Study Report Study Report

MAPPING OF INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Participatory Research in Asia

Content

Content Page

A General Profile of Muzaffarpur City 2 A General Poverty Profile of Muzaffarpur City 3 Methodology for Listing of Informal Settlements 5 Status of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 5 Challenges and Lessons Learned 12

Annexures Annex.1: Format for Listing of Informal Settlements 14 Annex. 2: List of informal Settlements 16

List of Charts and Figures Chart 1: Decadal Population Growth of Muzaffarpur City 2 Chart 2: Status of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 6 Chart 3: Ownership of Informal Settlement Lands in Muzaffarpur 6 Chart 4: Surrounding Areas of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 7 Chart 5: Type of Physical Location of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 7 Chart 6: Locational Characteristics of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 8 Chart 7: Type of Structures for Majority of Houses in Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur 8 Chart 8: Approach Road to the Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 9 Chart 9: Type of Internal Roads in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur 9 Chart 10: Distance from Nearest Motorable Road for Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur 10 Chart 11: Presence of Public Institutions in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur 11 Chart 12: Presence of CBOs in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur 11 Chart 13: Presence of NGO Projects in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur 12

Figure 1: Map of Muzaffarpur City Showing All the Wards 3 Figure 2: Map of Muzaffarpur City Showing the Locations of Informal Settlements 4

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A General Profile of Muzaffarpur City

Muzaffarpur, “the Land of Leechi” was created in 1860s for administrative convenience by splitting up the erstwhile district of Tirhut. The present town of Muzaffarpur came into existence in the 18th century and was named after Muzaffar Khan, an Amil (Revenue Officer) under British Dynasty.

Muzaffarpur is the administrative headquarter of Muzaffarpur District. The total area under the jurisdiction of Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation (MMC) is about 26.68 Km2 (2668.44 Ha). According to 2011 Census, the city has a population of 351,607 with 65,870 households. The city is divided into 49 wards. Muzaffarpur lies between the Burhi Gandak River and Furdoo Nallah. The municipal area has been further divided into eight administrative and sanitation circles.

Muzaffarpur has several industries. Prabhat Zarda Factory, Bharat Wagon and Engineering Ltd., Bihar Drugs and Organic Chemicals Ltd., Muzaffarpur – a unit of IDPL, units of Leather Development Corporation, Muzaffarpur Dairy, a unit of the Bihar State Dairy Corporation, thermal power plant (at present defunct) are the major industries located in Muzaffarpur and its periphery. The above industries have generated considerable employment and have also been helpful in establishing a number of small industries including a few cottage industries. The most important item that is manufactured in Muzaffarpur town is railway wagon. Muzaffarpur town is an important centre for the wholesale cloth trade. Agro-based Industries are also established in the town.

Muzaffarpur has few potential tourist sites like the Baba Garibnath Temple, Chaturbhujsthan Temple, Gola Durga Temple, Bangla Mukhi Temple, Pankha Toli Temple, Bishops’ House Church and European Church apart from litchi plantation/ orchards.1

Chart 1: Decadal Population Growth of Muzaffarpur City

4,00,000 3,54,462 3,50,000 3,05,525 3,00,000 2,41,107 2,50,000 2,00,000 1,50,000 1,00,000 50,000 0 1991 2001 2011

The city has experienced rapid population growth in the last four decades - from 54,139 in 1951 to 305,525 in 2001 and 351,607 in 2011. The average decadal growth rate has been 28%. There was 56% upsurge in the town’s population growth in 1971-81, thereafter, the growth has stabilised. According to 2011 census, the average population density is 131.

1 Source: CDP Muzaffarpur (2010-30)

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In 2001 civic election, the number of wards increased from 22 to 36 in Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation. It was further increased to 49 wards as of today. After 2011 election there were 23 male councillors and 26 female councillors.

