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A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY of DELARIVIER MANLEY Eighteenth-Century Political Biographies

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A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY of DELARIVIER MANLEY Eighteenth-Century Political Biographies A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF DELARIVIER MANLEY Eighteenth-Century Political Biographies Series Editor: J. A. Downie T S Daniel Defoe P. N. Furbank & W. R. Owens Jonathan Swi David Oakleaf F T Alexander Pope Pat Rogers Henry Fielding J. A. Downie Richard Steele Charles Knight John Toland Michael Brown A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF DELARIVIER MANLEY Rachel Carnell First published 2008 by Pickering & Chatto (Publishers) Limited Published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © Taylor & Francis 2008 © Rachel Carnell 2008 All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered tradem arks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. B L C P D Carnell, Rachel A political biography of Delarivier Manley. – (Eighteenth-century political biographies) 1. Manley, Mrs (Mary de la Riviere), 1663–1724 2. Satirists, English – 18th cen- tury – Biography 3. Women authors, English – 18th century – Biography 4. Authors, English – 18th century – Biography 5. Great Britain – Politics and government – 1702–1714 6. Great Britain – Politics and government – 1714– 1727 I. Title 828.5’09 ISBN-13: 978-1-85196-857-2 (hbk) Typeset by Pickering & Chatto (Publishers) Limited CONTENTS Acknowledgements ix A Note on Dates xi Manley Family Tree xii Introduction 1 1 ‘A Long Untainted Descent’: Her Father’s Daughter? 7 2 Roger Manley: ‘A Scholar in the Midst of a Camp’ 23 3 A ‘Liberal Education’: Youth and Early Life in London 51 4 A ‘Female Wit’: 1694–6 83 5 ‘Some More [and Less] Pro table Employ’: 1697–1705 113 6 Not Yet a Propaganda Writer: 1705–8 137 7 ‘[T]hrowing the First Stone’: 1709 159 8 Writing under a Tory Ministry: 1710–14 191 9 A Celebrated ‘Muse’: 1714–24 219 Notes 239 Works Cited 285 Index 297 This page intentionally left blank THE AUTHOR Rachel Carnell is Professor of English at Cleveland State University. She is the author of Partisan Politics, Narrative Realism, and the Rise of the British Novel (2006) and co-editor (with Ruth Herman) of the ve-volume Selected Works of Delarivier Manley (2005). Her articles have appeared in Eighteenth-Century Studies, Eighteenth-Century Fiction, Nineteenth-Century Literature and Studies in the Novel. – vii – For Alison and Greg ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I must rst thank Ruth Herman and Chris Mounsey for bringing me into the world of Manley studies. I am also in nitely indebted to the National Endow- ment for the Humanities for the year-long fellowship that has allowed me to write this book. (Any views, ndings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily re ect those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.) Bob Owens and Catherine Ingrassia are due particular thanks for their kindness in writing the letters of recommendation that helped me secure that fellowship (and Bob o ered timely advice about a political pamphlet once ascribed to Defoe). Alan Downie read every chapter of the manuscript and o ered crucial cor- rections and suggestions. Roger Manning kindly read my second chapter and provided incisive counsel about seventeenth-century Anglo-Dutch military his- tory. Gary Dyer o ered invaluable advice about the legal history of seditious libel and careful comments on my seventh chapter. Joyce Mastboom kindly translated one of Roger Manley’s letters written in Dutch. Ros Ballaster help- fully answered a last-minute query. Lee Zickel and Alan Cli e o ered superb editorial suggestions and improvements to every chapter. Cleveland State Uni- versity o ered support and assistance throughout the project. Any remaining errors are my own. One of the pleasures of writing this biography was that it required me to seek assistance from a broad range of persons outside of my usual sphere of liter- ary history. e Duke of Beaufort generously allowed me access to the archives at Badminton House and permission to cite from material I discovered there. Clive Cheesman, Rouge Dragon Pursuivant at the College of Arms, provided delightful conversation and invaluable information about Roger Manley and the Manley family tree. Anna Baghiani of the Société Jersiase kindly o ered all the resources she could nd about Roger Manley’s experiences on Jersey. Joy o- mas, of the Wrexham Local Studies Archives, was likewise extremely helpful. Margaret Edwards, of the Priaulx library, on Guernsey, generously made a search of birth records for me and explained a key detail about ecclesiastical record- keeping in the Channel Islands. – ix – x A