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I; ALABAMA ~ STATISTICAL ( ANALYSIS CENTER

CR1ME'I'N'ALABAMA 1969-1~77,: . . A PRECIS·J~

\), /'\ U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the person or organizatkm originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice.

Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material has been I~ granted by • • • Alabama Crlmlnal Justlce '" Informatlon Center " ., ~ to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS).

Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system r!lquires permis­ '\) sion of the copyright owner. II

~ STATE"OF ALABAMA CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION CENTER R~W.BLAVl.OCK ""Director

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INTRODUCTION

Crime in Alabama, as in the rest of the un:iilieall$'t@:J?'§"~\{g~,:]~corded

in the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports. County~and municipal law enforce-

ment agencies submit monthly crime summaries to the Uniform Crime

Reporting Section (UCR) of the FBI which generates automated reports for

Alabama1 •

() Of the 3542 identified law enforcement agencies in Alabama in 1975,

33% of the agencies, representing 75% of the state's population, sub- o " mitted UCR data. (For the first quarter of 1976, reporting has increased

to include 98.2% of the state's population.) The Uniform Crime Reports

deal with the FBI's seven index crimes which are grouped into person, or " C? violent crimes,3 and property crimes. 4

Crime in Alabama, as in other states, has risen dramatically in the

past few years and this trend is expected to continue through the

remainder of 1976. This report concentrates on 1975's index crimes on a o statewide basis and the index crimes in the three high crime areas:

o Birmingham, Jefferson County, and Mobile/Mobile County. The preceding

years' crime rates will be considered along with some projected figures

@ D for the future.

f:.' '0 " As of January 1, 1976, the State of Alabama 9 s Criminal Justice Information Center took over operation of UCR in accordance with state o law.

Q 2 The number of law enforcement agencies in Alabama varies due to the

", d fact that very small police departments phase in and out of existence. ".,. ..:

G ,~ 3 Person crimes include: homicide, rape, robbery and assault.

Property crimes include: burglary, larceny and auto theft.

" l\ 1

\\' .r···· ) 1/ ' l' " ./

(Alabama) Rape, climbing 49% fr~m 1969 to 1975, increased more rapidly,! than Total crime in Alabama rose from 72,889 reported cases in 1969 to \\ any other yio1ent crime except for robbery. 0Actual incidents of rape t 125,488 in 1975, producing an increaseoof 72Z. According to 1976 I I rose from 494 .. in 1969 to 736 in 1975. Projections for 1976 indicat,e a = I' projections, it is estimated that total crime will increase by 110% over " it/ 35% increase over 1969, with!665 estim~~ incigents of rape. 1969. Robbery is the most rapidly rising violent crime in Alabama. It In absolute numbers, property crime is the chief problem for law rose consistently from 1969 (1,446 cases) to 1975 (4,443 cases) or an enforcement agencies in this state. " In 1975, property crimes accounted (/.p increase for the period of 2,997 cases or 207%. Through 1976, the for 89% of the reported crimes as compared with 1969's 88%. the actual relative increase over 1969 is expected to be 314%, representing 5,984 number of reported property crimes for 1975 was 111,296; the 1969 total jJ projected cases. for reported property crimes was 64,045, an increase of 74%. Property Assault, the most common violent crime, represented 59% of the crime is projected to reach 135,504 for 1976, a 112% increase over 1969. violent crimes reported in 1975. The number of as.o~;&u/1ts.~ reported in In 1975, one out of" every nine reported crimes was a crime of 1975, (8,348) is aC:re1ative increase of 31% over 1969's total of 6,418. violence or 11% of the law enforcement officer's caseload. Ac~~rding to Projected fig~res for 1976 indicate 9,934 assaults for an estimated the reported crimes shown on Fig. I-I, violent (persdh) crimes incr~ased increase of 55%. I' ~~!~ in 1975 to 14,192, an increase of 60%~over 1969's total of 8,844. Burglary increased in 1975 to a level 82% high~r than the 1969 Vio1eI).t crime is expected to increase to 17,504 for 1976, representing a level. The 1969 number of reported incidents, 23,160, increased to 98% increase over 1969. 42, 05_9 cases ~n. 1975 • Burglary is expected to increase to 51,626 cases Individual Index Crimes (Alabama) \ in 1976, for a total relative increase of 123% oV'~r 1969. \> Ail of the individual index crimes 5 showed a ma~ked increase from The 59,471 larceny incidents reported in 1975 represent an increase

1969 through 1975; projections for 1976 indicate a rise of 110% in the of 71% over the 1969 figure of 34,833. The 1976 projected larceny index crimes over 1969. figure is 72,188 for a projected ,increase of 107% over 1969.

