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Potential of Polarization/Raman Lidar to Separate Fine Dust, Coarse Dust
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3403–3427, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017 © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri1,2 and Albert Ansmann3 1Cyprus University of Technology, Dep. of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Limassol, Cyprus 2The Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment, and Water Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus 3Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany Correspondence to: Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri ([email protected]) Received: 26 April 2017 – Discussion started: 4 May 2017 Revised: 28 July 2017 – Accepted: 2 August 2017 – Published: 19 September 2017 Abstract. We applied the recently introduced polarization advantages in comparison to 355 and 1064 nm polarization lidar–photometer networking (POLIPHON) technique for lidar approaches and leads to the most robust and accurate the first time to triple-wavelength polarization lidar measure- POLIPHON products. ments at 355, 532, and 1064 nm. The lidar observations were performed at Barbados during the Saharan Aerosol Long- Range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) in the summer of 2014. The POLIPHON 1 Introduction method comprises the traditional lidar technique to separate mineral dust and non-dust backscatter contributions and the Polarization lidar is a very powerful remote sensing tool for new, extended approach to separate even the fine and coarse aerosol and cloud research. The technique has been used for dust backscatter fractions. We show that the traditional and a long time to monitor and investigate cirrus cloud systems the advanced method are compatible and lead to a consis- (e.g., Sassen, 1991, 2005; Reichardt et al., 2002, 2008) and tent set of dust and non-dust profiles at simplified, less com- polar stratospheric cloud evolution (see, e.g., Browell et al., plex aerosol layering and mixing conditions as is the case 1990; Achtert and Tesche, 2014). -
Fishing Rules and Permits - Arjeplog Municipality 2021 Understand All Local Rules and Restrictions
Sustainable fishing in highland environments Fishing rules In highland environments it is important to fish sustainably to ensure the General fishing rules, above the cultivation limit, in state-owned waters managed by the persistence of viable populations and natural habitats. Highland habitats County Administrative Board of Norrbotten: are particularly vulnerable since damaged soils and plants recover very • A fishing permit is required and can be purchased either • To protect fish populations from overexploitation, ice fish- slowly. Arctic waters are often poor in nutrients, and fish growth is online (www.natureit.se) or from local retailers (listed ing is forbidden in all streams and rivers apart from Piteäl- temperature dependent. below). ven, Kalixälven, and Torneälven. Ice fishing is also prohi- This means that the recuperation of harvested populations is restricted to relatively • Permit holders are allowed to use one fishing rod (line bited in streams and lake-like (wide and slow-flowing) short summer seasons. For that reason, you should not keep more fish than you can equipped with three hooks maximum) per angler. Other segments of rivers other than Piteälven, Kalixälven and consume in one day, and release all excess fish. rules are enforced in trolling lakes (see map). Torneälven. Wide and slow-flowing sections are considered Highland environments are also inhabited by semi-domestic reindeers. Reindeers are • There’s a daily limit on the number of salmonid fish you ‘lake-like’ when the maximum width equals <200 m and sensitive animals, so please observe that fishing is prohibited if it interferes with reinde- can keep. Bag limit (trout and grayling): 5 fish in total, e.g. -
Geology of the Northern Norrbotten Ore Province, Northern Sweden Paper 11 (13) Editor: Stefan Bergman
Rapporter och meddelanden 141 Geology of the Northern Norrbotten ore province, northern Sweden Paper 11 (13) Editor: Stefan Bergman Rapporter och meddelanden 141 Geology of the Northern Norrbotten ore province, northern Sweden Editor: Stefan Bergman Sveriges geologiska undersökning 2018 ISSN 0349-2176 ISBN 978-91-7403-393-9 Cover photos: Upper left: View of Torneälven, looking north from Sakkara vaara, northeast of Kiruna. Photographer: Stefan Bergman. Upper right: View (looking north-northwest) of the open pit at the Aitik Cu-Au-Ag mine, close to Gällivare. The Nautanen area is seen in the back- ground. Photographer: Edward Lynch. Lower left: Iron oxide-apatite mineralisation occurring close to the Malmberget Fe-mine. Photographer: Edward Lynch. Lower right: View towards the town of Kiruna and Mt. Luossavaara, standing on the footwall of the Kiruna apatite iron ore on Mt. Kiirunavaara, looking north. Photographer: Stefan Bergman. Head of department, Mineral Resources: Kaj Lax Editor: Stefan Bergman Layout: Tone Gellerstedt och Johan Sporrong, SGU Print: Elanders Sverige AB Geological Survey of Sweden Box 670, 751 28 Uppsala phone: 018-17 90 00 fax: 018-17 92 10 e-mail: [email protected] www.sgu.se Table of Contents Introduktion (in Swedish) .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................. -
We Help Earth Benefit from Space in Summary 2019 Contents
