Additional Lessons T1 Relationships We use Auditory .

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board: on the Write several students of pairs Assign A good summary would be: Touch Touch be: would A good summary Read the text with students and and students text with the Read What is (the title of the story)? of the title (the is What Touch is an important sense important an is Touch board, poster marker, cards, index a nonfiction choose students Have write will they that students Tell the without board the on Write would you want to include in a summary of this of this a summary in include to want you would passage? it to communicate with other people. A hug is one one is A hug people. other with communicate to it also touch of sense Our communicate. we way hot, is something if us tell can It danger. of us warns or prickly. sharp, form help would that phrases key the underline Say, a summary. communicate to use we that sense important an is danger. of us warns also that and Practice Guided touch. and taste, smell, hearing, sight, are senses Messages work? senses your how know Do you skin and mouth, nose, ears, eyes, your from travel what brain your tell messages These brain. your to you. around happening is Practice it. for summary a write and article masking tape summaries of familiar stories and compile them them compile and stories familiar of summaries game. trivia a reverse into Practice Guided write them Have summarize. to stories familiar cards. on index 2 or 3 sentences in summaries their facedown them Attach summaries. the Compile Have board. a game create to board poster the to a ask must they which in a game play students choose them Have “answer.” the on based question them have Then summary. the aloud Read a card. respond with, Reverse SummaryReverse Game Materials Explain Summarize Explain underlining: Does Does Summarize a text, including only important information important only a text, including Summarize What important important What Comprehension Skill Comprehension Objective: Objective: a draw board, On the page 542 and guide students to to students guide and 542 page When I read, I look for the most most the for I look I read, When Student Book Student

important the you tell students Have when they that students Remind Say, Say,

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Constructive Feedback difficulty important identifying have If students to questions themselves ask them have events, story. the in ideas main find the Summarize events that happened on page 543. happened that events Practice Guided Practice Guided important parts and keep track of them. On page of them. track parts keep and important my add to parts to important for look I’ll 542, going One is Emilio that summary. is important thing is thing important Another card. library get his to English. his understand will one no afraid he’s that and 543 one on page the like chart summarizing so far. it in write to what you tell students have Ask, 543. page aloud Then read to important it Is page? on this happened things the include to important it Is library? the describe dialogue? Model begin summarizing. summarize, they should include only the the only include should they summarize, interesting are Details parts a story. of important aloud Read a summary. in belong do not but Student Book Materials Explain Intervention/Remediation T2 Additional Lessons from what they have read sofar. characters of the King, the Frog, and the Princess 565. Have students tell what they know about the Practice and scampered home? you about the princess when she snatched the ball nice to the frog? Why orwhy not? What does it tell Ask and discuss questions, such as, Guided Practice spoiled. be might the ball, so Ithink that she really likes the ball and she lost her golden ball. She also cried when she lost Model they can make about the princess’s character. on page and 564 ask students what judgment about characters. Read the Narrator’s speech first experiences, can help them make judgments with what students know from their own say and do. The characters’ actions, combined the characters in by astory evaluating what they Explain Materials Intervention/Remediation Make Judgments traits that describe those actions. those describe that traits and what they say. Then help them write character characters, have them list the characters’ actions If students have trouble making judgments about Feedback Constructive attributes they could give to that person. character to apersonthey know and think of about characters, have them compare the If students have making judgments difficulty Feedback Constructive Say, Remind students that they learn about Read aloud column the first onpage Student Book I think that the princess is careless since Read to the endofpage 564. Comprehension Skill Objective: Is the princess Make judgments aboutcharacters intext Explain Make Judgments innocence ofthe villain. review the evidence, and decide onthe guilt or witnesses. Thenhave them adopt the role of jury, out atrial, complete with evidence, charts, and of defender. Have students work together to act role of prosecutor and the other team the role students into teams. two Assign one team the a mock trial of the story’s villain. Organize tale with avillain. Tell students they will conduct Guided Practice trial to make judgments about acharacter. Explain Materials Court Classroom Guided Practice because she has studied for it for along time. can also tell that she wants to dowell onthe test She falls asleep because she is really tired. We Explain that we can tell that Gina is ahard worker. at her desk. Now it is getting late, and she has fallen asleep test tomorrow. She has studied for it all evening. each oftheir choices. would make goodfriends. Have them explain from stories in the Practice does this tell you about her character? kind person? Mrs.Sosa says “please” to Hector. What What does Mrs. Sosa do that tells us that she is a Could you come back in aminute, please?” and Hector walks in the room. She says, Hector! “Hi, birthday week. She next begins to wrap the gift, not want him to know about the present before his fora gift Hector. Hector likes surprises, and she does Write onthe board: Tell students they will conduct amock Have students make alist of characters text of a fairy tale withanobvious tale villain ofafairy text Read the sentences with students. Read aloud afamous fairy Read aloud: Student Book Student Auditory Auditory Gina has aspelling Mrs. SosaMrs. bought that they think think they that Ask, Additional Lessons T3 Relationships . Ask . Ask Auditory false or true Squirrels are pests pests are Squirrels . Distribute them them . Distribute false

Auditory and and cards index Label several the discuss to students Ask Read the text with students. students. text with the Read true index cards, markers (fluffy, cute, crazy, all, like a racetrack) like all, crazy, cute, (fluffy,

one statement make students Have to listen will they students Tell board: on the Write statements and decide whether they are true true are they whether decide and statements or false. Practice Guided words the with True or False? Materials Explain Fact and Opinion Explain wires chew look fluffy They just that cute. and attic Our crazy. parents my drive They wood. and squirrels those all with a racetrack like sounds around. running only the is sentence second the that them Tell by true be proved a fact. can is It that sentence squirrels. observing the Practice Guided words the circle them have and sentences other express sentences the that show that phrases and opinions. the rest of the class to identify the statement as as statement identify the to class the of rest the reasoning. their explain and or false true randomly to some students. Have each student student each Have some students. to randomly based a statement up make a card holding is who reads or her card his on whether Practice one and or know have a pet they factof about opinion. of statement Why do you do Why Distinguish between fact and opinion in text in opinion between fact and Distinguish and so on, and (fact) (by looking in record record in looking (by Objective: Objective: Comprehension Skill Comprehension gives me a clue that this is is this that a clue me gives never first the two aloud Read How can you prove the information information the prove you can How

The first sentence of this paragraph paragraph of this first sentence The Student Book Student

on page first the paragraph aloud Read facts are that students Remind (many)

Is this a fact or opinion? opinion? or a fact this Is Say, Say,

many, most, all, most, beautiful, fantastic, many, that signal statements of opinion. Constructive Feedback frame identify opinions, to unable are If students such words, clue descriptive to attention call and as

Constructive Feedback facts, identifying have trouble have If students the way any is if there themselves ask them reading, by either can be proved, statement observing, someone. or asking researching, Fact and OpinionFact 598. Have students listen for a statement of opinion opinion of a statement for listen students Have 598. be proved. cannot it think they why explain and Practice Model statements that can be proved to be true. be true. to be proved can that statements to have not does that a belief is opinion An first the facts. aloud Read by be supported on page 597. paragraph true? is sentence second the in Materials Explain Intervention/Remediation Guided Practice Guided sentences in the second paragraph. Ask, paragraph. second the in sentences a is word What an opinion? is first sentence the think clue word that tells you this is something that someone believes? is a fact. It can be proved true by reading historical historical reading by true be proved can It a fact. is an is paragraph in this sentence last The accounts. opinion. The word books) something that the author believes. No one can prove prove can No one believes. author the that something imagine. could past of the captains sea the what T4 Additional Lessons She says recycling is fun; she has fun working.) (She herpaintbrush flicks at Danny; she is playful. and tell what those things say about her character. Have them what identify Emma says and does Practice character? her about says “Great idea” to Danny, what does that tell you What does Danny say about Emma? When Emma Ask, traits. 607 and have students discuss Emma’s character Guided Practice to out find about her character. a partner. She is working with Danny. I’ll read more be creative. Ican also tell that she likes to work with something different. That tells me that she likes to Model think about Emma’s character traits. actions. Read aloud page 606 and have students reader understand and acharacter’s predict Analyzing how acharacter behaves helps a they should think about the characters’ traits. Explain Materials Intervention/Remediation Analyze Character tell what the characters say and do. ask them to examples find in the passage that If students have trouble finding character traits, Feedback Constructive Emma. describe have students choose from among them to traits, brainstorm common character traits and If students describing have character difficulty Feedback Constructive Say, Remind students that as they read, Have students read the rest of the story. Student Book How does Emma getalong with Danny? Emma says that she wants to to try do Read the left column Read the left onpage Comprehension Skill Objective: Identify and analyze character traits character analyze and Identify

does Carla do?does Visual a character web to show the character’s traits. theyfrom astory have previously read and use Practice supportive.) tell you about her character? say? she you upuntil you can ride onyour own.” You’ll figure this out. again. Let’s Here, try I’ll hold bike. She ran over to him and said, “Don’t worry! board: Guided Practice that Kari is shy because she whispers her name. sentences with students. Explain that we can tell Mrs. Raines said. “We’re all friends here.” that she could only whisper her name. “Come in,” Raines. What is your name?” Kari was so frightened classmates. Her teacher said, “My name is Mrs. stood at the classroom door and looked at her new Explain Character characters’ identities. identities. characters’ their clues aloud and having the class guess the character traits. Students can take turns reading riddles as clues for each character, listing their each student choose one. Have them write characters’ names onslips of paper and have tales and list them onthe board. Then place the characters from favorite tales fairy and folk Guided Practice character traits. character from afavorite tale and fairy list Explain Materials Riddles Character Carla saw her little brother fall from the (She encourages him.) Write this passage onthe board: Tell students they will choose a Have students choose acharacter paper, pencil,slipsofpaper

(She helps herbrother.) Write this paragraph onthe Have students brainstorm Auditory

(She is helpful and

What does this Ask, Ask, What does does What Read the the Read What What Kari Kari Additional Lessons T5 Relationships Why do the the do Why (The hot springs springs (The hot

Auditory small into students Organize Guide paragraph. the Reread Kinesthetic Because Iceland is surrounded by water, water, by surrounded is Iceland Because playing cards playing and board on the paragraph this Write construct will they students Tell on the sentences following the Write Explain that one effect is that people live people live one effect that that is Explain Iceland is an unusual place. The climate is is climate The place. an unusual is Iceland houses of cards to identify cause-and-effect to of cards houses relationships. Practice Guided As students cards. of houses make to groups to them encourage houses, the construct cause-and-effect the describe relationships say, might they example, For actions. their of tower the piece, a supporting I removed “Because collapsed.” Cause-and-Effect Games Materials Explain Cause and Effect Explain board: in people live most so east, and north the in terrible and everywhere are springs Hot west. and south the the for heating cheap provide to possible it make citizens. difficult the is cause The west. and south the in east. north and the in climate Practice Guided and cause another identify aloud to students Ask, effect sentences. the from islanders have cheap heating? cheap have islanders provide hot water, and they are everywhere.) are they and water, hot provide Practice one cause least at identify aloud students have effect:and growing the Since industry. main the is fishing vegetables root and hay only short, quite is season comes food of Iceland’s most why is That well. grow countries. other from Identify cause and effect and Identifycause (They (They

Why did this this did Why Objective: Objective: ect (The swim makes (The makes swim Why do you think they they think you do Why

(They scared.) feel Comprehension Skill Comprehension on paragraph second the Read What happened? What In this passage, I think about what what about I think passage, In this What do the ponies do at first? at do ponies the do What Student Book Student When they want to find out the effect, find the out to want When they

two last the read students Have why is a cause that students Remind Say, Say,

Constructive Feedback have cause, the out figure cannot If students to know they what and story clues use them form an answer. they can ask, ask, can they happen? Constructive Feedback the identifying trouble have If students themselves, ask them have cause, Cause and Eff paragraphs of the selection and explain why the the why explain selection and the of paragraphs pony swim is so important. Practice Model something happens. An effect is what happens as as effect An happens what happens. is something the to be clear might These cause. the of a result first the Read be inferred. need to or may reader, have and 634–635 on pages paragraphs three effect. and a cause for listen students Materials Explain Intervention/Remediation head back into the trees? trees? the into back head the controls sold. This are ponies and money number of ponies on the island.) Guided Practice Guided happened. Emergency services were needed. That is is That needed. were services Emergency happened. were services The needed? they were Why effect. the the is That out. broke fires terrible because needed cause. and a cause for listen students have and 635 page effect. Ask, head back into the trees.) the into back head T6 Additional Lessons meaning, ordenotation. think of the word word the of think connotation, orwhat they think of when they Have students read the word and tell the like to spend too much) denotation of the words Practice Guided Practice or not usual.” connotation ofthe word. The denotation is “strange smells, and other weird experiences. That is the peculiar. Iremember things like strange noises, odd were that past the in of thought I’ve that things of Model peculiar think about the connotation and denotation of paragraphstwo onpage 542 and have students denotation is the word’s meaning. Read the first the feeling that one gets from acertain word. The Explain Materials Intervention/Remediation Connotation and Denotation and Connotation meaning in the for dictionary denotation. a word web for the connotation and lookup the connotation and denotation, have them develop If students have trouble distinguishing between Feedback Constructive thinkingremember aboutthe word. they things of have think them Then dictionary. the denotation, have them lookup the word in first If students have trouble with connotation and Feedback Constructive Say, . Remind students that connotation is Have students tell the connotation and Student Book, dictionary When I hear the word hear When I Objective: Write Write stingy Vocabulary Strategy Vocabulary . Then have them tell the stingy (someone who doesn’t chef Understand the difference connotation between and denotation and onthe board. peculiar home . , Ithink web. web. choose the word that goes in the middle of each their concept webs and have their classmates index cards onthe chalk rail. Have read partners out the word in the middle circle. Thenplace the think are related to the word. Have them leave of construction paper, writing words that they them draw aconcept web for the word onapiece and you hear this word? What words orfeelings do you think about when wants his orher own way all the time) the meaning of this word? Guided Practice “an educator in charge of aschool.” announcer.an might think of such words as that when peoplethink of aschool principal, they Explain Denotation and Connotation such as: such feelings that students can write connotations for, Guided Practice words. concept webs that contain connotations for Explain Materials WordsMystery Auditory words that explain connotation and denotation. politician Practice denotation? the connotation? shopping Visual athlete, movie star, championship, sports, Write onthe board: Tell students that they will draw . Have work partners together to write Write the following word onthe board: index cards, construction paper, construction cards, index markers (the definition) (the . Give onecard to and partners have But the denotation, or meaning, is (the feeling words) Write onthe board: Write words that evoke strong (Answers will vary.) will (Answers (a bossy personwho

authority, the boss, boss, the authority, principal Which is the

What is . Explain Which is bully . Ask, . Ask,

Additional Lessons T7 Relationships

and and hard The band The Auditory . Erase . Erase What two words words two What Explain that the (quickly, slowly) (quickly,

hard Ask, Ask, and ask students to to students ask and

slowly carefully, softly, good, happily, good, happily, softly, carefully, . Read the sentence aloud and and aloud sentence the . Read board: on the Write students with work Have and and easy (carelessly, roughly, bad, sadly, cold, cold, bad, sadly, roughly, (carelessly, Story Starters Story quickly is an antonym for for antonym an is for students suggest antonyms Have rephrase will students that Explain on the sentence following the Write The test was not very hard. hard. very not was test The easy Auditory

Guided Practice Guided antonyms? are sentence the in marched quickly along, and the baton twirlers twirlers baton and the along, quickly marched behindfollowed slowly. them Exchange Exchange Hearing the Opposite Materials Explain opposite. the state to sentences Practice Guided a story encourage starter and them partners. Give The aloud. two stories tell to collaborate to them a sentence. story with the first partner begins retelling a turn, partner takes other Then the antonyms many as including but sentence, the a totally mean sentence the make to possible as may one student example, For thing. different other the and day” sunny and a clear “On say, night.” dreary and a dark “On say, would student story. original the with The first partner continues antonyms with it retells partner other the Then complete. are two stories the until Antonyms Explain board: word replace it with with it replace tell how the sentence has changed. has sentence the how tell Practice words: following the wet. warm, explain that the new word changes the meaning meaning the changes word new the that explain sentence. of the dry) Identify and use antonyms use Identify and

lost. lost. are are Hot lost lost generous, generous, (selfish,

and Objective: Objective: Then have students students Then have What word has the the has word What

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first the five lines read students Have are that words that students Remind are examples of antonyms. Read the first the Read antonyms. of examples are Say, Say,

cold Constructive Feedback have antonyms, determine cannot If students to dictionary the in words the look up them find also first. can They meaning find the out a thesaurus. in antonyms Constructive Feedback antonyms, finding trouble have If students themhave ask themselves,

opposite meaning? opposite Antonyms paragraph on page 564 and have students listen listen students have 564 and on page paragraph for antonym an for and Model first column the in lines three last the read are that two find words and the 565 on page antonyms. on page 565. Have them find a word that is an an is that find a word them Have 565. on page for antonym Practice opposite in meaning are called antonyms. antonyms. called are meaning in opposite Materials Explain Intervention/Remediation antonyms. antonyms. Practice Guided graceful. remembered, read the last eight lines on page 564. Have them them Have 564. on page lines eight last the read word. each for antonym an for listen That is the opposite of opposite the is That forgotten, bumbling) bumbling) forgotten, T8 Additional Lessons cities and states.) and cities the two sets of words related? such as Sacramento orLos Angeles) ______is to California. California. to ______is have students complete it: Practice hive somewords.between We could say that Explain Materials Intervention/Remediation How are these pairsofwords related? (in the water) –water, car–road. Ask, Guided Practice the animals live. setstwo ofwords together is that they where explain a hive, and abear lives in aden. What brings these I think how they relate to each other. Abeelives in Model words are places where the words first are found.) to Analogies that lead them to the connection. the to them lead that to analogies, then ask them leading questions If students have making connections difficulty Feedback Constructive connections. concrete analogies, use visual aids to help them make If students have understanding difficulty Feedback Constructive stone as as Say, bear as as Explain that there are relationships Write this phrase onthe board and Student Book pants is to When Isee pairs ofwords in analogies,

Where do you find acar? are to den Write onthe board: vessel . We can also say that Objective: Where do you find avessel? (name ofCalifornia city, Vocabulary Strategy Vocabulary trousers Miami is to Florida as

(They both(They name . Recognize and complete analogy word relationships

Ask, Ask, (The second

(on aroad) How are bee rock is to is is

would goonthe blank. Auditory ball soccer : ::______baseball : bat bed ______: :: floor : rug do you use scissors for? board: Guided Practice hurricane : weather :: poodle : ______: poodle :: weather : hurricane necessary, review the analogy symbols. have students discuss how to complete them. If Practice in the blank? you cut bread with? necktie collar is to dog as necktie is to ______. ______. a to is necktie as dog to is collar Explain Analogies share their analogies with their classmates. pictures instead of using words. Thenhave them Have them. for analogies draw them suggest Have them make up their own analogies or Guided Practice analogies. Explain Materials Analogies Picture collar is worn around the neck of a scissors : paper :: bread. ______:: : paper : scissors is worn around aneck ona Write onthe board and read it aloud: Tell students that they will illustrate Write these analogies onthe board and crayons paper ormarkers, (knife) Have partners work together. work Have partners Write this analogy onthe (knife)

(to cut paper) (bedspread) What do you think goes (foot) dog

Explain that What would would What man (dog) Ask, Ask, , and a

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Additional Lessons T9 Relationships Read the the Read He was He was tell us about about us tell Have students students Have The tall skyscrapers skyscrapers tall The

They cut up strips of paper up strips cut They . partners Have work together. board: on the Write Visual What words help describe strutting? strutting? describe help words What Auditory paper, pencils pencils paper, skyscrapers Ask, students have and board on the Write a three- make will they students Tell board: on the Write (tall, more than 30 stories high) stories 30 than more (tall, word crossword puzzle with descriptions as clues. clues. as puzzle descriptions with crossword word Practice Guided from words vocabulary three choose them Have puzzle. Have a crossword in include 5 to Unit puzzle the first, in making words the write them Then have one another. letters cross the sure descriptions. using words the for clues write them blank puzzle drawing the by create can Next, they vocabulary letter of the each one for squares, puzzles with their partners exchange Have word. other partners. Crossword Materials Explain Context CluesContext (Description) Explain high. stories 30 than more buildings were descriptive the how Then explain aloud. sentence words the word word the Guided Practice Guided around, strutting and hips on his hands his putting in person important most the was he like moving the world. (moving with hands on hips in an important way) way) important an in on hips hands with (moving means? word the think you do What dictionary. the in word the of meaning the check Practice of meaning the discuss to clues context use word: underlined the called a covering make to paste in it put and papier mâché. means. (It must be swarms How does that that How does .

Then have them them Then have means? means? Use description clues to identify the meaning of an unfamiliar word unfamiliar of an meaning identify the to clues description Use What words help describe describe help words What collage Vocabulary Strategy glorious . Ask, Then have students look up look up students Then have you as listen students Have (bright yellow) (bright

Are there any words that describe describe that words any there Are Objective: Objective: The words after collage tell me me tell after collage words The glorious Book, 606–607 pp. Student

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Constructive Feedback the out figuring trouble have If students ask them have word, unfamiliar an of meaning themselves, word? unfamiliar this Context Clues (Description) Context bees and congratulated them. congratulated and bees use descriptive words to figure out the meaning meaning the figure out to words descriptive use of Practice see what to glossary the look in can help them figure out the meaning of an an of meaning the out figure them help can on paragraph third the Read word. unfamiliar descriptive for listen students have 606page and of meaning the to clues Model Materials Explain Intervention/Remediation Guided Practice Guided about the word. They say “pictures we cut from from cut we “pictures say They word. the about like. looks a collage what me tells That magazines.” Have 607. on page sixth paragraph the aloud read the tell help that words descriptive for listen them of meaning a glorious color? a glorious what know you help the word in the glossary to check its meaning. its check to glossary the in word the something bright.) something T10 Additional Lessons glossary meaning to reinforce their guesses. trees; the give meaning to give meaning paragraph onpage 635 and lookfor clues that Practice Ask, Model for paragraph clues for last paragraph onpage 634. Have students listen out the meaning of an unfamiliar word. Read the are words in aparagraph that help areader figure Explain Materials Intervention/Remediation glossary to check its meaning. private calm, quiet, place) private) the paragraph that give clues about on page 635. Have students listen for words in Guided Practice descendants the ponies that came before, so Ican assume that a clue about of the ponies ended uponaisland, so this gives me Context Clues (Paragraph) questions to help them figure out the meaning. point out the clues and ask them yes orno If students have using context difficulty clues, Feedback Constructive paragraph talk about the unfamiliar word? themselves, ask have them If students have trouble using paragraph clues, Feedback Constructive What was the island like? Say,

What do you think Remind students that paragraph clues Have students read the second frightened Student Book descendants. Objective: The paragraph says that the ancestors are the ponies onthe island now. threatened Read aloud paragraph the first ) Have students check the Vocabulary Strategy Vocabulary descendants Iknow that ancestors are Have students use the sanctuary Use paragraph clues to figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word . (head back into What words in the

(calm, quiet, quiet, (calm, . means? sanctuary

(a (a . Explain (Paragraph)Context Clues words. words. how they were able to figure out the missing the missing words. Encourage students to explain a volunteer remove the self-stick notes and read the context to predict each missing word. Have a turn reading the paragraph silently, then using students into small groups. Have each group take many of the nouns with self-stick notes. Organize paper about atopic of interest to students. Cover Guided Practice figure out missing nouns in aparagraph. Explain Materials Mask Nouns clues describe. guess and discuss which word the paragraph blank for the vocabulary word and letpartners vocabulary words. Thenhave students leave a containing context clues for oneof their Practice alone) describe the word with students. Ask students what paragraph clues Guided Practice Pole.North forward to what awaited him once he arrived at the the ship. For now, he was alone, but he was looking to them, oranyone else, for the week next while on dock. Hewas sad since he knew he would not talk goodbye to his family and friends gathered at the solo voyage. Once his supplies were loaded,he said Visual Tell students they will use context clues to Write onthe board: Have each student write aparagraph chart paper, chart marker, notes self-stick Auditory Write aparagraph onchart Read the paragraph aloud solo. (not talk to...anyone else, Juan prepared for his Additional Lessons T11 To Relationships Look at the the at Look look students Have Then have them turn to to turn them Then have

What do you think this article article this think you do What Student Book Student look can they that students Tell Constructive Feedback difficulty and skimming have If students headings, captions, the aloud read scanning, the discuss and article, the to introductions Then ask, pictures. is about? find out what this article is about, I look briefly at at I look briefly about, is article this what find out the over look I also pictures. and captions, title, the Looking find out. I can what see to quickly article of time it‘s the about I see quickly, passage this over explorers. Spanish the Practice/Practice Guided Ask, 596–597. pages Book Student at authors how explain to be able should Students figures, keys, notes, subheadings, headings, use of understanding enhance to bibliographies and ideas. key and supporting Skim and Scan and Skim Materials Explain what of idea an get to article an through quickly skimming. called is offers. it This information a text of to elements the at looking is Scanning need. Have you information the contains see if it Say, 594–595. pages at look together students you do type. What blue and headings, pictures, about? is article this think will they else find what and out 598–599 pages passage. the in about learn Study Skills page 587. page 587. Look together read to students Ask Then have students work work students Then have Student Book Recognize features of interviews and use the skim and scan techique to find information to techique scan and skim the use and interviews of features Recognize This interview is between the author author the between is interview This

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(decide ifyou want to lay the images out Remind students that directions are

What do you do next? Student Book Words like

What is the third thing you do? What is the first thing first Have students read and

(paint orcolor then Objective: tell me the Study Skill

Use directions properly friend. Have them retell the directions in order to a choose asetof directions from arecipe book. if you forgot to do step 2? didn’t turn the chicken often? What would happen pieces inpeanut sauce? What would happen ifyou as: the directions in order by asking such questions aloud and discuss the importance of following Guided Practice/Practice that the recipe out works as intended. Explain that the directions are written in order so 3. Grill chicken over and fire turn often. 2. Put chicken pieces onto skewers. 1. Roll chicken pieces in peanut sauce. Satay Chicken board: the way you Write expect. these directions onthe is important ifyou want something to come out Explain Materials Directions complete or-three-step atwo- task. Students should beable to follow directions to them to seewhat happens. Mix up the order and have students follow making apaper airplane, onsentence strips. directions in order for asimple task, such as of keeping the steps in order, then write the not importance students do understand If Feedback Constructive What would happen if you didn’t roll the chicken Tell directions following that students children’s recipebooks Then have students Read the directions Classroom Library T13 Realistic Fiction Realistic for your information your for

characters purposes. Relationships Approaching Level Approaching FYI FYI Genre Genre Two friends, an African American friends, an African Two look boy, and a white boy forward opening the of the to city after pool summer the day, The outlawed. segregation is opening on up show officials boys city that find to only had the pool filledhave with the they walk into Together, tar. where African general store, to are not allowed, Americans pops.buy ice segregated life was 1964, to Prior Americans African South. in the not share schools, drinkingcould hotels,fountains, restaurants, and with whites. other public places Act Civil Rights made The 1964 required also in public discrimination racial It illegal. places equal provide to employers opportunities.employment The supportedbill was President by under and passed Kennedy Share the Johnson. President of the front the at note author’s students. book with Summary Objectives comprehension • Monitor • Identify and describe • Evaluate judgments • Make • for different voluntarily Read At the beginning of the book, I read book, the I read of beginning the At (The two boys are John Henry John and (The are two boys Who are the main characters in the book? How are are How book? the in characters main the are Who more slowly to make sure I understand who the characters characters the who I understand sure make to slowly more always I can be. book might the in problem the what and are on. So far going is what if I find understand I don’t reread two the introduced has The author see a problem. I don’t friends. are who boys, How do you think segregation could affect families and and affect families could segregation think do you How friendships? What do you think it would be like to be denied schooling, a a schooling, denied be to like be would it think you do What are? you who of because stay to or a place meal, MONITOR COMPREHENSION MONITOR STRATEGY Teacher Think Aloud APPLY COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES AND SKILLS APPLY The are following suggestions for dividing the reading into and alouds section, think each For sections. manageable the review to these Use provided. are questions discussion unit. this in taught skills and strategies comprehension Ask students to look at the cover illustration, read the title, and and title, the read illustration, cover the look at to students Ask by mood conveyed the about book. the Talk through page One reading. for set a purpose to students art.the Then tell means. title find the be to out what might purpose ■ PREVIEW SET PURPOSES AND BUILD BACKGROUND Ask explain to volunteers segregation what means. Brainstorm affected be by might that places of kinds the of a list students: Ask segregation. ■ they alike and different? different? and alike they to want Both swim. and marbles shoot to like both They Joe. American Henry John African is up. grow be firemen when they white.) Joe is and Character

1–10 Pages

by Deborah Wiles Wiles Deborah by Freedom Summer Freedom T14 Classroom Library Act It Out It Act only mentioned inthe text. oreventsactivities that are to elaborate onthe boys’ make up additional scenes maystudents want to Ambitious ones. sober early scenes andthelater, thecarefree between show adramatic contrast story. Encourage to actors outthe ofacting task smallgroupsthe Assign Imagine Segregation and John Henry felt. and JohnHenry Joe how to this Relate random distinction. rule based onaseemingly having to following this how feltwhile everyone switch. talkabout Then oftime, period then short Follow the new rulefora can move freely. about oftheclasswhile therest intheclassroom, anything ask permission to do theymust Or the activity. be last, no matter what alwaysone groupmust a randomrule. Perhaps number. make Then up address endsinanodd andthosewhose number address endsinaneven those whoseOr street name andthosewithout. with an“s” inhis orher For example, students groups. the classinto two harmless way to separate aclass,As think ofa Connection Cross–Curricular Connection Cross–Curricular

Pages Pages 21–27 11–20

correctly. to make sure they used comparative and superlative forms visualize the scene. Remind them to rereadtheir writing and feel. Tell them to use words that will help their readers themselves at the scene and write what they see, hear, smell, when the boys reach the pool.Thentell them to put Have students close their eyes and recall what happened It About Write mean. They ruined the poolbecause of prejudice.) the poolto African Americans? John and Joe’s town solved the “problem” ofhaving to open Make Judgments for his little brother by motioning for him to gohome.) what is being done, but hedoes his jobquietly. out Helooks brother? big Character Teacher Think Aloud Think Teacher Aloud Think Teacher ■ ■ ■ these: as such questions using groups small in book the discuss students Listening and Speaking guidelines for adiscussion. Have Use page 174 in the Teacher’s Resource Bookto review CIRCLES LITERATURE STRATEGY STRATEGY EVALUATE MONITOR COMPREHENSION What makes these boys such goodfriends? What words would you use to describe John Henry? Joe? What is the ofthe most book? memorable part Explain. over, it was still not lost. show that, although the fight to endsegregation was not going into Mr. Mason’s store together? Ithink she wanted to Joe and John with story this concluded author the think judgment whenreading and evaluating Why atext. doyou law. new the with to do something run the town suddenlywhat they have just read. Why would the peoplewho fill the pool to to do understand what they decide questions, need and with tar? It musta problem, use self-correction techniques have and generate have they when stop They read. they as comprehension What doyou learn about Will Rogers,John Henry’s (He works onthe(He works road crew. Heis about angry What doyou think of the way the adults in I know I have to call upon my own Good readers monitor their (Possible response: They were Classroom Library T15 describes several describes several Realistic Fiction Realistic is a condition in a condition is means “of the brain,” the brain,” “of means for your information your for

palsy Identify and effect cause texts recognized for quality and literary merit. Relationships On Level On FYI FYI Genre Genre Cerebral palsy Cerebral brain. The disorders of the word cerebral and partswhich body of the move palsy Cerebral uncontrollably. results from brain damage either before birth or shortly afterward. Summary 1920s, Angeles during the In Los of how Jeannie Sloan tells Marguerite she and her sister neighbors,meet new their the the girls Hanisians. In particular, whose Hanisian, befriend Francie her from palsy isolates cerebral riskseveryone Marguerite else. standing teach social her own to an act read and write, to Francie the entire unites which ultimately neighborhood during a very party.special holiday Objectives comprehension • Monitor characters • Identify/describe • judgments; Make Evaluate, • Select, and view respond to, tells the story of the tells I need to use my own judgment judgment own my use I need to Good readers monitor their their monitor Good readers Circle of Giving Circle (Jeannie and Marguerite are the main characters. characters. main the are Marguerite and (Jeannie Who are the main characters in this book? How are are How book? this in characters main the are Who when reading and evaluating a text. I know that characters characters that a text. I know evaluating and reading when may these that and judgments own their a storyin have that book, tell the I can in point this At time. over change with friendship Marguerite’s about doubts has Jeannie change. feelings see if Jeannie’s to reading keep I will Francie. comprehension, especially at the beginning of a new book. I a new of beginning the at especially comprehension, main who the I understand that sure make to slowly read will pay I will place. story takes the where and are characters face. characters these problem the to extra attention How would you learn about your new neighborhood if your if your neighborhood new your about learn you would How that is How today? another to one place from moved family different 1920s? from the EVALUATE MONITOR COMPREHENSION MONITOR STRATEGY STRATEGY Teacher Think Aloud Teacher Think Aloud Follow these divideFollow suggestions to the reading into questions discussion and alouds Think sections. manageable section. each Theseaccompany will help students understand skills. and strategies comprehension the review and APPLY COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES AND SKILLS APPLY PREVIEW SET PURPOSES AND predict some and page contents the look at to students Ask for set a purpose them Have novel. of the events main of the reading, the such why book’s as discovering title is also the title of the final chapter. ■ BUILD BACKGROUND Explain students to that they related? sisters.) are They Character characters who have recently moved into a neighborhood a neighborhood into moved recently who have characters many ago, 80 years over time, that During 1920s. the during that a chart Create a mystery. remained disabilities physical studentsallows suggest to differences between “then” and students: Ask “now.”

