1

me . L Carl . a s etters of Schurz , B Gratz Brown , J S Rollins ,

. . et dl . G G Vest , Missourians , from the Private Papers and Correspondence of Senator James Rood p oolit t le of 1 .

Contributed by Duane Mowry , of Milwaukee , Wis .

The c opies of documents here with s ubmitted for publication i n The M iss ouri His to rical Review b es ides havin g local i n terest an d s i g i s i n canc e are r o s to . i n r n fi , eally f hi rical value They deal , eve al s t n s at s t t t n t r s o t n n an d a ce , lea , wi h impor a p oblem , p li ical , fi a cial , n e r o h r tt s a n d t s o eco omic . S ve al f t e Carl Schu z le er ho e f J udge

Doolittle an d Sen ator $ e st cer tain ly come u n der thes e headi n g s .

s s t t o the Hon . B Grate Br n . So al o doe ha f . ow I t i s tr ue that t he Schurz letters were written before their auth or t n r tt n d s . u t t a e s o t a became a ci ize of S t . L oui B hey le er f poli ical s t nt s t an di n the o n n o the n t t r i t i s n nt hi orical i ere , pi io f co ribu o , emi e ly ’ tt t r s fi i n g hat they fin d a place i n the his torical c ollection s of M r . Schu z t t t adop ed s a e . No attempt has b een made to co nn ec t the letters with certain even ts to at be an n t r which they u n doub tedly s pecifically r efer . Th would i e t n t t n t o t he s t an d t he t c a n es i g his orical e xer cis e . S ude s f ub$ec ime s t t i s n t i n the tt s i n s o t at ea ily verify much ha i dica ed le er , or ome f hem t all even s . — Duan e M owry .

l m s n s n n n Ja e was n i n . Y Rood Doolittle bor Hampto , Wa hi gto cou ty , N

J an . 3 1 8 1 5 an d n R I l 27 1 897 . r n s , , died at Provide ce , . Ju y , , Du i g the la t n n n n was ubhc and n n half of the i etee th ce tury . Mr . Doolittle a p atio al character n n l E n s n now of o ordi ary abi ity or worth . xcepti g four year at Ge eva ( Hobart) C i n 1 834 an d s n s and ollege , where he graduated , a few year . whe he tudied Y n i n s s in n n . . practiced law at Roche ter , he re ided Wyomi g cou ty , N , u til 1 85 1 n $ i s . he removed to Raci e , .

1

L . . etters of Carl Schurz , B Gratz Brown , James S Rollins ,

l . . et a G . G Vest , Missourians , from the Private Papers and Correspondence of Senator James Rood Doolittle of l Wisconsin .

Contributed by Duane Mowry , of Milwaukee , Wis .

The copies of documen ts herewith s ubmitted for publication i n The M iss ouri His to rical Review bes ide s havin g local in teres t an d s i g n i n e r t ca c a e r o s o c . i n s r i n fi , eally f hi ri al value They deal , eve al s t n s dl s t t t n t s t c n n an d a ce , lea , wi h impor a problem , poli i al , fi a cial , n o h tt s an d t s eco omic . Several f t e Carl Schurz le er ho e of J udge

Doolittle an d Sen ator $ es t certain ly come u n der thes e headin gs . h s o s t o t e Hon . B G t B n . So al o d e tha f . ra z row I t i s true that the Schurz letters were written before their author r tt n d s . ut t a e s o t a became a citizen of S t . L oui B hey le er f poli ical s t n t s a n di n the n n o the c n t t i t i s n n t hi orical i ere t, opi io f o ribu or , emi e ly ’ tt n t t s fi i g hat hey fin d a place i n the hi s torical collection s of M r . Schurz t t t adop ed s a e . No attempt has bee n made to con n ect the letters with certain ev en ts t o at be an n te which they u n dou btedly s pecifically refer . Th would i r s n s t x t nts o the s c t a n d the t c a n e ti g hi orical e erci s e . S ude f ub$e ime s t t i s n t i n the tt s or i n s o t at ea ily verify much ha i dica ed le er , ome f hem n t all eve s . — D n M ua e owry .

1 s i n Y w s n i n n s n n . Jame Rood Doolittle a bor Hampto , Wa h gto cou ty , N

J n . 3 1 8 1 5 an d n 27 1 897 . u n s a R . I , , died at Provide ce , July , , D ri g the la t n n n n r i was ubhc and n n t half of the i etee th ce tu y , Mr . Dool ttle a p atio al charac er n o n n s n now of ordi ary ability or worth . Excepti g four year at Ge eva ( Hobart) C l $ i n 1 4 n d s n s and ol ege , here he graduated 83 , a a few year , whe he tudied Y n i n s s i n n n . . practiced law at Roche ter , he re ided Wyomi g cou ty . N , u til 1 85 1 n i $ s . . he removed to Raci e , MISSOURI HISTORICAL RE$ IEW .

