaline pre-

many months in both research and murder attempt. The affair resulted dicted someday that people would

engineering study. The result was in Hattie being hailed off to jail and hear beautiful music from the hills. Ir a four storybuilding witha Byers failing to win the Republican She was foretelling the future of sixty-five foot high tower topped nomination for governor. thenearbyRed Rocksnatural withrounded"battlement"cor- amphitheater. ners, stone balustrades, and slit - EARLY TRAVELERS like windows on each floor. Eastern newspapers were filled with the excitement of the gold rush. Advertisements announced N11116111111, -NO "Tents, Wagon Covers and tarpau- O lins of every description on hand r.Q.___.,...,,,,_,..,....._,,....(e.,___..0....,...,,J,_(....,4 and made to order."Merchants Pistol Packing Maggie listed"necessories"tooutfita w tripacrosstheplainsforsix , months and four men. Maggie Crow was one of thehusband worked at anearby lumbergun and carried the mail through NICKNAMES Items the early pioneers used hundreds of pioneer women whocamp. all the seasons. When the weather t5 were flour, bacon, coffee, tea, star t' Inearly days certainpartsof liveda lifefullofadventure. As the mining boom died, so didwas bitter and the snows icy, she candles, yeast powder, salt, pep- Maggie packed a pistol, raised atheir jobs. So withtheirthreekept her seat warm by sitting on a 0 Golden carried "nicknames", per, beans, vinegar, bar soap, gun family and dared to be different! children, the Crows returned to thelarge rock she had heated the night ,.., "Skunk Hollow" was located under IC powder and matches. Gold pans, the hillat the east end of High Iowa -born,Maggie movedtoGoldenarea.Here Maggie em-before. e.1 eg picks, shovels, tinplates, cups, Turkey Creek Canon in 1880. Shebarked on a new adventure. She On her mail route, and through- r, Pkwy. knives, frying pans, blankets, nails married William Crow and theywas awarded the mail contract forout her life, she met with many 0 The lower part of east Golden on andwhetstones completedthe movedtoCreede,Colorado.the Star Route West outofadventures and soon became the north side was called " goose- r early traveler's list. Creede was a booming miningMorrison to Conifer. Off everydayknowninthe area asPistol town. town then and Maggie and herat the break of day, she packed herPacking Maggie.

i'.--06.,`JoG,"-e.--"JiG'''Agai -22- -23- WILLIAMS WALKER The history of the parks is dotted In the late 1870's, John Brisben with colorful moments. Take Walker, came here from the East to RAILB, Cement Bill Williams, for example. investigate the possibility of rais- The winding road known as "Lariat ing alfalfa. This proved to be a Trail", which climbed some 2000 successful venture; other projects feetin just five miles, was Wil- he got into also were successful. It liam's pet project. He had donated was during his time here that he rightof way, had boosted the came to know Red Rocks and its construction of the road and then possibilitiesforfuturedevelop- worked on it. But when it opened, ment. He went back to the East for in 1914, Cement Bill claimed that a few years but returned to Denver the Parks Board still owed him inthe early1900's.InOctober, $2500 and he promptly erected 1908 he purchased Red Rocks, Mt. barricades and closed the highway Morrison, Mt. Falcon and some of toallbut Jefferson county res- the town of Morrison. He built a idents. funicular railroad to the top of Mt. Other vehicles were diverted to Morrison, the signs of where the at an old road which was little more tracks were, are still visible today. than a ruttedpath, and garage He was promoting concerts in Red J mechanics of the time enjoyed a Rocks at this time also. On Mt. windfall.Later,they closed the Falcon he visualized a castle which park systemtograzingcattle. was to be a summer home for County Judge Osmer Smith, now Presidents of the United States. A retired District Judge, came to the noted Denver architect drew up rescue of the livestock. They had plans for the castle. On July 4, every right to graze, he proclaimed, 1 91 9,a cornerstone of white unless Denver fenced the parks in, marble was laid. A lavish dedica- a financially impossible move. tion ceremony was held in honor of Smith tossed out of court the case President Harding. Soon there filed against Jefferson County after he spent $50,000 building the rancher Andrew Anderson, who Summer White House. Walker and had been fined $10 because his his family did actually live in the cows were eating city owned house for a time. jingirw- it grass.

AAllies.. 4Notas.zsssAvti '.44111.

COLOROW

- "Colorow Point" on Lookout soldiers, "Ponies heap tired,no Mountain was named afterUte cango",andheadedbackto Bate....:11-4e1I Chief Colorow, who was a frequent Colorado. visitor to the Golden area. The Ute chief was known to have Colorow was a huge man, who was a huge appetite and loved to barge well known throughout the west in when no men were around, and for his outlandish antics. scare the pioneer homemaker into Colorow was among the Utes cooking a meal for him. who joined with a U.S. army unit to Chief Colorow died in 1908, age fight the Sioux. As soon as the undetermined,weighing 300 soldiers arrived in Sioux country, pounds. Colorow announced to his fellow The Colorado Central had its main offices, locomo- the track and plug the sandpipes with a potato, holding tive and car shops in Golden. Other Golden railroads up the train in Golden so thatit was late arriving in came later. The first locomotive was a small tank Denver. engine. A favorite Saturday night sport was to grease -24- -25- Our miners and cattlemen were the firstto welcome the railroad. They welcomed the cuts, the fills, The the tunnels, the bridges and the depots. Since railroadsrequired GOLDEN grades no steeper than 116 feet to the mile, a rise hardly perceptible Belt tothe eye,and curves witha minimum 300 foot radius to keep a locomotive from jumping the track, the miners gave no guarantees that trains could follow where they had gone on foot. Each businessman, together There was good cause to doubt with his political friends saw his whether railroad technology could own hometown as a railhub, and of ever cope with the physical chal- course, Golden businessmen were lenge of the mountains and can- no exception. Talk about self yons ofthe Rockies. What the interest, Golden "was right in there skeptics overlooked-and a hand- pitchin:" and much of the rivalry fulofvisionaries and entrepre- between Denver and Golden had its neurs did not-was that the job basis onthefightforrailroad couldbe donein shortorder dominance. because of the great demand. In1865 the Colorado Central The ColoradoCentralnarrow Railroadwasincorporated.The gauge was conceived and built to line from Golden to Blackhawk was serve the busy mining area west of completed in December 1871, to Golden. Perhaps the most tireless Idaho Springs in 1873, Central City booster for a railroad to the mines in 1878, and Georgetown in 1877. was Golden's own William Love- As the narrow gauge line was land, a mining property owner. In built up Clear Creek Canyonin 1861 Loveland financed a survey 1871 and 1872, a new company, from Golden to Blackhawk. The subsidiary to the Colorado Central surveyors were eager young engi- was organized. This was the neers, most of them college men. Golden City and South Platte RR. Some were stillundergraduates, A route was graded from Golden to fresh from the East. They signed Acequia, bywayofMorrison. on as Surveyors not just for the (Acequia is a siding on the Denver Mother Grundy Curve Clear Creek Canyon. professional experience, but for a and Rio Grande Western, south of place. Judge A. W. Stone was taste of western adventure. Littleton) Rail was laid and trains removed Aug. 15,1876, from a And they got it! Living in tents operated over about four miles of Colorado Central train and courte- for months at a time, they found it. This project was dormant from ously but firmly restrained near Ralston Butte,so aninjunction George Pullman homesteaded out what mountainlivingisall 1873 to 1878 because of the panic east of Golden,near Camp of '73, but in 1880 high hopes were could not be issued against the about. They never lost their ex- George Westin1860,and heldfor the plan. The Golden faction.Allreports char- uberance and when the lines were again divided his timebetween complete many of them stayed and purpose was of course to divert acterize this event as wholesome traffic through Golden and to fun, but legally ineffective. Golden andRussellGulch. never did go home. InRussell Gulch herana by-pass Denver. The Colorado Central came un- Foasetts, Colorado 1880 When the surveyors and plan- private bank andbroker's In1875,frictionbetween the der the hand of Jay Gould via the ners were finished, the really earnedsome UnionPacificandtheGolden Union Pacific, which recognized office. He challengingtaskremained;the $20,000 capital, which aided stockholdersdeveloped in the Denver as a more suitable center of dangerousandbackbreaking him in promoting the Pullman ColoradoCentral, and violent operations and the Colorado Cen- building of the line. Carving the Palace Car. Locallegend right of way through rocky country battle for control of the road went tral and Denver Pacific were con- The gold camps needed railroads solidated.In 1898, the Colorado states that Dr. Levi Harsh of was slow, requiring tons of blast- on for several years. The Golden Golden suggested miners and giants like Loveland got the job done ing powder and often progressing people siezed the road and strug- and Southern was formed from the gled desperately to maintain their narrow gauge lines of U.P., plus bunks to Pullman, which he no more than a few feet per day. incorporated in his car. Workmen tunneled through snow control,butlostout, though a the Fort Worth and Denver City RR, drifts, watched their bridges wash compromise was reached. and the Burlington RR purchased away in spring floods and general- It was during this time that the control of the Colorado and South- ly, just plain fought for every inch! famous Stonekidnappingtook ern in 1908. -26- -27- Often overlooked are the many supporting facilities span; others lasted a long time. The large brick freight needed to operate a railroad-depots, roundhouses station erected in Golden in 1872, for instance, was (pictured below) track scales and section houses. retired from use only recently. Some of the buildings and facilities had a brieflife

Denver & Northwest RR. The last narrow gauge cars into Golden.

WiththecompletionoftheCentralCityand service about 1908-1909 and for freight service about Georgetown extensions, a new schedule went into -1-;37SUMMIT OF FUNICULAR RAILWAY, 1923. The company became the Denver and Intermoun- NEAR GOLDEN. COLO. effect. The round trips now ran on each line-one tainin1896. The Denver, Lakewood, and Golden morning and one evening trip each way. Trains were operated tracks north of Golden by steam for a few still run from Golden and one operated five minutes years until 1896. ahead of the other to Forks Creek, an arrangement that The Denver and Northwestern was a branch of the was continued to 1885. A freight train also ran over the Denver Tramway, which ran from North Denver via line daily. A newspaper item noted that 85 narrow Clear Valley to Arvada, Golden, and a branch to gauge cars were loaded in Golden the previous week Leyden.WiththepurchaseoftheDenver and for shipment to the mountain towns. Intermountain RR by the Denver Tramway Co. in 1909, Completion of the Georgetown Loop extension to both lines were consolidated and operated as the Silver Plume brought a fresh surge of tourist travel to Denver and Intermountain RR. Both are now aband- the line-but not to the advantage of Golden. Golden's oned. importance as a rail passenger center declined sharply The first locomotive was a small tank engine. A after the transfer from the narrow gauge to the standard favorite Saturday night sport on this line was to grease gauge cars. the track and to plug the sand pipes with a potato. This The Colorado Central had a passenger station on caused at least an hour's delay on the trip to Denver. Washington Street which included a small depot and The passengers, mostly couples homeward bound restaurant.In 1883 a couple of runaway box cars from a dance in Golden, were most patient. crashed into the depot and destroyed the restaurant The Colorado Central had its main offices, locomo- and platform. The old passenger station was allowed to tive and car shops in Golden and for some years this stand unoccupied for a number of years and in August provided employment for a large force of workers. 1889,itburned to the ground. In January 1896 the When the control of the railroad went completely to railroad erected a small frame ticket office -waiting the UnionPacific,mostofthesefacilitieswere room. eliminated and carried on in the U.P. Shops in Denver. Other Goldenrailroads camelater.The Denver The round house survived until earlyin the 1920's, Lakewood and Golden was builtas a steamline thoughinlater yearsitserved only toservice a In the early 1900's, cable funicular lines were built up popular for a time, but abandoned 1919-1923. 1890-1892, and was electrified to Golden for passenger switching engine. Castle Rock and Lookout Mountain. These were -28- -29- THE COLORADO RAILROAD MUSEUM