Homicide in Alabama rose from ·486 reported homic~des in 1969 to 575 0 Auto theft showed the least relative increase from 1969 to 1975. \'1 in 1975, an increase of 18%. A projected increase of 27% is expected In 1969, reported auto thefts numbered 6,052; in 1975, auto thefts

for 1976 over the 1969 figure. The projected number of reported inci- rea~hed 9,766, representing an increase of 61%. In 1976,. the projected

dents for 1976 is 615. 0 c, increase over 1969 is expected to be ~2%, or 11,601 cases.

b'.

5 Homicide dropped from 485 in 1969 to 404 in 1970, a"decrease of 8l. 3 (See Fig. I-2)

:~i 2

-'-",.,..,..,....t... IIIi; It''''Ll!IIllZ!l!I, '1;.':1'l1li2.2.2111;•• 1,11:,. ' I:; _:.&---•• /, I j.' ! 1

fUJW!'A ... TOTAL CRHE VIOLHIT CRWEJ & PROPERlY CRIff HID . 1969 - 1977 .. ., CRI~ IN 1HE STA1L 1969 - 1977

ARI="A 11QhQ lq7n lq71 19n lq73 1974 1971) . ]976(.) lq77* ITotal CRIM:: 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977* r' I) Crime Index 72;,889 82,960 84,495 81,662 110,241 107,303 25,488 153,056 167,568 '. 405 iYl01ent . Homicide 486 517 495 464 534 575 615 644 Crime Index 8,844 10,185 10,826 10,991 12,331 13.326 14,192 17,504 18,996 Rape 494 636 659 660 749 807 736 665 664 Property Robbery 1,446 1,730 2,006 2.404 2,809 3,555 4,443 5,984 6,323 Crime Index 64 045 72,775 73 669 70,671 97,860 93,977 11,296 135,504 148,512 -- IAc;c;aul t 7."-"l? .Q "lI;O Q. (nil 6 IV I I /.) I 75 I I I" 6.418 7.414 7.6411 8 Ll"ln .Q Ll'lA 11n.IIAIl *ProJected Burglary 23,160 26,279 27,072 27.240 31,212 37,845 42,059 51,626 56,858 Larceny 34,833 38,806 38,899 36,588 58,602 46,811 59,471 72,188 79,020 Auto Theft 6,052 7,690 7,698 6,843 8,046 9,321 9,766 11,601 12,522 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 * 77 Total *Projected * ., /Crime / Index / / 800. I' / Property .--.--______Rape I ):rime _------;:--- Homicid / Index 600 I / I // / 400 / I I I 200 / /

./ Larceny ./ ./ / 75,000 ./ II 70,000 _. / / / \~\ 65,000 \\ 60,000 .'. \\ : /Burgl 55,000 , .... ,.../' 50,000 . ./ / 45,000 ./ 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 V;o1ent 20,000 Auto Crime Theft _------thdex. 15,000 _------Assault ~------~------10,000 L======:::::::::::==::----"'=====:::.... ::------Robbery. 5,000 ----~----

FIG. I w.,l "

FIG. II w' 2

(I"" .,

4 \, , 5

I i& ." ___ .. ____ ~~_~_-':. ______----l..------"\o'------, ,

~,. \~ Alabama and Contiguous States ~) ~\

'0, \\'\\ 6 In comparison with the neighboring s~ates , Alabama has consis-:. TOTAL CRIME INDEX \~ 1069 - 1977 tently remciined lowest in percentage of i;or reported index incte~se ALABA~1A AND CONTIGUOUS STATES <1974 & 1975 INCLUDES LARCENY UNDER $50.00) \ " cl;ime and next to lowest* in absolute number\of reported index crimes. 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977* \ Alabama 55647 64249 65843 64662 88910 167314 125497 161440 181366 Property crim~ in Alabama, as well as in the ~\est of the southeast, is Florida 201160 244399 284401 284566 457631 597636 645263 940531 078691 ,\ )' Georgia 82750 101279 111081 116533 164175 191004 227874 309023 4013 95 the crime problem. In Alabama, property crime~\'\ a1:'e increasing at a Mississippi 171J.76 19n1 24828 29874 439~9 52271 56556 85477 S8125 ,'t Tennessee 66371 74101 82207 84713 12621)9 151085 178850 242987 higher rate than violent crimes, 74% to 60%,' re~pectivelY, In 1969, 2764,6 )::1 ';$ I';) //7< ,\ '\ 70 71 7: I Ib" ,\ * Projected property crimes made up 88% of the total crfmes t~ported, while in 197'5 ,100,000 }lorida they comprise989% (See Fig. III-l through III-3) \' / \ / Although property crime/violent ratios ,e\ extreme, the ,000,000 / c~i"'e , / , I / problem may be greater than is apparent. Violent cr;\mes have much / 900,000 I higher rate~ of clep'rance aTld~!,-=st- ranging from 45%<\ to 100% _ while I ~-",c~~-C-,\ " / / " property crimes ~,re cleared at a much lower rate. For\example, one 800,000 I \ / I , region in Alabama cleared only 6% of their reported lar~enies in 1975. I Q 1\ / \ ,700,00!)' J) I Alabama's index crimes have increased 108% from 196~~ to 1975 _ still jf I , . I ~, the lowest rate of increase among the contiguous states. \Other com- 600,000 p';ri:,'~,ns of" Alabama and the contiguoUS states show that A~bama is next '\,

to 10~est in. the southe~st in total reported crime, propertry( crime, 1/ 500,000 () " ".' . \ Viole~t c';ime, and all crimes on a per ca"i~a basis, (See ',fig, 1II-4),* 400,000