In 1 853 was s i s ns n he made judge of the fir t judicial circu t of Wi co i , but s n in 1 856 $ n s n i n n as re ig ed to become ited State Se ator , hav g bee elected a d - n in a i n n s on s s n emocrat republica the pl ce of that em e t of Mi ouri , He ry Dodge . s s n s 7 He erved Wi co in in the $ n ited States Senate from 1 85 to 1 869 . While in Con gres s he was a member an d chai rman of s everal importan t commi ttees and was hi s s s n n man In 1 1 regarded by colleague a a exceptio ally able . 86 he was a n n n O s i s member of the peace co ve tio , but ppo ed all comprom e with the South . In 1 6 s s n n n n n n t 8 6 he wa pre ide t of the n atio al un io co ve tio a Philadelphia .

t . s n n$ n as ni n s and in n was one He exer ed a tro g i ue ce a u o i t , the Se ate of the s s on and ns n s s s n n foremo t debater war reco tructio mea ure , upporti g the admi

i s t rat i on . n s s i t s own n n afi ai rs Believi g that each tate hould regulate i ter al , Hi s s n on s he oppos ed and voted again s t the fifteen th amen dmen t . po itio uch s ns hi m in s n r wn li n s an d que tio placed clo e relatio with Schu z , Bro , Rol , other mi n n n i n 1 9 ss u ns n n n . A 86 Mi o ria of atio al pro e ce fter leavi g the Se ate , he i i n n an and s was s s i n L aw pract ced law Raci e d , for year profe or the C $ n s s i t s n n and one i t s School of hicago iver ity a tru tee from fou datio , for year s n In 1 872 si n n de moc r c t i c n n n pre ide t . he pre ded over the atio al a co ve tio at n n s n , that omi ated for the pre ide cy .

In 1 856 . r s , Mr Doolittle withd ew from the democratic party becau e of hi s s n n - s s nd s n n e w i n tro g a ti lavery view , a upported the ca didate of the republ ca i s n n n n C . $ n . H s t party , Joh remo t great oratorical abili y oo made him a atio al w in 1 860 on s . n e figure the political tump The victory of the party , placed n i n n s n w s hi s n Se ator Doolittle high the cou cil of the Natio . It a good fortu e to be very much i n the con fiden ce of Pres iden t Lin coln and later he als o had i n n n s P s n s n $ n n great faith the judgme t a d patrioti m of re ident Joh o . owi g ’ n n s n s n s n n hi s suc well Li col reco tructio policy , he tro gly champio ed that of s s Hi s n n n an d s s ce or . i depe de ce courage , however , co t him political pre tige at n ln in n ni n w s s home . Together with Li co he ma tai ed that colo zatio a the olu tion of the n egro problem . The high moral courage of Sen ator Doolittle mus t have appealed s trongly

s n s s as r n an d n s . n s to uch ki dred pirit Schu z , Brow Rolli The followi g letter , n s n s s H i s n all too few , reveal exceptio ally clo e frie d hip . retur to the democratic n o n e w n s i n s t s n n hi s was party gave him ho or , fact the greate di appoi tme t of life the refus al of Pres iden t Clevelan d to give him a foreign mis s ion in A us tria or s s H i s n wa s n and n n hi s n n s n Ru ia . ambitio ope k ow to all $ i tegrity , u que tio ed $ l M i and hi s li s . s s s s abi ty , of the highe t The e letter , while e pecial y valuable to s as s n s in s s s s as s s on ouri repre e tative of their di t gui hed author , al o erve idelight ’ the character of one of Wis con sin s great s tates man .

E DI T O R .

’ l i I$ 4 s m. B o . . 1 4 . Co . Y 1 893 . Nat l . C c o. o A ( y f g , , Jame T White N

A n A eci ati on o J ames Rood Dooli ttle i n P oceedi n s $ i s . s Mowry , ppr f , r g , Hi t - . 28 1 296 Soc . , pp , 3 LETTERS .

FROM CARL SCH$ R$ . Confidential

I L $ $ Au . 1 8 M AU EE , g th , My dear sir The congressional documents you had the kindness to send me , are received , and I thank you for having remembered — me . A mutual friend of ours has communicated to me your views on our next state campaign , as you expressed them in a letter addressed to him . I hope you will not con sider this a breach of confidence . These are matters of com mon i nterest and there ought to be a full understanding among those who have to work side by side . I will avail myself of this opportunity t o state my position

e to you , fully and frankly . My name is before the p ople in connection with the governorship . The nomination and election to that office cannot improve my political standing $ it cannot benefit me financially $ I can have no ambition to — gratify in that way , and so I would stopped the thing at once , if I had looked upon the matter from a mere personal point of view , or if it had presented itself to my mind as a

- matter of mere state interest . But it seemed to me that , leaving aside all personal considerations , my nomination and election would have a vast in$ uence upon the national cam paign in 1 860. Wisconsin occupies a prominent and proud position in the phalanx of Republican States . We have raised the standard of consistent Republicanism , untarnished

- by $ now Nothingism , presenting a bold front to federal usurpation . Other states have committed grave blunders like Massachusetts , or faltered like Ohio $ we have stood firm .

