Reimagining the User Experience in Archives

Home , Interaction design

1 FuturePasts FuturePasts 2 74 70 44 32 16 10 4 Conclusion User Feedback Synthesis Insights Immersion Approach Introduction

Summary /FinalTips Quotes fromStudents/AdvisorsUsers The ProcessingTable /AnnotationsCurated Collections/Timeline Insights /Personae /InformationArchitecture /Prototyping Understanding theWorld ofArchives/Activities Strategy Diagram About thisBook/TheCollaborationofDesignersandLibrarians

3 FuturePasts FuturePasts 4 of working together onanyproject. designers and archiviststhroughthe process set oftools andcasestudies aimsto guide support otherteams in theirownwork.This methodology, mindset andactivitiesthatwill to otherinstitutionsbut wefeelitisthe may themselvesbeinspiringanduseful interfaces fordiscovery. Theseprojects managing backlogandcraftingnew search strategies, digital/physicalmaterials, include approachesto crowdsourcing, we callFuturePasts. Theresultingprojects user experienceofthearchives-aninitiative These questionsledusto reimaginethe archives? ArtCenter’s work and in heritage information, technologies to mine theinteractive How can emerging we use archive of the future? design and art the work togetherto craft librarians and designers How artists, do Introduction Future Pasts classfieldtrip Los AngelesPublicLibrary SpecialCollections

5 FuturePasts FuturePasts 6 when they encounter orsystem. they anyproduct, environment when peoplethink,feelandbehave studyinghow by experience user Interaction atArtCenterDepartment. focusesonthe Design it wasanatural fit to collaborate withthe InteractionDesign wasattheforefront ofourplanning, experience Since user harnessed to access. improve technologiescan worktogether emerging andhow canbe andarchivists designers missions, weaddress specificallyhow Building onexistingcreative approaches to expandinglibraries’ process tostructured empirical create andprograms. services human-centered ina designwithanarchivist’s expertise tools new perspectives, andcollaborations canbringtogether and variedbutsotoo are theopportunities. Innovative facinglibrarians andarchivists areThe challenges complex dwindling budgetsandresources. andworkcreatively within audiences, meetnew serve, they technologies, theneedsanddesires ofthepeople understand to how alsofaceasetofshared new challenges; they leverage delight, educate andsatisfy awiderange ofaudiences. Yet aim to create thatvariously accessible,informativeexperiences both share somecommongoals;they Librarians anddesigners applied adesignapproach to methodsofaccess. new develop faculty, thestudents, design studiowhere andarchivists thatcentered around a14-week Interaction Department Design theArtCentera collaboration between Library andthe Theprojectfor Library was Collaboration withDesigners.” inArchives andSpecialCollections:BestPractices Experience (IMLS)and Library Services titled“Reimagining theUser theInstitute project partiallyfundedby Design ofMuseum Future Pasts istheculminationofanArtCenter Collegeof be useful. wecollaborateddisciplines, thedescriptionsofhow can often Since designers from different workwithclients classroom, butreflect real worlddesigner/client relationships. ofdesign.Theusecasespresentedand students took placeina We alsohope to valuable insightsandtipsto provide designers expand ontheseideasto accesstools. theirown develop examples.and thecasestudiesshow to Readersare encouraged aframework offers Theapproach wepresent experience. user apply designmethodologyto the projects aimedatimproving The bookisprimarilyforlibrarians andarchivists, whowantto ArtCenter Archives ArtCenter Collegeof Design Transportation Designphotograph collection ArtCenter Collegeof Design

7 FuturePasts FuturePasts 8 Activities Design Process January 2018 Approach Pg 16 archive user Be an Hunt Scavenger Project Kickoff Project Getting Started Immersion

Pg 20 contexts the range of Understand Trips Field

Inspiration

their ownpracticesinindustry. structure studioswithmanysimilaritiesto As workingprofessionals,ArtCenter faculty Pg 28 kinds ofusers the different Understand Personae

Insight

Ideation Pg24 needs user most prominent Identify the Insights Key march 2018 Midterm

deeply immerse themselves into themselves immerse deeply theworldofarchives. faculty team structured arange ofactivitiesto helpstudents FutureOur Pasts Process. The aClassicDesign classfollowed Pg 60 the field from peoplein Get feedback Input Expert Iteration

Synthesis

Pg 33 toelements build Identify thekey interactive Prototyping Strategic Demonstration

april 2018 with real users. intosynthesized them thatwere specificdesignconcepts tested on assumptions. importantinsightsand derived Students of real-world needsandbehaviors avoids creating ideasbased ideas,andstartingfrom observation new triggers Observation Final Presentation

User Feedback Pg 52 intended user your With Test Play Future Applications

9 FuturePasts 10 FuturePasts creator, programmer, advisor, etc. the team suchasproject director, members, content guide theproject. responsibilities and roles for Define to invite external advisorsandcollaborators to help andfaculty.departments, It isalsohighlydesirable the project, suchaslibrary patrons, stafffrom other whohaveothers aninterest from andwouldbenefit The project team shouldconsistofcore staffplus the team Assemble Tips!

experiences. specificskillsetsand andvery approached itwithfresh eyes whoall special collectionslibrarian andasoftware engineer guide theproject. Theexternal advisors includedanarchivist, tomember actasadvisorsandthree external advisorsto help tofaculty members teach theclass,fourlibrarians andafaculty project teamOur consisted oftwoproject directors, two access and the user experience. experience. access andtheuser about perceptions everyone’s understand better inthe room wascrucial constituents different to anddefined challenges, terminologies. Having archival collections,brainstormed ideas,identified we wishedto explore. We talked aboutaccessto writers, to andstudents theareas begindeveloping with archivists, librarians, designfaculty, grant theplanningphaseweheldadesigncharrette During bring upissuesyouprobably hadnotconsidered. collection users. This willhelpshapetheproject and and staffmembers directly involvedandalsoother tosession before committing it. Invite thepeople runningashortbrainstormresources, consider projects require thatnew stafftimeand Given session brainstorm Run apre-project

curve to theintricaciesofarchives. quicklyunderstand advantages to wasalearning there users working withnew who hadnobackground witharchives. were there While In ourpilot,weworked withaclassofundergraduate students on track. midterm goals. andend This willhelpkeep everyone It isimportantthatatimelineestablishedwith timeline project Outline

your own innovative ideas. innovative your own interesting youwillundoubtedly conversation, comeupwith your institution.Andwhilewehopetheprototypes willspur be similar, butyouwilllikely onesthatfit comeupwithnew sections first. andinsightswill personae Some oftheuser instead youto weencourage workthrough thefollowing It may betempting to skipto thefinalprototype ideas,but your collections. time to ofpeoplewhouse various personae develop, cases youmay already be familiarwith,andneedless visualization to archival findingaids. Also, insome phasethanaproject toimmersion incorporate data collection displays may needlesstimeforthe For example, aproject aimingto physical improve but youmay areas. more timeoncertain spend projects. Regardless, allofthesteps should betaken, for smallprojects withashorttimeframe orlarger The methodologiespresented canbeused here Determine length of project length Determine