300,00 . !/ 6 Florida; Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

200,000 * Mississippi is consistently lowest in absolute number of reported Alabama index crimes, -'~ ,\

100,000 ~----~h~=-=.==J'~:·::~::~~~~~--~1~9~74~~19~755--i9i~ .' 1969 197,0 .1971", 6 t .. FIG. II I - 1 d II 7 1\ I Ii " " .. · r·. ..

VIOLB'IT CRIr£ HID 1969 -1977 . PRCFERlY CRI~INI:EX fsJ.ftJ3N~ PHD CCfITIGlXJlJS STATES ALllliNYlA MID COOl GUOUS STATES Cl§~9 8.-1§15 INCLllIl:S LARCENY' UNlfR $50, CX)) 11S'b~ ~O ~fl. lYIL ~) L1974 l:l/~ l~/b'" _lYlr Alabama 8842 10185 1959 1970 10835 10994 12390 13338 14201 17520 19014 Florida 29411 33824 55008 53668 76520 93976 38575 40252 46419 54821 57540 76451 84819 Georgia 11235 13976 15898 245826 244314 411212 542815 87723 86408 17823 19738 21587 221i08 30847 34170 MississilmJ 3354 3974 95183 98710 144437 169417 05266 27817 316576 6151 7076 7734 7782 7411 11557 12893 Tennessee 9235 10787 12520 15167 18677 22798 36205 44489 49145 7392 85232 12858 14771 15969 16627 21947 24120 70 71 Tennessee 633)4 69687 71855 111488 135116 62223 22104 I 252336 *Pro·ectedt~J 72 73 74 Ib II )" I 'i< *Projected 70 71 72 73 74 75 76* 77*

Florida / / / F1ori~9- / 80,000 / I / / / 900,000 / / ( I / 70,000 / I I 80Q;(l00 / I / I I I / 60,000 I 700,000 I I I I I / I 50,000 600,000

500,000 40,000

400,000 30,000

;, __ Tenn • 300,000 20,000 ...... - ","'- .. ",/ .-Alabama fJ " ",....------...... ~~~ 200,000 ..Alabama 10,000 ~ Miss. _.... --~~------~ -- ... -- .;' ... '" _ -- -- 100,00 ... ------~------~~ - _Miss. -_... -- --~ 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 '1974 196~ 1970 1971 1972 1973 FIG. III - 2 FIG. III - 3

:17 ··.· f. , High C:i'ime Areas There are three high crime areas 7 located within the state:

Birmingham, Jefferson County and Mobile/Mobile County. Jef~~rson County

(excluding Birmingham) and Mobile/Mobile County each have distinct 1969 1970 11971 1972 ·1973 1974 1975 I 197B· l':JTf' A1abama 1576.0 lB65.4 1892.6 1842.2 2512.3 3000.1 3472.5 4377.1 . 4866.0 municipaliti6 s each with its own police force; these various munici- Flcrida 3165.9 3599.7 4039.2 3920.2 5960.3 7387.3 7721.2 9718.9 0518.9 7666.1 Georgia 1783.0 2206.7 .2381.7 2468.9 3430.3 3912.4 4625.9 6014.1 palities represent different levels of efficiency, different levels of /olississippi 740.5 863.4 1115.4 1320.1 1925.3 2249.2 2410.7 3650.7 4157.2 Tennessea 1555.5 1888.3 2050.3 2101. 5 3050.1 3659.1 4270.5 5589.5 6253:7 repQ~ting, and different methods of dealing with crime. In 1969, these u. s. 2471.1 2740.5 2905.7 2829.5 4116.4 4821.4 5281.7 5371.0 7626.0 t 7 11 i 1 I 10 o· 7/'" three high crime areas represented 30% of the state's total popu1a'tion, '* ProJected 12,000 or 1,063,039 persons. In this same period, they accounted for 45.7% of .r/ Alabama's total crime • 11 ,000 ./F1Orida Both the citY of Birmingham and Mobile/Mobile County, which were ./ 10,000 ,,/ / projected to decrease in population from 1969 to 1975 by 18% and 13% I respectively, had an increase in crime in this same time frame. Bir- c I c 9,000 I I nrlngham's increase amounted to 62%, while Mobile/Hobi1e County's reported / I 8,000 / G~orgia crimes increased by 63%. Jefferson County,S the only high crime area tl1: S.' /1 with an increase in population (7%), in reported crime by 136% 7,000 /// incre~sed / / I / over 1969. Projections for 1976 show a total increase in Birmingham to /){ Tennessee 6,000 / I 1 /'/ Q / I /' 32,122 reported crimes; an increase of 105%. Projections indicate that / ./ I I /' 5,000 I / Mobile County w;i.ll reach 22,000 index crimes, representing an 84% I / .filabama / .- I /-- in5!lrease over 1969. '~. In Jefferson County, it is estimated that 17,668 4,000 tliss • / /' / / /// crimes will be reported,iIt; 1976, representing a 210% increase over the / 3,000 / / 1969 figure. / 2,000

1,000 7 High crime are~s are defined as geopolitical units containing 250,000 or more population.

