25 years after the fall of the Wall

Berlin – A success story Facts. Figures. Statistics. Berlin – A success story – Foreword 3

Dear readers,

Since the fall of the Wall in 1989, Berlin has become a dynamic, tolerant, culturally diverse metropolis. Things are looking up for the economy, and the city’s open-minded atmosphere draws talented people from all over the world.

These are good, successful years for Berlin: the city’s economic up- swing is generating jobs, higher wages, and, as a result, better living Contents conditions overall. The foundation of this development is the steady growth of the economy, which has been more dynamic here than Foreword 3 in other regions for years now. In addition, more new businesses are started here than in any other German state. And Berlin itself is Foreword by the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit­ growing: more and more people are moving to our city. That gives Berlin new strength, but it also creates new challenges.

A growing city 4 – 13 The city’s positive development is not a given. We owe it to the many people who are contributing to Berlin’s rise – people who are Population growth · Jobs · Economic growth · Wages­ and ­salaries · Birth rate · Housing construction · shaping the city, moving it forward, and ensuring that Berlin stays ­Non-German ­residents on track for success. At the same time, the economic upswing needs to benefit all Berliners, and that also calls for policymaking that sets the right course. A dynamic city 14 – 21

New businesses · Self-employment · IT start-ups · Excellent education for all, an outstanding location for academics, ­Digital ­economy · Tourism · Exports · Film science, and research, high-quality child care, affordable housing, a unique range of cultural offerings, creative development potential, and a sense of community and solidarity – all of that goes hand in hand in Berlin. We want to preserve what we have and build on it, A responsible city 22 – 27 too, so that even more people can look forward to a brighter future. Debt position · Unemployment rate · Spending and revenue · ­Research and development · Foundations The statistics and comparative figures in this brochure give you some examples of Berlin’s success story over the past decade.

A city of learning and research 28 – 35 Happy reading! Yours, Teachers · Early childhood education · Spending for educa- tion · ­All-day schools · High school graduates with an immigrant ­background · Students · External funding · Women professors

Klaus Wowereit A livable city 36 – 43 Governing Mayor of Berlin

Green Berlin · CO2 reduction · Transportation · Young people · Pur- chasing power · Crime · Sports · Museum visitors 4 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 5

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin’s population Population of Berlin, 1991–2013 is still ­growing? (Reference date: December 31 of each year)

3.50 million

3.45 million

3.40 million

3.35 million

3.30 million

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Net population growth based on older census data Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) Net population growth based on the 2011 census

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that the growth is due mostly to new ­arrivals, but that the number of births – in contrast to the German trend – also outweighs Population growth in Berlin, 1991–2013 the number of deaths? (in absolute numbers)

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

–10,000

–20,000

–30,000

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Net migration Total population growth Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) Natural population growth 6 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 7

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that thousands of jobs are again Change in the number of jobs with full social security coverage in being created in Berlin each year? Berlin, 1993–2013 (in absolute numbers compared to the previous year; reference date: June 30 of each year)

40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

–10,000 –20,000 –30,000 –40,000 –50,000 –60,000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: Federal Employment Agency

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin’s economy is now Change in GDP in Berlin and Germany, 1992–2013 ­experiencing above-average growth? (compared to­ the previous year in percent)

4 %

3 % 2 % 1 %

–1 % –2 % –3 % –4 % –5 %

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Berlin Germany Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) 8 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 9

… that gross wages are rising faster in … that Berlin is a metropolis with ­Berlin than elsewhere? a high ­birthrate?

Rising wages and salaries are another indicator of Berlin’s economic Berlin is a family-friendly city with a birthrate above the German upswing. average.