Figure 1: Map of Muzaffarpur City Showing All the Wards

Source: CDP, Muzaffarpur

A General Poverty Profile of Muzaffarpur City

The Bihar state slum Policy 2011, defines a slum is “a compact area of at least 20 'slum like households' of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment u s u a l l y with i n a d e q u a t e infrastructure and l a c k i n g p r o p e r sanitation and drinking water facilities”. The essential characteristic of the slums and slum like inhabitation as laid out in the state slum policy are as:

 High overall household density and predominantly small plot/house; high occupancy rate, single-room houses, cohabitation by two or more families.  Inadequate availability of settlement level infrastructure - street lighting, storm water drainage, garbage collection and predominance of narrow and kutcha streets and inadequate access to education and basic health care facilities.

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The informal settlements are scattered across all 49 wards of the city. However, in Ward No. 17, 34 and 38 the concentration of informal settlements is higher. These are also the old habitations and primarily inhabited by migrant labour communities.

Figure 2: Map of Muzaffarpur City Showing the Locations of Informal Settlements

Source: CDP Muzaffarpur

The informal settlements in Muzaffarpur exhibit characteristics such as lack of provision of minimum basic infrastructure, viz. sanitation facility, drainage system, solid waste management, etc. Most informal settlements are dependent on hand pumps for water supply and a large majority practice of open defecation. Absence of drainage system and solid waste management results in unhealthy and unhygienic living conditions.

The urban poor in Muzaffarpur mainly work as labourers and in other informal trades such as vending vegetables and fruits, as cycle-rickshaw pullers, etc. According to 2011 census there were 105 informal settlements with a population of 31,607 with 5,292 households in the city whereas the survey conducted by SPUR Programme of state government in 2011, identified 137 informal settlement having a total of 77,456 population and 7,035 BPL families. However officially MMC has notified 105 slums as per the definition and characteristics laid out in the State Slum Policy 2011 (Annex.2). The access to basic services such as health, education, water and sanitation in Muzaffarpur city to the urban poor residing in these informal settlements is limited.

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Methodology for Listing of Informal Settlements

The process of mapping informal settlements started with gathering secondary data from different sources and studying the data for better understanding of the city. The secondary data included list of notified slums (from Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation), 2011 Census Reports, City Development Plan of Muzaffarpur and other reports prepared under JNNURM.

It also involved a number of interactions with various stakeholders in the city. The stakeholders included Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation officials and councillors, ex-councillors, and community leaders. PRIA team also interacted with media representatives working on smart city and sanitation issues and different NGOs working in the city. These stakeholder interactions and analysis of secondary data have helped PRIA team in understanding the city and identifying and locating the locations of informal settlements in the city.

Right in the beginning, the elected councillor of a particular ward was informed about the purpose of listing and mapping of informal settlements. The PRIA team members visited and interacted with the ex-councillors as well as other contestants in the last civic election for seeking information about the informal settlements and about the active citizens in the informal settlements.

The Anganwadi Centre in an informal settlement is engaged in a lot of activities. The team consulted the Anganwadi workers which proved to be helpful in identifying the development issues in informal settlement and the active women groups and youth in the community. A good relationship with Anganwadi workers also enabled the team to interact candidly with the community.

The existing community based organisations / associations, youth groups and religious groups were identified and approached. Some of the community meeting places like shops, tea stalls, gardens and community centres were also visited. These were the places where the community people engaged in informal discussions which proved to be good sources of information. A visit to these places gave a good idea about the community people and happenings in the community.

The team also facilitated a set of Participatory Urban Appraisal tools such as Transect Walk through informal settlements, conducting Focus Group Discussions, Informal Interviews, Social and Resource Mapping. During these interactions, the information was collected and verified from the informal settlement residents.

The relevant information about each informal settlement was collected in a format which is presented in Annex.1.