11 FuturePasts 12 FuturePasts can experience first-hand. systems, gives insightwellbeyond what one and real-worldusers, visitingsimilar works, bothgoodandbad. Talking to experts experience first-hand the way asystem of asystem, providesthe opportunityto user,” orengaginginthestandardactivities domain they’redesigningfor. “Beingthe assumptions) whilelearningaboutanew designers to beopento observation(without understands thatcontext. Itisimportantfor particular context, ishowwellthedesigner One ofthekey factors indesigningfora Immersion ArtCenter (Europe) Holiday Card ArtCenter Collegeof Design 13 FuturePasts 14 FuturePasts in thelibrary. oftheteamimportant formembers thatdonotwork access.collections andproviding Thisisespecially procedurestalk aboutthecurrent formanaging Staff are mostfamiliarwiththelibrary andcan Talk the with staff areas relateddifferent experience. to theuser to of archival collections,butitcouldanumber aspects related lookingatdifferent were to access about broad topics youwishto explore. For us,we havingthe subjectarea. Startby adiscussion ontheteamis importantforeveryone to understand Before comingwithupsolutionsandprototypes, it toCreate explore topics broad Tips! create solutions. and itisinformativeto operate they learnhow and All libraries andarchives facesimilarchallenges onthe sameissues. perspectives gain different Talk librarians andvisitinstitutionsto withother Visit other institutions insights notnecessarilyquantitativedata. a timeyou...”Thisresearch phaseseeksqualitative questionssuchas“Tellwith open-ended meabout structuringinterviewsleading questionsby to begin archives to accomplishtheirgoal.Avoid yes/noand and askpeopleto demonstrate usethe they how access andusecollections. tasks Identify typicaluser Talk they abouthow typesofusers withdifferent Interview users andtochallenges later insights. helpdevelop isthekeydocumentation to the helping understand to theirpathsto document result. theend That or locatingmaterials inalibrary. Participants need ofthingssuchasnavigatingnumber website anew on yourproject, anexercise couldtake theformofa exercise thatdemonstrates real worlduse.Depending Have theproject team doan andagroup ofusers an exercise Conduct

User experiencewithphysicalcollections and interfaces accesscollections? through whichusers areWhat theimplicationsfordesignofrelated portals use archival collectionswithoutvisitingthephysical location. digital collections. intheworldcan Scholarsfrom anywhere entire digitizedorborn finding aids,andsometimesitincludes and digitalservices. Sometimestheonlinecontent includes with theonlineworldofsearch, socialmedia,e-commerce but library experiences comparing archive accesswithother Usersare notonly experience. changed, ashastheuser available are now view hasdrastically online.Archival reference from public oncehidden archival collectionsthatwere Many User experiencewithdigitalcollections issuesandopportunities.a range ofoverarching accesstoThe classobjectiveofimproving archives uncovered is acore skilloftoday’s interaction designers. technology, technologies andbalancinghigh low technology designdoesnotalways necessarilymeanhigh Effective withadigitalreproduction. might notbeevident the qualitiesandcharacteristics ofthematerials that are ableto online.In users them person, viewing study photographs, from andobjectsisdifferent documents ofvisitingthearchives tothe experience publications, view interacting withphysical archival materials. For example, inseeingand experience isstillavaluableuser online, there withalloftheinitiativestoEven publishdigitalcollections ArtCenter Collegeof Design

cultural, etc.—in development. product/service factors—physical, aesthetic, psychological, emotional, human-centered designto holisticallyincorporate all of theconcept practices indesigneducationemphasize processed. Best were they about thecollectionsandhow as thestaffhascontextual andhistorical knowledge isoftenconversation incredibly usefulto researchers, extends to withthe archivists. engaging Anarchives reference Besides interacting experience withcollections,theuser User interactions witharchivists ArtCenter Collegeof Design 15 FuturePasts 16 FuturePasts We wanted to thestudents doing.” “learnby archives thattouched ofissuesandpractices. onanumber weekswegave thefirstfew During acrash coursein the Archives isstructured. andfacultylearnasmuchpossibleabouthow students thatdesign proposing anydesignsolutions,itwasessential itworked. unfamiliarwithhow class andwere Before theArtCenter Archives beforeexperienced thestartof Most intheFuture students Pasts studiohadnot from adesigner’spointofview Understanding theArchives:

arrangement andto is arrangement everything beginthinkingabouthow arrangement. Thisexercise wasagoodintroduction to archival Hierarchy, originalorder, are important for andprovenance only containeddescriptionsand notdigitizeditems. foundrecords forphotoscatalog students that andfolders Not intheonline inthecatalogisdigitized.Once everything not make iteasyto findthearchives catalog. the layout oftheLibrary catalog atthetimedid and Archives have separate onlinecatalogs. Plus, The onlinecatalogwasnoteasyto find.TheLibrary accessible oncampusatthattime,theresults didnotcomeup. started withaGooglesearch, but sinceourcatalogwasonly Not student comesupinaGooglesearch. Every everything much forthe14weeks. included: Someofthem assumptions andissuesthatwouldbediscussedfor This exercise ofsearch brought upanumber catalog andphysical Archives. through research intheArtCenter Archives -bothonline received three questions.Each student Eachwasanswered Objective: LearnbyDoing&DocumentWhatHappened toanswers variousquestionsabouttheCollege’shistory. hadtostudents usetheArtCenter Archives to the discover The classkicked off with ascavenger hunt inwhichthe Project Kickoff: Scavenger Hunt Scavenger Kickoff: Project 3. 2. 1. presentation and review nextweek. andreview presentation Create adiagram/poster andpinupfor oftheabove the way. Include alltheinteresting informationyoucameacross on to (analytics). eachanswer thesteps, research pathsthatleadyou queries, Document

There isabacklogofmaterialThere notrepresented inthecatalog. Programs). what collectionitwouldbein(Public thatinformationwould live(catalog)and about where would notappear. Instead, neededto students think was notdigitized,atext search withthecoursename description. Sincethatcatalogwhichhasthedescription one questionasked course Programs foraPublic Users needto re-think search strategies. For example, existedthey andvariousdigitalincarnations. onpaper collection.Weorganized by discussedfindingaidsandhow Scavenger Hunt student work answers inplacesthearchivists didnotanticipate.answers the process forusingarchives. In found somecasesthey insights into thearchives catalogisorganizedand how gainedinitial designers find informationandthestudent College Archivist saw first-time firsthand how try users to incrediblyThe results insightfulto were the everyone: have becausethey are processed. notdiscoverable notyetbeen It was surprisingto thatarchives have students materials that 17 FuturePasts 18 FuturePasts as they were unpacked were as they onastudiotable. andviewed Archives. andfacultydiscusseditems Students inthebox College Archivist brought abox ofmaterial from the Toward oftheresearch phaseoftheclass, theend Unboxing Understanding theworldofarchives of America; andvariousonlineprintresources.of America; Library Public California, ArchiveGrid, andtheDigital including linksto Archive of catalogs suchasOnline terminology, peopleaccessarchives informationonhow created aLibGuidewithdefinitionsofcommonarchival to andpreservation copyright, nameafew. We also which isoneway to explore issuesrelated to collections, thatdealtwitharchives, articlesinthenews recent ofthearchives field. understanding In classwediscussed toarchives, itwasalsoimportantforthem gainabetter theclassneededtoWhile ourinstitutional understand What adesignstudentsees What anarchivistsees • • • • • • and technologies are introduced. digitaldesigntoolschange quicklyas new time.Styles over stylesevolving Design digital designassets. A mixture ofprinted material and typographical andvisualdesignstyles. School catalogswithavarietyof arranged inchronological order. A varietyofmediatypesthatmay be acquired.) were they from andwhen (Archives theitems where knows came Content provenance. hasaknown contains unprocessed items A box from acollectionthat

