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Internacia Kongresa Universitato, IKU En 2020 Universala Esperanto-Asocio Universala Esperanto-Asocio Internacia Kongresa UniversitatoInternacia Tutmonde Kongresa73-a sesio 01 Universitato— 08 de aŭgusto 2020 Tutmonde 73-a sesio 01 — 08 de aŭgusto 2020 Internacia Kongresa Universitato. 73-a sesio Universitato. Kongresa Internacia Red.Red. Anna Anna Striganova, Striganova, Dmitrij Dmitrij Ŝevĉenko, Ŝevĉenko, Amri Amri Wandel Wandel EldonejoEldonejo «Impeto»«Impeto» УДК 811.922 ББК 81.8 Эсп UDC 811.922 Internacia Kongresa Universitato 73-a sesio. Tutmonde. 1 — 8 de aŭgusto 2020 Redaktoroj: Anna Striganova, Dmitrij Ŝevĉenko, Amri Wandel Provlegis Rob Moerbeek Ред. Анна Стриганова, Дмитрий Шевченко, Амри Вандель Internacia Kongresa Universitato / Ред. Анна Стриганова, Дмитрий Шевченко, Амри Вандель. Международный Конгрессный Университет. На языке эсперанто — М.: Импэто, 2020. — 104 с. ISBN 978-5-7161-0314-6 УДК 811.922 ББК 81.8 Эсп Dankon al IKU-komisiono: Sabine Fiedler, Michael Maitzen, José Antonio Vergara, Humphrey Tonkin, Jingen Wen kaj Amri Wandel. Dankon pro la traduko kaj kontrolo: Edmund Grimley-Evans, Brian Moon, Yannick Janine Dumoulin, Claude Nourmont. Kun aŭspicio de Universala Esperanto-Asocio Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj ISBN 978-5-7161-0314-6 © «Impeto», aranĝo, 2020 Enhavo Antaŭparolo ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 Redakcie ........................................................................................................................................ 6 La Rektoro.......................................................................................................................................8 IKU / AIS 1 – Grant Goodall Alproprigo de dua lingvo: Ĉu ebla post la infanaĝo? ............................................................................ 9 IKU / AIS 2 – François Lo Jacomo La ora nombro ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 IKU 3 – Geoffrey Greatrex Romianoj kaj persoj en la malfrua antikvo: milito, arto kaj kulturo ................................................ 34 IKU 4 – Pascal Dubourg Glatigny Esperanto kaj la Dua Mondmilito: postmemora aliro al transnaciaj rakontoj ........................... 49 IKU 5 – Javier Alcalde Geopolitiko, remalkovrita fako ......................................................................................................................... 60 IKU 6 – Keyhan Sayadpour Zanjani Genetiko kaj Koro ................................................................................................................................................. 69 IKU 7 – Carlos Spinola Veturado tra la interplaneda spaco .............................................................................................................. 75 Scienca Kafejo ...................................................................................................................................................... 91 3 Antaŭparolo Amri Wandel, UEA-estrarano pri Scienca kaj Faka Agado, Prezidanto de AIS La Internacia Kongresa Universitato (IKU) devus ĉi-jare festi sian 95-an jaron, sed efektive ĝi ne okazos. Almenaŭ ne en la kutima formo. La korona viruso kreis novan mondan situacion, ankaŭ en Esperantujo. La Universala Kongreso en Montrealo ne povis okazi kiel planite kaj estas anstataŭigita per Virtuala Kongreso (VK), kiu provas konservi la ĉefajn trajtojn de la UK, inter ili ankaŭ IKU kaj la Scienca Kafejo. Kiel en antaŭaj jaroj kaj kongresoj, IKU supozeble estos unu el la plej popularaj programeroj, ankaŭ virtuale. Malsame ol la ordinara UK, en la VK ne estos paralelaj programeroj. Pro tio la IKU-prelegoj estos senkonkurencaj. Alia diferenco, la VK-programo daŭros nur ses horojn tage, por esti komforte sekvebla por partoprenantoj en ĉiuj horzonoj, de Japanio ĝis Kalifornio. Sekve de tiuj du limigoj la VK havos malpli ol 30% de la horoj en tipa UK. Pro tio nur parto de la tradiciaj UK-programeroj povos okazi, kaj kelkaj nur en konciza formato. Ankaŭ IKU estas reduktita kaj havas malpli da prelegoj – sep anstataŭ la kutimaj naŭ. La komuna sesio de IKU kaj AIS (Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj), kiu kutime havas tri kursojn kun po tri prelegoj, estas ĉi-jare reduktita kaj havas nur du kursojn kun po du lecionoj, la unua el ili kadre de IKU. Jen la plena programo: IKU-inaŭguro: 1 aŭg. IKU1, 2: 2 aŭg. (Goodall, Lo Jacomo) IKU3, 4: 3 aŭg. (Greatrex, Dubourg) IKU5: 4 aŭg. (Alcalde) IKU6: 6 aŭg. (Sayadpour) IKU7: 7 aŭg. (Spinola) Scienca Kafejo: 3 aŭg. AIS-prelegoj: AIS1.2: Goodall 6 aŭg. AIS1.2: Lo Jacomo 7 aŭg. La tekstoj de la IKU-prelegoj kaj AIS-kursoj estas kunmetitaj en ĉi tiu volumo. Regule aperanta ekde 1997, la IKU-libro estas ankaŭ rete havebla ekde 2005, en la IKU-paĝo en la retejo de UEA: http://uea.org/teko/IKU. Konforme al la situacio, ĉi-jare la IKU-libro aperas precipe rete, sed limigita kvanto de la papera eldono estas mendebla ĉe UEA. Kiel dirite, ĉi-jare okazas kadre de IKU sep prelegoj kaj du AIS-kursoj, kies plenaj tekstoj troviĝas en tiu ĉi libro. Aldone okazas kvar prelegoj de la Scienca Kafejo, kies tekstoj troviĝas fine de la libro. Tiu ĉi libro estas iom nekutima ankaŭ pro sia ekstera aspekto: la kovrilo. La flora fono kun la birdo kvazaŭ kompletigas la sobran sciencan enhavon kaj peras mesaĝon de naturo, kiu eble estas bezonata en la nuna malfacila tempo. 