= r was I t i s t o be obs erved t hat thi s letter was written when Mr . Schu z a s n ot n n n n n res ident of Wis con in . He had the reached the promi e ce of a atio al

s in i n ll s s n s . An d figur e . But he wa the political game the fu e t e e of the term he wan te d to impres s upon Sen ator Doolittle that the German vote in Wis con s in must be reckon ed with .

O ne thi n g that i s the s ubject of remark i s the s plendid diction of the letter . r not n n $ n s e At that time Mr . Schu z had bee a citize of the ited State for mor n s n s i n i n 1 852 $ n h was a tha eve year , com g from the atherla d from w ich he

in 1 4 M ownr . political refugee 8 9 . DUANE 4 MIS SOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

Against the first we have prot ested with words , against the

e . latt r with acts In this respect my nomination would , in the opinion of a great many true men in this and other states , be a bold and manly demonstration . It would nail our $ ag to the mast $ it would make Wisconsin the representa tive of true Republican consistency $ it would make our state the nucleus of the truly democratic element of the Republican party . Thus , I thought , with my name at the head of the ticket , we would fight here the first great skirmish of the battle 1 860 f of , and the result would have a considerable e fect on the tendency and spirit of the national convention . My election , (such was the opinion) would be worth to our pres i e n ial d t candidate more than votes , and I would go before the people of the U . S . in the campaign as an exponent of true Republicanism . I would put down the Massachusetts amendment by merely Showing myself , and our fight would — once more become an aggre s ive one This is the way I4 looked at this matter , and I must confess , nothing could have been more distasteful to me than to see the public papers

i l c alc n i e rat ions pick ng up little personal claims , small o o s d ufi and political quibbles , in order to p this candidate and dis parage the other . I cannot help taking comprehensive views of politics and I would never feel called upon to mix up with small local squabbles in order to decide petty personal contests . — If the Republicans of Wisconsin judge our next state - elec tion from this point of view , I shall stake my whole political existence on the result . If the contest is to be narrowed e xe c u down to the mere question , what man shall occupy the

Of tive fice and be dubbed governor for the next two years , my place is not in the ring . If I could have foreseen the petty discussions to which the bringing forward of my name has given rise , I would have declined four weeks ago . The matter was not put upon the ground where I wanted to have it . Meanwhile the thing ff has gone on , and the di iculties we have to confront become more perplexi ng every day . Before going farther let me say that in case of my nomination , I have no serious doubts as to the result of the election . After a careful survey of the 5 LETTERS .

8000 ground I find , that I could command at least German

votes outside of the Rep . party . That figure is not unlikely

400 . to run up to 9000 or 1 0000 . Of 0 I am perfectly sure

ot In so far , I think I would n jeopardize the chances of the $ $ — party for my political aspirations . Now let me say a few

words on the small business of the next campaign . I have none

but friendly feelings for Gov . Randall , but I must confess that of

all the candidates mentioned , I consider him the weakest . His nomination two years ago left the people perfectly cold $ hence the small vote and the partial defeat of the ticket . His administration was on the whole a good one $ but he has committed blunders enough to make a considerable number of

re - opponents inside of t he party . I think his nomination ’ 59 ' would leave the people just as cold as it did in , and while he then barely escaped defeat with no Republicans actively working against him , what will his fate be now , since a number of in$ uential members of the party have declared that they $ will openly bolt his nomination Besides this , he cannot get more than half of the German Republican vote in consequence of the appointments he made and several other things , and if I went to work from the day of his nomination to the day of

election , I could not give him two thirds of the German votes ’ he obtained in 59. If we did not stand just before a presiden tial campaign , and if Wisconsin did not occupy her proud

representative position , I might perhaps say , that a defeat

would be wholesome exercise for the Rep . party of this state — (they have to be whipped out of their wire - pulling pro f c livit ie s . ) But as things are we cannot a ford to jeopardize the success of the party for the claims and aspirations of an

individual . )

re - My belief that Gov . Randall cannot be elected , is so f strong, that I have o fered some of his friends to withdraw

my name from the contest provided he would withdraw his , thus sacrificing my plans of a brilliant political operation to

the safety of the party in the state election . This proposition e seems to have met with little favor . If I could have for seen dis c ount e the perplexities we have run into , I would have

nance d the first attempt to bring my name before the people . S 6 MIS OURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