Status of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Status of informal settlements

The mapping process identified a total of 105 informal settlements. Out of 105 informal settlements 97% were notified and 3% were non-notified informal settlements. The non-notified informal settlements were located in Ward No. 10 (IB Mohalla), Ward No. 39 (Bhavani Singh Market) and Ward No. 30 (Aghoriya Bazar Chauk).

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Chart 2: Status of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Non-notified, 3%

Notified, 97%

Ownership of informal settlement lands

Sixty eight percent (71) informal settlements were located on private land, 12 percent (13) were located on municipal lands, 12 percent (13) were located on the lands belonged to the state government, 4 percent (4) were located on lands belonged to railways. Four percent informal settlements were located on other categories of lands belonged to institutions such as Wakf Boards and others. These lands were donated to the residents of informal settlements a long ago, however, they did not have any legal papers such as deed of registration, deed of gift, or mutation of land.

Chart 3: Ownership of Informal Settlement Lands in Muzaffarpur

80%

70% 68%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20% 12% 12% 10% 4% 4%

0%

Railway Municipality Private State government Any other

Type of surrounding area of the informal settlements in Muzaffarpur

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It was important to understand the surrounding areas of the informal settlements in order to develop appropriate strategies for enhancing access to services or entitlements as these had social and legal implications. Ninety percent (95) informal settlements were surrounded by the residential area. Seven percent (7) informal settlements were surrounded by commercial area and 3 percent informal settlements were surrounded by other slums.

Chart 4: Surrounding Areas of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Other slums, 3% Commercial, 7%

Residential, 90%

Type of physical location of informal settlements in Muzaffarpur

It was important to have an understanding on the physical location of the informal settlements as these locations have had serious implications on the tenability issues. Seventy one percent (74) informal settlements in Muzaffarpur were located on the roadside, 12 percent (13) were located alongside nallah, drain, or any other water bodies, 11 percent (12) were located along river bank or on river bed, and 6 percent (6) along the railway track. The informal settlements located alongside nallah/drain, river bank/river bed and railway track fall into non tenable category as per Bihar State Slum Policy.

Chart 5: Type of Physical Location of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Alongside nallah/drain/any other water body River bank/ river bed 12% 11%

Along the railway track Roadside 6% 71%

Locational characteristics of informal settlements in Muzaffarpur

The informal settlements in Muzaffarpur exhibited varied locational characteristics. Sixty two percent (65) (61.90%) were located within the city centre, 23 percent (24) were located in flood

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water logging prone areas either along the banks of Budi Gandak river or in low lying areas and remaining 15 percent (16) informal settlements were located alongside city boundary of the city.

Chart 6: Locational Characteristics of Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Flood/ water logging prone area 23%

Within the city centre 62%

Alongside city boundary/ fringe area of the city 15%

Type of structures for majority of houses in informal settlements of Muzaffarpur

Housing is one of the most critical issues among the residents of informal settlements. Only in 8 percent (8) informal settlements majority of the houses were pucca, in 21 percent (22) informal settlements, majority of the houses were kutcha and in 71 percent (75) informal settlements majority of the houses were semi-pucca.

Chart 7: Type of Structures for Majority of Houses in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur

Pucca 8%

Kutcha 21% Semi-pucca 71%

Roads in informal settlements of Muzaffarpur

The informal settlements in Muzaffarpur by and large have had access to motorable pucca roads. Seventy one percent (74) informal settlements can be approached through pucca motorable roads. Ten percent (11) informal settlements had non-motorable pucca roads. These roads were too

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narrow to accommodate vehicular traffic and only suitable for two wheelers. Eight percent (8) informal settlements had motorable kutcha approach roads and 11 percent (12) informal settlements had non-motorable kutcha approach roads.

Chart 8: Approach Road to the Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

Non-motorable (Kutcha) Motorable (Kutcha) 11% 8%

Motorable (Pucca) Non-motorable (Pucca) 71% 10%

The internal roads in 65 percent (68) informal settlements were pucca and 35 percent (37) informal settlements were kutcha. However, even in majority of informal settlements where pucca internal roads existed most would require maintenance.

