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The Flora of the Alps

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DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum THE FLORA OF THE ALPS VOLUME THE SECOND DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum LXXIX.—SOLDANELLA ALPINA. DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum The Flora of the Alps BEING A DESCRIPTION OF ALL THE SPECIES OF FLOWERING PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO SWITZERLAND ; AND OF THE ALPINE SPECIES OF THE ADJACENT MOUNTAIN DISTRICTS OF FRANCE, ITALY, 6- AUSTRIA INCLUDING THE PYRENEES BY ALFRED W. BENNETT M.A., B.Sc., F.L.S. LECTURER ON BOTANY AT ST. THOMAS* HOSPITAL W/TH ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY COLOURED PLATES IN TWO VOLUMES ^-^^RARV VOLUME THE SECOND t^OM .,. ,^ ^^KiJi, jN' NEW YORK T R U S L O V E m C O M B A LONDON: JOHN C. NIMMO MDCCCXCVIII QK515 DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum ,34 Printed by BaLLANTVNE. HANSON & CO. At the Ballantyne Press DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum js^OSV YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN LIST OF COLOURED PLATES VOLUME THE SECOND PLATE 59. Homogyne alpina To face page 2 60. Aster alpinus , , 6 61. Gnaphalium Leontopodium ,, 10 62. Achillea nana ,,14 Arnica montana , 20 63. , 64. Centaurea phrygia ^, 30 65. Dabeocia polifolia ,,42 66. Phyllodoce coerulea ,,44 67. Rhododendron Chamaecistus .... , , 44 68. „ ferrugineum ,,46 69. Pyrola uniflora ,,46 70. Androsace villosa ,,48 71. Primula farinosa ., 50 72. „ longiflora j> 50 73. „ marginata ,, 52 74. „ calycina jj 52 75. „ minima >> 54 76. „ pedemontana >5 54 77. „ viscosa 5 J 56 78. Cortusa Matthioli ,,56 79. Soldanella alpina {page 56) Frontispiece 80. „ minima To face page 58 81. Cyclamen repandum ,,58 82. Trientalis europaea ,,60 83. Gentiana lutea ,,62 84. ,, acaulis ,,64 85. ,, bavarica ,,64 86. „ verna ,,66 DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum VI LIST OF COLOURED PLATES PLATE 87. Lithospermum prostratum Toface page 68 88. Myosotis alpestris 70 89. Ramondia pyrenaica 90. Linaria alpina 91. „ origanifolia 92. Erinus alpinus 93. Veronica spicata . 94. „ prostrata 95. „ nummularia 96. Pedicularis elongata 97. „ comosa 98. Pinguicula alpina 99. Globularia nana . 100. Horminum pyrenaicum loi. Micromeria Piperella 102. Scutellaria alpina 103. Teucrium pyrenaicum 104. Oxyria digyna 105. Daphne cneorum 106. Salix reticulata . 107. Orchis globosa . 108. Gymnadenia odoratissima 109. Cypripedium Calceolus no. Crocus nudiflorus 111. Narcissus juncifolius 112. Leucojum vernum 113. Lloydia serotina . 114. Paradisia Liliastrum 115. Scilla bifolia 116. Fritillaria Meleagris 117. Bulbocodium vernum 118. Eriophorum alpinum 119. Sesleria sphoerocephala 120. Juniperus nana . DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum THE FLORA OF THE ALPS Order XLVIL—COMPOSITE. Inflorescence a capitule surrounded by an involucre of bracts; flowers small, all tubular, or the outer ones (florets of the ray) ligulate, the inner ones (florets of the disk) tubular ; all bisexual, or some female, some male or neuter, and some bisexual; calyx-Hmb o or a feathery pappus; stamens 5, anthers always connate (syngene- sious); ovary inferior, i -celled, i-ovuled, stigmas 2; fruit a I -seeded achene, often surmounted by the feathery pappus. A vast order, the largest among flowering plants, comprising about one-tenth of the flowering flora of the globe, belonging to all climates and all altitudes. Many of the genera are distinguished only by minute characters, and in some of the genera the species are very difficult, running into one another by insensible gradations. Sub-Order TUBULIFLOR^.