The Crafoord Prize 1982–2019
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AAS NEWSLETTER Issue 127 a Publication for the Members of the American Astronomical Society
October 2005 AAS NEWSLETTER Issue 127 A Publication for the members of the American Astronomical Society PRESIDENT’S COLUMN know that Henrietta Swan Leavitt measured the Cepheid variable stars in the Magellanic Clouds Robert Kirshner, [email protected] to establish the period-luminosity relation, and that Inside this rung on the distance ladder let Hubble reach As I write this, summer is definitely winding down, M31 and other nearby galaxies. And I recognized George Johnson’s name from his thoughtful pieces 3 and the signs of Fall on a college campus are all in the New York Times science pages. Who Served Us Well: around: urgent overtime work on the last licks of John N. Bahcall summer renovations is underway, vast piles of trash and treasure from cleaning out dorm rooms are But I confess, though I walk on the streets where accumulating, with vigorous competitive double- she lived, work in a building connected by a 5 parking of heavily-laden minivans just ahead. With labyrinth to the one she worked in, and stand on Katrina Affected the Galaxy overhead most of the night, and the the distance ladder every day, my cerebral cortex Physics and summer monsoon in progress in Arizona, the pace is a little short on retrievable biographical details Astronomy (KAPA) of supernova studies slackens just a bit (for me, for Henrietta Swan Leavitt. Johnson has plumbed Community Bulletin anyway) and I had time to do a little summer reading. the Harvard archives, local census records, and the correspondence of Harvard College Board There were too many mosquitoes in Maine to read in a hammock, but there was enough light on the Observatory Directors to give us a portrait of screened porch. -
President's Column
AAAS Publication for the members N of the Americanewsletter Astronomical Society September/October 2010, Issue 154 CONTENTS President's Column Debra Meloy Elmegreen, [email protected] 2 Congratulations to all of us in the astronomical community on the completion of the Decadal From the Survey! Two years after the National Research Council organized the Astro2010 Committee to begin its arduous process, the report “New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics” Executive Office is complete. In fact, as I write this article the public roll-out is underway at the Keck Center of the National Academies in Washington, DC. This was truly a community effort, and we should all be proud of it and feel ownership of it. The federal funding agencies and Congress widely view the 3 astronomy decadal process as a model for other disciplines to emulate, and it is extremely important for us to embrace it. Editor, The Astrophysical We are embarking on a period of unprecedented opportunities for astronomical research, thanks to great advances in technology, theory, and observations, and the report presents an exciting Journal Letters and balanced set of science-driven priorities within the framework of realistic budget scenarios. The Astro2010 committee comprised 23 astronomers, selected by the National Academies based on community solicitation of suggested names, who were assisted by panels on different science 4 disciplines, space- and ground-based activities, and study groups on the astronomical infrastructure; these subcommittees had a membership of nearly 200 astronomers from the US astronomical Journals Update community. The Survey report and the panel reports are the culmination of a careful and deliberate consideration of science goals, projects and missions and on the whole astronomical enterprise, based in part on the distillation of over 450 community-submitted white papers, over 100 proposals for 6 research activities, briefings from federal agencies, and 17 Town Halls, along with other federal and international reports. -
Science & ROGER PENROSE