Class discussionpoints collection Marketing andCommunications archives databases. to thesystem that addsmeaningandcontext to to isanopportunityforarchives users There helpadddata toobvious thearchivist thatcataloguedtheseitems. mayor designer noticeimmediately, butitmay notbe box wasarchived. Thisisimportantcontext thatanartist digital tools beingrapidly adopted were atthetimethis oftime.Thisislikelyquickly inashortperiod because noticedgraphic designstyleschanged students Design

ArtCenter Collegeof Design Unboxing project ArtCenter Collegeof Design 19 FuturePasts 20 FuturePasts know what you haven’t seen. across thecountry. You don’t only withinonearchive, but people have searched not I would love what to see GrantsSenoir Coordinator Jenny Noa everything you create. put your nameanddate on As students you should Processing Archivist Cathy Folgate unidentified. they are because useless images andthey’re effectively We have tens of of thousands Design Office Creative Director for Scott Taylor of access are shared among different institutions.of accessare shared among different Collections. It quicklybecameclear that issuesandmethods Center, Library Special andtheLosAngelesPublic the Automobile California,TheGetty ClubofSouthern access to collections. We visited and hadguestsfrom are ways to libraries andarchives provide other learnhow Field tripsto institutionsandhaving other guestspeakers Field tripsandguesttalks urgency. don’t of have thesense If itisdigitallyavailable, you member faculty Anthropologist and Elizabeth Chin

Los AngelesPublicLibrary 21 FuturePasts 22 FuturePasts solutions through strategic prototyping. Students then begancomingupwith inspiration forspecific projectideas. and userpersonaethat providedthe reflection, wedeveloped key insights observations. Through discussionand and facultyanalyzedourcollective After theimmersionphase,students Insights Student work showing information architecture 23 FuturePasts 24 FuturePasts excercises. Theseincluded: archives, weconductedafewresearch In ordertogainanunderstandingofthe Insights Archives Research ArtCenter 3 2 1 example ofafuturisticsolution. a professorusingARinordertoseean archivist there.Wealsohadachancetotalk manage theirsystemaswelltalktothe Public Libraryandseehowlargerarchives We hadanopportunitytovisitLosAngeles LA LibraryArchives archivist pointofview. etc) aswelltalkedtoBobaboutthe the archivalsystem(collection,foldersystem, During this,welookedatthedifferentpartsof also visitedArtCenterÕsphysicalarchives. As apartoftheinitialÞndingexcercise,we ArtCenter Archives along theway. ArtCenterÕs websiteandidentifyingissues This includedgoingstepbythrough document theprocessofcompletingourtask. to Þndinthearchivesandthendirected In thisexcercise,weweregivenasetofitems Website Audit Future Pasts2018 comfortable with. archive sites,ÞtthesearchdialectsthatuserÕsare whereas onAmazontheyuseÞlters.Howcould On PinterestandInstagrampeoplesearchintags different waysanddevelopasortofÒsearchdialectÓ. Different platformscauseuserstousethemin Search Dialect the piece. archivist addedabackstoryoradditionalcontextto looking atbecamemuchmoreinterestingwhenthe LA Archives,wefoundthatthecontentwere During visitstotheArtCenterarchivesaswell Content +Context

across unexpectedcontentinthedigitalspace. interesting thing.Howcanweretainthisprocessofcoming archives lookingforonethingandfoundanotherevenmore process ofaccidentaldiscovery-inwhichwecameintothe One ofthemostinterestingpartsarchiveswas Accidental Discovery things onlycontinuetogetmoredigital? How canweÞndwaystoretainthatphysicalityas features thatwouldbelostinthetranslationtodigital. but therearemanyitemsthathavespecialphysical There isapushtowardsdigitizationinthearchives Physicality

relevant torelevant mostarchives, butare notmeantto beallinclusive. research conducted to date. Theeightinsightspresented are the classmidterm andrepresented and alloftheimmersion InsightsThe following poster waspresented at students by Insights Key user typeshaveaneasyexperience. still vitaltothearchivalprocess.Howcanboththese terminology thatendusersjustcanÕtunderstandbutare completely different.Thearchivistshavetheirown The mentalmodelsoftheArchivistandenduserare Mental ModelDifferences that wouldservethedigitalarchivesbetter? structure). Isthereperhapsadifferentmodel physical archives(Collection-Folderitem As ofnowthereisa1:1relationbetweenthe 1:1 DigitaltoPhysical

Information Overload donÕt knowexistbecausetheylackdigitalrepresentation. there aremanyobjectsinthearchivesthatend-users they feltcouldneverbecaughtupto.Becauseofthis, archivist hadalargeamountofunprocessedmaterialthat Whether atArtCenter,AAA,orLAPublic,everysingle Backlog the usersoastonotoverwhelm? can thisinformationbesurfacedonlyasneededby those thatarepurelyforthearchivalprocess.How information aboutthepiecetoend-user,including The currentarchiveswebsitepresentsallthe

2018 have aneasyexperience? process. types Howcanboththeseuser butstillvitalto users end thearchival terminologyown thatisunfamiliarto different. Thearchivists have their are completely user and theend modelsofthearchivist The mental MENTAL MODELDIFFERENCES: overwhelm? soasto theuser as neededby not can thisinformationbesurfacedonly purely forthearchival process. How the end-user, includingthosethatare all theinformationaboutpieceto Archives websiteThe current presents INFORMATION OVERLOAD: additional context to thepiece. the archivist addedabackstory or became muchmore interesting when the content lookingat thatwewere Special Collections,wefoundthat Library as welltheLosAngelesPublic visitstoDuring theArtCenter Archives CONTENT +CONTEXT: lack digitalrepresentation. existbecausethey don’tknow end-users many objectsintheArchives that materials. are Becauseofthis, there Most archives have unprocessed BACKLOG: are comfortableusing? dialect thatusers How canarchive sites fitthesearch usefilters. onAmazonthey whereas and Instagram peoplesearch intags Pinterestsort of“search dialect”.On ways indifferent a them anddevelop platformscauseusers to use Different SEARCH DIALECT: to getmore digital? that physicality asthingsonlycontinue digital. How canwefindways to retain that wouldbelostinthetranslation to that have special physical features arethe archives manyitems butthere isapushtowardsThere digitizationin PHYSICALITY: the digitalspace? of comingacross unexpected content in thing. Howcan weretain thisprocess more interesting even found another Archives lookingforonethingand -inwhichwecameintodiscovery the archives wastheprocess ofaccidental ofthemostinterestingOne partsofthe ACCIDENTAL DISCOVERY: thedigitalarchives better? serve modelthatwould adifferent perhaps - Folder -item structure). Is there the physical archives (Collection isa1:1relation between there ofnow As 1:1 DIGITAL TOPHYSICAL: 25 FuturePasts 26 FuturePasts field that relate to thelibrary. gaps,and issuesinthe observations, also berelevant can insightsshouldinclude pain points,they While ideas different can represent Insights tothat are unknown librarians andarchivists. insight process. willpointoutissues timesthey Many importantto are very perspectives The users’ the should helpUsers create insights stories.user behaviors. Whiteboard andsketch modelsand modelsand frustration, workarounds, mental Lookforuniqueexamplesofuser immersion. Talk withyourproject team abouttheresearch and insights emerge discussion, Through

