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Ludwig Grote Und Die Moderne 1933- 1959: Paradigma Einer Internationalisierung*

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Ludwig Grote Und Die Moderne 1933- 1959: Paradigma Einer Internationalisierung* RIHA Journal 0180 | 10 October 2017 Ludwig Grote und die Moderne 1933- 1959: Paradigma einer Internationalisierung* Susanne Neubauer Freie Universität Berlin Abstra t T e activities o! "er#an art istorian $u%&i' "rote (1893-1974) illu#inate o& cultural .olic/ was in0uence% b/ t e interaction o! sc olarl/ stu%ies1 .eo.le’s si#.le nee% to #a3e en%s #eet %urin' 44II1 an% t e .re%o#inant .ro#otion o! certain artistic .ositions i##e%iatel/ a!ter t e war5 "rote’s wor3 s oul% be consi%ere% in t e context o! recent counter+currents in t e area o! e.iste#olo'/ & ic tr/ to ret in3 t e wa/ istor/ as been written in t e .ast an% to rea..raise "er#an an% international avant+'ar%e art o! t e 1950s5 B/ loo3in' at "rote’s e8orts !or internationali9ation1 & ic can be trace% bac3 t rou' is active involve#ent wit art in an% !ro# Bra9il1 t is article s e%s li' t on t e .roble#atic relations i. bet&een establis e% narratives o! :o%ernis# an% t e %iverse arc ival layers o! in!or#ation accessible to%a/5 T us t is %iscussion ai#s at contributin' to t e %ebate on t e %i8erent .ers.ectives necessar/ & en writin' art istor/ to%a/ & ile %oin' ;ustice to t e transcultural as.ect5 In!alts"er#ei !nis <inleitun' "rotes überlie!erte Bio'ra>e Bio'ra>sc e Revisionen I? Die Biennalen von SBo Paulo @ie Paul Klee+Aon%erausstellun' au! der II5 Biennale von SBo Paulo (1953) $asar Se'all in N=rnber' (1960) Bio'ra>sc e Revisionen II: Die dun3len Ja re un% Mo#ente der „Selbst.uri>9ierun'H Arc ivebenen der Mo%erne: KonseIuen9en un% Heraus!or%erun'en Einleitun' Aeit 1933 at @eutsc lan% 3eine Dunstausstellun' #e r 'e abt1 %ie sic #it %er %es GBlauen ReitersH in :=nc en ver'leic en 3Jnnte5 Hier ist wir3lic etwas !=r %ie Dunst un% f=r die Geistes'esc ic te geleistet wor%en5 4ill "ro #ann1 1),)1 K @ieser Beitra' ist i# Ra #en eines von %er @F" 'e!Jr%erten Forschun'spro;ektes an %er Freien Universität Berlin entstan%en5 Dan3 'ilt Aaskia :attern un% %e# Deutschen Dunstarchiv (@DA- i# "er#anisc en Eational#useu# in E=rnber' !=r %ie 'roL9='i'e Bereitstellun' %er Archivalien $u%&i' "rotes5 RIHA Journal 0180 | 10 October 2017 M1N @ie Arbeit %es %eutsc en Dunst istori3ers $u%wi' "rote ist !=r %ie Art un% 4eise1 &ie Dultur.oliti3 %urc %as Ousa##ens.iel von 3unst istorisc er Arbeit1 %er FJr%erun' besti##ter 3=nstlerisc er Cositionen in %er un#ittelbaren Eac 3rie's9eit un% %e# Owan' 9u# si#.len Broterwerb beein0usst wur%e1 e6e#.larisc 5 "rotes 4ir3en #uss i# Ra #en a3tueller "e'ene.iste#olo'ien 9ur bis eri'en "esc ic tssc reibun' %er 4ie%eretablierun' %er %eutsc en un% %er internationalen Avant'ar%e+Dunst nac %e# Oweiten 4elt3rie'1 %ie %urc %ie "r=n%un' %er %ocu#enta un% %ie untersc ie%lic en Re+<%ucation+Cro'ra##e %er Besat9un's#äc te #aL'eblic 'e.rä't wur%e1 'ese en wer%en5 Trot9 .ro#inenter1 auc internationaler Au!trä'e seitens 3ultur.olitisc be%euten%er Institutionen at "rote =berrasc en%erweise bis er 3eine 'roLe Rolle in %en Untersuc un'en 9ur %eutsc en Dunst'esc ic te nac 1945 'es.ielt5 @er Dunst istori3er ersc eint !ast %urc we's nur in