International Nuclear Law Essentials List of Lecturers
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Net Zero by 2050 a Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector Net Zero by 2050
Net Zero by 2050 A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector Net Zero by 2050 A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector Net Zero by 2050 Interactive iea.li/nzeroadmap Net Zero by 2050 Data iea.li/nzedata INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines the IEA member IEA association full spectrum countries: countries: of energy issues including oil, gas and Australia Brazil coal supply and Austria China demand, renewable Belgium India energy technologies, Canada Indonesia electricity markets, Czech Republic Morocco energy efficiency, Denmark Singapore access to energy, Estonia South Africa demand side Finland Thailand management and France much more. Through Germany its work, the IEA Greece advocates policies Hungary that will enhance the Ireland reliability, affordability Italy and sustainability of Japan energy in its Korea 30 member Luxembourg countries, Mexico 8 association Netherlands countries and New Zealand beyond. Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Please note that this publication is subject to Switzerland specific restrictions that limit Turkey its use and distribution. The United Kingdom terms and conditions are available online at United States www.iea.org/t&c/ This publication and any The European map included herein are without prejudice to the Commission also status of or sovereignty over participates in the any territory, to the work of the IEA delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Source: IEA. All rights reserved. International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org Foreword We are approaching a decisive moment for international efforts to tackle the climate crisis – a great challenge of our times. -
Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 69
STUDIES The 2002 Amendment to the German Atomic Energy Act Concerning the Phase-out of Nuclear Power by Dr. Axel Vorwerk* I. Introduction One of the German Government’s main legislative projects in the 14th legislative period of the German Bundestag was the legal regulation of the phase-out of the use of nuclear power. The Act on the structured phase-out of nuclear power for the commercial production of electricity entered into force on 27 April 2002.1 Section 1 of this Act contains amendments to the Act on the Peaceful Utilisation of Atomic Energy and the Protection against its Hazards (Atomic Energy Act) of 23 December 1959 (the 1985 consolidated text of this Act is reproduced in the Supplement to Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 36);2 Sections 2 and 3 contain amendments to the Ordinance on Financial Security Pursuant to the Atomic Energy Act of 25 January 1977 (the text of this Ordinance is reproduced in the Supplement to Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 18);3 and the Cost Ordinance Pursuant to the Atomic Energy Act of 17 December 1981.4 According to the decision of the German Government and the legislator, the further use of nuclear energy for commercial electricity production will only be permitted for a limited period due to the high risks associated with it, despite the high standard of safety at German installations in an international comparison. Even though, pursuant to the German Atomic Energy Act, precautionary action is to be taken against possible damage resulting from the operation of nuclear installations in accordance with the state of the art in science and technology, it is not possible to fully rule out the possibility of accidents resulting in major releases of ionising radiation. -
Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 92, Volume 2013/2
Legal Affairs 2013 N uclear Law Bulletin Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 92 – Volume 2013/2 Bulletin No. 92 – Volume Nuclear Law No. 92 Volume 2013/2 NEA Legal Affairs ISSN 0304-341X Nuclear Law Bulletin No. 92 © OECD 2013 NEA No. 7154 NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 34 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Republic of Korea, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. This work is published on the responsibility of the OECD Secretary-General. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the governments of its member countries. -
International Nuclear Law Essentials Programme
International Nuclear Law Essentials Paris, France 17 – 21 February 2020 Programme Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Nuclear Energy Agency Office of Legal Counsel ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 36 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Korea, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) was established on 1 February 1958. Current NEA membership consists of 33 countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Korea, Romania, Russia, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. -
Innovative Nuclear Reactor Development