WE HELP EARTH BENEFIT FROM SPACE IN SUMMARY 2019 CONTENTS About this report 2019 HIGHLIGHTS This is an English summary of Swedish 3 Space Corporation’s (SSC) 2019 Annual and Sustainability Report. CEO STATEMENT The Swedish report, available at our web- 4 site, is the legally binding annual report. THIS IS SSC The report summarizes the 2019 fiscal 6 year and covers performance on issues most important to SSC's ability to deliver SSC GLOBAL PRESENCE value to stakeholders in a changing and complex business environment. This 8 summary serves as our United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) Communi- EVOLVING SPACE LANDSCAPE 9 cations on Progress. Visit: STRATEGIC APPROACH https://www.sscspace.com/about-ssc/finances/reports-archive/ 10 Copyright: Unless otherwise indicated, SSC has the copyright to images in this publication. FOCUS AREAS FOR PROFITABLE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH 12 EMPLOYEES - OUR GREATEST ASSET 14 MEET OUR PEOPLE 15 2019 HIGHLIGHTS 2019 HIGHLIGHTS 2019 was another year of exciting space missions and projects for the space sector as a whole, but also for SSC. The rapid development has allowed us to grow and take new steps to prepare for the future. MASER 14 and inauguration of SubOrbital Express as a service Our MASER 14 sounding rocket reached an altitude of approximately 250 kilometers and spent over six minutes in microgravity. The mission inaugurated SubOrbital Express, a service to enable research into microgravity applications, atmospheric physics or other scientific disciplines. In this microgravity environment, we conducted experiments on fluid drainage, X-ray radio graphy and dust formation. Read more: https://www.suborbitalexpress.com Inauguration of exciting antenna art in Inuvik The two SSC antennas at the Inuvik site are painted by the local artists Anick Jenks and Ron English. -
Highlights in Space 2010
International Astronautical Federation Committee on Space Research International Institute of Space Law 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren c/o CNES 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren UNITED NATIONS 75015 Paris, France 2 place Maurice Quentin 75015 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 Tel. + 33 1 44 76 75 10 E-mail: : [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax. + 33 1 44 76 74 37 URL: www.iislweb.com OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS URL: www.iafastro.com E-mail: [email protected] URL : http://cosparhq.cnes.fr Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs is responsible for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space and assisting developing countries in using space science and technology. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs P. O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-4950 Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5830 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.unoosa.org United Nations publication Printed in Austria USD 15 Sales No. E.11.I.3 ISBN 978-92-1-101236-1 ST/SPACE/57 *1180239* V.11-80239—January 2011—775 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law Progress in space science, technology and applications, international cooperation and space law UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 UniTEd NationS PUblication Sales no. -
Local Area Network and Data Network for the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite, ADEOS System Kohei Arai
Local area network and data network for the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite, ADEOS system Kohei Arai '* * Earth Observation Center, National Space Development Agency of Japan Abstract NASDA is planning the next generation of earth observation satellite, following MOS-1, MOS-1b, JER3-1, so called Advanced Earth Observing Satellite, ADEOS. ADEOS will carry Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner, OCTS, Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer, AVNIR and Anouncement Opportunity sensors, AO sensors and will require a quicl< data distribution. Not only direct broadcasting, but also data distribution through a network are usefull for the dissemination of such data. Therefore a data network of which users can access a quicklook image data base in a quasi real time basis is now considered. In order for the preoperational data handling, a local area network is taken into account for an ADEOS ground facility. The processed data are sent to the film recorder through the LAN together with histograms for the generation of look up table for the gamma correction. Key items of the processed data are also transmitted to the information retrieval subsystem for the registration. The aquired quick look data are transmitted to not only the film recorder but also quick look image data base and the information retreival subsystem in a real time basis. The aforementioned ideas and concept for the development of the ADEOS ground facility will be described in the proposed paper. Presented at the ISPRS held in Kyoto, Japan, in July 1988. 1 1 1 .. INTRODUCTION data starting with HOS-1 through ) the Polar respond or demands for earth observation from space, earth observation system consists of not only satellite but also ground facilities including data net\.>lorks for transmission of mission data, should matured and improved. -
Lappstaden in Arvidsjaur Church Town Is Unique Portion of the Forested Areas in the Interior of – Nowhere Else Are There So Many Well-Preserved Upper Norrland