observations togetherobservations canleadto insight. thanothers.more “universal” Grouping similar in yoursystem thathave alotofimpact,orare multiple contexts? These are indicators offactors to thatseemed again? Anobservation in happen Was apainpointthatcameupagainand there Look patterns for Tips! on users’ experiences notthedesignteam’s experiences on users’ ambitions. steps. creative approach thatfocuses Itempathetic, isadeeply of beginningoftheproject inaseries community from thevery To itisvitalto startthisprocess webelieve the engage into encounter. they theneedsof real peopleandthebarriers from technologyemerge capabilitiesbutfrom uniqueinsights ideas. relevant novel, Thebestsolutionsdon’t generating that community, itsstakeholders, visitors and staffis key to community.and academic of Understandingtheexperience Archives hasaclearmissionto theArtCenter serve creative Long rooted inlearning, the accessandpreservation, Understanding users How to interviews: conductuser 4. 3. 2. 1. Develop Insights from participantsbeforehand) (getpermission everything Capture anddocumentthedata:Record andphotograph demonstrate andtell stories experience. abouttheirown questionstoopen-ended prompt participantsto elaborate, Script thesession:Structure activities,materials and multiple behaviors (notjustdemographics) and attitudes Identify participants:Lookfordiversity, real-world use, 27 FuturePasts 28 FuturePasts of infoandbookmarks per sessionsodesires strong organization - Willamassdecentamountofinformation search through enginehimself(currently) than rather info finding help for ask and - Prefers tocontactarchives byphone that couldsupporthisconcept wants tosearch forphotosandinformation - Startsoutwithalotofpotentialideasand the search thathedidn’t thinkof visual andhasadditionalinformationon - Desires highlyintuitivesearch thatis new andinteresting iswhatIlookfor” to and overagain.Beingable to “discover” something different something for promote, insteadofusingthesameimagesover looking always “I’m ArtCenter Marketing Dept. at (40 /Female ) Karen PROMOTER THE in engine has difficulty putting it to words when searching - Hasclearideaofwhatinformationhewantsbut touse how website thatisnoteasytofigure out out figuring for patience Little - PAIN POINTS - Savingtheimages - Findinginformationrelated tothesubject who wenttothecarclassic - Lookingforapicture from importantpeople USE CASES “Discover Factor” - Findsomethinguniquefrom ArtCenter, approaches - Have new and relevant context, to have different - Makesure nooneelsehasthesameinfo him theinformationheneedstowritehispieces - Quick and efficient research flow that will give MOTIVATIONS - Haveplentyofoptions to thearticle - Getinteresting andrelated facts,toaddcontent - Find new, “unseen” photos from the Car Classic - Write aboutitontheDotMagazine - LookingforphotosofCarClassic GOALS at ArtCenterindifferent majors. because shehassomefriendsstudying choice first her became Center Art and looking upsomeartcollegesinCalifornia programs ofproduct design.Shestarted she begantohaveaninterest inschool sudden urges ofstudyingdesignand long. Lately, shecouldn’t suppress her couldn’t neglectheroriginaldream for education forartordesign,butshe and studydesign.Sheneverhadformal original dream wasgoingartschool Business EconomicsatUCLAbuther Ana issophomore studentstudying this school.” and believethatIcanachievemydream through them. I’mlookingforward tobeaproduct designer of opportunitiessponsored project classeswith connections withcompanies,theytendtohavealot than otherschools.SinceArtCenterhasalotof practical skillsandhasprofessional connections schools becauseArtCenterfocusesmore on “I’m interested inArtCentermore thanotherart Economics Business Study UCLA at student Sophomore ( 24 /Female ) K Ana EXPLORER THE she willtake. she isinterested inandplanaheadwhatclasses - Want toknowmore abouttheprogram that will bedoingatartschool. previous worksandgetsanideaofwhatshe design, she’s wants to seethecurrent students’ - Since she neverhadformal education forartor class. hesitant becauseshewantstobesuccessfulin - Very excitedtogoanartschool,butbeing PAIN POINTS - Visit agradshowandhearhiringnews passes bysponsored project classes - Observehowuppertermclassesdowhileshe projects. - Visit student gallery and see inspirational school programs. her friendsandasksquestionsregarding tothe her atArtCenterandAnadesires totalkwith - SomeofherfriendsatArtCentercanhost online(Youtube) aboutArtCenter - Findingandwatchingsomevideos MOTIVATIONS in anartschool. she will take and what kinds of workshe will do - Want toknowmore aboutwhatkindofclass school toomuchonceshegetsin. - Shedoesn’t wanttobestrugglingwiththe enough before shechangesherpath. major andcurriculum,soshecanprepare - Haveenoughknowledgeabouttheschool, - Findarightartschoolforher GOALS Transportation department. more aboutgender ratio over timeinthe in school.Shealsohopestoexplore understanding more abouttheirtime Tisha JohnsonandChristinePark graduates suchasMichelleChristensen, its famousfemaletransportationdesign because he is interested about in learning wants tousetheArtCenterarchives evolution oftheirrole overtime.She in women transportation designaswellthe of influence the on book a Linda isa58yearoldresearcher writing - AmountofTimespentonsite - DepthofResearch - ComfortwithArchive Interfaces SPECTRUMS Researcher ( 58 /Female ) Linda SCHOLAR THE contextual informationforhimtoworkwith - Itemssheaccesseddon’t alwayshaveattached to backlogitems - Can’t accessun-digitizeditems/No - Nowaytoidentifywho’s inaphoto documents statistics together. Theyarea eachinindividual - Currently unable to view the department PAIN POINTS - Access to backlog items and assets - Access to physical assets in the Archive (contextual archival) and Want piece- informationeach detailed about - Ability to search for specifics and details - Be able to save search results /bookmark pictures in people Identify - - Detailed access to related contents people datesdocuments, and - Advanced filtering of results bytype of Advanced- Options Search archivists the form help and Communication - - Full access to the ArtCenter archives USER NEEDS transportation designers - Dataofcurrently enrolled female transportation designers - Work Samplesofcurrent female with thesedesignersthathecaninterview - Contactsofindividualsthattaught/worked inception ofthedepartmenttill2018 Transportation designdepartmentfrom the - Genderdiversitystatisticsfrom the transportation designers - Studentworkfrom famousfemale USE CASES Archivist /Male( 44 ) Robbie - Curateadisplayoncertaintopic items toarchives. - Contactsomedonorstodonate visitors. - Prepare materialsforincomingarchive the digitize and materials usersneed,andreply theemails. find emails, Check - one topreserve anddigitize. - Reviewnewitemsanddeterminewhich USE CASES plan forcollectionprojects. “ for researchers, butalsotocuratedisplaysand “ Inormallyusethecollectiontoprepare materials ARCHIVIST THE context ofuse. theirneeds,painpoints,desires, habitsand of typicalusers- acharacterrepresentation; thatoften combinesmulitplefacets also worthexploringforourarchives. isafictional Apersona was persona discussion itwasdetermined thattheDesigner At themidterm butthrough originallyfivepersonae, were there the classfinalsand represented research conducted with users. poster personae The following waspresented at students by Personae Archives work - Wants more peopletounderstandhowthe when theycomeacross onlinesearch problems - Wants websitevisitorstocontacttheArchives have. - Wants more peopletoexplore whatthearchives information - Wants toconnectresearchers tocomprehensive what theyneed. find visitors archive help efficiently to Wants - during thesearching process - Wants toknowtheproblems userscomeacross want - Understand different user types and what they - Digitizeandprocess theitemsinbacklog GOALS - Sometimes,peopleneedmaterialrightaway. - Sometimes,people’s questionsare toobroad. - Digitizingthearchives efficiently. catalog that hasn’t beendigitizedorputintotheonline - Lettingwebsitevisitorsknowaboutmaterial efficiently - Documentingphysicalorinteractiveobjects PAIN POINTS iems. - I usually spend 0.5-1 hour to prepare for the mark thepriority. and file excel the to information same the add - Labelsboxandaddafolderpageonline is there anythingspecial. - Whenhegetaboxofitems,usuallychecks inquiries - Connectingwiththeotherpersonasandtaking trying tomakeitavailable - Collectsandpreserve informationwhilealso for aresearcher oradisplay - Isconstantlycuratinginhisjob,whetherit’s MOTIVATIONS