Chart 9: Type of Internal Roads in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur

Pucca 65%

Kutcha 35%

Distance from the nearest motorable road in informal settlements of Muzaffarpur

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Chart 10: Distance from the Nearest Motorable Road for Informal Settlements in Muzaffarpur

1-2 Km > 500 Mts.-1 Km 2% 2%

< 500 Mts. 96%

Ninety six percent (101) informal settlements were located with 500 meters from the nearest motorable roads. Two percent (2) informal settlements were located at a distance between 500 metres to 1 kilometre and two percent (2) at a distance between 1-2 kilometres Overall, the residents of informal settlements in Muzaffarpur have had access to motorable roads near to their habitations which had enhanced their mobility in and around the city.

Presence of public institutions in the informal settlements of Muzaffarpur

Presence of public service delivery institutions such as anganwadi, primary and secondary schools, PDS shops and public health centre in any settlement reflects the accessibility of these services and quality of life of the urban poor in the city.

In 90 percent (94) informal settlements Anganwadi Centres were present. During discussion some residents shared that due to lesser number of children in the specified age group some of the informal settlements had common Anganwadi centre. Seventy seven percent (81) informal settlements have had access to primary schools within or near the settlements which had been catering the educational needs for 6-10 years children. However, only 12 percent (13) informal settlements have had secondary or higher secondary schools. Many residents informed that they were unable to send their children to secondary school due to distance. Thirteen percent (14) informal settlement had primary health centres from where they could access health services. The residents in other informal settlements were primarily dependent on private health institution and health service providers. Eighty four percent (88) informal settlement had access to Public Distribution System (PDS). However, discussion with the residents revealed that there were several issues regarding timings of PDS shops, quality and frequency of supplies.

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Chart 11: Presence of Public Institutions in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur

100 90% 90 84% 80 77%

70

60

50

40

30

20 12% 13% 10

0 Anganwadi Primary School Secondary/Higher Public Health Centre Public Distribution Secondary School System (Ration Shop)

Chart 12: Presence of CBOs in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur

No 27%

Yes 73%

Source: SPUR, Muzaffarpur

Seventy three percent (77) informal settlements had the presence of SVS (Samajik Vikas Samiti). The SVSs were formed by SPUR Muzaffarpur project as community based organisations of the urban poor. These were formed to collectivise the community and to plan and implement settlement level development activities (such as construction of toiles, installation of hand pumps, etc.). However, discussion with the community members and ward councillors revealed that several issues have had adversely impacted the functioning of these SVSs. Issues such as practice of nepotism and favouritism in formation of SVSs, irregular meetings, embezzlement of funds, etc. plagued the effective functioning of SVSs.

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Chart 13: Presence of NGO Projects in the Informal Settlements of Muzaffarpur

No 59%

Yes 41%

Only a handful of NGOs had been working in Muzaffarpur city. However, based on the discussion with community members, it appeared that in 41 percent (43) informal settlements some NGO activities were present.

Challenges and Lessons Learned

 PRIA team started interacting and knowing about the efforts of existing community leaders. There were many doubts and questions among the community members. The team had to take great efforts in answering all the questions and clarifying all the doubts. At the same time the team had to make sure that no false promises are given to the community and be clear about facilitation role in organising the communities.

 Most communities expected from PRIA as an NGO to provide some services or deliver the government schemes. It took a long time for PRIA team to inform and educate the communities about the project approach which intends to build capacities and organisations of the urban poor.

 There were also negative perceptions about the work of NGOs and the accessibility to government programmes and schemes. Many community members complained that in the past, some NGOs have organised meetings, made plans, and gave commitments. However, they never turned up, which resulted in a breach of trust between community members and outsiders. Building trust with communities was important task before starting community mobilisation.