1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 The city of Birmingham is €xclurted from Jefferson County's totals. 1\ FIG. 111 - 4 Ii 1\

11 10 ....,-"-.-,- .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~.-.-.--...... -,--.-'------~

Individual Index Crimes (High Crime Areas) Total Crime Index (High Crime Areas). Homicide - Although Birmingham had the highest rate of increase in Property _ In the period 1969 td 1975, Birmingham's property crime \ " U violent crimes in the state, reported homicides decreased from 92 rate rose from 13,659 reported inc~heuts to 22,095, representing an

reported cases in 1969, to 89 in 1975, representing a -3% C~.lange~ over Mobile/Mobile County and ,:Jefferson county I s property increase of 62%. \~) 1969. In Mobile/Mobile County, homicides increased from 48 reported Mobi1e/lj'obi1e Count:y went from L crimes also rose during this time. incidents in 1969 to 52 in 1975, an 8% increase over 1969. In this~ame 10,898 in 1969 to 17,348 in 1975, which is a relative increase of 59%, period, Jefferson County rose from 27 homicides in 1969 to 40 in 1975, Jefferson County's property crime rose from 5,035 in 1969 to 12,167 in representing a 48% increase over 1969. In 1976, homicides are projected 1975, an increase of 142%. Projections for 1976 indicate an increase of to decrease by 16% from the 1969 figure for the city of Birmingham. 102% for Birmingham's property crime index. Mobi1e/Mo~~~e County's 1J ~.s t d to Homicides in Mobile/Mobile County are projected to reach 63 incidents, ) : projected increase is 75% over 1969. Jeff~fson County 1.. proJec e ,/J( or an increase of 31% over 1969. Jefferson County homicides for 1976 have the highest increase of property cr~~ over 1969, 221%. (,~re proj ected to reach 57 incidents, representing an increase of 111% Violent _ In ,.A1abama, Birmingham is the only area where the rela- over 1969. tive rate of increase in violent crime (66%) surpasses the increase in Rape - 'Rape in Birmingham rose from 92 repol'.lted cases in 1969 to property crime (62%) or total index crime (62%). Birmingham reported I 177 in 1975, representing an increase of 92%. .For this same period, 1,984 violent crimes in 1969 and 3,284 in 1975, representing a 66% 1 Mobi1e/Mob,i1e County's rape cases increased from ~7 to 108, an increase l increase. In this same time period, Mobile/Mobile County's violent I·' I 'of 61"'%. J e ff erson County r~port.ed an increase in rape from 44 cases in I crime rose from 1,081 in 1969 to 2,210 in 1975, a relative increase of 104%. l' 1969 to 85 in 1975, Wpich is a 93% increase. Birmingham's rape incidence I In Jefferson County the violent crime index increased by 87% from 672 is projected to climb to 277. for 1976, representing an increase of 218%. reported crimes in 1969 to 1~259'in 1975. In 1976, 'Birmingham is projec'tp..d c I Rape for the Hobi1e/ Mobile County area is projected to reach 128 in to have an increase of 186% reported ipcidents, while Mobile/Mobile 1976, an increase of 91%. Jefferson County's reported ~apes are estimated Courtty's increase is projected to reach 118% over the 1969 ~igure. ~>\,->' to reach 115 in 1976, an increase of 161% over 1969. Jefferson County is projected to have a relative increase 'of 172% over \ " Robb'ary - Birmingham's robbery index rose from 305 reported cas~) // 1969. r~\ in 1969 to 1,475 in 1975, an increase of 384% over 1969. n MObi1e~le '~ County reported 331 robberies in 1969 and 839 in 1975, an increase of 153%. 12 If D

13

'\"

1, , - // 0 I, County rose 236% over 1969, from 150 reported cases Mobile/Mobile County's burglaries are estimated to reach 6,937 incidents " Robbery in Jefferso·tl, " Projections through 1976 show a s~bstantial increase in to 504 in 1975. in 1976, which is a 24% increase over "the 1969 figure:<~~urglaries for is projected to · gh crime areas: Birmingham the Jefferson County area are projected to reach 6,426 incidents in robberies~reporte d for the hJ. for the Jeffer- increase by 620%, Mobile/Hobile County by 187%, and 367% 1976, an estimated increase of 224% over }.969.

