DOCSLIB.ORG

Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Douglas House

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Douglas House Document generated on 09/24/2021 4:31 a.m. Newfoundland and Labrador Studies Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Douglas House Volume 33, Number 2, 2018 URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1058079ar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1058079ar See table of contents Publisher(s) Faculty of Arts, Memorial University ISSN 1719-1726 (print) 1715-1430 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this note House, D. (2018). Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Newfoundland and Labrador Studies, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.7202/1058079ar All Rights Reserved ©, 2019 Newfoundland and Labrador Studies This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ research note Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Douglas House Introduction By the 1970s, it had become customary in academic, media, opposi- tion, and public opinion circles to criticize Newfoundland and Lab- rador’s first premier, Joseph ( Joey) Smallwood, for his purported “neglect of the fisheries.” I admit to being part of that custom myself, and was one of the contributing authors to a little book put out by the People’s Commission on Unemployment called Now That We’ve Burned Our Boats.1 Smallwood claimed that he never said fishermen should burn their boats, nor that he said there would be two jobs for every Newfoundlander; but, as the People’s Commission points out in the frontispiece to their book, “they have become part of the province’s folk-lore.” In his excellent biography, Smallwood: The Unlikely Revolutionary, Richard Gwyn agrees with the claim that Smallwood neglected the fisheries: This lack of affection for things maritime is reflected in what is perhaps the largest puzzle of Smallwood’s admin- istration: its lack of attention to the fishery. Although the fishery supports one Newfoundlander in three, right down 436 newfoundland and labrador studies, 33, 2 (2018) 1719-1726 NLS_33.2_4pp.indd 436 2019-01-17 12:22 PM Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? to the late 1960’s it has been the most neglected industry in the province. For twenty years, Smallwood has sought to turn his people away from the sea.2 This has become the conventional wisdom, but the claim that Small- wood neglected the fisheries is a good example of how a statement can become generally agreed upon without having been subjected to criti- cal examination. Based on a review of the historical record and inter- views with both Smallwood and Aidan Maloney, who served in several key fisheries positions at the time, this article provides such a critical examination. The National Convention and Fisheries Jurisdiction, September 1946 to January 1948 The National Convention, an elected assembly established by the Brit- ish government to advise on the form of government that would be appropriate for Newfoundland and Labrador after the Second World War, was a very important and underrated body that had major influ- ences on the future of what was to become Canada’s tenth province. It instituted a thorough review of the state of affairs in Newfoundland and Labrador at the time, with background reports prepared and de- bated on such crucial issues as education, the fisheries, and the financial prospects of the country. The Convention favoured several policy di- rections that were later implemented by the first post-Confederation provincial government. These included elevating Memorial University College into a full-fledged degree-granting university, and promoting the redirection of the Newfoundland and Labrador fisheries more to- wards fresh frozen production for the American market and away from salted, dried cod for overseas markets.3 Joey Smallwood was elected as a member of the National Con- vention. Although he was not a member of the Fisheries Committee of the Convention, he was assiduous in his review of the Committee’s report, in conducting his own investigation of fisheries issues, and in newfoundland and labrador studies, 33, 2 (2018) 437 1719-1726 NLS_33.2_4pp.indd 437 2019-01-17 12:22 PM House contributing to the Convention’s debates about the report. In light of his subsequent leadership role in transforming the fisheries, his com- ments during the debates are insightful. I have very genuine admiration for the work of the Fisher- ies Committee in the preparation of this interim report. I have often wondered whether it was a good thing for Newfoundland to turn away from her centuries-old method of fishing. I do not refer merely to the technical methods of fishing, but to the social or sociological; we have had 30, 40 and 50,000 petty capitalists — whether it is a good thing to turn away from that and to industrialize the fishing and increase the units of production; to in- crease mechanical processing; turn the fishery from what it has so long been, an adventure, a highly individualistic adventure, developing a certain sturdy independence and individualism in our fishermen; turning from that into what can only be called industrialism in the fishery, reach- ing perhaps ultimately someday to the fishery proletariat — men engaged for wages as they might be in a clothing factory, in a mine or paper mill or any other industrial en- terprise. My head tells me that we must change; we must become industrialized; we must go ahead or go under; yet I will watch this trend to industrialism in the fisheries with a great deal of interest in the next ten, 20 or 30 years, if I live that long. I know it must come; it is inevitable and indeed it may be regrettable.4 Smallwood’s ambivalence about the changes he foresaw for the fishing industry and rural Newfoundland and Labrador more generally was to colour his whole career in politics. Despite