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Danube Flood Risk Management Plan Document number: IC 232 Part A – Basin-wide overview Version: 9 Update 2021 Date: 31 Mar 2021 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Imprint Published by: ICPDR – International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River © ICPDR 2021 Contact ICPDR Secretariat Vienna International Centre / D0412 P.O. Box 500 / 1400 Vienna / Austria T: +43 (1) 26060-5738 / F: +43 (1) 26060-5895 [email protected] / www.icpdr.org ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Table of content 1 .. Introduction 9 1.1 General characterisation of Danube River Basin 9 1.2 Floods and flood risk management in DRB 11 2 .. Conclusions of the preliminary flood risk assessment 16 2.1 PFRA 16 2.2 APSFR in the Danube River Basin District 17 3 .. Conclusions on flood hazard maps and flood risk maps 19 3.1 Flood hazard map 19 3.2 Flood risk maps 21 3.3 Conclusions drawn from the maps 23 4 .. Objectives 24 4.1 Avoidance of new risks 25 4.2 Reduction of existing risks 25 4.3 Strengthening resilience 25 4.4 Raising awareness 25 4.5 Promoting the solidarity principle 26 4.6 Progress in implementation of DFRMP 26 4.7 Progress in achieving objectives 27 4.7.1 Promoting the solidarity principle during Danube ice event 2017 28 5 .. Measures and their prioritisation 29 5.1 Prioritisation 30 5.2 Joint implementation of measures 30 5.3 EU Strategy for the Danube Region 30 5.4 Climate check of flood risk measures 31 5.4.1 Germany 31 5.4.2 Austria 32 5.4.3 Czech Republic 32 5.4.4 Slovakia 32 5.4.5 Hungary 33 5.4.6 Slovenia 33 5.4.7 Croatia 33 5.4.8 Serbia 34 5.4.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 34 5.4.10 Romania 36 5.4.11 Bulgaria 36 5.4.12 Ukraine 37 5.4.13 Moldova 37 5.5 Types of measures and progress in their implementation 38 5.5.1 Measures to avoid new risks 38 5.5.2 Measures reducing the existing risks 40 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org 5.5.3 Strengthening resilience 47 5.5.4 Raising awareness 59 5.5.5 Promoting the solidarity principle 59 5.5.6 Progress in implementation of basin-wide measures 60 6 .. Water retention 69 6.1 Flood retention 69 6.2 Towards better environmental options in flood risk management 69 6.3 Progress in implementation of natural water retention measures 70 6.3.1 FRAMWAT project 71 6.3.2 LIFE-MICACC 71 6.3.3 Danube Floodplain project 73 6.3.4 Coca-Cola - WWF “Partnership for a living Danube” 74 6.4 National activities towards water retention in the Danube River Basin District 74 6.4.1 Germany 74 6.4.2 Austria 75 6.4.3 Czech Republic 75 6.4.4 Slovakia 75 6.4.5 Hungary 76 6.4.6 Slovenia 77 6.4.7 Croatia 77 6.4.8 Serbia 78 6.4.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 79 6.4.10 Romania 79 6.4.11 Bulgaria 80 6.4.12 Ukraine 80 6.4.13 Moldova 80 7 .. Coordination with WFD 81 7.1 Promoting integration within ICPDR 83 7.2 Examples of win-win measures 85 7.3 Floodplains/wetlands reconnection 86 7.4 Future infrastructure projects 87 7.5 National activities towards coordinating FD & WFD implementation 88 7.5.1 Germany 88 7.5.2 Austria 89 7.5.3 Czech Republic 90 7.5.4 Slovakia 90 7.5.5 Hungary 91 7.5.6 Slovenia 92 7.5.7 Croatia 93 7.5.8 Serbia 93 7.5.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 93 7.5.10 Romania 94 7.5.11 Bulgaria 95 7.5.12 Ukraine 95 7.5.13 Moldova 95 8 .. Cost-benefit analysis 96 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org 8.1 National CBA activities 96 8.1.1 Germany 96 8.1.2 Austria 97 8.1.3 Czech Republic 97 8.1.4 Slovakia 97 8.1.5 Hungary 99 8.1.6 Slovenia 100 8.1.7 Croatia 100 8.1.8 Serbia 100 8.1.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 100 8.1.10 Romania 101 8.1.11 Bulgaria 101 8.1.12 Ukraine 102 8.1.13 Moldova 102 9 .. Impacts of climate change 103 10 International coordination 108 10.1 ICPDR 108 10.2 Flood risk management in the Danube River Basin District 109 11 Promoting the solidarity principle 111 12 Public information and consultation 114 12.1 Danube River Basin District 114 12.1.1 Objectives of Public Participation within the legal setting of the Floods Directive 114 12.1.2 ICPDR Observer Organisations 115 12.1.3 Updating ICPDR public participation practices 116 12.1.4 Informing & being informed: Public consultation for the DFRMP Update 2021 116 12.1.5 Ensuring transparency: Reporting on consultation activities 118 12.1.6 Connections with national level public consultation 118 12.1.7 Connections with the Danube River Basin Management Plan Update 2021 119 12.2 Public information and consultation at the national level 119 12.2.1 Germany 119 12.2.2 Austria 119 12.2.3 Czech Republic 120 12.2.4 Slovakia 121 12.2.5 Hungary 121 12.2.6 Slovenia 122 12.2.7 Croatia 123 12.2.8 Serbia 123 12.2.