In 1870, Colorado was a sparcely settled Territory of largest modern steamer of the Burlington Lines. Old 40,000 hardy pioneers. Exploitation of rich gold and, wooden passenger cars and freight cars, old cabooses, subsequently, silver deposits in the mountains turned trolley cars, a "Galloping Goose", harp switch stands it into a booming State over the next two decades, and and stub switches, wooden water tower, and other this explosive expansion was made possible only by railroadiana complete the scene. the coming of the railroad. Narrow gauge and, later, The Colorado Railroad Museum had its beginnings standard gauge lines such as the Colorado Central, back in 1950, when co-founder Robert W. Richardson Denver & Rio Grande, SouthPark,and Colorado began accumulating railroadartifactsatAlamosa, Midland were rashly pushed throughnearly every Colorado. A Cincinnatian, Cornelius Hauck, later lent canyon, creekbed and high pass in the Rockies; the his support to Bob's efforts, andin 1958 the two railroad was the life -line of every mining camp and founded the present Museum at Golden. community in the mountains. Bob Richardson and Cornelius Hauck were two of Today, highways and a changing economy have the early enthusiasts who recognized the signifiance of made only the most importantoftheselinesa the historically invaluable railroad material that was continued necessity, and the mountains are criss- then about to be lost to Colorado and the future. Too crossed with the grades of those that have been little was being done to save and preserve the bulk of abandoned over the years. Fortunately the Museum this material - from locomotives and switch -stands to has been able to gather and preserve a large and varied operating records and letterbooks - by either public or collection of irreplaceable authentic material from the private institutions,organizations,or corporations; railroads that served Colorado's mountains and plains. there was no organized and properly financed program The Museum building,a replicaofan 1880 -style inoperation or evenin contemplation. These two masonry railroad depot, houses the more fragile of the pioneers stepped in and undertook the task them- displays in glass cases and frames-including rare old selves;they took theinitiative and therisk,and papers, records and photos displayed so as to give the invested a great deal of time, effort and money to viewer an accurate insight into the interesting histories accomplish what they felt was an urgently needed of the various roads. program of historic preservation. With the help of a Outside the Museum, beneath Table Moutain, arehardy band ofrailfanboosters, they builtup the The Welch Ditch typical narrow gauge railroad "yards" and "main line" present nationally recognized Colorado Railroad track, on which are displayed (and occasionally run) Museum, without thebenefitofpublic fundsor Starting out as a flume, the Welch Ditch takes water al, formed the Golden Flume and Ditch Co. that same locomotives and cars preserved from the narrow gauge community assistance. from Clear Creek above Tunnel No. 1, comes around year. Portions of the ditch apparently were constructed lines. No. 346, an 1881 D&RG veteran, is the State's the flank of Mt. Zion, crosses to South Table Mountain, in 1870 and 1871, but the ditch seems to have been oldest locomotive, and is joined by other equipment of To reach the Museum from downtown Golden, take skirting the north half. It is visible from Hwy. 6. built piecemeal, for two sources note that the ditch the same era. Adjacent tracks hold standard gauge 10th Street east, the Museum is two miles from the Charles C. Welch organized the Vasquez Flume and was constructed in 1880. Finally the Golden Globe equipment, ranging from one of the first Rio Grande center oftown. 10thStreet meets 44th Ave. and Ditch Co.in 1870, the original company sold at a reported that it was completed in July, 1885. standard gauge locomotives of 1890, to the newest and becomes 44th Ave. at the city limits. sheriff's sale in 1876. Welch, with W. A. H. Loveland et -30- -31- Mt. Vernon Canyon By Georgia Miller The town of Mt. Vernon was plotted in 1859, but old Creek, the residents of Mt. Vernon fled their homes, "Rush to the Rockies" notes state 1854. The plotted town is located at the some burning them, and rushedtoGolden.Mr. mouth of Mt. Vernon Canyon just north of Red Rocks Matthews bought up most of theland,his great Clear Park. It was named by Governor Steel, who was then granddaughter, Dorothy Baugher lives there today. Governor of Kansas territory. Mt Vernon was then a My great grandfather, Richard Glaister came from InJune 1860,Horace Greeleyonhistripto partofthe Kansas Territory, whichlater became England to become numbered among the first settlers personally investigate the gold mines, was thrown Colorado territory.Governor Steel was anardent of Mt. Vernon. He stayed on a ranch and purchased the Creek from a jackass while crossing Clear Creek at Golden. admirer of George Washington, hence the name. The property in 1881. His son, Richard, who had married He wassafelyrescued and apparentlytookthe town at that time consisted of seven houses, a postLaura Ashley. moved west "to the farm" and quickly misfortune with no loss of temper or dignity. office and a general store. Governor Steel moved to the became part of the community. area in 1861 and a monument to him stands on the site Laura Ashley is a tale in herself. She had been a Canyon of his home. professor of Latin and Music at Radcliff College. She One of the first settlers that came to the area was played the organ in the church, (which still stands Edward Matthews. He arrived from England in 1870. today,saved by "the graceof God" from being The home that he built is of English architecture and is demolished when 170 was built). She soon became of hand cut stone. It is said that when his English bride knownas a finehorse woman and anexpert first saw an Indian she was so frightened she "flew" marks -woman. Her saddle was especially made for her, into the house and hid under the bed for two days. with a horn on it, the first woman's saddle with a horn. Matthews put bars on the windows so that she would Itis said she could shoot the head off a rattle snake feel more secure. The Matthews' place became the first from horseback. She bravely shot a bear, which she Wells Fargo Station west of Denver, and there was a proceeded to make a rug of, and woe to a hawk that tavern for weary travelers. The station contained fromeyed her chickens! She loved her social affairs, and in sixty to one hundred horses for changes. one letter, that Istill have, she tells of her preparations There was a toll house west of the village and fees for a Thanksgiving dinner for 26 people-all neighbors were collected from those continuing West. and friends. There were springs on the ranch, a hearty "And the Rush Was On" The first Colorado legislature met in the Matthews' garden and thefruittreesflourished,somestill home, and at that time Mt. Vernon was to be the capital producing today. When Richard died, Laura inherited of Colorado. But when Gold was discovered in Clear the ranch, passing it on to her broker upon her death. "Cannonball- Creek,later to be known as Vasquez Fork, and finally by its present name of Clear Creek, saw the first great gold discoveries of Colorado. Clear Creek Canyon is rich in mineral deposits, some dating back to when the Rocky Mountains first were formed. Eighty million years ago,upheavals from within the earth pushed the mountains up. Two glacial periods followed and left the steep rock canyons and fast moving streams. As ages passed,softsedi- mentations eroded away, making the rugged crust of the earth visible. Cracks and veins of the valley walls had filled with hotlava -like materials. Changes in temperature and pressures resultedindeposits of gold, silver, lead, molybdenum, zinc, and other metals. At St. Mary's Glacier one can still see one of the glaciers that helped form the canyon. Except for an Arapahoe Indian tribe, the canyon remained untouched for centuries. Then came a lone prospector from Georgia named John Gregory. He took one look at Clear Creek Canyon, and chose it as a likely prospect for his gold seeking. Panning as he went, Gregory quickly found the creeks and gulches had a real story to tell. In January 1859, on a hillside where the "colors- were intense, he found what was the first discovery of lode goldinthe Rockies. Meanwhile, A drive up the curves and windings of this rocky canyon shows George Jackson was making aplacer findat numberless prospect holes, dump piles, shafts, cuts, and tunnels of the gold seeking past. The highway was built on the present-day Idaho Springs. The discoveries in Clear roadbed of the narrow gauge railroad which first braved Clear Creek Canyon started the "Rush to the Rockies." Creek Canyon. Laura Ashley Glaister -32- -33- Golden Gate Canyon By Mary Koch The shortest wagon route from Denver-Auraria to the North Fork of Clear Creek was the Gregory Road up 500 yards shy of its goal,it veers and quietly enters Golden Gate Canyon, Eight -Mile Gulch they called it in Clear Creek unnoticed-the largest canyon below the those days. The Canyon was for one shining moment Blackhawk turnoff to penetrate those rock fortresses in history the main trail to the mines, funnel through from the north. Toward the top of the Guy Gulch which thousands poured headed for the gold fields. drainage, Michigan Hill retreats northerly with dignity, Walt Whitman traveled thisroute,so did Horace only to become on the far side a fine roller -coaster of Greeley. They wrote aboutit,as did many others timber, rock and meadow, dropping with long whose names are long forgotten. breathtaking views into the valley of the Ralston. From A geological overview presents a shallow creekbed this point Ralston Creek describes a long southeasterly curling away from the valley floor north of Clear Creek arc through the mountains. Dammed by the State for and climbing a slim watershed tendril to Guy Hill. West recreation and by the beaver for homesites, Ralston of Guy Hill, Guy Gulch, 2000 feet below, strikes north Creek makes a final commitment on the flanks of the and south, plunging from Michigan Hill to Clear Creek FrontRange tothereservoirbearingitsname, only to falter at the last minute. Bluffed by a mountain and leaves the mountains forever.

It was the broker who gave to the City of Golden incorporated as a non profit association. The cabins rights to run the water line from Squaw Mountain were remodeled to year around homes, the club house through the ranch down to Golden. It was he who also was expanded and services, such as fire protection and gave the right of way for the Lookout Mountain Road road maintenance, were established. Theirs was the from Mt. Vernon Canyon to Buffalo Bill's Grave. only fire protection in the area for many years. Many of Part of the ranch, known as the Glaister Ranch, the activities of the Club are enjoyed by residents of remains in the family today, and a number of family Lookout Mountain and the Golden area today. members lay at rest in Pioneer Cemetary in Golden. The Grange was established on November 1, 1913, The Ralstons were another family that settled in the and had 65 charter members. They often entertained canyon. Capt. Lucian H. Ralston built half of the Lariat other Grange chapters whose members from Golden Trail, starting at the top. He met the other builder of the rode the Lookout Mountain funicular to the meetings. trail, Bill Williams half way down. The man that we all Tents were set up and everyone enjoyed an exhausting knew as Dad Ralston owned a general store and livery but wonderful day, returning to Golden in the evening stable. His children became builders, fur ranchers and by the funicular and then on to their homes. cattlemen. There are many, many others who have made Mount Vernon Country Club was started in the early contributions to the history of Golden that can not all 1920's, mostly by professional persons who wanted a be listed here. Many good times were had inthis retreat.It took a half day to get to Mt. Vernon from canyon. It is said that movie stars found the Wild Rose Denver at that time. The Club consisted of a small club Lodge on Lookout Mountain a favorite vacation spot. house, with the only phone inthe area. Weekend Bill Williams has a story of his own, as does the widow cabins were available and the Sunday Hunt breakfast Mrs. Ruby. They are amongst the colorful characters of HAMPTON HOUSE, a small brick house nestles in a swale adjacent to Tucker Gulch, Golden Gate Canyon, apparently built In 1872, when it would havebeen considered was the delight of all. On June 22, 1926, the club the area. pretentious. Tucker Gulch went on one of Its spasmodic rampages and forced evacuation. Now, the house appears to be "reverting to the earth from whenceit sprang." -34- -35- The Golden Gate Canyon Road across the Front The descent into Guy Gulch demanded .great skill on Range, junctions at State highways 93 and 119. The the part of the teamster. Early 1860's guides to the gold Road enters the mountains throughits namesake, mines cautioned "great care will have to be taken to XINING ANTUB Golden Gate Canyon, alsoreferredtobyearlier properly block your wagon." residents and records as Eight -Mile (the actual length From the bottom of Guy Hillthe highway rises of the Canyon) and Tucker (a pioneer rancher at its through Guy Gulch tothe topofMichiganHill, ja) entrance). descends the valley of the Ralston, and ascends that 11A Golden Gate Canyon took its name from Golden valley north toward the Peak to Peak Range. Two more Gate City, or Gate City, founded at the mouth of the tollgates were operated along the upper reaches of Canyon in 1859. Gate City served as a supply depot for this trail to the mines allowing the traveler a choice of NINES the wagons and stages that swayed and bounced up routes down into the great North Clear Creek Canyon and down the main trail to the Gregory gold diggings gold diggings. on the North Fork of Clear Creek. In 1860, 26 buildings Homesteaders, their cabins long vanished from the secured the Canyon entrance; but with the completion forest floor, named the mountains their wagon wheels of a more direct wagon route through Clear Creek measured-trails followedtodaybynarrow,well Canyon, followed by the railroadin 1872, Gate City marked dirt roads: Robinson, bridging the dry creekbed dwindled and died. Rocky Mountain City sprang up not in the bottom of Guy Gulch and climbing the west side; far from Gate City, but was even shorter lived. Today all Smith, curving through dark timber just inside Gilpin traces of both cities have vanished. County line; and Dory, slipping quietly past the old Inside the Canyon two -tenths of a mile, just below a cemetery above Blackhawk. The Crawford Gulch Road recently abandoned road cut on the north, are the few leaves the highway in Golden Gate Canyon and returns fragile remnants of a rock foundation-unmarked and toitat the State Park, passing the entrance to the difficult to see from the highway. This was the Golden White Ranch as it crosses Belcher Hill. Gate and Gregory Road Company tollgate, authorized Residential development has been slow. Lack of in 1862. The gate collected toll on what was known as water and steep embankments, particularly true of the the Gregory Road, over which thousands rode and eastern portion, discourage division of this area into walked during the early Rocky Mountain gold rush homesites. Instead, the native grasses and buckbrush days. Today, like the gate itself, most of the Gregory of the pasture have been until recently the domain of Roadisgone, erased by floods and newer road the rancher, who left it all pretty much alone except to construction; but here and there slim wagon -wide supplement the wildlife with domestic stock. As a pathsstillclingtothemountainside,scattered result, appearances have not changed a great deal footnotes to an old history page. during the last century. Demand for mountain property, The highway climbs leisurely toward the top of the however, is increasing with suburban growth, and the Canyon. The utmost point of Guy Hill rises south from ranching interests are retreating. Soon new roads will this pass. An old silo on the south side of the approach explore the ravines and scramble over the rocky ridges, is all that remains of what was once a stage stop, depositing houses here and therein a progression offering overnight accommodations and fine meals. made easy by our 20th century technology.