THREE-AGENCE STUDY IAEA INNOVATIVE NUCLEAR REACTOR DEVELOPMENT Opportunities for International Co-operation Profil couleur : Generic CMYK printer profile - None Composite Trame par dØfaut INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY 9, rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris, cedex 15, France The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) was established on 1st February 1958 under the name The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an of the OEEC European Nuclear Energy Agency. It autonomous body which was established in received its present designation on 20th April November 1974 within the framework of the 1972, when Japan became its first non-European Organisation for Economic Co-operation and full Member. NEA membership today consists of Development (OECD) to implement an inter- 28 OECD Member countries: Australia, Austria, national energy programme. Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, It carries out a comprehensive programme of Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, energy co-operation among twenty-six* of the Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, OECD’s thirty Member countries. The basic aims of the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Republic of the IEA are: Korea, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. • to maintain and improve systems for coping The Commission of the European Communities also with oil supply disruptions; takes part in the work of the Agency. • to promote rational energy policies in a global The mission of the NEA is: context through co-operative relations -
NUCLEAR LAW BULLETIN No. 46
NUCLEAR LAW BULLETIN No. 46 Contents Detailed Table of Contents Studies and Articles Case Law and Administrative Decisions National Legrslative and Regulatory Actrvrtres International Regulatory Activitres Agreements Texts Bibliography ThlS BulletIn ulcludeo a supplement December 1990 Nuclear Energy Agency Orgamsakan for Economic Co-operahon and Development Pursuant to article I of the Convention ugncd m Pdns on 14th December 1960 and u hlch came mm force on 30th September 1961. the Organ~satwn for F.conom~c Gopcrat~on and Development (OECD) shall promote pols~cs deagned - to achwe the hlghat sustamahk economw growth and employment and a nrmg standard of lwmg m Member countna whde mamtammg linanaal stablIlt, and thus to mntnhute to the ckvclopment of the world economy - to contnbutc to sound cconom~c cxpansmn m Member as well as non-member countnes tn the prams of ec~norn~c development and - to contnbute to the expansmn of world trade on a mululateral nondwnmmatory basis m accordance wth mtcntatmnal obbgattons The ongmal Member countnes of the OECD are Austna Beigmm Canada Denmark France the Federal Rcpubbc of Germany, Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg the Netherlands Norway, Portugal Spam Sweden Swttzerland Turkey the Umted Kmgdom and the Umted Stata Tbe followmg countnes became Members subsequentI) through accewon at the data mdtcated hereafter Japan (28th Apnl 1964) Finland (28th Januan 1969) Autraba (7th June 1971) and New Zealand (29th May 1973) The Soaabst Federal Repubbc of Yugoslavia takes part m some of the work of the -
The Evolving Role and Image of the Regulator in Radioactive Waste Management
Radioactive Waste Management 2012 The Evolving Role and Image of the Regulator in Radioactive Waste Management Trends over Two Decades NEA Radioactive Waste Management ISBN 978-92-64-99186-6 The Evolving Role and Image of the Regulator in Radioactive Waste Management: Trends over Two Decades © OECD 2012 NEA No. 7083 NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 34 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Republic of Korea, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. This work is published on the responsibility of the OECD Secretary-General. -
Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries
N uclear Legislation in OECD and NEA Countries Regulatory and Institutional Framework for Nuclear Activities United States Nuclear Legislation in OECD and NEA Countries © OECD 2016 United States I. General Regulatory Regime ...................................................... 3 1. Introduction ........................................................................................... 3 2. Mining regime ........................................................................................ 4 3. Radioactive substances, nuclear fuel and equipment ................................... 5 a) Special nuclear material ...................................................................... 5 b) Source material .................................................................................. 6 c) By-product material ............................................................................ 6 d) Agreement State programmes ............................................................. 7 4. Nuclear installations................................................................................ 8 a) Initial licensing ................................................................................... 8 i) “Two-Step” licensing under 10 CFR Part 50 ...................................... 8 ii) Licensing under 10 CFR Part 52 ...................................................... 9 b) Operation and inspection, including nuclear safety ................................ 11 c) Operating licence renewal ................................................................. -
Nuclear Energy
ENERGY AND TRANSPORTATION • ENERGY REQUIREMENT NUCLEAR ENERGY In 2009 nuclear energy provided nearly 22% of total electricity Comparability supply in OECD countries. However, the use of nuclear Some generation data are provisional and may be subject to energy varies widely. In all, 18 of the 34 OECD countries use revision. Generation data for Japan are for the fiscal year. nuclear energy at present, with ten generating one-third or more of their power from this source in 2009. Collectively, OECD countries produce about 83% of the world’s nuclear Nuclear electricity generation energy. The remainder is produced in 12 non-OECD Terawatt hours, 2009 economies. 798.7 847.7 Definition 400 375 The table gives the nuclear electricity generation in terawatt 350 hours (TWh) in each of the OECD member countries and in 325 selected non-OECD countries. The chart shows the 300 percentage share of nuclear in total electricity generation, in 275 each country and in the OECD as a whole. 250 The table also provides information on the number of 225 nuclear power plants in operation and under construction 200 as of 1 June 2011. 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932535014 Overview Nuclear energy expanded rapidly in the 1970s and 1980s, but in the last 20 years only small numbers of new nuclear power plants have entered operation. The role of nuclear energy in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and in increasing energy diversification and security of supply has been increasingly recognised over the last few years, leading to renewed interest in building new nuclear plants in several countries. -