’ - R. s re If I decline now , Gov . nomination is sure and defeat in

the election exceedingly probable . I do not want that . If my name is presented to the convention and I am beaten

there , it might seriously injure the chances of the candidate

nominated , and I do not like that . (The feeling among the the Germans is very strong and I shall hardly be able to con

trol it . ) Your suggestion that I should take some subordinate x nomination cannot consistently be carried out . My e pe a i k rie nc e is against it . To be sandwiched in t c e t and to fight a defensive battle for others is a thing which I cannot very

well afford to do . I do not like to make my chances depend ’ on other people s merits . If I should ever be a candidate again I am determined to run on my own strength and my n own respo sibility . I intend to do some work next year , and it would be very unwise to assume the risks of other people this fall . Besides this , if my election is to have any effect on the presidential campaign , none but the most conspicuous

$ r position will serve . o these and other reasons equally strong , I shall absolutely decline any subordinate nomination . But if we want to preserve even one - half of the German vote m in case of my defeat in the convention , it is absolutely eces sary that a German be on the ticket . Some demonstration must be made in that way . This thing is not an easy one to f manage . It will not only be di ficult to find a suitable man , but it will be still more difficult to find a suitable place for that ma — m unless the convention throw Hastings overboard , a pro c e e ding which would be neither just nor safe . How thes e and other difficulties are to be overcome I do not see yet .

They are perplexing now $ they may become fatal . The only way to adjust these matters will be to have an informal meet ing and a free consultation of the delegates before the convem tion proceeds to its regular business . There a full interchange of views may be had and the convention will not act blindly . I am very anxious to avoid all of these difficulties and this can be done only by coming to an understanding in time . I Should be very glad to see the Convention composed of the truest and most earnest Republicans of the state $ your presence there as LETTERS .

a delegate , my dear sir , would certainly do much to keep things in the right track . Your advice will have great weight with every member of the party , and the respect due to your person and position might prevent their discussions from becoming excited and violent . I Should have preferred to see these matters settled before i the primary meetings take place , so as to prevent the pack ng of the Convention , which always will have a bad moral effect . But there seems to be no way to do it . I tell you all this not in order to induce you to do this or that but merely in order to explain to you my motives and prevent misapprehensions from springing up between us . We may have to work side by side very often and it is better l that we s ou d understand each other . It is hardly necessary to add , that if the Convention should come to conclusions f dif erent from the views I have taken , I would , perhaps not without some regret , give up a place which promised to produce brilliant results , but I shall , without personal feeling , most cheerfully accept their decision and faithfully work for the success of our principles , however gloomy the prospects may be .

Yours sincerely ,

C $ . C . S HUR

H N. . O . J R DOOLITTLE ,

Racine .

FROM CARL SCH$ R$ .

7t h Milwaukee , Nov . ,

HON. . JAMES R DOOLITTLE ,

Racine . Dear Sir

I have just received your favor of Nov . 5t h. I return you my hearty thanks for your kind assistance in the matter of the Republican press . About a month ago I had to take up one of the notes and had to borrow the money to do it with. That paper is just now coming due and I was running about for

$ $ $ H s - was on . n C . l n The Hobart referred to the Harri o Hobart . a wel k own and i n n s ns in and s n prom e t Wi co Democrat of that time a re ide t of Milwaukee . M ow nx DUANE . R C 8 MISSOURI HISTO I AL REVIEW .

the purpose of raising money . Your check and the other

m a m n certificate of deposit saved me from a great e b ras s e t . b In a few days I shall go East . Whatever contri ution may be made for the purpose of sustaining our press , it will be well invested capital . Please communicate about this matter with f the o ficers of our Republican Club here . But , if possible , $ $ let something be done for the Volks $ eitung in Watertown .

We are in full fight here , and I may possibly have a

- debate with Hobart to night . I have just challenged him .

Yours sincerely ,

C $ . C . S HUR

FROM CARL SCH$ R$ .

s n J an . 1 2t h Bo to , ,

N. . HO . J R DOOLITTLE , My dear friend Yesterday I sent you a copy of the speech I delivered in

Springfie ld a few days ago . If the argument contained in the first part is followed up , you may place Douglas between two fires and oblige him to take either one or the other position with all its consequences . This will either entirely destroy him at the South or bring about a rupture with his Northern friends . I should be glad to have that speech published in one of the leading eastern papers . Perhaps the Washington $ $ $ $ Republic or the National Era would reprint it . I shall probably return to Wisconsin in two or three weeks . If possible , I shall pay you a short visit at Washing ton , if I do not find it too expensive . Tell me what you think of the speech (that is to say openly , unreservedly and without restraint) and , please ,

$ . . $ . direct your letter care of red app , Esq , It

$I i l s n s s n th s letter there i s clear eviden ce of the po itical hr ewd e of Mr .