1–5 6–9

by Ellen Howard Circle Giving of Chapters Chapters T16 Classroom Library characters withinthenovel.characters might have influenced discuss how thesethings They canthen period. associatedetc.) with the (games, songs, fashion, events trends andpopular research to Internet the or books, history almanacs, 1920s. Have students use in Los Angelesduring the Circle ofGivingtakes place Signs of the Times ofthe Signs given inChapter 14. matches thedescription thatwrapping paper mightstudents also create theyhave If time, story. meaningwithinthe its demonstrates that way a in gift the recreate to andpaints use paper Chapter 17. Tell themto to hermotherin gift description ofFrancie’s Have rereadthe students The Gift Connection Cross–Curricular Connection Cross–Curricular

Chapters Chapters 10–14 15–18

they have adjectives used and adverbs properly. they see, smell, hear,should use vivid words to setthe scene and describe what and feel. Remindabout what they gift might have given to him orher. They them to makeparty. Have acharacter them select from the and sure story write Tell students to put themselves at the scene ofthe holiday It About Write toward her? her? toward changed the after How party? their does this behavior affect Character realizes that Francie and Marguerite care about how she feels.) (She finally understands what Francie is saying to her and losing the tournament jacks into happiness and excitement? Cause andEffect overcome herdisabilities deserves their support.) to will strong her that and writing and reading, speaking, Teacher Think Aloud Think Teacher Aloud Think Teacher to change the way peoplethink about Francie’s disability.) her own social standing, it is appropriate because it may begin and write? decision whenshe made up hermind to teach Francie to read Make Judgments ■ ■ questions as prompts for the small groups. Listening and Speaking guidelines for adiscussion. Use these Use page 174 in the Teacher’s Resource Bookto review CIRCLES LITERATURE STRATEGY STRATEGY EVALUATE MONITOR COMPREHENSION neighborhood after theneighborhood holiday after party? How doyou think life will change in the Sloan’s What does the author mean by a“circle ofgiving?” can behelped. I’ll keep reading to seehow the ends. story wants to inform readers about how peoplewith disabilities the author’s purpose here is to entertain. Ithink she also persuade, orentertain. Although this Idon’t think is fiction, what they might mean. understand me help and lookfor clues in the surrounding sentences that may have that words, unfamilar text of any sections reread and might come across words and terms Idon’t know. Ican stop How have the neighbors’ impressions ofFrancie (Students may say that, although Marguerite risks (They realize(They that Francie can express herselfby What turns Jeannie’s disappointment over Do you think Marguerite made the right I know that authors write to inform, As Iread this section of I the book,

Classroom Library T17

Frindle, are other Realistic Fiction Realistic for your information your for

Don’t smile until Christmas. until Don’t smile The School Story characters authors of well-known grade- texts.level Relationships Beyond Level Beyond FYI FYI Genre Genre The Landry Boy, News, Janitor’s and Summary and learns eavesdrops Drake Jake doesn’t teacher student their that smile because a following she is rule: goal to it his He then makes her smile. He becomes the make but he goes far too clown, class trouble with his and getsinto very who is teacher, classroom disappointed in him. appears Drake in several Jake a Clements, Andrew by novels who specializeswriter in writing and clever, about intelligent, kids.engaging school popular titles. Objectives comprehension • Monitor • Identify and describe • Evaluate • Summarize • Be familiar with titles and

(He learns that she she that (He learns As I read this section, I find out why I find section, why out this As I read At the beginning of the book, I read book, the I read of beginning the At (Jake is intelligent, friendly, and a bit a bit and friendly, intelligent, is (Jake What does Jake learn about Miss Bruce when he Bruce Miss about learn Jake does What Describe the main character in the book. What book. What the in character main the Describe the student teacher doesn’t smile and what she thinks of of thinks she what and smile doesn’t teacher student the visualize to I want because slowly more a little I read Jake. the scene. fourth-grade class. I get an idea of what kind of boy Jake is. Jake boy of kind characters the who I understand sure what make to slowly more of idea an get I his and Jake about I learn about. all story is the what and are class. fourth-grade What advice would you give a new teacher? a new give you would advice What What are some good ways to behave when you have a a have you when behave to ways good some are What Why? teacher? or a student substitute MONITOR COMPREHENSION MONITOR MONITOR COMPREHENSION MONITOR STRATEGY STRATEGY Teacher Think Aloud Teacher Think Aloud APPLY COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES AND SKILLS APPLY The are following suggestions for dividing the reading into and alouds section, think each For sections. manageable the review to these Use provided. are questions discussion unit. this in taught skills and strategies comprehension ■ PREVIEW SET PURPOSES AND and title, the read illustration, cover the look at to students Ask be a serious will this think book. the Do students through page reading, for set a purpose students Have book? or a humorous clown. class the considered is Jake find why to out as such Brainstorm a list of words that students associate with teachers teachers with associate students that words of BUILD BACKGROUND list a Brainstorm student to apply words the all whether Discuss teaching. and as well as moreteachers experienced teachers. Ask students: ■ thought he was funny even though she doesn’t smile in class; class; in smile doesn’t she though even funny he was thought not a rule has she that learns He also a “cutie.” he’s thinks she Christmas.) until smile to overhears her conversation in the library? library? the in her conversation overhears Character do you think he wants? wants? he think you do funny.) is he think to kids other the He wants goofy. Character

1–3 4–6

by Andrew Clements Clements Andrew by Jake Drake Class Clown Class Drake Jake Chapters Chapters T18 Classroom Library and report to theclass. and report research aclown school Have interested students able to dotheir jobs well. qualities they need to be what teachers doandwhat come to anagreement on group’s aclass, As ideas. each grouppresent the have from aspokesperson their discussions. Then that summarize with lists these issues andcome up of students to talk about have? smallgroups Assign qualities shouldateacher What doteachers do? What to theclass. and report research aclown school Have interested students have seen. they clowns sharestoriesstudents of Let theirskills. to perfect do. trainandpractice They seriously as other people bitastheir work every take clowns Professional forclowns. schools actually Tell students that there are Career Clowning asa Career a as Teaching Connection Cross–Curricular Connection Cross–Curricular

Chapters Chapter 8–9 7

their writing to make sure they used help their readers visualize the scene. Remind them to reread see, hear, smell, and feel. Tell them to use words that will them to putthemselves in the scene and write what they when Jake burps and then tells about the frog. Thentell Have students close their eyes and recall what happened It About Write she handled the situation.) Students may say that she showed she was in charge by how Brattle handles the situation? Why? Make Judgments cries and runs out ofthe room.) chapter? Summarize Teacher Think Aloud Think Teacher Aloud Think Teacher ■ ■ ■ ■ these: as such questions using groups small in book the discuss students Listening and Speaking guidelines for adiscussion. Have Use page 174 in the Teacher’s Resource Bookto review CIRCLES LITERATURE STRATEGY STRATEGY EVALUATE EVALUATE Do you think this is arealistic situation? Why or why not? How does Mrs.Brattle handle the situation? teachers? until Christmas? What doyou think ofthis advice for new How does Jake getthe information about not smiling What doyou think of Jake? Doyou think heis funny? Explain. takes care of Jake too. Jake of care takes Mrs. Brattle is able to make Miss Bruce feel and better she meant to show us that being agoodteacher is ahard job. about what the author might to betrying tell us. Ithink he story, I’m not really sure how Miss Bruce feels about Jake. takes place is seemthrough his eyes. At this point in the is told from Jakes’s point of view, soIknow everything that suspicious of biasesI know Ihave to call upon my own judgment, and be and techniques of persuasion. This story (Jake causes chaos in the room by burping. Miss Bruce What important events story take place in this What doyou think about the way Mrs. As Iread the last chapters, two Ithink When evaluating a text or story (Responses will vary. will (Responses more and and most correctly. Theme Bibliography T19

Chicago Theater Theater . A “how-to” A “how-to”

The story of Wilder was Wilder was The Yellow The Yellow

Candlewick A variety of On Stage: Theater Kids Take the Stage. the Take Kids Shakespeare: His His Shakespeare: Break a Leg! The Thornton Wilder. Thornton Millbrook, 2003. An inspiring introductionAn inspiring Reaching for the Sun: WEEK 2 WEEK Relationships improvisation, backstageimprovisation, life,

Peachtree, 2000. 2000. Peachtree, yellow arm band during WWII as an act act an as WWII wearing a in courage king’s a Danish during band arm yellow of solidarity Jewish subjects. with his to Cuba to Describes the experiences of a group travel who children of and performwrite with a Cuban a play group. theater children’s Back Stage Books, 1997. book about for children stagecraft and putting on a play. Chelsea House, 2002. the extraordinary dramatize able to of his things about ordinary life. Two and “The Skin of Our “Ourplays, Town” are examined. Teeth,” BEYOND Marx, Trish. Cuba. in Kids ON LEVEL Peterson, Lenka. ON LEVEL Harold. Bloom, BEYOND Michael. Rosen, Star. APPROACHING Bany-Winters, Lisa. Games and Activities for Kids. Press, 1997. Review the mind and games stimulates theater the stageprepares children for APPROACHING Friedman, Lise. Kid’s Guide to Acting and Stagecraft. Publishing,Workman 2002. games, and miming are addressed in this book about stagecraft. APPROACHING andWork His World. Press, 2001. of all writers one of the greatest to with a focustime, his on some of plays. Deedy, Carmen Agra. Agra. Carmen Deedy,

A Dial, Dial, Provides 2003. Introduces a Introduces Peter Bedrick The New Library Lil. Tomas, whose Dutton, 1996. The Tale of The Tale The Inside-OutsideThe Library. Reveals the inner the Reveals That’s Our Librarian. WEEK 1 WEEK Tomas and the LibraryTomas Scholastic, 1998. A concerned librarian makes librarian makes A concerned Knopf, 1997. 1997. Knopf, York Public LibraryYork Kid’s Guide to Research. use libraries and to on how guidance their resources. Illustrations and textIllustrations all kinds present of libraries, such as home libraries and the Library of Congress. BEYOND Deborah. Heiligman, BEYOND family works laborers, as migrant finds explorea whole to new world the at local public library. 2000. Books, workings of a large public library by examining different departments, the equipment used, the duties of the and librarians. Morris, Ann. ON LEVEL Roxie. Munro, Libraries. of Book readers not only out of television but also out of a tough- watchers, talking motorcycle gang. APPROACHING John. Malam, ON LEVEL 2003. Press, Millbrook Mora, Pat. Lady. APPROACHING Williams, Suzanne. 1997. school librarian and describes she what does during the school day. DiCamillo, Kate. BEYOND Despereaux. Candlewick, servant deals with the small mouse girl be a princess, to who longs he loves, bring to who is determined and a rat them all down. By the Authors and Illustrators Additional Readings: Additional Related to the Theme Related T20 Theme Bibliography ** * Main from Selection Student Book Classroom Library Title Library Classroom BEYOND BEYOND withthenatives. interactions through Texas andMexico, andhis Describes Cabeza de Vaca’s travels Vaca. de Cabeza of Journey TheRemarkable Nothing: Stuart. Waldman, BEYOND Titanic. ofthe resulted thewreck inlocating the manwhosenumerousexplorations Titanic. the WhoDiscovered Oceanographer Christine. Hill, ONLEVEL discoveries he made. andthe to theNorthwest, passage Hudson’sHenry Mikaya Press, 1999. Hudson. TheVoyages ofHenry of Ice: Goodman, Joan E. ONLEVEL his stubbornness. captures theexplorer’s vision as well as Columbus’s voyages, theauthor 1980. Putnam, You’re Columbus? Christopher Going, ** Fritz, Jean. APPROACHING France. of landfortheKing and claimed 2001. of theMississippi. theConquest and LaSalle Obstacles: Goodman, Joan E. APPROACHING to theexpedition. introduction good 1997. and Clark. ofLewis TheAdventures the West: Schanzer, Rosalyn. APPROACHING the eye ofthestorm! takes you into For Kids TIME blizzards, winter to thunderstorms summer Harper, 2005. Storms! KIDS: FOR TIME Kids. for TIME of Editors The explorers’ journalsprovideThe explorers’ a La Salle explored several rivers Salleexplored La Enslow, 1999. National Geographic, WEEK 3 Where doYouWhere Think

Robert Ballard: Robert In thisaccount of attempts to find a a find to attempts Mikaya Press, 2003. Mikaya Press, We Asked for for We Asked Beyond the Sea Sea the Beyond all Despite How We Crossed WeHow Crossed The story of story The A biography of From From

her paintings. illustrations that feature imagesfrom and text O’Keefe, withapoetic Georgia to thelifeandworkof An introduction APortrait. Georgia: APPROACHING APPROACHING Winter, Jeanette. APPROACHING in herseventies. to paint whenshestarted adult years, throughher childhood from artist biography thatillustrated follows the Moses. Alexandra. Wallner, APPROACHING illustrations. beautiful and inthetext rendered powerfully andtheotherwhite, isblack is whom oneof boys, two between friendship Summer. Jerome. Lagarrigue, ** BEYOND BEYOND intheworld. was happening theevents inherlifewithwhat links of Kahlo, andincludesatimelinethat 2003. Watts, Laidlaw, Jill A. BEYOND in AmericaandEngland. ofdinosaurs models who builtthefirst 2001. of Waterhouse Hawkins. Kerley,** Barbara. ONLEVEL traditioninart. anddefied poverty into ofamanwhowasborn story 2001. Books, Foster Frances aMountain. WhoPainted The Man ** Ray, Deborah Kogan. ONLEVEL Lavender Mist 1950his famous canvas, abstract biography, Pollackbook paints Jackson Greenberg, Jan. Roaring Brook, 2002. Roaring Brook, An account of the Victorian artist artist An account oftheVictorian Holiday House, 2004. Atheneum, 2001. Atheneum, WEEK 4 . Discusses the life and art thelifeandart Discusses Frida Kahlo. Action Jackson. Action My Name is is My Name Harcourt, 1998. Harcourt, The Dinosaurs The Dinosaurs Grandma In this picture Freedom Freedom Scholastic, Hokusai: Hokusai: Franklin Franklin The The A short Ashort

APPROACHING APPROACHING ride them. behavior,characteristics, andhow to suchastheirphysical horses, about House, 2003. Gail. Gibbons, APPROACHING 2003. Boyds Mills, Mustang. American the for A Dream Joy. Crowley, ONLEVEL means to raisetheircattle. the environment by usinginnovative protect ranchers contemporary three Boyds Mills, 2002 Cris. Peterson, wild horses. herdof ahomeforpenned-up find BEYOND BEYOND isdetailed. adapted and survived an account has ofhow themustang behavior ofmustangs and is observed, Known. Ryden, Hope. BEYOND evolution, behavior, and their that examines horses about Kindersley, 2003. Juliet. Clutton-Brock, ONLEVEL Horses. Lester, Julius. ONLEVEL andusesofhorses. thehistory about statements Discusses trueandfalse Book of Horses. Lauber, Patricia. to take them to the corral. the to them take to himenough andtheytrust mustangs, cowboy is accepted by a herd of wild Dial Books, 1998. Clarion, 1999. WEEK 5 Where Horses Run Free: Free: Run Horses Where Presents information Wild Horses IHave Horses Wild Black CowboyBlack Wild Horses. Amazing Grazing. HarperCollins, 2000. The True-or- False . This describes how describes . This A photo essay A photo A

cowboy vows to to vows cowboy Holiday Horse. The social social The

importance. A black A black Dorling

Awards T21

winner

Century Harvest Harvest winner of Extra Cheese, Please! Cheese, Extra Jerome Lagarrigue Alvis Upitis Jerome Lagarrigue, Cris Peterson, and (1995) for for (1995) and Claire Hartfield Cris Peterson Me and Uncle Romie 608 p. 5, Unit by Illustrated by Smithsonian Book (2002), Notable Junior Library Guild Choice Illustrator: a New for Award King Scott Coretta the of Artist (2002) Horses:Wild Black Hills Sanctuary 636 p. 5, Unit by Illustrated by Best (2003) Society Ten Book Critics Author: American Women in Agriculture “Woman “Woman Agriculture in Women American Farm Wisconsin (2002); Year” the of and (2000) Year the Book of Bureau for Award Women’s Bureau Farm Ohio for (2000) Literature Children’s Farm; on a Family Years Hundred One Farm: Ohio Farm Bureau Women’s Award for for Award Women’s Bureau Farm Ohio for (1996) Literature Children’s Year

winner of of winner National Book National

The Tiger Rising; Tiger The The Library Dragon; Library The Selection Honors, Renato Alarcão Renato Bill Farnsworth Prizes, and Awards The Yellow Star: The Legend of Legend The Star: Yellow The Carmen Agra Deedy, Kate DiCamillo, Carmen Agra Deedy Agra Carmen Kate DiCamillo the Jane Addams Peace Association Association Peace Addams Jane the Christopher the (2001), Honor Book Award Ragazzi Award Bologna (2001), Award Gold Award Choice Parents’ and (2001), for (2000) Denmark X of Christian King Author: Ranita, the Frog Princess Ranita, the Frog 566 p. 5, Unit by Illustrated by Because of Winn-DixieBecause of 544 p. 5, Unit by Illustrated by Winner Gold Award Choice Parents’ (2000), Newbery Honor Book (2001), (2002) Bluebonnet Award Texas Author: the North Dakota Flicker Tale Children’s Children’s Tale Flicker North Dakota the for (1997) Book Award Award Finalist (2001) for for (2001) Finalist Award winner of the Newbery Medal (2004) for for Newbery (2004) the Medal of winner of Despereaux The Tale T22 Word List Key Key 4 5 2 3 1 Spelling Words in appear in bold the selection. Leveled Books: Leveled The Raft Books: Leveled Onion and the The Astronaut Books: Leveled National Parks Home toOur ComeAnimals Books: Leveled Desert A Walk inthe Books: Leveled MissingLunchthe ofThe Mystery Saving Larry theX Marks Spot The Secret Code Back to School Space in Summer Trouble to Elevator Our NationalParks UniquePlaces:Preserving National Park ofAcadiaThe History The Animals ofIsle Royal Basin Desert Survival inthe Great Sahara Desert Survival inthe Sandy Desert Survival inthe Great The Trash Detectives Missing Scarf the Caseof The Lost Glasses the of Mystery The nuzzle downstream cluttered scattered raft disgusted paralyzed protested sensible astronaut universe realistic endless wildlife natural journey completed roamed lumbering silken climate swallows lurk eerie shimmer consume evidence suspicious accuse allergies consideration assignments Unit 1 chose stove stone mole goal die pies kite drive file peep squeak chief tea beam stray clay crate face pale grim bell plum flat sum Challenge Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: kt sy climb shy kite sleek please chief bail pale neigh cash plum grim pond step snack Go to coaster motor motor coaster wildlife highway appeal freedom railway neighbor shovel heavy toll mold flow fold own spy pride height inside wipe thief tease heal sleek weep rail bail today slate cane blot dock bluff band plot www.macmillanmh.com roasting mows foam stole groan pry sly prime shy sigh reef league leak please deal flame faint drain ache break past mill cash left odd for Leveled SpellingLists quote bolt blown sole lower slight twice fright minding climb wheeze speech breathe feet deed graze mane neigh steak claim build hint crunch wealth shelf . Word List T23 patch snatch arch stretching pitcher phrase headphone width nowhere whirl straps strain strand script thrill bore guard ward warp barnyard yearly tear lair mere snare smart charge worn argue stormy compare spear beard area appear ketchup cheap chopped latch chef fifth whisk thirty bother shove screech straighten sprang shriek splashing ford core cord spark award hear rear stair airfare career sketched chant chance branch hitch washer photo graph whole these throb throat shrink screw shrimp chemical checkers theater wherever threaten strictly charcoal forecast sincere staircase stove stove goal mows arch ketchup cheap graph brush these screech shrimp throat fort dart worn Review Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review ChallengeWords: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: door dart fort morning carpet gear scare fear cheer spare choose kitchen marching touch chatter rush northern brush shed thanks shred through sprout sprawl split Unit 2 Unit weekdays cardboard slithered genuine apologize harmless ambulance hilarious convinced mischief independence handy dizzy whirlwind nowadays temples dynasties heritage preserve overjoyed legendary muttered gaped snickering insult fluke flinched overheard opportunities border unions strikes citizen boycotts

Snakes in the Rain in the Snakes Forest in North America Snakes and Asia in Snakes Africa Clara Barton Edison Alva Thomas Bell Alexander Graham The Bamboo Eaters The Story of Silk Dam Gorges Three Lili Kiat Paolo Jin Wilma Rudolph: A True Winner Win: to Zaharias Determined Didrikson Babe A Man Robinson: Jackie So Tall Stood Who

Dear Mr. Winston Dear Mr. Books: Leveled Leveled Books: Leveled How Ben Franklin Ben Franklin How the Stole Lightning Stealing Beauty Books: Leveled Leveled Books: Leveled My DiaryMy from There Here to Mighty Jackie Books: Leveled

1

3 2

5 4 T24 Word List Key Key 4 5 2 3 1 Spelling Words in appear in bold the selection. Leveled Books: Leveled Bentley Snowflake Books: Leveled Horse Mystic Books: Leveled Workat Kid Reporters Books: Leveled Martin Brother My Books: Leveled Dance Roadrunner’s Extreme Weather Extreme Tornadoes Hurricanes Navajo Legends Quileute Legends Ojibwe Legends Kids Work Dream Jobs forKids Young Inventors Fighting forRights Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Susan Anthony B. and Coretta King Scott Harriet Tubman Wind Miki andthe North Three Tricky Tales The MudMonster blizzard negatives magnify microscope evaporate inspire foolishness technique patchwork responsibility midst amazement mysterious loosened sores venture persistence enterprising identified injustice avoided unsuspecting segregation numerous ancestors unfair tottered guardian agile proclaimed awkward interfere Unit 3 campfire desktop backyard lookout fishbowl dresses arches props mints clams spice germs dance once center kneel wrench knew lambs hour curve curl birth purse dirty Challenge Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: bris rse arches dresses berries spice germs circus wrench kneel combs shirt pearl curl lair spare hear Go to eyesight paperweight paperweight eyesight compasses batteries ceremony general wrestle knuckles further spurt snowstorm railroad grandparent waterproof overhead engines hobbies glasses couches parents glance cement circus badge bridge plumber honesty answer honest thumbs hurl worse shirt person curb www.macmillanmh.com newborn blindfold bedroom bookcase loudspeaker ranches babies enemies arrows caves ounce orange certain police strange knives wrapper combs known honor turnip turkey herb swirl twirl for Leveled SpellingLists undertake clothesline overdo yourself bedspread armies mosses berries mistakes patches village sponge arrange wedge ginger wrinkle heir wriggle knead doubt pearl serpent sternly blurred purpose . Word List T25 discussed saving tasting forcing discussing sorriest prettily lazier happiest dizziest group stoop move stew huge wound grouch mound grown voyage talking awe shawl false squall noises pound hound pouch thousand caller half straw small thought tapping saved skipping caring flagging jumpier emptier merrier cries cozily stool cookie food used grew gown frown south howling annoy caught drawn halt strawberry fought flipped cared flagged ripped skipped varied marries carries easily silliest wool mood suits crew spool outwitted underscoring handily factories crooked juicy drought downtown wallpaper awkward bedspread desktop snowstorm caring tasting skipped pennies prettily funnier cookie zoom huge south pouch annoy Review Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review ChallengeWords: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: flower voices tower cough cowboy walker chalk laws stalk bald tasted ripping forced flipping tapped funnier families pennies worried replied should zoom tunes brooks you’ll Unit 4 Unit coral reef partnership current eventually brittle suburbs rumbling snoring unique dove massive tangles politicians electrical globe fuels decayed neglected appreciated risks bluffing misunderstood desperate endured obedience cautiously faint disguised crisscrossed wisdom fade jealousy

The Arctic Ocean The Arctic Tide Pools Vents Hydrothermal Saving the Whales Saving the at Whales Looking Whales Gray An Eye on Energy on An Eye Dams: Giant Wonders Waterpower of Wind The Power Charles Drew Charles Marie Curie Salk Jonas Dr. Hollywood Hounds Pooches Presidential Companions Canine

At Home in the At Coral Reef Books: Leveled Adelina’s Whales Books: Leveled The Power of Oil The Power Books: Leveled Leveled Books: Leveled The Blind Hunter Dear Mrs. LaRue Books: Leveled

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5 4 T26 Word List Key Key 4 5 2 3 1 Spelling Words in appear in bold the selection. Leveled Books: Leveled Wild Horses Books: Leveled Romie Me andUncle Books: Leveled Territory the Undersea Exploring Books: Leveled Princess FrogRanita, the Books: Leveled Winn-Dixie Because of Full Gallop Full the West Old Horses of Cattle-Driving Horses ofthe Plains Apprentice The Goldsmith’s Beautiful orNot Girl Arranging HerHair Marco Polo Barrier Reef The (Really!) Great So Many Fish! Prince of Andequesta andthe Sleeping Beauty The Dragon’s Dinner Hans andGreta A Change ofWeather Drawing Highland The ABC Volunteer habitat fragile coaxing threatened glistening sanctuary descendants swarms flicked strutting glorious barbecue collage skyscrapers estimated documenting valuable vessels period famished specialty exasperated commotion cranky bumbling selfish advanced consisted selecting positive snuffled peculiar Unit 5 oral pencil total turtle uncle polar grader barber pepper grocer between gather remind cancel above radar talent never level river welcome plastic willow blanket dinner Challenge Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: Words:Challenge Review Words: bre aco cheddar anchor barber tender behave cancel spoken finish diver rumbles plastic swallow shawl drawn talking Go to aia snorkel animal waiter conductor remember another vivid sequence friendly cupboard pupil paddle local channel pebble collar odor enter singer tanker chamber monster action tender unfold spoken famous finish diver limit ticket thriller foggy dipper summer www.macmillanmh.com vessel settle bubble medal symbol popular cheddar danger powder zipper clipper frosty weeder woman petal cider bison habit wiper cabin nodded slender witness picket swallow for Leveled SpellingLists docile ankle special pedal bugle victor daughter elevator anchor harbor excite relate behave poster tutor easel pity razor promise stolen blossom rumbles fossil member planner . Word List T27 common proven often penguin skeleton patience bolder doe mousse patients unplug uncertain uncomfortable uncover unclean sickness joyfully aimless breathless certainly service eastern whirlwind surprise persuade nonfat nonfiction nonsense nonstop unable hopefully happiness goodness sorrowful purely modern capture merchant survive concern cannon muffin widen wooden ridden whose route who’s boulder weighed misplace mislabel mislead misstep misnumber barely tasteless handful lifeless illness disturb alert perhaps purchase nervous sunken eleven cousin woven raisin dough moose prints we’ve weave violin vitamin straight strait mishap unravel superbly successful survey emerge medal pupil paddle cotton muffin eleven prince weighed bolder disappoint nonfat misnumber really handful goodness Review Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review ChallengeWords: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: Words: Review Challenge Words: discourage disappoint disbelief distrust disloyal spotless sunny furry really hairy burrow furnace concert lantern thirsty robin button bacon reason cotton root tale wade tail prince Unit 6 Unit astronomer investigates solitary territory communication nutrients prehistoric overcome fossil upon stumbled paleontologist inspected glider unstable wingspan applauded headlines hoisting assured reference prospectors disappointment annoyed circular outstretched glinted wistfully eavesdropping scuffling acquaintance jumble scornfully logical

Butterflies and Moths and Grasshoppers Crickets Beetles Riding the Wind:Riding the Amelia Earhart Wind: the Against Banning H. James Women in Flight Discovering Pompeii Pompeii Discovering Discovering a Tutankhamen of Tale Sue: Dinosaur Rex T. In the Land of the Giants Land of the In the Potion The Tiger-Stripe Sprite The Wood There’s Gold in Those Hills! Hills! Gold in Those There’s West, of the Towns Bust Boom to from The Story San of Francisco

The Life and The Life Times of the Ant Books: Leveled My Brothers’ My Flying Machine Books: Leveled Leveled Books: Leveled Meet a Bone- ified Explorer Leveled Books: Leveled The Cricket in The Cricket Times Square The Gold Rush Game Books: Leveled

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5 4 T28 Index Alliteration, Alliteration, Affixes. Advertisements, Adverbs Adjectives. Additional Lessons, Accessing priorknowledge, Acknowledgments, Access forAll. language Academic Abbreviations, Aa adjectives. 712–715 206–207B, 405F, 469F, 562J, 540I, Language Learners. Language 247S, 645, 650 247S, 645, 4.2: 662, 688,718, 730, 758, 787I 562, 632, 592,539I, 661I, 540, 604, 374, 410, 409I, 470, 444, 482, 508, 220, 248, 275I, 276, 330, 304, 342, 70,44, 82, 108, 147I, 148, 176, 208, 4.2: 733A–733B, 757U, 761A–761B, 783U 761A–761B, 757U, 733A–733B, 691A–691B, 717U, 721A–721B, 729U, 635B, 657U, 665A–665B, 687U, 603U, 607A–607B, 631U, 635A– 591U,565A–565B, 595A–595B, 511B, 535U, 543A–543B, 561U, 481U, 485A–485B, 507U, 511A– 447A–447B, 469U, 473A–473B, 443U, 413A–413B, 405U, 377B, 341U, 345A–345B, 373U, 377A– 333A–333B, 329U, 307A–307B, 303U, 271U, 279A–279B, 251A–251B, 247U, 233A–233B, 219U, 211A–211B, 207U, 179A–179B, 143U, 175U, 111A–111B, 151A–151B, 107U, 85A–85B, 43U, 47A–47B, 69U, 73A–73B, 81U, Vocabulary: prefixes, suffixes. suffixes. Vocabulary: prefixes, T1–T11; T54–T55 T53–T54; Key T1–T11; T53–54; T53–54;

See . 4.1 See 4.5: 4.5:

= Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade See Phonics/Spelling; Phonics/Spelling; 53, 244–245, 247Q, 247Q, 244–245, 53, Grammar: adverbs. T1–T12; 4.3: 4.3: T54–T55; T54–T55;

271J, 783J 271J, Grammar:

See 62, 81F, 176J, T1–T11; T53–T54; English , 19A–19B, 4.1: 4.1: 4.6: 4.6: T60–T61; T60–T61; T1–T12 T1–T10; 4.4: 4.4:

16, 16,

Approaching LevelApproaching Options, Apostrophes, Antonyms. Analyzing Analogies, order,Alphabetical using, Almanac, fluency,