Increase in gross wages and salaries in Germany from 2005 to 2013 Natural population growth (balance of births and deaths) (by federal state in percent) per 1,000 inhabitants in 2011 by federal state

0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3

Bavaria 30.4 % Berlin 0.5

Berlin 30.2 % Hamburg 0.0

Lower Saxony 27.9 % – 0.8 Baden-Württemberg

Hamburg 28.9 % – 1.5 Bavaria

Germany 25.5 % – 1.5 Hesse

Saxony 25.1 % – 2.3 Germany

Baden-­ 25.0 % – 2.6 North Rhine-Westphalia Württemberg

Hesse 24.7 % – 3.1 Bremen

Rhineland- 24.5 % – 3.1 Lower Saxony Palatinate

Bremen 24.2 % – 3.1 Rhineland-­Palatinate

Brandenburg 23.7 % – 3.4 Schleswig-Holstein

North Rhine- Mecklenburg-­ 23.0 % – 3.6 Westphalia Western ­Pomerania

Thuringia 22.7 % – 3.8 Brandenburg

Schleswig- 21.3 % – 3.9 Saxony Holstein

Saxony-Anhalt 21.1 % – 4.3 Thuringia

Mecklenburg-­ 18.0 % – 5.2 Saarland Western Pomerania

Saarland 16.0 % – 5.8 Saxony-Anhalt

Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) Source: Statistics Offices of the Federal and State Governments 10 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 11

… that more and more apartments are being … that there’s been a new surge in the number built in Berlin? of construction permits issued in Berlin?

A total of 6,641 apartments were built in Berlin in 2013, which was Berlin is growing, which means that it needs more housing. In 2013, 22.6 % more than in 2012. Most of these were in the Pankow, Mitte, construction permits were issued for more than 12,000 apartments and Lichtenberg boroughs. The Berlin Senate has also increased the (a total of 12,518) for the first time since 1999. number of state-owned apartments by almost 20,000 in recent years. Construction permit trends since 1999 Apartments completed in Berlin

6,641 12,518

6,000

10,849

5,417

5,000

4,491 4,321

4,000 3,833 3,815 3,718 3,536 7,358 3,126 3,000

4,889 5,603

2,000 4,511

3,134 3,224 1,000

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013

Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 12 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 13

… that people from more than 180 different … that thousands of people in Berlin become countries live in Berlin? German citizens each year?

Berlin is diverse, with people from almost every country in the world The number of naturalizations is an indicator of successful integration. living here. Almost three-fourths of them are Europeans. 14.1 % of By becoming German citizens, people gain the full range of citizenship Berlin’s population does not have German citizenship. rights and privileges, including the right to vote and eligibility for political office. Foreign nationals in Berlin in 2013 by continent and selected nationalities­ Naturalizations in Berlin, 2009–2013

7,000 6,959 6,000 6,674 6,309 6,398 5,000 5,537 4,000 3,000 Europe 395,467 2,000 Asia 76,814 1,000 America 30,388

Africa 21,465 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Undeclared/ ­ Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office stateless 11,462 Australia and … that Berlin’s public service sector is becoming Oceania­ 3,133 more international, too?

At 20.5 % in 2013, more than one out of five trainees in Berlin’s pub- lic service sector and state-owned companies now has an immigrant ­background.

Europe: Percentage of trainees with an immigrant background in Berlin’s European Union public service sector (in percent) Poland 51,084 Italy 22,693 20 % 20.5 % France 16,806 18.4 % 15 % 17.5 %

Elsewhere in Europe: 10 %

Turkey 99,558 8.7 % 5 % Serbia 19,137 Russian Federation 18,982 0 % 2006 2011 2012 2013

Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Source: Senate Department for Labour, Integration and Women’s Issues 14 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 15

… that Berlin is extremely attractive to new … that Berlin has Germany’s highest percentage companies and companies looking for new of self-employed people? locations?­ Berlin has many different specialists available to help people thinking The number of jobs created by companies new to Berlin remains high. about self-employment. Services range from a hotline for potential In 2013, new companies created 5,506 new jobs in Berlin. start-ups to “one-stop agencies” and the business consulting services of the individual Borough Offices. Growth in the number of jobs with full social security coverage from 2004 to 2013 The self-employed share of total employment (in percent) in 2013

6,938 5,909 5,506 5,245 5,313 0 % 3 % 6 % 9 % 12 % 4,750 4,540 3,326 Berlin 13.6 % 2,020 1,549 Brandenburg 12.6 % 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Schleswig- Source: Berlin Partner 12.2 % Holstein

