Tendense En Tematologie in Populêre Werke Oor Suid- Afrikaanse Rugby, 1948-1995: ’N Historiografiese Studie

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Tendense En Tematologie in Populêre Werke Oor Suid- Afrikaanse Rugby, 1948-1995: ’N Historiografiese Studie Tendense en tematologie in populêre werke oor Suid- Afrikaanse rugby, 1948-1995: ’n Historiografiese studie. Wouter de Wet Tesis voorgelê in ooreenkoms met die vereistes vir die graad MA (Geskiedenis) aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch Studieleier: Prof. A.M. Grundlingh December 2013 [1] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Verklaring: Ek, die ondergetekende, erken hiermee dat die werk wat in hierdie navorsing/verhandeling vervat is, my eie, oorspronklike werk is en dat ek dit voorheen nie in sy geheel, of gedeeltelik, by enige ander universiteit vir ’n graad ingehandig het nie. Handtekening: WJ de Wet Datum: 2 September 2013 Copyright © 2013 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved [2] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Opsomming Hierdie studie is ’n historiografiese studie van populêre rugby geskiedskrywing, en dek die jare 1948 tot 1995. Die doel is om te dui op hoe dié sport in populêre skrywes uitgebeeld is. Die fokus gaan val op die twee vorme van populêre geskiedskrywing in hierdie tydperk, naamlik algemene rugbygeskiedenisboeke en biografiese werke. Die manier hoe hierdie verhandeling te werk gaan, is om tendense en tematologie in hierdie werke te identifiseer en die verandering daarvan oor die jare, na te volg. Hierdie werk lê op die breekvlak tussen ’n studie van die geskiedenis en die letterkunde. Deur die gewilde rugby skrywes inhoudelik en letterkundig in fyn detail te bestudeer, gaan lig op die veranderende tendense en tematologie gewerp word. Aanhalings word deurgans ingesluit en bespreek om die ontwikkeling van die populêre rugby geskiedskrywing oor die jare te verduidelik. Deur op hierdie kompleksiteite klem te lê, poog die studie om ’n bydrae te lewer tot die steeds ontwikkelende veld van Suid- Afrikaanse sportgeskiedenis. [3] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract This is a historiographical study of popular rugby history covering the years 1948 to 1995. The aim of this study is to show how this sport is portrayed in popular history writing. This research will focus on the two forms of popular history during this time, namely general rugby history books and biographical works. In order to fulfil its goals, this thesis will identify tendencies and thematology in popular rugby history, as well as explore its development over the years. This work lies on the edge between a study of history and that of literature. By studying the content and literary aspects of the popular works, light will be shed on its ever changing tendencies and thematology. Throughout this thesis, there will be constant use of quotations in order to explain the development of popular rugby historiography over time. By exploring the aforementioned complexities, this study aims to make a contribution to the developing domain of South African sports history. [4] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Dankbetuigings Ek wil graag my studieleier, Prof. A.M. Grundlingh, bedank vir sy toewyding tot my studies, sy oneindige bron van vakkennis, sy aanmoediging en sy oop kantoordeur. ’n Spesiale woord van dank ook aan my naastes en liefstes vir hul ondersteuning en bemoediging oor die afgelope twee jaar. “Een dag se rus beteken meer as twee dae se onproduktiewe werk.” [5] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Inhoudsopgawe Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................. 7 Hoofstuk 1: Algemene rugbygeskiedenis boeke, 1948 – ±1970 ........................................................... 14 1.1 Verhalende geskiedskrywing en kroniekstyl ........................................................................ 15 1.2 Uitbeelding van die rugby in terme van die natuur en die skep van ’n landelike beeld ........ 20 1.3 ’n Onderliggende nasionale sentiment .................................................................................. 25 1.4 Die patriargale aard van rugby .............................................................................................. 32 1.5 Die gebruik van Bybelse- en godsdienstige verwysings ....................................................... 38 Hoofstuk 2: Algemene rugbygeskiedenis boeke, ±1970 – 1995 ........................................................... 43 2.1 Kontrasterende benaderings tot die internasionale sportboikot ............................................ 44 2.1.1 Kritiek, veroordeling en verwerping ............................................................................. 45 2.1.2 “Rugby seëvier oor politiek” ........................................................................................ 