ur . $ n be n l n Sch z doubtedly , correctly a alyzed the po itical attitude of Stephe

s s n s n r hi s n . s A . Dougla . Sub eque t event co fi med viewpoi t Whatever el e s r was s i n n n n may be aid of him , Mr . Schu z , by thi time , com g i to atio al impor n was n s s n n s ta ce . He much wa ted to addre Germa audie ce throughout the

n s r s o n t n . cou try . The e . of cou e , were of a p litical a ure , o ly Y DUANE M O$ R . LETTERS . 9

i will fnd me there at the commencement of next week , until

Wednesday or Thursday . What are the prospects in regard to the speakership $ Do you not think it would be best to Change the time for holding t he National Convention $ It seems to be the general opinion , that it Should be held some time before the middle of May , and I think so myself . If this is your view I think it would be well to address letters to the Chair oi u man the National Com . and urge him to address a circ lar to the several members . In that way the change might be ff e ected before it is too late . This matter is certainly of great importance .

My best regards to our friends in Washington .

Yours truly ,

C $ . C . S HUR

P . S . There are some typographical errors in the report 1 2 h 4 h of my Speech . In the t line of the t column there is $ $ a wanting between the words said and history $ and in the 26t h line of the 5t h column counting from the bot tom upward $ abusive ordinance $ ought to read obscure $ ordinance . That is all I can now think of .

C . S .

FROM CARL SCH$ R$ .

hi i Jan . s l s t P ladelph a , ,

’

H N. . . O J R DOOLITTLE . My dear friend $ I had to leave Washington without bidding you and

- . f . Mrs Doolittle good bye . Please o fer Mrs Doolittle my highest regards . You told me that a translation into German of my speech on Douglas was desired and I think I had better make that translation myself . I wish to read the proof also , and in order to do this , would it not be best to have the printing done in Wisconsin $ I understand you pay $1 . for an 8 page pamphlet in German $ we might do that for the same price at

'Of s s s i n e c an . wa n n i m thi lett r , it be aid that Mr Schurz tak g cog iza ce of portan t political even t in order that he might con tribute to the s ucces s of the $ $ n A n s s n n Republica party . The merica for A merica loga evide tly had little n e s hi m M o r i t re t for . DUANE w n . 1 0 MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

home and thereby favor our papers with a little job . The thing can be done for you just as cheap and a great deal

better . Please let me know what you think about it and how

many copies you want , and I will see the job done . Can you send me a copy of Biglers bill in relation to the prevention of invasions and conspiracies , etc . It is a valuable

- campaign document . I fear that Sherman ’ s defeat (for it was a defeat) will have a bad effect on the action of the National Convention . The true Republicans will have to stand firmly together or they

- will be overridden by the and old line Whigs , and ff the whole campaign will be a tame a air .

I would have left for home before this , but I found Mrs .

Schurz sick and unable to travel . We Shall hardly get started before the middle of next week . 44 $ . 5 . My address here is Care of Dr H . Tiedemann , N

h . Pa . 5t Str , Philadelphia ,

Yours as ever , $ C . SCHUR .

FROM CARL SCH$ R$ .

' o Phi lad. $ e . 1 b lth , eo.

N . . HO . J . R DOOLITTLE My dear friend $ I have translated my speech and the translation is printed $ $ l Re ub . in the $ reie Presse , the German p paper of this

t rans la city . The editor will send you a printed copy of the tion which may be stereotyped . Please send me a few copies of the pamphlet (in English) for distribution among our friends

- in Wisconsin . I intend to leave to morrow night for home .

The speech is working well wherever it is read . You tell me that Douglas ’ chances seem to be rising in

incons is the South . I think you may press him about the t e n c ie s of his doctrine so as to make him own up one way or the

0 This letter s hows the in n ate clevern es s of the political acumen of Mr . s s n n s Schurz . It al o make plai that Mr . Schurz u der tood the political game $ H s l s n n n n n was on . . locally a wel a atio ally . The Dixo me tio ed the Luther S

n n s s s s n s in . Dixo , for ma y year a ju tice of the upreme court of Wi co

DUANE M o w nx . 1 LETTERS . 1

other $ and besides you can squeeze him strongly about his $ alien and sedition laws you may destroy him completely hink at the North . I t he is at your mercy now , and you

ought not to spare him .

All I hear and see here is very encouraging . A judicious

nomination will secure us Pennsylvania beyond peradventure ,

and I think , even a bold one will not endanger our success

very much . I had several letters from Wisconsin lately $ the approaching judicial election gives our friends considerable

trouble . Dixon will not accept a party nomination and refuses n to lend himself to factious purposes in any way . But I u de rs t and he would allow himself to be called out as an in

dependent candidate in case A . D . Smith should run .

Give my best regards to Mrs . Doolittle and remember

me to our friends generally .