Vocabulary: analogies. Vocabulary: 603D, 603O, 603Q, comprehension, comprehension, 757P, 783M–783P 757M– 729M–729P, 717M–717P, 631P, 657M–657P, 687M–687P,591M–591P, 631M– 603M–603P, 507P, 535M–535P, 561M–561P, 469M–469P, 481M–481P, 507M– 373P, 405M–405P, 443M–443P, 341M–341P,329M–329P, 373M– 247P, 271M–271P, 303M–303P, 247M– 219M–219P, 207M–207P, 175M–175P, 143M–143P, 107M–107P, 43M–43P, 69M–69P, 81M–81P, strategies: analyze. strategies: analyze. 81Q, 81S, 337B 81S, 81Q, 507I–507J, 535J. punctuation. antonyms. 271N, 329N, 309N, 341N, 373N, 143N, 175N, 207N, 219N, 247N, 757O, 783O 757O, 631O, 657O, 687O, 717O, 729O, 507O, 535O, 561O, 591O, 603O, 373O, 405O, 443O, 469O, 481O, 247O, 271O, 303O, 329O, 341O, 107O, 143O, 175O, 207O, 219O, 783P 729O, 729P, 757O, 757P, 783O, 657P, 687O, 687P, 717O, 717P, 603O, 603P, 631O, 631P, 657O, 535P, 561O, 561P, 591O, 591P, 481O, 481P, 507O, 507P, 535O, 405P, 443O, 443P, 469O, 469P, 341O, 341P, 373O, 373P, 405O, 271P, 303O, 303P, 329O, 329P, 219O, 219P, 247O, 247P, 271O, 143P, 175O, 175P, 207O, 207P, 69P, 81O, 81P, 107O, 107P, 143O, strategies, 170–173, 175Q, 228 175Q, 170–173, . 43N, 69N, 81N, 107N, 81H, 247H, 592I, 595, 598, See See 247I–247J, 341J, 341J, 247I–247J, Comprehension Comprehension Vocabulary: Vocabulary: 43O, 69O, 81O, 69O, 43O, See also 43O, 43P, 69O, 43P,43O, 69O, 4.5: T8. T8. Grammar: 77B, 77B, See also

Assessment, Assessment, formal/informal, fluency, alternative, 783K–783L 757K–757L, 717K–717L, 729K–729L, 687K–687L, 603K–603L, 631K–631L, 657K–657L, 561K–561L,535K–535L, 591K–591L, 481K–481L,469L, 507K–507L, 405K–405L, 443K–443L, 469K– 341K–341L, 373K–373L, 329K–329L, 303K–303L, 271K–271L, 247K–247L, 175K–175L, 207K–207L, 219K–219L, 143K–143L, 107K–107L, 81K–81L, vocabulary, phonics, 783N 657N, 687N, 717N, 729N, 757N, 535N, 561N, 591N, 603N, 631N, 405N, 481N, 443N, 469N, 507N, 410F, 540F, 662F 757K, 783K 657K, 662F, 687K, 717K, 729K, 540F, 561K, 591K, 631K, 603K, 481K, 469K, 443K, 507K, 535K, 341K, 367A, 373K, 410F, 405K, 247K, 271K, 276F, 303K, 329K, 143K, 148F, 175K, 207K, 219K, , 783K 657K, 687K, 717K, 757K, 729K, 535K, 561K, 591K, 631K, 603K, 481K, 469K, 443K, 507K,405K, 271K, 303K, 329K, 341K, 373K, 143K, 175K, 207K, 219K, 247K, 757M, 783M 757M, 631M, 657M, 687M, 717M, 729M, 507M, 535M, 561M, 591M, 603M, 481M,405M, 443M, 469M. 271M, 329M, 309M, 341M, 373M, 143M, 175M, 207M, 219M, 247M, 783O 729N, 729O, 757N, 757O, 783N, 657O, 687N, 687O, 717N, 717O, 603N, 603O, 631N, 631O, 657N, 535O, 561N, 561O, 591N, 591O, 481N, 481O, 507N, 507O, 535N, 405O, 443N, 443O, 469O, 469N, 341N, 341O, 373N, 373O, 405N, 271O, 303N, 309O, 329N, 329O, 219N, 219O, 247N, 247O, 271N, 143O, 175N, 175O, 207N, 207O, 143N, 107O, 107N, 81O, 81N, 16F, 43K, 69K, 81K, 107K, 43M, 69M, 81M, 107M,

43K–43L, 69K–69L, 69K–69L, 43K–43L, 43K, 69K, 81K, 107K, 43N, 43O, 69N, 69O, 69O, 69N, 43O, 43N, 16F, 148F, 276F, Index T29 Index

462 752 200 See 36 710 776 528 See 64 168 436, 584 436, 64, 556, 626, 752 626, 64, 556,

502 242 264 400 400 Comprehension skills: author’s skills:Comprehension author’s purpose. Comprehension skills: author’s skills:Comprehension author’s perspective. Anaya, Rudolfo, 280–295, 296 280–295, Rudolfo, Anaya, 100 Cameron, Ann, 86–99, 584 566–583, Carmen Agra, Deedy, 556 544–555, Kate, DiCamillo, 322 King, 308–321, Christine Farris, Goble, Paul, 346–365, 366 Hartfield, 608–625, Claire, 626 Hurwitz, 36 Johanna, 20–35, L., Rebecca Johnson, 48–63, 64 136 LaMarche, Jim, 112–135, Martin, 378–399, Briggs, Jacqueline 776 Micucci, Charles, 763–775, 168 Moss, Marissa, 152–167, Muzik, Katy, 528 512–527, 200 Amada Irma, 180–199, Pérez, 264 636–649, 650 Cris, Peterson, 252–263, Ken, Roberts, Rodanas, Kristina, 448–461, 462 Schanzer, Rosalyn, 224–241, 242 710 Selden, George, 692–709, Sobol, Richard, 502 486–501, 436 Mark, 414–435, Teague, Yolen, Jane, 734–751, 752 666–679, 680 William F., Wu, idioms, point of view, repetition folktales, in sensory images, dialogue to establish character, dialogue to suspense, of elements humor, humorous contrast, fluency, sentence sentence fragments, simile, and metaphor, simile, and metaphor, text features, theme, transitional words, choice, word Author’s purpose. Author’s perspective. perspective. Author’s Authors, main selection See 136, 400 136, 296 322 43K–43L, 81, 219, 341, 481, 36, 64, 100, 136, 136, 64, 36, 100, 556 650 66, 67, 69PQ, 69S. 69S. 69PQ, 66, 67, 100, 680 366 80–81, 147, 218–219, 275, 16F–16G, 147M–147N, 148F– Literary assonance; devices: language, 469Q, 481N, 481Q, 507N, 507Q, 507Q, 507N, 481Q, 469Q, 481N, 591N, 561Q, 561N, 535Q, 535N, 631Q, 631N, 603Q, 603N, 591Q, 717N, 687Q, 687N, 657Q, 657N, 757Q, 757N, 729Q, 729N, 717Q, 783N, 783Q 603, 729 603, 148G, 275M–275N, 539M– 276F–276G, 410F–410G, 409M–409N, 540F–540G, 661M–661N, 539N, 787M–787N 662F–662G, 69K–69L, 81K–81L, 107K–107L, 69K–69L, 107K–107L, 81K–81L, 143K–143L, 175K–175L, 207K– 207L, 219K–219L, 247K–247L, 271K–271L, 303K–303L, 329K– 329L, 373K–373L, 341K–341L, 469K– 443K–443L, 405K–405L, 507K–507L, 481K–481L, 469L, 591K– 535K–535L, 561K–561L, 631K–631L, 603K–603L, 591L, 717K– 687K–687L, 657K–657L, 717L,729K–729L, 757K–757L, 783K–783L 340–341, 409, 480–481, 602– 480–481, 409, 340–341, 787 603,728–729, 168, 200, 242, 264, 296, 322, 366, 322, 296, 264, 242, 200, 168, 584, 556, 528, 502, 462, 400, 436, 776 752, 680, 650, 626, 710, alliteration, animal characters, focus, biography: character development, contrast, and regional descriptive dialogue, 36, 64, 100, 136, 168, 200, 242, 264, 264, 242, 200, 168, 136, 64,36, 100, 502, 462, 400, 366, 436, 322, 296, 584, 556, 680,528, 650, 626, 710, 752, 776 also also Poetry. Timed-writing, unit, weekly reading, writing, Assonance, biographies, Author/illustrator Author’s Craft, 37, 101, 101, 37, 80-81, 218-219, 65, 137, 201, 201, 65, 137, Comprehension

See individual 43A, 69A, 81A, 81A, 69A, 43A, 43N, 43Q, 69N, 16H–16I, 147K– 243, 272–274, 78–79, 406–408 78–79, 78–81, 144–147, 216– 216–217, 323, 478–479, 536–538, 651, 783, 627, 557, 784–786 297, 367, 437, 503, 600–726–727 601, 401, 463, 529, 585, 658–660, 658–660, 585, 144–146, 169, 529, 265, 338–339, 463, 401, 777 711, 681, 602-603, 480-481, 340-341, 728-729 661, skills listings for listings skills 16G, 148G, 276G, 410G, 540G, 410G, 276G, 148G, 16G, 662G assessments. skills, Comprehension Grammar, strategies, Fluency, Writing. Phonics, Vocabulary, 107A, 143A, 147G–147H, 175A, 175A, 147G–147H, 143A, 107A, 275G– 271A, 247A, 219A, 207A, 373A, 341A, 329A, 303A, 275H, 409G–409H,405A, 469A, 443A, 539G–539H, 535A, 507A, 481A, 657A, 631A, 603A, 591A, 561A, 661G–661H, 687A, 717A, 787G–787H 783A, 729A,757A, 272–275,219, 338–341, 406–409, 600–603, 658–659, 478–481, 784–787 726–729, 147L, 148H–148I, 275K–275L, 276H–276I, 409K–409L, 410H– 539K–539L,410I, 540H–540I, 787K– 662H–662I, 661K–661L, 787L 69Q, 81N, 81Q, 107N, 107Q, 207N, 175Q, 175N, 143Q, 143N, 247Q, 247N, 219Q, 219N, 207Q, 329N, 303Q, 303N, 271Q, 271N, 373Q, 373N, 341Q, 341N, 329Q, 469N, 443Q, 443N, 405Q, 405N, Author and Me, Author Own, My On Right There, Think and Search, writing prompts, Quick and observational Check rubrics,scoring National Test Alignment Chart, Alignment Test National Test Prep, Test Strategy Theme Project, Timed-reading, T30 Index Build background, of, parts Book, Biographies. Bibliography, Beyond Level Options, Base words. Bb vocabulary, 4.2: words. 219V, 220, 247V, 248, 271V, 276, 148, 148H, 175V, 176, 207V, 208, 69V, 70, 81V, 82, 107V, 108, 143V, fluency, comprehension, 783S–783T 757S–757T, 729S–729T, 717S–717T, 687S–687T, 603S–603T, 631S–631T, 657S–657T,535S–535T, 561S–561T, 591S–591T, 469S–469T, 443S–443T, 481S–481T, 405S–405T, 507S–507T,373S–373T, 341S–329T, 329S–329T, 303S–303T, 271S–271T, 247S–247T, 219S–219T, 207S–207T, 175S–175T, 143S–143T, 107S–107T, 81S–81T, 69S–69T, biographies. skills. Key 729T, 757S, 757T, 783S, 783T 687S, 687T, 717S, 717T, 729S, 603T, 631S, 631T, 657S, 657T, 561S, 561T, 591S, 591T, 603S, 481T, 507S, 507T, 535S, 535T, 443S, 443T, 469S, 469T, 481S, 341T, 373S, 373T, 405S, 405T, 303S, 309T, 329S, 329T, 341S, 219T, 247S, 247T, 271S, 271T, 175S, 175T, 207S, 207T, 219S, 81S, 81T, 107S, 107T, 143S, 143T, 687S, 717S, 729S, 757S, 783S 561S, 591S, 603S, 631S, 657S, 443S, 469S, 481S, 507S, 535S, 303S, 329S, 341S, 373S, 405S, 175S, 207S, 219S, 247S, 271S, 757T, 783T 757T, 631T, 657T, 687T, 717T, 729T, 507T, 535T, 561T, 591T, 603T, 373T, 405T, 443T, 469T, 481T, T11; 4.1 43S, 69S, 81S, 107S, 143S, 4.3: = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 43S, 43T, 69S, 69T, 69T, 43T, 69S, 43S, See See 787C T10. 215B, 219Q, 219S, 219S, 219Q, 215B,

Vocabulary: base Genre: 43T, 341T, 329T, See also 16, 16H, 43V, 44, 44, 43V, 16H, 16, 43S–43T, 43S–43T,

Study Study Captions, Commas, Commas, Character. Cause andeffect. Capitalization Cc Clauses, Clauses, Lessons, Classroom Library Citations. Cinquain poetry, Chronology. Charts. Building, Character Compare and contrast. Compare andcontrast. Text features: captions. capitalization. capitalization. T12–T17; 303J, 405B, 561J, 783J. 143I–143J, 175B, 207J, 271J, contrast. Comprehension compare/ skills: 718, 730, 758 730, 718, 631V, 632, 657V, 662, 662H, 688, 561V, 562, 591V, 592, 603V, 604, 540H, 540, 470, 508, 482, 444, 410H, 410, 405V, 374, 373V, 342, 276H, 303V, 329V, 304, 330, 341V, effect. causeand Comprehension skills: charts; Text charts; features: charts. organization. Writing: sequence; skills: 410I, 540I, 662I Grammar: punctuation. Grammar: skills: character.skills: T17; 783J. 783J. 718B, 730B, 758B 592B, 632B, 604B, 688B, 662K, 470B, 562B, 482B, 508B, 540K, 330B, 342B, 374B, 410K, 444B, 208B, 220B, 248B, 276K, 304B, 70B,44BJ, 82B, 108B, 148K, 176B, Study citingsources. skills: 4.5: See also See See 81I–81J, 107I–107J, 143I-143J, 143I-143J, 107I–107J, 81I–81J, 148H, 515, 524. 69J, 81I–81J, 107I–107J, 107I–107J, 81I–81J, 69J, T13–T18; See 4.3:

See Graphic organizers: organizers: Graphic See

Computer literacy; literacy; Computer T12–T17; . Comprehension Comprehension

See Grammar: clauses. Comprehension Comprehension 66–67, 68–69B

See 4.1: Grammar: 4.6: 16I, 148I, 276I, T11–T16; T13–T18 4.4: See also See See See also T12– 16K, 16K,

4.2:

Comprehension skills words. Compound sentences, Compound author’s purpose, character, details, details, compare/contrast, cause/effect, author’s perspective, description, compound words. compound Vocabulary: Spelling; Spelling; 143I–143J, 405B, 528 701, 755, 738, 778–779, 631O, 631P, 631R, 631T, 677, 681B, 394, 607A–607B,259, 359, 265B, 284, 361, 386, 382, 608–625, 201B, 191, 143T, 627, 143R, 143P, 143O, 137B, 137, 112–135, 111A–111B, 107T, 107R, 107P, 107O, 101B, 778–779, 617, 574, 535T, 535P, 654, 535R, 535O, 532, 529, 512–527, 511B, 341R, 341T, 426, 477A, 511A– 341O, 341P, 334–337, 333A–333B, 134, 163, 184, 232, 245, 292, 215A, 336, 337A, 498, 517, 81T, 81P, 81R, 81O, 77A, 74–77, 69P, 69T,69O, 73A–73B, 69R, 4.5: T2, T11,T2, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16 783T, 762–775, 777, 783O, 783P, 783R, 4.3: 710,650, 680, 752, 776, 502, 521, 528, 556, 626, 584, 417, 430, 436, 437B, 462, 494, 401B, 392, 367B, 400, 388, 366, 323, 329O, 329P, 329R, 353, 364, 307A–307B,303R, 308–321, 322, 297, 296, 303P,280–295, 303O, 242, 234, 200, 279A–279B, 264, 175R, 175P, 175O, 169, 168, 152–167, 151A–151B, 136, 100, 757T, 757R, 733B, 734–751, 753, 757O, 757P, T17 T15, T18 687T, 714, 725A, 666–679, 681, 687O, 687P, 687R, 657P, 657T, 665A–665B, 657R, 651, 657O, 653, 636–649, T4, T13, T14, T15, T17 T16, T12, T14, T16 47A–47B, 48–63, 65, 65B, 65B, 65, 48–63, 47A–47B, 4.6: 85A–85B, 86–99, 101, 4.3: T5 556, 761A–761B, 358, 383, 635A–635B, 635A–635B, 383, 358, 4.6: T2; T4, T13, T16, See 33, 36, 57, 64, 54, 67, 121, 4.5: 4.4:

81I–81J, 81I–81J, Phonics/ Phonics/ 639, 733A– T5; T5; T4 4.1: 4.2: 4.6: T3; 4.1: T1; T1,

Index T31 Index

4.1: 4.5:

T13, T13, 4.2:

409I– 787I–787J 266–269, 23, 27, 27, 23, 4.6: 4.3: See also 787I–787J 787I–787J 661I–661J . 179A–179B, 19A–19B, 147I–147J, 275I– T12, T13, T15, T16; T16; T15, T13, T12, 539I–539J 47A–47B, 48–63, 409I–409J, 539I, 661I- 539I, 409I–409J, 409I–409J, 787I–787J 4.2: Internet; Study skills; Study Internet; T12, T14, T17 T14, T12, 661J searches, 409J, 539I–539J 409J, graphs, 180–199, 207O, 223A–223B, 224– 223A–223B, 207O, 180–199, 247O,241, 251A–251B, 252–263, 271O, 413A–413B, 414–435, 448–461, 447A–447B, 443O, 469O, 271Q, 271S, 368-371, 373Q, 373S 373Q, 368-371, 271S, 271Q, T13, T14, T17 T14, T13, 4.4: 20–35, 85A–85B, 43O, 86–99, 107O, 111A–111B, 112–135,151A–151B, 143O, 152–167, 175O, 211A–211B, 212–215, 219O, T16, T17; T15, T14, T13, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17. T16, T17. T15, T14, T13, 147I–147J making, using data, T15, T17 T15, Monitor and ClarifyMonitor T16; T15, T14, T13, T11, 157, 162, 235, 240, 260, 282, 282, 260, 126, 240, 90, 96, 115, 89, 53, 50, 30, 235, 162, 157, 580, 524, 452, 421, 349, 284, 312, 631O, 608–625, 607A–607B, 635A–635B, 636–649, 694, 704, 729O, 722–725, 721A–721B, 757O, 734–751, 733A–733B, 69O, 73A–73B, 74–77, 81O, 81O, 69O, 74–77, 73A–73B, 333A–333B, 334–337, 341O, 373O, 346–365, 345A–345B, clip art, generate questions, generate copyrights and citations, copyrights spreadsheetscreating and inferences, making, database searches and image database and graphics,drawing electronic search engines, monitor comprehension, monitor and predictions,calculations 275J, 409I–409J, 477B, 481Q, 481S, 481S, 481Q, 409I–409J, 477B, 275J, 787I–787J. 661I–661J, 539I–539J, See also Technology. a presentation, adding to electronic encyclopedia, summarize, Computer literacy,

4.5: T13, T13, T3 4.5: T4; 4.4: 4.4: 4.3: 665A–665B, 665A–665B, 485A–485B, 485A–485B, T12, T14, T16; T16; T14, T12, 29, 37, 65, 81O, 94, 81O, 65, 37, 29, T3 279A–279B, 280–295, 4.3: 88, 111A–111B, 112–135, 452, 461, 502, 691A–691B, 691A–691B, 502, 461, 452, , 19A–19B, 20–35, 37, 43O, 43O, 37, 20–35, , 19A–19B, 4.1: T3, T13, T15, T17; T17; T3, T15, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17 T15, T14, 666–679, 691A–691B, 692– 691A–691B, 666–679, 709, 717O 486–501, 507O, 511A–511B, 511A–511B, 486–501, 507O, 761A– 631O, 535O, 512–527, 761B, 762–775, 783O, 303O, 307A–307B, 308–321, 308–321, 307A–307B, 303O, 329O, 377A–377B, 378–399, 405O, 473A–473B, 474–477, 544–555, 543A–543B, 481O, 566–583, 565A–565B, 561O, 591O, 595A–595B, 596–599, 603O, 503, 507O, 507P, 507R, 507T, 507R, 507T, 507P, 503, 507O, 4.3: T14, T15, T16, T18 T15, T14, 137, 137B, 143O, 143P, 143R, 143R, 143P, 143O, 137B, 137, 454, 196, 185, 169B, 156, 143T, 615, 195, 201, 215, 235, 243, 256, 256, 243, 235, 169, 159, 125, 191, 101, 129, 137, 215, 201, 195, 265, 289, 297, 317, 323,377A–377B, 378–399, 529, 337, 401, 405O, 367, 522, 457, 437, 425, 503, 405R, 405T, 405P, 497, 477, 463, 561O, 557, 544–555, 543A–543B, 599, 585, 576, 561T, 561R, 561P, 627B, 643, 651B, 627, 651, 618, 672, 681, 700, 743, 711B, 711, 768, 772, 777B, 753, T1 717R, 717P, 692–709, 717O, 711, 717T 65, 85A–85B, 86–99, 101, 107O, 107O, 101, 86–99, 175O, 85A–85B, 65, 169, 152–167, 111A–111B, 112–135, 137, 143O,151A–151B, 211A–211B, 212–215, 219O, 243, 265, 297, 323, 337, 485A–485B, 477, 486–501, 367, 507O, 437, 463, 511A–511B, 512–527, 535O, 585, 681, 666–679, 665A–665B, 627, 692–709, 691A–691B, 687O, 717O, 753, 761A–761B, 762–775, 783O 777, text structure, story structure, setting, summarize, evaluate, analyze theme, Comprehension strategiesComprehension T3 T2 473A– 721A– 4.5: 4.5: 19A–19B, 47A–47B, 91, 122, 185, 360, 403, 94, 116, 121, 121, 94, 116, T2, T11, T12, T12, T2, T11, T3 T2 211A–211B, 212– 4.1: T1 4.6: 4.4: T4, T12, T13, T15, T15, T13, T12, T4, T3, T14, T17; T17; T3, T14, 4.4: T2 129, 345A–345B, 346– 4.2: 4.2: 4.2: T3 T1; T1; 98, 111A–111B, 112–135, 137B, 48–63, 65, 69R, 65B, 69O, 69P, 81O, 77A, 74–77, 73A–73B, 69T, 337A, 336, 215A, 81T, 81R, 81P, 498,397, 517, T16 365, 373O, 367, 373R, 373P, 373T, 486–501, 485A–485B, 463B, 452, 565A–565B, 566–583, 585, 591O, 566–583,565A–565B, 585, 591O, 780, 591T, 591R, 591P, 256, 265B, 428, 460, 583, 737, 737, 192, 165, 143T, 583, 143R, 143P, 460, 143O, 428, 265B, 256, 4.1: 43T, 223A–223B, 224–241, 243, 243, 224–241, 20–35, 37B, 37, 43O, 43R, 43P, 223A–223B, 43T, 300, 420, 247T, 247R, 247P, 247O, 644, 580, 585B, 647, 621, 571, 4.1: 231, 255, 317, 319, 363, 384, 385, 385, 384, 363, 319, 317, 255, 231, 390, 395, 414–435, 413A–413B, 443R, 443T, 443P, 443O, 437, 466, 463, 448–461, 447A–447B, 488, 469T, 469R, 469P, 469O, 546, 552, 529B, 516, 503B, 497, 684, 646, 670, 574, 557B, 555, 706, 745, 227, 219T, 219R, 219P, 219O, 215, 240, 243B, 595A–595B, 596–599, 736, 603T, 603R, 603P, 603O, 753B, 729O, 729P, 722–725, 721B, 729R, 729T, 122, 124, 140, 156, 162, 164, 164, 162, 156, 140, 124, 122, 207O, 201, 180–199, 179A–179B, 251A– 236, 207T, 207R, 207P, 271P, 271O, 265, 252–263, 251B, 297B, 292, 286, 283, 271T, 271R, 313, 315, 318, 323B, 350, 354, 642, 572, 559, 505, 452, 433, 427, 669, T13, T14, T15, T16 T15, T14, T13, 473B, 474–477, 481O, 481P, 481R, 481R, 481P, 481O, 474–477, 473B, 599A, 481T, judgments, making, main idea and details, problem and solution, sequence, sequence, fact and opinion, generalizations, making, inferences, making, drawing conclusions, drawing plot, persuasion, techniques of, persuasion, of, techniques T32 Index Connections, making Connections, andCompare,Connect Conjunctions poetry, Concrete drawing. Conclusions, Text connections. Text connections. word processing, word pages, Web tousing technology andmedia URLS andlinks, tool bars key,tab spreadsheets, slide show, search enginesand Alert, Safety rows andcells, usesof,multimedia words, key keyboarding techniques, Internet, image searches, e-mail, andspell thesaurus electronic conjunctions. 781. 715, 629, 655, 685, 755, 628, 589, 371, 403, 441, 467,141, 505, 173, 533, 205, 559, 245, 269, 301, 327, conclusions, drawing. conclusions, Comprehension skills: Key 477B, 787I–787J477B, communicate ideas/present, 373S 373Q, 368-371, 275I–275J, 271S, 271Q, 266–269, 481Q, 481S, 533 techniques, 661J, 787J 477B 147J, and Inquiry. 481T, 533. check, See also , 147I–147J, 477B, 481Q, 481S 4.1 477B, 481P, 481R, 481T 147I–147J 147I–147J, 481P, 481R, 275I–275J = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 147I–147J, 477B 147I–147J, , 798I-787J 147I–147J, 481Q, 481S, 147J, 275J, 409J, 539J, Informational text; Informational text; See also See 661I–661J 147I–147J, 477B, 477B, 147I–147J, 661I-661J 244–245 539I Grammar: 275I–275J 787I–787J 147I–147J, 147I–147J,

. Research See

See 41, 67, 105, 147I–

Text Text Context clues. clues. Context feedback. Constructive Consonants, Connotation, Cross-curricular connections. Cross-curricular Cooperative Learning, Contractions, in words teaching Context, Content areareading, also See Phonics/Spelling. Additional Lessons; Fluency; individual skiill listings for 719, 722–725, 731, 762 734, 712–715, 682–685, 636–649, 629, 628– 593, 605, 596–599, 586–589, 541, 512–527, 486–501, 474–477, 464–467, 445, 411, 438–441, 399, 378– 368–371, 334–337, 324–327, 322, 308–321, 277, 305, 272–273, 266–269, 224–241, 221, 212–215, 202–205, 194, 170–173, 138–141, 109, 102–105, 83, 74–77, 48–63, 561D, 561Q, 561S, 687F, context. Vocabulary: teach words in 783C, 783E 783E 783C, 729E, 753A, 757C, 757E, 777A, 711A, 717C, 717E, 725A, 729C, 651A 657C, 657E, 681A, 687C, 687E, 599A 603C, 603E, 627A, 631C, 631E, 557A, 561C, 561E, 585A, 591C, 591E, 503A, 507C, 507E, 529A 535C, 535E, 477A, 469E, 469C, 481C, 481E, 405E, 437A, 443E, 443C, 463A, 367A, 373C, 373E, 401A, 405C, 323A 329C, 329E, 337A, 341C, 341E, 265A 271C, 271E, 297A, 303C, 303E, 215A, 219C, 219E, 243A, 247C, 247E, 169A, 175C, 175E, 201A, 207C, 207E, 101A, 107C, 107E, 137A, 143C, 143E, 77A, 81C, 81E, 69E, 69C, 65A, 43E, context clues. context art, also T15, T17; 4.5: 121, 431, 640, Grammar: contractions. UnitProjects. Phonics/Spelling. T14, T16, 219E, 219G–219H. 219G–219H. 219E, 4.3: 540R, 543,540R, 549, 554, 341J, 481J, 535I–535J. See T17; 4.6:

Vocabulary: Vocabulary: 4.1:

T16 4.4: T16; 37A, 43C, 43C, 37A, 38–41, See 4.5: T15, T17; 4.2: . T6 See See

See

Daily Language Activities Daily Language Dd Cultural perspectives, social studies, performing arts, music, math, workstations, workstations, health, language arts, language arts, 704 232, 291, 319, 451, 490, 572, 620, 271I, 303I, 329I, 341I, 373I, 405I, 81I, 107I, 143I, 175I, 207I, 219I, 247I, science, T17; 4.4: T16; 688J, 718J, 730J, 758J, 604J, 622, 632J, 662S, 669, 685, 562J, 540S, 508J, 592J, 540I, 441, 444J, 467, 470J, 482J, 499, 342J, 351, 371, 374J, 410I, 410S, 248J, 276I, 276S, 304J, 327, 330J, 173, 176J, 205, 208J, 220J, 228, 70J, 82J, 108J, 141, 148S, 165, T16 T15 640, 750, 640, 718J, 730I–730J, 758I–758J 662R–662S, 688I–688J, 718I– 592J, 604I–604J, 632I–632J, 592I– 562I–562J, 540R–540S, 508I–508J, 470J, 482I–482J, 410R–410S, 444I–444J, 470I– 374I–374J, 342I–342J, 330J, 330I– 304I–304J, 276R–276S, 248I–248J, 220I–220J, 208J, 208I– 176I–176J, 148R–148S, 108I–108J, 82I–82J, 70I–70J, T13, 4.1: 662S, 688J, 715, 718J, 730J, 758J, 553, 562J, 592J, 604J, 632J, 470J, 540S, 482J, 508J, 540I, 342J, 374J, 410I, 410S, 441, 444J, 248J, 269, 276S, 287, 304J, 330J, 105, 108J, 148S, 176J, 208J, 220J, T14 99, 148I, 256, 383, 526, 580, T12, T14; 16I, 311, 453, 662I, 770 T13; 4.6: 4.5: 4.2: 4.2: 16S, 32, 41,44J, 70J, 82J, T18 T14 T13, T15, T17; T13 4.5: 4.1: 16I, 16S, 44J, 61, 61, 44J, 16S, 16I, 184, 276I, 662I, T14, T16; 16R–16S, 44I–44J, 44I–44J, 16R–16S, T14, 4.3: 589, 696, 589, 696, T15, T17; 4.4: 52, 93, 193, 4.1: T13, 4.3: 4.6: , 4.3: 43I, 69I, 69I, 43I, T12, T15; T14, 4.4: 4.6:

4.4:

Index T33 Index 19A, 43V, 47A, 43I, 69I, 81I, 107I, 143I, 143I, 107I, 81I, 69I, 43I, 43E, 69E, 81E, 107E, 143E, 143E, 107E, 81E, 69E, 43E, 37A, 65A, 77A, 101A, 101A, 77A, 65A, 37A, 69V, 73A, 81V, 85A, 207V, 107V, 179A, 111A, 175V, 151A, 143V, 251A, 247V, 223A, 219V, 211A, 329V, 307A, 303V, 279A, 271V, 377A, 373V, 345A, 341V, 333A, 469V, 447A, 443V, 413A, 405V, 511A, 507V, 485A, 481V, 473A, 591V, 565A, 561V, 543A, 535V, 635A, 631V, 607A, 603V, 595A, 717V, 691A, 687V, 665A, 657V, 761A, 757V, 733A, 729V, 721A, 783V 137A, 169A, 201A, 215A, 243A, 243A, 215A, 201A, 169A, 137A, 367A, 337A, 323A, 297A, 265A, 503A, 477A, 463A, 437A, 401A, 651A, 627A, 585A, 557A, 529A, 777A 753A, 711A, 681A, 175I, 207I, 219I, 247I, 271I, 303I, 303I, 271I, 247I, 219I, 207I, 175I, 469I, 443I, 405I, 373I, 341I, 329I, 603I, 591I, 561I, 535I, 507I, 481I, 757I, 729I, 717I, 687I, 657I, 631I, 783I 271E, 247E, 219E, 207E, 175E, 405E, 373E, 341E, 329E, 303E, 535E, 507E, 469E, 481E, 443E, 687E, 657E, 631E, 603E, 591E, 783E 757E, 729E, 717E, 405C, 405D, 405E, 405I, 405V, 412, 412, 405V, 405I, 405E, 405C, 405D, 443E, 443C, 443D, 437A, 413A, 469C, 463A, 446, 447A, 443V, 443I, 473A, 472, 469I, 469V, 469E, 469D, 481V, 481I, 481E, 481D, 481C, 477A, 507E, 507D, 507C, 484, 503A, 485A, 535C, 529A, 511A, 510, 507V, 507I, 543A, 542, 535V, 535I, 535E, 535D, 564, 561V, 561I, 561D, 561C, 557A, 591I, 591E, 591D, 591C, 585A, 565A, 603E, 603D, 603C, 595A, 594, 591V, 631C, 627A, 606, 607A, 603V, 603I, 634, 635A, 631V, 631I, 631E, 631D, 657C, 657E, 657D, 651A, 657I, 657V, 687E, 687D, 687C, 681A, 665A, 664, 717C, 711A, 691A, 690, 687V, 687I, 721A, 720, 717V, 717I, 717E, 717D, 732, 729V, 729I, 729E, 729D, 729C, 757I, 757E, 757D, 757C, 753A, 733A, 783E, 783D, 783C, 761A, 760, 757V, 777A 783V, 783I, comprehension, fluency, grammar, grammar, phonics, phonics, Grammar: Grammar:

See . 18, 19A, 37A, 43C, 43C, 37A, 19A, 18, 266–269, 271S, 271Q, 468–469B, 481F, 534– 481F, 468–469B, 712–715 Approaching Level Approaching Level

punctuation. Options; Beyond Level Options; Options; Level Beyond Options; Reader Lessons; ELL; Leveled Group Small Options; Level On Options. advanced/beginning/ intermediate, 43D, 43E, 43I, 46, 43V, 65A, 47A, 69C, 69D, 69E, 69I,72, 73A, 69V, 77A, 81C, 81D, 81E, 81I, 81V, 84, 107I, 107E, 107D, 107C, 101A, 85A, 143D, 143C, 137A, 111A, 110, 107V, 169A, 151A, 150, 143V, 143I, 143E, 175C, 175D, 175E, 207I, 207E, 175I, 207D, 207C, 201A, 175V,179A, 178, 219D, 219C, 215A, 211A, 210, 207V, 243A, 223A, 222, 219V, 219I, 219E, 250, 247V, 247I, 247E, 247D, 247C, 271I, 271E, 271D, 271C, 251A, 265A, 303D, 303C, 297A, 279A, 278, 271V, 323A, 306, 307A, 303V, 303I, 303E, 332, 329V, 329I, 329E, 329D, 329C, 341I, 341E, 341D, 341C, 337A, 333A, 373D, 373C, 367A, 344, 345A, 341V, 401A, 377A, 376, 373V, 373I, 373E, 176B, 176E–176F, 208B, 208E–208F, 208E–208F, 208B, 176E–176F, 176B, 248B, 248E– 220B, 220E–220F, 304B, 276N–276O, 276K, 248F, 304E–304F, 330B, 330E–330F, 342B, 410K, 374E–374F, 374B, 342E–342F, 444E–444F, 444B, 410N–410O, 482E–482F, 482B, 470E–470F, 470B, 540K, 540N– 508E–508F, 508B, 592B, 562E–562F, 562B, 540O, 632B, 604B, 604E–604F, 592E–592F, 662N–662O, 662K, 632E–632F, 718E–718F, 718B, 688B, 688E–688F, 758E–758F. 758B, 730E–730F, 730B, See also 368-371, 373Q, 373S 535B, 628–629, 631S 631Q, End punctuation English Language Learners. Directions, Ee Editorials, Encyclopedia,

4.1: . 16K, T8, 4.3: Study skills; Study 43E, 43M, Vocabulary: 19, 25, 26, 28, 28, 26, 25, 19, T6, T8; T8; T6,

Decodable Decodable Graphic organizers; See also See also See also

540Q, 540R, 543, 561D, 540Q, 540R, 561D, 543, . 4.2: Comprehension skills; Comprehension See 27, 100, 219F, 276S, 276S, 219F, 100, 27, See . T8 See Comprehension skills: Comprehension 4.4:

description as text structure. See denotation. Passages; Phonics/Spelling 16N–16O, 44B, 44E–44F, 70B, 70B, 70E–70F, 82B, 82E–82F, 108B, 108E–108F, 148K, 148N–148O, 69E, 107M, 107E, 69M, 81M, 81E, 207E, 175M, 175E, 143M, 143E, 247M, 247E, 219M 219E, 207M, 329E, 303M, 303E, 271M, 271E, 373M, 373E, 341M, 341E, 329M, 469E, 443M, 443E, 405M, 405E, 507M, 507E, 481M, 469M, 481E, 591E, 561M, 561E, 535M, 535E, 631M, 631E, 603M, 603E, 591M, 717E, 687M, 687E, 657M, 657E, 757M, 757E, 729M, 729E, 717M, 783E, 783M Writing traits. Writing 443I, 469I, 481I, 507I, 535I, 561I, 561I, 535I, 507I, 469I,443I, 481I, 717I, 687I, 657I, 631I, 603I, 591I, 783I 757I, 729I, 561O, 561Q. 561Q. 561O, Vocabulary: dictionary, using. Vocabulary: 34, 43D, 43O, 43F, 43R, 77B, 69F, 81R, 81P, 81F, 81T, 82I, 85, 97, 107D, 198, 184, 179, 176I, 107R, 107O, 223, 220I, 208I, 207Q, 207O, 207D, 247Q, 247O, 238, 247D, 230, 237, 373O, 373D, 352, 345, 329F, 248I, 405Q, 405O, 405D, 382, 377, 373R, 561D, 554, 549, 543, 507D, 485, 757O, 757D, 733, 561Q, 561O, T4, T7, T9; T9; T7, T4, T9; 302–303B, 342J, 372, 373A, 400, 373A, 372, 342J, 302–303B, 562J, 680, 687F Study skills.Study Details. Description, as text structure. Differentiated instruction, instruction, Differentiated Dictionary, using, Diagram. Diagram. Denotation, Denotation, Decoding Decodable Passages, Dialogue, T34 Index Figure ofspeech, language Figurative Fantasy, Fact andopinion. Fable, Ff Extra Support, Expository nonfiction. Evaluating. 657S 577, 619, 675, 643, 703, 743, 769 357, 391, 425,191, 457, 233, 495, 257, 521, 289, 551, 314, 315, 318, vocabulary, Writing traits: word choice. devices: figurative language; strategies: evaluate. opinion. and fact skills: Comprehension Informational Text. Key 783D, 783V 783D, 757C, 757D, 757V, 760, 783C, 720, 729C, 729D, 729V, 732, 687V, 690, 717C, 717D, 717V, 657D, 657V, 687C, 664, 687D, 631C, 631D, 631V, 657C, 634, 594, 603C, 603D, 603V, 606, 561V, 591C, 564, 591D, 591V, 535D, 535V, 542, 561C, 561D, 507C, 507D, 507V, 510, 535C, 472, 481C, 481D, 481V, 484, 443V, 469D, 469C, 469V, 446, 405D, 405V, 412, 443D, 443C, 373C, 373D, 373V, 376, 405C, 332, 341C, 341D, 341V, 344, 303V, 329C, 306, 329D, 329V, 271D, 271V, 278, 303C, 303D, 247C, 247D, 247V, 250, 271C, 210, 219C, 219D, 219V, 222, 175V, 178, 207C, 207D, 207V, 143D, 143V, 150, 175C, 175D, 107C,84, 107D, 107V, 110, 143C, 69V, 69D, 81C, 72, 81D,69C, 81V, 45, 778–781 414–435, 689, 692–709 4.1 = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade See 18, 43C, 43D, 43V, 46, 29, 55, 95, 125, 159,

Comprehension Comprehension 652–655, 657Q, 657Q, 652–655, See .

See

See

Literary Literary

accuracy, speed, prosody,accuracy, speed, Fluency, First pointofview, person 759, 777A, 783K, 783L, 783N, 783Q 758I, 757Q, 757N, 757L, 757K, 753A, 729L, 729N, 729Q, 730I, 731, 751I, 717N, 717Q, 718I, 719, 725A, 729K, 687Q, 689, 688I, 711A, 717K, 717L, 662R, 663, 681A, 687K, 687L, 687N, 633, 651A, 657K, 657L, 657N, 657Q, 627A, 631K, 631L, 631N, 631Q, 632I, 603K, 603L, 603N, 603Q, 604I, 605, 599A, 593, 592I, 591Q, 591N, 591L, 561Q, 571, 563, 562I, 591K, 585A, 541,540R, 557A, 561K, 561L, 561N, 529A, 535K, 535L, 535N, 535Q, 509, 507Q, 507N, 508I, 507L, 507K, 481L, 481N, 481Q, 482I, 483, 503A, 470I, 469Q, 469N, 471, 477A, 481K, 469L, 445, 463A, 469K, 443Q, 444I, 410R, 411, 437A, 443L, 443N, 443K, 401A, 405K, 405L, 405N, 405Q, 375, 374I, 373Q, 373N, 373L, 373K, 341N, 341Q, 342I, 343, 367A, 364, 341L, 341K, 331, 337A, 330I, 329Q, 305,304I, 323A, 329K, 329L, 329N, 297A, 303K, 303L, 303N, 303Q, 277, 276R, 271Q, 271N, 271L, 271K, 265A, 249, 248I, 247Q, 247N, 247L, 219Q, 219S, 220I, 221, 243A, 247K, 208I, 209, 215A, 219K, 219L, 219N, 176I, 177, 175S, 201A, 207K, 207L, 207N, 175Q, 207Q, 175N, 175L, 175K, 169A, 149, 148R, 143Q, 143N, 143L, 107N, 107Q, 108I, 109, 137A, 143K, 107L, 107K, 101A, 83, 82I, 81Q, 81N, 69N, 69Q, 70I, 71,43Q, 77A, 43S, 81K, 44I, 81L, 45, 65A, 69K, 69L, 174–175B, 202–205 174–175B, 42–43B, 88,116, 168, 142–143B, 592B, 599A, 627A, 604B, 632B, 529A, 557A, 540K, 562B, 585A, 470B, 477A, 482B, 503A, 508B, 401A, 410K, 437A, 463A, 444B, 330B, 337A, 342B, 367A, 374B, 265A, 276K, 297A, 323A, 304B, 208B, 215A, 220B, 243A, 248B, 137A, 148K, 169A, 176B, 201A, 65A,44B, 77A, 82B, 101A, 108B, 16R, 17, 37A, 43K, 43L, 43N, 16K, 37A, 37A, 16K, group reading, Fluency SolutionsAudio CD,Fluency explain/practice ELL, echo reading, cooperative learning, choral reading, Beyond Level for. Options Approaching Level Options 777A 718B, 725A, 730B, 753A, 711A, 758B, 688B, 681A, 662K, 651A, 265A, 297A, 323A, 401A, 437A, 107Q, 137A, 169A, 201A, 215A, 758B, 777A 711A, 718B, 725A, 730B, 753A, 632B, 651A, 681A, 662K, 688B, 585A, 592B, 599A, 627A, 604B, 508B, 529A, 557A, 540K, 562B, 463A, 470B, 477A, 482B, 503A, 374B, 401A, 410K, 437A, 444B, 323A, 330B, 337A, 342B, 367A, 248B, 265A, 276K, 297A, 304B, 201A, 208B, 215A, 220B, 243A, 108B, 137A, 148K, 169A, 176B, 37A, 44B, 65A, 77A, 82B, 101A, 753A, 777A 627A, 651A, 681A, 711A, 725A, 503A, 529A, 557A, 585A, 599A, 367A, 401A, 437A, 463A, 477A, 243A, 265A, 297A, 323A, 337A, 101A, 137A, 169A, 201A, 215A, 651A, 681A, 711A, 753A, 777A 503A, 529A, 557A, 585A, 627A, 367A, 401A, 437A, 463A, 477A, 201A, 243A, 265A, 297A, 323A, 711A, 725A, 768 494, 529A, 477A 599A, 603M, 627A, 437A, 364, 337A, 323A, 207Q, 207S, 215A, 219S, 271N, 201A, 137A, 81Q, 81N, 77A, 69S, 725A, 753A, 777A 599A, 627A, 651A, 681A, 711A, 477A, 503A, 529A, 557A, 585A, 337A, 367A, 401A, 437A, 463A, 215A, 243A, 265A, 297A, 323A, 77A, 101A, 137A, 169A, 201A, Options: fluency. for. 753A 753A 247Q, 262, 401A, 503A, 651A, Beyond Level fluency. Options: 37A, 65A, 101A, 137A, 169A, See Approaching Level 43N, 69N, 69Q, 69Q, 69N, 43N, 30, 65A, 69Q, 37A, 77A, 101A, 101A, 77A, 37A, 37A, 65A, 77A, 37A, 65A, See 16K, 16K, Index T35 Index , 725B, , 725B, 633 298, 299, 301, 17, 20, 22, 25, 33, 38, 38, 33, 25, 22, 20, 17, 414–435, 689, 692–709 45, 778–781 209, 280–295, 652–655 Comprehension skills: Comprehension 102, 109, 112, 119, 138, 144, 149, 149, 144, 138, 86, 92, 83, 119, 74, 48, 66, 71, 45, 112, 109, 102, 152, 267, 158, 170, 266, 171, 177, 255, 180,202, 203, 186, 204, 252, 205, 209, 221, 249, 308, 244, 305, 298, 224, 280, 277, 438, 272, 414, 411, 346, 348, 368, 343, 331, 402, 324, 381, 486, 378, 483, 375, 558, 471, 544, 464, 448, 541, 445, 530, 512, 509, 504, 663, 658, 608, 605, 593, 586, 566, 563, 731, 652, 636, 719, 633, 712, 628, 692, 689, 682, 666, 784 778, 762, 759, 754, 734, fable, fantasy, classic novel, classic 729Q, 729S See generalizations, making. of, features reading fiction 148, 153, 167, 169, 173, 176, 181, 181, 176, 173, 220, 169, 215, 167, 213, 153, 208, 148, 205, 201, 199, 225, 243, 241, 245, 248, 253, 263, 374, 301, 295, 297, 265, 281, 276, 269, 371, 367, 435, 365, 304, 309, 323,321, 330, 415, 327, 347, 335, 342, 410, 403, 337, 401, 399, 503, 379, 501, 467, 463, 461, 487, 449, 444, 441, 482, 540, 437, 533, 477, 529, 475, 585, 527, 470, 583, 513, 567, 508, 562, 505, 559, 557, 662, 545, 655, 651, 649, 709, 589, 592, 599, 597, 604, 693, 609, 637, 627, 688, 632, 685, 629, 681, 679, 667, 715, 718, 723,711, 725, 730, 735, 751, 753, 755, 758, 763, 777, 781 303Q, 303S, 570 303S, 303Q, Gg Generalizations, making. Genre Folk tale, Foreshadowing, Functional documents Fluency: 43N, 69N, 81N, 81N, 69N, 43N, 65A, 69N, 69Q, 16, 21, 37, 41, 44, 41, 37, 21, 16, 43N, 43Q, 69N, See also See also 16R, 44I, 70I, 82I, 82I, 44I, 70I, 16R,

108I, 148R, 176I, 208I, 220I, 220I, 208I, 176I, 148R, 108I, 374I, 342I, 304I, 330I, 276R, 248I, 508I, 482I, 444I, 470I, 410R, 604I, 632I, 540R, 592I, 562I, 758I 730I, 688I, 718I, 662R, 219Q, 219S, 243A, 247N, 247Q, 247Q, 247N, 243A, 219S, 219Q, 271S, 271Q, 271N, 265A, 247S, 323A, 303S, 303Q, 303N, 297A, 329N, 329Q, 329S, 337A, 341N, 373N, 364, 367A, 341S, 341Q, 405Q, 405N, 401A, 373S, 373Q, 443S, 443Q, 443N, 437A, 405S, 469N,463A, 469Q, 494, 469S, 503A, 481S, 481Q, 481N, 477A, 535N, 529A, 507S, 507Q, 507N, 561Q, 561N, 557A, 535S, 535Q, 591S, 591Q, 591N, 585A, 561S, 627A, 603S, 603Q, 603N, 599A, 657N, 651A, 631S, 631Q, 631N, 687Q, 687N, 681A, 657S, 657Q, 717S, 717Q, 717N, 711A, 687S, 753A, 729S, 729Q, 729N, 725A, 777A, 768, 757S, 757Q, 757N, 783N, 783Q, 783S 219Q, 219N, 143N, 137A, 69S, 503A, 401A, 247Q, 247N, 243A, 753A 651A, 627A, 591N, workstations. 219N, 207N, 175N, 143N, 107N, 341N, 329N, 303N, 271N, 247N, 469N, 443N, 481N, 405N, 373N, 603N, 591N, 561N, 535N, 507N, 729N, 717N, 687N, 657N, 631N, 757N, 783N 69Q, 81N, 81Q,107N, 107Q, 207N, 175Q, 175N, 143Q, 143N, 247Q, 247N, 219Q, 219N, 207Q, 329N, 303Q, 303N, 271Q, 271N, 373Q, 373N, 341Q, 341N, 329Q, 469N, 443Q, 443N, 405Q, 405N, 507Q, 507N, 481Q, 469Q, 481N, 591N, 561Q, 561N, 535Q, 535N, 631Q, 631N, 603Q, 603N, 591Q, 717N, 687Q, 687N, 657Q, 657N, 757Q, 757N, 729Q, 729N, 717Q, 783N, 783Q. 49, 63, 65, 67, 70, 75, 77, 82, 87, 99, 99, 87, 82, 77, 75, 70, 67, 65, 63, 49, 101, 105, 108, 113, 135, 141, 137, tempo and pace, tempo and pace, timed reading, word automaticity, workstations, Focus question, Focus 17, 45, 45, 17, On On

See 70I, 148R, 276R, 276R, 148R, 70I, 37A, 43N, 43Q, 43Q, 43N, 37A, 37A, 83, 101A,

16R, 44I, 69N, 69N, 44I, 16R, 69Q, 69S, 77A, 17, 30, 37A, 43M, 43M, 37A, 30, 17, 43M, 43Q, 201A, 221, 249, 277, 305, 331, 343, 375, 375, 343, 331, 563, 305, 71, 83, 109, 149, 169A, 209, 541, 177, 277, 509, 249, 483, 731, 221, 471, 719, 445, 689, 411, 663, 633, 605, 593, 759 463A, 477A, 494, 503A, 557A, 557A, 503A, 494, 477A, 463A, 725A, 681A, 627A, 599A, 585A, 768 410R, 585B, 591N, 591Q, 591S, 591S, 591Q, 591N, 585B, 410R, 662RS 632I, intonation, 69O, 201A, 297A, 331, 337A, 365, 365, 337A, 331, 297A, 201A, 69O, 471, 445, 437A, 411, 375, 367A, 663, 563, 633, 557A, 483, 541, 759 711A, 689, 681A, 43S, 65A, 69N, 69Q, 69S, 77A, 81N, 81Q, 81S, 101A, 107N, 107Q, 143S, 143Q, 143N, 137A, 107S, 201A, 175S, 175Q, 175N, 169A, 219N, 215A, 207S, 207Q, 207N, Level Options: fluency. Level 69Q, 69S, 70I, 108I, 143M, 175N, 175N, 143M, 108I, 70I, 69S, 69Q, 247N, 219S, 207S, 207Q, 175Q, 303Q, 303N, 271N, 247S, 247Q, 443N, 405S, 405Q, 405N, 303S, 443Q, 443S, 535N, 535Q, 535S, 603Q, 603N, 561S, 561Q, 561M, 757S 757Q, 757N, 603S, 175Q, 175N, 169A, 101A, 37A, 265A, 262, 207S, 207Q, 175S, 364, 367A, 337A, 323A, 297A, 557A, 529A, 494, 463A, 437A, 777A 681A, 603N, 563, 169A, 175Q, 265A, 297A, 331, 331, 297A, 265A, 175Q, 169A, 445, 463A, 471, 411, 375, 367A, 605, 563, 593, 557A, 483, 541, 777A 759, 689, 681A, 663, 81N, 81Q, 215A, 219N, 243A, 599A 477A, 401A, 437A, 323A, 262, 207S, 207Q, 711A, 603N, 561N, 529A, 494, 725A, 768 On Level Options for. OptionsOn for. Level modeling fluent reading, reading with expression and repeated reading, repeated partner reading, pauses, stops and intonation, and intonation, pauses, stops phrase-cued text, pronunciation, punctuation, Readers Theater, T36 Index reading nonfiction memoir, magazine article, letters, journals, informational nonfiction, how-to article online, article, encyclopedia editorial, diaries, biography, autobiography, almanac entry, trickster tale, trickster tall tale, song lyrics, story,short science fiction, realistic fiction, play, myth, mystery, legend, humorous fiction, historical fiction, historical fiction, folk tale, Key Informational text. 734–751, 762–775, 784. 731, 712–715, 722–725, 719, 682–685, 658, 636–649, 628–629, 605, 596–599, 593, 586–589, 541, 512–527, 501, 445, 464–467, 474–477, 486– 411, 438–441, 378–399, 371, 368– 334–337, 324–327, 322, 308–321, 277, 305, 272–273, 266–269, 224–241, 221, 212–215, 202–205, 194, 170–173, 138–141, 109, 102–105, 83, 74–77, 48–63, 138–141, 464–467 373S 373Q, 266–269, 271Q, 271S, 368-371, 322, 378–399, 445, 536, 719 608–625, 633 544–555, 448–461, 180–199, 541 652–655 4.1 144–146, 566–583 144–146, 530–533, 663 530–533, 194 = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 346–365, 483 324–327 109 20–35 209, 280–295, 298–301, 280–295, 209, 652–655 194 712–715 149, 563 149, 224–241, 308–321, 308–321, 224–241, 17, 331 298–301 ,406, 628–629,406, 170–173 666–679 83 86–99, 112–135, 38–41, 152–167, 177, 177, 152–167, 252–263, 759

38–41, See also See also Grammar Glossary, conjunctions, conjunctions, reading poetry, adverbs adjectives abbreviations, capitalization, T10 social studies articles, social studiesarticles, textbook, speech, science articles, science articles, sources, primary photo essay, article, newspaper proper nouns, titles, titles, narrative nonfiction, narrative nonfiction, first word insentence, first proper adjectives, using moreandmost, using goodandwell, that tell how, where, when, comparative, using goodandbad, superlative, proper, comparativeirregular forms, comparative, common andproper, articles, 207J, 247J 207J, 754–755. 754–755. 558–559, 509, 689, 504–505, 245, 249, 343, 375, 402–403, 471, 247J, 443J, 561I–561J 266–269, 438–441, 712–715 438–441, 266–269, 170–173, 202–205, 368-371, 464–467, 682–685 368-371, 202–205, 170–173, 593, 636–649, 734–751 636–649, 593, 783J 687I–687J 631J, 657I–657J 631J, 657I–657J . 464–467, 469Q, 469S, 247J See also 561I–561J, 783J 561I–561J, 305 591B, 91I–591J 591B, See also 202–205 43I, 43J, 175I, 175J, 43J, 43I, 81I–81J, 143I–143J, 143I–143J, 81I–81J, 603I–603J, 631I– 486–501 271J, 783J 271J, 603I–603J, 631I– 603I–603J, 687I–687J, 717I–717J 66–67, 71, 244– 175I–175J Writer’s Toolbox. Writer’s 38–41, 102–105, 102–105, 38–41, 202–205, 221 202–205, Poetry. 561I–561J, 438–441 687J 512–527, 512–527, 657I–657J 561I–561J 717I–717J 43I, 43J 43I, 138–141, 138–141, 4.4: 603I

punctuation, pronouns prepositional phrases, prepositional nouns negatives, prepositions, possessives, plurals, mechanics andusage, mechanics interjections, contractions, abbreviations, subject, pronoun, reflective pronoun–verb agreement, pronoun–antecedent possessive, object, contractions, antecedents, singular, proper, possessive, plural, plurals, irregular common, commas, colon, apostrophes, 341J, 783J 247B, 247I–247J, 207J, 271J, 175B, 282, 303J, 143I–143J, 107I–107J, 783I–783J 783I–783J 687J, 717J, 729J, 757J, 783J 535J, 561J, 591J, 603J, 631J, 657J, 405J, 443J, 469J, 481J, 507J, 247J, 271J, 303J, 329J, 341J, 373J, 81J, 107J, 143J, 175J, 207J, 219J, 481I–481J agreement, in complex sentences, sentences, complex in 561J, 783J 143I–143J, 1207J, 271J, 303J, 341J, 507I–507J, 535J

207I–207J 107I–107J, 143I–143J 107I–107J, 270-271B 207I–207J, 271I–271J 175I–175J 469I–469J 469I–469J 729I–729J 207I–207J 69J, 81I–81J, 107I–107J, 175I–175J 247I–247J, 271I–271J 247I–247J, 43B, 43I, 43J, 81I–81J, 81I–81J, 43J, 43I, 43B, 247J, 757I–757J, 247J, 757I–757J, 507I–507J, 535I–535J 341J, 481J, 535I–535J 603J 247I–247J, 271I–271J 247I–247J, 247I–247J, 271I, 271I, 247I–247J, 443I–443J 535I–535J 443I–443J 271J, 783J 271J, 219I–2I9J 469I–469J 757I–757J, 757I–757J, 43J, 69J, 69J, 43J, Index T37 Index T10 147L, T8. 4.4: 4.2: 37, 41, 65, 67, 67, 65, 41, 37,

181, 189, 195, Phonics/ 252–263, 759 252–263, Vocabulary:

Penmanship. 152–167, 541 See

Phonics/Spelling; 379, 383, 387 See See See 464-467, 469Q, 469S 469Q, 464-467, See 530–531, 535Q, 535S, Author’s Craft; Literary

436, 438, 764, 774, 115, 223, 229, 230, 232, 237, 237, 230, 232, 223, 229, 115, 253, 254, 257, 259, 261, 263 261, 259, 254, 257, 253, 402–403, 405Q, 405S 405Q, 402–403, inference word, main idea, Comprehension Skills; Fluency; Comprehension Vocabulary. Phonics/Spelling; Spelling; Vocabulary: homophones. homographs. Vocabulary: GreekVocabulary: roots. 242, 247D, 247Q, 247S, 652–655 devices; Vocabulary. devices; See also 409L, 539L, 661L 539L, 409L, 101, 105, 137, 141, 169, 173, 201, 205, 205, 201, 173, 169, 141, 137, 105, 101, 557, 243, 245, 265, 269, 301, 297, 323, 533, 529, 505, 327, 367, 503, 781 371, 401, 467, 777, 403,463, 755, 437, 753, 441, 715, 655, 629, 651, 585, 589,559, 627, 711, 685, 681, Idioms, Historical fiction,Historical Home–School Connection, Homographs. Homophones. Humorous fiction, Hyperbole, Ii Graphs, Greek roots. Guide words, practice. Guided Hh Haiku, Handwriting. Headings, thinking, Higher level 513, 514, 21, 23, 23, 21, 735, 737, 735, 737, 475, 476 153, 155, 157, 637, 641, 642, 641, 637, 214, 598 567, 569, 571, 571, 569, 567, 724 336, 511B, 513, 513, 511B, 336, Graphic Graphic 113, 114, 120, 126, 415, 419, 422, 419, 415, 424, 766, 771 766, 49, 51, 52, 54, 56, 60, 60, 54, 56, 52, 51, 49, 347, 353, 355, 356, 356, 355, 353, 347, See

545, 547, 548, 551, 548, 551, 547, 545, . 693, 697, 698, 705, 703, 693, 697, 329B, 329I–329J, 341I– 329I–329J, 341I–341J, 525 575, 577, 581, 582 581, 577, 575, 429, 434,429, 449, 453, 455, 451, 460459, 62 24, 28, 31, 34, 225, 229, 236, 236, 229, 34, 225, 31, 28, 24, 239 500 490, 487, 365, 362, 359, 134 553, 554 674, 671, 668, 667, 646, 644, 678 740, 747, 750 282, 285, 287, 166, 281, 163, 295, 297, 309, 313, 316, 318, 320 708 707, 514, 525 341J, 373I–373J, 405B, 405I– 405B, 373I–373J, 341J, 481–481J 405J, 405I–405J 405B, 373I–373J, conclusion, main idea, compare and contrast, contrast, and compare fact and opinion, generalization, flow, judgment problem and solution, cause and effect, description, inference/opinion, sequence, setting flow, summary, perspective, author’s Venn diagram, purpose, author’s theme, tenses, usage, charts organizers diagrams webs maps Graphic aids. organizers Graphic

,

69B 329J, 341J 247J, 282, 282, 247J, 405I–405J 107I–107J, , , 247J 271J 81J 81I–81J, 143I–143J, 107B, 783I-783J 81I–81J, 107I–107J, 36, 43I, 143I–143J, 143I–143J, 43I, 36, 282, 302–303B, 303J 107B 405B 36, 43B, 43I–43J, 329I, 341I–341J, 729I 373B, 373I–373J 143B, 143I–143J 69I-69J, 528 81I–81J, 303B, 303I–303J 303B, 43I–43J 106-107B, 174-175B, 270- 341I–341J 247J 81I–81J, 143I–143J 207J 303I–303J, 329I–329J, 341I– 43B, 43I, 43J, 303J, 271J, 783J in compound sentences, 143I-143J, 783J 783I–783J 271B 303J 302–303B, in dates, in dates, a series, in items separate to 143I–143J 405B 147E 69I–69J 69I–69J, 81I–81J, 107I–107J, 69I–69J, 107I–107J, 81I–81J, 528 405B, 143I–143J, 373I-373J, 528 341J, 373I–373J, 405B, 405I–405J 405B, 373I–373J, 341J, dialogue, end, letter, clauses in, combining, with prepositions,combining underlining, complex, titles, quotation marks, semicolon, compound, fragments, simple, subjects and predicates, run-on, linking, main, types, helping, irregular, action, contractions with, sentences, sentences, subject–verb agreement, subject–verb verbs, T38 Index Inferences, making. making. Inferences, workstations. Independent Imagery, andphotographers Illustrators using Illustrations/photographs, Independent Practice for workstations. connections: Cross-curricular prompt. Picture See also 403, 405Q, 405S, 471, 509, 639. Ying–Hwa Hu,680 Ying–Hwa Wong, 264 Nicole E., 710Williams, Garth, Van Wright, Cornelius, 680 Upitis, Alvis, 650 Teague, 436 Mark, Soentpiet, Chris, 322 462 Kristina, Rodanas, Rich, Anna,100 168 C.F., Payne, Micucci, Charles, 776 Jim,136LaMarche, Jerome,Lagarrigue, 626 64 Johnson, Rebecca L., Maya Christina,Gonzalez, 200 Paul,Goble, 366 David,Diaz, 296 36 Joe, Cepeda, Burke, Jim,752 Brown–Wing, Katherine, 528 Mary, 400 Azarian, Alarcão, Renato, 584 758G–758H 730G–730H, 718G–718H, 688H, 632G–632H, 662P–662Q, 688G– 562H, 592G–592H, 604G–604H, 562G– 540P–540Q, 508G–508H, 470G–470H,444H, 482G–482H, 374G–374H, 410P–410Q, 444G– 342G–342H, 330G–330H, 304H, 304G– 276P–276Q, 248G–248H, 220G–220H, 208G–208H, 176H, 176G– 148P–148Q, 108G–108H, 44G–44H, 70G–70H, 82G–82H, 351, 432, 616, 764. 640, 50, 53, 115, 160, 187, 194, 283, 311, Managing the Class, Class, the Managing devices: figurative language. Comprehension skills: inferences, Comprehension inferences, skills: Key 4.1

53, 71, 229, 237, 240, 402– Author’s Craft; Literary Literary Craft; Author’s = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade

See 16P–16Q, 16P–16Q,

See also See

, Informational text Informational andMedia Information endings. Inflectional strategies: inferences, making. strategies: inferences, Comprehension making; literacy. connect andcompare, connect 757D, 757O, 757Q, 757Q, 757O, 757D, 341O, 341Q, 443O, 443Q, 733, Technology. ResearchandInquiry; literacy; Media Informational text; content vocabulary, features of, types of news story, maps, informational nonfiction, how-to article, magazine article, magazine article, line graph, letters, interview, 781 715, 629, 655, 685, 755, 628, 589, 371, 403, 441,141, 467, 505, 173, 533, 205, 559, 245, 269, 301, 327, 586, 628, 682, 712 682, 628, 586, 370, 402, 438, 464,203, 244, 266, 268, 298, 324, 368, 466, 504, 530,102, 104, 138, 140, 170, 172, 202, 682–684, 712–715 628–629, 586–589, 464–467, 438–441, 368–371, 324–327, 266–269, 202–205, 170–173, 141, 464–469 731, 734–751, 762–775 712–715, 719, 722–725, 685, 605, 628–629, 596–599, 593, 636–649, 586–589, 541, 682– 512–527, 486–501, 474–477, 411, 438–441, 445, 464–467, 378–399, 368–371, 334–337, 324–327, 322, 308–321, 305, 277, 272–273, 241, 266–269, 202–205, 212–215, 221, 224– 109, 138–141, 102–105, 83, 74–77, 48–63, 170–173, 194, 138–141 324–327 See 38–41, 102–105, 138– 38–41,