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 124 12.2.10 Bulgaria 124 12.2.11 Romania 125 12.2.12 Ukraine 126 12.2.13 Moldova 127 13 Conclusions and next steps 127 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Disclaimer This Flood Risk Management Plan for the Danube River Basin District, further referred to as the Danube Flood Risk Management Plan (DFRMP) Update 2021, is based on information received from the ICPDR Contracting Parties by 03 February 2021. Sources other than the competent authorities have been clearly identified in the Plan. A more detailed level of information is presented in the national Flood Risk Management Plans. Hence, the Danube Flood Risk Management Plan should be read and interpreted in conjunction with the national Flood Risk Management Plans. The data in this report has been dealt with, and is presented, to the best of our knowledge. Nevertheless, inconsistencies cannot be ruled out. In this report, the terminology of the EU Floods Directive was applied by the authors. In a common language, the "low probability" scenarios should be considered as events that are very rare and would maybe happen once in a human lifetime. "Medium probability" events usually mean "100-year floods", which could happen once (or even more often) in the same generation cycle. The so-called "high probability" events are quite common compared to the before mentioned ones, since they can be experienced several times during a lifetime. The statistical probability expresses the uncertainty of the time frame of the flood phenomena; hence these events can happen in many years but also tomorrow. The flood experts in the Danube River Basin work continuously on being prepared for the projected conditions. ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org List of Tables Table 1: Basic characteristics of the Danube River Basin District ....................................................................................................................... 9 Table 2: Shares and population of countries in the DRB .................................................................................................................................. 10 Table 3: The Danube and its main tributaries (1st order tributaries with catchments > 4,000 km2) ................................................................. 10 List of Acronyms APC Accident Prevention and Control ICPDR International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River APSFR Areas of Potential Significant Flood Risk IED Industrial Emissions Directive AT Austria IMGIS Information Management & GIS BA Bosnia and Herzegovina IPPC Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control BAT Best Available Techniques ISRBC International Sava River Basin Commission BG Bulgaria JPM Joint Programme of Measures CBA Cost-Benefit Analysis km kilometre cm centimetre LC Land Cover CZ Czech Republic MA Monitoring and Assessment DE Germany MD Moldova DRBD Danube River Basin District ME Montenegro DRBMP Danube River Basin Management Plan MoE SR Ministry of the Environment of the Slovak Republic DRPC Danube River Protection Convention NARW National Administration "Romanian Waters" EC European Commission NGO Non-Governmental Organization EFAS The European Flood Awareness System NWRM Natural Water Retention Measures EG Expert Group OVF General Directorate of Water Management in Hungary EIA Environmental Impact Assessment PFRA Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment EU European Union PP Public Participation EU WGF EU Working Group on Floods PS Permanent Secretariat EUCP EU Civil Protection RBD River Basin District EULEX European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo RBM River Basin Management EUR Euro RO Romania EUSDR EU Strategy for the Danube Region RS Republic of Serbia FD Floods Directive SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment FEM Floodplain evaluation matrix SI Slovenia FHRM Flood Hazard and Risk Map SK Slovak Republic FIPs Future Infrastructure Projects SWMI Significant Water Management Issues FP Flood Protection TG Task Group FRM Flood Risk Management UA Ukraine ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org FRMP Flood Risk Management Plan UK United Kingdom GIS Geographic Information System UN United Nations ha hectare UNDAC UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination HEC-RAS Hydrologic Engineering Centres River Analysis System UoM Unit of Management HR Croatia WFD EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC HU Hungary WWF World Wildlife Fund List of Figures Figure 1 Hungarian icebreakers on duty near Apatin, Serbian-Croatian border (credits OVF) .......................................................................
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