-36- -37- Golden, Gateway to Gold Fields History of the ColoradoSchool of Mines

"A good place to cross the river" By Gerald A. Peters

No one who has not seen the wild rush for the scene increased by scooping sand or gravelinto a long Unique in Colorado history is the his first "University" building on ing the same academic year the of a lucky find of gold can realize the madness of "gold trough, formed by a seriesofinclinedsluices or Colorado School of Mines at land south of Golden where the last professor in charge, Albert C. fever". It impels men by the thousands to trade homes, flumes. Some of the old sluices can still be found in Golden,theoldest andlargest Lookout Mountain Boys School Hale became the first president of families and comfort for hastily built shacks, tents and their last resting places. college of mineral engineering in now stands. the Colorado School of Mines. The loneliness. The story of one mining camp is the story of them the world. CSM was founded over Itis reported that Bishop Ran- School's library was expanded on Men, in search of gold, traveled through the 1280 all. A prospector discovers traces of gold or silver, the one hundred years ago. Behind the dallwasgreatlyinfluenced in the new campus and funds were acres of Golden City to their gold fields because rumor spreads and the treasure seekers rush in. A few founding of the School, older than establishing a mining schoolin provided for athletic equipment. Golden was "a good place to cross the river". lucky miners attainedriches beyond their wildest the "Centennial State" itself, is the Colorado Territory as a result of his The first degree to be awarded West of Golden,inClear Creek Canyon, mining dreams. But for the great majority there was only a bare history of the mining and mineral discussions with surveyor Hayden. by the Colorado School of Mines camps were many. Towns sprang up as if by magic, living and bitter poverty. industries of Colorado. Also interestedin the idea was was in 1881. An engineering de- throbbing with excitement. The panners and diggers disappeared and in a short Itishardto imagine what Hayden's good friend and editor of gree and the first honorary degree The pioneer miners of this area were what we call time towns became ghosts of the past. Some of the Golden was like 100 years ago. The theColorado Transcript news- wasreceivedbyMiltonMoss. placer miners. They used only their pan and their disappointed miners turned to ranching and farming as entire Territory of Colorado was paper, General George West, who Captain E. L. Berthoud was addi- shovel as their mining equipment. Due to erosion, a living. And many turned toward Golden for jobs in settled by only 135,000 hardy published editorials calling for a tionally quoted stating: "The value placer deposits found their way to stream beds. And smelting, milling, construction, transportation, and souls. The frontier mining camps "School of Mines." of building, apparatus, collec- there along the streams the panners shoveled sand and food supplies. were giving way to communities Others such as W.A.H. tions,grounds, andfixturesat gravel into their gold plans. The pan was then filled Such, briefly, were the ups and downs of the men, providing jobs in smelting, milling, Loveland and Edward L. Berthoud Mines amounts to $20,000." with water and set in a swirling motion. The lighter the mines, and the mining towns. Through allthe refining, transportation, construc- joined West in supporting a mining Regis Chauvenet was elected the ingredients would be swept away and the heavier gold chaos, Golden remained an orderly community, a good tion, and food supplies. institution in Golden to serve the second presidentin1883 and a particles would be left at the bottom of the pan. place to cross the river, and a good place to work and needs ofthe booming territory. formal commencement was estab- The panners soon found that volume could be The nation's centennial celebra- live. tion was being planned for 1876; They realized the glory days of the lished. A totalof two students Ulysses S. Grant was President; "Rush to the Rockies," when gold received engineering degrees the Civil War had ended only nine nuggets were for the easy pick- being: WilliamB.Middletonof years earlier; and the stampede for ings, were fading.NathanielP. New York and Walter H. Wylie of gold was about to touch offa Hill, with his Boston and Colorado Los Angeles. By 1890 the enroll- famous battle in the Dakota Black smelter,had demonstrated how ment totaled 65 students from 14 Hills along a branch of the Bighorn trained engineers could help save states and two foreign countries. River. Silver bricks were laid from Colorado's mining industry by use By the turn of the century, CSM the street to the Teller House in of advanced refining methods. had an approximate enrollment of Central City when President Grant An effort was made in 1870 to 200 students and agraduating visited the hotel in 1873. establish a Territorial School of class of 28. Additional revenue was Ferdinand B. Hayden's govern- Mines,underBishopRandall's received by the School from indi- ment surveyors had ranged over supervision with an appropriation viduals such as William S. Stratton huge expanses of the Colorado of$3,800,based onataxon of Colorado Springs who made Territory, compiling maps and data mining claims. Many difficulties, possible expanded physical facili- on geology, geography, and nat- including lack of adequate financ- ties on campus. In 1900 Stratton ural resources. Hayden was then ing, frustrated the plan. made the first private donation of directoroftheU.S.Geological Continuing agitation by West, $25,000 allowing the construction Survey. Loveland, Berthoud, and others led of Stratton Hall. Bishop George M. Randall of the to introduction of a bill before the During the intervening years Episcopal Church had a dream that TerritorialGeneral Assemblyto between 1900 andthepresent, began a few days after he reached establish a School of Mines under many new buildings and facilities the Territory from Boston in mid - territorial control and separate have been added to the campus. 1866. He planned "The University from Bishop Randall's "University The newest of these buildings is Schools in Golden, Colorado," a Schools." The legislative body the 3.5 million dollar Cecil H. and frontier campus to include a Divin- passed an enabling act, with an Ida Green Graduate and Profes- ity School, Matthews Hall; a outright appropriationof$5,000 sionalCenter.Thisbuildingis College Preparatory School, Jarvis anditwas signed by territorial located in the heart of the campus Hall; and a "SchoolofMines" Governor Samuel Elbert on Feb- and serves as its hub. The building designated to offer "instruction in ruary 9, 1874, the founding date of houses theGeophysicsdepart- the sciences connected with the the Colorado School of Mines. ment and the George R. Brown mineral wealthof the country." The School prospered andin Computer Center.Inaddition,it y Bishop Randall's idea became a 1880 occupied its first building on features an auditorium which will Smelters Row - Golden, Golden Smelting Works - 1872, Collom Loan Smelter Co. -1875, Colorado Dressing & Smelting Co. - 1876, French Smelting Works -1876, The Malachite seat 1,300 people plus two smaller Mining Co. -1877, The Trenton Dressing & Smelting Co. -1877, Valley Smelting Plant - 1879. reality in 1869 with construction of the present Golden campus. Dur- -38- -39- auditoriums and Social Center in With afacultyof190in10 Edgar Experimental Mine with the lower portion of the building. degree -granting departments and more than five miles of tunnels at As the Colorado School of Mines 11 supportingdepartmentsthe Idaho Springs. now embarks intoits second Colorado School of Mines offers Presently the School is prepar- century of service to mankind,it courses leading to the B.Sc.in ing to meet the needs of the future. remains the oldest institutionin Engineering degrees in Chemistry, Itis doing much researchinoil the United States devoted exclus- Geology, Geophysics, Mathema- shale,geothermal energy,solar ively to the education of mineral tics,Metallurgy,Mining,Petrol- energy, degasification of coal, and engineers and has expandedits eum,Physics, ChemicalPetrol- petroleum exploration and de- early Colorado reputationinto a eum -Refining andMineralEngi- velopment. The U.S.Geological national and international reputa- neering. Survey is in the process of moving tion, drawing students fromall The basic campus is comprised partofitsoperations tothe over the United States and some 50 of 213 acres and over 20 buildings. campus andthe new Colorado other nations. The over 8000 Additional facilities include the 40 Energy Research Institute will also graduates do the globe, with nearly acre Green Geophysics Observa- belocatedonthe campusin 10 per cent working abroad. torysitenear BerganPark,the Golden.

PLACERS GAVE WAY TO UNDERGROUND MINING After loose surface gold was worked by sluice boxes and placering (as above), the deposits became exhausted, and mining required shafts, tunnels, drifts, and blasting in hard rocks to follow a vein.

School of Mines, the turn of the Century class of 1901 In the photo miners are drilling holes with double and single jacks. -40- -41 - CSM's story has been one of progress - progress in has said many times that we are currently suffering theeducationofsuperiormineralengineers - through the energy shortage but the mineral shortage progress in new techniques for the mineral industries isjust around the corner andwillbefarmore and constant progress towards the horizons of the devastating than the energy crunch. future. The challenge of the future will be the earth itself, Perhaps one of the biggest problems in the future of and no matter how complicated or how abstract the Colorado School of Mines will be to provide enough reality,concernfortheEarth,for harmony and highly skilled men and women to meet the demand for intimacy with its beauty. power and balance over the more oil and minerals from even deeper and leaner next century is the greatest aspiration of the Colorado deposits. Dr. Guy T. McBride, Jr., President of CSM, School of Mines.

1472 CAMPUS, SCHOOL OF MINES. OOLDEN,COLO

Early postcard of Campus, School of Mines

Guggenheim Hall Completedin1906, Guggenheim Hall honors a platforms, at the two lower ends andat the top, each to Colorado School of Mines benefactor,Simon Guggen- have a sphere resting on them. Students heim. During its early period, it of the Class of housed the administra- '06 planned to gild the spheres after tion, the library, and several departments positioned, three on campus. gilded balls being the trademarkof early -day pawn- Students wore hobnailed bootsin the early 1900s and shops. Dr. V. C. Alderman, president,made Miners remove their boots at the entryways. But someone learned of the projectedshenanigan of the Aught 6 class and theupper spheres were never Arches on the upper ventilationfacades had three positioned. -42- -43- The EdgarMine How To Find Edgar Mine The Edgar Mine is inIdaho Springs, itcan be reached by Interstate 70 andU.S. 6, taking Exit 50north to Colorado Avenue, then Slopes of the mountainsabove Idaho Springs west to 8th Street wherea sign the nearby communities and marks the entrance road. of Black Hawk, CentralCity, and Georgetown show The Mining Departmentof the Colorado School the abandoned mineopenings Mines is proud of the of and dumps ofa romantic past: the "Rushto the Experimental Mine andthe Rockies" and feverish purpose it serves: educationaltours for the public and mining for silver andgold. school groups; cooperation A few working minesstill exist, somehow with industry, state, and the destiny that evading federal organizations in saw others produce millionsin rich research; and training ofthe ores, then fade into history. manpower needed to maintain thenation's leadership in minerals engineering. The Edgar Mine, knownas the Colorado School of Mines Experimental Mine,might now be one of these Mine History ghost mines of thepast.In the 1870's,it produced highgrade silver and some gold, lead, andcopper. The history of the However, as an undergroundlaboratory for future Experimental Mine atIdaho engineers.it Springs involves aman with an idea. now produces rich andvaluable ex- The man was Dr. perience for the men andwomen who are being trained James Underhill,a noted mine to find, develop, and surveyor and engineer in thearea. He also taught process resources to keeppace mineral law and mine with the world's increasingdemands for minerals. surveying at CSM, commutingto The Edgar Mine Golden on the oldnarrow gauge railroad that was named after the Edgarmineral ran up vein which runs along Clear Creek Canyon. the hillside above themine. The Colorado School of Mines After World War I,many of the mines in the (CSM) began using it in1921 Idaho and maintains the only Springs district closed.Dr. Underhill thoughtit would mine used exclusivelyto give be a good thing if the students practical training School of Mines securedone of in underground surveying these mines for and mine practices. use as an underground laboratoryfor students to practice miningand surveying techniques. The mine provides uniqueeducational advantages. It The Edgar Mine had thesafest rock formations serves as a lab where mining surveyingis taught, and and the best undergroundworkings of any that he is functional in that studentsare able to use mining and it was available. knew, equipment. In addition, students Officers of the Big FiveMining carry out research Co., then bankrupt, projects in the mine. agreed to a leaseon the Edgar and Dr. Underhill persuaded Students study mining the CSM Board ofTrustees to organization, surveying, work enter into a formalagreement in 1921. scheduling, unit operations,ventilation, power, trans- portation, mine safety, and Additional workings andland have been acquired the environment. over the years to form the During the schoolyear, a course is taught in the present Experimental Mine practical holdings, now the propertyof CSM. useofmining equipment, allowingthe students to apply what theyhave learnedinthe classroom to real situations.The course runsa full cycle in the mine: drilling,blasting, and mucking (loading blasted rock). Each summer a four -weekfield session is heldto teach students the art ofunderground surveying, claim surveying, and various advancedforms of survey work. Research is carried outon a continuing basis by several groups, including theCSM Mining Department graduate students, the U.S.Bureau of Mines, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Colorado State University,and others. Day-to-day operationsand maintenancearethe responsibility of CSM's MiningEngineering Depart- ment. The students and staffconduct free guided tours and equipment demonstrationsfor the general public from June 1 through Labor Day. Special grouptours can be arranged during the schoolyear by notifying the Mining Department (279-3381,ext. 332).

-44- -45- 1;Pfir.44% h 91,10'4fir '"' 1§- ''!; 4.41111;i11104,

-Jo, ft

CastleRock-

MN a Landmark aTrademark for Golden for Coors

Besides being a landmark, Castle Rock today serves The Table Mountains inGolden, Colorado,rise as a trademark for Adolph Coors Company. The abruptly above the valleyfloor. In yearsgone by the formation has stood as a symbol of Coors quality for passageway between them hasserved as a gateway to more than a century. the RockyMountainWest.Morepopular, One hundred years ago no one would have thought publicized and more more The tourists wouldcome from the local prominent,however,isthe areas and A cable car line was in operation on the northwest that this majestic landmark would cast its shadow over extreme northwest end of South Denver, riding thehigh-speed streetcarto Golden, Table Mountain known bringing with them their side of South Table Mountain for several years, but it the world's largest single brewing complex and its as Castle Rock. picnic baskets fora day of more than 3,500 employees. No one would have One of the relaxation. Oftentimes was closed and the tracks removed in 1915. The cable first commercialuses of the Table they spread theirpicnic car roadbed can still be seen on the side of Castle believedit possible for a single brewery to produce Mountains was by Charles blankets and ate theirlunches near the Coorslake. Quaintance, son ofan early The pavilion fell into Rock. The Table Mountains saw the growth of the 13,000,000 barrels of beer in one year. No one can Golden pioneer. Quaintancebuilt a dance pavilion, disuse after a fewyears. In 1927 conceive what Adolph Coors Company will be like in III it burned down andwas never rebuilt. area's population and industries; power lines crossed light tower and cablecar line on South Table Mountain, both flattops; a rodeo arena operated for a short time the year 2077 - 100 years hence. The Company can and the tourist attraction A lighttower next to thedance pavilion opened on May 17, 1913.He was on South Table Mountain; glider enthusiasts onceonly begin to lay the foundation for brewing inits also cut a road supposed to have hada large searchlight in it up South Table Mountain andoffered as well as launched their crafts toward the plains, but due to second century, as it did in the first century. If this is tourists donkey rides three telescopes to takein the panoramic view to the top of Castle Rock. plains. of the severe down -drafts along the Tables, they soon looked done, the Golden Brewery - as it was once called - will still remain in the shadow of the Table Mountains. -46- for calmer areas. -47- Coors Porcelain Company

. In 1886 Adolph Coors was well on his way to shakers and teapots. Several pottery patterns used for , these items were copies of successful dinnerware J41.1141 -S art s -v * producing a popular, quality beer and already working to develop his own bottle manufacturing system to patterns of the era, which could be purchased in retail ries. 11, .411111Qa, , stores. Early records of Coors Porcelain pieces were inoissiorme.6. istYrrr augment hisbarrel manufacturing plant. That year destroyed leaving collectors only to speculate on the 4ms Adolph Coors, Joachim Binder and James Ward 1.21 formed the Colorado Glass Works Company. The number of patterns and pieces manufactured from each oles. es company, located at Ford and 8th Streets, produced pattern. A- beer bottles and mineral water bottles, among others. World War I added a new dimension to Coors Because it was not a lucrative business, the plant Porcelain Company. Prior to the war the best chemical "-.'.'Aso closed in 1892 and remained idle until January 1910 porcelain was manufactured in Germany, but the war when Mr. J. J. Herold, a potter from Ohio, started a put an end to all imports. The commerce department of pottery on the site deeded to him by Adolph Coors at the U.S. government quickly appealed to all whiteware the 8th and Ford Street location. The company was (china)plantstoundertakethemanufactureof 0..7T called the Herold China and Pottery Co., and Coors chemical porcelain equal in quality to that of Europe. was itslargest stockholder. The plant developed a Shortly, Coors became a leader in the field and today is g - - good grade of ovenproof cooking ware which is still one of the world's leading producers of technical - - #44.0.:VINNOttf"r:s Ws being gathered by collectors. In 1920 the name was ceramics and chemical porcelain. Besides chemical

changed to Coors Porcelain Company, with the main porcelain, Coors makes ceramics for electronic

. 4101* plant and offices still located on the same ground. vacuum tubes, pump plungers, pump seal rings, water ". Throughout the years, Coors Porcelain produced faucet valves, toolbits, grinding media and other it myriads of cups, saucers, plates,salt and pepper industrial ceramic products. .III Coors Golden Brewery 1886