Science & ROGER PENROSE Live Webinar - hosted by the Center for Consciousness Studies August 3 – 6, 2021 9:00 am – 12:30 pm (MST-Arizona) each day 4 Online Live Sessions DAY 1 Tuesday August 3, 2021 9:00 am to 12:30 pm MST-Arizona Overview / Black Holes SIR ROGER PENROSE (Nobel Laureate) Oxford University, UK Tuesday August 3, 2021 9:00 am – 10:30 am MST-Arizona Roger Penrose was born, August 8, 1931 in Colchester Essex UK. He earned a 1st class mathematics degree at University College London; a PhD at Cambridge UK, and became assistant lecturer, Bedford College London, Research Fellow St John’s College, Cambridge (now Honorary Fellow), a post-doc at King’s College London, NATO Fellow at Princeton, Syracuse, and Cornell Universities, USA. He also served a 1-year appointment at University of Texas, became a Reader then full Professor at Birkbeck College, London, and Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics, Oxford University (during which he served several 1/2-year periods as Mathematics Professor at Rice University, Houston, Texas). He is now Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor, Fellow, Wadham College, Oxford (now Emeritus Fellow). He has received many awards and honorary degrees, including knighthood, Fellow of the Royal Society and of the US National Academy of Sciences, the De Morgan Medal of London Mathematical Society, the Copley Medal of the Royal Society, the Wolf Prize in mathematics (shared with Stephen Hawking), the Pomeranchuk Prize (Moscow), and one half of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics, the other half shared by Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez. -
Professor Roger Blandford Stanford University, USA
2020 Jacques Solvay International Chair in Physics Professor Roger Blandford Stanford University, USA 5 ONLINE LECTURES VIA ZOOM Thursday 11 March 2021 at 5:30 PM Black Holes: Nature or Nurture?: The Role of Rotation in Powering Cosmic Sources Black holes power many of the most powerful sources in the universe through releasing the gravitational energy of accreting gas and by donating their rotational energy using electromagnetic feld. The interpre- tation of recent, remarkable images made by the Event Horizon Telescope of M87 will be discussed in the context of both modes. It will be proposed that the rotational mode dominates in sources like M87 so that the black hole spin drives away the accreting gas as a powerful hydromagnetic wind that collimates a pair of relativistic jets. Zoom Link: https://zoom.us/j/92256891111?pwd=NmROZHRBdStvbnUxR1BWb1A1ZlIydz09 Monday 15 March 2021 at 5:30 PM Cosmic Blowtorches: Relativistic Jets from Stars and Galaxies Powerful relativistic jets are made by black holes and neutron stars. They are prodigious emitters from the lowest radio frequencies to the highest energy gamma-rays. They may also create high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. They are remarkably persistent as they escape from collapsing stars, active galaxies and merging neutron stars. It will be argued that their collimation, resilience and emission is generically due to the tensile action of electromagnetic feld. Zoom Link: https://zoom.us/j/93200154324?pwd=R2xqOEpKNVYwbU5xU1Z5bm1WL3djdz09 www.solvayinstitutes.be à 2020 Jacques Solvay International Chair in Physics Friday 19 March 2021 at 4:00 PM Fast Radio Bursts: ElectroMagnetic Pulses from Cosmologically Distant Neutron Stars with Hundred GigaTesla Magnetic Field? For over a decade, radio astronomers have been observing millisecond pulses of intense radio emission. -
Meeting Program
A A S MEETING PROGRAM 211TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY WITH THE HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS DIVISION (HEAD) AND THE HISTORICAL ASTRONOMY DIVISION (HAD) 7-11 JANUARY 2008 AUSTIN, TX All scientific session will be held at the: Austin Convention Center COUNCIL .......................... 2 500 East Cesar Chavez St. Austin, TX 78701 EXHIBITS ........................... 4 FURTHER IN GRATITUDE INFORMATION ............... 6 AAS Paper Sorters SCHEDULE ....................... 7 Rachel Akeson, David Bartlett, Elizabeth Barton, SUNDAY ........................17 Joan Centrella, Jun Cui, Susana Deustua, Tapasi Ghosh, Jennifer Grier, Joe Hahn, Hugh Harris, MONDAY .......................21 Chryssa Kouveliotou, John Martin, Kevin Marvel, Kristen Menou, Brian Patten, Robert Quimby, Chris Springob, Joe Tenn, Dirk Terrell, Dave TUESDAY .......................25 Thompson, Liese van Zee, and Amy Winebarger WEDNESDAY ................77 We would like to thank the THURSDAY ................. 143 following sponsors: FRIDAY ......................... 203 Elsevier Northrop Grumman SATURDAY .................. 241 Lockheed Martin The TABASGO Foundation AUTHOR INDEX ........ 