making himself quite knowledgeable about fisheries issues, Smallwood, no doubt because he was so passionately committed to the Confederation cause, proved to be somewhat naive about the implica- tions of joining the Canadian federation for control and management 438 newfoundland and labrador studies, 33, 2 (2018) 1719-1726 NLS_33.2_4pp.indd 438 2019-01-17 12:22 PM Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? of the fisheries. During the National Convention debates, he argued that “any regulations they make governing the fisheries . all the prac- tical details of fishery, that is left entirely completely and absolutely to the province.”5 Fellow Convention member Charles Bailey disagreed, stating “That is not what I was given to understand.”6 In the event, Bailey’s understanding was to prove correct. In negotiating the Terms of Union, the Newfoundland delegation could have championed an approach giving a significant say in fisheries administration to the new province of Newfoundland, but this did not happen. Sovereignty and jurisdiction over fisheries resources and their management passed seamlessly to the federal government and its Department of Fisheries. Fisheries Development during the Smallwood Years, 1949–1972 The attention given to Smallwood’s land-based industrialization schemes, and, indeed, the exaggerated claims about them that he pro- moted, far exceeded the attention given to fisheries. Aidan Maloney was heavily involved in various fisheries capacities during the Small- wood years, including as a senior manager for John Penny and Sons in Ramea, assistant deputy minister of fisheries in the provincial govern- ment, and as minister of fisheries in Smallwood’s cabinet. In his opinion, although Smallwood received more publicity for his other industrial- ization schemes, he was nevertheless also heavily involved in fisheries development: No one got excited when Fishery Products or Bonavista Cold Storage got a loan of $2 million to buy trawlers. That was not the kind of thing that got political attention. If there was a ten-storey building to be built, everybody could see it. If there was a school, a regional high school or something like that, that attracted attention. That had much more political moxie than somebody buying three or four trawlers in Britain or something like that. Joe didn’t ignore the fisheries, in fairness to him. But he didn’t newfoundland and labrador studies, 33, 2 (2018) 439 1719-1726 NLS_33.2_4pp.indd 439 2019-01-17 12:22 PM House sermonize about it in his talks, they were always on devel- opment in other areas.7 Earlier, during the debates of the National Convention, Small- wood had expressed his faith in the future of the fisheries as follows: I have absolute faith in the basic possibilities of the New- foundland fisheries. We must never forget that over half our entire economy consists of the fisheries and half of the population is directly affected by the fisheries, and that the remainder who are not directly affected, are certainly so in an indirect way. Everyone in Newfoundland stands or falls in the long run by the fisheries. We must not make the mistake of neglecting the fisheries.8 He then went on to outline a seven-point plan for what he thought needed to be done to modernize the Newfoundland fishery so that it could be competitive with progressive countries such as Iceland and Norway. This included bringing down the cost of production, scientific research, new methods of production and processing, bringing in outside capital, emphasizing organization by building on the work of the Fish- eries Board and the Fish Exports Group, encouraging the co-operative movement, and establishing a separate Department of Fisheries.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • If We Could All Be Peter Lougheed” Provincial Premiers and Their Legacies, 1967-2007 1
    “If we could all be Peter Lougheed” Provincial premiers and their legacies, 1967-2007 1 J.P. Lewis Carleton University [email protected] Paper for Presentation at The Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association Concordia University, Montreal June 2010 Introduction For a variety of reasons, the careers of Canadian provincial premiers have escaped explicit academic attention. Premiers are found frequently in Canadian political science literature, but more for direct roles and actions – in questions of the constitution, federalism, public policy and electoral and legislative studies – instead of longitudinal study and analysis. This fits a pattern of neglect in the field; some academics have lamented the lack of direct attention to provincial politics and history (Brownsey and Howlett 2001). The aggregate imprints of premiers are relatively ignored outside of regional and provincial treatments. No pan- Canadian assessment of premiers exists, and probably for good reason. The theoretical and methodological concerns with asking general research questions about premiers are plenty; leadership theory and historical approaches provide some foundations but any approach is going to confront conceptual challenges. This is where this study is found – in a void of precedents but a plethora of qualitative data. 2 Regardless of methodological challenges, some historians, political scientists and members of the media have not shied away from ranking and assessing national leaders. Some of the more popular treatments (from the popular culture version to the more academic approach) include Ferguson’s Bastards and Boneheads , Granatstein and Hillmer’s Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada’s Leaders , and Bliss’s Right Honourable Men . Bliss (xiv), the esteemed historian, is skeptical of such endeavours, “While this is Canadian history from Parliament Hill, I am not a Hegelian and I do not believe that political leaders, least of all prime ministers of Canada, are personifications of the world spirit.