The Historyof Adolph CoorsCompany

By Anita Krajeski Courtesy Adolph Coors flourished until Prohibitionhit Colorado in 1916, and so the company turned to other In 1868 when 21 -year -oldAdolph Herman Joseph endeavors in order to survive. Through the dryyears the brewery produced Coors came to the United Statesof America, he was malted milk, near beer andskim milk crystals, and sold seeking freedom and opportunityina new land. sweet butter and double Traveling west into Colorado,the industrious young rich cream. Although Prohibition ended, the maltedmilk business boomed German immigrant settled inthe spring laden Clear at Coors and from the 1920's Creek Valley, establishinga new brewery there in 1873 to the late 1950's sold nearlyallitcouldproducetotheMars Candy with Jacob Schueler asco-owner. The new brewey, Company. established on the old tanneryproperty of C. C. Welch In 1933 Prohibitionwas repealed, but it had taken its and John Pipe, was built in plainview of Castle Rock, toll of American breweries. which has become a trade mark of Of the 1,568 breweries in Coors throughout its operation in 1910, only 750 century of existence. Near the turn were able to open again in of the century, 1933. Coors wasone of them. That year the plant Coors Golden brewerywas producing about 50,000 brewed 136,720 barrels of beer(31 gallons per barrel.) barrelsofbeer each year fromitsseven story Today Adolph Coors Companyis the largest single brewhouse, the first skyscraper inGolden. All the beer brewery in the world. In 1976 was brewed with the famous Rocky it ranked fifthin beer Moutain Spring production, brewing 13,664,464 Water flowing from the more than60 natural springs on barrels of beer with the property. quality -recognized ingredients-PureRocky Mountain Spring Water, MoravianIII brewing barley, rice In 1879 Coors married LouisaWeber ina small and hops. A speciallycontrolledstrainofyeast,not private ceremony and establishedhis home on the actually landscaped grounds an ingredient,servesas acatalystto near thebrewey.Today the propagate the original Coors home still stands, biochemicalreactionofconverting having been moved sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide, once 300 feetinorder to make way for brewery making beer. construction. The company presently distributesbeer in 14 states, including Arizona, California,Colorado, Idaho, Kan- In 1880, Coors bought out Schuelerand at age 33 he became sole owner of his sas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada,New Mexico, business. The brewery Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, andWyoming. The first Coors Porcelain Company in 1916 -48- -49- A Drinking glasses didn't exist in The Coors brewery, like others the 18th century and most beer oftheday,probably packaged was drunk from leather mugs - about 70% ofitsbeerinthe

r't r1 "black jacks." Pewter mugs were 31 -gallonoakbarrels,although also popular at the time of the records are not readily available to founding of Adolph Coors Comp- prove this. Such was the case until any; however, the glass mug was after Prohibition. becoming permanently established As the American breweries laid in the brewery -owned saloons by dormant for 16 years, the soft drink this time. industry was making major im- When Adolph Coors, Sr. moved provements in using bottles as a to Denver in May 1872, his first convenient package. This factor, business venture in the area was as combined with the introduction of a bottle manufacturer. He set up a the tinplate can after 1935, can The bottling businessinpartnership now be directly related to a steady with John Staderman. The partner- declineinthe useofkegsin shiplastedonly ayearbefore proportion to cans and bottles. "In Coors took over the business 1934, the first normal year after himself. In the 1873 Denver City Repeal, the ratio of sales was 75% evolution Directoryheadvertisedas,"a in favor of draught. Package sales dealer in Bottled Beer, Ale, Porter soared year after year until in 1941 & Cider." (Stanley Baron, Brewed they actually overtook the sales COOR3,,PORC4AIN COMPANY, GOLDEN, LOLO _S A In America, p. 250.) of draught 51.7% to 48.3%." of It was later that same year that (Stanley Baron, Brewed In Ameri- AdolphCoors,Sr. startedhis ca, p. 326.) brewery with Mr. Schueler. packaging

The Coots Procelain Company in 1925. (Please note the Quaintance Dance Pavillion on top of Castle Rock. Two cable cars are visibleon the tracks leading to the Pavilion.) Coors ContainerCompany boor In 1935 Adolph Coors began marketingthe tinplate mashed into 7 -ounce cans. can. Until then beer was sold in kegs or bottles. But Presently Coors Container Company,a wholly - bottles were an inconvenience; they had tobe returned owned subsidiary of Adolph Coors Company, and required a deposit. Tinplate is the cans were under attack largest single metal container manufacturingplant in because they were fast becoming litter problemsalong the world. It produces more than 2.7 billion roadways and parks. So in cans each At the time Adolph Coors, Sr. the mid -1950's Coors year bya sophisticated "draw andiron" method was establishing his breweryin began looking at a recyclable,returnable can. production. Aluminum cans-which were indefinitely Golden, packaging was mainly of recyclable- Many of the cans produced are recycled in theCoors two types - the oak barrel and the became the new focus. To make the dreama reality, "cash -for -cans" program which in 1976 Coors joined forces with Beatrice Foods, accounted for glass bottle. The tinplate can did Inc., to form nearly one-third of the totalofall aluminum cans not appear on the market until 1935 Aluminum International, Inc., and theresult was that recycled in America. and the aluminum can not until on Jan. 22, 1959, the first 7 -ounce all -aluminumcans The story of Coors Industries-Container, were marketed in eight packs. Porcelain, 1959. Brewery-is a story of immensecourage of one man Prior to 1873 or atleastuntil Soon after, a Coors ContainerDivision of Coors who took up the American dream Porcelain Company was established more than 100 years about 1850,muchofthebeer to further develop ago. Adolph Herman Joseph Coorswas challenged produced was packaged in wooden the aluminum can -makingprocess. At first, because the technology was so then to produce a quality beer and to keephis brewery kegs. Although some bottles were new, the division was alive despite the demise eachyear of hundreds of used before the eighteenth cent- responsible for the entire can makingprocess from neighboring breweries. Today the goals buying the aluminum in pigs, cutting of President ury, glass vessels were considered it into strips, and William K. Coors, his brother Joe and theManagement a prized possession and until the hot and cold rollingitto the proper thickness, to team are still the same: to survive through stamping out the slugs. The slugs the growth late 1800's, some were so precious were then literally of the business and through the quality ofthe product. they were included in a man's will. -50- -51- The advantage of the tinplate With foresight and concern, package containing the freshest can was at the time considered to Adolph Coors Company in1957 beer available.Since nothingis be many: nonreturnable, required began researching the feasibility of detachable from the can, the entire no deposit,eliminateddrinking a recyclable aluminum container. package is completely recyclable. from the same reusable container, In1959 Coorsplacedthefirst The emphasis on packaging has weighed less than glass and did aluminum beer container on the changed from convenience for the notallowthecontentstobe market. The now popular 7 -ounce consumer to environmental con- subjected to light. can wastheforerunnerofall cern over the last ten years. At this same time thebottle aluminum beer cans used today. Over the last century, packaging Tke GEraof companies were also busy devel- After other breweries began in the brewing industry has devel- oping a nonreturnable bottle. packaging beer in aluminum cans, oped to a point at which product These two packagesinmany another change brought even more protection and consumer conven- respects helped beer become a convenience to the consumer- ience have attained great heights. household beverage again. Where the pull tab top. But this, too, like In the future, even more conven- Coors legal,grocerystores,super- the tinplate can, was eventually to iently, environmentally sound markets, and liquor stores encour- bring environmental criticismto packages will be produced. Adolph &LIED Mit aged the use of such containers. the brewing industry. Coors Company will continue to Unforeseen to all was the impact Today's Coors aluminum beer research anddeveloppackages alted such a package would have on the can with its nondetachable Press with these ideals, a major consid- environment. Tab provides the consumer with a eration in its packaging designs.

Prohibiton,the cessationofalcoholic beverage win[WMUMBIPMENCIX.410114arvi-, production, was votedinto existencein1916in Colorado; national Prohibition started in 1918. This in turn created the question, "What do you do with a brewery if you can't make beer?" The "bomb" had exploded, and as the smoke and debris cleared, many brewers merely closedtheir Malt extract, another product produced by Coors plants, fired all help and either retired or entered an during Prohibition, was packaged in quart cans for sale entirely new field of endeavor. This, of course, meant a to bakeries and for home use. (Many have alluded that tremendous financial loss to those who decided to the extract sold to families was used for home brew.) abandon ship. Other products produced by the brewery were sweet A few very enterprising brewers, one of whom was cream butter, skim -milk flakes and buttermilk. Adolph Coors, immediately undertook the task of Of allthe products produced by Coors during using their plants to produce one or more alternate Prohibition, however, malted milk became the most products. At the Coors brewery, "near beer" was an popular and profitable. Malted milk was made with important product produced during the dry years. The milk, wheat and flour added to wort (unfermented near beer was brewed just as other Coors beer was, but beer). The mixture was cooked, dried and ground into a had the alcohol content removed by distillationto powder. The high natural vitamin and sugar content of insure that the alcohol content be no more than the wort flavored with milk and given body by adding one-half of one percent. Alcohol distilled from the near flour, made an extremelyhealthful and enjoyable beer was placed in government bonded warehouses on product for soda fountain concoctions. Saloons, now Coorspropertyand wasearmarkedforspecific out of business, were fast replaced by soda fountains BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE GOLDEN BREWERY PLANT AND GROUNDS. government regulated use. and ice cream parlors serving malted milks. -52- -53- wEEERE

Mars Candy Company (Mars,Inc.) Chicago,Ill., In the local ice cream parlors, Coors began to market became interested in the malted milk, was personally their malted milk in five -pound, ten -pound and twenty- contacted by Adolph Coors, Jr.,and the meeting pound cans.In addition, tablets similarinsize to resulted in an agreement that Mars would purchase the alka-seltzer tablets in glass tubes were marketed for entire Coors malted milk production to use in their candy store sales. candy. Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Bars were Helping Coors to advertise the malted milk were some of the widely known candy bars made of Coors merchandising items such as porcelain jars to sit on malted milk. the fountain back bars, measuring spoons, ash trays, Malted milk production continued at Coors until and a few non lighted signs. 1957, when it was decided to discontinue the product Grist Stone Although chocolate flavored malted milk was added in order to concentrate on beer production. In addition, to the line,it failed to gain acceptance and was soon local dairy herds began to diminish after World War II, discontinued. making it necessary to ship milk by stainless steel tank Because of the high quality of malted milk produced, truck from Colorado's Western Slope, reducing the As early as 1864, flour mills operated in Golden, the and just north of the mill. the name of Coors malted milk soon spread during the profitability of producing malted milk. grinding accomplished by two grist stones, the lower The upper grist stone had a ground face with a series 1920's. The high quality was due in part to the high Malted milk, as a product of Adolph Coors stationary, the upper rotated by a shaft driven by water of "slaunch 'n dicular" grooves and ridges, that insured Colorado altitudewhichallowedthebreweryto Company, is now history. But its importance remains power. The grist stone depicted here came from a flour a more complete grinding action and allowed the produce a malted milk with a moisture content 10 as a self-sustaining force of the Coors brewery during mill just north of Clear Creek on Ford Street, owned ground grain to be slowly runneled from between the percent less than any other brand. the lean era of Prohibition. last by Joe Peery. A mill creek ran through Parfet Park rock surfaces. -54- -55- Allmountain people come to know thebirds, especially the jays and bluebirds. And wild flowers, both fresh and dried, grace every home. 'You'll find columbines or cattails carefully placed in old crocks, old milk cans or in any antique container which has a Western past. Because the west was so recently settled there is a feeling of freedom and adventure to be found here still. Ride 'Em Cowboy About The West Many remember knowing real pioneers, for some are theirgrandparents,unclesorcousins.Theytell colorfulstories ofminers,traders, cattlemen and By Martin Fanning Indians as if the event had happened only yesterday. You'll find many people in Golden who have lived As the railroads pushed westward after the Civil War, here all their life, and their fathers before them. They they raised the curtain on the drama of the cattle have tales of floods, hard winters, horse and buggies, industry and introduced its most colorful actor, the and the 15 cent streetcar ride into Golden. These early American Cowboy. So late you came up to these families have developed a philosophy all their own- Golden boasts of its fair share of cowboys, both mountains from "live and let live." rodeo and ranch.Unlike the movie ortelevision A valley by the sea you hardly know The mountains, with their amazing heights and cowboy, the true range rider did not spend all his time JEFFERSON COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS Yet where to gather blossoms of wild sights, tell their own particular kind of story, and still battling bandits who held up the stagecoach. In fact, in Site of local and national rodeos and exhibitions plums; draw man to them now as long ago. These are the this area, a cowboy was rarely seen carrying a gun. But part of what you are was here pioneers of the new Western Age coming quickly upon A cowboy's life is monotnous, rarely dangerous, and before us. They will have their own stories to tell in the future is always filled with hard work. The pioneer cowboy's You came, and part of what you were - tales of different kinds of mining, ranching and job called for long, lonely hours in the saddle and his legs against fences, briars, cactus and biting animals. is gone. merchandising. bestfriend was his"pony". "You gottatalkto A cowboy's boots are made of leather, loose at the In Golden, our pioneers learned the meaning of hard Someone". In the evenings at the bunkhouse the men top. If he is thrown from a horse, he can pull his foot Thomas Hornsby Ferril out of his boot so he won't dangle from the stirrup. The "Waltz Against the Mountains" work, but they earned for us a western heritage built in mended their equipment, sang, or played cards with the midst of bright sunshine, pure Rocky Mountain their fellow cowboys. It was on rare visits to town that loose tops allow air to circulate and keep feet cool. Spring Water and glorious fresh air. the cowboy was most likely to get into trouble. After Stitched designs stiffen the leather so it will stay up Golden, Where the West Remains, welcomes you to many months on the range, he enjoyed "painting thewithout wrinkling. Boot toes are pointed so they will share with us our Western stage, and all the players on town red!" find the stirrup quickly. The high undercut heels keep it. The working dress of the cowboy then was the same his feet from slipping through the stirrups. The high as now. Itis designed for usefullness, comfort and heels dig into the ground and give him good footing safety. when he is roping on foot. The cowboy's broad brimmed hat is shade against Fences now enclose what used to be open cattle the sun and serves as an umbrella in the rain. That range. The great days of the unfenced cattle range are special hat is used as a pillow, to wave cattle, or to fan over. Our Golden Cowboys rideto workinfour- a bronc. It can be used as a dipper for water or food. wheel drive vehicles, and save their "ponies" for prize You'll find a cowboy wetting a new felt hat, (he doesn't winning shows. The Old West has become the New buy one often because he loves his shabby old one) West. Ask any local cowboy, and he'll tell you "it's just People who know the West only from books, TV and then pinching his own brand of crease into it. as exciting in 1977 as it was in 1877", and much more movies are often disappointed to find its cities much Like his clothes, the cowboy's saddle is designed for comfortable! the same as those anywhere else. But outside of the work. Heavy, deep and broad, it is built for comfort and citiesitis still possible to see something of the Old RIDE 'EM COWBOY West. as a solid seat for roping. Fastened (snubbed) to his saddle, and within easy reach, is a neatly coiled rope There are rodeos and ranches where Cowboys rope known as a lasso or lariat. calves, ride steers and bucking horses. There are still The lasso is carried around the saddle horn. The Indians whose languages have provided names for excitement of being unexpectedly "roped" by a new cities, rivers and lakes. There are moose, elk, deer, bear and mountain cowboy friend, as if you were his favorite steer, is a goats.Groundsquirrelsand thrilling experience only a "dude" could enjoy! chipmunks are everywhere. The coyotes bark in the Blue denim jeans fit snuggly around the waist and night and Buffalo still roam the range. stay up with a belt. The cowboy wears a neckerchief, The smell of pine trees fills the air and when the days folded and knotted, around his neck. He covers his arestill warm and the nights cold, men flockto Clear Creek in search of "gold." But the gold the face with it when dust storms, stinging winds or biting snow sweep across "the range", or the ranch. modern traveler seeks is the gold of the Aspen - the isshortfor CHAPAREJOS, a little tree whose leaves turn bright yellow each fall. The The word chaps trees "quake" and shimmer inthe sun and are a Spanish word meaning legging. Batwing chaps have spectacular sight! wide cowhideflaps.Yousee theminparades, decorated with silver or brass studs. Chaps protect the -56- -57- ..".wr'11111114111;.. jar

