A1066 THETFORD ENTERPRISE PARK PROPOSED ROUNDABOUT Preliminary Ecological Assessment (PEA) of Land Opposite Wyatt Way, Thetford

A1066 THETFORD ENTERPRISE PARK PROPOSED ROUNDABOUT Preliminary Ecological Assessment (PEA) of land opposite Wyatt Way, Thetford.

Produced by Ed Stocker MCIEEM, Ecologist. Norfolk County Council December 2017

CONTENTS PAGE

1 NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY 3

2 INTRODUCTION 3

3 LEGISLATION 5

4 SURVEY METHODS 8

5 RESULTS 9

6 CONSTRAINTS 12

7 FURTHER SURVEY 12

8 MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENTS 13

9 CONCLUSION 16

APPENDIX 1. PHOTOGRAPHS 17

APPENDIX 2. NBIS BIODIVERSITY DATA SEARCH 18

1 NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY

The purpose of this report is to identify the habitats present within the footprint of the proposed new roundabout scheme, to assess the likelihood of protected species being present within or surrounding this area, and to determine whether further survey and or mitigation will be required as a part of the proposed scheme. As a local authority, Norfolk County Council has a duty under the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2007 to conserve and also enhance biodiversity. The site was assessed on 01/12/17 in accordance with the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management (CIEEM), Guidelines for Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (December 2017). This report is prepared by the Natural Environment Team at Norfolk County Council for the sole and exclusive use of the commissioning party in response to their particular instructions.

2 INTRODUCTION This report has been produced by Ed Stocker, MCIEEM (Ecologist) Natural Environment Team, Norfolk County Council. Norfolk County Council’s Natural Environment Team was commissioned in December 2017 to undertake a Preliminary Ecological Assessment (PEA) of the land immediately adjoining the junction of the A1066 Brandon Road and Wyatt Way ,Thetford. Grid Reference TL864:847, on behalf of Norfolk County Council’s Highways Projects Section.

The application site forms part of a larger area of land on the east and west sides of the A1066 Mundford Road allocated in 2009 Development Plan for employment / commercial purposes. The roundabout will alter the current junction to offer access to the western side of the A1066 and the currently undeveloped land allocated for commercial purposes in this area.

Access currently exists to the existing developed employment land to the east. The proposed roundabout involves an area of 0.56 ha. This comprises an area of 0.41 ha where works will take place on the existing highway land and a further. 0.15ha of land outside the highway (currently semi improved grassland and defunct hedgerow. The wider area of land designated for development is subject to a separate ecological assessment Produced by Biome Consulting Ltd, February 2017. The proposed development area will be subject to a separate planning application.

SITE LOCATION:

Figure 1. Site location: Thetford. Grid Ref: TL864841

PROPOSED SITE LAYOUT:

Figure 2. Proposed Scheme Layout

3 LEGISLATION Protected Species: Bats: All species of bat are protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and Schedule 2 of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 (as amended) making all species of bat European Protected Species. The presence or absence of protected species, and the extent to which they could be affected by a proposed development, should be established before planning permission is granted, since otherwise all material considerations might not have been considered in making the decision (Circular 06/2005).

Birds: All bird species are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 as amended. This prevents killing or injuring any bird or damaging or destroying nests and eggs. Certain species (including barn owl Tyto alba) are also listed under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which prevents disturbance of the species or its nest and/or eggs at any time with protection by special penalties. Reptiles: All reptiles are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), making it illegal to intentionally kill or injure a common reptile. Rare reptiles (smooth snake and sand lizard) also receive legal protection under the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010. It is illegal to deliberately injure, kill, capture or disturb a rare reptile, or to damage or obstruct any place used for shelter or protection. Rare reptiles may only be handled by licensed ecologists. Great Crested Newts The great crested newt Triturus cristatus is fully protected in accordance with both national and international legislation. The species is listed under Annexes IV and II of European Directive 92/43/EEC, and Schedule 2 of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010. The species is also protected by Sections 9(4) and 9(5) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 as amended. It is an offence to knowingly or recklessly kill, injure, disturb, handle or sell the animal, and this protection is afforded to all life stages. It is unlawful to deliberately or recklessly damage, destroy, or obstruct the access to any structure or place used for shelter or protection; this includes both the terrestrial and aquatic components of its habitat. Other amphibians: All of the native species of amphibians receive some degree of protection through the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Common Toad (Bufo bufo) is also a Priority species for conservation in the UK, under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP).