son County area. Larceny - Bj.rmingham' s reported larceny went from 8,030 in 1969 to

1\ Assaults _ In the city of Birmingham, assaults rose from 1,500 in 11,883 ih 1975, representing a relat~ye increase of 48%. Mobi1e/Hobi1e \ /. I! \~\ ,75 an J.·ncrease'~over 1969 of 3%. (The 1975 figure, II 1969 to 1,543 in 19~, County also had an increase in reported larcenies from 1969 through iJ .s 557 assaults less than 1974's reported cases, '2,100, producing 1,543, J. 1975, 4,184 arid 9,251, respectively, indicating an overall increase of rom 19.74 to 1975.) . Hobile/Mobi1e County's assault capes ~ -27% change f 121%. The Jefferson County high crime area had an increase in larcenies .ncrease of 91% from 635 cases in 196'9 to 1,211 cases ill I experienced an J. of 2,611 in 1969 to 6,072 in 1975, which was a relative increase of I , assault rate showed an increase from 451 ! Jefferson County s 133%. Incidents for the city of Birmingham are projected to increase by I' 1975. I 5 40% increase over 1969. d· reported cases in 1969 to 630 cases for 1 97 , a 74% over 1969; actual numbers are ~stimated to climb as high as 13,936. is estimated to reach 2,011 in 1976~ an t Birmtngham's assault rate For 1976, larceny is projected to reach 10,303 in Mobile/Mobile County, I" '''- . f" 34"% ove'" 1969 ' In Nobile/Mobile Coun~y,. 1,836 assaults are increasing 146% over 1969, while an increase of 195% is expected for the I J.ncrease 0 0 ~ • 89% over 1969, while Jefferson County area estimat~d, an increase of 1 Jefferson County area, with estimated figures reaching 7,702. 44% increase over 1969. j;assaults are projected to reach 648 ca~es; or a Auto theft in Birmingham rose 76% between 1969 and 1975, with

i B1. rmJ.· ngham J.. ncreased :·by· 84% between 1969 and 1975; the Burglary in " actu~~es indicating that 3,356 cars were stolen in 1975 compared ,', beJ.·ng 3 /24 in 1969 and.. 6,855 in,: 1975. actual number of reported cases, )) to 1,905 stol~n 1969. Mobile/Mobile count~ has "had a 2% decrease in 1/ " C t area p6se from 5,603 . Reported burglaries for the Mobile/Mobile oun y ,I auto thefts for 1 05, reported cases falling from 1,111 in 1969 to 1,085 1\ " ff ',. ''''.:., County showed ·n 1975, increasing 25% .. Je er0011\". cases in 1969 to 7,012 J. ~ in 1975. The autO\~hefts reported in Jefferson County from 1969 to 1975 ( , 1\ d burglaries from'l~69 to 1975. ~ \ ,) , the highest rate of increase in reporte show 443., reported c"\Js and 1,454 cases, respectively, representing an d in 1969, climbing t::o 4,641 i tl A total of 1, 981 bu'tg~aries were reporte .' !1 increase ot 228%. Projections for the Birmingham area show 1976 reported 4% ProJ·ections through 1976 indicate an 1975,oa relative increase of .. 13 •. auto thefts to be 4,194 cases, an increase of 120% over 1969. A decline · s Burglary projectio,l:1.s increase in burglary for all three high crJ.mearea. in auto theft is projected for Mobile/Mobile County in 1976, mirroring , ~< • i ()r 1976 reach 9,414 cases, a 15'3% increase over i 9'69. for Birmingham fo ('-~ .1 \

(I Q J ; \ / 15 \ _//

14 .'···-······ "!"'",-. " ~ . \ . Property crime in Jefferson County increased 142% .between 1969 r, , < .' of the 2% drop in 1975; projections for 1976 total 704 incidents, decreasing .and 1975, and should reach 221% by 1976. Birmingham's property crime 37% from 1969. Autp theft is p~jected to reach 2,024 cases in the climbed to 62% over 1969, with a projected increase of 102% by 1976. Jefferson County area in 1976, representing an increase of 357% over l~e M09ile/Mobile County area increased 59% over 1969; estimates for 1969. 1976 reach 75%.

Conclusion Violent crimes in the high crime areas show an increase from

Generally, the State of Alabama is experiencing a steady increase 1969 through 1975. Jefferson County increased by 87%; Birmingham, in crime. From the base year of 1969 through 1975, the total crime 66%; and the Mobile/Mobile County area rose 104%. In 1976, violent

index for the stat~ increased 72%, with a projected increase of 110% .,' cd.me is projected to escalate to 172% for Jefferson County, 130% for

through 1976. Birmingham, and 175% for the Mobile/Mobile County area. Property crime in Alabama, making up 89% of the total crime index., In the high crime areas, the individual index crimes rose over increased 74% between 1969 and 1975, and is estimated to climb to 112% \\ 1974's totals with few exceptions. 'In Jefferson County, both larceny in 1976. and assault increased 35% over 1974, while homicide and rape decreased, Violent crime in Alabama increased 60% from 1969 to 197.1. Projected ,~, 15% and 6%, respectively, over 1974. figures for 1976 indicate an iu,crease of 98% over 1969. The Birmingham high crime axea increased 17% in homicide over