FACT FINDER THE terms andstrategies. new to how to be efficient with his search Archives frequently andthismakeshim assignment. Robertdoesnotusethe planning tohelphisgroup withtheir a few documents aboutArtCenter’s find campus to assigned been has and currently taking an Art of Research class the ArtCenterCollegeofDesign.Heis Robert isaProduct Designstudentat - DepthofResearch :4/10 - FamiliaritywithArtCenter:9/10 - KnowledgeofArtCenterarchival structure 1/10 - Amountoftimespentonarchives 3/10 SPECTRUM ProductMajor: Design Student Profession: ArtCenter 26 Age: Robert ArtCenter in1970 - Trying tofinddiversitystatisticsfrom meeting in2011 - Trying tofindmeetingnotesfrom aboard ArtCenter Europe - LookingforspecificHolidayCard from ArtCenter form theearlessproduct designclassat - Trying tofindaclassdescriptionandsyllabus projects from 2000 - Lookingforsponsored product design members from 1930 - Lookingforapicture ofadministration access thearchives without havingtoread through orphysically - Awaytounderstandwhat’s inadocument - Awaytosearch withindocuments documents avoidinginformationoverload and items specific for search to way a Needs - MOTIVATIONS ArtCenter Archives the using document specific find to Looking - assignment - Getahighgradeforhisnewresearch GOALS of metadataonthesearch results are types different the what understand not Does - a description since the titles are vague and many don’t have - He does not know which documents to request - HeneedstophysicallyvisittheArchives un-digitized sohecannotviewthemonline - MostoftheArtCenterplanningdocumentsare PAIN POINTS USE CASES is workingonhisownprojects. a siteofresearch forinspirationwhenhe He lateronisabletousethearchives as about thepastprojects andstudents. moreand categories.Hegetstolearn to wonder more into the different projects classmates. Whileheisatthesitestarts website toseesomeprojects ofhisfellow ArtCenter. HegoestotheArchives graduated from Product Designat Nico isaUXDesigner, herecently - DepthofResearch :7/10 - FamiliaritywithArtCenter:9/10 - KnowledgeofArtCenterarchival structure 1/10 - Amountoftimespentonarchives 2/10 SPECTRUM ArtCenter Studied Product at Design Profession: UX Designer 25 Age: Nico DESIGNER THE made. more- Learn abouthowcertainprojects were different eras. - Gettinginspirationandreference from - Seewhatstudentsdidbackintheday. - Lookingforartmovementreferences. - Lookingforaprojects from classes. understand whathewouldbelookingat. - Visually appealingresults, easytoseeand - Discoverthingshemaylike. - Designrelated content MOTIVATIONS - Beabletosearch usingdesignlanguage. deisgn. - Explore the archives, more andlearn about GOALS of metadataonthesearch results are types different the what understand not Does - description the titlesare vagueandmanydon’t havea - Hedoesnotknowwhatheislookingatsince (no text) - Heneedstovisuallyseewhatheislookingfor to search basedondesign. - Hedoesn’t knowhowtoformulatesentences PAIN POINTS USE CASES metadata. known cataloging materials withlittle Backlog ofunprocessed materials, Pain points: materials. wants to describeandprocess better Wants peopleto explore thearchives, Goals: ARCHIVIST: learning onlinecatalog. for patience search terms, haslittle Unable to findinformationusing Pain points: events. previous photosfacts andunseen from ArtCenter magazine,lookingfor for an articleonCarClassicevent Marketing writing staffmember Goals: PROMOTER: understand structure ofarchives.understand online,doesnot everything Cannot view Pain points: the archives. orimagein Looking aspecificdocument Goals: FACT FINDER: research. Unsure to where startdoingthe Pain points: work. about classesandstudent wantsto student Prospective learnmore Goals: EXPLORER: based keywords. Archives notdescribedusingdesign- Pain points: and visuals. Be ablesearch usingdesignlanguage Goals: DESIGNER: items. tounsure how accessnon-digitized Unable to people inphotos, identify Pain points: intransportation design. women Scholar writingabookonthehistory of Goals: SCHOLAR: 29 FuturePasts and designersuse used onDotEdandthetoolsthatresearchers Align datausedinthearticleswithdescriptions Data Architecture ArtCenter 30 FuturePasts Future Pasts2018 Information Architecture items andtasksrelate to and supports findability, oneanother intuitively andconsistently navigate thesystem. It defineshow organizes, structures andlabelscontent can sothatusers based oninsightsgained.Information architecture (IA) students by multipleprojects inclassand revised shared by diagram isproposed information architectureThe above content andservices. to everyday ofdata,material, theusers’ understanding identify card sorting, usabilitytests, stakeholders interviews anduser application. It often oftheoverall blueprint usestools suchas effective Information Architecture context givesusers and andmultiplesearch patterns. an flow Bothartandscience, 31 FuturePasts 32 FuturePasts ArtCenter Collegeof Design that portionofthesystem. mechanism to usto focuson,allows prototype andtest just or uniqueinourdesign.Isolating orinteraction a“moment” anon/offswitch) menu, dropdown whilesomeare more novel interaction mechanisms. Someofthesemay familiar(a bevery interactive system (inlotsofways) into interactions, smaller or we are dealingwithcomplexsystems, an wecanbreak down which partsofasystem to prototype, andhow. Especially when to thevarietyofthinkingthatgoesinto emphasize deciding ArtCenter weoften talkaboutStrategic Prototypingall ofit.At thoseideasplayhow out,through realizing andtesting someor about PRESENTINGanidea,andmore aboutDISCOVERY into It’s importantto note thatinourprocess, prototypes are less interacts.like, auser are, andhow bigthey how inDESIGN:makingdecisionsaboutwhatthingslooks engaging important to note thatwecan’tprototype without IDEAS ourdesignsactuallywork.It’s how importantly withothers, Prototyping usto allows test, most forourselvesandperhaps of asystem inbetween. -usuallyit’ssomewhere mockupto screen can range from apaper afullyfunctionaltest that manifestsallorpartoftheinteraction we’re designing. It construction.Aprototypeof concept, issomethingwemake realization, test,implementation, exploration, solution,proof research thatcanrealize the(inter)action thatisstudied;or, (from theInteraction Foundation): Design Artifactusedin Strategic Prototyping: Whatisaprototype?