Badger: Badgers are protected through the Protection of Badgers Act 1992, which makes it an offence to recklessly take, injure or kill a Badger or cause disturbance to its sett. Furthermore, Badgers are afforded protection from cruel ill-treatment, which has been defined to include preventing a Badger accessing its sett, as well as causing the loss of significant foraging resources within a Badger territory. Badgers are also protected through this species’ inclusion on Schedule 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), which prohibits their killing or taking by certain methods.

Other mammals. (Priority Species for conservation): Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus) & Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) are Priority Species for conservation under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP), and are protected under Schedule 6 of The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Protected/ Priority Habitats:

Breckland Special Protection Area (SPA): Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are strictly protected sites classified in accordance with Article 4 of the EC Birds Directive, which came into force in April 1979. They are classified for rare and vulnerable birds (as listed on Annex I of the Directive), and for regularly occurring migratory species.

Local Authorities have a duty to assess any development schemes with potential to have impacts on European designated sites such as SPA’s, in accordance with Regulation 61 & 62 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017.

Hedgerows:

Hedgerows are a Priority habitat for conservation in the UK under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP). Some hedgerows may also be subject to The Hedgerow Regulations 1997.

The Hedgerow Regulations 1997 were made under section 97 of the Environment Act 1995 and took effect on 1 June 1997. They introduced arrangement for local planning authorities (LPAs) to protect important countryside hedgerows through a system of notification.

(There are certain exemptions under the Regulations. For example, ‘you don’t need to tell the LPA that you’re removing a hedgerow if: • it’s for carrying out work which has planning permission)

Potential for biodiversity enhancements: The Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 (NERC) came into force on 1st October 2006. Under section 40 of the Act all public bodies have a duty to conserve biodiversity:

“Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity.” Section 40(3) of the Act explains that: “Conserving biodiversity includes, in relation to a living organism or type of habitat, restoring or enhancing a population or habitat”.

The duty applies to all local authorities and extends beyond just conserving what is already there to carrying out, supporting and requiring actions that may also restore or enhance biodiversity.

4 SURVEY METHODS 4.1 Desk Survey: A search of the Norfolk Biodiversity Information Service (NBIS) Records was conducted for records of protected species within 1km of the site, sites designated for nature conservation and other ecological records such as recorded bat roosts, veteran trees and Non-native invasive species. A list of wildlife recorded within 1km of the site is included in Appendix 2 of this report.

GIS/ Maps: Norfolk County Council’s GIS Mapping Browser was used to identify, Statutory and Non statutory designations for nature conservation. These include; Special Protection Area (SPA), Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), County Wildlife Site (CWS), Roadside Nature Reserve (RNR). Norfolk Mapping Browser also provides access to Google Earth and/or Bing Maps aerial photographs, along with Ordnance Survey 1:10,000 maps to help identify habitat features on the site and nearby such as woodland, hedgerow, ponds. This PEA also had permission to review an Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey of the adjoining development land produced by Biome Consulting in February 2017 as the two schemes are related. The land between the A11 and A1066 has been allocated within the 2009 Development Plan for employment / commercial purposes and is subject to separate ecological surveys, planning applications and mitigation where necessary.

4.2 Site Survey: The assessment of habitats within the footprint of the proposed roundabout followed the standard Phase 1 Habitat Survey guidance 2010 produced by The Joint Nature Conservation Committee. The footprint of the proposed scheme and immediate surrounding area was inspected to establish the habitats present and whether any evidence of protected species or features suitable for supporting protected or priority species were evident. 5 RESULTS 5.1 Desk Survey: 5.1.1 Sites Designated for Nature Conservation: The only site designated for nature conservation with 1km of the proposed roundabout is Breckland Special Protection Area (SPA). Parts of the SPA are located 562metres to the North, and 672metres to the West.

Both areas are bisected from the development site by the A11 Road and arable fields. Appropriate Assessment of the development has taken place and it is not expected that there will be any adverse effects on the notable features of the SPA (Nightjar, Woodlark, Stone Curlew) as a result of this development.

There are no County Wildlife Sites (CWS) within 1km of the proposed scheme. There are no Roadside Nature Reserves (RNR) within 1km of the proposed scheme.

5.1.2 Protected Species: There were no records of protected species within the proposed development site or adjoining habitat.

5.1.3 Priority Habitats & Species for Conservation: Hedgerow exists within the site boundary that is proposed to be removed. The hedgerow at the point of the scheme has many gaps /defunct. (See Photographs 1,4,5 of Appendix 1) Any hedgerow or trees being lost as a result of the scheme should be replaced in line with the council’s highway trees policy and to ensure no net loss of biodiversity. There were records of brown hare and hedgehog on the proposed development site.