    [Show full text]
  • Exerpt from Joey Smallwood
    This painting entitled We Filled ‘Em To The Gunnells by Sheila Hollander shows what life possibly may have been like in XXX circa XXX. Fig. 3.4 499 TOPIC 6.1 Did Newfoundland make the right choice when it joined Canada in 1949? If Newfoundland had remained on its own as a country, what might be different today? 6.1 Smallwood campaigning for Confederation 6.2 Steps in the Confederation process, 1946-1949 THE CONFEDERATION PROCESS Sept. 11, 1946: The April 24, 1947: June 19, 1947: Jan. 28, 1948: March 11, 1948: Overriding National Convention The London The Ottawa The National Convention the National Convention’s opens. delegation departs. delegation departs. decides not to put decision, Britain announces confederation as an option that confederation will be on on the referendum ballot. the ballot after all. 1946 1947 1948 1949 June 3, 1948: July 22, 1948: Dec. 11, 1948: Terms March 31, 1949: April 1, 1949: Joseph R. First referendum Second referendum of Union are signed Newfoundland Smallwood and his cabinet is held. is held. between Canada officially becomes are sworn in as an interim and Newfoundland. the tenth province government until the first of Canada. provincial election can be held. 500 The Referendum Campaigns: The Confederates Despite the decision by the National Convention on The Confederate Association was well-funded, well- January 28, 1948 not to include Confederation on the organized, and had an effective island-wide network. referendum ballot, the British government announced It focused on the material advantages of confederation, on March 11 that it would be placed on the ballot as especially in terms of improved social services – family an option after all.
    [Show full text]
  • Moved by the State Forced Relocation and Making a Good Life in Postwar Canada
    Tina Loo Moved by the State Forced Relocation and Making a Good Life in Postwar Canada UBC Press © Sample Material Contents List of Figures and Tables / viii Acknowledgments / x Introduction / 3 1 “No More Canadians Will Starve!”: Development, Discipline, and Decolonizing the North / 28 2 “The overnmentalityG Game”: Problematizing, Resettling, and Democratizing Newfoundland / 56 3 “Artisans of Their Destiny”: Participation, Power, and Place in Quebec’s Backcountry / 91 4 “Deviating from the Strict Letter of the Law”: Race, Poverty, and Planning in Postwar Halifax / 121 5 “A Fourth Level of Government”? Urban Renewal, State Power, and Democracy in Vancouver’s East Side / 157 Conclusion / 197 Notes / 208 Bibliography / 247 Index / 265 UBC Press © Sample Material Introduction It was good to finally be still, and even better to be inside, sitting around the kitchen table. They’d spent the day with the men of Francois on Newfoundland’s southwest coast, handlining for cod. It was as research for their book, published the next year as This Rock within the Sea (1968). Farley Mowat and John de Visser had intended the book as a celebration of a place and people they loved. But its purpose changed because of encounters like the one they had that evening. “It’s been fine you come to visit us,” said their host over tea. “But I’m wondering, could you, maybe, do one thing for we?” Could you, do you think, say how it was with us? We wouldn’t want it thought, you understand, that we never tried the hardest as was in us to make a go of things.