wide-angle camera capture an entire tablesurface? capture anentire wide-angle camera system, thesearch results make for instance:Do a Will sense? A prototype to auser that allows test functionofthe acertain Prototype Functional actual product, fortesting feel. details andoverall finalized. fidelity prototypesHigher have afinishcloser tothe interaction ifthegraphics aren’t mechanismworkseven as partofthedesignprocess, forinstancetesting an how prototypes are importantfortesting ofthedesign elements How closeaprototype isto fidelity a“final”design.Low to (low high)Fidelity interface functional (clickable)graphical user elements A prototype caninteract thatauser with,forexamplethrough Prototype Interactive An isolated interaction orportionofalarger “moment” Mechanism Interaction simulation may andtheirbehavior include user(s) too. presented to asthoughit’saninterface, theuser orthe Using videoto simulate asystem’s behavior; thiscanbe Prototype Video or aestheticevaluation A prototype forfunctionaland/ ofthephysical formofadevice, (model)Form Prototype

33 FuturePasts 34 FuturePasts particular goal. in aparticular environmentandrelated to a of interactions between systems andusers design to communicate possiblesequences in softwaredevelopment andinteraction systems. Ausecaseisa term employed identified areasofimprovement to existing came upwiththeprototypes andhowthey inform otherprojects,ishowthedesigners project examplesthatcouldinspireand developed further. Thetakeaway fromthese one ofthesecouldeasilybeexploredand not meantto beexhaustive.Infact,each project. Thesewereallprototypes and We presentfourcasestudiesfromthe Synthesis 35 FuturePasts 36 FuturePasts Greg Palkovics Work byPooja Nairi, TableProcessing ArtCenter Collegeof Design magical moments of accidental discovery. ofaccidental magical moments 3) videoassetsgenerated researchers, by willhelpcapture the thearchivist and notes andresearcher dialog between created 2) addrichnessto content through context capturingthe by items showing by intheirboxesoriginal order andcontainers, undigitized boxes andmaterials. Impact: 1)visuallycapture the forunprocessed and from thesessionsasdigitalplaceholders visitorsby to thearchives website, 3)addingimagescreated fornotesallowing andaudiobehindeachitem to besearched usecasesinclude1)videoconferencing, 2) software. Other content through thecreation ofaphysical tableandadjacent andorganizing process ofphysically discovering authentic The processing tableaimsto andrecord the enhance 37 FuturePasts 38 FuturePasts Activities Visit theArchives viewing materials.viewing anddonorswhile with researchers collections andrecord conversations way forarchivists to virtuallyshare backlog materials. In addition,itisa to visuallycapture incoming and The processing tableworksasatool ARCHIVIST: Personae Getting Started Immersion with materials. peopleinteract abouthow and users archives andtalkwitharchivists other Look through physical collections. Visit session. and addscontext to theresearch with annotated notes useful isvery images, videoandaudioofasession To thescholar, theabilityto capture SCHOLAR: Inspiration for on-site researchers. insights, to experience theuser enhance Think ofsolutions,basedonchosen the years. of printed materials throughout design andtypography ofcollections this isaway to analyzegraphic their originalorder. For designers, materials ofviewing in experience The processing tablefacilitates the DESIGNER: Insight Ideation functionality forprocessing table. Create wireframes, thinkofrelevant representations. onlyseeingdigitized than by materials experienced canbebetter research session,thephysicality of By photographing andrecording a PHYSICALITY: Insights Key Iteration Synthesis feedback. and demonstrate atfinals to getuser Build table,create interface, user volume andcontents ofthebacklog. the and archivists understand toplaceholders helpresearchers boxes asvisual canserve Capturing imagesofunprocessed BACKLOG: Demonstration User Feedback of digitalcollections. unprocessed collections,andprocessing notes, for creating digitalplaceholders include videoconferencing, searchable The functionalitycouldbeextended to the materials. add contextual informationto during theresearch sessioncan Recording audioandwritingnotes CONTENT +CONTEXT: Future Applications 39 FuturePasts 40 FuturePasts Processing tabledemo ArtCenter Collegeof Design Screen shots of processing tableinterface 41 FuturePasts 42 FuturePasts Christine Ye Corinna Dasso, Work byCeliaChoi, Annotations

people, crowdsourcing could be very effective. couldbevery people, crowdsourcing information withtheArchives. Directed atspecificgroups of peopledirectly from thecatalogandsharehelp identify that crowdsourcing. couldimagineausecaseforalumnito One their catalogrecords through shared annotationsand theArchives canimprove This project alsodealtwithhow scholars.with theArchives andother ornottocould decidewhether share theirnotes orannotations bibliographies, andsaving sectionsfrom PDFs. Researchers from annotatingdigitalfiles, creating listsand would benefit searching andbrowsing, itwasproposed thatresearchers interactive withtheonlinecatalog. experience Goingbeyond The annotationsproject beganasatool forscholarsto have an ArtCenter Collegeof Design management tools.management andexplored waysand galleries to integrate into archive decribe inthoseterms. museums inspired by were Students to make Software weuseforarchives isnotdesignedto them. think ofcolorandmaterials ofobjectsandtheprocesses used thinkand describetheirworkthey artistsanddesigners When added byartistsanddesigners 2. Annotations effective interfaces. thedesignteamapproach allowed to themost identify directions. new provided Thisiterative design andgenerative approaches.three novel iterated Eachwere uponandinturn resulted artistsandstudents, groups; users, main user in ofeachthe Addressing annotationsfrom theperspective

which is then sent to sent which isthen theArchives. are abletoStudents uploadtheirworkandaddmetadata, and incorporated itinto system. acoursemanagement inspirationThis project from drew theartand designproject the coursemanagement system added bystudentsinto 3. Annotations directly into theonline catalog. Users have theability to tagnamesandaddannotations 1. Annotationsaddedbyusers