Introduction to Nuclear Law
Introduction to Nuclear Law Lisa Thiele Senior General Counsel, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission July 11, 2018 26 June – 3 August, 2018 SUMMER INSTITUTE Busan and Gyeongju, 2018 South Korea What We Will Cover • What is nuclear law and why do we need it? • Essential components and principles • International nuclear legal framework – overview of subject areas and instruments • International law requirements for national nuclear law • The example of Canada’s regulatory framework • Concluding thoughts and references for further discussion nuclearsafety.gc.ca 2 What is nuclear law? Why do we need it? nuclearsafety.gc.ca 3 What Is Nuclear Law? … the set of special legal rules created to regulate the conduct of those who engage in activities related to fissionable materials, and other activities involving ionizing radiation • Public law – law that governs ‒ Relations between the State and its population in matters of public order ‒ Relations between States; relations between States and international bodies • Both international and national in its scope ‒ Reflects the international law instruments to which State has committed ‒ Reflects the national view on nuclear nuclearsafety.gc.ca 4 What’s So Special About Nuclear? • Nuclear energy brings significant benefits (clean electricity, medical diagnosis and treatment, industrial and agricultural uses) and poses special risks (environment, health and safety, proliferation) ‒ Nuclear law is regulatory – if risks outweighed benefits, the law would prohibit the activity ‒ The focus is on balancing -
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Symposium, Safety Cases for the Deep Disposal of Radioactive Waste: Where Do We Stand? Held January 23–25, 2007 in Paris, France
QUICK LOOK TRIP REPORT Subject: Foreign Travel Quick Look Report—Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Symposium, Safety Cases for the Deep Disposal of Radioactive Waste: Where Do We Stand? held January 23–25, 2007 in Paris, France Travel Dates: January 22–28, 2007 Location: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Headquarters, Paris, France Organization/Committee: Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Desired Outcome: The information and insights gained from the participation in the symposium will assist in integrating international perspectives on high-level radioactive waste repository programs and would make NRC/CNWRA activities and decisions more effective, efficient, and realistic. Results Achieved: The symposium resulted in improved understandings of commonalities of and differences between the approaches of different countries in developing safety cases for the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The traveler presented a paper titled Perspectives on Developing Independent Performance Assessment Capability to Support Regulatory Reviews of the Safety Case. The traveler also presented a poster on behalf of an NRC staff member who was unable to attend; the poster title was Preclosure Safety Analysis for Seismically Initiated Event Sequences. Discussions following the presentation topics during the meeting provided valuable exchange of information and feedback as indicated in the items of note in the following Summary of the Trip. Summary of Trip: The stated aims of the symposium were to provide a venue to (i) share practical experiences on preparing for, developing and documenting a safety case; (ii) share experiences on the regulatory perspective; (iii) highlight the progress made in the last decade, the actual state of the art, and the observed trends; (iv) assess the relevance of international contributions in this field; and (v) receive indications useful to the future working program of the NEA and other international organizations. -
Polish Nuclear Power Programme
Polish Nuclear Power Programme ____________________________________ Warsaw, January 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. SUMMARY OF ACTIONS TAKEN TO DATE ..................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 2. THE OBJECTIVES AND THE SCHEDULE OF THE POLISH NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME . 11 2.1. THE FOUNDATIONS OF PNPP ..................................................................................................... 11 2.2. TERM OF PNPP ........................................................................................................................... 12 2.3. DIAGNOSIS OF THE SITUATION IN THE PROGRAMMING PERIOD .............................................. 13 2.4. SWOT .......................................................................................................................................... 13 2.5. MAJOR OBJECTIVE AND DETAILED OBJECTIVES ......................................................................... 15 2.6. RELATED STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................ 16 2.7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF ACHIEVING THE MAJOR OBJECTIVE AND THE DETAILED OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................