Bavaria 11.8 %

… that Berlin is Germany’s start-up capital? Saxony 11.5 %

Relatively speaking, more new businesses are started in Berlin than Thuringia 11.1 % in any other German state. The capital city offers ideal conditions for North Rhine- 10.8 % start-ups, outdoing Hamburg, Hesse, and Bremen. Westphalia

Hamburg 10.7 % New businesses started in 2013 (per 10,000 residents) Germany 10.7 % 0 30 60 90 120 Berlin 121 Hesse 10.6 % Hamburg 111 Hesse 96 Bremen 84 Lower Saxony 10.4 % Bavaria 81 Mecklenburg-­ Schleswig-Holstein 10.2 % 78 Western Pomerania Germany 76 Baden- Rhineland-Palatinate 75 10.1 % Württemberg North Rhine-Westphalia 75 North Rhine- Baden-Württemberg 70 9.7 % Lower Saxony 65 Westphalia Saxony 62 Saxony-Anhalt 9.2 % Saarland 60 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 58 Bremen 8.5 % Brandenburg 57 Thuringia 52 Saxony-Anhalt 46 Saarland 8.4 %

Source: Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research Source: Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research 16 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 17

… that Berlin leads the country in IT start-ups? … that Berlin has Germany’s largest digital economy workforce? Berlin is a key location for information and communications technolo- gies. Our assets include highly skilled workers, networking opportuni- In 2012, Berlin had 12,292 more people working in the core sector of ties, and synergies with the creative sector and Berlin’s universities. the digital economy than in 2008. That explains the remarkable number of Internet-related young com- panies in Berlin and their growing financial clout. Change (in percent) in the number of employees in the core sector of the digital economy from 2008 to 2012 Venture capital invested in IT and Internet start-ups (in millions of euros) by state 2013 0 % 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 2012

136.2 Berlin 123.4 Berlin 48.7 % 45.7 Bavaria 34.2

13.3 Hamburg 15.0 Frankfurt a. M. 44.1 %

North Rhine- 12.1 Westphalia 12.5

9.4 Brandenburg Munich 43.8 % 2.8

Baden-­ 8.6 Württemberg 23.7

3.0 Dresden 37.1 % Lower Saxony 1.4

2.9 Hesse 1.3 Düsseldorf 34.7 % 2.3 Thuringia 1.8

2.2 Saxony-Anhalt 9.4 Cologne 33.5 % 1.4 Saxony 2.4

Schleswig- 1.1 Hamburg 25.2 % Holstein 0.8

Rhineland-­ 0.4 Palatinate 1.0

Mecklenburg-­ 0.0 Dortmund 1.7 % Western Pomerania 0.4

0.0 Saarland 0.3 – 0.3 % Stuttgart 0.0 Bremen 0.0

Source: BITKOM Source: Federal Employment Agency, Investitionsbank Berlin (IBB) 18 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 19

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin attracts more Number of overnight stays and visitors to Berlin from tourists­ every year? ­Germany and abroad, 1992–2013

25 million

20 million

15 million

10 million

5 million

0 million

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Visitors from Germany Visitors from abroad Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Overnight stays

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that products “made in Berlin” are Export turnover in euros and export share of manufacturing back in demand all over the world? in Berlin, 1991–2013

€ 12.5 billion 50 %

€ 10.0 billion 40 %

€ 7.5 billion 30 %

€ 5.0 billion 20 %

€ 2.5 billion 10 %

€ 0 billion 0 %

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Export share of manufacturing in percent

Export turnover for manufacturing in euros Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office, in-house calculations 20 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 21

… that Berlin exports its products to almost … that Berlin is Germany’s number one every corner of the world? film ­location?

Products from Berlin are popular and in demand worldwide. Berlin’s Filmmakers from Germany and abroad love Berlin-Brandenburg and largest export markets include the United States, Russia, and France, are making the capital region the country’s most popular shooting as well as countries like Saudi Arabia and China. location for German and international films. Award-winning films like “Oh, Boy!,” “Amour,” and “Fack ju Göhte” and superstars from George Exports from Berlin in 2012 by major trading partners in millions of euros Clooney to Cate Blanchett to Wes Anderson lend the city glitter and 0 300 600 900 1,200 glamour. The run on Germany’s film capital is unabated. USA 1,434 Russia 813 France 772 Shooting days in the region, 2005–2013 Saudi Arabia 698 China 658 2,573 Poland 635 2,500 United Kingdom 530 Czech Republic 522 Switzerland 519 2,298 Netherlands 453 Italy 443 Austria 430 Japan 379 Spain 333 2,000

Source: Federal Statistics Office 1,753

… that machinery is Berlin’s leading export?