 This initial phase of interaction has been followed by regular interactions with the community leaders. These regular interactions and listening to the problems and concerns and answering questions have been helpful for the team in establishing a good relationship with community

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leaders and communities. One of the processes followed during this initial phase is inviting the identified leaders to the PRIA office and showing around the office. During this visit, the team gave lot of examples and success stories from other states. The continuous interactions on the issues of informal settlement have been helpful in raising critical consciousness of both the team and these leaders. Another issue that the team felt important was clearly communicating that we were not from government department and there will not be any financial transactions between the community and PRIA.

 The urban poor residing in these informal settlements were mostly wage earner and it was difficult to organise any meeting or discussion. However, many community members were comfortable and available for meetings on Sundays. The team rescheduled timings of meetings according to the availability of the communities.

 Visiting the informal settlement on a regular basis and seeking help from these leaders for information, taking transect walk through the informal settlement and analysing the problems during these interactions. These efforts were made over a week before organising first meeting with the community. In the first meeting, we made it a point to give an opportunity to these leaders to address the gathering and validate the points or issues raised by these leaders. These processes helped the team in successfully identifying and building a pool of community leaders in each of settlement with whom we could work in the coming years.

 The process of Identifying and locating notified and non-notified informal settlements has been a challenge as the city is expanding in all directions. The list of notified informal settlement has not been reviewed and updated since a long time and hence some of the notified informal settlements have been transformed into well built up areas since then.

 Most of the residents were unaware about the ownership of land on which informal settlements existed. Many settlements were located on the lands owned by the Forest Department. In the absence of required inter-departmental coordination, entitlement to lands by the informal settlement dwellers has remained unresolved for a long time. It would require enabling laws and policies.

 Many informal settlements were located on the hilly terrain and difficult to access in the absence of proper road. This has also been one of the reasons why city authorities find it difficult to provide certain services like piped water supply.

 Initially, it was also difficult to access and gather information from the Municipal Corporation officials and elected councillors. However, with persistent efforts, the officials and councillors got convinced about the project objectives and started cooperating.

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Annex.1 Format for Listing of Informal Settlements

Name: Address/Location: GPS location Latitude- coordinates Longitude-

Date of taking GPS ---/----/---- location

Number of Households in the slum Names of Mohallas in 1. 4. the slum 2. 5. (if applicable) 3. 6. Municipal Ward(s) Name of ward: Ward Number:

Enter details of all wards if slum is stretched into more than one ward) Landmark (for locating it on base map) Status of slum A- Notified (tick one only) B- Non notified C- Resettled Land ownership status A- Railway G- Ownership Unknown (tick one only) B- Airport Authority H- Any other, specify C- Defense D- Municipality E- Private F- State Government with name(s) of Department Type of Area A- Residential surrounding the slum B- Industrial C- Commercial D- Other slums E- Other Physical location of A- Alongside Nallah/ drain/ any other water body Characteristics of slum the slum B- Along railway track A- Within city centre C- River bank/ river bed B- Alongside boundary/fringe area of city D- Hilly terrian/ slope C- In the vicinity/ under HTV power line E- Open space/ park D- Flood prone area F- Forest E- Water logging during rainy season G- Along side land fill site/ garbage dump H- Roadside (Tick as many as applicable) Type of structure of A- Pucca majority of houses in B- Semi Pucca the slum C- Katcha D- No structure Approach road to slum A- Motorable (Pucca) B- Motrable (Kutcha) C- Non Motorable (Pucca) D- Non Motorable (Kutcha) Distance from A- less than 500 mts motroable road B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms Anganwadi centre A- Anganwadi Centre If Yes, Distance from Slum (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms B- Primary school If Yes, Distance from Slum (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms School Facilities D- More than 2 Kms C- Middle school If Yes, Distance from Slum (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km

