Pihemanu Kure Atoll

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Kure Atoll ALOHA! Come follow me on a journey through the Hōlanikū islands and atolls of Papahanaumokuakea!− − We will fly Mokupāpapa Pearl & Hermes Atoll Manawai past the prominent cliffs of Nihoa all the way to the Holoikauaua − − Laysan Island salt − encrusted sands of Holaniku. Kamole Kauō Gardner Pinnacles ‘Ōnūnui, ‘Ōnūiki Midway Atoll Pūhāhonu Kuaihelani Pihemanu Mokumanamana Nihoa Lisianski Island Kapou Papa‘āpoho Maro Reef Kamokuokamohoali‘i Kaua‘i Ko‘anako‘a O‘ahu Moloka‘i French Frigate Shoals Maui Ni‘ihau Lalo Lāna‘i N Kānemiloha‘i Kaho‘olawe Hawai‘i ‘ ‘ For answers to activities go to www.papahanaumokuakea.gov/maritime/journeybook.html USS Yorktown Type: aircra carrier Date Lost: 1942 Soryu Type: aircra carrier Date Lost: 1942 Japan Akagi Whaling Type: aircra carrier Grounds Date Lost: 1942 SS Quartette Kaga Type: Liberty Ship Type: aircra carrier Date Lost: 1952 Date Lost: 1942 Pearl South Seaman Kure Atoll Type: Whaler Type: Whaler Pearl & Date Lost: 1822 Date Lost: 1859 Hermes Atoll Hermes Daniel Wood Gledstanes Midway Atoll Type: Whaler Type: Whaler Type: Whaler Date Lost: 1822 Date Lost: 1867 Date Lost: 1837 Two Brothers Parker Type: Whaler Type: Whaler Lisianski Island Laysan Date Lost: 1822 Date Lost: 1842 Carrollton Type: Bark Island Churchill USS Saginaw Date Lost: 1906 Type: Schooner Type: Navy Gardner Date Lost: 1917 Gunboat USS Macaw Maro Reef Date Lost: 1870 Type: Sub Rescue Vessel Pinnacles Date Lost: 1944 Holder Borden Dunnottar Castle Type: Whaling Ship Type: Sailing Brewster F2A-3 Buﬀalo Date Lost: 1844 Huntress N Vessel Type: WWII era aircra Mokumanamana Type: Whaler French Nihoa Date Lost: 1942 Konohasset Date Lost: 1852 Type: Whaling Ship Frigate P-40K Warhawk Date Lost: 1846 USNS Mission San Shoals Type: WWII era aircra Miguel Date Lost: 1943 Type: T2-SE-A2 Tanker Original Papahānaumokuākea Marine Date Lost: 1957 F4U-1 Corsair National Monument boundary Type: WWII era aircra Expanded Papahānaumokuākea Marine Date Lost: Unknown N National Monument boundary F4U-1 Corsair Type: WWII era aircra Date Lost: Unknown Original Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument boundary Expanded Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument boundary .

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Project Leader Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge
Project Leader Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge Location Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge and Battle of Midway National Memorial is located 1,300 miles from the main Hawaiian Islands and is part of the Northwestern Hawaiian Island chain. In addition to being a refuge and national memorial, Midway Atoll is also a part of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, one of the largest protected areas in the world. Midway Atoll is recognized as globally important for breeding albatross and other seabirds, and for its historic and cultural significance. It is also home to Henderson Field, an FAA emergency stop airport for transpacific flights. The island is inhabited year round by a population of ~50 residents that are a mix of FWS employees, volunteers, interns, and contractors of various nationalities. It is a tight, close-knit community where residents work, live, and spend down time together. Skills/Specialized Experience The Project Leader position at Midway Atoll NWR is one of the most unique and challenging refuge management positions in the refuge system. The ideal candidate would have experience working in remote locations, managing a large and diverse group of people, and possess an ability to maintain calm and steady leadership in the face of unexpected challenges. We are looking for a leader who will prioritize the safety, security and wellness of the island residents above all else. Other exciting challenges include complicated logistics as all supplies and personnel must be flown or shipped to the island, working with a variety of partners who rely on the island for staging (Coast Guard), monitoring (NOAA, DOD, etc...) and mission critical amenities (FAA and airport), and managing an airfield, a robust biological program, and the logistics of supporting a remote community.