In 2012 Berlin exported goods with a total value of around € 13.59 1,500 billion. The year before that it was € 12.99 billion. The list below shows the product categories exported most often. 1,367 Berlin’s exports in 2012 in selected product categories in ­millions of euros 0 1,000 2,000 Machinery 2,331 1,000 Electrical equipment 1,786 Data processing equipment* 1,492 Pharmaceuticals and similar products 1,347 Other products 1,114 Other vehicles 1,069 752 Food and animal feed 995 Tobacco products 916 Automobiles and auto parts 714 500 Chemical products 409 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: Federal Statistics Office * Electrical and optical products Source: Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg 22 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city 23

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin has stopped taking Berlin’s debt position (in euros), on new loans and is even managing to pay down ­1991–2013 (not including ­ extra ­ budgets)­ its debt?

€ 70 billion

€ 60 billion

€ 50 billion

€ 40 billion

€ 30 billion

€ 20 billion

€ 10 billion

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: ZDL (Central data office of the state finance ministries): Debt position of Germany’s states (the years before 2010 calculated on the basis of a new classification scheme); Senate Department for Finance

25 years after the fall of the Wall … that unemployment in Berlin has Unemployment rate in Berlin, 1994–2013 (as a percentage of the steadily declined for a decade now? non-military workforce; annual average)

20 % 19.0 18.1 17.5 16.9 16.1 16.1 17.7 15.6 15.9 15.8 15.5 15 % 14.0 13.6 13.3 12.4 12.1 13.8 13.8 12.3 11.7

10 %

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: Federal Employment Agency 24 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city 25

… that Berlin has a balanced budget?

Berlin has a structurally balanced budget, which means that in normal economic times, the budget is funded without new debt. A limit on public borrowing has been incorporated into the Basic Law, Germany’s constitution, mandating that this financial policy goal be realized by 2020 at the latest. Berlin has met this requirement since 2012.

Adjusted expenditures and adjusted revenues in euros (up to and including 2013: actual figures; 2014 + 2015: according to budget)

23.29 22.99 € 23 billion 22.75 22.57 22.57 23.07 22.91 € 22 billion 21.84 21.91 21.67 22.27 21.07 21.89 21.04 € 21 billion 20.80 20.68 20.54 20.47 20.52 20.86 20.79 € 20 billion 20.71 20.26

19.60 € 19 billion

€ 18 billion 18.72

Economic crisis € 17 billion 17.57 17.31 17.34

€ 16 billion 16.20 16.26

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Total revenues (adjusted revenues) Financing deficit Total expenditures (adjusted expenditures) Financing surplus (= debt repayment)

Source: Senate Department for Finance 26 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city 27

… that Berlin invests a lot of money in research … that the number of foundations in Berlin and development? is growing?

Research here is concentrated on biotechnology, medical technology, The number of foundations in Berlin continues to rise, having doubled optics, information and communications technology/media/creative in the last ten years. The Senate introduced simplified and accelerated industries, transportation engineering, energy, and the environment. At procedures to help foundations get started. 3.56 % of GDP, Berlin ranks second in Germany in spending on this area. Number of foundations in Berlin (in absolute numbers) Spending on research and development (in percent of GDP) ­compared to other federal states, 2011 800 822 792 0 % 1 % 2 % 3 % 4 % 5 % 760

Baden- 725 5.08 % 700 Württemberg

Berlin 3.56 %

Bavaria 3.16 % 600

Hesse 3.02 %

Saxony 2.92 % 500 Germany 2.91 % 499

Lower Saxony 2.88 %

Bremen 2.79 % 400 389 Hamburg 2.24 %

Thuringia 2.23 % 300 Mecklenburg- 2.09 % Western Pomerania Rhineland- 2.07 % Palatinate 200 North Rhine- 2.02 % Westphalia