Ran%noti9en un% Fussnoten5 @iese Tatsac e verlan't %rin'en% nac einer Klärun' i# Dontext der bis er untersuc ten, se r untersc ie%lic en Wer%e'än'e an%erer %eutsc er Dunstwissensc a!tler1 :useu#sleiter un% Dunst än%ler1 %ie vor1 wä ren% als auc nac de# Oweiten Welt3rie' in i ren Beru!en täti' waren5 2 @a Grote in %ie Dultur.oliti3 #it Brasilien involviert war1 erweist sic seine Eac 3rie'sbio'ra>e als 9usät9lic 'eei'net1 %ie bis er vernac lässi'te Cers.e3tive %er un#ittelbar nac %e# Krie' be'innen%en Internationalisierun'sbestrebun'en %er ;un'en Bun%esre.ubli3 in %ie a3tuelle Revision %er euro9entrisc 'e.rä'ten :o%erne unter 'lobalen Por9eic en ein9ube9ie en5 <in solc er Blic3win3el er'än9t %ie bis eri'en Forsc un'en 9u# Dunst an%el un% 9ur Dunstwissensc a!t an %en Universitäten wä ren% %es Eationalso9ialis#us1 9ur Dultur%i.lo#atie nac 1945 un% 9ur Au!bau. ase %er :useen in %en 1950er Ja ren1 insbeson%ere 9u %en 9a lreic en in @eutsc lan% veranstalteten Dunstausstellun'en %er vor#ali' ver!e#ten :o%erne5* 1 4ill "ro #ann1 G@er Blaue Reiter5 "e%ächtnisausstellun' i# Haus %er Dunst1 :=nchenH1 in? Die Eeue Oeitun'1 75 Ae.te#ber 1),)1 *5 2 Beson%ers 'enannt seien :ei3e Ho8#ann un% Eicola Du n1 Hitlers Dunst än%ler5 Hil%ebran% "urlitt 18)7-1)7F5 Die Bio'ra. ie1 :=nchen 201FQ Ute Hau'1 GR"etreuer Atatt alter in sch&erer Sber'an's9eitR? Tarl "eor' Heise un% %ie Ha#bur'er Dunst alle von 18,7 bis 1)77H1 in? GAo fn' #an ein!ach an1 o ne viele 4orteH? Ausstellun'swesen un% Aa##lun'spoliti3 in %en ersten Ja ren nach %e# O&eiten 4eltkrie'1 '5 v5 Julia Frie%rich un% An%reas Crin9in'1 Berlin 201*1 72U81Q Donstan9e Ru%ert (H'5-1 I# Eet9&er3 %er :o%erne5 Dirc ner1 BraIue1 Dan%ins3/1 Dlee1 Richter1 Bacon1 Altenbour' un% i r Driti3er 4ill "ro #ann1 :=nchen 2012Q <%uar% Beauca#.1 4erner Ach#alenbac (<in "espräc -1 DJln 20115 * Ou# Sberblick =ber %en Forschun'sstan% v'l5 Ei3ola Doll1 T ristian Fu r#eister un% :ichael H5 A.ren'er1 GDunst'eschichte i# Eationalso9ialismus. Au!riss un% CerspektivenH1 in? Dunst'eschichte i# Eationalso9ialismus. Beiträ'e 9ur "eschichte einer 4issensc a!t 9&ischen 1)*0 un% 1)701 '5 v5 %ens.1 4ei#ar 20071 )U*F5 Eeuere Ac ri!ten v'l5 Julia Frie%rich un% An%reas Crin9in' (H'5-1 GAo fn' #an ein!ac an1 o ne viele 4orteH5 Ausstellun'swesen un% Aa##lun's.oliti3 in %en ersten Ja ren nach %e# O&eiten 4eltkrie'1 Berlin 201*1 %arin vor alle# T ristian Fu r#eister1 GAtatt eines Each&orts: 9&ei ThesenH1 2*,–2*)Q :ai3e Atein3a#.1 4er3e un% 4erte5 Sber %as Han%eln un% Aa##eln von Dunst i# Eationalso9ialismus1 Berlin 2010 (Ac ri!ten %er Forschun'sstelle V<ntartete DunstV1 7-Q :artin Achie%er1 I# Blic3 %es An%eren5 Die %eutsc +!ran9Jsisc en Dunstbe9ie un'en 1),7-1)7)1 Berlin 2007Q :artin Achie%er (H'5-1 In %ie Frei eit 'e&or!en5 Cositionen 9ur %eutsc +!ran9Jsischen Dunst'eschichte RIHA Journal 0180 | 10 October 2017 @ieser Beitra' er ellt erst#ali' einen aus'ewä lten Teil %es u#!an'reic en Eac lasses von $u%wi' Grote1 der j=n'st vo# @eutsc en Dunstarc iv neu ver9eic net wur%e5, M2N <ine Untersuc un' %er Täti'3eiten $u%&i' "rotes in %en 1950er Ja ren #uL auc seine 9a lreic en .olitisc en Per0ec tun'en ab 1933 in %en Blic3 ne #en57 I# Oentru# ste en %abei seine beru0ic en Be9ie un'en 9u <ber ar% Han!staen'l1 Tarl "eor' Heise1 4erner Ha!t#ann1 aber auc 9u T eo%or