5.2 Site Survey 5.2.1 Habitats: 5.2.2 Semi-improved Grassland The majority of the land within the footprint of the scheme is semi improved grassland. There is a dense sward with very little bare ground suitable for specialist Breckland plant species that struggle to compete with vigorous grasses and scrub. Much of this grassland strip along the inside of the hedgerow will remain when the site is developed as a buffer to the hedgerow. 10

Mitigation will be possible to reduce disturbance to grassland areas along the hedge during construction of the scheme.

5.2.3 Native Hedgerow (Defunct) The hedgerow along the eastern boundary of the site, where the scheme is proposed, is very sparse, species –poor, and of relatively low ecological value. (See photographs 1,4,5 in Appendix 1)

5.2.2 Species 5.2.2.1 Bats: No features suitable for roosting bats eg. mature trees or buildings are present within the development footprint. Therefore no additional surveys for bats are required. 5.2.2.2 Birds: The development area contains hedgerow, scrub and long grass suitable for nesting birds during the bird nesting period which is generally accepted as March – August inclusive. There is an area of dense scrub (yew, bramble, snowberry, cherry laurel), that screens the radio mast in the south east corner of the site. This land is outside of the development footprint and will not require removal.

5.2.2.3 Reptiles: The majority of the proposed development site is considered unsuitable for reptiles due to the heavily grazed grassland and absence of suitable habitat, however the hedgerow base and longer grass margins parallel to the A1066 have greater potential as reptile habitat. The likelihood is low due to relatively poor connectivity to larger areas of suitable habitat and the sparse nature of the hedgerow between the site and the A1066.

5.2.2.4 Amphibians (Including great crested newts): It is considered unlikely that any significant populations of any amphibian species are present within the site and as such no further surveys or works are deemed necessary in relation to this species group.

5.2.2.5 Badgers: The open grassland area is potentially suitable foraging ground for badgers, however no evidence of badger, (tracks, droppings, bare ground patches created by foraging, or setts were observed during the site survey.

6 CONSTRAINTS The walkover of the site took place outside of the optimal period for survey for most protected species and priority species for conservation in the UK including ground flora, however due to the limited range of habitats to support protected or priority species within the development area and the mitigation being proposed, the timing of the survey is still deemed acceptable to safeguard biodiversity.

7 FURTHER SURVEY If the proposed hedgerow removal and site clearance can take place in accordance with the recommended mitigation measures and habitat enhancement in Section 8, there will be no need for any further surveys to take place for this scheme. Occasionally European protected species, such as great crested newts or bats can be found during the course of development even when the site appears unlikely to support them or after an ecological survey has found no previous evidence of them. In the event that this occurs, it is advised that the developer stops work immediately and seeks the advice of a suitability qualified ecological consultant.

8 MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENTS Whilst the likelihood of protected species being present within the footprint of the roundabout remains low, the following precautionary measures will be required to further reduce the risk of disturbance to protected species and also to provide additional habitat or enhancement as a result of the works. The recommendations are in line with guidance provided by the British Standard for Biodiversity BS:42020. A Biodiversity Method Statement should be produced for the clearance work and safeguarding of biodiversity during the construction phase. The statement should also propose permanent habitat enhancements, such as reptile hibernacula as recommended in the sections below, to ensure that the scheme results in a net gain for biodiversity. The content of the method statement will include:

 Purpose and objectives for the proposed works,  Detailed designs and/or working methods necessary to achieve the stated objectives  Extent and location of proposed works shown on appropriate scale maps and plans,  Timetable for implementation, demonstrating that works are aligned to the proposed phasing of construction, and how it fits with wildlife requirements/ legislation.  Initial aftercare and long-term maintenance (where relevant) of any new planting/ habitat creation.  Handling of soils, hedgerow material, scrub that is being moved.  “No development shall take place (including any demolition, ground works or site clearance) until a biodiversity method statement covering reptiles, nesting birds and soil management) has been submitted to and approved in writing by the LPA.