With the exception of rape, the total number 6f individual index 1974, but decreased 6% in rape. Burlgary and assault, along with

crimes increased, for 1975 over 1974. Larceny had the highest rate of rape, also decreased from 1974 to 1975 at -27% and -4% respectively.

o i? increase of 21.'!- over 1974 while assault had the lowest with eight Larceny had the highest rate of increase, 28% over 1974, while auto additional incidents, representing no percentage change over 1974. theft had the least amount of increase, 3%. ') Rape alone had a negative change, decreasing 9% from 1974 through 1975. The Mobile/M?Oile County area showed a decrease ~~ homicide and In i975, the three high crime areas in Alabama - Birmingham, Jefferson assault, -7% and -3%, respectively. The highest ~te of increase was ~, !.'l County, and Mobile/Mobile County - made up 27% of the "sta:'te' s population cJ for robbery, with 48% over 1974, while the smallest increase was 13% (; l whi1.e at the same ti1lle reported 47% of the state's total crime. , l for incidents of rape. I Total crime has risen in the three high crime ar.eas from 1969 through ! () 'J j 197~\ Jefferson county showed the highest rate of 1ncrease with 136% , ,

() over 1969, and an estimated 210% for 1976. Birmingham and Hobile/Mob:i16 ' (,' County increased by 62% and 63%" respectively with increases projected

to, 105% and 84% for 1976.

" , 17

(.\

":'~." i ~ ".; ' r· '." '., CRI~ IN lHE HIGH CRI~£ AffPS BI~INGW·1 HIGH CRHf AFfA BY CRI~ ,. CRIM: 1969 1970 1971 1972 19i3 1974 1975 1976* 1977* Homicide 92 63 82 \i 76 63 76 89 77 77 CRWE 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977* Race 87 86 98 103 191 188 177 277 313 1 Robbery 305 328 465 757 906 1,193 otal Crime 15,643 17,610 18,474 18,481 24,411 23,301 25,379 32,12< 35,034 1,475 2,196 2,552 ',., erson Assault 1,500 1,509 );.,470 f-i ,310 1 792 ' 2,100 1 543 2-,011 2 113 1,983 1,986 2,115 2,246 2,958 3,557 3,284 4,554 5,045 r'ime Burglary 3,724 4,365 4,857 5,)89 5,8~S .7,161 6,855 9,414 10,411 Property 27,541 29,955 Larceny 8,030 8,515 rime 13,659 15,624 16,359 'l.6,23~ 21,464 19,744 22,095 8,608 8"t337 12,57~, ~~4 11.,884 13,936 15,007 Auto Theft 1.905 2,744 2,894 2,409 . 3,OG5 ' 3,2'69 3,356 4,1941 4;'541 292 325 289.132 288 732 2~5.76d 231 664 Population 354 623 300 910 296 300 293 08~ 6 10 1 I. ,. 7. 7£ I';) .rb" t.,~ 75 ../ * 77* ,. b~ 70 i 1 7 7 *Projected *Projected 300 36,000 Total - ...... -_---Rape ..crime ,/ ./ ,/ / 200 ,/ 34,000 / ,,'/ ;' 32,000 /' I I.. / 100 _· ______lIomicide / Property t::- 30,000 ,."Crime ---= / ,/ / ,/ -- 28,00'1 / ,/ ~ 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76* 77* / I ~/ / 26,000 / / .... Larceny I ....- ....- 24,000 I / 14,000 // 22,000 / / / 12~00r / 20,000 '/

18,000 ,:::-,..' ...... Burglar , 10,000 ....- j"...... [~ 16,000 / .;~" 8,QOO / 14,000 / /

/. A'2,OOO ','} (I 6,000 10,000 Auto cr= __ Theft <1,: 8,000 4,000 ------I 6,000 .j Person __ -Robbery Crime 2,000 ""':::::==---Assau'it ,,4,000 ... - 2,000 r:rJ..L-- i 69 70 71 72 73' 74 75 76* ,. 77*

FIG. n - 4

,\

" " 19 18 . . ~.'<·i" r. " CRIM~ IN TIE HIGH CRIf"E AIDS • t'OBlli CCUrrY TOTAL CRlf"EJ. PERSm CRH'E & PRCPEIffi' CRIrf: eRrf"E' IN 11£ HIGH CRIf"E AFfAS MJBIII CCXJNTY - BY CRIf"E