Heuss1 %e# Ataatsse3retär @ieter Aattler sowie %e# "eneralse3retär %er Atän%i'en Don!eren9 %er Dultus#inister1 4alter Dei#5 @ie Analyse %es Eet9wer3s un% %er Austausc .ro9esseF 9ei't interessanterweise %urc einen 9usät9lic en Blic3 au! %ie Arc ivebene %er :o%erne b9&5 Gin %er Ea sic tH17 %ie sic %urc eine <valuation %er 9a lreic en Wuellen au!tut1 eine vor alle# #et o%olo'isc e Croble#ati3 au!? @ie @iver'en9 9&isc en beru0ic en un% .rivaten XuLerun'en1 %ie untersc ie%lic e Y8entlic 3eitsbereic e abbil%en5 @a in i nen Aussa'en 9u "rotes beru0ic er Cositionierun' in der %a#ali'en Zeit un% fol'lic auc 9ur .olitisc en Aituation 9u >n%en sin%1 J8nen sie ein &ic ti'es un% bis er &eit'e en% unter.roble#atisiertes Fel% %er Inter.retation un% 3unst istorisc en Analyse5 Aie interlassen &eni' =berrasc en% ein wi%ers.r=c lic es Bil% eines Crota'onisten1 %er sic o8enbar 'e3onnt nur i# Hinter'run% 9u %en %a#ali'en @ebatten 'eäuLert at un% stets au! Aic erun' seiner beru0ic en Cosition be%ac t war58 "rote a'ierte 9ur=c3 alten%er als beis.ielsweise 4ill "ro #ann1 %er sic #it %en Eationalso9ialisten auc .ra3tisc 9u arran'ieren wusste5) U# #it Hans+<rnst :itti' 9u s.rec en1 ist eine 'enaue Festle'un' %er Cosition "rotes wä ren% un% nac nach 1),71 Berlin 200F5 <ine !r= e Untersuc un' le'te Heinrich Dill/ vor? @eutsche Dunst istori3er 1)**-1),71 :=nc en 1)885 , tt.?ZZ&&&5'n#5%eZ!orschun'Z!orschun'spro;ekteZneuver9eichnun'+%es-nachlasses-von+ lu%&i'+'roteZ (let9ter Ou'ri8 a# 1)5752017-5 7 Das Ja r 1)** erscheint einschnei%en%1 %a "rote &ie viele 9u %iese# Oeit.un3t i# Ra #en %es "eset9es 9ur 4ie%er erstellun' %es Beru!sbea#tentu#s von seinen Cfichten als $an%eskonservator entbun%en &ur%e5 Als ver'leichbar be%eutsa#es Datu# 3Jnnte 1)27 an'e!= rt &er%en1 %a er in %iese# Ja r Direktor %er "e#äl%e'alerie i# Calais Reina in @essau &ur%e un% nebst an%eren Cfichten auc !=r %ie Or'anisation von Ausstellun'en 9eit'enJssischer Dunst verant&ortlich &ar5 F Our <in!= run' sie e Joac i# Rees, GPer'leichen%e Per!a ren U ver!a rene Per'leiche5 Dunst'eschichte als 3o#.arative Dunst&issensc a!t U eine Croble#ski99eH1 in? Dritische Berichte ,0Z2 (2012-1 *2U,7Q :att ias Bru n1 :onica June;a un% <l3e Anna 4erner1 GUniversalität %er Dunst'eschichte[ <%itorialH1 in? Dritische Berichte ,0Z2 (2012-1 A5 *+7Q Hans "5 Di..enber' un% Bir'it :ersmann (H'5-1 The Hu#anities bet&een "lobal Inte'ration an% Tultural Diversit/5 Tonce.ts !or t e Atu%/ o! Tulture1 B%5 F1 Berlin 201F1 70UF)5 7 Dies ist ein Be el!sbe'ri81 v'l5 %en Portra' %er Autorin G:o%ernismen in Ea sicht? Al!re%o Pol.i un% "ior'io :oran%iH au! %er Ta'un' #useu# 'lobal[ :ulti.le Cers.ektiven au! %ie Dunst1 1)0,–1)701 Dunstsa##lun' Eor%r ein+4est!alen1 @=ssel%or!1 205-22515201F5 8 @ieser :einun' ist auc Hel'a Heise1 GDie ersten Ja re %er An altischen "e#äl%e'alerie unter $u%&i' "roteH1 in? Eorbert :ichels (H'5-1 Perrat an %er :o%erne5 Die "r=n%un'sgeschichte un% %as erste Ja r9e nt %er An altischen "e#äl%e'alerie @essau 1)27U *71 Dessau 1))F1 71–7)1 ier 7F5 RIHA Journal 0180 | 10 October 2017 %e# Oweiten 4elt3rie' nic t #J'lic un% auc nic t von EJten510 I# !ol'en%en Beitra' 'ilt es in erster $inie1 %ie 4i%ers.r=c e 9wisc en o8enen un% ver%ec3ten Atellun'na #en un% .olitisc en Haltun'en
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