Nesting birds: No removal, in full or in part, of hedgerows, trees or shrubs shall take place between 1st March and 31st August inclusive, unless a competent ecologist has undertaken a careful, detailed check of vegetation for active birds’ nests immediately before the vegetation is 13

cleared and provided written confirmation that no birds will be harmed and/or that there are appropriate measures in place to protect nesting bird interest on site. Reptiles: The likelihood of reptiles being present along the eastern boundary within the footprint of the scheme is low. However, this habitat type does have potential to support reptiles so a precautionary method of vegetation clearance is required. Precautionary method of vegetation clearance. If planning permission for the scheme can be obtained prior to the bird nesting period, the defunct hedgerow within the footprint of the scheme can be coppiced to a height of approximately 24 inches to remove potential vegetation attractive to nesting birds. Keeping reptiles in mind. The hedgerow plants would need to be coppiced by hand without causing disturbance to the ground vegetation or roots at this stage. If any reptiles are present at this time, they will be deep within the bottom of the hedgerow and would not be disturbed by the work. A permanent reptile hibernacula can be built using material cut from the defunct hedgerow on the identified land (shown on plan below), in advance of the main site clearance and without causing disturbance to grass areas or ground vegetation.

Fig 3. Potential location for permanent reptile hibernacula.

In late spring /summer 2018 this new habitat will provide a further refuge for any reptiles on land adjoining the development footprint. ‘Directional mowing’ ie. Reducing the height of ground vegetation in stages that encourages reptiles to move into the adjoining longer grass can be adopted once reptiles are more active in late spring summer. This land will not be developed long term.

Fig.4 Concept design for a reptile hibernacula

Alternatively, as the defunct hedgerow has very low suitability for nesting birds, it would be possible to remove the hedgerow and vegetation during the bird nesting period following a search by an ecologist that can evidence that no birds are currently nesting.

This would enable the whole scheme to take place during Summer 2018 when reptiles are more active, and precautionary methods of clearance such as ‘directional mowing’ and removing the hedgerow and grasses in phases to allow any reptiles to move into the connected habitat can be followed with advice from the ecologist.

9 CONCLUSION This scheme is required as part of the outlined development of the wider site under the 2009 Development Plan for employment / commercial purposes. Within the footprint of the proposed roundabout, the habitats are of limited ecological value due to grazing, poor hedgerow management, fly-tipping and damage from vehicles. With the recommended precautionary measures and enhancements in place (as outlined in Section 8 of this report), the scheme is not likely to have any significant effects on ecology. Phases of the scheme can be programmed to avoid important times in the lifecycle of protected species such as nesting birds and any potential reptiles or amphibians hibernating within dense leaf litter or hedgerow roots. Taking into account the nature of the habitats within the site, it is considered unlikely that significant populations of invertebrates are present, or that Breckland plant species with specialist habitat requirements, (often found as part of a wider associated assemblage of plants) will be present. Soil handling should seek to follow an agreed plan so as not to bury undisturbed grass margins during the clearance and construction phase. This would further reduce the potential for disturbance to invertebrates and ground flora. With these measures in place there should be no significant loss of biodiversity or long term significant effects on the ecology of the area as a result of the proposed roundabout scheme.

Appendix 1. Photographs: (Taken 01/12/17 )

1 2

3 4

5 6

Appendix 2. Norfolk Biodiversity Information Service (NBIS) Data Search Dec 2017

Norfolk Biodiversity Information Service, Floor 6, County Hall, Martineau Lane, Norwich, NR1 2SG

01603 224458 enquiries. [email protected]

This report was produced using data held by NBIS at the time of enquiry, and includes records of designated species since 1st January 2000. If you require further data please contact NBIS. Data reported has been validated and checked by the Norfolk County Recorder network and by NBIS, however the service cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of the data in this report.

The non-native species information provided is based on the Norfolk Non-Native Species Initiative long list (http://www.norfolkbiodiversity.org/nonnativespecies/).

Geodiversity site information is also provided. These are non-designated sites of geodiversity interest within the county of Norfolk, determined by the Norfolk Geodiversity Partnership.

Regionally Important Geological Sites (RIGS) are now known as County Geodiversity Sites (CGS).

Please note that your results may contain some negative records. These indicate that a survey was conducted for the species and that on the date of the survey the species was not found at that location. This does not necessarily mean that the species is still absent from that location.