—Flowers all tubular, or disk -flowers tubular, ray -flowers ligulate; no milky juice. Tribe EUPATORIE^. — Flowers all tubular, bisexual; calyx pappoid ; anther-cells not tailed ; branches of style VOL. IT. A d DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum 2 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS slender, half-terete, papillose; leaves often opposite. Genera 1-2. I. EUPATORIUM, L. Capitules few-flowered, in terminal corymbs ; branches of style long, exserted ; leaves opposite. Not alpine. E. cannabinum, L., Hemp-Agrimony; flowers pale purple, heads very large and many-flowered, leaves of 3-5 leaflets ; wet places, common. 2. Adenostyles, Cass. Capitules few-flowered, numerous, in large compound corymbs ; flowers pink ; involucre usually of a single row of bracts ; leaves alternate. Alpine or sub-alpine. A. albtfronSy Rchb. (albida, Cass., Alliaria, Kern.); capitules 3-6-flowered, stem 1-2 ft., stout, lower leaves reniform-cordate, stalked, upper auricled, all irregularly toothed and tomentose beneath; mountain woods, fre- quent. A. alpina, Bl. {viridis, Cass.) ; corymb less dense, leaves regularly toothed, glabrous or only slightly hairy beneath, upper ones not auricled ; moist mountain woods, frequent. A. leucopkylla, Rchb. (candidissima, Cass., hybrida, DC); capitules iC)-20-flowered, compact, leaves tomentose on both sides ; high ; Alps, Southern Switzer- land, Piedmont, Dauphiny; less common. Tribe TUSSILAGINE^E.—Capitules many-flowered, soli- tary or corymbose ; flowers partially unisexual ; branches of style connate in the disk-flowers; leaves alternate. Genera 3-5. DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum i.lX. V<r):MOGYNE AJ.PINA DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum COMPOSITE 3 3. HoMOGYNE, Cass. Capitule usually solitary, on a nearly leafless scape, appearing before the leaves ; involucre usually of one row of bracts ; leaves mostly radical, stalked, round. Alpine. H. alpina, Cass. (PI. 59) ; flowers yellowish-red, capi- tule solitary, stem 6-12 in., woolly, leaves cordate-reniform, crenate, green on both sides; alpine pastures, frequent. H. discolor^ Cass. ; flowers yellow, capitule solitary, stem 3-9 in., woolly, bracts of involucre purple, leaves cordate- lighter ; reniform, and tomentose beneath ; pastures Tirol, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola. H. sylvestris^ Cass. ; flowers yellow, stem 6-12 in., hairy, with 1-3 capitules, leaves green on both sides, cordate-reniform, coarsely dentate, ; upper with sheathing leaf-stalk ; pastures Styria, Car- inthia, Carniola. 4. TUSSILAGO, L. Capitule solitary, on a leafless scape; ray-flowers female, disk-flowers male, all yellow; leaves appearing after the flowers. Not alpine. T. Farfara, L., Colt's- Foot ; very common. 5. Petasites, Tourn. Capitules numerous, forming a terminal panicle on a leafless scape ; flowers purple, red, or white ; ray-flowers mostly female, with filiform corolla; leaves very large, appearing after the flowers. P. officinalis, Moench. {vulgaris, Desf.) Butter-bur; flowers pink, leaves up to 3 ft. in diam., tomentose or cobwebby beneath ; wet places in the lowlands, common. DownloadDownload from from The The Biodiversity Biodiversity Heritage Heritage Library Library http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at www.biologiezentrum 4 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS P. albuSj Gsertn. ; flowers yellowish-white, often mostly female, leaves roundish-cordate, thinly tomentose be- neath; by mountain streams; Switzerland, Jura, Vosges, Dauphiny. P. niveus^ Baumg. ; flowers white or reddish, often chiefly female, leaves cordate-triangular, tomentose and snow-white beneath ; by mountain streams, frequent. Tribe ASTEROIDE^E.—Ray-flowers female or neuter, ligulate, rarely all tubular, branches of style linear, blunt, glabrous; disk-flowers bisexual, anther-cells not tailed, branches of style
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  • December 2010 ---International Rock Gardener