    [Show full text]
  • Canadianism, Anglo-Canadian Identities and the Crisis of Britishness, 1964-1968
    Nova Britannia Revisited: Canadianism, Anglo-Canadian Identities and the Crisis of Britishness, 1964-1968 C. P. Champion Department of History McGill University, Montreal A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History February 2007 © Christian Paul Champion, 2007 Table of Contents Dedication ……………………………….……….………………..………….…..2 Abstract / Résumé ………….……..……….……….…….…...……..………..….3 Acknowledgements……………………….….……………...………..….…..……5 Obiter Dicta….……………………………………….………..…..…..….……….6 Introduction …………………………………………….………..…...…..….….. 7 Chapter 1 Canadianism and Britishness in the Historiography..….…..………….33 Chapter 2 The Challenge of Anglo-Canadian ethnicity …..……..…….……….. 62 Chapter 3 Multiple Identities, Britishness, and Anglo-Canadianism ……….… 109 Chapter 4 Religion and War in Anglo-Canadian Identity Formation..…..……. 139 Chapter 5 The celebrated rite-de-passage at Oxford University …….…...…… 171 Chapter 6 The courtship and apprenticeship of non-Wasp ethnic groups….….. 202 Chapter 7 The “Canadian flag” debate of 1964-65………………………..…… 243 Chapter 8 Unification of the Canadian armed forces in 1966-68……..….……. 291 Conclusions: Diversity and continuity……..…………………………….…….. 335 Bibliography …………………………………………………………….………347 Index……………………………………………………………………………...384 1 For Helena-Maria, Crispin, and Philippa 2 Abstract The confrontation with Britishness in Canada in the mid-1960s is being revisited by scholars as a turning point in how the Canadian state was imagined and constructed. During what the present thesis calls the “crisis of Britishness” from 1964 to 1968, the British character of Canada was redefined and Britishness portrayed as something foreign or “other.” This post-British conception of Canada has been buttressed by historians depicting the British connection as a colonial hangover, an externally-derived, narrowly ethnic, nostalgic, or retardant force. However, Britishness, as a unique amalgam of hybrid identities in the Canadian context, in fact took on new and multiple meanings.
    [Show full text]
  • Newfoundland and Labrador Provincial Edition 1
    intermediate/senior mini unit http://hcmc.uvic.ca/confederation/ Newfoundland and Labrador Provincial Edition 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 1 ABOUT THE CONFEDERATION DEBATES MINI-UNIT .......................................................................... 3 CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 4 Social Studies Grade 7........................................................................................................................ 4 Social Studies: Grade 8—Newfoundland and Labrador History ..................................................... 5 Social Studies: Canadian History 1201 .............................................................................................. 7 SECTION 1 | CREATING CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR ............................................ 8 Prerequisite Skillset ........................................................................................................................... 8 Background Knowledge..................................................................................................................... 8 Confederation Debates: Introductory Lesson ................................................................................... 9 Confederation Debates: Biographical Research ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Defying the Odds
    DEFYING THE ODDS Similarity and Difference in Canadian Elementary and Secondary Education By Jennifer M. Wallner A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Political Science University of Toronto © Copyright by Jennifer M. Wallner (2009) Defying the Odds: Similarity and Difference in Canadian Elementary and Secondary Education Jennifer M. Wallner PhD. Thesis Department of Political Science University of Toronto 2009 Abstract: This dissertation explains why and how, in the absence of direct federal participation, the Canadian provinces invest at comparable levels, achieve similar outcomes, and produce similar policies while simultaneously maintaining distinctive policy particularities in the elementary and secondary education sector. Given the limited national direction and the extensive autonomy afforded the Canadian provinces, for both students of federalism and education policy, the significant interprovincial similarities appearing across the subnational education sectors are a puzzle to be explained. I develop this analysis by exploring my puzzle in two comparative contexts: cross-nationally and longitudinally. To account for patterns of educational policy similarity and difference, the dissertation points to the movement of policy ideas across the provinces in response to their increasing legal, economic, organizational, and cultural interconnectedness. My dissertation argues that as interconnections among the provinces increased, the movement of policy ideas across the provinces intensified. As policy ideas moved, provincial governments would determine whether a policy from another jurisdiction could be suitable in their own. The subsequent decision to adopt the policy of another turned critically on both the existing relations between the jurisdictions and viability of the new idea within the internal policy context of the receiving jurisdiction.