Due to the often ad hoc nature of biological recording the data held within this report does not represent a definitive species list for the site in question and further ecological site assessment is recommended. For further information on the data held by NBIS, please see the Metadata statement on our website (http://www.nbis.org.uk/enquiry_service.html)

Users of the Records are bound by the following Terms and Conditions: The user undertakes:- 1. To use and make copies of any documents within the Records only for the purpose(s) stated on your signed and submitted enquiry form. 2. To obtain written permission for any other use. 3. To give access to any copies of documents in the Records, in whole or in part, only to third parties who have obtained NBIS permission to use them. 4. To acknowledge in any publication, whether printed, electronic, internet-based or broadcast, based wholly or in part on the Records, Norfolk Biodiversity Information Service and the original depositor(s), illustrator(s) or photographer(s). 5. If possible, to supply free of charge to NBIS one copy of any work based wholly or partly on these records. We understand18 that certain reports are confidential, but are in urgent need of recent data, and would appreciate details of any biological records obtained during environmental surveys. 6. To pay the access fee as detailed on the NBIS website, when invoiced. 7. To notify NBIS of any errors discovered in the records.

Common Name Latin Name Taxon Group Number of Records Designation Purple Fescue Vulpia ciliata subsp. ambigua flowering plant 1 NRPl, NS-excludes Aphanus rolandri Aphanus rolandri insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 4 Na Platyderus depressus Platyderus depressus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Zabrus tenebrioides Zabrus tenebrioides insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 2 Na Amara (Bradytus) consularis Amara (Bradytus) consularis insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 6 Nb Amara (Percosia) equestris Amara (Percosia) equestris insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Breck_Special, Nb Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) griseus Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) griseus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 2 Breck_Special Brush-thighed Seed-eater Harpalus (Harpalus) froelichii insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 8 Breck_Special, FEP7/2, RDBGB.VU, Sect.41, UKBAP Harpalus (Harpalus) serripes Harpalus (Harpalus) serripes insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Set-aside Downy-back Ophonus (Metophonus) laticollis insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 29 Breck_Special, Na, Sect.41, UKBAP Ophonus (Metophonus) schaubergerianus Ophonus (Metophonus) schaubergerianus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 16 Nb Stenolophus teutonus Stenolophus teutonus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 2 Nb Licinus depressus Licinus depressus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 4 Breck_Special, Nb Microplontus campestris Microplontus campestris insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Blue Rove-Beetle Ocypus (Ocypus) ophthalmicus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Na Adonis' Ladybird Hippodamia (Adonia) variegata insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 5 Nb Phytoecia cylindrica Phytoecia cylindrica insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Longitarsus dorsalis Longitarsus dorsalis insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Cassida nebulosa Cassida nebulosa insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 6 Breck_Special, RDBGB.ID Anthribus nebulosus Anthribus nebulosus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 1 Nb Ghost Moth Hepialus humuli insect - moth 2 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria insect - moth 2 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Latticed Heath Chiasmia clathrata insect - moth 4 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Grey Carpet Lithostege griseata insect - moth 5 Breck_Special, RDBGB.R, Sect.41, UKBAP Spinach Eulithis mellinata insect - moth 1 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet Xanthorhoe ferrugata insect - moth 1 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Shaded Broad-bar Scotopteryx chenopodiata insect - moth 9 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Blood-Vein Timandra comae insect - moth 4 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Grey Dagger Acronicta psi insect - moth 3 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis insect - moth 4 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Dot Moth Melanchra persicariae insect - moth 10 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Broom Moth Ceramica pisi insect - moth 1 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Shoulder-striped Wainscot Leucania comma insect - moth 3 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Powdered Quaker Orthosia gracilis insect - moth 2 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP White-line Dart Euxoa tritici insect - moth 1 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Garden Dart Euxoa nigricans insect - moth 2 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Lunar