FOREST SAAMI UNIQUE The forest Saami in the past inhabited a large Lappstaden in Arvidsjaur church town is unique portion of the forested areas in the interior of – nowhere else are there so many well-preserved · 2013 TC G Upper Norrland. Today their territory is limited forest Saami gåhties (Saami pyramid-shaped G: INTIN R to the inland area between Vittangi in Norr- dwelling) as here. Their form combines that of the P YRÅ. YRÅ. botten County down to Malå in Västerbotten round gåhtie tent with the square timber dwelling. B PRÅK S X County with Arvidsjaur as the core area. The Lappstaden has never been used for permanent LE : E : N life of the forest Saami is adapted to that of living; only for overnight stays during church festi- O the forest reindeer, which finds all its forage vals. anslati . TR . N in forest areas and never needs to move to O mati the mountains. Before the 18th century, forest A POSITIVE ATMOSPHERE OR INF reindeer husbandry was small-scale, every The buildings in Lappstaden are owned by the R ultu household keeping about 10 domesticated re- forest Saami themselves and are still in use. Here, K MUNIN indeer. Hunting, and above all fishing, brought & people stay to spend time IN G HU the staple nutrition. together and the tradition :: N G DESI survives of spending the HIC P THE GREAT CHANGE night in Lappstaden A th th KIRUNA During the 18 and 19 centuries, conditions during the church & GR AND T X changed. The forestlands were populated by E feast, the last week- T non-nomadic settlers, who were allotted land end in August. -
Beyond the Paths of Heaven the Emergence of Space Power Thought
Beyond the Paths of Heaven The Emergence of Space Power Thought A Comprehensive Anthology of Space-Related Master’s Research Produced by the School of Advanced Airpower Studies Edited by Bruce M. DeBlois, Colonel, USAF Professor of Air and Space Technology Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama September 1999 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Beyond the paths of heaven : the emergence of space power thought : a comprehensive anthology of space-related master’s research / edited by Bruce M. DeBlois. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Astronautics, Military. 2. Astronautics, Military—United States. 3. Space Warfare. 4. Air University (U.S.). Air Command and Staff College. School of Advanced Airpower Studies- -Dissertations. I. Deblois, Bruce M., 1957- UG1520.B48 1999 99-35729 358’ .8—dc21 CIP ISBN 1-58566-067-1 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. ii Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii OVERVIEW . ix PART I Space Organization, Doctrine, and Architecture 1 An Aerospace Strategy for an Aerospace Nation . 3 Stephen E. Wright 2 After the Gulf War: Balancing Space Power’s Development . 63 Frank Gallegos 3 Blueprints for the Future: Comparing National Security Space Architectures . 103 Christian C. Daehnick PART II Sanctuary/Survivability Perspectives 4 Safe Heavens: Military Strategy and Space Sanctuary . 185 David W. Ziegler PART III Space Control Perspectives 5 Counterspace Operations for Information Dominance . -
Aqua: an Earth-Observing Satellite Mission to Examine Water and Other Climate Variables Claire L
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, VOL. 41, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2003 173 Aqua: An Earth-Observing Satellite Mission to Examine Water and Other Climate Variables Claire L. Parkinson Abstract—Aqua is a major satellite mission of the Earth Observing System (EOS), an international program centered at the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Aqua satellite carries six distinct earth-observing instruments to measure numerous aspects of earth’s atmosphere, land, oceans, biosphere, and cryosphere, with a concentration on water in the earth system. Launched on May 4, 2002, the satellite is in a sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 705 km, with a track that takes it north across the equator at 1:30 P.M. and south across the equator at 1:30 A.M. All of its earth-observing instruments are operating, and all have the ability to obtain global measurements within two days. The Aqua data will be archived and available to the research community through four Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs). Index Terms—Aqua, Earth Observing System (EOS), remote sensing, satellites, water cycle. I. INTRODUCTION AUNCHED IN THE early morning hours of May 4, 2002, L Aqua is a major satellite mission of the Earth Observing System (EOS), an international program for satellite observa- tions of earth, centered at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [1], [2]. Aqua is the second of the large satellite observatories of the EOS program, essentially a sister satellite to Terra [3], the first of the large EOS observatories, launched in December 1999. Following the phraseology of Y. -
Space-Related Education on the Kiruna Space Campus, Sweden