586–589 Computer literacy; literacy; Computer 438–441 438–441 628–629

4.3: 38, 40, 66, 38, 66, 40, 38–41, 333, 341D, T7 41, 67, 105, 38–41, Judgments, making, Journal writing, Jj Interview Intervention Program, Internet Navigator Instructional 729L, 757L, 783L 591L, 603L, 631L, 657L, 687L, 717L, 481L,443L, 469L, 507L, 535L, 561L, 271L, 303L, 329L, 341L, 373L, 405L, 107L, 143L, 175L, 207L, 219L, 247L, Interactive CD-ROM. CD-ROM. Interactive Inquiry; Study Technology. Skills; Inquiry; using;Internet, Researchand 591S, 756–757B 591S, 725, 735, 751,649, 763, 667, 775 675,602–603, 679, 603A–603B 609, 625, 637, 693, 709,545, 723, 551, 555,461, 567, 475, 583, 477, 597,391, 487, 599, 399, 501, 415, 513, 337, 379, 335, 347,329F, 357, 365, 425, 527, 435, 449,253, 457, 263, 281,181, 289, 295, 167, 191, 159, 153, 309, 199, 143A–143B, 321,142–143, 213, 215, 225,75, 77, 87, 95, 99, 241, 113, 125, 135, Technology: CD-ROM. Lesson plan,suggested weekly; text structure, text making. judgments Comprehension skills: time lines, table, social studiesarticles, science articles, sources, primary online article, 761A–761B, 762–775 761A–761B, 512–527, 511A–511B, 486–501, 170–173, 202–205, 368–371, 464–467, 682–685 368–371, 202–205, 170–173, 266–269, 438–441, 712–715 438–441, 266–269, . See , 540H, 586–589,, 540H, 591Q, 170–173 Computer literacy: literacy: Computer 682–685 485A–485B, 29, 35, 49, 55, 63, 368–371 38–41, 102–105, 38–41, 202–205

See 43L, 69L, 69L, 43L, See

138–141, 138–141, Index T39 Index 16, 17, 17, 16, 21, 49, 75, 87, 87, 75, 49, 21, 175A, 207A, 247A, 17, 45, 71, 83, 109, 109, 83, 71, 45, 17, 43A, 69A, 81A, 107A, 107A, 81A, 69A, 43A,

271A 149, 177, 209, 221, 249, 277, 305, 305, 277, 249, 483, 221, 209, 471, 445, 177, 411, 149, 375, 343, 331, 605, 563, 633, 593, 541, 509, 759 731, 719, 689, 663, techniques, 341S, 342, 373M, 373N, 373Q, 373Q, 373N, 373M, 342, 341S, 405Q, 405M, 405N, 374, 373S, 443N, 443M, 410, 410H, 405S, 444, 443S, 443Q, 469M, 469N, 481N, 481M, 469Q, 470, 469S, 507N, 507M, 482, 481S, 481Q, 535N, 535M, 508, 507S, 507Q, 540H, 540, 561M, 535S, 535Q, 591M, 562, 561S, 561Q, 561N, 591N, 591Q, 591S, 592, 603M, 631M, 604, 603S, 603Q, 603N, 632, 657M, 631S, 631Q, 631N, 662, 662H, 657S, 657Q, 657N, 688, 687S, 687Q, 687N, 687M, 717M, 717N, 717Q, 717S, 718, 730, 729S, 729Q, 729N, 729M, 757M, 757N, 757Q, 757S, 758, 783M, 783N, 783Q, 783S 113, 153, 181, 215, 225, 253, 281, 281, 253, 225, 215, 475, 181, 449, 153, 415, 379, 113, 347, 335, 309, 487, 513, 545, 567, 693, 763 723, 735, 597,667, 609, 637, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, 175A, 275E, 271A, 247A, 219A, 207A, 341A, 329A, 303A, 275K–275L, 409E, 405A, 409K–409L,373A, 535A, 507A, 481A, 469A, 443A, 591A, 561A, 539K–539L, 539E, 661K– 661E, 657A, 631A, 603A, 757A, 729A, 717A, 687A, 661L, 783A, 787E, 787K–787L 220, 209, 208, 109, 108, 83, 82, 177, 71, 305, 70, 44, 45, 304, 176, 277, 149, 410, 276, 148, 375, 249, 248, 374, 343, 483, 221, 482, 342, 471, 331, 470, 330, 592, 445, 563, 444, 562, 411, 541, 540, 509, 508, 758, 731, 730, 604, 662, 663,593, 633, 605, 632, 719, 718, 689, 688, 759 to identify persuasive Listening Library, Library, Listening for a purpose, strategies, strategies, oral language, develop to

See Listening Listening 148I, 276I, 410I, 410I, 276I, 148I, 43R, 69R, 81R, 81R, 69R, 43R,

See 16I, 16H, 16I, 43M, 43N, 438–441, 443Q, 443S, 443S, 443Q, 438–441,

504–505 Study skills; Theme Projects.Study T10

303V, 329V, 341V, 373V, 405V, 405V, 373V, 341V, 329V, 303V, 535V, 507V, 481V, 469V, 443V, 657V, 631V, 603V, 591V, 561V, 783V 757V, 729V, 717V, 687V, 16H, 16I, 43A, 69A, 81A, 107A, 107A, 81A, 69A, 43A, 16I, 16H, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, 148H, 247A, 219A, 207A, 175A, 148I, 271A, 275E, 275K–275L, 276H, 373A, 341A, 329A, 303A, 276I, 410H, 409K–409L, 409E, 405A, 507A, 481A, 469A, 443A, 410I, 535A, 539E, 539K–539L, 540H, 631A, 603A, 591A, 540I, 561A, 662H, 661K–661L, 661E, 657A, 757A, 729A, 717A, 687A, 662I, 783A, 787E, 787K–787L comprehension. guidelines, 540I, 662I 43Q, 43S, 44, 69M, 69N, 69Q, 69S, 70, 81M, 81N, 81Q, 81S, 82, 107M, 107N, 107Q, 107S, 108, 143M, 143N, 143Q, 143S, 175S, 148H, 175Q, 175N, 175M, 148I, 207M, 207N, 207Q, 207S, 176, 208, 219M, 219N,219Q, 219S, 220, 247M, 247N, 247Q, 247S, 271S, 271Q, 271N, 271M, 248, 303Q, 303N, 303M, 276, 276H, 329Q, 329N, 304, 329M, 303S, 341Q, 341N, 341M, 330, 329S, 107R, 143R, 175R, 207R, 219R, 219R, 207R, 175R, 143R, 107R, 341R, 329R, 303R, 271R, 247R, 405R, 443R, 469R,373R, 481R, 603R, 591R, 561R, 535R, 507R, 729R, 717R, 687R, 657R, 631R, 757R, 783R 4.4: 16H–16I, 148H–148I, 276H–276I, 276H–276I, 148H–148I, 16H–16I, 441, 3410H–410I, 341S, 341Q, 337B, 533, 540H–540I, 662H–662I. also On Level Options, Level On active and attentive listening, listening, active and attentive comprehension. and conversation discussion discussions, Limerick, Line graph, Listening Library or media center, using, Library or media center, 43P, 43P, 147I– 548, 550, 548, 550, 43T, 69T, 43T, 148H Phonics/Spelling;

Writing forms and Writing

See 147I–147J, 477B also

346–365, 483 346–365, 271, 271B, 324–327, 329R, 329P, See 43V, 69V, 81V, 107V, 143V,

69P, 81P, 107P, 143P, 175P, 207P, 207P, 175P, 143P, 107P, 81P, 69P, 329P, 303P, 271P, 247P, 219P, 469P, 443P, 405P, 373P, 341P, 591P, 561P, 535P, 507P, 481P, 717P, 687P, 657P, 631P, 603P, 783P 757P, 729P, 81T, 107T, 143T, 175T, 207T, 219T, 219T, 207T, 175T, 143T, 107T, 81T, 341T, 329T, 303T, 271T, 247T, 481T, 469T, 443T, 405T, 373T, 603T, 591T, 561T, 535T, 507T, 729T, 717T, 687T, 657T, 631T, 757T, 783T 271V, 247V, 219V, 207V, 175V,

Vocabulary: Latin roots.Vocabulary: Beyond Level Options, Level Beyond Approaching Level Options,Approaching Level ELL, 16L–16O, 44C–44F, 70C–70F, 82C–82F, 108C–108F, 148L–148O, 176C–176F, 208C–444F, 220C–220F,276L–276O, 248C–248F, 304C–304F, 410L–410O, 374C–374F, 342C–342F, 482C–482F, 330C–330F, 470C–470F, 444C–444F, 540L–540O,508C–508F, 562C–562F, 592C–592F, 604C–604F, 718C–718F, 688C–688F, 662L–662O, 632C–632F, 730C–730F, 758C–758F modes: letters.modes: 329T. 147J, 477B 556, 591F, 662I 591F, 556, Leveled Reader Lessons Leveled Letters, Lesson Plans, suggested weekly, suggestedLesson Plans, weekly, Legend, Language, variations in, Latin roots. Ll Key words, words, Key Keys and legends, Kk techniques, Keyboarding T40 Index Literary devices Literary Library,Listening figurative language, dialogue, conflict resolution, conflict character, assonance, aphorisms, alliteration, 513, 545, 567, 597, 609, 637, 667, 667, 637, 735, 723, 763693, 609, 597, 567, 545, 513, 335, 347, 379,153, 415, 181, 449, 215, 475, 225, 487, 253, 281, 309, to presentations, to presentations, to interpret verbal andnonverbal metaphor imagery Key 754, 755 754, 561Q, 561S, 598, 614, 639, 752, 561F, 558–559, 509, 496, 491, 388, 402, 403, 405Q, 405S, 471, 247Q, 247S, 313, 319, 356, 380, 69Q, 69S, 229, 237, 244, 245, 787L 787L 729A, 757A, 783A, 787E, 787K– 661K–661L, 662I, 687A, 717A, 591A, 603A, 631A, 657A, 661E, 539E, 539K–539L, 561A, 540I, 443A, 469A, 481A, 507A, 535A, 405A, 409E, 409K–409L, 410I, 276I, 303A, 329A, 341A, 373A, 247A, 271A, 275E, 275K–275L, 147L, 148I, 175A, 207A, 219A, 81A, 107A, 143A, 147E, 147K– 247S, 645, 650 247S, 645, 757A, 783A, 787E, 787K–787L 661L, 662I, 687A, 717A, 729A, 603A, 631A, 657A, 661E, 661K– 539K–539L, 561A, 540I, 591A, 469A, 481A, 507A, 535A, 539E, 410I, 409K–409L, 409E, 443A, 303A, 329A, 341A, 373A, 405A, 276I, 275K–275L, 275E, 271A, 148I, 175A, 207A, 219A, 247A, 107A, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, messages, 405S, 639, 752, 755 752, 639, 405S, 405Q, 403, 388, 380, 244, 509, 639509, 402–403, 405Q, 405S, 471, 4.1 = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 778–781, 783Q, 783S 778–781, 783Q, 27, 680 100, 400, , 53, 71, 229, 237, 240, 746 53, 244–245, 247Q, 247Q, 244–245, 53, 66, 67,66, 69Q, 69S , 53, 66–67, 69Q, 69S, 16I, 43A, 69A, 81A,

21, 49, 75, 87, 113, 16I, 43A, 69A, 433 53, 66–67, 66–67, 53, Literary response. response. Literary word choice, symbolism, suspense, rhyme/rhyme scheme, moral, meter, hyperbole, sounds oflanguage, words, details, images, sensory rhythm, onomatopoeia, repetition, herring, red protagonist, protagonist, foreshadowing, flashback, figure of speech, reading and responding, reading andresponding, personal, connections. personification simile 247Q, 247S, 558, 645, 650 754–755, 757Q, 757S 757Q, 754–755, 652–655, 657Q, 657S 657Q, 652–655, 303Q, 303S, 570 53, 639 64, 507Q, 507S 504–505, 783Q, 783S 783Q, 561S 657S 725, 751,725, 775 709, 679, 649, 625, 599, 583, 555, 365, 399, 435,199, 461, 215, 241, 321, 295, 263, 337, 477, 501, 527, 405R, 405T,405R, 443P, 443T, 443R, 341T, 373P, 373R, 373T, 405P, 329P, 329R, 329T, 341P, 341R, 271R, 271T, 303P, 303R, 303T, 219T, 247P, 247R, 247T, 271P, 207P, 207R, 207T, 219P, 219R, 143R, 143T, 175P, 175R, 175T, 143P, 107T, 107R, 107P, 81T, 81R, 43T,43R, 69P, 69T, 81P, 69R, 639, 754–755, 757Q, 757S 757Q, 754–755, 639, 755 558–559, 561Q, 561S, 639, 752, 296, 298, 301, 778, 781, 504, 507Q, 507S 504, 53, 471, 509 , 53, 313, 319, 356, 380, 158, 200 158, 35, 63, 77, 99, 135, 167, 156 255, 264, 462, 645, 650, 530–531, 535Q, 535S, 535S, 535Q, 530–531, 298, 303Q, 300., 303S 25

290, 626, 647 530–531, 535Q, 535S 535Q, 530–531, 53, 558–559, 561Q, 298, 299, 301, 299, 298, , 53, 491, 496, See also 652–655, 657Q, 657Q, 652–655, 244–245, 244–245, 71, 471, 471, 71, Text Text 43P, Literature selections, main selections, Literature My Brother Martin Brother My FranklinHow Ben Stole the The GoldRush Game the Territory,” Undersea “Exploring LaRue Mrs. Dear Mighty Jackie:Mighty TheStrikeout Queen Explorer,” aBone–ified “Meet Me andUncle Romie oftheLife andTimes Ant at Work,” Reporters “Kid Mr.Dear Winston The Cricket Square inTimes response journal, response torespond readalouds, The BlindHunter Because ofWinn–Dixie At Homeinthe Coral Reef The Astronaut andthe Onion “Animals Come HomeAdelina’s Whales to Our (Moss), 152–167 Lightning 596–599 252–263 722–725 608–625 762–775 (Selden), 692–709 448–461 679, 709, 725, 751, 775 725, 709, 679, 501, 527, 555,321, 583, 337, 599, 365, 625,135, 399, 649, 167, 435, 199, 461, 215, 477, 241, 263,731, 759 295, 719, 689, 593, 633, 663, 605, 445, 471, 483,249, 509, 541, 277, 563, 305, 221, 177, 149, 209, 109, 83, 71, 331, 343, 375, 411, 783T 783R, 729T, 757P, 757R, 757T, 783P, 717P, 717R, 717T, 729P, 729R, 657R, 657T, 687P, 687R, 687T, 603T, 631P, 631R, 631T, 657P, 591P, 591R, 591T, 603P, 603R, 535R, 535T, 561P, 561R, 561T, 481T, 507P, 507R, 507T, 535P, 469P, 469T, 469R, 481P, 481R, 544–555 512–527 (Cameron), 86–99 (Cameron), National Parks,” 74–77 (Schanzer), 224–241 (Schanzer), (Teague), 414–435 (Rodanas), (Rodanas), (Sobol), 486–501 (Sobol), (Roberts), (Roberts), (Farris), 308–321 35, 63, 77, 99, (Hartfield), (Hartfield), (Wu), 666–679 (DiCamillo), (DiCamillo),

(Micucci), (Micucci), (Muzik), (Muzik), 334–337 17, 45, 45, 17,

Index T41 Index

See 23, 30, 30, 23,

21, 35, 43O, See also . 21, 75, 87, 153, 213, 213, 153, 87, 75, 21, Comprehension; Literary devices: 115, 126, 676, 694, 704 694, 676, 126, 115,

282, 284, 742

See See . 504, 507S 507Q, 43R, 49, 63, 69O, 69R, 75, 77, 81O, 81O, 77, 69R, 75, 69O, 63, 49, 43R, 135, 113, 107R, 107O, 99, 87, 81R, 143O, 143R, 153, 159, 167, 175O, 175R, 179A–179B, 219O, 215, 180–199, 213, 207R, 207O, 199, 181, 247O, 224–241, 223A–223B, 219R, 271O, 252–263, 251A–251B, 247R, 303R, 303O, 295, 309, 281, 271R, 329O,321, 329R, 335, 341O, 337, 379, 373R, 373O, 365, 347, 341R, 413A–413B, 405R, 405O, 399, 447A– 443R, 443O, 414–435, 469O, 461, 449, 448–461, 447B, 487, 481R, 481O, 477, 469R, 475, 527, 507R, 513, 507O, 501, 493, 561R, 561O, 555, 545, 535R, 535O, 597, 591R, 591O, 589, 583, 567, 631O, 625, 609, 603R, 603O, 599, 649, 657R, 657O, 667, 637, 631R, 717O, 709, 693, 687R, 687O, 679, 723, 725, 729O, 729R,717R, 735, 751, 757O, 757R, 763, 775, 783O, 783R 157, 126, 90, 96, 115, 89, 53, 50, 607A–607B, 349, 524, 284, 260, 282, 312, 235, 162, 452, 421, 420, 608–625, 635A–635B, 631O, 636–649, 721A–721B, 704, 694, 729O, 733A–733B, 722–725, 734–751, 757O 362, 349, 347, 735, 335, 723, 309, 637, 281, 609, 225, 597, 475, 379, 763 Fluency; Phonics/Spelling; Vocabulary. Monitor and clarify. Monitor Paraphrasing; Predictions,Paraphrasing; Confirm to making; Ways Meaning. questions, generate metaphor; Poetry: metaphor. metaphor; Poetry: metaphor. read ahead, monitor comprehension,monitor paraphrase, reading rate, Metacognitive strategies. Metacognitive Metaphor Meter, Modeling. Monitor and Clarify

62, 540I See

Genre: Genre:

(Reed) 652–655 (Reed) See Comprehension 62, 148I, 154, 276I, 276I, 154, 148I, 62,

See 16I, 148I, 154, 276I, 398, 398, 276I, 154, 148I, 16I, 62, 148I, 154, 398, 433, 433, 398, 154, 148I, 62, 266–269 , 149, 563 , 149, 154, 321, 398, 433, 540I, 540I, 433, 398, 321, 154,

Graphic organizers: maps See 582, 550, 647, 699 forms, 647, 550, 582, media, 492, 550, 662I, 744 154, 492 media, 492, 540I, 662I 647, in media,techniques Players!” 586–589 (Ray), 38–41 (Michaels), Pieces” 102–105 understanding different media various viewing and comparing Grammar: mechanics and usage. skills: main ideas and details. reading nonfiction; forms Writing and modes. 321, 398, 433, 492, 540I, 550, 582, 582, 550, 540I, 492, 433, 398, 321, 744 699, 662I, 647, ideas,comparing points of view, identifying, analyzing role of identifying persuasive “Presenting the Puddle Jump the Puddle “Presenting the Puzzle “Putting Together “Snakes,” (Morabito) The Solar System Bill of Pecos The Tale 210–211, 178–179, 18–19, 46–47, 72–73, 150–151, 84–85, 110–111, 306– 278–279, 250–251, 222–223, 332–333,307, 344–345, 376–377, 412–413, 446–447, 472–473, 542–543, 564–565, 484–485, 510–511, 594–595, 606–607, 634–635, 664– 665, 732–733, 690–691, 720–721, 760–761 Main ideas. Maps. Mechanics and usage. Media literacy, Lyric, song Mm article. Magazine Literature selections,vocabulary

(Perez) (Yolen), (Yolen),

(Reed), (Reed), (Johnson), (Johnson), (Anaya), (Martin), 378– 474–477 (Goble), 346–365 (Peterson), 636–649 (Peterson), (Reed), 530–533 (Reed), (LaMarche), 112–135 (LaMarche), (Poole), 778–781 734–751 180–199 (Hurwitz), 20–35 566–583 (Lightfoot), 368–371 754–755 712–715 (Christopher), 438–441 280–295 48–63 399 298–301 402–403 (Angelou), 558–559 202–205 138–141 244–245 (Graham), 464–467(Alexander), 628–629 Atlantis My Brother’s Flying Machine Machine Flying Brother’s My The Ant and the Grasshopper Grasshopper and the The Ant 170–173 “Baseball (Ray), Greats” “The Hills Powwow” Black My Diary from Here to There There to Here from Diary My Lunch Missing The Mystery of the Mystic Horse Dance Roadrunner’s The Power of Oil, of The Power (Deedy), Princess Ranita, the Frog The Raft “Brave New Heights” (Kulling), (Kulling), Heights” New “Brave “The (West), of a Lifetime” Chance 66–67 (Peterson), “Cinquains” “Dear Mrs. Parks” (Parks), 324–327 Scientists!” Amazes “Dog and Coyote Flycatcher Snowflake Bentley Wild Horses “Stealing Beauty,” 212–215 A Walk in the Desert “Gold!” (West), 682–685 “Gold!” (West), Issa), Basho, Joso, “Haiku” (Hashin, “I the Look Love of Words” “Immigrants Northeast,” in the (Schleichert), Swamp” the “Into Bolt” Bulb and Lightning “Light “Limericks” 504–505 (Beauregard), for Everybody” Life Easier “Make “Making (Hartfield), a Collage” Kingdom of and the Poseidon Literature selections, paired T42 Index On Level Options, Oo Nouns Note taking, Nonfiction. Newspaper article, Negatives, Narrator, Nn Myth, Mystery, words, Multiple-meaning Moral, visualize, self-correct, seek help,seek Point ofview. 662H, 729A, 729B, 787B 410H, 481A, 481B, 603B, 540H, 219A, 219B, 276H, 341A, 341B, Grammar: negatives. 405Q, 469F, 535F, 374I, 377, 382, 405D, 405F, 405O, reread, 405Q–405R, 443Q–443R, 469Q– 373Q–373R, 341Q–329R, 329R, 329Q– 303Q–303R, 271Q–271R, 247Q–247R, 219Q–219R, 207R, 207Q– 175Q–175R, 143Q–143R, 69Q–69R, 81Q–81R, 107Q–107R, 175A–175B, 350, 450 350, 175A–175B, 174–175, 168, 143A–143B, 142–143, 783S nonfiction. Key 567, 667 452, 524 452, 580, 676580, . 530–533, 663 530–533, 296, 298, 301, 778, 781, 783Q, See 23, 27, 30, 260, 493, 549, 42–43, 43A–43B, 116, 88, 4.1 20–35

Grammar: nouns. 729I–729J 157, 162, 312, 421 = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade See 50, 53, 55, 63, 235, 421, 16H, 81A, 81B, 148H, 148H, 81B, 81A, 16H, 89, 449, 96, 90, 487,

Genre: reading Genre: 4.3: 43Q–43R, 43Q–43R, 438–441 . . S See also T9 ee also 16Q, 16Q,

Oral language, Onomatopoeia, Online links, vocabulary, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension, comprehension, 783Q–783R 757Q–757R, 729Q–729R, 717R, 657Q–657R, 687Q–687R, 717Q– 591R, 603Q–603R, 631Q–631R, 561Q–561R,535Q–535R, 591Q– 469R, 481Q–481R, 507Q–507R, 540–541, 561F, 561V, 562–563, 507F, 535F, 507V, 508–509, 535V, 470–471, 481F, 481V, 482–483, 443F, 469F, 443V, 469V, 444–445, 374–375, 405F, 405V, 410–411, 341F, 341V, 342–343, 373F, 373V, 304–305, 329F, 329V, 330–331, 271F, 303V, 271V, 303F, 276–277, 248–249, 247F, 247V, 220–221, 207F, 176–177, 207V, 219F, 208–209, 219V, 175V, 175F, 148–149, 143V, 143F, 108–109, 107V, 107F, 82–83, 44–45, 69F, 69V, 70–71, 81F, 81V, 561S 783R 729Q, 757Q, 729R, 757R, 783Q, 657R, 687Q, 687R, 717Q, 717R, 603Q, 631Q, 603R, 631R, 657Q, 535R, 561Q, 561R, 591Q, 591R, 481Q, 481R, 507Q, 507R, 535Q, 469R, 469Q, 443Q, 443R, 405R, 341Q, 341R, 373Q, 373R, 405Q, 271R, 303Q, 329Q, 309R, 329R, 219Q, 219R, 247Q, 247R, 271Q, 143R, 175Q, 175R, 207Q, 207R, 143Q, 107R, 107Q, 81R, 81Q, 783Q 657Q, 687Q, 717Q, 729Q, 757Q, 535Q, 561Q, 591Q, 603Q, 631Q, 481Q,405Q, 443Q, 469Q, 507Q, 271Q, 303Q, 329Q, 341Q, 373Q, 143Q, 175Q, 207Q, 219Q, 247Q, 757R, 783R 757R, 631R, 657R, 687R, 717R, 729R, 507R, 535R, 561R, 591R, 603R, 481R,373R, 469R, 443R, 405R, 247R, 271R, 303R, 329R, 341R, 107R, 143R, 175R, 207R, 219R, 43Q, 69Q, 81Q, 107Q,

368–371, 373Q, 373S 373Q, 368–371, 43Q, 43R, 69Q, 69R, 69R, 69Q, 43R, 43Q, 16–17, 43F, 43V, 53, 558, 559, 561Q, 561Q, 559, 558, 53, 43R, 69R, 81R, Phonics/Spelling Persuasion, of. techniques Personification, Penmanship, ofabook, Parts Paraphrasing. Pp Outlining, 717B, 729B, 757B, 783B 561B, 591B, 603B, 631B, 657B, 687B, 443B, 481B, 469B, 507B, 535B, 303B, 329B, 341B, 373B, 405B, 143B, 175B, 207B, 219B, 247B, 271B, 757G-H, 757M, 783E, 783M 783G-H, 717M, 729M, 757E, 729E, 729G-H, 687E, 687M, 687G-H, 717E, 717G-H, H, 631M, 657E, 657G-H, 657M, 603E, 603G-H, 603M, 631E, 631G- 561G-H, 561M, 591E, 591G-H, 591M, 507M, 535E, 535G-H, 535M, 561E, 481G-H, 481M, 507E, 507G-H, 481E, 469M, 469G-H, 443M, 469E, 405M, 443E, 443G-H, 405G-H, 341M, 373E, 373G-H, 373M, 405E, 329E, 329M, 329G-H, 341E, 341G-H, H, 271M, 303E, 303M, 303G-H, 247E, 247G-H, 247M, 271E, 271G- 207G-H, 207M, 219E, 219G-H, 219M 143M, 175E, 175G-H, 175M, 207E, 107E, 107G-H, 107M, 143E, 143G-H, 69E, 69G-H, 69M, 81E, 81G-H, 81M, 603B, 729B modes: persuasive. Writing formsand literacy; Comprehension Media skills; 758–759, 783F, 783V 783F, 758–759, 729F, 729V, 730–731, 757F, 757V, 717F, 718–719, 717V, 688–689, 687F, 687V, 657F, 657V, 662–663, 631F, 631V,604–605, 632–633, 591F, 591V, 592–593, 603F, 603V, 754–755, 757Q, 757S 757Q, 754–755, See also clarify; ResearchandInquiry. clarify; Study skills. 81B, 219B, 341B, 481B, 43B, 69B, 81B, 107B, See 53, 491, 496, 639, 215B, 219Q, 219S. 219S. 219Q, 215B, , 43E, 43G-H, 43M, 43M, 43G-H, 43E,

Monitor and Monitor See T43

Index x nde I

T

, 9, 69 of 67,

1 754

83,

303G- 11

7 69S,

505, 247S 563, attern, ,

4 507S

249,

– G-H,

1 ,

66, 247S, , p 1 8

1 69R,

508S 405S

1

syllables, 558,

,

247Q,

247Q,

skills: 689,

, 56 1

54

504 in, 69Q, 375,

303E,

22

1

lurals;

7

, 247Q, vc/v

755 See also 507Q, Writing E,

69P, features

1 755

– 9, p

47 . 1 M M 247Q,

. 245,

245, 68-69B 68, 1

507Q, 1 1 1

663, 45,

405Q,

509,

47 559

343, 2

563 .

56 67,

755 67,

245, ,

lay; and 276R, 754 59 63 50 7, 505, and

–

67, 67, –

– 1

– 1 403, – 245, p

– 244, – 244, 49, 505, – r/, – lurals T 633,

66,

403, 483, 34 558, 66 209,

– rehension

û 1

language

, – 754 , 66 244 66 405Q, unaccented v/cv vccv, /

p 563,

486 p 504 G-H,

G-H,

1

1

modes

247 402 244 1 1

77, 69S, Grammar:

504

605,

48 33 759 402 of, hor,

ith ith

ith ith

1 59 63

Genre: , devices ,

p 403, 558,

49, Com 1 verse, 1

and of

w w w w . – See M E, E,

prompt, 49,

303M 1

1 1 1 247S, 247S, 69Q, , 47

73

603, essay, 305, See .

1

1

See 7 402 509, 63 59 56 H,

narrative, alliteration, limerick, lyric/song, haiku, free cinquain, concrete, assonance, meta figurative meter, ords ords ords ords lot 09, forms Vocabulary: literary Genre 1 p features 277, forms 445, 593, w 729, w w w Plurals. Poetry Photo Picture Plays. Plot.