4 Mi ŝatus danki miajn kunredaktorojn kaj eldonistojn Dima Ŝevĉenko kaj Anna Striganova. Kiel ĉiam la IKU-komisiono profesie prijuĝis la proponojn (ĉi-jare alvenis pli ol dudek): Sabine Fiedler, Michael Maitzen, José Antonio Vergara, Humphrey Tonkin, Jingen Wen kaj mi. La IKU-resumojn tradukis en la anglan Edmund Grimley-Evans, kontrolis Brian Moon, en la francan tradukis Yannick kaj Janine Dumoulin, kontrolis Claude Nourmont. Tiuj tradukoj ebligas al eksteraj instancoj kiel Unesko kaj Ne-Registaraj-Organizoj konatiĝi kun la scienca apliko de la internacia lingvo Esperanto. 5 Redakcie Dmitrij Ŝevĉenko kaj Anna Striganova Ĉi-jare la unuan fojon la IKU- libro estas elŝutebla senpage jam dum la ĉefa Esperanto- aran ĝo de la mondo. Ĉi-foje tio estas la Virtuala Kongreso de Esperanto (VK), dum kiu oka- zas la IKU-sesio kaj estas aran- ĝata la Scienca Kafejo. Estas simbola momento, ke sur la kovrilpaĝo de la libro kaj la titolpaĝo, la unuan fojon en la historio de tiu ĉi serio, aperas “Tutmonde”, sed ne la no mo de la lando kaj urbo, kie oka zas sesio de la Internacia Kongresa Universitato. La libron mem kaj prezenton de ĝi vi povas trovi en la retpaĝo http://iku.trovu.com. Ni volas mencii, ke ĉi-jare tri kunredaktoroj, provleganto, tradukistoj kaj la eldonejo rezignis ajnan rekompencon de sia laboro pri la IKU-libro. En la supre menciita retpaĝo vi povas donaci, omaĝe al tiu ĉi eldono, al la Ĝenerala Kaso de Universala Esperanto-Asocio, kiu nun bezonas vian helpon. Aperos ankaŭ la papera libroforma versio de la IKU-tekstaro. Ĉiuj dezirantoj povos poste akiri ĝin en la libroservo de UEA kaj libroservoj de kelkaj Landaj Asocioj. Kiel skribis foje unu el la plej konataj esperantistoj, la verkisto Harry Harrison: “Legu, ĝuu!” 6 Internacia Kongresa Universitato 73-a sesio Tutmonde 1 — 8 de aŭgusto 2020 La Rektoro Geoffrey Greatrex Geoffrey Greatrex estas profesoro pri klasikaj studoj en la universitato de Otavo, kie li nun pasigis preskaŭ dudek jarojn. Kvankam li naskiĝis en Otavo, li edukiĝis en Britio, kie li studis en la universitato de Oksfordo. Li doktoriĝis pri malfrua romia historio: lia tezo traktis la persajn militojn de la imperiestro Justiniano. Movade, li prezidis JEB kaj EAB en Britio antaŭ ol li transloĝiĝis al Kanado; tie li prezidis KEA kaj estas nun ĝia vicprezidanto. Li jam prelegis dufoje en la IKU en Roterdamo (2008) kaj Rejkjaviko (2013). Li estas rektoro de IKU 2020. Geoffrey Greatrex Geoffrey Greatrex is Professor of Classics at the Uni ver sity of Ottawa, where has taught now for nearly twenty years. Although he was born in Ottawa, he was educated in Britain, where he studied at Oxford University. His doctoral thesis was in the field of late Roman history: his thesis discussed the Persian wars of the Emperor Justinian. In the Esperanto movement he was president of JEB and EAB before he returned to Canada, where has been president of KEA; he is currently its vice-president. He has twice given IKU lectures, in Rotterdam in 2008 and in Reykjavik in 2013. He is the rector of the virtual congress of 2020. Geoffrey Greatrex Geoffrey Greatrex est professeur d’études anciennes à l’Université d’Ottawa, où il a enseigné depuis 2001. Bien qu’il soit né à Ottawa, il a reçu sa formation en Grande Bretagne, où il a fait ses études à l’université d’Oxford. Sa thèse doctorale porta sur l’Antiquité tardive, plus précisément sur les guerres perses de l’empereur Justinien. Dans le monde espérantophone il a présidé JEB et EAB au Royaume Uni avant de déménager au Canada. Après son retour il a préside KEA et occupe présentement le poste de vice-président. Il a donné des conférences dans le cadre de l’IKU à Rotterdam en 2008, puis à Reykjavik en 2013. Il est le recteur de l’IKU du congrès virtuel de 2020. 8 IKU / AIS 1 Alproprigo de dua lingvo: Ĉu ebla post la infanaĝo? Grant Goodall Grant Goodall estas profesoro pri lingvistiko en la Uni- versitato de Kalifornio, San Diego. Li estas specialisto pri sin takso kaj studas sintaksajn strukturojn kaj procezojn, ilian interagadon kun aliaj kognaj procezoj, kaj la manieron laŭ
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