Mobile Systems II IFI-2007.02 – No
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Burkhard Stiller Thomas Bocek Cristian Morariu Peter Racz Gregor Schaffrath Martin Waldburger (Eds.) Mobile Systems II IFI-2007.02 – No. EPORT R ECHNICAL T 2007 University of Zurich Department of Informatics (IFI) Binzmühlestrasse 14, CH-8050 Zürich, Switzerland ifi Burkhard Stiller, Thomas Bocek, Cristian Morariu, Peter Racz, Gregor Schaffrath, Martin Waldburger (Eds.) Mobile Systems II Technical Report No. IFI-2007.02 Communication Systems Department of Informatics (IFI) University of Zurich Binzmuehlestrasse 14, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland http://www.csg.uzh.ch/ Burkhard Stiller Thomas Bocek Cristian Morariu Peter Racz Gregor Schaffrath Martin Waldburger (Eds.) Mobile Systems II – No. ifi-2007.04 EPORT R ECHNICAL T March 2007 University of Zurich Department of Informatics (IFI) Binzmühlestrasse 14, CH-8050 Zürich, Switzerland ifi B. Stiller, T. Bocek, C. Morariu, P. Racz, G. Schaffrath, M. Waldburger (Eds.): Technical Report No. ifi-2007.04, March 2007 Communication Systems Group (CSG) Department of Informatics (IFI) University of Zurich Binzmuhlestrasse¨ 14, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland URL: http://www.csg.uzh.ch Introduction The Department of Informatics (IFI) of the University of Zurich,¨ Switzerland works on research and teaching in the area of communications. One of the driving topics in applying communications technology is addressing investigations on mobility aspects and support for mobile users. Therefore, during the winter term WS 2006/2007 a new instance of the Mobile Systems seminar has been prepared and students as well as supervisors worked on this topic. Even today, the increasing number of mobile and wireless networks as well as their users or customers drive many developments of systems and protocols for mobile systems. The areas of underlying networking and development technology, of services assisting security or Quality-of-Service (QoS), and of mobility support determine an important part of future wireless networks. Therefore, this year’s seminar addressed such areas in more depth. The understanding and clear identification of problems in technical and organizational terms have been prepared and challenges as well as weaknesses of existing approaches have been addressed in a mobile and wireless environment. All talks in this seminar provide a systematic approach to judge dedicated pieces of systems or proposals and their suitability. Content This second edition of the seminar entitled “Mobile Systems II” discusses a number of selected topics in the area of mobile communication. The first talk “MANET – Mo- bile Ad-hoc Networks” gives an introduction to mobile ad-hoc networks and discusses challenges. Talk two “Operating Systems for Mobile Devices” provides an overview of operating systems specially tailored to mobile devices. “WiMAX Wireless Network Tech- nology” as talk three presents the new wireless network technology, WiMAX. The fourth talk addresses “Wireless Sensor Networks”. Talk five “Delay Tolerant Networks – Chal- lenges and Solutions” discusses networks, where application and network protocols have to deal with high network delays. The sixth talk “Push E-mail Systems” addresses e-mail systems providing push services. Talk seven “Intrusion Detection in Wireless and Ad-hoc Networks” outlines intrusion de- tection systems specially focusing on wireless network environments. “Virus and Spam Threats on Mobile Devices” as talk eight discusses security issues as well, addressing viruses and spams on mobile devices. The ninth talk “Voice and Video Transmission over 3 4 Wireless Networks” presents protocols and mechanisms used for voice and video trans- mission in wireless networks. Talk ten “Routing in Multi-hop Mesh Networks” focuses on routing protocols in mesh networks. Talk eleven continues with “QoS-enabled MAC Schemes for Wireless Networks” and presents MAC protocols designed to improve QoS provisioning in wireless networks. Finally, talk twelve “Mobile Content Providers and Net Neutrality” discusses content providers vs. neutral network access. Seminar Operation Based on well-developed experiences of former seminars, held in different academic en- vironments, all interested students worked on an initially offered set of papers and book chapters. Those relate to the topic titles as presented in the Table of Content below. They prepared a written essay as a clearly focused presentation, an evaluation, and a summary of those topics. Each of these essays is included in this technical report as a separate section and allows for an overview on important areas of concern, sometimes business models in operation, and problems encountered. In addition, every group of students prepared a slide presentation of approximately 45 minutes to present his findings