242 AAS COUNCIL J. Craig Wheeler Univ. of Texas President (6/2006-6/2008) John P. Huchra Harvard-Smithsonian, President-Elect CfA (6/2007-6/2008) Paul Vanden Bout NRAO Vice-President (6/2005-6/2008) Robert W. O’Connell Univ. of Virginia Vice-President (6/2006-6/2009) Lee W. Hartman Univ. of Michigan Vice-President (6/2007-6/2010) John Graham CIW Secretary (6/2004-6/2010) OFFICERS Hervey (Peter) STScI Treasurer Stockman (6/2005-6/2008) Timothy F. Slater Univ. of Arizona Education Officer (6/2006-6/2009) Mike A’Hearn Univ. of Maryland Pub. Board Chair (6/2005-6/2008) Kevin Marvel AAS Executive Officer (6/2006-Present) Gary J. Ferland Univ. of Kentucky (6/2007-6/2008) Suzanne Hawley Univ. -
Magnetocentrifugal Launching of Jets from Accretion Disks. I. Cold
THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 526:631È642, 1999 December 1 ( 1999. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. MAGNETOCENTRIFUGAL LAUNCHING OF JETS FROM ACCRETION DISKS. I. COLD AXISYMMETRIC FLOWS RUBEN KRASNOPOLSKY Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 130-33 Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125; ruben=tapir.caltech.edu ZHI-YUN LI Astronomy Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903; zl4h=protostar.astro.virginia.edu AND ROGER BLANDFORD Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 130-33 Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125; rdb=tapir.caltech.edu Received 1999 February 15; accepted 1999 July 19 ABSTRACT We present time-dependent, numerical simulations of the magnetocentrifugal model for jet formation, in an axisymmetric geometry, using a modiÐcation of the ZEUS3D code adapted to parallel computers. The gas is supposed cold with negligible thermal pressure throughout. The number of boundary condi- tions imposed on the disk surface is that necessary and sufficient to take into account information pro- pagating upstream from the fast andAlfve n critical surfaces, avoiding overdetermination of the Ñow and unphysical e†ects, such as numerical ““ boundary layers ÏÏ that otherwise isolate the disk from the Ñow and produce impulsive accelerations. It is known that open magnetic Ðeld lines can either trap or propel the gas, depending upon the incli- nation angle, h, of the poloidal Ðeld to the disk normal. This inclination is free to adjust, changing from trapping to propelling when h is larger thanhc D 30¡; however, the ejected mass Ñux is imposed in these simulations as a function of the radius alone. As there is a region, near the origin, where the inclination of Ðeld lines to the axis is too small to drive a centrifugal wind, we inject a thin, axial jet, expected to form electromagnetically near black holes in active galactic nuclei and Galactic superluminal sources. -
Celebrating Years of 60Science Welcome to the 60Th Anni- Versary Symposium of the Miller Institute
Celebrating Years of 60Science Welcome to the 60th Anni- versary Symposium of the Miller Institute. In an age of ever increasing special- ization, the Miller Institute stands apart as one of the very few enterprises to embrace all of Science as its purview. For 60 years the Miller Institute has provided generous sup- port to some of the lead- ing postdoctoral fellows in all fields of science, has supported extended visits from famous scientists from around the world, and has provided critical adminis- trative and teaching relief for Berkeley faculty at par- ticularly important points in their career. This grand tradition lives on, even in the face of ever-greater challenges, with a refresh- ing emphasis on clarity in cross-discipline communi- cation. We have assembled a panel of eight luminaries drawn from past and pres- ent members of the Miller Institute each of whom leads their field with cre- ative research at the fron- tiers of human knowledge. So relax, enjoy, and be sure to ask that question that you always wanted to have answered. Jasper Rine, Professor of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chair, Miller Institute 60th 60th Anniversary Agenda Friday, January 15 – Sunday, January 17, 2016 Friday evening - Alumni House 5:00 - 7:00 Reception Saturday – Stanley Hall 8:00 - 8:45 Registration 8:45 - 9:00 Welcome 9:00 - 11:45 Maha Mahadevan: “On growth and form: geometry, physics and biology” Alice Guionnet: “About Universal Laws” Roger Bilham: “Earthquakes and Money: Frail Buildings, Philanthropic Engineers and a Few Corrupt Bad Guys -
