25 YEARS AFTER THE FALL OF THE WALL Berlin – A success story Facts. Figures. Statistics. Berlin – A success story – Foreword 3 Dear readers, Since the fall of the Wall in 1989, Berlin has become a dynamic, tolerant, culturally diverse metropolis. Things are looking up for the economy, and the city’s open-minded atmosphere draws talented people from all over the world. These are good, successful years for Berlin: the city’s economic up- swing is generating jobs, higher wages, and, as a result, better living Contents conditions overall. The foundation of this development is the steady growth of the economy, which has been more dynamic here than Foreword 3 in other regions for years now. In addition, more new businesses are started here than in any other German state. And Berlin itself is Foreword by the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit growing: more and more people are moving to our city. That gives Berlin new strength, but it also creates new challenges. A growing city 4 – 13 The city’s positive development is not a given. We owe it to the many people who are contributing to Berlin’s rise – people who are Population growth · Jobs · Economic growth · Wages and salaries · Birth rate · Housing construction · shaping the city, moving it forward, and ensuring that Berlin stays Non-German residents on track for success. At the same time, the economic upswing needs to benefit all Berliners, and that also calls for policymaking that sets the right course. A dynamic city 14 – 21 New businesses · Self-employment · IT start-ups · Excellent education for all, an outstanding location for academics, Digital economy · Tourism · Exports · Film science, and research, high-quality child care, affordable housing, a unique range of cultural offerings, creative development potential, and a sense of community and solidarity – all of that goes hand in hand in Berlin. We want to preserve what we have and build on it, A responsible city 22 – 27 too, so that even more people can look forward to a brighter future. Debt position · Unemployment rate · Spending and revenue · Research and development · Foundations The statistics and comparative figures in this brochure give you some examples of Berlin’s success story over the past decade. A city of learning and research 28 – 35 Happy reading! Yours, Teachers · Early childhood education · Spending for educa- tion · All-day schools · High school graduates with an immigrant background · Students · External funding · Women professors Klaus Wowereit A livable city 36 – 43 Governing Mayor of Berlin Green Berlin · CO2 reduction · Transportation · Young people · Pur- chasing power · Crime · Sports · Museum visitors 4 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 5 25 YEARS AFTER THE FALL OF THE WALL … that Berlin’s population Population of Berlin, 1991–2013 is still growing? (Reference date: December 31 of each year) 3.50 million 3.45 million 3.40 million 3.35 million 3.30 million 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Net population growth based on older census data Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) Net population growth based on the 2011 census 25 YEARS AFTER THE FALL OF THE WALL … that the growth is due mostly to new arrivals, but that the number of births – in contrast to the German trend – also outweighs Population growth in Berlin, 1991–2013 the number of deaths? (in absolute numbers) 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 –10,000 –20,000 –30,000 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Net migration Total population growth Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) Natural population growth 6 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 7 25 YEARS AFTER THE FALL OF THE WALL … that thousands of jobs are again Change in the number of jobs with full social security coverage in being created in Berlin each year? Berlin, 1993–2013 (in absolute numbers compared to the previous year; reference date: June 30 of each year) 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 –10,000 –20,000 –30,000 –40,000 –50,000 –60,000 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: Federal Employment Agency 25 YEARS AFTER THE FALL OF THE WALL … that Berlin’s economy is now Change in GDP in Berlin and Germany, 1992–2013 experiencing above-average growth? ( compared to the previous year in percent) 4 % 3 % 2 % 1 % –1 % –2 % –3 % –4 % –5 % 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Berlin Germany Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) 8 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 9 … that gross wages are rising faster in … that Berlin is a metropolis with Berlin than elsewhere? a high birthrate? Rising wages and salaries are another indicator of Berlin’s economic Berlin is a family-friendly city with a birthrate above the German upswing. average. Increase in gross wages and salaries in Germany from 2005 to 2013 Natural population growth (balance of births and deaths) (by federal state in percent) per 1,000 inhabitants in 2011 by federal state 0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 Bavaria 30.4 % Berlin 0.5 Berlin 30.2 % Hamburg 0.0 Lower Saxony 27.9 % – 0.8 Baden-Württemberg Hamburg 28.9 % – 1.5 Bavaria Germany 25.5 % – 1.5 Hesse Saxony 25.1 % – 2.3 Germany Baden- 25.0 % – 2.6 North Rhine-Westphalia Württemberg Hesse 24.7 % – 3.1 Bremen Rhineland- 24.5 % – 3.1 Lower Saxony Palatinate Bremen 24.2 % – 3.1 Rhineland- Palatinate Brandenburg 23.7 % – 3.4 Schleswig-Holstein North Rhine- Mecklenburg- 23.0 % – 3.6 Westphalia Western Pomerania Thuringia 22.7 % – 3.8 Brandenburg Schleswig- 21.3 % – 3.9 Saxony Holstein Saxony-Anhalt 21.1 % – 4.3 Thuringia Mecklenburg- 18.0 % – 5.2 Saarland Western Pomerania Saarland 16.0 % – 5.8 Saxony-Anhalt Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) Source: Statistics Offices of the Federal and State Governments 10 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 11 … that more and more apartments are being … that there’s been a new surge in the number built in Berlin? of construction permits issued in Berlin? A total of 6,641 apartments were built in Berlin in 2013, which was Berlin is growing, which means that it needs more housing. In 2013, 22.6 % more than in 2012. Most of these were in the Pankow, Mitte, construction permits were issued for more than 12,000 apartments and Lichtenberg boroughs. The Berlin Senate has also increased the (a total of 12,518) for the first time since 1999. number of state-owned apartments by almost 20,000 in recent years. Construction permit trends since 1999 Apartments completed in Berlin 6,641 12,518 6,000 10,849 5,417 5,000 4,491 4,321 4,000 3,833 3,815 3,718 3,536 7,358 3,126 3,000 4,889 5,603 2,000 4,511 3,134 3,224 1,000 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 12 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 13 … that people from more than 180 different … that thousands of people in Berlin become countries live in Berlin? German citizens each year? Berlin is diverse, with people from almost every country in the world The number of naturalizations is an indicator of successful integration. living here. Almost three-fourths of them are Europeans. 14.1 % of By becoming German citizens, people gain the full range of citizenship Berlin’s population does not have German citizenship. rights and privileges, including the right to vote and eligibility for political office. Foreign nationals in Berlin in 2013 by continent and selected nationalities Naturalizations in Berlin, 2009–2013 7,000 6,959 6,000 6,674 6,309 6,398 5,000 5,537 4,000 3,000 Europe 395,467 2,000 Asia 76,814 1,000 America 30,388 Africa 21,465 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Undeclared/ Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office stateless 11,462 Australia and … that Berlin’s public service sector is becoming Oceania 3,133 more international, too? At 20.5 % in 2013, more than one out of five trainees in Berlin’s pub- lic service sector and state-owned companies now has an immigrant background. Europe: Percentage of trainees with an immigrant background in Berlin’s European Union public service sector (in percent) Poland 51,084 Italy 22,693 20 % 20.5 % France 16,806 18.4 % 15 % 17.5 % Elsewhere in Europe: 10 % Turkey 99,558 8.7 % 5 % Serbia 19,137 Russian Federation 18,982 0 % 2006 2011 2012 2013 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Source: Senate Department for Labour, Integration and Women’s Issues 14 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 15 … that Berlin is extremely attractive to new … that Berlin has Germany’s highest percentage companies and companies looking for new of self-employed people? locations? Berlin has many different specialists available to help people thinking The number of jobs created by companies new to Berlin remains high.