Brandenburg 1.69 %

100 Saxony-Anhalt 1.49 %

Saarland 1.49 %

Schleswig- 1.43 % Holstein 0 2001 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: Federal Statistics Office Source: Senate Department for Justice and Consumer Protection 28 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research 29

… that Berlin is hiring more and more teachers? … that education in Berlin starts well before the first day of school? The number of school-age children in Berlin rose in 2013 for the first time since 1997, with 3,800 more children in state-funded schools Berlin’s nursery schools are educational facilities where children learn alone. Berlin is hiring to meet this need: in 2012 and 2013, the city together in a relaxed and playful setting. 43.7 % of the children in hired around 2,700 additional teachers, and in 2014 it will be an- Berlin under age three are enrolled in a nursery school, which not only other 2,000. promotes their own development, but makes Berlin a city in which work-family balance is part of everyday life. Teachers hired for Berlin schools, 2003–2013 ­(figure for 2013 based on preliminary data) Percentage of children under age three enrolled in a nursery school

0 500 1,000 1,500 43.7 % 38.4 % 31.4 % 31.1 % 2013 1,600 23.2 % 13.0 % 2012 1,119 Berlin Hamburg Stuttgart Frankfurt Bremen Duisburg a. M. Source: Federal Statistics Office 2011 1,600

2010 1,100 … how many new nursery school places are ­being added in Berlin? 2009 447 Berlin prioritizes early childhood education and learning. In 2011, the Senate made nursery schools in Berlin free for the last three years 2008 715 before a child starts school, and more and more parents are taking advantage of this opportunity. 2007 479 Places in nursery schools and day care

2006 621 Total: 107,379 111,122 115,929 119,762 123,272 127,683 132,678 138,591

94,701 2005 572 85,326 88,280 77,874 79,518 82,077 72,310 76,421

2004 251 42,357 44,398 43,890 35,069 34,701 38,055 40,244 41,195

2003 109 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Birth to age 2 Age 3 to age 5

Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science 30 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research 31

… that Berlin invests a lot of money in education? … that one in two children in Berlin attends an all-day school? A comparison of Germany’s states shows that Berlin is concentrating resources on good schools and thereby investing in the city’s future. Berlin is continuing to expand all-day instruction and supervision for We believe that despite budgetary rigor, it’s possible to set clear politi- children. Of the approximately 146,400 children enrolled in school cal priorities. in 2012/2013, more than half (53.1 %) attended an all-day school. That puts Berlin well above the German average of 32.3 %. By way of Spending on education per capita (in euros) comparison, only 21 % of Berlin’s school-age children were enrolled in all-day schools ten years ago. € 0 € 500 € 1,000 € 1,500

Percentage of children enrolled in all-day schools Hamburg € 1,528

Berlin € 1,514 55 % 53.1

Hesse € 1,512

Bremen € 1,377 48.0

North Rhine- € 1,375 Westphalia 45 % Rhineland-­ € 1,288 Palatinate

Baden- 43.5 € 1,357 Württemberg 38.5

Bavaria € 1,346

Lower Saxony € 1,249 35 %

Saxony € 1,319

Thuringia € 1,271

Saxony-Anhalt € 1,264 25 % Mecklenburg-­ € 1,250 Western Pomerania 23.6 Saarland € 1,143 21.9 Schleswig- € 1,081 Holstein

Brandenburg € 1,081 15 % 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Source: Federal Statistics Office Source: Bertelsmann Stiftung 32 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research 33

… that more and more high school students … that Berlin is Germany’s most popular with an immigrant background are taking the university­ city? university entrance exam in Berlin? Berlin educates many more college students than those who are More and more young Berliners with an immigrant background are actually from Berlin. Students from all over Germany come to Berlin earning higher school-leaving qualifications, which entitles them to to attend its colleges and universities. A total of 165,923 students attend college. The number of these students has risen significantly were enrolled in Berlin’s 42 institutions of higher education in the since 2007. 2013/2014 winter semester.