75E,

247E,

08I,

M

y

7E,

1

1 E, 1 9M 342I, 1 g, 729G- E, 6R, ,

1 687M G-H, 757G- 7 1

783G-H,

1

657M

63

507E, 1 es, 2 69E, ords,

1

1 M

27 304I, 8 48R, 220I, endings, 1

48

469E,

1

w

soft

E, 07M,

r/, els, r/, /, 34 535G-H, th, sh, wh, î els, 729E, consonant 1

and 757E, ˙ G-H,

783E,

ô / 207M /ou/, 1

w 8

/

/u 1 w s 9G-H,

hones,

hs, 07G-H, tch, 687G-H, 1 and r/, /, p vo 43M

ound lex 657G-H, 63

letters, 2 p vo

405M 443M, a

1 373M ә G-H,

ū

c

p p 329M

/ and and 1 /

535E, 1

and

70I,

w E,

and

43M M M 1 /, 07G-H, /, r/

9E, 34 r/ refixes, lurals 1 1 7M 07E,

ü 1 â ô 687E, ä 1 207G-H, 63 homo suffixes, 1 inflectional com com ch soft sch long / / digra / /oi/ 75M

short 657E, 2 / and silent

p

p

1

E, 507M 48

27

7

247M

1

1

69M, r/, r/ n/, l/, 43G-H,

ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith 405G-H, 443G-H, 373G-H, ith 07E, ith 329G-H, ә ә ә û 34 82I,

1

/ / / / 1 43G-H,

207E, w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w G-H, w w G-H,

i, 757M 729M 1 1 783M M, 7G-H,

1 1 43E, 75G-H, 405E, ph, 1 clusters, 7 507G-H, 469G-H 69G-H, 443E, 247G-H, to 8 43E, 373E, 1 27 329E, 330I, H, 535M H, 48 final final final final ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w

ly,

E, M, M,

E, 7E, 1 1 07M, 1 E, 43E, 1 M, 07E, G-H, G-H, M,

M, 1 07E, pp 1 1 1 75M, 9E, 469E, 1 443M, 1 1 1 507E, 7 507M, 757M, 1 63 687M, 63 329E, 757E, 373E, 56 373M,

303M, 69G-H, 59

207E,

1

1

247E, 43M,

247M, 43G-H,

75M,

1

469G-H, 443E, 63 329E,

757G-H,

687M, 48 783M 535E, 34 2 373M, 56 657G-H,

27

59

729E,

247G-H,

M, E,

E, 1

1

M, M,

M, M, 1 1 1 07E, ords, E, 1 E, 1 1 1 9M 8 69E, 1 75E, 1 8

syllables, 43E, 1 443E, 1

63 507E, 757E, 75M, 56

687E, 373E,

303E, 443M, w

48 7M,

687M, 43E, 247E,

34 G-H, 2

303M, 56 1 603M, 729M,

E,

G-H, G-H, 469E,

757E,

34

1

56

1 1 657E, ractice/a M,

405M,

603M,

303M, 1 1 247E,

507M, 207M, 1 1

7

E,

M, 1 E, E, 8 M,

M, 75G-H, 1 p

1 1 8 48 687G-H, 783G-H, 1 603M 1 9E, 373G-H, 1 G-H, 9M 27 59 43M,

M,

1

1 1 1 43M, 75E, 1 9M 48 443E, 405M, 34 48 E, 2 E, 687E, 783M 535M, 56 603M, 729M, 34 2 8 657M, 27 303E, 603E, E, 729E,

E,

1 07M,

1

1

1 1 1 1 443M, 729M, 329M, 535M, 2 63 8

69M,

E, assages,

7G-H,

1 E,

E, E, 75E,

accented

1 1 M, M, 48 1 1

687E, 1 783E, 27 9E, 373E, 59

405G-H, 603G-H, 303G-H,

507G-H, 207G-H, p

1

1 1 7 7M, 8 1 43E,

43G-H, 43M, 1 48 34 405E, 535E, 2 783E, 27 603E, 657E, 729E,

ith

469M, 405M, 603G-H,

329M,

783M

207M, 657M,

535M,

1

27

59 7 M, M, G-H, multisyllabic 69E,

1

69M,

1 1 1 7E, 9G-H,

w 1 E, 07G-H, 1 lain/model, E, M, M, 43M, 1 1 1 1 603E, 63 657M, 303E, 729G-H, 757M, 7 329G-H, 34 405E, 43E, 69M, 469M, 443G-H, 247M, 207E, 2 1 1 507E, 56 535G-H, 7E, 7M, p 1 1 07M, 43E, 7 535E, 247M, 603E, 59 757M, 69E, 329E, 657E, 1 373M, 7 207M, 469E, 43M, 783E, 27 507M, 1 329M, 59 207E, 405E, 63 469M, ex ords decodable w decode T44 Index Predictions, making, making, Predictions, return andpurposes, Predictions Possessives, Point ofview, third, omniscient, narrator, 625, 649, 679,435, 709, 461, 725, 751, 477,241, 775 501, 263, 527, 295, 555, 321, 583, 337, 365, 399, to, first, 350 175A–175B, 174–175, 168, 143A–143B, 142–143, 116, 88, return to, 783T 783P, 783R, 763, 757V, 757T, 757P, 757R, 735, 717V, 723, 729P, 729T, 729R, 729V, 687T, 687V, 693, 717P, 717R, 717T, 657R, 657T, 657V, 667, 687P, 687R, 631P, 631R, 631T, 631V, 637, 657P, 597, 603P, 603T, 603R, 603V, 609, 561V, 567, 591P, 591R, 591T, 591V, 535T, 535V, 545, 561P, 561R, 561T, 507R, 507T, 507V, 513, 535P, 535R, 481P, 481R, 481T, 481V, 487, 507P,449, 469P, 469R, 469T, 469V, 475, 405V, 415, 443P, 443T, 443R, 443V, 373T, 373V, 379, 405P, 405T, 405R, 341R, 341T, 341V, 347, 373P, 373R, 341P, 335, 329V, 329T, 329P, 329R, 281, 303P, 303T, 303R, 303V, 309, 247V, 253, 271P, 271R, 271T, 271V, 219R, 219T, 225, 247P, 247R, 247T, 207P, 207T, 207R, 207V, 213, 219P, 153, 175P, 175R, 175T, 175V, 181, 107V, 113, 143P, 143R, 143T, 107T, 143V, 107R, 107P, 87, 81V, 81T, 81R, 43T, 49, 69P, 69T, 69V, 75, 69R, 81P, writing, simile, rhythm, rhyme/rhyme schemes, repetition, onomatopoeia, Key 174-175B, 202–203 174-175B, 99, 107N, 135, 143N, 167, 175N, 35, 63, 99, 135, 167, 199, 215, 42–43, 88,116, 142-143B, 168, 375 507Q, 507S 504–505, 88, 168, 350 4.1 558, 755 558, 88, 116, 88, 168 = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 68–69B, 328–29B, 68–69B, 373F, 35, 43N, 63, 69N, 81N, 247I–247J, 271I–271J 247I–247J, 471, 509 471, 168, 350, 450 42–43, 43A–43B, 43A–43B, 42–43, 558, 754–755 558, 558–559 21, 43P, 43R, 21, 43P, 43R, 71, 471, Previewing literature, Prereading strategies. Prepositions andprepositional Prefixes. Pronouns. Pronouns. Problem andsolution sources, Primary phrases. and solution. problem Comprehension skills: reading. for purposes literature; Setting Predictions, making; Previewing 783T, 783V 783T, 783V 757R, 757T, 757V, 763, 783P, 783R, 729P, 729T, 729R, 729V, 735, 757P, 693, 717P, 717R, 717T, 717V, 723, 657V, 667, 687P, 687R, 687T, 687V, 631T, 631V, 637, 657P, 657R, 657T, 603T,603R, 603V, 609, 631P, 631R, 591P, 591T, 591V, 591R, 597, 603P, 545, 561P, 561R, 561T, 561V, 567, 507V, 513, 535P, 535R, 535T, 535V, 481T, 481V, 487, 507P, 507R, 507T, 469T,469R, 469V, 475, 481P, 481R, 443P, 443R, 443T, 443V, 449, 469P, 379, 405P, 405T, 405R, 405V, 415, 341V, 347, 373P, 373R, 373T, 373V, 329T, 329V, 335, 341P, 341R, 341T, 303R, 303T, 303V, 309, 329P, 329R, 271P, 271R, 271T, 271V, 281, 303P, 225, 247P, 247R, 247T, 247V, 253, 219V, 19S, 219T 219R, 219P, 213, 181, 207P, 207V, 07S, 207T 207R, 143V, 153, 175P, 175R, 175T, 175V, 107T, 107V, 113, 143P, 143R, 143T, 107R, 107P, 87, 81V, 81T, 81P, 81R, 43T, 43V, 49, 69P, 69R, 69T, 69V, 75, 207S, 221 Spelling; Vocabulary:Spelling; prefixes. 725, 729N, 751, 717N, 709, 679, 687N, 657N, 649, 757N, 775, 783N583, 591N, 603N, 625, 631N, 501, 507N, 527, 535N, 555, 561N, 435, 443N, 461, 477, 469N, 481N, 337, 341N, 365, 373N, 399, 405N, 263, 271N, 295, 303N, 321, 329N, 241, 247N, 215, 219N, 207N, 199, See

See See

Phonics/Spelling; Phonics/Spelling;

Grammar: pronouns. Grammar. 202–205, 207Q, 21, 43P, 43R, . See See Reading andresponding. Reader’s Theater, Read Alouds Rr Quotation marks, Questions. Qq forreading. Purposes, setting Punctuation Protagonist Pronunciation. 719, 731, 759 731, 719, 541, 689, 593, 563, 633, 663, 605, 343, 375, 411,177, 445, 471, 209, 221, 483, 509, 249, 277, 305, 331, 662R 410R, 585B, 591N, 591Q, 591S, 632I, 783P, 783R, 783T 783P, 783R, 729P, 729T, 729R, 757P, 757R, 757T, 687P, 687R, 687T, 717P, 717R, 717T, 631P, 631R, 631T, 657P, 657R, 657T, 591P, 591R, 591T, 603P, 603T, 603R, 535P, 535R, 535T, 561P, 561R, 561T, 481P, 481R, 481T, 507P, 507R, 507T, 443P, 443R, 443T, 469P, 469R, 469T, 373P, 373R, 373T, 405P, 405T, 405R, 329P, 329R, 329T, 341P, 341R, 341T, 271P, 271R, 271T, 303P, 303R, 303T, 219P, 219R, 219T, 247P, 247R, 247T, 175P, 175R, 175T, 207P, 207R, 207T, 107P, 107R, 107T, 143P, 143R, 143T, 43T, 69P, 69R, 69T, 81P, 81R, 81T, Setting purposes for reading. purposes Setting punctuation. puncutation; Grammar: pronunciation. generating questionsfor.generating questions; ResearchandInquiry: generate Monitor andClarify: questions;strategies: generate See , 530–531, 535Q, 535S 535Q, 530–531, , . , 17, 45, 71, 83, 109, 149, See

Comprehension Comprehension See

Fluency: Fluency: 247J, 303J 70I, 148R, 276R,

Fluency: Fluency:

43P, 43R, 43P, 43R, See Index T45 Index

vi, 26, vi, 26, See

Research See 38–41, 102–105, Phonics/Spelling; 666-679 16H, 81A, 81B, 219A, 16H, 16I, 16S, 41, 44J, See Scoring Rubrics.Scoring 16H, 148H, 276H, 410H, 410H, 276H, 148H, 16H, 471, 509 See 71, 471, 504–505, 507S 507Q, 471, 71, 540H, 787K 662H, 219B, 341A, 341B, 481A, 481B, 481B, 481A, 341B, 341A, 219B, 729B 729A, 540H, 603B, 603A, 276H, 219A, 148H, 81A, 16H, 540H, 603A, 481A, 410H, 341A, 729A 662H, resources, 82J, 108J, 70J, 81A, 105, 52, 67, 176J, 173, 148S, 148I, 148H, 141, 248J, 245, 220J, 219A, 208J, 205, 301, 287, 276S, 276I, 276H, 269, 371, 342J, 341A, 330J, 327, 304J, 441, 410S, 410I, 410H, 403, 374J, 505, 482J, 481A, 470J, 444J, 467, 540H, 540I, 540S, 559, 533, 508J, 662H, 655, 629, 603A, 589, 562J, 718J, 715, 688J, 685, 662S, 662I, 781 758, 755, 730J, 729A, strategies, 69O, 81N, 90, 143N, 162, 179, 219T, 219T, 179, 162, 90, 143N, 81N, 69O, 367B, 341N, 328, 303N, 271N, 247T, 493, 481N, 463B, 437B, 400, 421, 657N, 627B, 603T, 565, 561E, 503B, 777B 665, 745, 695, 729T, Literary response. Spelling; Vocabulary. 266–269, 438–441, 712–715 and Inquiry, Theme Project.and Inquiry, taking notes, using key words and questions, words using key and electronicusing print Science articles, Science fiction, Research process. Matters, It Why Research Response to literature. Rhyme, Rhythm, Root words. Rubrics. Ss

16H, 16H, 16H, 81A, 16H, 16I, 41, 16H, 16I, 81A, 81A, 147K, 81B, 219B, 341B, 341B, 219B, 81B, 16H, 16I, 16S, 41, Comprehension skills.Comprehension

16H, 77B, 147K, 409K, 662H 147K, 77B, 16H, information, 44J, 82J, 108J, 52, 70J, 81A, 105, 141, 148H, 148I, 148S, 173, 248J, 245, 220J, 176J, 219A, 208J, 205, 301, 287, 276S, 276I, 276H, 269, 371, 342J, 341A, 330J, 327, 304J, 441, 410S, 410I, 410H, 403, 374J, 505, 482J, 481A, 470J, 444J, 467, 540H, 540I, 540S, 559, 533, 508J, 662H, 655, 629, 603A, 589, 562J, 718J, 715, 688J, 685, 662S, 662I, 781 758J, 755, 730J, 729A, 409I-409J, 481B, 603B, 729B 603B, 409I-409J, 481B, 219A, 341A, 409K, 481A, 603A, 603A, 409K, 481A, 341A, 219A, 787K 729A, 662H, 661K, 81A, 93, 105, 121, 141, 148H, 276H, 269, 219A, 205, 173, 148I, 371, 341A, 327, 301, 287, 276I, 540H, 540I, 481A, 410I, 410H, 662I, 662H, 655, 603A, 599B, 781 729A, 715, 685, 148H, 141, 105, 81A, 52, 16I, 287, 276I, 276H, 219A, 148I, 540H, 481A, 410I, 410H, 341A, 729A 662I, 540I, 662H, 603A, 219A, 148H, 105, 81A, 16H, 540H, 481A, 410H, 341A, 276H, 729A 662H, 603A, 276H, 219A, 148I, 148H, 141, 52, 481A, 410I, 410H, 341A, 276I, 540H, 662I, 540I, 662H, 603A, 729A 81B, 219A, 219B, 341A, 341B, 540H, 603B, 603A, 481B, 481A, 729A, 729B 540H, 662H 410H, 276H, 148H, citing and evaluating sources,citing and evaluating 635B, 665A–665B, 691A–691B, 691A–691B, 665A–665B, 635B, 721A–721B, 733A–733B, 761A–761B. See collecting and gathering outlines,creating evaluating sources, finding information, generating questions for, generating questions for, information, needed identifying focus of, narrowing organizing information, self-selected theme projects, Research and inquiry

16R, 21,

Genre: Genre: 21, 49, 75, 87, 87, 75, 49, 21, Monitor and See See . Research and inquiry; 255, 264, 462, 645, 558, See 754–755, 757Q, 757S realistic fiction. using. 153, 213, 225, 281, 309, 335, 379, 379, 335, 309, 281, 225, 213, 153, 475, 545, 567, 597, 609,735, 763 637, 723, 43P, 43R, 43T, 44I, 49, 69P, 69R, 69T, 69T, 69R, 69P, 49, 44I, 43T, 43R, 43P, 70I, 75, 81R, 81P, 81T, 82I, 87, 107P, 143R, 143P, 113, 108I, 107T, 107R, 175T, 175R, 175P, 153, 148R, 143T, 208I, 207T, 207R, 207P, 181, 176I, 225, 220I, 219T, 219R, 219P, 213, 247R,247P, 247T, 248I, 253, 271P, 303R, 303P, 281, 276R, 271T, 271R, 329T, 329R, 329P, 304I, 309, 303T, 342I, 341T, 341R, 341P, 335, 330I, 379, 374I, 373T, 373R, 373P, 347, 443P, 415, 410R, 405R, 405T, 405P, 469R, 469P, 449, 444I, 443T, 443R, 481T, 481R, 481P, 475, 470I, 469T, 508I, 507T, 507R, 507P, 487, 482I, 540R, 545, 535T, 535R, 535P, 513, 591P, 562I, 567, 561T, 561R, 561P, 591R, 592I, 591T, 603P, 603R, 597, 631T, 631R, 631P, 604I, 609, 603T, 662R, 657T, 657R, 657P, 637, 632I, 693, 688I, 687T, 687R, 687P, 667, 717R, 717T, 718I,717P, 723, 729P, 757R, 757P, 735, 730I, 729R, 729T, 783T 783R, 783P, 763, 758I, 757T, Study Skills; Word Study. Skills; Word Study 19A–19B, 47A–47B, 73A–73B, 73A–73B, 47A–47B, 19A–19B, 85A–85B, 223A–223B, 111A–111B, 211A–211B, 151A–151B,179A–179B, 251A–251B, 279A–279B, 307A– 307B, 333A–333B, 345A–345B, 377A–377B, 413A–413B, 447A– 447B, 473A–473B, 485A–485B, 543A–543B, 565A–565B, 511A–511B, 635A– 607A–607B, 595A–595B, clarify: reading rate. Repetition, Reread for comprehension, Realistic fiction. Reference sources and resources, Reading together, Reading together, Reading rate Reading independently, Reading independently, T46 Index Setting purposes forreading, Setting Setting. Sequence. Sentences. reading, Self-selected strategies. Self-monitoring strategies. Self-correction Scoring rubrics organization. Writing sequence; traits: skills: setting. setting. 757T, 758I, 783T 687T, 717T, 688I, 718I, 729T, 730I, 603T, 631T, 604I, 632I, 657T, 662R, 535T, 561T, 540R, 562I, 591T, 592I, 469T, 470I, 481T, 482I, 507T, 508I, 373T, 374I, 405T, 410R, 443T, 444I, 303T, 329T, 304I, 330I, 341T, 342I, 219T, 220I, 247T, 248I, 271T, 276R, 143T, 148R, 175T, 176I, 207T, 208I, 69T,44I, 70I, 81T, 82I, 107T, 108I, creating, writing, projects, theme 341R, 341T, 341V, 347, 373P, 373R, 341P, 335, 329V, 329T, 329P, 329R, 281, 303P, 303R, 303T, 303V, 309, 247V, 253, 271P, 271R, 271T, 271V, 247T, 247P, 247R, 219V, 225, 19S, 219T 219R, 219P, 213, 207V, 07S, 175T, 175V, 181, 207P, 207R, 207T 143R, 143T, 143V, 153, 175P, 143P, 113, 175R, 107V, 107T, 107R, 107P, 87, 81V, 81T, 81P, 81R, 75, 69V, 69T, 43T, 43V, 69P,43P, 49, 69R, 43R, Monitor andclarify. sentences. sentences; Writing traits: Monitor andclarify. Key 661F, 787F 783A, 787G–787H 783A, 661H, 687A, 717A, 729A, 757A, 591A, 603A, 631A, 657A, 661G– 507A, 535A, 539G–539H, 561A, 443A, 469A, 481A,409G–409H, 303A, 329A, 341A, 373A, 405A, 219A, 247A, 271A, 275G–275H, 143A, 147G–147H, 175A, 207A, 409L, 539L, 661L, 787L See 4.1 43A, 69A, 81A, 107A, See = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade See 147F, 275F, 409F, 539F, Comprehension skills:

Comprehension Comprehension Grammar: 147L, 275L, 16R, 43T, 43T, 16R,

See See

21, 21,

Skimming andscanning, Skimming Similes, Silent letters. story, Short Speaking skills andstrategies skills Speaking Song lyrics, Small groupoptions, 558–559, 561Q, 561S, 639, 752, 755 757M–757V, 783M–783V. 783M–783V. 757M–757V, 729M–729V, 717M–717V, 687V, 631M–631V, 657M–657V, 687M–561M–561V, 591M–591V, 603M–603V, 481V, 535M–535V, 507M–507V, 443M–443V, 469M–469V, 481M– 341V, 373M–373V, 405M–405V, 341M– 329M–329V, 303M–303V, 271M–271V, 247M–247V, 219M–219V, 207M–207V, 175M–175V, 143M–143V, 81M–81V,69M–69V, 107M–107V, 783P, 783R, 783T, 783V 783P, 783R, 735, 757P, 757R, 757T, 757V, 763, 717V, 723, 729P, 729T, 729R, 729V, 687T, 687V, 693, 717P, 717R, 717T, 657R, 657T, 657V, 667, 687P, 687R, 631P, 631R, 631T, 631V, 637, 657P, 597, 603P, 603T, 603R, 603V, 609, 561V, 567, 591P, 591R, 591T, 591V, 535T, 535V, 545, 561P, 561R, 561T, 507R, 507T, 507V, 513, 535P, 535R, 481P, 481R, 481T, 481V, 487, 507P,449, 469P, 469R, 469T, 469V, 475, 405V, 415, 443P, 443T, 443R, 443V, 373T, 373V, 379, 405P, 405T, 405R, discussion, Study skills. Study skills. Level Options. Beyond Level Options; ELL; On Approaching Level Options; 303T, 305, 309, 329P, 304, 329R, 277, 303P, 303R, 281, 276, 275A, 271P, 271T, 253, 271R, 249, 248, 221,220, 225, 247P, 247R, 247T, 219T, 219R, 219P, 213, 209, 208, 176, 175T, 177, 181, 207P, 175R, 207T, 207R, 175P, 153, 149, 148, 147A, 143T, 143R, 143P, 113, 109, 83, 87, 107P, 107R, 107T, 108, 69T, 70, 71, 75, 81P, 81R, 81T, 82, 43R, 43T, 45, 44, 49, 69P, 69R, 53, 313, 319, 356, 380, 149, 563 149, 17, 331 16H, 16I, 16, 17, 21, 43P, See Phonics/Spelling. 43M–43V, 43M–43V, See also See

oral presentations, discussion andconversation performances, using nonverbal andverbal strategies, 540I, 662I540I, guidelines, 783T, 787A 759, 783P, 758, 783R, 757T, 757P, 757R, 763, 735, 731, 719, 729P, 723, 729T, 730, 729R, 717P, 718, 717T, 693, 717R, 689, 663, 667, 687P, 687R, 687T, 688, 657P, 657R, 657T, 661A, 662, 631P, 631R, 631T, 637, 633, 632, 603P, 603R, 603T, 604, 605, 609, 597, 591P, 593, 591T, 592, 591R, 561P, 561R, 561T, 562, 567, 563, 535R, 535T, 539A, 541, 540, 545, 513, 509, 507T,507R, 508, 535P, 481R, 481T, 482, 483, 487, 507P, 469T,469R, 470, 471, 475, 481P, 443R, 443T, 444, 445, 449, 469P, 405T, 410, 409A, 411, 415, 443P, 405R, 405P, 379, 375, 374, 373T, 341T, 342, 343, 347, 373P, 373R, 329T, 330, 331, 335, 341P, 341R, 787E, 787K–787L 787E, 687A, 717A, 729A, 757A, 783A, 631A, 657A, 661E, 661K–661L, 535A, 539E, 561A, 591A, 603A, 443A, 469A, 481A,409L, 507A, 341A, 373A, 409K– 405A, 409E, 275E, 275K–275L, 303A, 329A, 175A, 207A, 219A, 247A, 271A, 107A, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, 409L, 443A, 469A, 481A,409L, 507A, 341A, 373A, 409K– 405A, 409E, 275E, 275K–275L, 303A, 329A, 175A, 207A, 219A, 247A, 271A, 107A, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, techniques, 757A, 783A, 787E, 787K–787L 687A,662H–662I, 717A, 729A, 631A, 657A, 661E, 661K–661L, 561A,540H–540I, 591A, 603A, 507A, 535A, 539E, 539K–539L, 410H–410I, 443A, 469A, 481A, 373A, 409K–409L, 405A, 409E, 276H–276I, 303A, 329A, 341A, 247A, 271A, 275E, 275K–275L, 148H–148I, 175A, 207A, 219A, 107A, 143A, 147E, 147K–147L, 16H–16I, 43A, 69A, 81A, 16I, 148I, 276I, 410I, 43A, 69A, 81A, 589, 696, 589, 696, 43A, 69A, 81A, 4.3: T13 T47

Index x nde I

H

O,

1

1

to

69E,

/,

F, 207F,

63 –

,

y 27

ū 303E,

1

43F,

07B, – / 342I,

attern, g, 8

6R,

43E, 757E,

783E, E,

1 G

1 H,

1 /, 329B,

9O, 482I, es, 1

p 1 69B 1

1

1 ü syllables, 75O, H, 687G 405O, / 469H,

2

373F, 329H,

657E,

1 56 H 63 H

27

07H, soft H 1

303B, 07O, 8

1 69O, els, 1

H 1 535E,

els, 729E, vc/v 43B, and 757B, –

E, B, O, F, –1 783B, 1

ith /ou/, 1

w

373H 507H

63

59 1 1 1 9H, 1 w 1 s G 34 – –

– – 1 687E, 75H, 1 48 – and letters, w r/, 469F, 329F, vo 405H,

63 2 56

34 657B,

27

8

vo G

G – 69H, 43H a

07G

ә

G 1 and 276R,

c

07H, 1 1 /

and

– 535B, 1 G

w 07H, B, 1

E, H, 329H 1 1 9F, 507G 373G 1 r/, /, 1 59 63 1 ords

34 – refixes, lurals 1

–1 75F, 8

û ô 69F, 687B, 405F, 2 48

silent suffixes, unaccented v/cv

long short soft / vccv, / sch 43G /oi/ 63 H 443O,

657E, 303O, E, E, and

34

, 247O, 1

p

p

w

07E,

E,

657H

783H

1

07F, 1 1 1 E, – – 43H 1 F, r/ 07G r/, n/, l/, 1 1 303H 729H 535H 56 ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith 757H ith ith ith 507E, 373E, 329G 1 59 63 û ә ә ә 34

69H,

– –

1 – – –1 – 43E, / / / /

43O, O,

– 48 34 w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w 207O, 373O, G 1 B, B,

443H, 303H, 07B,

247H,

1

1 1 1 783G 687H 657G 8

/, review

˙ 1 07E, 43G

, 43B, 63 69G 1 329E, 303G 1 330I, 56 59 373B, 757G /u 535G 729G 507B, i final final final final H, ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords ords 1 43H, w 443F, 373H, w 329O, 303F, 8 1 207H, 247F, w w w w w w w w w w w w w Spiral

H, G, 43G, 43H,

G, 7H, H, 1 1

7B, 1 69H, 1 1

1 1 B, 1

535G, 469H, 405G, sorts, 7 757H, 469B, 783G 535G, 59 329H, 1 405G, 657G, 27 7 783G

535H, 657G,

27

405H, 783H

27 657H,

207H, ords, 9H

247B,

48R, 27 43G,

atin 1 H, 07H, endings, G, 07G, 207H

G, 1

H, 43H, 2 1 1

w ord – 1 1 r/,

L , 1 1 1 th, sh, wh, – r/, syllables,

î ô consonant 507G,

373G, 443H, 507G, 757G, 687H, 56 729H, 405H 443H, 63 373G, 75H 247G, 757G, 303H, /

/ 507H, 63 w 75H,

H, 247G, 757H, 373H, G,

63

247H,

– –

1

tch 9G 1 hones,

1

–1 and hs, 07G, G, 8 1 G, G, 8 G, H, 207G H,

p H,

ound lex

1

2 1 p 1 7H, 1 1 1 1 9G, 1 9G,

9H, p p 7H and and 1 1 1

1 1 48 34 48 7 783H and 75G 469H 34 G, 535H, 657H, 603H 405H, 48 729G, 2 27 603G, 34 43H, 729G, 2 405G 443G

603G, 729H,

2

247H

603H,

7

r/

r/

1 9E,

–

– 69H,

69G, 1 – –

1 student ä 1 â 8

, 207E, notebook, H,

homo

inflectional accented com com ch / / digra Greek G, H G, 2 H,

, 1

7G, 1 7G, 1 w 1 7H, 1 7G 1 1 1 75E, 1 729D 469G, 757H, 63 329G, 7 469G, 687H, 329G, 7 507H, 405E, 443E, 469H, 247H, 59 329H, 373H, 7 207G, ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith ith 07H, 59 27 469G 207G, 603G

59 207H, 43G, 247G and 7

1 69G,

– , ,

1 207B w w w w w w w w w w H, revie G G, H, G, study H,

1 1 1 1 1 1 H, 9H, 7E, 1 1 1 75G, 75B, 75G, 75H, 783H 657H, 56 687G, 8 2 34 48 603H, 729H, 687H, ph, ph, 56 443H, 303H, 1 603E, 43G, 1 303G, 443G, 56 687G, 7 roots, 1 303G, 443G, 405B 443B 27 469E, 1 247E, clusters, iral ords ords ords ords ords ord ords ords ords ords ords retest, p w p s w teacher w w w w w w w w w

,

1

, ,

9B,

G,

G, 1 1 G, H, G,

1 78

1 E,

4 1 A, 7G, –

1 1

1 , 2 247H,

9G, 1

– 329H,

82I,

–

1 1 37

8 H, 1

– 1 5, 48 – 507H,

469G, H, 69B, 7 34 373H, 59 63 1 329G,

603G, 247H, 729G,

2 1

66

6I,

1

269, 787 69G, 56 H, 729A,

44 7 207G, 07H,

1

–

1

H, 469B,

48 75G 687H, H, G, G, 757H,

405G 43B, 657B, 56 8 1 1 327, 729B, 29G 603G 303B, –

535B, L,

1 – 1 1 –

7G, 247G

69G, 342I, 9H, 1

207H,

– 0I,

– 73,

1 1 7A, 43H, 1 1 G – H, 1 48 469G, H, G 1 43G, 443G, G 34 687G, 56 – 7 329G, 1 59 2 1

1 603H, 303G, 207G, 4

75G, 657A, See also

787K

H, 539L, 1

1

7

66 1

8 B

. 1 289, –

75B, 1 8 08I, –

443H, 48

1 687G

757G G, 405B, H, G, 63 43G, A, 56

329B, 603B, 276R,

K 729D,

–

visuals, 507H,

247B, 1 1 43G 1 47L,

1 34 1

1 . 207G

– 0H,

1 B,

63 – B, – 75G, 1 B, 1 G 469H, 443G, 1 –1 H, H, 783G – 56 657G, 329H, 535G, 405G, 59 687G, 27 303G, 63 207H, 787E, 4 43G, 69H,

539K 1

8 G

66

1

687A,

1

276I,

1

1

7H,

1 783H. 48R, 1 07H, and 48 1 304I, 43B, 757B, 687B, ords, 443G 56 G, –

H, G,

373H, 220I, 63 L,

59

27

7

47K 630 1

elling 507G 1 s 1 207B, 34 1 – 1 –1

– – –

70I, p w sentences, 1 43G, p 75H, 43H,

B, ,

G G

443H, 757G, 63 405G, 535G, 56 507G, 783G 6R, 409L, 247G, 27 539E, 373G, 303H, 657G, 07G, B, 783A, 603A, 539L, 1 66 787L 275L, 1

9H,

1

1

1

1

7G 1 ro 1 – – – – – 4 1 76I, 43H,

07G 1 1 305, 469H, 443B, 63 657H, 303H, 729H, 535H, G, K H, G, 2 G,

A, 7783G 373G 27 59 7

p

1 1 507B, 34

69H, – 1 – –

– 1 – 1 –1 1 1 – 1 1 G, 9G,

– 1 07G, 1 43H, B, B, 539K 535A, 27 1 729G, 603G, 48 2 34 535H, 405H, 63 757G, 247G, 373G, 507G, 1 787K 59 8 66 757A, 52, 275K 409K 1 1 7B, 9G osttest, 1 07B, 1 43G 75H, Phonics/S 657G 7 783B, 603H, 729G 1 373B, 330I, 405H, 69G p dictation challenge 1 1 2 469G 482I, 27 535G 59 303G using Spelling, Speech, T48 Index Study skills, AnalysisStructural structure. Story 757O, 783F, 783H, 783O 729F, 729H, 729O, 757F, 757H, 687H, 687O, 717F, 717H, 717O, 631O, 657F, 657H, 657O, 687F, 603F, 603H, 603O, 631F, 631H, 561F, 561H, 561O, 591F, 591H, 591O, 507H, 507O, 535F, 535H, 535O, 469O, 481F, 481H, 481O, 507F, Spelling; Vocabulary.Spelling; structure. Comprehension strategies: story 725B, 729Q, 729S, 729S, 729Q, 725B, 481Q, 418S, 599B, 603Q, 603S, 219Q, 219S, 337B, 341Q, 341S, 477B, T11; T10, T11; parts ofabook, parts also dictionary, usingthe,77B,dictionary, 81Q, using, computers library and media center, andmedia library using, documents, functional explain/model/practice, table of contents, subheadings, index, headings, glossary, in, organization andprint card electronic call numbers, author andtitle,subject Key 4.2: T11 337B, 341Q, 341S, 81S. 81S. 418S 729A, 729Q, 729S 729S 729Q, 729A, 215B, 337B, 477B, 599B, 725B

4.5: Text features. Text 219S T10 341S catalog, using, searches, T11; See also 4.1 T11, T12; 215B, 219Q, 219S 219Q, 215B, 4.3:

= Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade 77B, 81Q, 81S, 215B, 215B, 219Q, 219S, 219S, 219Q, 215B, 4.3: T10, T11; 215B, 219Q 215B, 337B, 341Q 337B, Dictionary. See T10 215B 337B, 341Q 337B, 215B, 219Q, 219S, 219S, 219Q, 215B, 4.6: . 4.1: 337B, 341Q 337B, 477B, 481Q,

See 215B, 219Q, 219Q, 215B, 4.3: 337B, 341Q, 341Q, 337B, T11, T12. T9, T10; 4.4: Phonics/ 725B, 725B, T10; T10; 77B, 77B, T10, 4.4: 4.4: 4.2: See

Tt Synonyms, Symbolism, Suspense, Summarizing. Suffixes. Technology, Technology, tale, Tall Talk AboutIt. Tables, CD-ROMs, CD-ROMs, 591F, 591H, 291, 303D, 303F, 303O, 303Q, 341F, skimming andscanning, skimming audio CDs, audio CDs, literacy. Computer 730B, 758B, 787I–787J. 632B, 661I–661J, 718B, 688B, 662K, 539I–539J, 562B, 592B, 540K, 604B, 410K, 470B, 444B, 482B, 508B, 330B, 342B, 374B, 409I–409J, 220B, 248B, 275I–275J, 276K, 304B, 108B, 147I–147J, 148K, 176B, 208B, suffixes. Vocabulary: words withsuffixes; strategies: summarize. summarize;Comprehension skills: title page, 758B. 758B. 632B, 718B, 688B, 662K, 730B, 562B,508B, 592B, 540K, 604B, 374B, 410K, 470B, 444B, 482B, 248B, 276K, 330B, 304B, 342B, 108B, 148K, 176B, 208B, 220B, Puzzlemaker. audio CD;Listening Library. also 662K, 688B, 718B, 688B, 662K, 730B, 758B. 562B, 592B,540K, 632B, 604B, 410K, 470B, 444B, 482B, 508B, 276K, 330B, 304B, 342B, 374B, 148K, 176B, 208B, 220B, 248B, 603Q, 603S 170–173, 175Q, 175S, 175S, 175Q, 170–173, Fluency: Fluency Solutions Solutions Fluency Fluency: 652–655 See 158, 200 158, See also 50, 219F, 276Q 279, 286, 298, 300, 303Q, 303S 303Q, 300, 298,

16K, 44B, 70B,16K, 82B, 44B, 16K, 70B, 82B, 44B, 108B, 16K, 44B, 70B,16K, 82B, 44B, Phonics/Spelling: Phonics/Spelling: 4.3:

215B, 219S 215B, See See T5

Oral Language. Vocabulary Vocabulary Comprehension Comprehension

See also 599B, 599B, 4.2:

T10 See See Test Strategy Test Text connections Text Prep Test writing prompts, writing prompts, Think and Search, Think andSearch, Right There, Prep. online instruction On My Own, Author andMe, making connections across texts, acrosstexts, connections making andcompare, connect vocabulary andspelling, vocabulary oral languagedevelopment, for lesson plans, literacy, computer author/illustrator information, 340-341, 480-481, 602-603, 661, 661, 728-729 602-603, 480-481, 340-341, 529, 585, 658–660,146, 681, 169, 711, 265, 338–339, 777 401, 463, 367, 437, 503, 600– 601, 726–727 601, 600– 503, 437, 367, 557, 627, 651, 784–786 783, 536–538, 478–479, 216–217, 323, 43P, 43R, 43T, 69P, 69R, 69T, 81P, 715, 685, 655, 629, 755,589, 781 371, 403, 441,141, 467, 173, 505, 533, 205, 559, 245, 269, 301, 327, 688B, 718B,688B, 730B, 758B 562B, 592B, 632B, 604B, 662K, 470B, 444B, 482B, 508B, 540K, 330B,304B, 342B, 374B, 410K, 176B, 208B, 220B, 248B, 276K, 70B, 82B,44B, 108B, 148K, 689, 719, 731,541, 593, 563, 633, 663, 605, 759 375, 411, 445,221, 471, 249, 483, 277, 509,45, 71, 83, 109, 305, 149, 177, 209, 331, 343, 759 731, 719, 689, 663, 633, 509, 541,483, 593, 563, 605, 305, 331, 343, 277, 249, 221, 177, 149, 209, 109, 375, 411, 445, 471, 539J, 661I–661J, 787I–787J 539I– 275I–275J, 409I–409J, 710,626, 650, 680, 752, 776 502, 528, 556,436, 462, 584, 242, 264, 296, 322, 400, 366, 100,36, 64, 136, 168, 200, . See .