CRIM=' lqnq 1q7n lq71 lqn 1Q"T~ lq74 lQ?t; lQ7r;* lQ77* Homicide 48 38 47 40 57 56 52 63 66 . Rape 67 94 98 102 103 96 108 128 137 ~obbery 331 394 502 413 434 568 839 949 1,062 Assault 635 600 571 674 1,314 1,248 1,211 1,836 2.071 Burglary 5,603 6,101 6.011 5.187 5,727 6,089 7.012 6,937 7,181 Larceny 4,184 4,955 4,592 4,266 4,412 7,175 9,251 10,303 11,618 Auto Theft 1 111 1 385 1 208 j23 878 Rnn 1 .nA!; 7nLl 1';1 ":{ Total 6 70 71 /. \ 3 74 7 76* 77* //Crime *Projected / 'l 23,000 // // I,,::UU. ,~ 22,000 / / 21,000 / / 20,000 19,000 800 II. 18,000 600. 17,000 15,000 400~---- 15.000

g,OaO 200 .- 13,000 1-_---':::::::--- 12,000 ~." e t " 11,000 12,000-· 10,000 9.000 10,000 8,000 7,000 8,006 6,000 6,000 5,000 'i 4.000 "person ~------._--- Crime 4,000 .. 3,OOD ...,. -'" 2,000 2,000 -----_Assault 1,000 ------,_._,-----,.------...... - , 1------, \' 69 70 71 72 7.3 74 75 76* 77*

FIG. II - 5 ~------!~~------'FIG. II - 6

21 20

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o CRIt-E HI THE HIGH CRIr'f AREAS . JEFFERSO"l COUNlY (EXCLtJDWG BII~'·lINGHM·1) TOTAL CRIr'E, PERsm CRI~'L MID PRCffRlY CRI~E " IrRWF lqfiq 1970 1971" 1972 1973 '1974 1975 1976* 1977* CRH-E 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976* ·1977* Homicide 27 28 19 39 36 47 40 57 63 Total Rape 44 59 49 53 67 90 85 115 127 i rrimp I> ,,,qa ",J:UI> 7 ?hl> 7 t;RQ 1n ~ 11 ,?74 B,4?fi 17.668 l-9.859 Robber.v 150 142 168 284 288 399 504 701 807 Ce'Csonrlme 672 664 696 849 888 1;003 1,259 1,829 2,051 435 460 473 497 467 630 648 688 l~r9perty " Assault 451 " Cr1me 5,035 6,151 6,569 6,740 9,364 10,271 12,167 16,152 18,179 Rllrn'"rv , ,QR' 2.320 2 308 2 731 3 334 4,449 4,641 6,426 7,255 4,506 " 7,702 8,605 Population 328,337 344,081 355,083 54,689 59,408 359,168 358,672 383,093 391,029 Larceny 2,611 3,212 3,695 3,352 5,176 6,072 2,024 2,318 t. 7 7 7 I / Irs /6" I'" Auto Theft' 443 619 566 657 854 1,316 1,454 *Projected t 7 7 TZ I I I 10 I '" *Projected 20,000 Total ;Crime 1,000 19,000 // / Property 900 18,000 Rg,bb'ery 1/ /'Crime 800 ., ..- / / ..-"- 17,000 I / 700 ~ -Assault / / --,,"---"-/ -- 16,000 600 / / /1 / 15,000 I / ;' / / 500 I ( '/ / 400 '-.,r"' 14,000 / / 13,000 I 300 / / ,JI 12,000 200 1.00 _------~ape 11,000 _.. ---- -Homicide ~ 10,000 9,000 9,000 8,000 / ...... )..• rceny 8,000 7,000 // ...... aurglary 7,000 6,000 / / / -- 6,000 / " 5,000 / 5,000 / 4,000 4,000 3,000 3,000 Auto Person ~_--- Theft \. 2,000 , 2,000 .,.'" " _----- Crime - 1,000 -- 1,000

69 70 71 72 73, 74 75 76* - 77* ...... ---...~------"i"'---~.I------I FIG. II - 2 FIG. II } 1

22 23 '---..-~ ------~------_t.::~ ____ _ --'.. -,. PERSON CRIHES IN ALABABA ~----~ ~ 16187 I ! 15.1% I i ! ' 1873 t 14.0% N , I, 3112 , I ! 2.9% I I 428 11268 ',j 2.6% 10.5% I 1250 I~ . 9462 ~ 7.6% 8.3% 1238 II

23301 i ! Ii 21. 7% . I ! I 659 4.9%

16504 81 15.4%

2575 2.4% 560 3.4% " 1 !

4144 3.3% 659 5.0%

ALARA'\1A scAlr 11 WOOOQ ALABAMA se .... 1.[ 1 1.5000.000 1609:J I i II lO JO .0 so Mllet

15.0% • 10 to .10 '0 \0 KII~.tfl' 1968 -. -.~ - 1/ 14.7% 1G098-~ Number of Crimes/Area II 1968 - Number of Crirres/Area 15.0% I- Percentage of St. Cr.in"es' I 14.7%-Percentage of State Crimes

, ~

.. ---~-. .- . .. _-_ ... - , , -~-.~-~-~ ~- f , T--- ·------.I-.. '-·-~.J !