Yours as ever ,

C $ . C . S HUR — a P . S . I should like to read the proof of the Germ n pamphlet .

T B $ N FROM B. GRA $ RO

O ct . 1 7 , My Dear Senator I have just returned from a very arduous canvass of thirty days in the northern part of the state [Missouri] and

find your very kind and sympathetic letter . This , you will understand , of course , is a bitter fight in Missouri , first because $ $ it is death to the rings , and second because it has its ulterior

7It would s eem that this letter forecas ts the Liberal Republican movemen t which fin ally cul mi n ated in the n omi n ation of Horace Greeley for pres iden t an d n - s n n s and n se B . Gratz Brow for vice pre ide t by the Liberal Republica e dor d n n was k n n s n s by the Democrats . Gover or Brow ow to be the re po ible head of

An d n was an s i t . that movemen t . Se ator Doolittle avowed ympathizer of ’ It would be in teres tin g to kn ow what w as the ten or of Judge Doolittle s letter i s s s hi s . wa which called forth t reply But it al o to be regretted that it rarely Mr . ’ s s s An d n n h s Doolittle s practice to keep copie of letter of thi character . o e a

been foun d by the con tributor . It i s to be born e i n min d that Judge Doolittle figured promin en tly i n the Nation al Con ven tion which placed Greeley an d Brown in n omin ation as

s s M o w nr . pre iden tial candi date . DUANE 1 2 S C R MISSOURI HI TORI AL EVIEW .

significance and there will be nothing left undone on either

Side to decide the issue . I can only say to you In a few hurried words that I will win by not less than thirty thousand majority—the President $ [Grant] and his in uence to the contrary notwithstanding . I thank you and the other friends in other states for your good feeling in this matter . Perhaps I am not the right man to have taken the lead in such a con$ ict $ but there was no other that would do it , and the thing had to be done . So you see , despite all my wishes and all my designs , I am involved in politics again much to the detriment of my agricultural plans . With many pleasant reminiscences of our intercourse in the Senate , and with feelings of the warmest personal attach ment , I remain ,

Very truly and hastily yours , RATz B . G BROWN .

N . . HO . J R DOOLITTLE ,

Chicago .

FROM JAS . S . ROLLINS .

’ C s s n 29t h olumbia , Mi ouri , Ja y , My Dear Sir l ’ ous e f . The views of y and Mr Cowan , of Penn a , accord so perfectly with my own , in regard to the proper policies to

' i s n hi n in i n c an no Although there ot g the letter to dicate it , there be

w s n n n s R . s ns n doubt that it a writte to the the Se ator Jame Doolittle of Wi co i . s i hi s s n s It was careful ly pre erved n private paper a d corre ponden ce . The i n s and C n n n pol tical attitude of Se ator Doolittle owa , with refere ce to the admi

i r i n s n n s n kn wn in s s n . i s st at o of Pre ide t Joh o , were o to be ub ta tial accord It li s s i s . n was this harmon y wh ch call forth the approval of Mr Rol . It al o well un ders tood that Sen ators Sumn er and Wils on of Mas s achus etts and Howe of

s n s n i n n n s s n an d hi s s . A Wi co i , were direct a tago i m to the Pre ide t policie s tron g an d growi n g s entimen t was at work again s t the Pres iden t amon g thos e who en tertain ed extreme radi cal Republican views with regard to the ques tions All i s was s s s s n and growing out of the Civil War . th the ubject of public di cu io s w s n li n s n n e hi a . . debate at the time t letter writte Mr Rol , evide tly , wa t d to as s is t i n making public Opini on i n favor of the poli cy champion ed by Sen ator n di s hi s s s as e ns r n Doolittle . He wa ted to tribute peeche a m a of ca ryi g out hi s n in a s was s n pla of promot g the c u e , which , however , de ti ed to be met with

M ow nr . disas ter and defeat at a later date . DUANE LETTERS .

be pursued , in getting the Government back upon the old

pathway , that I must ask the favor of you to send me a dozen C —if or two opies of your speeches , under your frank they have

been put up in pamphlet form . Missouri will stand firmly by the President in the course which he seems to have marked out for himself - and we rely — off upon such statesmen as yourself and Mr . Cowan to ward

s . the blow aimed at him by Sumner , Wilson , Howe Company

I am very truly ,

Your friend ,

AS J . S . ROLLINS .

T . E N . . T E FROM O . HO$ , I n Re J O C R$ S

DELL .

To His Excellency ,

9 President of the United States . The undersigned Senators and Representatives of the Congress of the United States have great pleasure in re com

L . M r . . . mending John C Truesdell , of St ouis , Mo , a gentle man of ability and integrity for appointment as one of the Commissioners under $ An Act to reimburse the State of Missouri for moneys expended for the United States in enrolling , equipping , and provisioning militia forces to aid in suppressing the Rebellion .

T . O . HOWE .