43 FuturePasts 44 FuturePasts Activities Browse andsearch theonlinecatalog.Browse add information. an excellent way forarchivists to is annotations andcrowdsourcing metadatathrough Gathering ARCHIVIST: Personae Getting Started Immersion descriptive metadata. ofcollecting about challenges research process. Talk witharchivists that wouldbeusefulto help their Talk aboutfeatures withresearchers share notes. save sectionsfrom PDFs, and annotations, create bibliographies, scholars have theabilityto write Working within theonlinecatalog, SCHOLAR: Inspiration metadata to thearchive catalog. the research process whilealsoadding Brainstorm ideasthatwouldbestassist when they are more fullydescribed. they when willfind relevant fact finder items isanincreased chancethata There FACT FINDER: Insight Ideation through anonlinecatalog. wouldtakesolutions andpathsusers Create different wireframes showing their research. search resultsrelevant to curate Users have away to organize INFORMATION OVERLOAD: Insights Key Iteration Synthesis

crowdsourcing, andcollectingmetadata. usecasesforcreating annotations, Show information. in acatalogaddscontextual Adding annotationsto theitems CONTENT +CONTEXT: Demonstration User Feedback catalog records. existing campussystems to improve annotations withcollectingdatafrom Interoperability: combiningshared designer thinks.designer reflects theways inwhich a that experience Creating auser MENTAL MODELDIFFERENCES: Future Applications 45 FuturePasts 46 FuturePasts to theArchives. Students addmetadata can easily at thetimethey submittheirwork management system added bystudentsinto thecourse 3. Annotations allow to browse users inmore intuitive way. By allowing artists specific metadata anddesignersto applydiscipline will added byartistsanddesigners 2. Annotations and future databaseswillallowto savenotes. users personal Crowdsourcing isoneway addmetadata can users to archives catalogs, added byusers 1. Annotations

47 FuturePasts 48 FuturePasts Work byGregPalkovics Content Curated a monitor. It canbechangedinreal timeviathecatalog. tocatalog andsent aninteractive applicationanddisplayed on purposes. Specific items wouldbeselected from theonline display andother virtualcollectionsforoutreach, events, new applications. curators This willallow andarchivists to create customized andcurated content fordisplays andinteractive The Curated Content project demonstrates away to create 49 FuturePasts 50 FuturePasts Activities Visit thearchives. collections andexplore. excellent way to learnaboutarchival curated content displays are an a specific research topic, the For someone whodoesnothave EXPLORER: Personae Getting Started Immersion

view materials.view people talk witharchivists abouthow Look atphysical anddigitalcollections, collections. the archives, institutions,and which isagoodway to promote andoutreach opportunities, events Use cases forcurated content canbe PROMOTER: Inspiration which to make collectionsaccessible. digital items to ways thinkofnew in theexistingmetadataand Leverage metadata to addto thecatalog. archives gainsvaluabledescriptive ausecaseforcrowdsourcing,As the ARCHIVIST: Insight Ideation archival content inpublicspaces. waysExplore different to display Iteration Synthesis focused view? curate content to amore provide interestedthey’re infinding. Canwe already hasanideaofwhat a user can beadauntingprospect unless intoDigging archives theentire INFORMATION OVERLOAD: Insights Key functionality. content anddemonstrate the Create adisplay ofsamplecurated

Demonstration passersby are exposedtopassersby treasures. the ArtCenter campus,casual archives andsprinkledthroughout that are curated directly from the By imagininganetworkofdisplays ACCIDENTAL DISCOVERY: User Feedback campus, andinareading room. around around campusandatevents ofcuratedScreens collectionscanexist Future Applications 51 FuturePasts 52 FuturePasts on amobiledevice. curated collection experience a that people can on aniPad, so Testing aprotoype ArtCenter Collegeof Design around campus. at locations select beseen also can Curated collections 53 FuturePasts 54 FuturePasts Daniel Yoon Jang,Stacy Work byDerlingChen, Timeline

well asboxes, andvariousmediatypes. folders, materials. Similarly, unprocessed collectionshave anicon,as non-digitized content to oftheextent informusers better of year, digitizeditems willappears aswelliconsrepresenting the datastructures ofarchives. selectingaspecific When subject headings. triedto theseicons,students With visualize non-digitized materials, unprocessed collections,andspecific Iconography wasusedto mediatypes, different show the College. promote thearchives andeducate aboutthehistory users of tool located atvariousdisplays around campusthatwillhelp and seestatisticalinformation.It ismeantto beaninformative connectionswithinthematerials,the wholearchives, discover collectionswithinthecontext canview visualization, users of to users that allows visuallyexplore collections. Utilizing data The timelineproject creates an interactive experience browsing 55 FuturePasts 56 FuturePasts Activities Look atthephysical anddigitalarchives. through aninteractive timeline. can visuallyexplore thecollections withoutaspecificsearch A user EXPLORER: Personae Getting Started Immersion

events and other timelineprojects. andother events Looks attheCollege’schronology of the Archives. which isagoodway to promote andoutreach opportunities, events Use cases forthetimelinecanbe PROMOTER: Inspiration that utilizeexistingmetadata. scenarios browsing Think ofdifferent collections andsubjectareas. avisualwayspresenting to browse the timelinedraws scholars inby Using datafrom theonlinecatalog, SCHOLAR: Insight Ideation timelines examples. Create wireframes fordifferent metadata andstructure. whileretaining archivalof browsing aninterestingtimeline offers way ways ofsearching andbrowsing. A haveArchivists andusers different MENTAL MODELDIFFERENCES: Insights Key Iteration Synthesis