Yellow Underwing Noctua orbona insect - moth 4 Breck_Special, FEP7/2, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Autumnal Rustic Eugnorisma glareosa insect - moth 3 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi insect - moth 8 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Green-brindled Crescent Allophyes oxyacanthae insect - moth 7 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Rosy Minor Litoligia literosa insect - moth 10 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Large Nutmeg Apamea anceps insect - moth 2 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Rosy Rustic Hydraecia micacea insect - moth 3 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Rustic Hoplodrina blanda insect - moth 16 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Mottled Rustic Caradrina morpheus insect - moth 17 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Sallow Cirrhia icteritia insect - moth 5 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Minor Shoulder-knot Brachylomia viminalis insect - moth 1 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Beaded Chestnut Agrochola lychnidis insect - moth 4 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Brown-spot Pinion Agrochola litura insect - moth 3 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Centre-barred Sallow Atethmia centrago insect - moth 6 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda insect - moth 7 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Buff Ermine Spilosoma lutea insect - moth 6 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae insect - moth 6 Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Little Grass-veneer Platytes cerussella insect - moth 5 Breck_Special Sulphur Pearl Sitochroa palealis insect - moth 1 N Canada Goose Branta canadensis bird 1 BD2.1, CMS_A2 Goosander Mergus merganser bird 5 BD2.2, CMS_A2, CMS_AEWA-A2, WO1i Mergus merganser subsp. merganser Mergus merganser subsp. merganser bird 1 BD2.2, CMS_A2, CMS_AEWA-A2, WO1i Little Egret Egretta garzetta bird 3 BAmb, BD1, Bern2, CITESA, CMS_AEWA-A2 Milvus milvus subsp. milvus Milvus milvus subsp. milvus bird 2 BAmb, BD1, CITESA, CMS_A2, FEP7/2, RLGLB.NT, ScotBL, WCA1i Goshawk Accipiter gentilis bird 1 CITESA, CMS_A2, WCA1i, WO1i Moorhen Gallinula chloropus bird 1 BD2.2, CMS_A2, CMS_AEWA-A2 Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus bird 1 BAmb, BD2.2, CMS_AEWA-A2 Woodcock Scolopax rusticola bird 1 BAmb, BD2.1, CMS_A2, CMS_AEWA-A2, ScotBL Barn Owl Tyto alba bird 1 BAmb, Bern2, CITESA, FEP7/2, ScotBL, WCA1i, WO1i Kingfisher Alcedo atthis bird 2 BAmb, BD1, Bern2, FEP7/2, ScotBL, WCA1i, WO1i Hoopoe Upupa epops bird 1 Bern2, WCA1i Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor bird 3 Bern2, BRed, FEP7/2 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus bird 1 BAmb Woodlark Lullula arborea bird 2 BAmb, BD1, Breck_Special, FEP7/2, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA1i Skylark Alauda arvensis bird 1 BD2.2, BRed, FEP7/2, ScotBL, Sect.41 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea bird 3 BAmb, Bern2 Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus bird 13 Bern2 Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe bird 1 BAmb, Bern2 Fieldfare Turdus pilaris bird 1 BD2.2, BRed, WCA1i, WO1i Song Thrush Turdus philomelos bird 1 BD2.2, BRed, FEP7/2, ScotBL Redwing Turdus iliacus bird 1 BD2.2, BRed, ScotBL, WCA1i Firecrest Regulus ignicapilla bird 1 BAmb, Bern2, WCA1i, WO1i Willow Tit Poecile montana bird 3 Bern2, BRed, FEP7/2, ScotBL Marsh Tit Poecile palustris bird 3 Bern2, BRed Lesser Redpoll Acanthis cabaret bird 1 BRed, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Siskin Spinus spinus bird 2 Bern2, ScotBL Grass Snake Natrix natrix reptile 2 Bern3, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA5/9.1k/I, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b European Otter Lutra lutra terrestrial mammal 2 Bern2, CITESA, FEP7/2, HabRegs2, HSD2p, HSD4, RLGLB.NT, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Eurasian Badger Meles meles terrestrial mammal 1 Bern3, PBA, ScotBL, WO5 Polecat Mustela putorius terrestrial mammal 1 Bern3, HabRegs4, HSD5, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus terrestrial mammal 7 Bern3, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP Lesser Noctule Nyctalus leisleri terrestrial mammal 1 Bern2, CMS_A2, CMS_EUROBATS-A1, FEP7/2, HabRegs2, HSD4, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula terrestrial mammal 1 Bern2, CMS_A2, CMS_EUROBATS-A1, FEP7/2, HabRegs2, HSD4, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Pipistrelle Bat species Pipistrellus terrestrial mammal 1 CMS_A2, HabRegs2, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus sensu lato terrestrial mammal 2 Bern2, Bern3, CMS_A2, CMS_EUROBATS-A1, FEP7/2, HabRegs2, HSD4, ScotBL, Sect.42, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus terrestrial mammal 1 Bern2, CMS_A2, CMS_EUROBATS-A1, FEP7/2, HabRegs2, HSD4, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b European Water Vole Arvicola amphibius terrestrial mammal 1 FEP7/2, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP, WCA5/9.1k/I, WCA5/9.1t, WCA5/9.2, WCA5/9.4.a, WCA5/9.4b, WCA5/9.4c, WCA5/9.5a, WCA5/9.5b Brown Hare Lepus europaeus terrestrial mammal 8 FEP7/2, ScotBL, Sect.41, Sect.42, UKBAP 19