T he sign ature attached to the foregoin g document i s in the han dwritin g of n $ R n 0 . s n s . n s an d e Se ator Timothy Howe , of Wi co i Whether other Se ator p $ re s e nt at i ve s i n C n s s s n s n s n ha s no the o gre ig ed imilar docume t , the co tributor

n n n s n . s means at ha d of k owi g . Nor doe he k ow if Mr True dell received the n n s appoin tmen t . But the p ublicatio of the docume t it elf may be a bit of

s n n n n s and i s r s l i n s s . in tere ti g i formatio for the frie d adm rer of Mr . T ue del Mi ouri

And the reproduction of it i s Offered i n that beli ef. O DUANE M $ RY. 1 4 S MI SOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

FROM JNO. C . TR$ ESDELL .

1 ° n s . l s t 1 6 Sai t Loui , Dec . 8 5

HON. . . J R DOOLITTLE ,

Washington , D . C . My Dear Sir

Mr . Geo . W . Sturgis , of Geneva , in your state , wants to ’

. lin be Post M on the Alt ant ic Mississippi Co . s e from here to New Orleans .

He is a very worthy man . Was the agent of the state at this place during a part of the war . Stands well here and would make a good officer and ought to have the appoint ment .

If you can help him , you will confer a bounty upon a worthy man and a favor upon me . In 1 868 I expect to help nominate and elect you to the

Presidency . I always had great faith in your conservatism .

If I had been in the State Senate , as I should have been upon a fair count of the votes cast , I should have voted to continue you where you are . But I am in Missouri now and in state matters in Wisconsin , can neither help nor harm you . I was rejoiced when I read your speeches made during the late can vass in Wisconsin . They were sound . My enclosed business card will advise you What I am doing here .

Very truly yours ,

N . . J o C TRUESDELL .

l oE dent l s was s n s ns n nd vi . a a c on y , Mr True dell former re ide t of Wi co i a s t it uent of the then Senator Doolittle of that s tate .

DUANE M o ws r .

1 6 MIS S OURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

by them to see only half the truth . As Senator Collamer used $ $ to say $ The truth half told is always a lie . Whether intended or not , there is no subject upon which so many half

truths are told as upon this very question , what is money , and what is its legitimate office $

The men whose property consists in bonds , mortgages

and obligations to pay them in dollars , naturally desire dollars

of the greatest possible value , or purchasing power . I f all

as silver dollars can be destroyed tender in payment , if there

are to be only gold dollars , their purchasing power is , of meces

- s i . t y , increased one third , at least , and perhaps double They — naturally look at the question with one ey e e meye single to — their own interests through gold spectacles . ho It is so with all men $ live on fixed salaries . The 50 President of the United States with his fixed salary of $ ,

if only gold is to be money , every gold dollar will be 1 873 as good as two in , when silver was demonetized $ and instead of having a salary of at prices under a Bi

M e ali t c standard , it is nearly doubled now in its purchasing

power under the single gold standard , or equal to

1 873. in It is so with judges , professors in colleges , bank x presidents and railroad preside nts . Their salaries are fi ed

in dollars $ and , the dearer the dollars the greater their pur chasing power $ and these as a general thing are the very men who assume to give testimony all the time for a single gold standard . — On the other hand the extremists among the silver men , see only half the truth . They see clearly the dangers of a — Single gold standard dangers which I will not repeat , but O which I stated at some length , in a speech made at the pera 1 893 house in Racine , Wisconsin , in January last [ ] before the recent fall in the price of silver occasioned by England , in closing the m ints of India to Silver coinage .

I repeat , the Silver men see these dangers $ and , they see or think they see , clearly that the fall in the price of silver is due to demonetization alone . (One half at least is due , I think , to demonetization real and threatened . ) LETTERS . 1 7

But they look at those dangers with so much intensity ,

and with such apprehension of financial ruin , that they do not i see that other mportant truth , which comes in as a potent a factor in producing the fall in the ctual value of Silver , and

which , in my opinion , causes the other half of the fall in price $ — that is its greater and cheaper production .

1 878 he Before , t silver mines of the world never produced

over ounces annually . Since that time the annual

production has nearly doubled . It has gone up to

000 ounces .

The silver men fail to realize this important fact . They ,

—an too , look at this question with only one eye eye single to — the silver interest alone through silver spectacles . What now is needed more than anything else at the head f of a fairs is men of cool , clear heads , who can look at this question , not with one eye through gold spectacles , nor with

the other eye through silver spectacles , but with both eyes , through spectacles of cold steel $ who can see both sides of

this question , with both eyes , who have knowledge of the history and value of gold and silver as money in all ages , and

r m h among all civilized nations , f o t e beginning of human history $ —who have a due regard for their oaths to support the Consti t ut ion of the United States $ and , who While they will insist on doing full justice to creditors , will not in the name of justice $ and honesty , lend their power and in uence to perpetrate the most gigantic system of robbery and oppression ever conceived a $ mong men , viz The sudden destruction of half the money of redemption of the civilized World .