4111- 416,

Jefferson County ranching was never the million dollar business it was on the plains. Ranches were ...And Brands smaller and more diversified so the ranchers could make a living. Not only did they raise cattle, but they The old ranch fence. At the turn of the Century the focus was less on mining and more on agriculture, ranching, and tourist attractions. The heraldry of the West is emblazoned on Cowhide! cut hay, sold milk, raised vegetables and worked for The rancher's coat of arms is the brand worn by his each other. They did their own blacksmithing, their cattle.Itis his ID, so to speak, a burned -in sign of own branding, and their own fence building. They were ownership that neither wind nor rain,nor time can and past green valleys to get to their camps began to a "jack of all trades" breed. erase. Cattle raised in this area were driven either to Denver think a career switch might "pan out" to bemore profitable than the gold hunt. Along with the miners, or to Idaho Springs to be sold. After the railroads were "A Brand's Something That cattlemen and farmers soon realized that everyone had built, cattle were loaded here in Golden. Won't Come Off In The Wash" itis today to eat, and so became our first ranchers. Jefferson County would not be what Ranching... without its ranching heritage. The ranchers' courage For years Texas Longhorns had provided beef for the Before the days of fences on the range, calf roundup country, but the Civil War conflicts closed Texas and accomplishments provided the stuff out of which was an exciting event. Cowboys drove the calves to a markets. Jefferson County ranchers soon realized that strong counties are made. central spot and there they were branded with the they could buy Texas steers very cheap, fatten themup identifying marks of their owners. here, and quadruple their money with sales to the East. ...Barbed Wire... Cattle brands are a language all their own. When a mark was burned into a cow's hide, it told everyone - Ranching in Jefferson County started very early and Overgrazing,greathomesteading,andbreeding upgrading spelled doom to the Longhorns, however, Barbed wire didn't exist as long as the open range rustlers and others, who the cow's owner was. Brands Barbed Wire and Brands along with it. rule prevailed. Before the 1860's there were vast herds and purebreds became the rule. Today cattleare raised were registered, justlike trademarks, and by 1885 Jefferson County history and ranching grew along of cattle grazing on the open range. Beef herds roamed forqualityandtherearemoreregisteredthan Colorado had 50,000 cattle brands on file. with the state.In spite of the pioneering spiritof where only buffalo had gone before. Americans for new frontiers "The Great Americanunregistered cattle in Jefferson County. Each symbol that forms a part of a brand has a name But suddenly the cattle were being fenced out. and the manner in which a letter appears determines Desert" in 1820 didn't look too inviting. To anyone, that Farmers, with crops to protect were fencing their crops is, except the "mountain men," and they weren't telling how it is read. Brands are read from left to right, from in, and the open range no longer existed. top to bottom and from the outside in. too many people. In 1873 Joseph Glidden invented a new type of Things changed drastically in 1858 with Gregory's barbed wire. Farmers enclosed their land and this findofgoldinClear Creek Canyon. One ofthe angered the cattlemen. A period of violence between newcomers from the "states" across the "desert" was the ranchers and farmers followed. The government Jack Henderson. In the fall, he had 18 wearyoxen and came to the aid of the "nesters", as the cattlemen no winter feed. He turned them out, and much to his referred to the farmers, and helped them to rid their B Diamond B surprise, he found them fat and healthy in the Spring. land of cattle and ranchers who were using it illegally. R R BarLazy H A secret the Buffalo had known all along, ofcourse. Hiwan Homestead House Jefferson County's Museum. Soon the grazing land was no longer open and free. In !_IBox G Miners who had traveled through beautifulcanyons time the cattlemen also settled on fenced -in land. K RockingK -58- -59- Western Poetry By Robert Ransome

The Sound of Golden Milestones Climbing Together Within the trees We have been told, "your people must go". Climbing toward the peak together Souls touch the earth. Now, our heads are bent sadly to the ground Looking so far up ahead. Looking out at the snow rt As we ride, steady and slow. Ignoring the mud and the falling rain, Hearing children's mirth. Occasional glances toward the glare of the sun Breathing slow, thinking Instead The music of wine Reveal tall, powerful and ageless red sandstone, Of each step, thus avoiding the pain. And of hearts dealt slowly. Milestones on an endless journey Thoughts of what we will feel and say With these sounds of Golden we have Just begun. Photo Help keep the mind on the path. We'll never be lonely. Mile after lonely mile passes by. Unexpected difficulty now disappears, This mountain feeling, We are tired, and spent, yet we keep on, For just as I think I will not last, The warmth of Inner peace. Knowing we are sustained by the It's your encouraging voice I The music of Golden hear; saying Spirit of the Most High. Think how we'll feel and what we'll see, Will never cease. We have been told, "clear waters are ahead". When at long last we reach the summit, When friends sadly part, We must believe, again, and then again, You and I can then say to the others album And the laughter must end, For only by the Spirit of our souls are we led. Only together could we ever have done it. The music goes on We have triumphed hand in hand as brothers. With mountain friends. Long may we hear It, These sounds of Golden. Itis the music of Love "WhEIZE the wEst oe To which we are beholden. Out *here the hoactclet5fs a littie stronger, Out whereasmile dwellsatittle tortet That's where the West- bastns. nem there15 more o(-- sittsittSand kss of sighins, VItere there ismoreat- giving And 1055

oE 111,,tyfts, Anda tuan'Make,*fl1ainc15 without-- half- trying, The Can Reaching For Wildflowers

The beauty of old, red metal "I, Tall grasses Mixed with faded blue and white And wildflowers of many different colors. Seen through the golden strands 'where the NVe6t-- Star's Promise That'..5 The sound and feel of soft breezes of mid -summers grass P And the smell of pine, Is not just forgotten tin. Clear sky to the east The gentle reach of a chllds hand, The temptation is overcome which calls Reminds us of the days timeless tolls. All flowing together. to mind To the west, soft clouds This world of mine, 'Discarded trash' Bring needed moisture to our soil. So loving, In this valley we'll stay For beside the road, underneath this So perfect, grand, old ash, After travelling so far. Never to cease. Junk discarded is not just a can; Digging deep, knowing we reap Softly reaching for wildflowers, But rather a many colored reflector of beauty The promise of a silver star. And finding peace. Painted by the hands of man. -60- -61- Ae r1

. fr ellb._ Golden's main street in early 1870's. Pioneer woman was always ready to meet the early west's demands.

";.f ,) -4,,V,'. .7 ,,.; 11,,,,,t h'12(, 1!--` .1. i -.: 1 :e__ y.,.`'''' ,:),)!-'-'1.?,,,.,-y -t--- F--, ..,1''--- , ...... ;:. :Y.,- ..4, The Castle Rock Funicular, note the restaurant on top. Golden Thespians in 1889. The group is the oldest, f..1 A. kti/ active amateur group in the state of Colorado. A 1913 winter storm covered the Golden area with 8 feet of snow.

fato.4 -61a sTo teil;Tea Pkv$, rrn0l 411s tg.at

...... RIAN...... sts.1.1114#111. OOO 4.40.111. Mailaiiiiiinniiiii1113044,C,C)ZolE3CIIMID;ess,OOOOOO elm O O 4111 ...... 00.. 0 ... mi 000114..40arfirffhillfiliffid411=' iiiiiiiiiff 11011111111 l -1;4501mmatamouilikigemNaawot ii4010111002000tiNgtjl4 13144-W4.,..

General George West, Mrs. West and their grandchildren pose for Bella Vista Hotel built in 1890. The hotel stood on 10th Street where Mitchell Elementary is now. The photo taken in 1880. West was Founder of Colorado Transcript. soft brick and thin foundation couldn't hold the weight of such a large building. re, Coors mansion. -62- -63- S

-65- Tkingsto Seeani cho Map of Area

ocr BOULDER COUNTY 1 Colorado Railroad Museum 7b. Territorial Capitol 13.Buffalo Overlook One mile east of Golden on 44th Ave. The museum is GREAT WESTERN The Loveland Building at 12th and Washington, was As you drive up 1-70 from Golden toward Evergreen RESERVOIR a replica of an 1880 -style masonry railroad depot,it built in 1861. Legislative sessions were held on the you can view one of the few herds of buffalo on the ROCKY FLATS houses rare old papers, photos, artifacts and books on upper floor from 1862 to 1867 when Golden was the Eastern Slope. Take the Buffalo Overlook exit. railroading. Outside, displayedon authentictrack Territorial Capitol of Colorado. WESTMINSTER layouts,isan extensive collectionof narrow and 14. Hogback standard gauge locomotives and cars dating from the 7c. The Armory Building 1870's to the present era. A bonanza for railroad buffs! 1-70 near the Hwy 40 exit. A fascinating place for Hours 9:00 to 5:00 daily. Take 10th Street East. The largestcobblestone buildingintheUnited find an those interestedin geology. You will STANDLEY LAKE States, 3300 wagonloads of cobblestones were used in interesting walk andstudyofthe earth'slayers. 2. Adolph Coors Brewery the construction. The rocks are from Clear Creek and Plaquesalongtherockfaceprovideinteresting RALSTON thequartzfrom Golden Gate Canyon.13thand information about the formation of the cliffs along the RES 13th and Ford, Golden.Established in1873 by Arapahoe. Stale Eastern Slope. § ,4,4Park Rec Area WHITE Adolph Coorsinpartnership with Jacob Schueler. 14ate RANCH Coors bought out Schueler in 1880 and the Coors 8aPioneer Museum 15. Hiwan Homestead E ARVADA family has operated the company ever since. Tours of the brewing and bottling facilities are daily from 9 to 4. 91110thSt.,Golden. Operated bythe D.A.R. An old 17 room log house builtin the late 1880's, The company is closed Sundays and holidays. Contains historical exhibits and nostalgia from the home of an Episcopalian vicker.Itis operated by the early days of Golden and Colorado. Hours: 1:00 to 5:00 Jefferson County Historical Society as a museum. In 3. Heritage Square weekdays. (Winter) 9:00 to 5:00 weekdays (Summer) addition to tours of the old homestead, the society t No admission charge, runs a program of craft classes and changing historic 0. ,OLDEN GATE One mile west of Hwy. 6 and 40 interchange in exhibits. Hours: 12:00 to 4:00 Tuesday thru Sunday. CANYON Golden. The replica of a pioneer town is located on the 8b. The Rock Flour Mill Warehouse Located on Meadow Drive in Evergreen. site of Apex, which was founded in 1860. The Apex and 1., Gregory Wagon Road went up the gulch west of the Built in 1863, corner of 8th and Cheyenne, is the 16.Central City ..04f cr square.An old-fashioned,new (angledshopping oldest industrial building in Golden. The red granite center with a delightful 1880's atmosphere. It includes rock (from Golden Gate Canyon) basement walls are 2 CENnu(r) CLEAR CREEK CANYON West of Golden via Hwy 6, This historic mining town Cal' COLFAX AVE 30 unique craft and gift shops, four restaurants, and a feet thick. The original cedar beams and wood floors features operas and plays in addition to the many craft Victorian opera house offering a fun melodrama -dinner add to the old warehouse's character and sturdiness and gift shops that line the streets. There are authentic 6th AVE O theatre. A train, peddle boats, minature golf and riding that has endured for 114 years. The old building now old hotels and saloons scattered throughout the quaint STALSTON stables add to the fun. Open 10:00 to 9:00 daily. houses antique shops. z old town. Nearby there are active and once -active gold 4:1) mines...some conduct tours.It was once known as ALAMEDA 0 4. Foothills Art Center IDAHO 0 9. Jefferson County Fairgrounds "the richest square mile on earth." The old Teller 0 0 House and its "Face on the Barroom Floor" are located SPRINGS 15th and Washington, Golden. Originally the First GENESEE PARK 15200 W. 6th Ave., Golden. Site of many year round here. ,LIOSPWRit LAKEWOOD I Presbyterian Church, dedicated June 16, 1892.It was activities including national and local rodeos, one of modified in 1892 and 1898. Later a Unitarian Church, these being the Little Britches Rodeo held the second TO ECHO LAKE RED the art center was established in 1968. The center is weekend in June. Quarter midget races, horse shows & MT. EVANS ROCKS located at 15th and Washington, Golden. Open 9 to 4 and the 4th of July Festival of the West featuring PAR, Monday through Saturday. 17. Mt. Evans and Echo Lake REAR CREEK square dancing, gold panning, horse shows, a frontier CANYON village and booths with homemade crafts and food. It 5. Red Rocks Park is also the home of the Westernaires, a group of young West of Golden via 1-70 to Hwy 103. Drive up the breath -taking highway to Mt. Evans, the highest auto horsemen famous for their precision drilling. You may T.47 TRRON A world famous phenomenon of geology, where view their drilling practices any Saturday morning. road anywhere in America. At the top (14,264 ft. high) RTLERV,R roads wind between sandstone ledges to Red Rock you may view the inspiring scenery of snowy peaks, INDIAN HILLS Theatre, a natural outdoor amphitheatre, surrounded 10. Buffalo Bill's Museum silvery streams and a million trees far below. At the by soaring red boulders, scene of our annual Easter base of Mt. Evans lies Echo Lake, encircled with pines, Sunrise Service and of evening concerts featuring top Located atop scenic Lookout Mountain.Itisthe a delightful cool stop where you can picnic, hike or name entertainers. resting place for William Fredrick Cody, alias Buffalo fish. Bill, perhaps the most widely known of the western 6. Geology Museum, Colorado School of Mines scouts. Cody rode for the Pony Express, organized buffalo hunts for foreign royalty, scouted for the U.S. 18 Idaho Springs 16th and Maple, Golden. The presentColorado Army and toured the U.S. and Europe with his wild School of Mines had its beginnings in Golden in 1874. west show. The Geology Museum at 16th and Maple was West of Golden via1-70.Thisiswhere George constructed in 1940 and features minerals, geology, Jackson discovered gold in Clear Creek in 1859. Piles mining and fossils in many exhibits. In addition to fine 11. Mother Cabrinl Shrine of raw rock strewn on the mountain sides are testimony mineral and invertebrate fossil collections, the to the hard -rock mining boom that followed. Today museum also contains the Thomas Allen Mine Lamp Off 1-70 on Lookout Mountain, exits 57 and 58. Idaho Springs is a blend of ghost town, mineral springs collection, the Irwin Hoffman Mining Murals, a gold Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini moved to Denver in 1890 resort and a focal point for side trips into the hills. mine replica, meteorites, and area geology exhibits. from Italy. She founded the Order of the Missionary Hours: 10:00 to 3:00 Monday thru Friday, 1:00 to 3:00 Sisters of the Sacred Heart and an orphanage. She died Sunday. in 1917 and was canonized in 1946. 19. Experimental Mine