    [Show full text]
  • THE BRANDING of the PRIME MINISTER: 'Uncle Louis' and Brand
    THE BRANDING OF THE PRIME MINISTER: ‘Uncle Louis’ and Brand Politics in The Elections of Louis St. Laurent 1949-1957 A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT UNIVERSITY Peterborough, Ontario, Canada © Cory Baldwin, 2017 History M.A. Graduate Program September 2017 ABSTRACT: THE BRANDING OF THE PRIME MINISTER: ‘Uncle Louis’ and Brand Politics in The Elections of Louis St. Laurent 1949-1957 Cory Baldwin From 1949-1957, Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent was the face of the Liberal Party. Party branding was wholly devoted to his friendly, ‘Uncle Louis’ brand image. St. Laurent’s image was manipulated and manufactured without public preconception, establishing the modern tactics of personal branding still used by his successors. This thesis studies the elections of 1949, 1953, and 1957, analysing photos, advertisements, speeches, archival documents, memoirs, newspapers, and other sources to show the development of Liberal branding strategy. It employs political scientist Margaret Scammell’s conceptualization of brand theory, showing how marketers used emotional brand differentiators and rational substantive performance indicators to sell ‘Uncle Louis’ to Canadians. The Liberals used St. Laurent and branding tactics to win two massive majorities in 1949 and 1953, and the Diefenbaker Tories used those same tactics to defeat them in 1957. ‘Uncle Louis’ proved the effectiveness of personal branding and leader- centered
    [Show full text]
  • Premiers and Development Policies in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1949 to 2009.” Dr
    “Premiers and Development Policies in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1949 to 2009.” Dr. Doug House Department of Sociology, Memorial University The research is intended to lead to the writing of a book and/or articles about the nine men who have served as Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador since Confederation with Canada in 1949, with a particular emphasis on the four who, it will be argued, have had the most impact on development: Joey Smallwood, Brian Peckford, Clyde Wells and Danny Williams. The focus is mainly on a comparative description and analysis of each premier’s approach to economic and social development for the province. The research and analysis will be based on three main sources: 1. Secondary materials, including books, articles and newspaper accounts of each premier’s activities and pronouncements. 2. Drawing on the researcher’s own experience and records accumulated while working in a senior public service position for three of the premiers (Peckford, Wells and Williams) as well as an earlier interview with Smallwood about his approach to development. 3. Interviews with former and current premiers, cabinet ministers and senior public servants, as well as leaders in other spheres over the years (business, labour, academia and the community sector). The objectives of the project include the following: 1) To describe, compare and contrast the leadership styles of each of the premiers, especially Smallwood, Peckford, Wells and Williams. 2) To examine various themes which characterize the approaches taken by each, for example in the way in which he dealt with the federal government. 3) To analyse each premier’s approach to economic development in terms of how it was influenced or informed by various theories of development, such as the modernization, dependency and new economy approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Paradigm Freeze Why It Is So Hard to Reform Health-Care Policy in Canada
    Paradigm Freeze WHY IT IS SO HARD TO REFORM HEALTHCARE POLICY IN CANADA Edited by Harvey Lazar John N. Lavis, Pierre-Gerlier Forest, and John Church Institute of Intergovernmental Relations The Institute of Intergovernmental Relations The Institute is the only academic organization in Canada whose mandate is solely to pro- mote research and communication on the challenges facing the federal system. Current research interests include fiscal federalism, health policy, the reform of federal political institutions and the machinery of federal-provincial relations, Canadian federalism and the global economy, and comparative federalism. The Institute pursues these objectives through research conducted by its own associates and other scholars, through its publication program, and through seminars and conferences. The Institute links academics and practitioners of federalism in federal and provincial govern ments and the private sector. The Institute of Intergovernmental Relations receives ongoing financial support from the J.A. Corry Memorial Endowment Fund, the Royal Bank of Canada Endowment Fund, the Government of Canada, and the governments of Manitoba and Ontario. We are grateful for this support, which enables the Institute to sustain its program of research, publication, and related activities. L’Institut des relations intergouvernementales L’Institut est le seul organisme universitaire canadien à se consacrer exclusivement à la recherche et aux échanges sur les enjeux du fédéralisme. Les priorités de recherche de l’Institut portent présentement sur le fédéralisme fiscal, la santé, la modification des institutions politiques fédérales, les mécanismes des relations fédérales-provinciales, le fédéralisme canadien dans l’économie mondiale et le fédéralisme comparatif. L’Institut réalise ses objectifs par le biais de recherches effectuées par ses chercheurs et par des chercheurs de l’Université Queen’s et d’ailleurs, de même que par des congrès et des colloques.