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C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms D- High school If Yes, Distance from Slum (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms Health facilities E- Primary Health Centre If Yes, Distance from Slum (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms F- Own toilet facilities at home A- Yes for all Households B- For few Households only C- Not available G- Community toilet If Yes, Distance from Slum Toilet Facilities (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms Drinking water A- Piped Water Supply In case piped water tap is outside the TapWater (Standpost) slum area. Distance from Slum: (Yes /No) A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms B- Handpump In case handpump is outside the slum (Yes /No) area. Distance from Slum: A- less than 500 mts B- 500 mts- 1 km C- 1- 2 Kms D- More than 2 Kms Drainage Drainage System If No, method used for waste water (Yes /No) disposal Garbage Collection Garbage collection If Yes, by whom (Yes /No) A- Municipality B- Private contractor

Frequency of garbage collection A- Daily B- Weekly C- Every 15 days D- No regularity Whether the slum has A- Yes benefitted from B- No JnNURM/ RAY/any other slum improvement scheme? Is there a presence of C- Yes Slum dwellers D- No association/ community based If yes, please specify- group (s) in the slum Name of Group: Name of leader: (If more than one Contact details: group provide details of each group) Contact details of Name: Name : community members

Address: Address:

Contact number: Contact number:

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Annex. 2 List of informal Settlements

Ward No. Sl. No. Name of the Informal Settlement 1 1 Paswan Tola 2 2 Brahampura Jhitkaiyan, Dusadh Toli 2 3 Rahul Nagar 2 4 Brahampura Dalit Basti 2 5 Muslim Toli, Brahampura 3 6 Turha-Kahar Toli 4 7 Kila Bandh 4 8 Brahampura Kahar Toli 4 9 Brahampura Nunfar 5 10 Kasai Tola 5 11 Mestar Tola, Mal Godown 6 12 Near Sanjay Cinema, Dalit Basti 6 13 Gaffur Basti 6 14 Irani Mohalla 6 15 Darji Tola 6 16 Dalit Basti near Railway Quarter Brahampura 7 17 Govindpuri Muslim Basti 8 18 Kasai Tola-Maripur 8 19 Mallah Tola-Maripur 8 20 Bakshi Colony, Maripur 9 21 Parisadan Road 10 22 IB Muhalla 10 23 PWD Road No-2 11 24 Dalit Basti- Bank Road 11 25 Karbala Dhobi Ghat 11 26 Jogiya Matth Company bagh 11 27 Gandhi Nagar Gujarati Muhalla 12 28 Kila Bandh, Sikandarpur 13 29 Shamshan Ghat Dalit Basti 13 30 Sikandarpur Ambedkar Nagar 14 31 Akhada Ghat, New area Sikandarpur Bandh 15 32 Balughat Ashram Ghat 15 33 Gandhi Ashram Lakdidahi 15 34 Jheel Nagar,Karpuri Nagar 16 35 Lakadidhahi main Raod 16 36 East of Lakadidhahi Pul towards Bandh 16 37 Along the sluice gate of Balughat Bangh 16 38 Kamara Muhalla 18 39 Immamganj 19 40 Nunfar Basti 20 41 Mestar Toli 21 42 Jumma Masjid Chauk 22 43 bharat mata lane,nunfar basti 23 44 kurmi tolla,behind tilak maidan. 23 45 Bum police gali 24 46 Dom toli,shyamnandan road,thana gumti.