7. and 8. Downtown Golden 12. Jefferson County Conference and Nature Center In Idaho Springs west of Golden vial -70. Few working mines still exist, somehow evading the destiny that 7a. Astor House On ColorowRoadonLookoutMountain. The saw others produce millions In rich ores, then fade Into Center's 110 acres contains conference facilities,a history. The Edgar Mine, known as the Colorado 12th and Arapahoe, Golden. Was built by Seth Lake nature museum and a three -fourths mile nature trail School of Mines Experimental Mine, might now be one in 1867 as a true Astor -type including furnishings and through the ponderosa forest and mountain meadow. of these ghost mines of the past.Inthe 1870'sIt services.Itis the first stone hotel built west of St. The nature trailis available free to the public seven produced high-grade silver and some gold, lead, and Louis and the oldestremainingInColorado. An days a week. The trail hours are 10:00 to 6:00in copper. Now it produces rich and valuable experience excellent display of early hotel furnishings are in the summer and 10:00 to 5:00 the remainder of the year. for CSM students.Studentsconducttoursand structure. Hours 10:00 to 4:00 Tuesday thru Saturday. Nature museum facilities are open from 10:00 to 5:00 demonstrate mining equipment. Tours given 8:30 to Tours are conducted. No admission charge. daily. 3:00 Wednesday thru Saturday. -66- -67- * Coors Golddh

Lookout Mtn

A Walking Tour 11

of Golden's Genesee I Mtn Park History Bergen The Lariat Park Red 11 Rocks Perk 11 Idesledele Trail Loop A Kittredge Morrison The old Guy Hill School In its new location. Evergreen

7.1 Start at 12th & Ford Courtesy American Automobile Association. Walk west up 12th Street past the old Guy Hill stone, this building was completed in 1913. It servedas Vernon Country Club entrance toward Genesee School. This building was constructed in 1876. Itwas Headquarters for Company A of the Engineering Corps, This local tour circles through the foothills on the Mountain Park (clearly posted.) The tour route crosses moved from itssitein Golden Gate Canyon toits Colorado National Guard, the only engineering Corps. over 170 and enters Genesee Park. The gravel road present location by the U. S. M. Corps Reserve and famous "Lariat Trail." The route offers several west of the Mississippi. Continuing west on 12th overviews of the metropolitan area, winding roads circles Genesee Mountain, then rejoins 170. Enter the restored by the children of Mitchell Elementary School Street some of Golden's best examples of Victorian Interstate westbound for one mile, then take the as a Centennial Bicentennial project. through the evergreen - carpeted Denver Mountain homes can be seen. Most of these homeswere built in Parks, a canyon drive, and a visit to Red Rocks Park El Rancho Exit (Colorado Hwy. 74). the 1800's when Golden was a supply center for the and Amphitheater. From El Rancho the tour meanders through Bergen 12th & Washington gold fields in the mountains and a smelting center Park to Evergreen. At Evergreen, continue on Hwy. 74 The Loveland Building was built in 1860 by W. A. H. To begin the Lariat Trail, turn west on 19th gold coming out of the mountains. throughKittredge andintoBear Creek Canyon. Lovelandto house the territorial Legislature on the The road climbs steeply, traversing Lookout Mountain to Lookout Mountain Park, A look back down on the Numerous picnic areas are available along the canyon. second floor. It has always had a mercantile storeon Illinois The south entrance to Red Rocks Park is intercepted the main floor.If you look at the top of the building road reveals the engineer's "lariat." Going south on Illinois will take you into the heart of In the mountain park is the gravesite of "Buffalo Bill" near Morrison as Highway 74leavesBear Creek next door, you will see COORS. This building was built the School of Mines Campus. Guggenheim Hall,on the Canyon. Turn north into the park area where roads wind by Adolph Coors Sr. at the turn of the century Cody. There is also a museum containing momentoes as a west side of the street, was completed in 1906.It through towers of red sandstone. In the park is the saloon with living quarters above. oftheworldfamousIndianscoutand western honors a Colorado School of Mines benefactor Simon entertainer who requested that he be buried on Lookout famous natural amphitheater, the scene of an Easter Guggenheim. It now houses the administrative offices Sunrise Service and many summer musical events. 12th & Arapahoe Mountain. The admission is free. of the school. From Lookout Mountain Park, continue on the Lariat From Red Rocks Park east entrance proceed north The Astor House was built in 1867 and is the oldest Loop Road to U.S. 40. Follow U.S. 40 past the Mount on Hwy. 26 to 40 to 6 and back to Golden. remaining stone hotel in Colorado. The hotel isopen 15th & Illinois for tours 10 a.m. - 4 p.m. Tuesday thru Saturday during The Geology Building of C.S.M. has an outstanding the summer. During the winter 10-4 Saturday by museum. Some of the finest and most unusual mineral appointment. The rooms in the hotel are decorated in specimens in the world can be found here. There isa the manner of the residents of the area in the 1800's miniature Colorado gold mine and explanation of the legislators,miners, cowboys andsettlers. A tour history of mining. through the Astor House will treat you toa brief but interesting history of the area. 15th & Washington Walking east down 15th Street will bringyou to 13th & Arapahoe Foothills Art Center. The Art Center is housed in the Looking south from the Astor Houseone sees old Presbyterian Church. The building was completed Calvary Episcopal Church. This is one of Golden's and dedicated June 16, 1872, as the First Presbyterian oldest churches being built in 1867. The Consecration Church of Golden. Foothills Art Center purchased the ceremony was held by Bishop Randall on September building in 1968. It now serves as a place for exhibition, 23,1868. BishopRandallandthechurchwere display and sales of many art forms. instrumental in the founding of Colorado School of This tour should take between one and two hours Mines. Across the street is the Armory Building made depending on how much time is spent at each site. famous in "Ripley's Believe It Or Not"as the largest Remember you are at 5,600 feet altitudeso the walk cobblestone building in the U.S. Using 6,600 tons of should be taken at a leisurely pace. -68- -69- the cornerstone. The block had the gift of the Falcon castle to the Hiking Into The previously been displayed at the presidents of the United States, corner of 17th and Stout in Denver. from the people of Colorado. Ruins Then -president Woodrow Wilson Farther up the trail that passes Hiking and was supposed to be present for the by the Walker house is a lookout Mount Falcon cornerstone ceremony, but more shelter, from which Denver and its Nature Near pressing matters engaged him and suburbs can be seen. Walker had to lay the stone without These sights south of the ruins Golden Park the chief executive who was to live are accessible by taking the right White Ranch Courtesy of in the castle. fork in the main trail. Golden Daily Transcript While the project was still "hot" A traveler taking theleftfork Park Two sets of ruins can be seen in news, hyperbolic accounts blos- is treated to a walk along a trail Jefferson County Jefferson County's Open Space somed in many journals.For thatmeanders throughalarge Mount Falcon Park. instance: meadow gashed by afledgling Conference and Approximately 15 miles oftrailcrisscross White One was the home ofJohn "As the sun goes down in the stream. The stone towers can be Nature Center Ranch Open Space Park north of Golden. Brisbane Walker, founder of Cos- West the landscape becomes a seen from many points on the The Jefferson County Open SpaceDepartment mopolitan Magazine. The other is vast sweep ofbeauty-the sky 3/4 -mile trail, but the reentry into allows horseback riding, a the forest hides the ruins from view Atop Lookout Mountain hiking, snowshoeing and the remains ofhis dream of above opal, amethyst, topaz, tur- cross country skiing on the paths. Motorcyclesor other Western White House beginning quoise or aquamarine, and a for a short while until they are motorized vehicles are forbidden in Open Spaceareas. with President Woodrow Wilson. hundred ridges displayingevery encountered head-on. Windows and doors of the castle Amble along the 3/4 mile "Company of the Trees"trail Mule deer, elk, black bear, mountain lion,bobcat, There is one picknicking area at shade of green, from the bright through the ponderosa pines on Lookout Mountain. wild turkey and golden eagle range throughthe park, the trailhead, and no camping is emerald of the mountain meadows slowly crumble side -by -side with ofthe what remains of four huge towers. Take a deep breath and enjoy the fresh incense ofthese and a careful visitor may spot some of theabundant allowed. to the tourmaline depth groves. Consider your walk a pleasant diversion from wildlife. The trails may be used by hikers, pines. Weathered studs, as well as holes clamor, commitment, and consequence. Visitors may approach the parkon Crawford Gulch horseback riders, snowshoers or "...The natural loveliness of the for them, can be spotted in places We invite you, the curious naturalist, to experience Road off Golden Gate Canyon Rd. Anotherentrance cross country skiers. No motorized scene is, according to the plans, to along the main walls. byamagnificent Thunderheadsrolllazilyover- the ponderosa forest in a different way. Respondto the has been proposed off Pine Ridge Rd. west of Highway vehicles are allowed on the trails. be enhanced 93. head, reminding the casual hiker to feeling of the forest and realize the "harvestof a quiet The traveling trails can take from system of approaches and terraces eye." 30 minutes to 8 hours, and nearly whichwillsoften and adorn a observecautiononthislonely The Center's 110 acres contains conference facili- every place of interest may be seen thousand -foot precipice which the mountaintop. castle will overlook on one side." Itis ironic that Walker's lesser ties, a nature museum and a 3/4 along the trails of Mount Falcon mile nature trail venture, the rejuvenation of Cos- through the ponderosa forest and mountainmeadow. Park. ColoradoArchitect J. B. The nature trailis available free to the public seven John Brisben Walker made his Benedict designed the castle as a mopolitan magazine, brought him fortune from the sale of a once - hisfortune,whilehisglorious days a week,exceptforThanksgivingDay and towering Bavarian -style mansion, Christmas Day. The trail hours are 10 strugglingmagazine thathe tobe formed fromnativerock dream of a summer castle was laid a.m. to 6 p.m. in in his usual to ruins, forgotten by the public the summer and 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. the remainderof the brought back to life sliced from nearby mountains. virtuallydestroyedbythe year. Nature museum facilities are open from 10 a.m. grand fashion. He lost his fortune A lightning bolt in 1918 put an and powerful forces of nature. to 5 p.m. daily. Conference facilities for 25to 110 grandly in the mountains of Colo- abrupt end to Walker's dreams of a persons. rado, and the remains of what was glorious monument for the presi- To reach thesitedrive from to be Falcon Castle are all that is dent. He was not able to generate Golden south on Hwy. 93 to 26 to left of his proud dream. enough continued interest in the Morrison to Colo. 74, to reach the Walker traveled to Colorado with idea, probably because of the war Parmalee Gulch Road leading to a federal study group that was to inEurope, and work was never Indian Hills. The turnoff for the White Ranch Park investigate the feasibility of alfalfa finished on the castle. park is marked with a green sign, Theland, withopen and is near Parmalee Elementary One picnic area has already been established,and growth in the state. bought School. another one is being planned. No camping iscurrently BothWalker andthealfalfa space money, now belongs to the allowed in the park, but a camping sitehas been flourished, and hissuccesses county. Among the many attrac- proposed. prompted him to divise a grand tions in the park: Drive north on Hwy. 93 from Golden to GoldenGate plantobuilda summer White The Walker home, near the isvisible from the CanyonRoad,westapproximately4.4milesto House for the President,tobe castle ruins, Crawford Gulch Road. Travel Crawford GulchRoad to used three months out of every parking area. Near the house is a the White Ranch Park sign. year as his exclusive residence. well bearing a wrought -iron arch Duringtheremainingseasons, with the inscription, "Am Brunnen bondholders (at 1,000 each) would vor dem Torre (da stehtein be entitled to use the house. The Lindenbaum.") the firstlinesof estimated cost of the castle was Schubert's melody, "Der Linden- $50,000, with expense of the road baum." The passage translates as, to the house to be four times that. At the well before the town gate..." 14. 0 rende:n/f This is the architect's othe Hiking at the Nature Center Walker began his dream Near the well is a tablet set into summer home that was to be built for the use of the house in 1914, with the laying of a stone marker commemorating country's presidents. -70- -71- years and historians now agree thatthe defiant, spectacular jump was made by one of his tribesmen. 2 miles west of Lookout Mountain, Scenic Overook. ECHO LAKE PARK: At the base of Mount Evans, which became accessible to motorists after a four year Mountain stint of road building, this is the highest point in the park system, with an altitude of 10,600 feet, just below Summit Lake. altitude 12,740 feet. A lodge built by Denver was opened in 1926 in conjunction with the highway opening. From Golden 1-70 West, exit Mt. Parks- Evans, Hwy. 103. Tables, playgrounds, fireplaces, Golden Gate shelter houses, picnic grounds, hiking trails and lodge. 47 miles approximately. Mountain Parks Near Golden LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN PARK: This site was first Canyon State Park boosted in 1893 by a committee of the Denver Real In 1917, before the mountain parks system was even Estate Exchange as a future resort which would attract close to completion. car watchers (and who wasn't, in tourists and summer home owners from throughout "The Road to Golden Gate". that bicycle -built for -2 era?) counted 300,000 visitors the nation. It occupies 200 acres and looms 2000 feet driving their horseless carriages into the new parks above the county seat, Golden. Nearby is the Buffalo "camp robbers" play. Beaver and muskratactivity can during the June -August period. The automobile traffic Bill museum, built by the city at a cost of $18,000 and be observed in the stream channels. Groundsquirrels count exceedeed figures compiled by all national parks opened in May, 1921, as a lasting memorial to the scurry about, pausing occasionally to contemplate the through the country during the same period. famed scout who adopted Denver as his home. park visitor. GENESEE PARK: The largest of the mountain parks From Golden: Travel north on Highway 93, two miles Architect's plans specified a two-story building of to HIKE: Over 30 miles oftrailsoffer pleasure or with 2340 acres includes the famed buffalo herd which rough logs and stone, described at the time as typical County Road 70 (Golden Gate Canyon Road). Turn left challenge. Each trailis named after an animal and wanders on either side of Interstate 70, passing from and continue for 14 miles. of the "sincere, unpretentious epoch" in which Buffalo marked with the animal's foot print. Trail difficultyis one grazing area to another through a tunnel Golden Gate Canyon State Park, located 15 miles Bill Cody lived. Management of the restaurant in the coded by the background shape and color ofthe constructedundertheheavilytraveledroadway. museum was leased to Cody's foster son, John Baker. northwestofGolden,offersover 8500acresof marker. Genesee, which includes Genesee Mountain, was the mountainous Front Range country for a wide variety of Fireplaces, shelter house, tables, Buffalo Bill's grave RIDE: Horseback ridingis encouraged alongall goal of the first roadway built into the park system in and museum. Take 19th St. west out of Golden. year round outdoor recreation experiences. Trails once "easy" trails. Privately -owned horsesmay be brought 1913, a 20 -foot wide thoroughfare with the spiral road traveled by gold miners, lumber jacks and home- DEDISSE PARK: Two miles west of Evergreen, this into the park; horses for rent are also availablefrom to the 8270 foot high Genesee Mountain considered a is one of the many parks in which the CCC and later the steaders traverse the area. Quiet mountain meadows nearby stables. Hayrack rides area frequent occur- marvel of the times. Chief Hosa Camp Grounds, with and a fast flowing streamlend their mystique to WPA developedduringdepressiondays.It was rence in the summer. its attractive rustic lodge, is one of the few mountain originally the farm of pioneer John Dedisse. Today the Golden Gate. Some 100 miles of the Continental Divide FISH: Fishing is permitted inany stream or pond in parks where a slight fee is charged for over-nighters. can be seen from Panorama Point Overlook. Fishing, 55 acre Evergreen Lake covers what were once lush hay the park with the exception of the Visitor'sCenter The lodge was originally constructed as the summer fields used, off season, by Evergreen residents as a photography andmountainclimbingarepopular Show Pond.During the summer months, Ralston home of the American Legion and its honor group, the activities. ball field. The adjoining public golf course of 18 acres Creek and the park ponds are stocked withtrout by the 40 and 8. Original acquisition was 1200 acres of land. A Nature walks and evening programs offer instruction was the gift to the city of the Troutdale Hotel and Division of Wildlife. few miles from Golden via1-70, Genesee exit. Has Realty Co. in 1926. Following a condemnation suit in in panning for gold, distinguishing edible plantsand CAMP: Golden Gate offers a variety of playgrounds, tables,fireplaces,shelter house, and flyfishing. camping the early 20's the Dedisse land was acquire for the lake, Further informationisavailable atthe facilities. The park visitor may stayup to 14 days softball field. Visitor's Center and Campground Information Center. which originally was designed as "an Alpine lake" with within any 45 day period. O'FALLON PARK: The gift of Martin J. O'Fallon, the shores to be dotted with pavillions and fishing The elevation of Golden Gate Canyonranges from PICNIC: Scenic picnic spots arelocated along chairman of the board of Crane O'Fallon Plumbing 7,600 to 10,400 feet. Colorado blue spruce and willow docks. Chief purpose in acquiring this land was for Ralston Creek and near the historic barnsat Old Barn Supply Co. and a long time businessman. 860 acres of construction of a 35 foot high dam to control the floods are located along the creek bottoms. Sunny, south- Knoll. Other sites can be found at PanoramaPoint, the 1400 acre siteinBear Creek Canyon between facing slopes support ponderosa pine, Rocky Moun- which constantly ravaged Bear Creek, and taking Bootleg Bottom or Kriley and Slough Ponds. Kittridge and Indian Hills were dedicated in 1939. The roadways and homes in their paths. The dam was tain juniper and meadows of Indian paintbrush, lupine GROUP PICNIC: The Red Barns offera rustic setting land was originally part of the ranch of mining engineer and aster. constructed in 1922 at a cost of $214,000 and occupies Forests oflodgepole pine, aspen and for an outdoor gathering. Reservations for this facility George Bancroft. The gift to the city added a new link Douglas fir are found on the north -facing slopes. Here a two -lot site which was the gift of John S. McBeth. 2 must be made well in advance at the Visitor's Center. in the chain of mountain parks, joining Corwina and miles west of Evergreen on Hwy. 74. Playgrounds, too, grow myriads of flowers, such as wildroses, PenceParksina continuousstretchalongthe geraniums and columbines. This thriving diversity of fireplaces,tables,shelter house,club house and Parks Pass picturesque canyon. Bancroft reserved his home on the winter ice skating. 27 miles approximately. Hwy 40 to plant life at Golden Gate provides home and foodfor a acreage for his own use. Golden Hwy. 40 to 26 to variety of wildlife species. 26 to Morrison and Hwy 74. A vehicle entering the park is required to displaya MorrisontoHwy.74.Fireplaces,tables,picnic STAPLETON PARK: This 300 acre tract, named in current Colorado State Parks Pass. Two types of grounds and hiking trails, 23 miles approximately. Mule Deer and Muskrat honor of the late, famed Denver mayor Ben Stapleton, passes are available. A daily pass sells for $1.00 and is COLOROW POINT: The smallest of the mountain was opened in June, 1936, as a scenic drive reaching valid through the day of purchase and expiresat 12:00 parks, this 0.37 of an acre park, west of Lookout into areas of forest land which had previously been The presenceoffootprints,bones,feathersor noon on the following day. The Annual Parks Pass is Mountain near Genesee Mountain was named for the inaccessible to motorists.Itis located 1-70 west of droppings along trails are evidence of wildlife.Mule $5.00 and is valid at any state park or recreation famed local Indian chief, Colorow of the Ute tribe. deer,coyotes and area for Golden off U.S. Highway 40. porcupines frequentthe open the remainder of the calendar year. Park Passesmay be According to legend, Colorow defied the encroachment ponderosa meadows. High above the park, hawks soar purchased at the Visitor's Center, Campground,and of the white man by plunging from this point 2000 feet effortlessly, while at lower elevations Canadianjays or major park entrances. to his death. But Colorow outlived the legend by 20 -72- -73- 1-70