Space-related Education on the Kiruna Space Campus, Sweden The town of Kiruna lies approximately 140 kilometres above the Arctic Circle Space research and industry in northern Sweden. The high latitude Carol Norberg, The largest research organization in Kiruna Reader in Space Physics, makes Kiruna an attractive base for is the Swedish Institute of Space Physics, which Department of Space Sci- international space-related projects of carries out research in experimental space and ence, atmospheric physics. Measurements are made from many kinds. A space research insti- Umeå University, the ground, with balloons, and from satellites. Prob- Box 812, S-981 28 Kiruna, tute was first created in Kiruna in the ably the most well-known space centre in Kiruna is Sweden. 1950’s. During the last decade, there Esrange, a space facility belonging to the Swedish Space Corporation. Esrange has its own satellite has been a rapid expansion in the area station, and facilities for launching sounding rockets of space-related education at university and stratospheric balloons. Close to Esrange is the Swedish Institute of Space level, which has its foundations on the European Space Agency satellite station at Salmi- järvi. The headquarters of the European Incoherent Physics, Headquarter in local expertise in space science and Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT) are located Kiruna. engineering. Through cooperation with Picture: IRF the Swedish Space Corporation stu- dents in Kiruna are offered the opportu- nity to participate in rocket and balloon launches as part of their education. The two most northern universities in Swe- den, Luleå University of Technology and Umeå University have formed a joint Department of Space Science located on the Kiruna Space Campus togeth- er with the Swedish Institute of Space Physics. -
Launch / Tracking and Control Plan of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) / H-IIA Launch Vehicle No
Launch / Tracking and Control Plan of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) / H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 8 (H-IIA F8) November 2005 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) (Independent Administrative Agency) - 1 - Table of Contents Page 1. Overview of the Launch / Tracking and Control Plan 1 1.1 Organization in Charge of Launch / Tracking and Control 1 1.2 Person in Charge of Launch / Tracking and Control Operations 1 1.3 Objectives of Launch / Tracking and Control 1 1.4 Payload and Launch Vehicle 1 1.5 Launch Window (Day and Time) 2 1.6 Facilities for Launch / Tracking and Control 2 2. Launch Plan 3 2.1 Launch Site 3 2.2 Launch Organization 4 2.3 Launch Vehicle Flight Plan 5 2.4 Major Characteristics of the Launch Vehicle 5 2.5 Outline of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) 5 2.6 Securing Launch Safety 5 2.7 Correspondence Method of Launch information to Parties Concerned 6 3. Tracking and Control Plan 8 3.1 Tracking and Control Plan of the ALOS 8 3.1.1 Tracking and Control Sites 8 3.1.2 Tracking and Control Organization 8 3.1.3 Tracking and Control Period 8 3.1.4 Tracking and Control Operations 10 3.1.5 ALOS Flight Plan 10 3.1.6 Tracking and Control System 10 4. Launch Result Report 11 [List of Tables] Table-1: Launch Vehicle Flight Plan 13 Table-2: Major Characteristics of the Launch Vehicle 15 Table-3: Major Characteristics of the ALOS 17 Table-4: Tracking and Control Plan (Stations) of the ALOS 23 [List of Figures] Figure-1: Map of Launch / Tracking and Control Facilities 12 Figure-2: Launch Vehicle Flight Trajectory 14 Figure-3: Configuration of the Launch Vehicle 16 Figure-4: On-orbit Configuration of the ALOS 20 Figure-5: Access Control Areas for Launch 21 Figure-6: Impact Areas of the Launch Vehicle 22 Figure-7: ALOS Flight Plan 24 Figure-8: ALOS Footprint 25 Figure-9: ALOS Tracking and Control System 26 - 2 - 1. -
Cooperation in Border Areas Agreement 2011 Prehospital Cross Border Cooperation
Cooperation in border areas Agreement 2011 Prehospital cross border cooperation . Partners − Norrbotten County Council − Helse Nord RHF, Norway − Laplands medical district − Västerbottens medical district − Oulo University hospital district − Västerbotten county council (2014) Contents in the agreement • Includes road ambulances and helicopters in the region. • Life threatning conditions and accident where the resources are insufficient • Only the actual cost for the mission shall be substituted, no individual shall receive any fee Berlevåg Båtsfjord Hasvik Måsöy HEMS in a 30 min action Vardö Hammerfest time Loppa Tana Vadsö Lakselv Kirkenes Alta HEMS Kåfjord Utsijoki Skibotn 30 min Nordkjosbotn Karasjok 30 min Kilpisjärvi Kautokeiono Inari Evenes Bjerkvik Enontekiö HEMS Narvik Mounio Kittilä Vittangi Kiruna 30 min Kolari Fauske Pajala Pellosenniemi Rognan HEMS Salla Beiarn Gällivare Rovaniemi Pello Jokkmokk Övertorneå HEMS 30 min Ylitorneå Överkalix Ppsio Arjeplog Brännösund Arvidsjaur Kalix Ranua Mo i rana HEMS Haparanda 30 min Älvsbyn Finland Tärnaby 30 min Field commanderunit A-level 30 min B-level Transport unit Lycksele HEMS Project cross-border cooperation . The project starts 2012 - 2014. The aim for the project is to develop the agreement. 2012 – Focus on collection of information, areas in need of development, working groups and meeting . 2013- Exercises, workshops and training with focus on medical management together with Finland and Norway . 2014- Exercises and training with focus on guidelines Areas in focus for the project − Need for upgrading alarm procedure between Sweden and Finland − Need for extended radio communication between resources in our countries − Need for better maps in the border areas − Need for improved collaboration and knowledge − Medical command and Control at Incidents − Trauma care procedures Completed activities .