that users cantestthat users thefunctionality. Create prototype oniPads versions so interactive way to explore. to addadditionalcontext inan courses, faculty, terms students, ArtCenter’s structure with academic context. In additionto time, weused into atimelineisway to add Visually organizingdigitizedcontent CONTENT +CONTEXT: Demonstration User Feedback related to specific topics or regions. used incollaborative archives projects couldimagineatoolOne like this being canexplore thearchives.campus, users Located atstrategic placesaround while usinganinteractive timeline. collections anditems are found Interesting connections among ACCIDENTAL DISCOVERY: Future Applications 57 FuturePasts 58 FuturePasts ArtCenter Collegeof Design 59 FuturePasts 60 FuturePasts work asintended. determine whether aparticulardesign will assumptions, skills,limitations andattitudes “Users” arethereal-world people,andtheir real-world peoplethesystem willimpact. the project’sreal-world context andthe it isimportantto maintainconnectionto of it.Evenbeyondtheimmersionphase for aparticulardesign-oratleastnotall Designers usuallyaren’tthetargetaudience User Feedback Guests andproject team givingcritiqueat finalpresentations ArtCenter Collegeof Design 61 FuturePasts 62 FuturePasts points foranalysis. to other, similar, perhaps projects -valuableresearch references canalsoprovide Experts need attention. work wellinanexistingsystem, andwhatelements User feedbackcantell already youwhatelements Don’t the wheel. reinvent systems. of those the or users systems, similar who have designed to others can refer “Expert” feedback youreceive. test yourdesign, youwillneedtimeto address the oftheproject to waituntiltheend or Don’t show process. design at multiple points in the feedback Plan user for final review final review to test prototypes feedback. andgivefurther to anddesigndirections, and then in onourinitialconcepts the Additionally, invited were they to themidterm to review weigh and discussion. withus,through presentation archive-users asarchivists or shared theirexperiences Each ofourexperts domainswhoregularly usearchives.other inbuildingarchival toolsexperts in andapanelofexperts localinstitutions,aswelltechnologythe archivists atseveral We invited to asetofexperts draw onduringourstudio: particular user mayparticular user have. ofthemindsetandconstraints a understanding and canactassuch,longwehave an to test something. ofusare potential Many users, It’s notalways possibleto have on-hand anexpert can be users. Designers Tips! Project Team andAdvisors: Students: what are they bringing through through bringing they what are interesting aspect tointeresting archives.” aspect “Before project, the Iassumed “Understand the typical user,“Understand typical the “The most interesting aspect “The everything was on Google.” was everything knowledge insight and into to the class was the overall overall the to class the was considered or dwelled on.” dwelled or considered the door,the focus.” their and “The taxonomies used by “The a world never Ihad that archivists was the most the was archivists “How do you keep an archive alive?” archive Users “Who decides what is important “Who “I would love to see what people “There were things that Iwould that were “There things have searched not only within country. You don’t know what that helpedthat me tell story.” the happen upon, that something was just in an adjacent just an in was folder one archive, but across the “We’re looking for always historical context.”historical you haven’t seen.” haven’t you to archive?” to 63 FuturePasts 64 FuturePasts future initiatives. serve asstarting pointsandplatforms for ideas andprototypes, allofwhichcould and designers.We finished withseveral of thiscollaborationbetween archivists we werejustbeginning to scratch thesurface At thecompletionofproject,wefeltthat Conclusion

Studio classat theLos AngelesPublicLibrary SpecialCollections Caption ArtCenter Collegeof Design,Pasadena CA 65 FuturePasts 66 FuturePasts archival materials andinteractions withthearchivists. interested inthereal lifeaspectsofarchives: thephysicality of implemented years. particularly withinthenextfew were They andinsightscouldberealistically addressed thepersonae wanted designers group ofstudent to create solutionsthat online catalogfeatures, andvideo/audiorecording. Our through interactiveexperience, displays, crowdsourcing, All oftheprojects usedtechnology to theuser improve user. fortheend isagoodexperience information sothatthere to archivists anddesigners approach between organize describe materials access. andprovide isalsoacommon There archives arrange and how discovered thedesigners immersion, ofprojects relatedused foranynumber to thelibrary. Through reach solutions. It was alsoclearthatthedesignprocess canbe into deep dove designers to allaspectsofarchives inorder waysnew access. weprovide ofthinkingabouthow The strategic personae, user prototyping, andsynthesisprovided insights,creating developing design process ofimmersion, disciplines. Thelibrarians andarchivists realized thatthe between wasamutualappreciation andsynergy There other fields.other from exploringapplications,tools andinsightsfrom team. andinteresting times,new Many ideascome design prototypes withtheproject anddiscuss them conducted. Rather thandismissingthoseideas, the process may beoutside ofwhatisnormally to disappear. Someofthesolutions generated from The “we’vealways doneitthisway” needs argument the box outside Think Final Tips! designer. prototypes, to itisrecommended workwithaUX andwish to several with manyelements review However, project ifyouare workingonalarger projects.a designconsultant,especiallyfor smaller Understandably, itisnotalways feasibleto workwith in thetoolkit withouttheneedto hire adesigner. thelessons Librarians andarchivists canfollow designer a without Complete or the with project team project adiverse Assemble audiences.for multipleanddiverse solutions ,butiskey to creating aninclusive solution sketching andideationnotonlygenerates novel strategy,that respectful inclusioninconversation, Meet regularly anddiscussoften. Understand Small groups canaccomplishthesamething. discussion. Butitdoesn’tneedto be aclassroom. isidealforideationandgroup A classroom setting ideas Discuss stakeholders inthe library orarchives. and departments, peoplefrom other include users, In addition to yourstaff,the project team should

experiences thatstartwithasparkofexcitement.experiences inspired. It isourresponsibility to create user wanttoreasons, butprimarilythey learnandbe People goto libraries andarchives, fordifferent because youwantto accessforyourusers. improve And lastly, have fun.You are mostlikely reading this fun Have and institutionalbuy-in. fortesting,story allows experience oftheuser input would workandwhy itwasdesigned.Telling the onlyneedtoThey it theideabehindhow convey Prototypes donotneedto beelaborate andcostly. prototypes simple Build

67 FuturePasts 68 FuturePasts those oftheInstitute ofMuseum andLibrary Services. expressed inthispublicationdonotnecessarilyrepresent recommendations [LG-74-17-0134-17].Library Services findings,conclusionsor Theviews, theInstituteThis project wasmadepossible inpartby ofMuseum and Development: External Advisors: Internal Advisors: Students: Teaching Assistant: Faculty: Project Directors: PROJECT CREDITS

Jenny Noa,SeniorGrants Coordinator Foundation andGovernment Grants Mori,SeniorDirector,Darryl Automobile Clubof SouthernCalifornia (AAA) Morgan Yates, Corporate Archivist, the Getty Research Institute Josh Gomez, SeniorSoftware Engineerat Los AngelesPublicLibrary for Research andSpecialCollections, Ani Boyadjian, PrincipalLibrarian and Instruction Coordinator LibrarianRachel Julius,Liaison , CirculationAlfonso Huerta Coordinator Cathy Folgate , Assistant Archivist Graduate MediaDesignPractices Anne Burdick, Chair, and ManagingDirector Mario Ascencio, CollegeLibrarian Daniel Yoon, Interaction Design Christine Ye, Interaction Design Greg Palkovics, Interaction Design Pooja Nair,Interaction Design Stacey Jaehee Jang, Interaction Design , Interaction Dasso Corinna Design TszyanCelia Choi,Illustration Derling Chen,Interaction Design Chase Morrison,BS2018 Todd Masilko , Faculty, Interaction Design Practices andInteraction Design , Faculty,Elise Co Graduate MediaDesign Maggie Hendrie,Chair, Interaction Design Dirig,CollegeArchivistRobert

Design: Book Photography: Writing: BOOK CREDITS Sooyeun Kim Chase Morrison Todd Masilko Maggie Hendrie Dirig Robert Elise Co