    December 2010 ---International Rock Gardener

    International Rock Gardener Number 12 + Index The Scottish Rock Garden Club December 2010 ---International Rock Gardener--- December 2010 With this issue IRG completes its first year in existence – we hope you have enjoyed our efforts. The IRG Team thanks you for your words of advice and encouragement and invites you to submit ideas, articles and photographs for future editions. We in the IRG Team are greatly indebted to a former SRGC President, T. Glassford Sprunt for his preparation of an Index for the 12 issues of IRG for 2010, which is appended to this edition. A reminder that you may make any feedback in the Forum of the SRGC. The Forum is, like the main website of the SRGC, available to all to read. To make a post, of text or photos, a simple process of registration is all that is required. The Forum is also a huge resource of information and photographs of thousands of plants and places. It has a search facility to help you find what you are looking for. Currently there are over 170 thousand posts in around 5300 topics! In this season where many gardeners in the northern hemisphere are experiencing cold and snowy weather it seems appropriate to have this photo of Paeonia ‘Joseph Rock’ and the Karlik Church, taken by ZZ, as the IRG cover picture. Wherever you are in the world, may you find peace and happiness now and in the year to come. ---Gardens in the Mountains--- Lallemantia canescens by Prague PEPiPEDIA Lallemantia canescens (syn. Dracocephalum canescens) grows in Turkey, Armenia and Iran at altitudes of 1500- 3300 m.
  • CHENOPODIACEAE 藜科 Li Ke Zhu Gelin (朱格麟 Chu Ge-Ling)1; Sergei L

    CHENOPODIACEAE 藜科 Li Ke Zhu Gelin (朱格麟 Chu Ge-Ling)1; Sergei L

    Flora of China 5: 351-414. 2003. CHENOPODIACEAE 藜科 li ke Zhu Gelin (朱格麟 Chu Ge-ling)1; Sergei L. Mosyakin2, Steven E. Clemants3 Herbs annual, subshrubs, or shrubs, rarely perennial herbs or small trees. Stems and branches sometimes jointed (articulate); indumentum of vesicular hairs (furfuraceous or farinose), ramified (dendroid), stellate, rarely of glandular hairs, or plants glabrous. Leaves alternate or opposite, exstipulate, petiolate or sessile; leaf blade flattened, terete, semiterete, or in some species reduced to scales. Flowers monochlamydeous, bisexual or unisexual (plants monoecious or dioecious, rarely polygamous); bracteate or ebracteate. Bractlets (if present) 1 or 2, lanceolate, navicular, or scale-like. Perianth membranous, herbaceous, or succulent, (1–)3–5- parted; segments imbricate, rarely in 2 series, often enlarged and hardened in fruit, or with winged, acicular, or tuberculate appendages abaxially, seldom unmodified (in tribe Atripliceae female flowers without or with poorly developed perianth borne between 2 specialized bracts or at base of a bract). Stamens shorter than or equaling perianth segments and arranged opposite them; filaments subulate or linear, united at base and usually forming a hypogynous disk, sometimes with interstaminal lobes; anthers dorsifixed, incumbent in bud, 2-locular, extrorse, or dehiscent by lateral, longitudinal slits, obtuse or appendaged at apex. Ovary superior, ovoid or globose, of 2–5 carpels, unilocular; ovule 1, campylotropous; style terminal, usually short, with 2(–5) filiform or subulate stigmas, rarely capitate, papillose, or hairy on one side or throughout. Fruit a utricle, rarely a pyxidium (dehiscent capsule); pericarp membranous, leathery, or fleshy, adnate or appressed to seed. Seed horizontal, vertical, or oblique, compressed globose, lenticular, reniform, or obliquely ovoid; testa crustaceous, leathery, membranous, or succulent; embryo annular, semi-annular, or spiral, with narrow cotyledons; endosperm much reduced or absent; perisperm abundant or absent.