$ or - myself , I believe at the commercial price to day , one ounce of gold will exchange for 28 ounces of silver . I think one- half the fall in silver is to be fairly attributed to its cheaper and more plentiful production . I think the other half is to be attributed to the action of

England , Germany and other states and the United States towards demonetization . 1 6 1 2 1 1 893 Instead of to , it is now 8 to , ( ) or has fallen 1 2 1 6. / Of that fall is due to the Cheaper production , and 6 1 6 to the unjust and unnatural war upon Silver as money H—2 1 8 MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW .

of redemption . It is like a problem to be worked out when

there is one unknown quantity . we must approximate it the

best we can . 22 I would , therefore , if left to me alone , say ounces of silver is worth one ounce of gold , provided silver is used as a money metal . The Constitution recognizes silver as a money metal . I would , therefore , in obedience to the Constitution , coin all the gold and all the silver which can come to our

22 1 . mints at to , and take the responsibility The annual production of silver is not over ounces . Mexico would coin her share and probably not over or one half of the production of the world would come to us . We could safely coin ounces annually at 22 to 1 . Every silver dollar coming into the Treasury should be re - coined at the same ratio , before being paid out . Then there should be some law by which no bank paper or any other form of paper money should circulate less than There is nothing in 2 5 . England less than $ , or five pounds Then gold and silver would be where it ought to be , in the hands of the people themselves , and not stored up so much in the vaults of the

Banks and the Government .

I hope you will excuse me for writing such a long letter .

I had no idea of it when I began , directly after reading your remarks in the Senate . But without stopping to correct what

I have thus hastily written , I send it to you for your considera tion . The times require men of hearts and consciences as well as brains , in dealing with this mightiest of problems for the good of our country .

Very truly yours ,

J . R . DOOLITTLE . LETTERS . 1 9

G . E T . FROM G . $ S

s i n n . 0 A s 1 7 Wa h gto , D ugu t , My dear sir Accept my thanks for your very kindletter of August

I appreciate fully the difficulties pointed out by your letter , and t hink that any one , who can dogmatically assert that the future will bring forth assured results from any given policy , is a very bold man . About one proposition I do not think there ought to be any controversy , and that is the widespread disaster which will come to our country from a single gold standard . I can very well understand , as I said in my Speech how an English

is man would be for the gold standard , but it Incomprehensible that an American should take that position . The thing which must give every intelligent mind the greatest trouble is as to our ability to maintain the two metals at a parity without international agreement . I honestly believe that it can be done by increasing the ratio , repealing the Sherman law , and then , if necessary , issuingbonds by the sale of which gold can be put in the treasury , and sustain our

financial legislation . Under ordinary circumstances I should oppose the issuing of bonds for any purpose , but if we propose to maintain the parity of gold and Silver , it is beyond question that we must have more gold , I do not see how this can be obtained except by the sale of bonds , unless there should be a series of years in which the crops of the United States would be abundant and those of t he outside world very poor .

$ i s n $ s s s i s i n s Th letter of Se ator e t , of Mi ouri , courteou reply to that of

i s n t n . s . o Judge Doolittle , which precede it It ofte that a copy of Mr Doo ’ n n i s one little s letters are to be foun d i n hi s corres po de ce . But here that n 'And di s cus s es the mon ey ques tion in hi s mos t forceful an d lumi ous way .

. $ s i n hi s s ns ni s di f u s s Mr e t , omewhat brief a wer , recog ze the fic ltie of the itua

n . s i s n i n i n s n n i s tio The ubject s o rece t the public m d , that the corre po de ce ,

s s n n s n s . perhap , all that the tude t or i ve tigator will care to k ow at thi time

DUANE M o w n r . L IBRARY O$ CONGRES S

0 0 1 6

R R C RE MISSOU I HISTO I AL VIEW .

The outlook here is very dark and there seems to be little hope of speedy compromise . The gold men are determined to have an unconditional repeal of the purchasing clause of the Sherman Act , and the friends of Silver are equally determined to secure some legislation for that metal .

Your friend ,

ES . G . G . V T

HON. JAMES R . DOOLITTLE ,

Racine , Wisconsin .

L IBRQRY O$ CONGRES S

0 01 6 098

S R CA RE MISSOURI HI TO I L $ IE$ .

The outlook here is very dark and there seems to be little hope of speedy compromise . The gold men are determined to have an unconditional repeal of the purchasing clause of the Sherman Act , and the friends of silver are equally determined to secure some legislation for that metal .

Your friend ,

ES . G . G . V T

HON. JAMES R . DOOLITTLE ,

Racine , Wisconsin .