Number of students with a non-German-speaking background who Net migration of students by state in the 2012/2013 winter semester have qualified to attend college (in percent) –50,000 –40,000 –30,000 –20,000 –10,000 0 10,000 20,000

35 % Berlin 29,071 34.0 Hamburg 28,443

North Rhine-Westphalia 26,401

Saxony 13,487 30 % Bremen 9,863

Hesse 4,278

Rhineland-Palatinate 4,265

25.7 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 580 25 %

– 463 Saxony-Anhalt 23.6

– 2,560 Thuringia 23.2 – 6,051 Saarland 21.5 20 % – 7,858 Bavaria

– 13,807 Schleswig-Holstein

18.0 – 14,081 Brandenburg

– 20,810 Baden-Württemberg

15 % – 50,758 Lower Saxony 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science Source: Federal Statistics Office 34 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research 35

… that Berlin’s universities have been very … that Berlin has the country’s highest share ­successful at attracting external funding? of women professors?

In a comparison of Germany’s states, Berlin’s universities rank second Berlin has a higher percentage of women faculty than any other Ger- in attracting external funding.1 The amount of external funding man state. And Berlin also outnumbers most of Germany’s other awarded is an indicator of faculty’s ability to acquire research funding states with its total of 3,125 professors overall (both men and women). and of the quality of the research being done. Women are especially well represented in entrance-level professor- ships (56.9 %) and professorships in the next highest category (36.6 %). External funding per university professor in 2011: All of each state’s universities (including colleges of administration) Percentage of women professors in 2012

€ 0 € 50,000 € 100,000 € 150,000 € 200,000 0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 %

Saxony € 210,190 Berlin 30.3 %

Berlin € 204,090 Bremen 24.4 %

Bremen € 193,790 Lower Saxony 24.3 %

Saarland € 184,480 Hamburg 24.2 % Baden-­ € 171,920 Württemberg Brandenburg 22.6 % Lower Saxony € 166,960 Hesse 21.9 % Bavaria € 162,290 North Rhine- 20.7 % Westphalia Germany € 159,270 Rhineland- North Rhine- 19.4 % € 156,550 Palatinate Westphalia Saarland 19.2 % Hamburg € 148,070

Schleswig- € 139,770 Sachsen-Anhalt 18.4 % Holstein

Hesse € 135,670 Saxony 18.3 %

Baden-­ Thuringia € 134,150 18.1 % Württemberg Brandenburg € 133,550 Bavaria 16.7 % Mecklenburg-­ € 114,140 Western Pomerania Thuringia 16.4 % Sachsen- € 110,160 Anhalt Mecklenburg-­ 16.1 % Western Pomerania Rhineland- € 95,080 Palatinate Schleswig- 15.8 % Holstein

1 External funding comes from sources other than the university’s regular budget.

Source: Federal Statistics Office Source: Federal Statistics Office 36 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city 37

… that Berlin is a city in close touch … that Berlin is a leader in with nature? CO2 reduction?

Berlin is Germany’s greenest major city. Recreation areas, forests, Thanks to Berlin’s air pollution control program, we are seeing

rivers, lakes, and canals make up more than 30 % of its territory. constant improvement in our air quality. With per capita CO2 Neukölln has more green spaces than any other borough, with just emissions of 5.9 tons, Berlin is an environmentally friendly city. We under 20 % of its area devoted to parks and meadows for sports and have managed to reduce our emissions by 32.6 % since 1990. relaxation.

CO2 emissions from end-use energy consumption in Berlin City area according to use as of December 31, 2013 (Reference: 1990 = 100)

100 12.0 % 6.7 %

4.4 % 1.6 % 14.9 % 0.6 % 92.5

90

87.2

85

80 18.3 % 41.5 %

76.2

74.7

70.8 Buildings and Lakes and waterways 70 69.1 ­associated open space 6.7 % 68.8 41.5 % 68 Agriculture 67.4 Woodland 4.4 % 18.3 % Other uses Transportation 1.6 % 14.9 % Industry 60 Recreation 0.6 % 12.0 % 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office, Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office ­Senate ­Department for ­Urban ­Development and the Environment 38 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city 39

… that cars play a much smaller role in Berlin … that Berlin has a very efficient public than in other major German cities? transportation­ system?