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OGC-98-5 U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution
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Geology of Hawaii Reefs
11 Geology of Hawaii Reefs Charles H. Fletcher, Chris Bochicchio, Chris L. Conger, Mary S. Engels, Eden J. Feirstein, Neil Frazer, Craig R. Glenn, Richard W. Grigg, Eric E. Grossman, Jodi N. Harney, Ebitari Isoun, Colin V. Murray-Wallace, John J. Rooney, Ken H. Rubin, Clark E. Sherman, and Sean Vitousek 11.1 Geologic Framework The eight main islands in the state: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe , Lanai , Molokai , Oahu , Kauai , of the Hawaii Islands and Niihau , make up 99% of the land area of the Hawaii Archipelago. The remainder comprises 11.1.1 Introduction 124 small volcanic and carbonate islets offshore The Hawaii hot spot lies in the mantle under, or of the main islands, and to the northwest. Each just to the south of, the Big Island of Hawaii. Two main island is the top of one or more massive active subaerial volcanoes and one active submarine shield volcanoes (named after their long low pro- volcano reveal its productivity. Centrally located on file like a warriors shield) extending thousands of the Pacific Plate, the hot spot is the source of the meters to the seafloor below. Mauna Kea , on the Hawaii Island Archipelago and its northern arm, the island of Hawaii, stands 4,200 m above sea level Emperor Seamount Chain (Fig. 11.1). and 9,450 m from seafloor to summit, taller than This system of high volcanic islands and asso- any other mountain on Earth from base to peak. ciated reefs, banks, atolls, sandy shoals, and Mauna Loa , the “long” mountain, is the most seamounts spans over 30° of latitude across the massive single topographic feature on the planet.
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5 (Lql"~ (T~I ~ Fl'u<Y
~-----" (t~i ~ fl'U<y 5 (lql"~ MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT AMONG THE STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE AND THE u.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE AND NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE FOR PROMOTING COORDINATED MANAGEMENT IN THE NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS University Of Hawaii School of Law Library - Jon Van Dyke Archives Collection I. BACKGROUND A. The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) include a vast and remote chain of islands that are a part of the Hawaiian archipelago and provide habitat to numerous species found nowhere else on earth. These islands represent a nearly pristine ecosystem where habitats upon which marine species depend include both land and water. This area represents the majority of the coral reefs found in the United States' jurisdiction and supports more than 7,000 marine species, of which half are unique to the Hawaiian Islands chain. The area is rich in history and represents a place ofciilturaI-sfgnificahcelotheHtlativeHawaiians:lt is an-area that must be carefully managed to ensure that the resources are not diminished for future generations. The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are also the most remote archipelago in the world. This isolation has resulted in need for integrated resource management of this vast and exceptional marine environment. There is a need for coordinated management in this unique and special pl~ce where various State and Federal agencies and advisory councils have a variety of authorities and jurisdiction. B. The area subject to this Agreement is the lands and waters of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands out to 50 nautical miles and includes all atolls, reefs, shoals, banks, and islands from Nihoa Island in the Southeast to Kure Atoll in the Northwest.
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Photographing the Islands of Hawaii
Molokai Sea Cliffs - Molokai, Hawaii Photographing the Islands of Hawaii by E.J. Peiker Introduction to the Hawaiian Islands The Hawaiian Islands are an archipelago of eight primary islands and many atolls that extend for 1600 miles in the central Pacific Ocean. The larger and inhabited islands are what we commonly refer to as Hawaii, the 50 th State of the United States of America. The main islands, from east to west, are comprised of the Island of Hawaii (also known as the Big Island), Maui, Kahoolawe, Molokai, Lanai, Oahu, Kauai, and Niihau. Beyond Niihau to the west lie the atolls beginning with Kaula and extending to Kure Atoll in the west. Kure Atoll is the last place on Earth to change days and the last place on Earth to ring in the new year. The islands of Oahu, Maui, Kauai and Hawaii (Big Island) are the most visited and developed with infrastructure equivalent to much of the civilized world. Molokai and Lanai have very limited accommodation options and infrastructure and have far fewer people. All six of these islands offer an abundance of photographic possibilities. Kahoolawe and Niihau are essentially off-limits. Kahoolawe was a Navy bombing range until recent years and has lots of unexploded ordinance. It is possible to go there as part of a restoration mission but one cannot go there as a photo destination. Niihau is reserved for the very few people of 100% Hawaiian origin and cannot be visited for photography if at all. Neither have any infrastructure. Kahoolawe is photographable from a distance from the southern shores of Maui and Niihau can be seen from the southwestern part of Kauai.