Postmaster and the Merton Record 2019
Postmaster & The Merton Record 2019 Merton College Oxford OX1 4JD Telephone +44 (0)1865 276310 www.merton.ox.ac.uk Contents College News Edited by Timothy Foot (2011), Claire Spence-Parsons, Dr Duncan From the Acting Warden......................................................................4 Barker and Philippa Logan. JCR News .................................................................................................6 Front cover image MCR News ...............................................................................................8 St Alban’s Quad from the JCR, during the Merton Merton Sport ........................................................................................10 Society Garden Party 2019. Photograph by John Cairns. Hockey, Rugby, Tennis, Men’s Rowing, Women’s Rowing, Athletics, Cricket, Sports Overview, Blues & Haigh Awards Additional images (unless credited) 4: Ian Wallman Clubs & Societies ................................................................................22 8, 33: Valerian Chen (2016) Halsbury Society, History Society, Roger Bacon Society, 10, 13, 36, 37, 40, 86, 95, 116: John Cairns (www. Neave Society, Christian Union, Bodley Club, Mathematics Society, johncairns.co.uk) Tinbergen Society 12: Callum Schafer (Mansfield, 2017) 14, 15: Maria Salaru (St Antony’s, 2011) Interdisciplinary Groups ....................................................................32 16, 22, 23, 24, 80: Joseph Rhee (2018) Ockham Lectures, History of the Book Group 28, 32, 99, 103, 104, 108, 109: Timothy Foot -
Eowilson CV 25 Aprili 2018
Curriculum Vitae Edward Osborne Wilson BORN: Birmingham, Alabama, June 10, 1929; parents: Inez Linnette Freeman and Edward Osborne Wilson, Sr. (deceased). Married: Irene Kelley, 1955. One daughter: Catherine, born 1963. EDUCATION: Graduated Decatur Senior High School, Decatur, Alabama, 1946 B.S. (biol.), University of Alabama, 1949 M.S. (biol.), University of Alabama, 1950 Ph.D. (biol.), Harvard University, 1955 POSITIONS: Alabama Department of Conservation: Entomologist, 1949 National Science Board Taskforce on Biodiversity, 1987–89 Harvard University: Junior Fellow, Society of Fellows, 1953– Xerces Society: President, 1989–90 56; Assistant Professor of Biology, 1956–58; Associate The Nature Conservancy, Board of Directors, 1993–1998 Professor of Zoology, 1958–64; Professor of Zoology, 1964– American Academy for Liberal Education: Founding Director, 1976; Curator in Entomology, Museum of Comparative 1992–2004 Zoology, 1973–97; Honorary Curator in Entomology, New York Botanical Garden: Board of Directors, 1992–95; Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1997–; Frank B. Baird Jr. Honorary Manager of the Board of Directors, 1995– Professor of Science, 1976–1994; Mellon Professor of the American Museum of Natural History: Board of Directors, Sciences, 1990–1993; Pellegrino University Professor, 1994– 1993–2002; Lifetime Honorary Trustee, 2002– June 1997; Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus, July Conservation International, Board of Directors, 1997– 1997–December 1997; Pellegrino University Research Scientific Committee of the Ministry of the -
An International Team of Astronomers Has Produced the First Ever Image of a Black Hole
BREAKTHROUGH NEWS 2019 of the YEAR EMBARGOED UNTIL 2:00PM US ET, THURSDAY 19 DECEMBER 2019 An international team of astronomers has produced the first ever image of a black hole By Daniel Clery 3 PEOPLE’S CHOICE assive, ubiquitous, and in some For astronomers, the image is a validation cases as big as our Solar Sys- of decades of work theorizing about esoteric tem, black holes hide in plain objects they couldn’t see. “I’m still kind of sight. The effect of their gravity stunned,” says astrophysicist Roger Blandford on objects around them and, of Stanford University in Palo Alto, Califor- lately, the gravitational waves nia. “I don’t think any of us imagined the emitted when they collide re- iconic image that was produced.” In fact, un- veal their presence. But no one til recently few astronomers imagined such had ever seen one directly—un- an image was even possible. Black holes are til April. That’s when an international team very small by cosmic standards and by defi- Mof radio astronomers released a startling nition emit no light. When they grow