Berlin is the city with the fewest cars per capita, thanks in part to 3.62 million passenger trips a day are taken on Berlin-Brandenburg’s the city’s dense public transportation network and its many bicycle public transportation system, which amounts to more than 1.3 bil- paths and sidewalks. Berlin is also one of Germany’s “electric mobility lion trips a year. Here in Berlin, passengers have 15 suburban rail showcases.” The number of electric vehicles in the city will only lines, 10 subway lines, 24 tram lines, 6 ferries, and 162 bus lines to continue to grow in the coming years. choose from.

Number of cars per 1,000 inhabitants as of January 1, 2014 Total route length in kilometers in 2013

0 km 5,000 km 10,000 km 15,000 km 20,000 km 25,000 km 600

565 Bus 27,687 km 500

486

457

428 400 424

Suburban rail 556 km

342 300

200 Tram 504 km

100

Subway 146 km 0 Munich Hannover Magdeburg Hamburg Potsdam Berlin

Source: Federal Motor Transport Authority Source: Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB), BVG 40 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city 41

… that Berlin is one of the world’s most … that you get more for your money in Berlin ­appealing cities for young people? than in many other cities?

The YouthfulCities 2014 Index analyzed 25 cities around the world Berlin looks good when it comes to the relationship between wages to find out which of them offers young people the best living condi- and prices. Although wages and salaries are, on average, lower than tions. Berlin ranked second, ahead of New York, in this worldwide in other cities, prices are considerably lower, too. That means that the comparison and came out first among European cities – far ahead average Berliner can make his or her salary go further than people in of Paris and London. many other major cities.

Overall scores of the top ten cities in the YouthfulCities 2014 Index Purchasing power in comparison to average wages per employee in 2012 (Reference: Zurich = 100)

600 650 700 750 800 0 20 40 60 80 100 Zurich 100

Toronto 843.85 New York 90.4

Berlin 74.2

Berlin 836.44 Tokyo 73.2 Munich 69.7

Frankfurt a. M. 68.8 New York 831.98 London 66.1

Paris 58.9 Dallas 784.06 Source: UBS AG

Paris 775.25 … that Berlin is an even safer city now?

Chicago 774.53 The total number of robberies in the city continues to decline. In addi- tion, 1.5 % more robberies were solved in 2013.

London 762.40 Total number of robberies

Los Angeles 754.39 6,000 6,461 6,419 6,222

4,000 Tokyo 735.91 2,000

Seoul 723.59 0

2008 2012 2013

Source: www.youthfulcities.com Source: Police Crime Statistics (PKS), Berlin 42 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city 43

… that Berlin leads the country in … that Berlin’s museums are drawing record sporting­ events? numbers of visitors?

In 2012, a total of 40,987 runners started the Berlin Marathon. Taking Statistics underscore the popularity of Berlin’s museums. A total of that into account, it’s not surprising that the capital ranks first in 17,200,115 people visited Berlin’s museums, memorial sites, and sporting events. Lots of fans are regulars at Hertha BSC football exhibition venues in 2012, which means that the number of museum games, Alba Berlin basketball games, Füchse Berlin handball games, visits has more than doubled since 1994. In 2012, 375 exhibitions and Berliner Eisbären ice hockey games. In volleyball, water polo, and were shown in museums and memorial sites alone and another 242 in field hockey, too, Berlin’s First and Second Division teams are doing exhibition venues, for a total of 617. very well. Museum visits in Berlin (in millions) The most successful cities for sporting events (Points awarded in the HWWI ranking) 20 million

0 20 40 60 80

Berlin 84.1 17.20

15.79 Cologne 80.4 15 million 14.97

Hamburg 78.6 13.34

Munich 53.5

10 million

Düsseldorf 48.2 9.12 5.72

Frankfurt a. M. 46.6

Stuttgart 27.9 5 million

Gelsenkirchen 22.2

Bremen 21.9

0 million 1994 2000 2009 2010 2011 2012

Source: Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI) Source: Senate Chancellery – Cultural Affairs Published by: Press and ­Information ­Office of the Federal State of Berlin © ­Summer 2014, new and expanded edition

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