Assessment: Test See also 78–79, 406–408 406–408 78–79, 243, 272–274, 297, 272–274, 243, 65, 137, 65, 201, 80-81, 218-219, 218-219, 80-81, 17, 45, 71, 83, 37, 101, 144– Assessment. 147I–147J, 147I–147J, 41, 67, 105, 16K, 16K, 17, 17, Index T49 Index

4.2: Text 334–337

81, 219, T5 37, 65, 77, 101, 101, 77, 65, 37, See also See also 4.3: 474–477 43N, 43Q, 69N, 69Q, T11. T11. 16H–16I, 147K–147L, 682–685, 687Q, 687S, 687S, 687Q, 682–685, 4.6: Fluency: workstations. 266–269, 271Q, 271S, T10; 722–725 National Parks,” 74–77 Parks,” National 596–599 81N, 81Q, 107N, 107Q, 143N, 143Q, 219N, 207Q, 207N, 175Q, 175N, 271Q, 271N, 247Q, 247N, 219Q, 341N, 329Q, 329N, 303Q, 303N, 405Q, 405N, 373Q, 373N, 341Q, 469N, 443Q, 469Q,443N, 481N, 535Q, 535N, 507Q, 507N, 481Q, 603N, 591Q, 591N, 561Q, 561N, 657Q, 657N, 631Q, 631N, 603Q, 729N, 717Q, 717N, 687Q, 687N, . 783Q. 783N, 757Q, 757N, 729Q, See also T11 341, 481, 603, 729 303Q, 329F, 405F, 565, 568, 591D, 591D, 568, 565, 405F, 329F, 303Q, 661C, 591Q, 591O, 4.2: features. 148H–148I, 275K–275L, 276H–276I, 276H–276I, 275K–275L, 148H–148I, 539K–539L, 410H–410I, 409K–409L, 662H–662I, 540H–540I, 661K–661L, 787K–787L “Meet a Bone–ified Explorer,” of Oil, The Power “Stealing Beauty,” 212–215 137, 169, 201, 215, 243, 265, 297, 297, 265, 243, 215, 201, 169, 651, 137, 627, 599, 585, 323, 337, 557, 367, 777 529, 401, 753, 437,503, 463, 725, 477, 711, 681, Our to Home Come “Animals “Exploring Undersea Territory,” the Work,” at Reporters “Kid Unit projects, Timed writing practice, Time lines, Toolbars, Uu Think and Compare, Timed reading, Time Kids for

4.2: 4.2: 4.1: 4.4:

324–326, 324–326, 148H Comprehension 202–205, 207Q, 202–205, 16, 44, 70, 82, 82, 44, 70, 16, T10 16H–16I, 147K– T11 Comprehension See 19, 43D, 78, 81Q 78, 43D, 19, 584 4.2: 368–371, 373Q, 373S 4.6: 148H 438–441, 443Q, 443S, 443S, 443Q, 438–441, 148H, 202, 266, 368 266, 202, 148H, 682–685, 687Q, 687S, 687S, 687Q, 682–685, 586–589, 591Q, 591S 586–589, 591Q, 148H 43F, 50, 69, 175F, 207F, 207F, 175F, 69, 50, 43F, 148H 266–269, 271Q, 271S, 464–467, 469Q, 469S, 469S, 469Q, 464–467, 202, 266 436, 438, 764, 774, 170–173, 175Q, 175S, T10; T10 T10 See also See also 138–141, 143Q, 143S, 568, 584 T10 T10 4.4: 221 207S, 4.4: T10 108, 148, 176, 208, 220, 248, 248, 220, 208, 176, 148, 108, 410, 374, 342, 304, 330, 276, 444, 482, 508, 470, 540, 562, 604, 662, 688, 632, 592, 718, 730, 758 4.2: T11 329Q, 329S nterview, footnotes, glossary, guide words, headings, i maps, online links, parentheses, photos, play, prefaces, keys and legends, keys line graph, 276H–276I, 409K–409L, 410H–410I, 147L, 148H–148I, 410H–410I, 275K–275L, 409K–409L, 276H–276I, 539K–539L, 540H–540I, 661K–661L, 787K–787L 662H–662I, strategies: text structure. graphs, primary sources, body, and salutation skills; Unit projects. introduction to, 279, 286, 291, 303D, 303F, 303O, 303O, 303F, 303D, 291, 286, 279, time lines, toolbars, sidebars, tables, Theme projects, Thesaurus, Text structure. Theme.

41, 368–371, 368–371,

712–715, 717Q, 712–715, 37, 65, 77, 101, 137, 137, 101, 77, 65, 37, 68 See also 148H 37, 65, 77, 101, 137, 137, 101, 77, 65, 37, 37, 65, 101, 137, 169, 169, 137, 101, 65, 37, 628–629, 631S 631Q, T9 102–105, 107Q, 107S, 148H, 515, 524 4.1: 38–41, 43Q, 43S, 436, 764, 764, 436, 43S, 43Q, 38–41, T10 81R, 81T, 107P, 107R, 107T, 143P, 175T, 175R, 175P, 143T, 143R, 219R, 219P, 207T, 207R, 207P, 271P, 247T, 247R, 247P, 219T, 303T, 303R, 303P, 271T, 271R, 341R, 341P, 329T, 329R, 329P, 405P, 373T, 373R, 373P, 341T, 443T, 443R, 443P, 405T, 405R, 481R, 481P, 469R, 469T, 469P, 535P, 507T, 507R, 507P, 481T, 561T, 561R, 561P, 535T, 535R, 603R, 603P, 591T, 591R, 591P, 657P, 631T, 631R, 631P, 603T, 687T, 687R, 687P, 657T, 657R, 729R, 729P, 717T, 717R, 717P, 783P, 757T, 757R, 757P, 729T, 783R, 783T 373Q, 373S 717S 533, 559, 589, 629, 655, 685, 715, 205, 269, 245, 173, 715, 141, 105, 67, 685, 655, 629, 301, 327, 371, 403, 589, 441, 467, 505, 559, 533, 755, 781 774, 774, 4.1: 169, 201, 215, 243, 265, 297, 323, 323, 297, 265, 243, 215, 201, 711, 169, 681, 651, 627, 337, 367, 585, 401, 557, 437, 463,529, 477, 503, 777 725, 753, 437, 463, 503, 529, 557, 585, 627, 627, 585, 557, 401, 367, 323, 297, 265, 529, 243, 201, 503, 463, 437, 651, 681, 711, 753, 777 169, 201, 215, 243, 265, 297, 323, 323, 297, 265, 243, 215, 201, 711, 169, 681, 651, 627, 337, 367, 585, 401, 557, 437, 463,529, 477, 503, 777 725, 753, advertisements, advertisements, Informational text;Informational skills. Study reading/writing across texts,reading/writing across cinquain, 66– encyclopedia, online, diagrams, directions, charts, appendices, captions, text to self, text to text, text to world, Text features. T50 Index Vocabulary, Verbs. Venn diagram, Vv analogies, analogies, meaning; Wordconfirm study. antonyms, Approaching Level Options base words/root words, words, words/root base 525 compound words, compound words, Beyond Level for. Options connotation, content, content, context clues, clues, context Key 598, 603D, 603O, 603Q, 603O, 603Q, 603D, 595, 591R, 591D, 591O, for. Options: vocabulary. vocabulary. See 561F, 271D, 271O, 271Q, 410Q, 477A, 561D, 561O, 561Q, 687F, 81F, 81O, 81Q, 374I, 374I, 81Q, 81F, 81O, 481O, 481Q, 507C, 507D, 508I, 469D, 470I, 473, 481C, 481D, 405D, 443D, 443C, 469C, 466, 341D, 369, 373C, 373D, 405C, 303C, 303D, 329C, 329D, 341C, 207D, 219C, 219D, 247C, 247D, 175C, 175D, 175O, 175Q, 207C, 143O, 143Q, 148Q, 151, 157, 172, 111, 116, 133, 140, 143C, 107D, 143D, 107C, 81D, 81C, 69Q, 69O, 47,44I, 55, 58, 61, 69D, 69C, 722–725, 731, 762 734, 712–715, 719, 682–685, 636–649, 628–629, 605, 596–599, 593, 512–527,486–501, 541, 586–589, 438–441, 445, 464–467, 474–477, 411, 378–399, 368–371, 334–337, 305, 308–321, 322, 324–327, 277, 272–273, 266–269, 224–241, 212–215, 202–205, 194, 221, 170–173, 138–141, 109, 102–105, See Beyond Level Options: See 4.1 4.2: Grammar: verbs. 38–41, 48–63, 74–77,38–41, 48–63, 83, = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade Approaching Level 562I, 565, 568, 573, 565, 568, 562I, See also 81H, 247H, 592I, 595, T9 540R, 543, 540R, 549, 554, 336, 511B, 513, 514, I9, 26, 43C, 43D, 4.5:

T7 70I, 73, 81D, Ways to to Ways 4.1:

73, 251,73, T6 4.5: 4.5: T8 T6 expand, denotation, dictionary, using, dictionary, content, surrounding word clues, definition, description/explanation, paragraph andsentence clues, eponyms, 4.4: 4.1: 729D, 757C, 757D, 783C, 783D, 717C, 717D, 717O, 717Q, 729C, 687C, 687D, 691, 688I, 695, 699, 657C, 657D, 657O, 657Q, 684, 631C, 631D, 631Q, 635, 632I, 592I, 603C, 603D, 607, 604I, 620, 561C, 561D, 588, 591C, 591D, 535Q, 511, 535D, 515, 535C, 561O, 561Q, 249, 271F, 277, 303F, 305, 329F, 329F, 271F, 305, 249, 277, 303F, 177, 207F, 219F, 209, 221, 247F, 83, 107F, 109, 143F, 149, 175F, 4.5: T7, T9; 561Q, 733, 757D, 757O, 507D, 543, 549, 554, 561D, 561O, 382, 405D, 405O, 405Q, 485, 377, 373Q, 373O, 373D, 352, 345, 247D, 247O, 247Q, 248I, 329F, 223,230,237, 220I, 208I, 238, 198, 207D,184, 207O, 207Q, 179, 176I, 107Q, 107O, 107D, 97, 85, 82I, 81T, 81F, 81P, 81Q, 77B, 69F, 43Q, 43F, 43D, 43O, 34, 28, 586, 628, 652, 530, 504, 682, 558, 464, 438, 440, 712, 754, 778268, 298, 324, 368,140, 370, 170, 402, 172, 202, 203, 244, 266, 69D, 690, 69Q 690, 69D, 481R, 473,466, 477A, 481D, 481O, 695, 695, 631D, 631Q, 691, 642, 684, 535D, 535O, 535Q, 607, 620, 175D, 175O, 175Q, 173, 475, 511, 151, 515, 133, 116, 111, 717O, 717Q, 717O, 717Q, 691,657Q, 717D, 699, 695, 143O, 143Q, 635, 657D, 657O, 47, 111, 69Q, 690, 69D, 143D, T5, T7; T8 T9; T9; 17, 43F, 45, 69F, 71, 81F, 38, 40, 66, 102, 38, 66, 40, 104, 138, 4.2: 4.2: 4.6: 4.4: 207F 540Q, 543,540Q, 561D, 26, 58, 40, 61, 369, T6, T8; T5; T5; 4.2: T7 T7 4.5: 4.5: 4.5: 16R, 19, 25, 26, T5; T5; T6 T10; T10; 4.3: T9 T9 4.4: T8, T9; 4.1: T7, T9; 4.6: 47, 58, 40, 58, T4, T4, T7 homographs, homographs, Greek roots, games, extend, explain/model/practice, homophones, homophones, multiple-meaning words, multiple-meaning On Level for.On Options idioms, Latin roots, roots, Latin inflectional endings, inflectional Level vocabulary. Options: 405Q, 469F, 535F, 374I, 377, 382, 405D, 405F, 405O, 757Q, 757O, 341O, 341Q, 443O, 733, 757D, 4.4: 498, 507D, 507O, 507Q, 631F, 783Q, 783O, 783D, 687F, 717F, 729F, 757F, 783F 561F, 591F, 603F, 631F, 657F, 443F, 469F, 481F, 507F, 535F, 303F, 329F, 341F, 373F, 405F, 175F, 207F, 219F, 247F, 271F, 783T 757T, 561T, 603T, 631T, 657T, 729T, 443T, 469T, 481T, 507T, 535T, 303T, 329T, 341T, 373T, 405T, 175T, 207T, 219T, 247T, 271T, 783D 783C, 717D, 729C, 729D, 757C, 757D, 657C, 657D, 687C, 687D, 717C, 591D, 603C, 603D, 631C, 631D, 535C, 535D, 561C, 561D, 591C, 469D, 481C, 481D, 507C, 507D, 405D,405C, 443D, 443C, 469C, 329D, 341C, 341D, 373C, 373D, 271C, 271D, 303C, 303D, 329C, 207D, 219C, 219D, 247C, 247D, 143C, 143D, 175C, 175D, 207C, 69C, 69D, 81C, 81D, 107C, 107D, 783F 757F, 759, 731, 729F, 719, 633, 657F, 687F, 663, 717F, 689, 631F, 605, 591F,603F, 593, 563, 483, 507F, 509, 535F, 541, 561F, 481F, 471, 469F, 445, 411, 443F, 331, 341F, 343, 373F, 375, 405F, 729O, 729Q 729O, 717E, 717G–717H, 717G–717H, 717E, 373F, 373O, 373R, 507F, 688I, 242, 247D, 247O, 247Q, 247Q, 247O, 247D, 242, T8 115, 229, 223, 232, 230, 237, 43F, 69F, 81F, 107F, 143F, 143F, 107F, 81F, 69F, 43F, 43T, 69T, 81T, 107T, 143T, 143T, 107T, 81T, 69T, 43T, 721, 729F, 729D, 725, 107F, 761, 765, 774, 774, 765, 761, 107F, 69F, 175F, 482I, 485, 342I, 345, 352, 73D, 4.3: T7, 4.3: 4.3: 333, 341D, 4.6: See 4.6: T8 T9 43C, 43D, 43D, 43C, 4.2: T10 On 16Q, 16Q, T9 T8 Index T51 Index

T12, T12, 4.3: 26, 26, 4.1: 4.1: T14, T16, T14, Vocabulary;

42–43, 68–69, Vocabulary.

4.6: Vocabulary. T13, T15, T17; T17; T15, T13,

16N, 44E, 70E, 16N, 36, 64, 100, 136, 136, 64,36, 100, 4.4: T13, T15, T17; T17; T15, T13, See also 179, 184, 198, 207D, 207D, 198, 184, 179, 16R, 44I, 43C–43F, 69C– See also 4.2: See also T14, T16, T18; T16, T18; T14, Word Study. T13, T15, T17; T17; T15, T13, 4.5: T18 106–107, 142–143, 174–175, 206– 207, 246–247, 270–271,328–329, 372–373, 404–405, 302–303, 506–507, 468–469, 442–443, 168, 242, 264, 296, 322, 366, 400, 400, 366, 322, 296, 626, 264, 584, 242, 556, 168, 528, 502, 462, 436, 776, 752, 680,650, 710, 82E, 108E, 148N, 176E, 208E, 220E, 220E, 208E, 176E, 148N, 108E, 82E, 342E, 304E, 330E, 276N, 248E, 482E, 444E,470E, 410N, 374E, 604E, 592E, 540N,508E, 562E, 758E 730E, 688E,718E, 662N, 632E, T16; T14, 247F, 271F, 303F, 329F, 341F, 373F, 373F, 341F, 329F, 303F, 271F, 247F, 535F, 507F, 481F, 469F, 443F, 405F, 687F, 657F, 631F, 603F, 591F, 561F, 783F 757F, 729F, 717F, 207O, 207Q. 207Q. 207O, 126, 190, 234, 292, 387, 428, 493, 493, 428, 387, 292, 234, 190, 126, 574, 614. 69F, 70I, 81C–81F, 175C–175F, 148R, 82I, 143C–143F, 108I, 107C–107F, 219C–219F, 208I, 207C–207F, 176I, 271C–271F, 248I, 247C–247F, 220I, 304I, 329C–329F, 303C–303F, 276R, 373C–373F, 342I, 341C–341F, 330I, 443C–443F, 410R, 405C–405F, 374I, 481C–481F, 470I, 440I, 469C–469F, 535C–535F, 508I, 507C–507F, 482I, 562I, 561C–561F, 540R, 549, 591C–591F, 592I, 662R, 603C–603F, 632I, 657C–657F, 631C–631F, 718I, 604I, 717C–717F, 688I, 687C–687F, 729C–729F, 730I, 757C–757F, 758I, 783C–783F. Write and Respond, and Respond, Write Word study, About It,Write Ww Meaning, to Confirm Ways Weekly contract, origins, Word

4.3: T6 43F, 69F, 69F, 43F, T7, T8; T8; T7, 4.4: 20, 43C, 48, 43C, 20, 4.2: 444I, 447, 456, 456, 447, 444I, T6; 19, 25, 26, 28, 34, 28, 26, 25, 19, 179, 184, 198, 207D, 207D, 198, 184, 179, T5, T6 81F, 83, 107F, 143F, 143F, 107F, 83, 81F, 4.1: 43F, 50, 279, 286, 291, 291, 286, 279, 50, 43F, , 73, 81D, 81O, 81Q, 211, 211, 81Q, 81O, 81D, , 73, Approaching Level Level Approaching

4.4: T5 Options: vocabulary; Beyond Beyond vocabulary; Options: Options: vocabulary;Level On Options: vocabulary; Level Vocabulary: content. 469D, 469O, 469Q, 469Q, 469O, 469D, vocabulary, 43O,43D, 43F, 43Q, 77B, 69F, 81Q,81F, 81T, 85, 97, 107D, 107O, 207F, 207D, 198, 179, 175F, 107Q, 247D, 230, 223, 207Q, 207O, 345, 329F, 303F, 247Q, 247O, 373D, 373O, 373Q, 405D, 377, 554, 549, 543, 405Q, 405O, 405F, 591F, 561F, 561Q, 561O, 561D, 757D, 757O, 757Q 112, 86, 107C, 81C, 69C, 74, 212, 207C, 180, 175C, 152, 143C, 280, 271C, 252, 247C, 224, 219C, 346, 341C, 334, 308, 329C, 303C, 443C, 448, 405C, 414, 378, 373C, 512, 486, 507C, 481C, 469C, 474, 544, 561C, 535P, 535O, 535C, 608, 603C, 631C, 596, 591C, 566, 717C, 692, 666, 687C, 657C, 636, 783C. 762, 757C, 729C, 734, 722, See also 631D, 657C, 657D, 687C, 687D, 687D, 687C, 657D, 657C, 631D, 757C, 729D, 729C, 717D, 717C, 783DC 783C, 757D, 4.3: T6, T7; 207O, 207Q 207O, 303D, 303F, 303O, 303Q, 565, 565, 303Q, 303O, 303F, 303D, 661C, 591Q, 591O, 591D, 568, 591F 561F, 373F, 341F, 279, 219F, 214, 219D, 219O, 219Q, 251, 256, 251, 219Q, 219O, 219D, 214, 271D, 271O, 271Q, 329D, 314, 307, 341O, 341D, 333, 329Q, 329O, 341Q, 665, 413, 418, 631O, 422, 469D, 443D, 447, 443O, 447, 443Q, 729D, 687Q, 687O, 687D, 670, 742, 774, word families, word word origins, using resources to acquire acquire to using resources vocabulary words, thesaurus, word webs, 81F, 107F, 143F, 175F, 207F, 219F, 219F, 207F, 175F, 143F, 107F, 81F, word parts Vocabulary PuzzleMaker, Vocabulary

T5 119, 4.1: 4.3: 43C, T6 4.6: 126, 190 126, 211, 219D,211, 219O, 26, 234, 387, 493, 493, 387, 234, 26, 126, 190, 292, 428, 428, 292, 190, 126, T5 304I, 307, 314, 329D, 329D, 314, 304I, 307, 69F, 69O, 81F, 81O, 81O, 69O, 81F, 69F, , T7 50, 219F, 276Q, 279, 279, 276Q, 219F, 50, 4.4: 19, 43D, 19, 69D, 47, 81D, 128 43F, 57, 226, 665, 681D, 681D, 665, 226, 57, 43F, 4.2: T6; 286, 291, 303D, 303F, 303O, 303O, 303F, 303D, 286, 291, 591H, 591F, 341F, 303Q, T7 614, 748 107C, 81D, 81C, 69D, 69C, 43D, 175D, 175C, 143D, 143C, 107D, 247C, 219D, 219C, 207D, 207C, 303D, 303C, 271D, 271C, 247D, 373C, 341D, 341C, 329D, 329C, 443C, 443D, 405C, 405D, 373D, 507C, 481D, 481C, 469C, 469D, 561D, 561C, 535D, 535C, 507D, 631C, 603D, 603C, 591D, 591C, 4.3: 107Q, 107O, 107D, 85, 28, 574, 707 219Q, 329F, 329O, 329Q, 410Q, 413, 413, 410Q, 329Q, 329O, 329F, 757F, 718I, 443Q, 443O, 443D, 175F, 143O, 143F, 107O, 107F, 219O, 219F, 207O, 207F, 175O, 303F, 271O, 271F, 247O, 247F, 341O, 341F, 329O, 329F, 303O, 443F, 405O, 405F, 373O, 373F, 481O, 481F, 469O, 469F, 443O, 561F, 535O, 535F, 507O, 507F, 603O, 603F, 591O, 591F, 561O, 687F, 657O, 657F, 631O, 631F, 729O, 729F, 717O, 717F, 687O, 783O 783F, 757O, 757F, 179, 151, 143D, 111, 107D, 85, 247D, 223, 219D, 209O, 175O, 333, 329D, 307, 303D, 279, 271D, 443D, 413, 377, 373D, 345, 341D, 507D, 485, 481D, 473, 469D, 447, 511, 535B, 543, 561D, 591D, 595, 665, 657D, 635, 631D, 607, 603D, 733, 729D, 721, 717D, 691, 687D, 759D, 783D 761, 757F, 687Q, 687O, synonyms, synonyms, syntactic cues, semantic cues, semantic pronunciation and meaning, pronunciation teach words in context, words teach plural endings, prefixes, spiral review, strategies, structural analysis, suffixes, T52 Index Writer’s toolbox, Writer’s resources, Craft Writer’s checklist, Writer’s word choices, voice, sentences, vary transition words, paragraph, transitions, sentence, topic tone, words, time-order strong opening,a, strong conclusion, a, rearrange ideas, formal andinformallanguage figurative language, andopinions, facts dialogue details precise words paragraphs, multiple mood, details, important a, good topic, good paragraph, a, good paragraph,a, also 687B, 717B, 729B, 757B, 783B. 535B, 561B, 591B, 603B, 631B, 657B, 405B, 443B, 481B, 469B, 507B, 271B, 303B, 329B, 341B, 373B, 107B, 143B, 175B, 207B, 219B, 247B, 756–757, 782–783 756–757, 631, 656–657, 686–687, 630– 590–591, 716–717, 560–561, 534–535, 631, 657, 687, 717, 757, 783 783 757, 717, 687, 657, 631, 405, 443, 469, 507,175, 535, 207, 561, 247, 591, 271, 303, 329, 373, beginning, middle,conclusion,beginning, traits 409C, 539C,409C, 661C, 787C Key 271A 782, 783A 782, 312, 328, 329A 312, 328, Writing traits. 656, 657A 506, 507A 506, 630, 631A 630, , 124, 142, 143A 142, 124, , 4.1 , 355, 372, 373A = Grade 4, Book 1 Book 4, =Grade . See also 590–591A 590–591A , 58, 68, 69A,, 58, 68, 270, 154, 174, 175A 174, 154, 74, 106, 107A 43B, 69B, 81B, 389, 404, 405A 442, 443A 43, 69, 107, 143, 302, 303A 147C, 275C, 468, 469A 246, 247A 756, 757A 756, 716, 717A 40 534, 535A 534, 686, 687A Writing Writing 560, 561A 560, , 206, 207A 206, 42, 43A 42, See ,

Writing. student modelsfor, raising scores, raising scores, peer review, options forstudent writing. independent, independent, features ofwriting, daily, Author’s Chair, Chair, Author’s andpurpose, audience Writing traits; Writing Workshop. and modes; Writing process; Toolbox;Writer’ Writing forms Resources; Writer’s Craft; Writer’s respond; Writer’s checklist; Write Write It; About and Writingwriting; Timed Practice; Scoring rubrics: connections, 539F, 661F, 787F 246, 270,246, 275A, 302, 328, 340, 106, 142, 147A, 174, 206, 218, 661E, 787D, 787E 539B, 539D, 539E, 661B, 661D, 275B, 275E, 409D, 409E, 409B, Write andRespond. Prompt. Prompt. 719, 729, 731, 759. 759. 731, 729, 719, 689, 633, 663, 593, 605, 603, 445, 471, 481,277, 483, 509, 305, 541, 331,109, 563, 341, 149, 343, 177, 375, 209, 411, 219, 221, 249, 728, 756, 782, 787A 782, 756, 728, 602, 630, 656, 661A, 716, 686, 507,506, 590, 534, 539A, 560, 372, 404, 409A, 442, 270,246, 275A, 302, 328, 340, 468, 480, 106, 142, 147A, 174, 206, 218, 730F, 758C–758F 688C–688F, 718C–718F, 730C– 604F, 632C–632F, 662L–662O,562C–562F, 592C–592F, 604C– 482F, 508C–508F, 540L–540O, 444C–444F, 470C–470F, 482C– 342F, 374C–374F, 410L–410O, 330C–330F, 342C– 304C–304F, 276L–276O, 220C– 248C–248F, 220F, 208C–444F, 176C–176F, 82C–82F, 108C–108F, 148L–148O, 787E 661E, 539E, 275B, 539B, 409B, 661B, 787B 16L–16O, 44C–44F, 70C–70F,

See also 147B, 147D, 147E, 147E, 147D, 147B, 17, 45, 71, 81, 83, Cross-Curricular Cross-Curricular 147F, 275F, 409F, 147E, 275E, 409E, 42, 80, 68, 42, 80, 68, See 147B, 147B, Picture Picture See Writing formsandmodes workstations, workstations, teacher conference, expository writingexpository fictional narrative, fictional essays, e-mail, directions, entries, diary explanatory writing,explanatory descriptive/expressive writing, compare/contrast, sketch,character brochure, book review, biography, articles, applications, dialogue, advertisements, 758J 632J, 662S, 688J, 718J, 730J, 508J, 562J, 540S, 59JI, 604J, 374J, 410S, 470J, 444J, 482J, 248J, 276S, 304J, 330J, 342J, 108J, 148S, 176J, 208J, 220J, 409E, 539E, 661E, 787E 787A 782, 756, 728, 602, 630, 656, 661A, 716, 686, 507,506, 534, 539A, 560, 590, 372, 404, 409A, 442, 468, 480, 539A–539H 534–535B, 508J, 506–507B, 482J, 443B, 468–469B, 469A–469B, 409A–409E, 470J 404–405B, 372–373, 372A–372B, 787A–787H 729A–729B, 603B, 686–687B, 716–717B, 603A– 481A–481B, 219A–219B, 302–303B, 342J, 562J, 680, 687F 560–561B, 661A–661H 717A–717B 716–717, 686–687B, 506–507B, 405F, 469F, 781F, 712–715 661A–661H, 688J 656–657B, 632J, 630–631B, 604J, 535F, 560–561B, 540S, 590–591B, 44J, 69F, 208J, 271F, 342J, 443F, 106–107B 275A–H, 661A–661H 80–81B, 480–481B, 27, 100, 219F, 276S, 341A–341B 468–469B, 481F, 93 184, 207F 184, 729R 70J, 246–247B 70J, 16S, 4JI, 70J, 82J, 82J, 70J, 16S, 4JI, 62, 81F,62, 206-207B, 374J, 404–405B 404–405B 374J, , 81A–81B, 81A–81B, , 481A–481B, 302–303B, 410R, 442– 410R, 147E, 275E,