24 • ~______:=E ______E I.. r ~--_-----..J..I.::..•. ___. ___ ---11_". __._____ ....ll.:.:. .. · ______--', .. d .h I 1 PROPERTY CRIME IN ~1A HOtD2IDES IN ALABAHA 1\' ~8 lt1314 8 11.5% 15.2% t ...t ! Ii 45 ! 7.9%

102,13 47 76 10.9% 3224 8.3% 13.3% '3.()%

36 6.-1% 76 1974·11. 13.3% I 4003 21. 0':; I 4.3% k , ! , I I 96 " I 16.8% I i I 4923 ; ! 15.9

20:17 I 21-3 2.2% i I 4.9% , i

! 32 5.7% 3485 3.9%

:u! ""1 I I ALABAMA I ALABAMA sc. ... LE I 2.SOO.000 I I o_ II _. to lQ _ 40 az=SO U ..., I 14130 ~~ U )0 co ~O KII_.t • ., 1 15.0% j 50 , 9.9% 14130 Number of Crimes/Area ~Ntnnber of Crirre.s/Area

15.0% Percentage of State CrLmes II ~percentage of State CrinBs I I ..:!..) i __ _. __ -----.------r ---.-- . .. ---~.---__r--- _.. -1 -----_ ... ---- .I" -- I..

I 26 ! ~ 27 l I. •t r ,--_._---._--. -}'------:E_ I.,· I.. · ASSAULTS IN ALABAMA I" .j :- ~ r BURGLARY IN ALA1W'1A ! I 0 5G45 131!J 15.6% 14.9% t 1'1 t

~} ,~

IJG7 223 5.6% 2.6% t

323 1760 9.8% 453 4.7% 5.4%

~4Sl 7161 24.9% 18.8%

II'

975 11.5% S365 14.2%

I ~~~~~), '--1-4-62---" !

3.9% ! i . I i i I ; '"----' I I . '----.-...I i : t: . ~~~~*~~~

ALABA:\tA 1248 ALABAMA 14.8% SCAlf I 1,500,000 I I "-. _11 )0 ".....: .. ".. G089 l' l'O JO NI.J .. I .... : • 10 to )I t. "";"_.111'1" j 16.9% • .. 20 )0 '0 SO )(111:."." 1248 umber of Crimes/Area 6089 Number of Crimes/Area 14. 8" - Percentage of State Crimes 16 . 9 -Percentage of State Crirres I ..

·t.

28 29 -I" I.,· I.. II r" -- -0)-8-----:::::E----ROBBER-Y...LI~-,. -ALABAMA------..lI=-u -- ____--LI". - ----~ ,,-, (0 RAPE IN ALABl\MA r 115 363 [ 14.3'J 10.2% . i f I I ! A" t .~ , 1 31 24 2.3%

90 11.1% 70 3.7% ~,~oJJ J 2::;) 41 7.6% 1:::~ I 5.1% ],,88 I 23.2% 1.193 I ! 3.7% , : 33.6% I I • I >-

:1 397 l13 13.9% II 11.1 J , I .

. , I \" i 4.0% 1 • oJ':> i I I , 91 I i 2.5% I , I I, I [ :~3%]I I I -, ,I ALABAMA ALABA~A SCALf 11 ~ooo

I. H 30 ... Sf ...... 10 10 )0 .~ so M"H r ) \).,., 95 - .. ICI :to )0 '0 so KII_.I", ..... ~ s_~ 11.9% :.S.9% 96 Nrnnbel.' of Crim2s/Area i , I ~Number of Crirres/Area ~percentage of State Crirres L·-( 11,9% Percentage of State Crim2s t i I >-." I - r .. ------_.. -.------~~.. ------~-=-=-=--=-~E.·==~======~==~~,! ~ :1" 30 31 .------,~------~~------,~------~--.1" ____ I.. , ["_ f IARCENY IN AIAB1'J'1A AU'ID THEFT IN ALABAMA 7 ~""7J I. 1092 I I 16.2% I I 11. 7% J • I • I I I t I ! H I i 1108 J I I 2.4% 3.0% I t J '38<)') i 4.306 I .. ' 9.6% 8.3% 0 1 125 8.8% 19.33 u 4.3% 9314 - 19.9% : ! ~ . I LJ ~;

8431 18.1% 1)77 11.6%

930 2.0% .\ }.)7 1. '/'6

1841 3.9% 1:32 2.0%

7175 ALABA~A 15.3% ALABAMA CSG It .1'0 J.O .. " ...... 9.2% - II 10 )0 "0 ~o .. ,Iu o 10 1'0 10 '0 so KII_tl,,, ~ -~ Rumber of Cr.ines/Area ~umber of Crimes/Area I i ~percentage of State Cr.ines I ~ Percentage of State Crimes ,.!' " (11 -- -..... -----"-1--- • I '------._----,------

32 33 . · , r· r

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