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24 47 Kalyanibara,mester toil 24 48 Mester toli,basanti lane 25 49 Pankha toli dalit basti 25 50 Satsang gali,aamgola 25 51 Faqir tolla 26 52 Dalit basti 27 53 Dalit basti,nearmasjid rasalpur 27 54 Majhauliya road,near gumti no-5 28 55 Damu chak,harijan basti 28 56 Shailesh sthan,khabra road 28 57 Speaker chowk,muslim basti 28 58 Mai sthan ,thakur nageshwar lane 29 59 Dhuniya toli,near central school 29 60 Dalit tolla,(near home for homeless)chamrupur 31 61 Paswan Tola 30 62 Aghoriya bazarharizan basti,gannypur hajipur road. 31 63 Atardah 32 64 Sadpura pokhriapir 33 65 Neem Chauk, Saidpura, Durga Sthan 33 66 Dhanukar Tola 33 67 Baswari Tola 33 68 Kasai Tola/Dalit Basti, Sadpura 35 69 Turha Toli 36 70 Paswan Tola/Tatma Tola 37 71 Chapman School Road Basti 37 72 Society Road, Mai Sthan 39 73 BB Jaan Lane 39 74 Near Maharaji Pokhar 39 75 Nunfar Tola 39 76 Bahalkhana Road, Ambedkar Nagar 40 77 Muslim Club 40 78 Chaturbhuj Sthan 39 79 Bhawani Singh Market 41 80 Muslim Toli, Kanhauli Dih 41 81 Dhobi Tola 41 82 Paswan Tola 42 83 Mai Sthan, Malighat, Nakaroad 42 84 Bharat Mata Chauk, Mai Stan 43 85 Bindeshwari Compund 43 86 Hajam Toli, Azad Road 44 87 Mokary Mester Tola 44 88 Nawab Road near Fire Brigade 44 89 Hazam Tola, Darzi Tola 45 90 Chanwara Sodda Godawn 45 91 Dusadh Toli, Amrit Bazar, Chandwara 45 92 Chandwara Panikal Road/Dhobi -Dom Basti 45 93 Lakadi Dhahi/Anand Bagh Colony-Mester-Dusadh Toli 46 94 Ram Bagh Chauri, Near Madarsa,Hazi Khuda Baksh Colony 46 95 Aam Gachhi, Ram Bagh (Hazi Khuda Baksh Colony) 46 96 Ram Bagh Chauri, Near Nahar

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47 97 Nunia Patti Gandhi Nagar 47 98 Ram Janki Mandir, New Police Line 47 99 Patel Nagar, Khadi Bhandar 48 100 Kanhauli Math 48 101 Behind Kanhauli Math 48 102 Durga Sthan (Infront of Chandra Shekhar Bhawan) 48 103 Bangali Tola, Refugee tola 49 104 Bela Chhapra 49 105 Sant Ravidas Nagar

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About PRIA

Established in 1982, PRIA (Participatory Research in Asia) is a global centre for participatory research and training based in New Delhi, India. Currently, PRIA has field offices in several states of India and partnerships with 3000 NGOs across the global North and South to deliver its programmes on the ground. Over 36 years, PRIA has promoted ‘participation as empowerment’, capacity building of community organisations, and people’s participation in governance. Initiatives are undertaken in the overall perspective of ‘making democracy work for all’ – in the political system; democratic culture in families, communities, and society; and participatory democracy with active citizenship. PRIA’s programmes on the ground focus on promotion of participation of the poor, especially women and youth, to claim rights and basic services.

Through building knowledge, raising voice and making democracy work for all, PRIA realises its vision – of a world based on values of equity, justice, freedom, peace and solidarity.

About Engaged Citizens, Responsive City (ECRC)

Engaged Citizens Responsive City is a four-year long intervention supported by the European Union which focuses on strengthening civil society of the urban poor to participate in planning and monitoring of sanitation services. The project works across three cities in India (Ajmer in Rajasthan, Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh, and Muzaffarpur in Bihar). It primarily engages the urban poor through capacity building activities to enable them to become active citizens, and to use the new skills learnt to participate in planning (at city level) and monitoring (at the ward level) of sanitation services. Partners in this change include urban poor and middle-class residents, with leadership of young women and men; mayors, elected councillors and related government departments; traders and market associations; civil society, academia and media; and women sanitation workers.

To know more about the programme, please visit here.

ECRC project is funded by ECRC project is the European Union implemented by PRIA

For more information contact

PRIA 42, Tughlakabad Institutional Area New Delhi- 110062 Ph: +91-11-29960931/32/33

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