and summaries to the audience of students attending the seminar and other interested students, research assistants, and professors. Following a general question and answer phase, a student-lead discussion debated open issues and critical statements with the audience. Local IFI support for preparing talks, reports, and their preparation by students had been granted by Thomas Bocek, Cristian Morariu, Peter Racz, Gregor Schaffrath, Martin Waldburger, and Burkhard Stiller. In particular, many thanks are addressed to Peter Racz for his strong commitment on getting this technical report ready and quickly pub- lished. A larger number of pre-presentation discussions have provided valuable insights in the emerging and moving field of Mobile Systems, both for all groups of students and supervisors. Many thanks to all people contributing to the success of this event, which has happened in a lively group of highly motivated and technically qualified students and people. Zurich,¨ March 2007 Contents 1 Mobile Ad-hoc Networks 7 Bielik Jan, Vonesch Christian, Wirz Franziska 2 Operating Systems for Mobile Devices 41 Ueli Hofstetter, Philippe Hunberbuhler,¨ Anil Kandrical 3 WiMAX Wireless Network Technology 69 Marc H¨ammig, Sonja N¨af, Martina Vazquez 4 Wireless Sensor Networks 97 Daniel Eisenring, Nora Kleisli, Tobias Wolf 5 Delay Tolerant Networks - Challenges and Solutions 129 Daniel Heuberger, Ronny Kallupurackal, Marcel Lanz 6 Push Email Systems 155 Adrian C. Leemann, Amir Sadat 7 Intrusion Detection in Wireless and Ad-hoc Networks 189 Raphaela Estermann, Richard Meuris, Philippe Hochstrasser 8 Virus and Spam Threats on Moblie Devices 229 Patrick Fauquex, Simon Derungs, Martin Schill 9 Voice and Video Transmission over Wireless Networks 263 Fabian Hensel, Andres Petralli, Pascal Suter 5 6 10 Routing in Multi-hop Mesh Networks 295 Andreas Bossard, Daniel D¨onni, Daniel Rickert 11 QoS-enabled MAC Schemes for Wireless Networks 323 Aggeler Mattias, Hochstrasser Martin, Ma Seung Hee 12 Mobile-Inhalteanbieter und Netzneutralit¨at 351 Matthias Alder, St´ephanieEugster, Philipp Kr¨autli Kapitel 1 Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Bielik Jan, Vonesch Christian, Wirz Franziska Wichtige Aspekte der heutigen Gesellschaft bilden die Mobilit¨at und die Kommunikati- on. Jedoch widersprechen sich diese zwei Eigenschaften oft. Auf dem Weg zur Arbeit, in den ¨offentlichen Transportmitteln und auch im ¨offentlichen Raum fehlt h¨aufig ein Zugang zu einem schnellen Netzwerk, zum Beispiel zum Internet. Eine L¨osung fur¨ dieses Pro- blem liefern so genannte MANETs, welche im RFC 2501 [1] beschrieben werden. Diese Seminararbeit wird sich mit dieser neuen Netzwerktechnologie besch¨aftigen. Da in den letzten Jahren sehr intensiv an diesem Thema geforscht wurde, soll diese Arbeit in erster Linie einen state-of-the-art Uberblick¨ in diese Technik geben und daher die einzelnen The- menbereiche nicht bis ins letzte Detail besprechen. Fragen nach dem Stand der aktuellen Forschung werden hier beantwortet und auch die zukunftige¨ Entwicklung wird beleuchtet. Vertieft behandelt werden die technischen Aspekte, wie auch die Herausforderungen, mit welchen diese Technologie noch zu k¨ampfen hat. Bis heute sind MANETs noch nicht sehr verbreitet. In dieser Arbeit sollen dennoch einige Beispiele aufgezeigt werden, in welchen man diese Technik einsetzen kann. 7 8 Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Inhaltsverzeichnis 1.1 Einfuhrung¨ .............................. 9 1.2 Terminologie . 10 1.3 Technische Aspekte . 11 1.3.1 Charakteristiken . 11 1.3.2 Komponenten . 13 1.4 Herausforderungen . 14 1.4.1 Quality of Service . 15 1.4.2 Netzwerktopologie . 17 1.4.3 Routing . 18 1.4.4 Performance . 23 1.4.5 Dienste . 25 1.4.6 Sicherheit . 26 1.4.7 Energieeffizienz . 30 1.4.8 Skalierbarkeit . 30 1.4.9 Adresszuweisung . 31 1.5 Anwendungen . 32 1.6 Trends................................. 34 Bielik Jan, Vonesch Christian, Wirz Franziska 9 1.1 Einfuhrung¨ Ein Modewort, das von den IT-Fachleuten gerne in den Mund genommen wird, ist “Ubi- quitous Computing”. Dies bezeichnet die Allgegenw¨artigkeit von Informationsverarbeitung und damit einhergehend der jederzeitige Zugriff auf Daten von beliebiger Stelle aus [2]. Mit dem Aufkommen der vielen kleinen mobilen Ger¨aten (wie z.B. MP3-Player, Handy, Pocket-PC und Wearable-Computers) ist man diesem Ziel einen kleinen Schritt n¨aher gekommen. Jedoch lassen sich diese Ger¨ate nicht oder nur sehr schwer miteinander ver- binden. Wenn nun all diese Ger¨ate sich automatisch miteinander verbinden und so selbstst¨andig Informationen austauschen k¨onnten, er¨offnet dies fur¨ den Menschen einen erheblichen Mehrwert. Eine Person besitzt zum Beispiel einen MP3-Player und einen Notebook, welche miteinander verbunden sind. Dieser Benutzer wartet am Flughafen auf sein versp¨atetes Flugzeug und vertreibt sich die Zeit mit Musikh¨oren.