Political Biography of Delarivier Manley Paul Pattison, senior properties historian at English Heritage, generously responded to my email query about the architectural history of Landguard Fort with pdf scans of his sketches of the probable buildings on the site in the 1680s. Elaine Milsom, at the Badminton archive, kindly assisted with my research there. I am also indebted to the assistance I received from local records o ces in Hertford, Exeter, Truro, Portsmouth, Ipswich, Chester, Wrexham and Jersey. e sta at the London Metropolitan Archive, the National Archives (UK), the British Library, Case Western Reserve’s Kelvin Smith Library, the George Pea- body Library at the Johns Hopkins University, the Cleveland Public Library’s History Department and Cleveland State University library were unfailingly helpful. I could not have completed this study of Manley’s life and family without crucial assistance from my own extended family. Gwen, John and Elysia Harrison o ered hospitality in East Molesey during three separate research trips to Lon- don. Joyce and Chris Mounsey provided a warm welcome and delicious meals during every trip that took me into Hampshire. My mother-in-law, Margaret Lupton, looked a er our daughter for a week in Warrington when I was doing research in London and Jersey. On another occasion, my mother took care of our daughter in Cleveland when I was away in London. Henry and Rachel Lup- ton provided hospitality during my research stint in the West Country – and valuable assistance in tracking down theatre history in Devon and Cornwall. My parents, Sue and John Carnell, have been enthusiastic supporters of this project from its inception. My husband, Greg Lupton, has provided every pos- sible assistance both at home and on research trips abroad. Our daughter, Alison Carnell Lupton, cheerfully helped search out the name ‘Manley’ in graveyards all over Britain, and has been unfailingly patient while ‘mommy nishes her book’, although she is extremely relieved that it is now done. A NOTE ON DATES In general, the dates in this book are Old Style, except that the year is taken to start on 1 January, rather than on 25 March. e only exceptions to this rule are the dates on the letters that Roger Manley wrote when in exile on the Continent. Following the conventions of previous editors of his letters, I have kept the New Style Continental dating on those. Dates given for the publication of Manley’s works re ect information from newspaper advertisements about the actual publication date, rather than the date on the printed title page. us, Th e Remaining Part of the Unknown Lady’s Pacquet of Letters, which appeared in September 1707 (as advertised in Th e Post Man and the Historical Account for ursday, 11 September 1707), is given as 1707, rather than 1708. Th e Power of Love, which was published in late Decem- ber 1719 (as advertised in Th e Daily Courant for 21 December 1719), re ects that date, rather than 1720. e fourth edition of Th e Adventures of Rivella appeared not in 1725, but in October 1724 (as advertised in Th e Daily Post for Wednesday, 14 October 1724), under the title Mrs. Manley’s History of Her Own Life and Times. e posthumous ‘seventh’ edition of Th e New Atalantis appeared in August 1740 (as advertised in Th e London Evening Post for Saturday, 2 August 1740), although its title page lists the date of 1741. Since this information is newly discovered (with the aid of a recently available electronic resource), these dates are di erent than the dates listed for these works in Th e Selected Works of Delarivier Manley (2005). – xi – Manley Family Tree Cornelius Manley – Mary Lloyd (d. c. 1623) Elizabeth Catharine Sir Francis – Dorothea Eyton Sir Roger – Marie-Catherine Major John – (1) Margaret Dorislaus (d. 1684) (d. 1686) (c. 1621–87) (c. 1643–75) (c. 1622–99) (d. 1675) – (2) Mary(d. 1701) Rebecca Cornelius – Elizabeth Davis Isabella Susanna John (b. 1672) (b. 1675) (b. 1677) Mary Elizabeth Francis Delarivier [–] Cornelia Edward [–] John – Ann Grosse Isaac – Mary Newland (d. 1740) (d. 1693) (c. 1670–1724) (d. after 1741) (d. 1688) (1654–1713) (b. c. 1656) (d. 1730) – Francis Braithwaite – [John?] Markendale John [3 boys by John Tilly?] Jane Francis John (b. 1691) (1680–1722) (1694–94) INTRODUCTION Delarivier Manley (c. 1670–1724) was a satirist for the Tories during the reign of Queen Anne (1665–1714) and an important member of Robert Harley’s propaganda team from 1711 to 1714 when Harley (1661–1724) was Chancel- lor of the Exchequer and Lord Treasurer, in essence, ‘prime minister’ of Great Britain. In 1711 Manley replaced Jonathan Swi as editor of the Tory periodi- cal the Examiner. Moreover, her best-selling political scandal chronicle, Secret Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality, of Both Sexes.
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