Index T53 Index See also See also 69B, 147D, 69B, 147D, 43, 69, 81, 107, 107, 81, 69, 43, 271B, 329B, 329B, 271B, 107B, 147D, 207B, 207B, 147D, 107B, 43B, 69B, 81B, 107B, 107B, 81B, 69B, 43B, 43B, 147B, 147D, 43B, 69B, 81B, 107B, 107B, 81B, 69B, 43B, 81, 219, 341, 481, 603, 603, 481, 341, 219, 81, 143B, 147D, 175B, 275D, 275D, 175B, 147D, 143B, 275D, 303B, 405B, 409D, 469B, 409D, 405B, 303B, 275D, 787D 783B, 661D, 539D, 507B, 661, 729,661, 787 143B, 147E, 175B, 207B, 219B, 219B, 207B, 175B, 147E, 143B, 329B, 303B, 275E, 271B, 247B, 409E, 405B, 443B, 373B, 341B, 539E, 535B, 507B, 469B, 481B, 657B, 631B, 603B, 591B, 561B, 757B, 729B, 717B, 687B, 661E, 783B, 787E 247B, 275B, 275D, 409D, 443B, 443B, 409D, 275D, 275B, 247B, 661D, 661B, 561B, 539D, 539B, 787D 787B, 717B, 409D, 539D, 657B, 661D, 757B, 757B, 661D, 657B, 539D, 409D, 787D 661D, 631B, 591B, 539D, 409D, 687B, 787D 539D, 535B, 409D, 373B, 275D, 787D 661D, organization, ideas and content, ideas and content, practice, 143B, 175B, 207B, 219B, 247B, 271B, 271B, 247B, 219B, 207B, 175B, 143B, 405B, 373B, 341B, 329B, 303B, 535B, 507B, 469B, 481B, 443B, 687B, 657B, 631B, 603B, 591B, 561B, 783B. 757B, 729B, 717B, Craft. checklist; Writer’s Writer’s conventions, sentence fluency, fluency, sentence 143, 147A–147H, 175, 207, 219, 247, 247, 219, 207, 175, 373, 341, 329, 147A–147H, 303, 143, 481, 275A–275H, 469, 443, 271, 729, 409A–409H, 717, 405, 687, 535,507, 539A–539H, 603, 591, 561, 661A–661H, 657, 631, 783, 787A–787H 757, voice, voice, choice, word Writing Workshop, Workshop, Writing Writing traits, Writing 80, 80, 43, 69, 80, 218, 340, 340, 218, 80, 80, 218, 340, 340, 218, 80, 147G, 275G, 275G, 147G, 80–81, 147, 218– 147, 80–81, 43, 69, 81, 107, 143, 143, 107, 81, 69, 43, 43, 69, 81, 107, 143, 143, 107, 81, 69, 43, 603F 247, 444J, 592J, 782– 444J, 592J, 247, 43, 69, 81, 107, 143, 147D, 147D, 143, 107, 81, 69, 43, 43, 69, 81, 107, 143, 147C, 147C, 143, 107, 81, 69, 43, 302–303B, 404–405B 657F, 404–405B 657F, 302–303B, 480, 539, 602, 661, 728, 787 728, 661, 602, 539, 480, 480, 539, 602, 661, 728, 787 787 728, 661, 602, 539, 480, 340, 602, 661, 480,218, 539, 728, 787 175, 207, 219, 247, 271, 275C, 275C, 271, 247, 219, 207, 175, 539C, 535, 405, 373, 409C, 341, 507, 303, 329, 481, 469, 443, 787C 783, 757, 561, 591, 729, 603, 631, 657, 661C, 717, 687, 717F 783B 175B, 207, 219, 247, 271, 303, 271, 247, 219, 207, 603, 175B, 591, 561, 405, 373, 443, 469, 329B, 341, 535, 507, 481B, 631B, 657, 687, 717, 729,783B 757, 247, 271, 275E, 303, 329, 341, 341, 329, 303, 81, 275E, 107, 481, 143, 271, 147E, 469, 175, 443, 247, 207, 409E, 219, 405, 373, 535,507, 539E, 603, 561, 591, 631, 657, 661E, 687,783, 787E 717, 729, 757, 147E, 175, 207, 219, 247, 271, 271, 247, 219, 207, 175, 147E, 535, 507, 405, 373, 341, 303, 329, 275E, 481, 657, 469, 631, 443, 603, 409E, 591, 561, 539E, 661E, 687, 717, 729,787E 757, 275D, 783, 271, 247, 219, 207, 175, 539D, 535, 405, 373, 409D, 341, 303, 507, 329, 661D, 481, 657, 469, 631, 443, 603, 591, 561, 687, 717, 729, 757, 783, 787D 409G, 539G, 661G, 787G 661G, 539G, 409G, drafting, 219, 275, 340–341, 409, 480–481, 480–481, 409, 340–341, 275, 219, 787 728–729, 602–603, 661, 539, 659, audience, determine mode and form,determine purpose,determine story, prewriting, prewriting, summary, summary, log, travel proofreading and editing, publishing, revising, revising, Writing prompts, Writing Writing portfolio,Writing process Writing 68–69, 68–69, , 16S, , 16S, 248J, , 656–657B See also See also 42–43B, 787A–787H 508J, 534–535B, 534–535B, 508J, 68–69B, 70J, 220J, 220J, 68–69B, 70J, 506–507B 174–175B, 270–271B, T17 44J, 82J, 142–143B, 44J, 82J, 142–143B, 16S, 43F, 44J, 69F, 69F, 44J, 43F, 16S, 342J, 372–373B, 562J 44J, 82J, 106–107B, 340–341B, 405F, 405F, 340–341B, 492 , 148S, 174–175B, 176J, 176J, 174–175B, , 148S, 4.2: 330J, 374J, 662S, 662S, 374J, 330J, 206–207B 218–219B, 481F, 728–729B, 481F, 218–219B, 70J, 220J, 591F 630–631B 562J, 590–591B 178F, 311 178F, 270–271B 176J, 341F, 631F 341F, 176J, 330J, 107F 81A, 108J, 686–687B, 657F, 686–687B, 657F, 108J, 81A, 716–717B 82J, 143F, 148S, 247F, 248J, 271F, 271F, 248J, 247F, 148S, 143F, 82J, 443F, 410S, 341F, 304J, 303F, 688J 508J, 482J, 444J, 470J, 534–535B 539A–539H 106–107B, 108J, 142–143B, 147A–147H, 208J, 507F 206–207B, 248J, 246–247B, 270–271B, 275A–275H, 470J 540S, 375, 373F, 328–329B, 304J, 592J 69A–69B 756–757B 632J. 329F, 208J, Journal. 787A–787H letter of complaint, personal, personal, persuasive, persuasive, functional, log, or magazine articlenews paragraphs, personal narrative, how-to writing, how-to nonfiction,informational persuasive reports, proposals, proposals, radio ad, play, scene, scene, play, poem/poetry, point of view, poster, interview, journal entry, letters speech, review, review, songs, scientific observation research reports, The publisher gratefully Acknowledgments acknowledges permission to reprint the following copyrighted material. (Continued from Copyright page.) copyright © 2003 by Alvis Upitis. Reprinted by permission of Boyds “I Love the Look of Words” by Maya Angelou from SOUL LOOKS Mills Press, Inc. “I Have a Dream,” excerpt from BACK IN WONDER. Copyright © 1993 by Tom Feelings. Reprinted by ILLUSTRATIONS permission of Dial Books, a division of Penguin Books USA Inc. Cover Illustration: Bandelin-Dacey Studio speech by Dr. Martin Luther King, “I Was Dreaming to Come to America” selected by Veronica Lawlor 18-19: Laura Watson. 20-37: (bg) Joe Cepeda. 39: Joe LeMonnier. 50- from I WAS DREAMING TO COME TO AMERICA. Copyright © 1995 by 51: (bg) Wetzel & Company. 50-51: (tl) Laura Westlund. 52: (tl) Phyllis Jr. Copyright © 1963 by Writers Veronica Lawlor. Reprinted by permission of Viking Press, a division V. Saroff. 52-53: (bg) Wetzel & Company. 53: (tr) Phyllis V. Saroff. 54: of Penguin Books USA Inc. (tl) Phyllis V. Saroff. 54-55: (bg) Wetzel & Company. 55: (tr) Phyllis House. Used by permission of V. Saroff. 56: (tl) Phyllis V. Saroff. 56-57: (bg) Wetzel & Company. “Into the Swamp” by Elizabeth Schleichert, photos by C. C. 57: (tr) Phyllis V. Saroff. 58: (tl) Phyllis V. Saroff. 58-59: (bg) Wetzel Writers House. Lockwood. From RANGER RICK SEPTEMBER 2003 — INTO THE & Company. 59: (tr) Phyllis V. Saroff. 60: (tl) Phyllis V. Saroff. 60-61: SWAMP. Copyright © 2003 by the National Wildlife Federation. (bg) Wetzel & Company. 61: (tr) Phyllis V. Saroff. 64: (l) Phyllis V. Reprinted by permission of People and Nature: Our Future Is in the Saroff. 66-67: (bg) Russell Farrell. 68: Daniel Del Valle. 76: Joe Balance. Lertola. 84: Kim Johnson. 86-101: Anna Rich. 105: Geoff McCormack/ Photo Researchers. 112-137: Jim LaMarche. 139: Joe LeMonnier. 142: Illustration Credits “The Life and Times of the Ant” by Charles Micucci from THE LIFE Daniel Del Valle. 145: Viviana Diaz. 146: Paul Mirocha. 152-169: C.F. AND TIMES OF THE ANT. Copyright © 2003 by Charles Micucci. Payne. 158: (br) Daniel Del Valle. 180-201: Maya Christina Gonzalez. Reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Company. 540B: John Gurney. 561F: Joe and 206: Daniel Del Valle. 213,216: Rick Nease for TFK. 224-243: Rosalyn “Light Bulb” and “Lightning Bolt” by Joan Bransfield Graham from Schanzer. 246: Daniel Del Valle. 250: Ann Boyajian. 252-265: Nicole Terri Chicko. 561U: Gideon Kendall. FLICKER FLASH. Text copyright © 1999 by Joan Bransfield Graham. Wong. 270: Daniel Del Valle. 280-297: David Diaz. 298-301: Murray Reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Company. Kimber. 302: Daniel Del Valle. 303: Maryana Beletskaya. 308-323: 585B: Joe and Terri Chicko. 591F: Chris Soentpiet. 328: Daniel Del Valle. 329: Time Life Pictures/Getty. “Me and Uncle Romie” by Claire Hartfield, paintings by Jerome 346-367: Paul Goble. 372: Daniel Del Valle. 378-401: Mary Azarian. Lagarrigue. Text copyright © 2002 by Claire Hartfield, paintings 402-403: Tina Fong. 404: Daniel Del Valle. 406-408: Argosy. 414-437: Bob Dorsey. 591U: Gideon Kendall. copyright © 2002 by Jerome Lagarrigue. Reprinted by permission of Mark Teague. 446: Lane Gregory. 448-463: Kristina Rodanas. 476: Dial Books, a division of Penguin Books USA Inc. Rick Nease for TFK. 504-505: Jesse Reisch. 506: Daniel Del Valle. 512- 603F: Bob Dorsey. 603U: Gideon 529: Katherine Brown-Wing. 530-533: David Groff. 558-559: Robert “Mountains and plains” and “No sky at all” from AN Casilla. 560: Wetzel & Company. 564-565: David LaFleur. 566-585: Kendall. 631F: (t) Greg Harris. 631F: INTRODUCTION TO HAIKU: AN ANTHOLOGY OF POEMS AND POETS Renato Alarcão. 586-589: Courtesy Puddlejump Players. 590: Daniel FROM BASHŌ TO SHIKI. Copyright © 1958 by Harold G. Henderson. Del Valle. 595: Rick Nease for TFK. 608-627: Jerome Lagarrigue. 628- Reprinted by permission of Doubleday Anchor Books, a division of 629: Megan Halsey. 650-651: John Hovell. 652-655: Ande Cook. 656: (b) Bob Dersey. Doubleday & Company, Inc. Ernesto Burciaga/Alamy. 664-665: Greg Shed. 666-681: Ying-Hwa Hu & Cornelius Van Wright. 686: Daniel Del Valle. 690-691: Loretta “Mighty Jackie: The Strike-Out Queen” by Marissa Moss, illustrated Krupinski. 692-709: Garth Williams. 715: Argosy. 720: American by C. F. Payne. Text copyright © 2004 by Marissa Moss, illustrations 631U: Gideon Kendall. 651B: Joe Museum of National History. 734-753: Jim Burke. 754-755: Bandelin- copyright © 2004 by C. F. Payne. Reprinted by permission of Simon Dacey Studios. 761: Paul Mirocha. 762-777: Charles Micucci. 778-781: & Schuster Books for Young Readers. and Terri Chicko. 657F: Francesco (bg) Amy Lowry Poole. 782: Daniel Del Valle. 783: John Hovell. 788- “My Brother Martin: A Sister Remembers, Growing Up with the 789: Renato Alarcão. Santalucia. 657F: Greg Harris. 657U: Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.” by Christine King Farris, illustrated PHOTOGRAPHY by Chris Soentpiet. Text copyright © 2003 by Christine King Farris, All photographs are by Macmillan/McGraw Hill (MMH) except as illustrations copyright © 2003 by Chris Soentpiet. Reprinted by Gideon Kendall. 661K: Jenny noted below: permission of Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers. 16-17: Annie Griffiths Belt/CORBIS. 17: Nick Koudis/Getty. 36: (tl) Vainisi. T19: Renato Alarcao. “My Brothers’ Flying Machine” by Jane Yolen, paintings by Jim Courtesy Johanna Hurwitz; (tc) Wetzel & Company; (bcr) Burke. Text copyright © 2003 by Jane Yolen, illustrations copyright WernerPhoto.com. 38-39: Vo Trung Dung/Corbis Sygma. 40: (tl) © 2003 by Jim Burke. Reprinted by permission of Little, Brown, and Keith Srakocic/AP; (br) Graeme Robertson/Getty. 41: Siner Jeff/ Company. Photo Credits Corbis Sygma. 42: CORBIS. 43: Lew Robertson/CORBIS. 44-45: “My Diary from Here to There” story by Amada Irma Pérez, Michael & Patricia Fogden/CORBIS. 45: Alan and Sandy Carey/ All Photographs are by Macmillan/ illustrations by Maya Christina Gonzalez from MY DIARY FROM Getty. 46: Jack Barrie/Bruce Coleman. 47: Dave Tipling/Alamy. 48- HERE TO THERE. Story copyright © 2002 by Amada Irma Pérez, 49: Bruce Clendenning/Visuals Unlimited. 49: Martin J Miller/ illustrations copyright © 2002 by Maya Christina Gonzalez. Visuals Unlimited. 51: (tr) Steve Warble; (b) Brian Vikander. 52: McGraw-Hill (MMH) and Ken Karp Reprinted by permission of Children’s Book Press. Barbara Gerlach/Visuals Unlimited. 53: (tc) Richard Day/Daybreak Imagery; (b) Tom Bean. 54: (tc) Bayard A. Brattstrom/Visuals Acknowledgments for MMH except as noted below: “Mystic Horse” by Paul Goble. Copyright © 2003 by Paul Goble. Unlimited; (b) Rob Simpson/Visuals Unlimited. 55: John Reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers. Cunningham/Visuals Unlimited. 56: (tc) LINK/Visuals Unlimited; (b) John Gerlach/Visuals Unlimited. 57: Hal Beral/Visuals Unlimited. 58: 540I: Myrleen Ferguson Cate/Photo “The Raft” by Jim LaMarche. Copyright © 2000 by Jim LaMarche. Malowski/Visuals Unlimited. 59: John Gerlach/Visuals Unlimited. Reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers. 60: (tr) Barbara Gerlach/Visuals Unlimited; (b) Joe McDonald/ Visuals Unlimited. 61: Tom J. Ulrich/Visuals Unlimited. 62-63: Bruce Edit. 557B: Jeffrey Coolidge/The “Roadrunner’s Dance” by Rudolfo Anaya, pictures by David Diaz. Clendenning/Visuals Unlimited. 64: Courtesy Lerner Publishing Text copyright © 2000 by Rudolfo Anaya, illustrations copyright © Group. 64-65: (bkgd) Martin J Miller/Visuals Unlimited; (bl) Barbara 2000 by David Diaz. Reprinted by permission of Hyperion Books for Image Bank/Getty Images. 627B: Gerlach/Visuals Unlimited. 65: (bc) Rob Simpson/Visuals Unlimited; Children. (br) Steve Warble. 68: Michael Newman/Photo Edit. 69: Digital Comstock Images/Getty. 661C: Ryan “The snow is melting” and “ Winter solitude” from THE ESSENTIAL Vision/Getty. 70-71: William Smithey Jr/Getty. 72: Frank Staub/Index HAIKU: VERSIONS OF BASHÕ, BUSON, AND ISSA. Introduction and Stock. 73: Corey Rich. 74-75: Ken Wilson/Wildfaces. 77: Campbell McVay/Getty Images. 661F: Gabe selection copyright © 1994 by Robert Hass. Unless otherwise noted, William/CORBIS Sygma. 78: (cl) Galen Rowell/CORBIS; (bcl) all translations copyright © 1994 by Robert Hass. Reprinted by Raymond Cramm/Photo Researchers; (bcr) Richard Kettlewell/ permission of The Ecco Press. Animals Animals; (bl) Tony Arruza/CORBIS; (bc) W. Gregory Brown/ Palmer/CORBIS. 661G: Royalty-Free/ Animals Animals. 80: SuperStock/AGE. 81: (bkgd) Dian Lofton for “Snowflake Bentley” by Jacqueline Briggs Martin, illustrated by TFK; (c) C. Squared Studios/Getty; (cr) Dian Lofton for TFK. 82-83: CORBIS. Mary Azarian. Text copyright © 1998 by Jacqueline Briggs Martin, NASA/AP. 83: NASA/Getty. 85: Stock Trek/Getty. 100: (tl) Photo by illustrations copyright © 1998 by Mary Azarian. Reprinted by Das Anndas. Courtesy Farrar, Straus and Giroux; (cr) Courtesy Anna permission of Houghton Mifflin Company Rich. 102: NASA. 104: Detlev Van Ravenswaay/Science Photo Library. 104-105: Chris Butler/Science Photo Library. 106: Rubberball/Getty. “A Walk in the Desert” by Rebecca L. Johnson with illustrations by 107: Photodisc/Getty. 108-109: Steve Dunwell/Index Stock. 109: Phyllis V. Saroff from A WALK IN THE DESERT. Text copyright © 2001 Jeremy Woodhouse/Getty. 110: John Beatty/Getty. 111: (cl) Jen & Des by Rebecca L. Johnson, illustrations copyright © 2001 by Phyllis V. Bartlett/Bruce Coleman; (bkgd) Jim Brandenburg/Minden. 136: Saroff. Reprinted by permission of Carolrhoda Books, Inc. Courtesy Jim LaMarche. 138: CC Lockwood. 138-139: (bc) Edmond Van Hoorick/Getty. 140: CC Lockwood. 140-141: Sami Sarkis/Getty. 141: “Wild Horses: Black Hills Sanctuary” by Cris Peterson, photographs CC Lockwood. 142: Photodisc/Getty. 143: Christoph Burki/Getty. 148- by Alvis Upitis. Text copyright © 2003 by Cris Peterson, photographs 149: Tim Shaffer/Reuters. 149: C Squared Studios/Getty. 150: 815

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Bettmann/CORBIS. 151: Bernard Hoffman/Getty. 168: (tl) Courtesy 537: Corel Stock Photo Library. 538: (bl) Alfred Eisenstaedt/Time Simon & Schuster; (cr) Courtesy C.F. Payne. 170: Underwood & Life/Getty; (br) Corel Stock Photo Library. 540-541: Pixtal/AGE. 541: Underwood/CORBIS. 171: Photodisc/Getty. 172: Bettmann/CORBIS. Siede Preis/Getty. 542-543: Steven Weinrebe/Index Stock. 543: Don 173: Comstock/Getty. 174: Myrleen Ferguson Cate/Photo Edit. 175: Smetzer/Stone/Getty. 544-550: ©2005 Twentieth Century Fox. All Brand X/Getty. 176-177: Stephen Chernin/AP. 177: Mel Curtis/Getty. rights reserved. 550-553: (bkgd) Wetzel & Company. 553-555: ©2005 178: Rusty Hill/FOODPIX. 179: David Hiser/Getty. 200: Courtesy Twentieth Century Fox. All rights reserved. 556: (tr) Courtesy Children’s Book Press. 202: (c) Granger; (bkgd) Masterfile. 204-205: Candlewick Press; (bl) ©2005 Twentieth Century Fox. All rights Granger. 206: BananaStock/Alamy. 207: Mark Gibson/CORBIS. 208- reserved. 557: ©2005 Twentieth Century Fox. All rights reserved. 209: Wu Jianxin/Imaginechina. 210: Picture Finders/Estock. 211: (tc) 560: Ryan McVay/Getty. 561: CORBIS. 562-563: Bill Bachmann/Index Wu Xiang/Imaginechina; (cl) C Squared Studios/Getty. 212-213: John Stock. 563: Nick Koudis/Getty. 584: (tcl) Courtesy Peachtree Stanmeyer. 214: Christie’s Images. 216: Tenzin Dorjee. 218: SW Publishers; (bcr) Courtesy Renato Alarcao. 587-589: Courtesy Productions/Brand X. 219: (bkgd) Dian Lofton for TFK; (cl) Puddlejump Players. 590: (tr) Jody Dole/Getty; (c) C Squared Photodisc/Getty; (cr) Burke/Triolo/Alamy; (bcr) Tomi/Photolink/ Studios/Getty; (cl) Stockbyte/Getty. 591: Photodisc/Getty. 592-593: Getty. 220-221: Paul Souders/CORBIS. 221: Steve Cole/Getty. 222: (tr) Library of Congress, Maps Division. 594: North Wind.. 595: Museo Schenectady Museum; Hall of Electrical History Foundation/ Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico Luigi Pigorini. 596: Jan CORBIS; (bl) W. Dickson/CORBIS. 223: Bettmann/CORBIS. 242: Sonnenmair/Aurora. 597: Seth Resnick. 598: (bcl) Thunder Bay Courtesy Roz Schanzer. 246: Kevin Peterson/Getty. 247: (tr) National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve; (b) Bowling DigitalVision/AGE; (tr) Ryan McVay/Getty. 248-249: David A. Green State University. 599: (tr) Priit Vesilind/National Geographic; Northcott/CORBIS. 251: (tl) Daryl Balfour/Getty; (cr) Stephen (bl) Courtesy of the Institute for Exploration, Mystic, CT. 600: (tr) Cooper/Getty. 264: (tl) Courtesy Groundwood Books; (cr) Courtesy Richard T. Nowitz/CORBIS; (br) University Museum of Cultural Nicole Wong. 266: John Cancalosi/DRK. 267: Michael & Patricia Heritage. 602: Photostock/SuperStock. 603: (b) Dian Lofton for TFK; Fogden/Minden. 268: Michael Fogden/Animals Animals. 269: Daniel (cl) Burke/Triolo/Alamy; (cr) Ryan McVay/Getty. 604-605: Mark J. Lyons/Alamy. 270: Tipp Howell/Getty. 271: Art Wolfe/Getty. 273: Gibson/CORBIS. 605: C Squared Studios/Getty 606: (bl) Chris Steele- Michael St. Maur Sheil/CORBIS. 276-277: Jonathan Blair/CORBIS. Perkins/Magnum; (br) Comstock/Getty; (br) Photodisc/Getty. 607: 277: C. McIntyre/PhotoLink/Getty. 278-279: John Cancalosi/Ardea. Photodisc/Getty. 626: (tr) Photo by Jessica Tampas. Courtesy Claire 279: ZSSD/SuperStock. 296: (tl) Photo by Mimi. Courtesy Rudolfo Hartfield; (cl) Courtesy of Penguin Group. 630: Alan Levenson/AGE. Anaya; (bcr) Courtesy Harcourt Brace and Co. 302: Jim Jordan/ 631: Bettmann/CORBIS. 632-633: Steve Bloom Images/Alamy. 633: Getty. 304-305: David Butow/CORBIS. 305: CORBIS. 306-307: CORBIS. 634: Scott Neville/AP. 636-649: Alvis Upitis. Frames and Bettmann/CORBIS. 322: (tl) Courtesy Simon & Schuster; (c) Courtesy Parchment: Artbeat. 650: Courtesy of Highlights for Children. 650- Chris Soenpiet. 324: AP. 325: Larry Downing/Getty. 326: Bettmann/ 651: Alvis Upitis; frame: Artbeat. 651: Alvis Upitis. 656: Amos CORBIS. 326-327: Bill Pierce/Time Life Pictures/Getty. 328: Amos Morgan/Getty. 657: Photodisc/Getty. 658: Marty Snyderman/Visuals Morgan/Getty. 330-331: Jeff Greenberg/PhotoEdit. 332: (tr) Jan Unlimited. 659: Jeffrey L. Rotman/CORBIS. 660: Gary Bell/ Kleveland; (cr) Russel Illig/Photodisc/Punchstock; (br) C Squared Oceanwideimages.com. 662-663: Bettmann/CORBIS. 663: C Squared Studios/Getty. 333: Courtesy Jhordan Logan. 334: (l) Mi Won Kim Studios/Getty. 680: (tr) Rob Layman; (cl) Courtesy Cornelius Van for TFK; (r) Rick Nease for TFK. 335: Mi Won Kim for TFK. 336: (t) Wright and Ying-Hwa Hu. 682-683: Bettmann/CORBIS. 684: Courtesy Esta Shapiro; (bl) Courtesy David Hsu. 337: Courtesy David Kenneth Garrett/Getty. 685: PhotoLink/Getty. 686: (cl) Hsu. 338: Lewis Wickes Hines/CORBIS. 340: Image 100/Punchstock. BananaStock/AGE. 687: (tr) Brand X/Getty; (tr) CORBIS. 688-689: 341: (bkgd) Dian Lofton for TFK; (cl) Burke/Triolo/Alamy; (cr) Ryan Ralph Ginzburg/Peter Arnold. 689: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service/Craig McVay/Getty. 342-343: Warren Morgan/CORBIS. 343: Photodisc/ Koppie. 710: (tl) Marcia Johnston. Courtesy Farrar, Straus & Giroux; Getty. 344: Fototeca Gilardi/Phodo/Alamy. 344-345: Corel Stock (bcr) Courtesy Estate of Garth Williams c/o Frost National Bank. 712: Photo Library. 345: Hulton Archive/Getty 366: Courtesy Paul Goble. (tr) B.G. Thomson/Photo Researchers; (c) Karen Marks/Bat 368-369: Werner Forman/CORBIS. 370: Marilyn “Angel” Wynn/ Conservation International/Photo Researchers. 712-713: Steve Nativestock.com. 371: Jean-Marc Giboux/Liaison/Getty. 372: Kaufman/CORBIS. 713: Pat Little/AP. 714: Jeff Lepore/Photo ImageState/Alamy. 373: Dave King/DK. 374-375: Josh Reynolds/ Researchers. 714-715: Tim Flach/Stone/Getty 716: (cl) Robert Image Works. 375: Kevin Jordan/Getty. 376: Gary Buss/Getty. 377: Llewellyn/Alamy; (br) Kathy Willens/AP. 717: Paul Souders/CORBIS. Richard Hutchings/CORBIS. 400: (tl) Sharron L. McElmeel/ 718-719: David Boyer/National Geographic. 720: American Museum McBookwords LLC; (cr) Courtesy Mary Azarian. 404: Michael of Natural History. 721: (tl) Dwight Hilpman; (bl) Jim Pisarowicz. Newman/PhotoEdit. 405: (tr) Bettmann/CORBIS; (frame) Stockbyte/ 722: Field Museum, Chicago. 722-723: Black Hills Institute/Field PictureQuest. 410-411: Amy E Conn/AP. 411: G.K. & Vikki Hart/Getty Museum, Chicago. 723: John Weinstein/Field Museum, Chicago. 412: (bl) Ulrike Schanz/Animals Animals/; (b) CORBIS. 413: Mary 724: Black Hills Institute/Field Museum, Chicago. 724-725: Black Grace Long/Asia Images/Getty. 436: Courtesy Scholastic. 438: Hills Institute/Field Museum, Chicago. 725: Courtesy Sue Okapia/Hund/Kramer/Photo Researchers. 439-441: Manuela Hendrickson. 726: Mark Moffett/Minden. 728: Jiang Jin/SuperStock. Hartling/Reuters/CORBIS. 442: CORBIS. 443: Myrleen Ferguson 729: (cl) Burke/Triolo/Alamy; (cr) S. Wanke/Photolink/Getty; (b) Cate/PhotoEdit. 444-445: Richard Price/Taxi/Getty. 445: Jim Dian Lofton for TFK. 730-731: Stephanie Maze/CORBIS. 731: Craigmyle/CORBIS. 462: Courtesy Kristina Rodanas. 464: Jonathan PhotoLink/Getty. 732-733: Bettmann/CORBIS. 733: Science Museum, Nourok/PhotoEdit. 465: (tl) Bob Daemmrich/Image Works; (br) London/Topham-HIP/Image Works. 752: (tr) Jason Stemple PhotoDisc. 466: (tr) Owen Franken/CORBIS; (bl) Bob Daemmrich/ Photographer; (bcl) Courtesy Jim Burke. 756: Frank Siteman/AGE. PhotoEdit. 467: John A Rizzo/Getty. 468: (cl) Dan Bigelow/Getty; 758-759: Michael & Patricia Fogden/CORBIS. 759: Brand X/ (br) Matt Bowman/FoodPix/Getty. 469: (tr) Andy Crawford/DK; (cr) PictureQuest. 760: Masterfile. 761: Steve Hopkin/Ardea. 776: Anita Brian Hagiwara/Getty; (cr) Ryan McVay/Getty. 470-471: Peter/ Lambrinos/Courtesy Charles Micucci. 782: Rubberball/Getty. 785: Georgina Bowater/Mira. 472: D.C. Lowe/EPN Images. 473: (tcl) W. (tr) Ed Degginger; (br) Michael Okoniewski/AP; (br) Ablestock/ Cody/CORBIS; (tr) CORBIS. 474: AP. 475: Derek Trask/CORBIS. 476: Alamy. 786: Ed Degginger. 790: Andrew Ward/Life File/Getty. 791: (l) Comstock/Alamy. 477: AP. 478: (tr) Steve Liss; (b) Imageshop/ Comstock/Getty; (r) TRBfoto/Getty. 792: (l) Photodisc/Getty; (tr) Punchstock. 480: SuperStock/AGE. 481: (bkgd) Dian Lofton for TFK; Sylvia Pitcher Photolibrary/Alamy; (br) Robert Brenner/PhotoEdit. (cr) S. Wanke/PhotoLink/Getty. 482-483: Stuart Westmorland/ 793: Digital Vision/Getty. 794: Yellow Dog Productions/Image Bank/ Stone/Getty. 483: CORBIS. 484: (tr) Amos Nachoum/CORBIS; (br) Getty. 795: (l) Robert Harding World Imagery/Getty; (r) StockTrek/ Roger Tidman/CORBIS. 484-485: Stephen Frink Collection/Alamy. Getty. 796: (l) Dick Scott/Visuals Unlimited; (r) CORBIS. 797: Adam 486-501: Richard Sobol. 502: Courtesy Robert Sobol. 502-503: Jones/Visuals Unlimited. 798: (l) CORBIS; (r) JPL/NASA. 799: Siede Richard Sobol. 506: Dan Bigelow/Getty. 507: Mickey Gibson/Animals Preis/Getty. 800: Photolink/Getty. 801: Charles George/Visuals Animals. 508-509: Stephen Frink/Image Bank/Getty. 509: Siede Unlimited. 802: Andy Sacks/Stone/Getty. 803: (l) Mel Curtis/Getty; Preis/Getty. 510: Brandon Cole Marine Photography/Alamy. 510-511: (r) Siede Preis/Getty. 804: (l) Jeff Foott/Discovery Images/ Boden/Ledingham/Masterfile. 511: (Brandon Cole/Visuals Unlimited. PictureQuest; (r) Comstock/Getty. 805: Victor Habbick Visions/ 514-527: (bkgd) Wetzel & Company/Janice McDonald. 528: Photo by Photo Researchers. 806: Louie Psihoyos/CORBIS. 807: Digital Vision/ Yuusuke Itagaki. Courtesy Charlesbridge Publishers. 528-529: Getty. 808: David Ball/CORBIS. 809: (l) S. Solum/Photolink/Getty; (r) (bkgd) Wetzel & Company/Janice McDonald. 534: Comstock/Alamy. Pixel/Alamy. 810: Donovan Reese/Getty. 811: Peter Yates/CORBIS. 812: 534-535: Masterfile. 535: David Young-Wolff/PhotoEdit. 536: (l) (l) Jeremy Woodhouse/Getty; (r) Digital Vision. 813: Jay Freis/Image Alfred Eisenstaedt/Time Life/Getty; (r) Corel Stock Photo Library. Bank/Getty. 814: Stockbyte/Getty.

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T55 Teacher’s Notes