to gar- close-up image of a black hole’s “shadow,” gantuan masses, as happens in the centers of showing a dark heart surrounded by a ring galaxies, the swirling mayhem of gas, dust, of light created by photons zipping around and stars stirred up by their extreme gravity it. Heino Falcke of Radboud University in creates an additional barrier. Nijmegen, the Netherlands, a member of But 2 decades ago, a handful of astrono- the team that produced the image, said the mers began to wonder whether the hot first glimpse felt like “looking at the gates of swirling gases close to a giant black hole’s hell.” That evocative image is Science’s 2019 The iconic image of galaxy Messier 87’s central black edge, or event horizon, might make it visible. -
Awards of ICCM 2013 by the Editors
Awards of ICCM 2013 by the Editors academies of France, Sweden and the United States. He is a recipient of the Fields Medal (1986), the Crafoord Prize Morningside Medal of Mathematics in Mathematics (1994), the King Faisal International Prize Selection Committee for Science (2006), and the Shaw Prize in Mathematical The Morningside Medal of Mathematics Selection Sciences (2009). Committee comprises a panel of world renowned mathematicians and is chaired by Professor Shing-Tung Björn Engquist Yau. A nomination committee of around 50 mathemati- Professor Engquist is the Computational and Applied cians from around the world nominates candidates based Mathematics Chair Professor at the University of Texas at on their research, qualifications, and curriculum vitae. Austin. His recent work includes homogenization theory, The Selection Committee reviews these nominations and multi-scale methods, and fast algorithms for wave recommends up to two recipients for the Morningside propagation. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Gold Medal of Mathematics, up to two recipients for the Morningside Gold Medal of Applied Mathematics, and up to four recipients for the Morningside Silver Medal of Mathematics. The Selection Committee members, with the exception of the committee chair, are all non-Chinese to ensure the independence, impartiality and integrity of the awards decision. Members of the 2013 Morningside Medal of Mathe- matics Selection Committee are: Richard E. Borcherds Professor Borcherds is Professor of Mathematics at the University of California at Berkeley. His research in- terests include Lie algebras, vertex algebras, and auto- morphic forms. He is best known for his work connecting the theory of finite groups with other areas in mathe- matics. -
THE WM KECK FOUNDATION 2006 Annual Report
THE W. M. KECK FOUNDATION 2006 ANNUAL REPORT promising directions NEWeyes THE W. M. KECK FOUNDATION 2006 ANNUAL REPORT CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE For more than ten years, astronomers have been peering deeper into the universe using the twin telescopes at the W.M. Keck Observatory atop Hawaii’s Mauna Kea. At the same time those giant eyes are probing the vast frontiers of space, other Keck ION T grant recipients across the country are using precision instrumentation to make F O U N DA fundamental advances at nanometer dimensions. By supporting innovative basic K science and engineering through the development of new tools, the W.M. Keck THE W. M. KEC Foundation is helping scientists gain insight into our world at the subatomic, | 2 human and cosmic scales. P a g e While these tools, including the extraordinary Keck telescopes, are critically important for the advancement of science, we know that vision and discovery require more. What is also needed are ways for data captured by each lens – at any scale – to be examined, interpreted, shared and utilized by innovative minds across the full range of scientific disciplines. Because our objective is to stay at the forefront of innovative research funding, in the spring of 2006 the Foundation hosted two symposia where a diverse group of senior and junior scientists pooled their collective brilliance to discuss and debate bold new directions in scientific innovation. These insightful people confirmed our belief that innovation is not just about data. It’s about ideas. The 2006 symposia were modeled after a similar event we held in 1999, at which expert groups identified major future scientific challenges and opportunities in data management and analysis, genomics, nanotechnology and complexity.