GEORGETOWN Eisenhower Tunnel Chamberlain Observatory, 2990E.Warren Ave. 1-70 (753-3527). Lectures on astronomy for the layman, Golden Tues. & Sat., at 7 pm & 9 pm, with a special view Colo 9 BAKERVILLE SILVER PLUME through a twenty inch refracting telescope. Free. Courtesy Denver Magazine Denver Walking Tour, a guided stroll through the old Loveland Pass Museums residential area south of the State Capital, year round, DILLON from 9:30-2 pm daily. Call for reservations. (744-9846 or Denver Museum ofNatural History,CityPark 388-9898). 5 c) (399-0870) Hours: 9-4, Mon -Sat; Noon -4:30, Sun & Governor's Mansion, 400 E. 8th Ave. Tours every KEYSTONE Holidays. Tuesday from10-2.For groupsof10ormore, Gates Planetarium Star Theater, Denver Museum of reservations requested. (759-7320). Natural History, City Park. The Gates Planetarium is outer space in a domed room. Gates has shows which Art take the mind elsewhere,especiallythepopular MONTEZUMA Laserium where laser beams create a show to music Denver Art Museum, 100 W. 14th Ave. (297-2794). nightly. No matter how many times Laserium is seen, For those with what they suppose are highbrow it's always different. Sit in the chairs, lie on the floor, tastes - or for the few genuine highbrows around - stand at the back of the room, and watch the spacethere is the Denver Art Museum, where floor upon floor A Day Trip West To Georgetown, come alive with a frantic yet planned display of the holds artistic delights. inner workings of a laser.Laseriumissomething experienced, not seen or perceived in the ordinary way, Then On To The Top Of The World and it's worth doing at least once. The planetarium also Sports has other shows which give information on space and CentennialRace Track,5300S. FederalBlvd. flights of fantasy, along with a display of telescopes in (794-2661). the lobby. For an interesting day, you could do the Colorado Rockies, Ice Hockey. All Rockies home From Golden take U.S. 6 west to County Court House, the County the lake. Boating and fishing are Museum of Natural History, which is a museum like games are held in McNichols Sports Arena. Jail and various churches. available here. Return to 1-70 east some others but good nevertheless, and then do the Denver Broncos, Football,(433-7466).All home Head west on 1-70 to SILVER - to the EISENHOWER MEMORIAL planetarium at night. Public evenings with telescopes GEORGETOWN games are held at Mile High Stadium. PLUME, a still relatively untouched TUNNEL. The firstbore ofthe are sometimes held. Denver Nuggets, Basketball. (893-6700). All Nuggets Victorian mining community which tunnel was opened totrafficin Denver Botanical Gardens, 1005 York St. Tropical In1860, George and David home games are held at McNichols Sports Arena. Griffith found gold near the head of is only now awakening from a long 1973. It is 8,941 feet long and is the and sub -tropical plants. 9-5 daily. Clear Creek, naming their camp period of dormancy. longest vehicular tunnel in North Forney Transportation Museum, 1416Platte Views & Tours Georgetown. The miners that fol- The terminusofthenarrow America and the highest (11,000 (433-3643). lowed soonretreatedwhenno gauge Georgetown Loop Railroad feet above sea level) automobile Molly Brown House, 1340 Pennsylvania (832-1421). Driving more gold could be found. The is here. Poke around in the railroad tunnel in the world. Denver Historic Wax Museum, 919Bannock Capitol Hill Griffith brothers remained in the yards - chances are goodthat A second bore, which eventually (255-7941). Famous national and western personalities canyon even after their gold mine you'll find another railroad buff or will carry two lanes of eastbound captured during their moments of greatness. Special Of allthe Rocky Mountain states, Colorado played out. two doing the same thing. 1-70 traffic, currently is under group rates for schools, churches, clubs. 10-5 daily. undeniably has the most varied and colorful history. Four years later, Colorado's first Head west on 1-70 to BAKER- construction. Antique Dolls ofGoodwill,3050Lawrence Many interested Denverites, anxious to experience large silver lode was discovered VILLE, where an old mining road Return 1-70 east and U.S. 6 to (266-3772). some of this, aren't exactly sure how to go about it. and the prospectors returned, tap- heads up Grizzly Gulch(itsfor Golden. Colorado State Museum, 200 14th, directly south of Mistakenly, they feel that the only way is to visit some ping over 100 silver veins around four -wheel -drive vehicles only, the State Capitol (892-2069). Historic exhibits featuring remote area, miles back in the mountains. What they Georgetown. The community however.) Take 1-70 for a look at people that have made Colorado their home-ranging failto realizeisthat Denver itselfhas many the mountains from the "Top of the from thecliffdwellers of Mesa Verde to today's boomed to a prosperous position architectural and historical buildings that convey a as the third largest city in Colorado World" at LOVELAND PASS. This Coloradans. The museum is also the headquarters of marvelous sense of Colorado's past. and was nick -named the "Silver is the Continental Divide, 11,992 the State Historical Society of Colorado and includes One suchrichhistoricalareaistheCapitol Queen." foot high. Water on the east side of an extensive western research library and photographic Hill/Quality Hill district, many of whose structures The rich era collapsed in 1893 the pass eventually flows into the collection. The exhibits are open free to the public on date from the 1880's,'90's, and turn -of -the -century when silver was demonitized, but Gulf of Mexico, while streams on weekdays from 9:00 a.m.to5:00p.m.,and on years. Lying between Broadway and Corona St., and over 200 fine original buildings still the west side end up in the Pacific Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays from 10:00 a.m. to extending from 20th Ave. to 7th Ave., this neighbor- Ocean. 5:00 p.m. stand offering some of the best hood was Denver's first exclusive suburb. When a examples of Victorian architecture On the other side of the pass, a Coloradan prospered in mining, cattle raising, agricul- in the United States. These include quick side trip will take you to the Views & Tours ture, or business, one unmistakable way to display his the Hamill House, Hotel De Paris "ghost town" of Montezuma. Or, if new-foundsuccess wastobuildan impressive you prefer the more modern crea- Guided and the Bowman/White House. mansion in the state's capitol city. Now of course he Other historic structures are the ture comforts, stop at DILLON, a couldn't locate his "monument" down where Denver new town created when the Dillon DenverMint,Colfax Alpine #2FireHouse,theold at Cherokee, downtown got started, on Market, Larimer, or Lawrence Streets, Reservoir was flooded and the old (837-3582). Twenty minute tours conducted every 15 MissouriFireHouse,theStar but you may drive there to see the monuments of an Hook and Ladder Fire House, the town was covered by the waters of minutes, 9 and 11 a.m. and 1 and 2:30 p.m., Mon. -Fri. area "removed from the rabble." -74- -75- City* Black Hawk

c, GOLDEN r/...4.