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies of Newfoundland Politics, 1949-2015 Edward Roberts
    Document generated on 09/27/2021 5:58 p.m. Newfoundland and Labrador Studies Unchanging Verities Studies of Newfoundland Politics, 1949-2015 Edward Roberts Volume 31, Number 1, Fall 2016 URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/nflds31_1re01 See table of contents Publisher(s) Faculty of Arts, Memorial University ISSN 1719-1726 (print) 1715-1430 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this review Roberts, E. (2016). Review of [Unchanging Verities: Studies of Newfoundland Politics, 1949-2015]. Newfoundland and Labrador Studies, 31(1), 181–209. All rights reserved © Memorial University, 2014 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ review essay Unchanging Verities: Studies of Newfoundland Politics, 1949-2015 Edward Roberts Newfoundlanders first won the right to vote for their political leaders in 1832. Political parties, almost entirely sectarian, quickly emerged, and elections became bitter contests, fuelled by patronage and personal ambition. Newfoundland’s politics since then have been personal, passionate, partisan, parochial, and tinged with paranoia. This essay canvasses the books that record and describe — with greater or lesser degrees of accuracy — the politics and the political history of the first 66 years of Newfoundland’s Confederation with Canada.1 Politics in Newfoundland came to be a national sport, perhaps the national sport.
    [Show full text]
  • Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries?
    research note Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? Douglas House Introduction By the 1970s, it had become customary in academic, media, opposi- tion, and public opinion circles to criticize Newfoundland and Lab- rador’s first premier, Joseph ( Joey) Smallwood, for his purported “neglect of the fisheries.” I admit to being part of that custom myself, and was one of the contributing authors to a little book put out by the People’s Commission on Unemployment called Now That We’ve Burned Our Boats.1 Smallwood claimed that he never said fishermen should burn their boats, nor that he said there would be two jobs for every Newfoundlander; but, as the People’s Commission points out in the frontispiece to their book, “they have become part of the province’s folk-lore.” In his excellent biography, Smallwood: The Unlikely Revolutionary, Richard Gwyn agrees with the claim that Smallwood neglected the fisheries: This lack of affection for things maritime is reflected in what is perhaps the largest puzzle of Smallwood’s admin- istration: its lack of attention to the fishery. Although the fishery supports one Newfoundlander in three, right down 436 newfoundland and labrador studies, 33, 2 (2018) 1719-1726 NLS_33.2_4pp.indd 436 2019-01-17 12:22 PM Did Smallwood Neglect the Fisheries? to the late 1960’s it has been the most neglected industry in the province. For twenty years, Smallwood has sought to turn his people away from the sea.2 This has become the conventional wisdom, but the claim that Small- wood neglected the fisheries is a good example of how a statement can become generally agreed upon without having been subjected to criti- cal examination.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada's Cultural Media Policy and Newfoundland Music on the Radio
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2007 Canada’s Cultural Media Policy and Newfoundland Music on the Radio: Local Identities and Global Implications Sara Beth Keough University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Geography Commons Recommended Citation Keough, Sara Beth, "Canada’s Cultural Media Policy and Newfoundland Music on the Radio: Local Identities and Global Implications. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/208 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Sara Beth Keough entitled "Canada’s Cultural Media Policy and Newfoundland Music on the Radio: Local Identities and Global Implications." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Geography. Thomas L. Bell, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Lydia M. Pulsipher, John B. Rehder, Leslie C. Gay, Jr.
    [Show full text]