51 2.2 Heldeverering ........................................................................................................................ 58 2.3 Herdenkingsgeskrifte ............................................................................................................ 65 Hoofstuk 3: Biografiese werke, 1948 – 1995 ....................................................................................... 74 3.1 ’n Teoretiese agtergrond ....................................................................................................... 75 3.2 ’n Kritiese beskouing van biografiese werke oor rugbypersoonlikhede ............................... 80 3.2.1 Die man op die veld en die mens daarvan af ................................................................ 81 3.2.2 Die kwessie van kritiese uitsprake ................................................................................ 91 3.2.3 Biografiese werke as monumente van prestasie ............................................................ 96 3.2.4 Danie Craven in vier biografieë .................................................................................. 100 Slot ...................................................................................................................................................... 108 Bronnelys ............................................................................................................................................ 111 [6] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Inleiding Die sportjoernalis Archie Henderson vertel van sy jong dae op die Vrystaatse platteland toe hy ’n obsessie met rugby ontwikkel het. Hy het nooit die geleentheid gehad om na groot wedstryde te gaan kyk nie. Sy enigste toegang tot groot rugby was dik boeke wat Dr. Danie Craven geskryf het. Hierdie boeke het sy rugbyhelde in die lewe geroep en onlosmaaklik deel van sy lewe geword. Die rugbystories wat hy in boeke van Danie Craven en Chris Greyvenstein gelees het, het ’n blywende indruk op sy lewe gelaat.1 Rugby, en die skrywe daaroor, is al vir etlike dekades deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing. Die publiek was nog altyd honger vir rugby gewees, en met ’n geskiedenisboek wat oor hul geliefde sport handel, kon hulle iets tasbaars van die spel besit. Boeke wat die geskiedenis van Suid-Afrikaanse rugby vertel, is al vir dekades lank ’n gewilde item op die Suid-Afrikaanse boekrak. In die Suid-Afrikaanse Rugbyraad se argief, wat onlangs by die Universiteit van Stellenbosch ’n nuwe tuiste gevind het, is daar ’n versameling van etlike briewe wat die publiek aan Danie Craven geskryf het. Hierin spreek hulle nie net hul waardering aan hom uit nie, maar vra ook na memorabilia. Hierdie aanvraag na memorabilia is ’n bewys daarvan dat rugbyboeke vir dekades reeds gesogte items is wat deur die rugbyhonger Suid-Afrikaanse publiek waardeer word. Daar bestaan ’n wye reeks geskiedskrywing oor hierdie sport. Nie slegs is daar boeke wat die algemene geskiedenis van rugby in Suid-Afrika beskryf nie, maar daar is ook etlike biografiese werke hieraan gewy. Wat egter ontbreek, is ’n akademiese studie van al hierdie werke. Hierdie verhandeling het dit dus ten doel om hierdie leemte te vul. Aangesien ’n studie van die hele rugby historiografie, wat alle werke sou insluit, ’n grootse onderneming is, gaan hierdie studie slegs fokus op populêre geskiedskrywing – algemene rugbygeskiedenisboeke en biografiese werke tussen 1948 en 1995. Sodoende kan hierdie groep werke meer sinvol bestudeer word. Die rede hiervoor is omdat populêre werke ’n belangrike rol binne die groter sfeer van rugbygeskiedskrywing vervul. Nie slegs verklap dit hoe die spel tydens verskillende fases beskou en uitgebeeld is nie, maar dit dui ook op hoe skrywers by veranderende waardes, uitgangspunte en norme aangepas het om hul werke vars en relevant te hou. 1 A. Henderson: The Best of the Boks. The Times, 28 November 2011. [7] Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Die invalshoek van hierdie studie is om prominente tendens en temas in die geskiedskrywing te identifiseer. Deur deurentyd nou met die primêre tekste te werk, en met behulp van genoegsame voorbeeldmateriaal, gaan die ontwikkeling van die tendense in die historiografie in kontekstuele verband nagevolg word. Hierdie verhandeling lê op die breekvlak tussen ’n studie van die geskiedenis en ’n studie van die letterkunde. Geskiedenis is en bly ’n manier van letterkundige uitdrukking.2 Hierdie studie werp lig op hoe skrywers rugby op verskillende maniere uitgebeeld het deur die letterkunde op kreatiewe wyses in te span. Daar gaan gereeld ’n noukeurige studie van die letterkundige aspekte van die werke gemaak word. Nie slegs dui hierdie navorsing dan op wat daar in populêre rugbygeskiedenis geskryf is nie, maar ook hoe daar geskryf is. Hierdie studie is ’n unieke werk in die sin daarvan dat daar tans geen werk bestaan wat
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