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B: Other U.S. Island Possessions in the Tropical Pacific
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Nihoa Manawai Holoikauaua Pearl & Hermes Atoll Kapou Papa'āpoho Lisianski Island Kamole Kauō Laysan Island Kamokuokamohoali'i Ko'anako'a Maro Reef
175°E 180° 175°W 170°W 165°W 160°W 155°W 150°W 35°N 35°N North America Japan Map Area Photo by Dan Clark/USFWS Hawaiian Islands Photo by Na‘alehu Anthony P a c i f i c Seabird Refuge A Living Hawaiian Culture O c e a n The monument is home to over 14 million seabirds 30°N Hiryū USS Yorktown Equator representing 23 species. This includes the world's Traditional Hawaiian accounts describe largest colonies of Laysan and black-footed Papahānaumokuākea as a sacred area from which Rapa Sōryū albatross. Pictured above is the world's oldest life first emerged and to which spirits return after Nui Australia known bird in the wild – a Laysan albatross named 30°N death. Akagi Wisdom! Banded in 1956 when she was at least five Kaga years old, Wisdom may have hatched more than 36 New Zealand chicks in her lifetime. Hōlanikū Manawai Unnamed Holoikauaua Mokupāpapa Seamount Kure Atoll Pearl & Hermes Atoll 582,578 square miles, only six square miles of land Helsley Seamount Ladd Seamount Kamole Kauō ‘Ōnūnui, ‘Ōnūiki Photo by Mark Sullivan/NOAA Laysan Island Photo by NOAA/OER Endemic Sanctuary Pūhāhonu New Discoveries The monument is home to many species found Kuaihelani Gardner Pinnacles The majority of the seafloor in the Northwestern nowhere else on Earth and is a critically important Pihemanu Salmon Hawaiian Islands lies at depths below 10,000 feet nesting ground for green sea turtles and breeding Bank (3,000 meters). Using advanced technologies like ground for Hawaiian monk seals.
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Hawaiian Bird Conservation Action Plan Focal Species: Laysan Albatross or Mōlī (Phoebastria immutabilis) Black-footed Albatross or Ka’upu (Phoebastria nigripes) Short-tailed Albatross (Phoebastria albatrus) Synopsis: These three North Pacific albatrosses are demographically similar, share vast oceanic ranges, and face similar threats. Laysan and Black-footed Albatrosses nest primarily in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, while the Short-tailed Albatross nests mainly on islands near Japan but forages extensively in U.S. waters. The Short-tailed Albatross was once thought to be extinct but its population has been growing steadily since it was rediscovered in 1951 and now numbers over 3,000 birds. The Laysan is the most numerous albatross species in the world with a population over 1.5 million, but its trend has been hard to determine because of fluctuations in number of breeding pairs. The Black-footed Albatross is one-tenth as numerous as the Laysan and its trend also has been difficult to determine. Fisheries bycatch caused unsustainable mortality of adults in all three species but has been greatly reduced in the past 10-20 years. Climate change and sea level rise are perhaps the greatest long-term threat to Laysan and Black-footed Albatrosses because their largest colonies are on low-lying atolls. Protecting and creating colonies on higher islands and managing non-native predators and human conflicts may become keys to their survival. Laysan, Black-footed, and Short-tailed Albatrosses (left to right), Midway. Photos Eric VanderWerf Status
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RECORDS of the HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY for 1994 Part 2: Notes1
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1 Applying Makawalu to Midway Atoll's Visitor Program Kuaihelani, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument by Gina M. Mcgu
Applying Makawalu to Midway Atoll’s Visitor Program Kuaihelani, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument by Gina M. McGuire B.A. (Stanford University) 2017 A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science in the Graduate Division of the University of Hawaiʻi, Hilo Committee in charge: Dr. Jason P. Turner Dr. Kathryn Besio Mr. Barry W. Stieglitz Spring 2019 1 ABSTRACT Applying Makawalu to Midway Atoll’s Visitor Program: Kuaihelani, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument by Gina M. McGuire Master of Science in Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science University of Hawaiʻi, Hilo Professor Jason P. Turner, Chair This study informs decisionmakers on the stakeholder's views about the feasibility of re- opening visitation to the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge and Battle of Midway National Memorial. Midway Atoll is operated under the National Wildlife Refuge System and is the only area within the surrounding Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument designated to allow for public visitation. Narrative research methodologies including interviewing and participant observation were conducted under the Hawaiian framework of makawalu, literally translating to “eight eyes.” Narrative research provides the context and added complexity to inform decisions about visitation regarding social, ecological, heritage, and economic interests in the Atoll. Stakeholder responses show that the question as to whether visitation “should” be re- opened on Midway is unclear across responses, and that in many cases where there is strong conviction to have visitation, it is only for certain groups and interviewees have serious reservations about visitation program design. Spatial landscape analysis identifies gaps in data availability to determine potential environmental impact on Midway Atoll and the importance of including Indigenous ways of knowing in management.
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Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of Wake Atoll1
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