ECHO RED ROCKS 9F.1.1WAASS 21 .9 PARK DENVERMTN. ARAPAHO PARKS Morrison .mt NAT. E,oni FOR.

iirOf -7" BOOMING IDAHO SPRINGS, seat of major gold discovery In 1859, hada long and A Day Trip Where The prosperous mining life. Here Is the Newhouse (later Argo) mill and tunnel which pierced deep under the mountains for five miles to tap mines as faraway as Central City. Open for tours. Miners Used to Climb A typical ore wagon About 1880 Central City...Something For Everyone A CENTURY AGO themountainsinGolden's mining boom that followed. Today Idaho Springs is a By Jack Hidahi backyard teemed with prospectors who panned from blend of ghost town, mineral springs resort and a focal Central City is a timeless community. She is a city surroundings. To round things off,this small bubbling streams and dug from rocky hillsides. In the point for side trips into the hills. You will enjoy the free with a rich and glorious history. That history lives community boasts of two art galleries and an entire first great strike, Central City was transformed froma conducted tour of the EDGAR MINE, an experimental today. At the height of its affluence in 1874, the city street of craft shops. There is literally something for crude mining camp into a boom town. Now you can classroom of the Colorado School of Mines. Continue was destroyed by fire.Immediately the town was everyone in Central City. relive those days, traveling on well -paved roads where west on U.S. 40 and 6. At Junction Route 103, turn left rebuilt in brick and steel. Today, Central has the same In addition to the regularly scheduled entertainment, the narrow-gauge railroad once chugged and puffed. anddrivesouthbetweenthewallsofChicago general appearance. Those visitors, who take the time Central sponsors numerous special events. Perhaps You'll drive to the cool summit of Mount Evans, on Creek Canyon into ARAPAHOE NATIONAL FOREST, to notice, will discover the intricate Victorian trim the most enduring of these is Gregory Day. Celebrated the highest auto road anywhere in America, with the one million acres of mountain magnificence. The decorating nearly every building. Those interested in a the first SaturdayinMay, the dayisdevoted to beautiful scenery of Arapahoe National Forest on all mighty Arapahoe, with elevations over 14,000 feet, glimpse of Victorian life will enjoy a tour of one of the remembering John Gregory. Gregory made the first sides. Pack a lunch - the Forest Service has set aside furnishes timber, water, grazing land and inspiration. many museums. Visitors can discover why Central lode gold discovery in Colorado at a site on the eastern the choicest spots for picnic use. You can count on Take Route 103 to... came to be known as "the richest square mile on earth" boundary of Central City. The day is highlighted by a opportunities for plenty of color photographs, too, so ECHO LAKE at elevation 10,600 feet, encircled with by taking a tour of an old gold mine. parade, the Historical Society Annual Dinner, and the take your camera. pines, a delightful stop where you can picnic, hikeor Almost from the beginning Central City has Miner's Ball. fish. But it is a prelude to ascent on Route 5 to above displayed a love for theater. Just a few months after Lou Bunch Day traditionallyfallson thethird START by driving west on U.S. 6, then head upward the timberline. Don't worry about the road-grade does John Gregory's discovery of goldin 1859, traveling Saturday of August. Lou Bunch was the last Madam to into the foothills of the Rockies. Turn right on Route not exceed six percent. performers began to visit Central regularly. Before long operate a "house of ill repute" in Central City. On this 119, into the heart of the prospecting country, to .... MOUNT EVANS. You are at the pinnacle of the rough,wooden "concerthalls"werebuilt.Their day the citizens of Central recall the "pioneer spirit" of BLACK HAWK. Here John Gregory found his famous breathtaking highway to the clouds, 14,264 feet high, success inspired the construction of the more the ladies who practiced the "world's oldest pro- lode gold in 1859. Quickly, tent -city mining camps facing snowy peaks, silvery streams, and a million substantial Belvidere Theater and later the Central City fession". The celebration includes a Bed Race down mushroomed as thousands headed into the hills. More trees far below. Within view lie the entire Front Range Opera House. Today the Belvidere and Opera House Main St. and the Madam's and Miner's Ball. than $85 million in gold and silver was mined here and the great plains to the east. (Roadways to the keep the heritage of theater in Central City alive. The Central doesn't slow down during the Winter. The during the 1860's. Turn left at Route 279 to... summit of Mount Evans are generally closed by deep Opera House was resurrected in 1932 when Lillian Gish Wintershire Festival is celebrated throughout Decem- CENTRAL CITY, renowned as the "richest square snow from mid -September until late May.) Return to starredin "Camille". Each summer since that ber.The highlightofthisaffair,whichincludes mile on earth" and (together with Black Hawk) as Echo Lake, then turn right on Route 103, winding past performance,Metropolitan Opera stars have been caroling and other Christmas activities,is the "Gregory's Diggings." Streets were built on steep Devil's Nose, Warrior Mountain and Chief Mountain, inspired to create some of their best performances in Wintershire Ball. hillsides, but nobody minded in the bonanza days. You to... this "jewel box of a theater". Even the hillsides and gulches surrounding Central feel the aura of Victorian culture at its fine old Opera SQUAW PASS, an excellent recreation area on the But Central City has much more to offer. The variety provide the visitor with unique entertainment. Perhaps House, where Sarah Bernhardt and Edwin Booth made way down (elevation 9,790), where you can identify in music alone is remarkable. A short walk up Main and the most spectacular of these can be enjoyed each Fall triumphant appearances. And you sense the aura of many prominent, distinctive peaks from Squaw Eureka Sts. will treat the listener to no less than five when the aspen display their rich variety of color. Each wealth at the Teller House Hotel- its front walk was Mountain Lookout. types of music. Music which runs the spectrum from business in Central provides a map illustrating the best paved with thirty solid silver bricks before President Continue down to the junction with U.S. 40, right Honky Tonk and Country and Western to Classical. viewing points. Grant's visit in 1873. to... This variety only reflects the general atmosphere of the The five cemetaries surrounding Central present Return to Route 119 and retrace this road to the RED ROCKS PARK, a world-famous phenomenon of city. Retail stores offer everything from souvenirs and their own interesting self -guided tour. Visitors can take junction with U.S. 6 - then continue west on U.S. 6 geology, where roads wind between sandstone ledges antiques to fine jewelry and crystal. The restaurants a picnic lunch and explore this prominent part of the through CLEAR CREEK CANYON to... to Red Rock Theatre.Hereisanaturaloutdoor specialize in everything from sandwiches to gourmet old West. Of course proper respectisrequired to IDAHO SPRINGS, where George Jackson discovered amphitheatre, scene of an annualEaster Sunrise delights. Even the saloons follow suit. Some have preserve these markers of the past. gold in Clear Creek, in 1859. Piles of raw rock strewn Service, and of evening concerts. remained untouched since before the turnofthe There is so much to see and do in and around Central on the mountain sides are testimony to the hard -rock Then back to U.S. 40 to 6 to Golden. century,whileothersoffermorecontemporary City that the visitor is limited only by imagination. -76- -77- A Day Trip Up From The Foothills Vail 100 mi.via1-70.Capacity: 20,740 people -hr.14 double chairs, 2 triple chairs, 1 gondola, 1 poma. SS,SR,N,NSS. HERE'S A ONE -DAY or weekend trip you will enjoy! In the Rocky Mountain National Park you'll explore Winter Park rugged gorges, alpine lakes and flowering meadows. You can learn about and photograph wildlife, 67 mi. vial -70 & U.S. 40 to Exit 44. Capacity: 14,300 wildflowers, and glaciers. Then, on the other side of people -hr. 11 double chairs, 2 T -bars. SS,SR,N,NSS. the park, you'll reach the highest yacht anchorage in the world. PICAkftli. Arapahoe East Start by driving north on Hwy. 93 (Washington Ave.) to BOULDER. The great Flatirons rise above the city .469.c4e 15 mi. vial -70 to Exit 58. Capacity: 1,800 people -hr. 1 and the UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO campus. Turn al double chair, 1 poma, 1 mitey mite. SS,SR,NSS. north on Route 7 to Junction with Route 66. BOULDER'S UNIQUE SPOT FOR A CAMPUS The first classes at the University of Colorado began in September, 1877. Attendance ST. VRAIN CANYON. Head northwestpast the and buildings expanded fast during the next decade. Berthoud Pass redstone quarries of Lyons, Steamboat Mountain and Ski Areas Little Elk Park, with the peaks of the Front Range 57 mi. vial -70 & U.S. 40. Capacity: 958 people -hr. 1 straight ahead. Ski School-SS Ski Rental- double chair, 1 T -bar. SS,SR. ESTES PARK. This is the eastern gateway to the SR-N Nursery Ski School-NSS Rocky Mountain National Park. Take U.S. 34 and Campgrounds enter... A -Basin ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK. TRAIL Golden Gate Canyon State Park RIDGE ROAD (closed by deep snow from mid -Septem- 70 mi. via 1-70 to Loveland Pass. Capacity: 5,050 ber until late May) climbs 4,700 feet on its winding people -hr. 5 double chairs, 1 poma. SS,SR,N,NSS. NW ofGolden.Campground,tentandtrailer course, then descends 4,000 feet to GRAND LAKE, at FALL RIVER PASS. Don't rush your descent. Stop spaces-tables, firewood, laundry, showers, fishing, the western entrance. Dress warmly. for lunch at the Visitor Center here and take in the Breckenridge iceskating,horsebackriding,snowmobiletrails, Stop at the overlooks to absorb the magnificence of excellent displays in the Alpine Exhibit Room. At the Eldora Ski area close by. the Park. Within its 260,000 acres are 65 peaks higher Continental Divide at MILNER PAS (elevation 10,759 70 mi. vial -70 to Colo. 9. Capacity: 13,183 people -hr. feet), park your car and walk the foresttrailfrom than 10,000 feet. From the DEER RIDGE observation 1 triple chair, 8 double chairs, 2 T -bars, 2 pomas. Lions Park tower you can see the whole central and eastern Poudre Lake to the point where the flow of eastern and SS,SR,N,NSS. portions, dominated by LONGS PEAK, 14,256 feet, the western waters divide. Then descend past TIMBER 9th and Elm, Golden. 3 tennis courts, 2 ball fields, highest mountain in the Park. From Rainbow Curve, CREEK CAMPGROUND, following the COLORADO Copper Mountain playground andpicnicarea,fishpond,track and the Mummy Range is visible to the north. Traveling on, RIVER. Next is... football field, with an adjacent campground at Kiwanis you rise above the timberline, looking down at the GRAND LAKE. Grand Lake village, on the northern 70 mi. via 1-70. Capacity: 8,800 people -hr. 6 double Park, west end of 10th Street, on Clear Creek, fee. unforgettable spectacle of deep forested canyons, shore of the lake, is a resort town surrounded by the chairs, 1 covered double chair, 1 poma. SS,SR,N,NSS. brilliant blue lakes and glaciers. Eleven miles of the trip peaks of the National Park. You may want to join one of Genesee Park are made above the timberline. Stop near the summit to the free lectures or field trips sponsored by the Park Lake Eldora look down at ICEBERG LAKE with its perpetual glacial Service during the summer. Grand Lake itself is the 5 miles west of Golden 1-70, Genesee Exit. ice. largest natural body of water in Colorado, the highest 45 mi. via 6 or 93 and 119.Capacity: 1,050 people -hr. Playgrounds, picnic tables, fireplaces, shelter house, yacht anchorage in the world. Continue south on U.S. 2 double chairs, 2 pomas, SS, SR. elkandbuffaloenclosure,softballfield,scenic 34 to LAKE GRANBY, and nearby SHADOW MOUN- overlook, fee camping at Safari Campground. TAIN LAKE, were formed by the Colorado -Big Ski Idlewild Thompson Project to divert water under the Continen- Sca1te, YIN.. 10 20 tal Divide from the western to eastern slope for electric 70 mi. vial -70 & U.S. 40. Capacity 1,200 people -hr. 1 power and irrigation. Guided tours through the Granby SHAW* double chair, 2 pomas. SS,SR,N,NSS. MTN * NAT RIC Pumping Plant describe the entire project and the AREA operation of the 13 -mile -long Alva B. Adams Tunnel. Keystone You may rent a rowboat or take a sightseeing cruise from any of several docks. There are also campgrounds 70 mi. via 1-70 to Dillon, 6 mi. east on U.S.6. and picnic tables within the 20 -square -mile Shadow Capacity: 10,700 people -hr. 8 double chairs, 1 poma. Mountain National Recreation Area. At junction with SS,SR,N,NSS. U.S. 40, turn left to the town of GRANBY, then through ranching and logging country. The road follows the Loveland Basin and Loveland Valley Fraser River, winding up and over the Continental Divide at 11,314 -foot -high BERTHOUD PASS. Now, 56 mi. vial -70 to Exit 40. Capacity 7,000 people -hr. 5 take a chair -lift ride, or drive down the eastern slope. doublechairs, 2 pomas, 1 T -bar, 1 ropetow. Continue eastonU.S.40 throughtheRocky SS,SR,N,NSS. Mountain foothills to Hwy. 6 and return to Golden. Courtesy: Golden Daily Transcript -78- -79- Courtesy Golden Daily Transcript Golden Today

Golden todayis the mineral and solar research Elevation: 5,675 feet, Government; City Manager- center of America, the home of Colorado School of Council. There are 21 churches which represent the Mines, and Coors Brewery. Its history sparkles with major denominations. The weather is mild, the skies the early search for gold and silver in the Coloradoare deep blue and the average annual precipitation is Rockies. Goldenisthe hub of2 transcontinental less than 20 inches. This dry climate eases the effects highways with easy access to the major ski areas, aof the few hot or cold days. The low humidity enables few miles from Downtown Denver and 20 minutes from the snows to disappear more quickly and golf is played Stapleton International Airport. Population: Est.forevery month of the year. Golden is the county seat of 1977is15,000 with a trade area of over 37,000.Jefferson County.

Stan, I thought you might like acopy of this The Golden Chamber Of Commerce little magazine type thing. Ifound it quite has sponsored this book It is the wish of all the Golden Merchants interesting. So I confiscatedone for you. that you enjoy our city The picture of your Uncleshouse is inside Please visit our the magazine. I couldn, t get an autographed book for Shops, Stores, Taverns, you, oecause the ladydidn't know when Museums, Churches, Restaurants, Art Galleries, Historic Buildings, Georgina might be down. Said it might be Adolph Coors Brewery And our Mountain Scenery! a year. So took what she had. Louise

For information write or call the Golden Chamber of Commerce 822 12th St., Golden, Co. 80401 (303) 279-3113 -80- Golden - Colorado's most historical city.