BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
EUBCE | 1 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
EUBCE | 2 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
EUBCE | 3 BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
List of contents
BIOMASS CULTIVATION ...... 8 BUGGYPOWER GESTÃO E PRODUCÃO DE BIOMASSA LDA. (PT) BUGGYPOWER S.L. (ES) (2021 Submission) ...... 9 Camelina Company España S.L. (2021 Submission) ...... 11
BIOENERGY ...... 13 - Biological Conversion ...... 14 • Anaerobic digestion ...... 15 Aqualia (2021 Submission) ...... 16 PlanET Biogas Group (2021 Submission) ...... 18 Praj Industries Ltd (2021 Update) ...... 20 • Enzymatic Hydrolysis & Fermentation ...... 23 AXENS (2021 Update) ...... 24 CLARIANT (2021 Update) ...... 26 Leaf – Lesaffre (2021 Update) ...... 29 NovelYeast bv (2021 Update) ...... 31 Praj Industries Ltd (2021 Update) ...... 33 Tsinghua University (2021 Submission) ...... 37 Valmet (2021 Update) ...... 39 BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION (2021 Submission) ...... 41 BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION (2020 Submission) ...... 42 BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION (2020 Submission) ...... 43 Chempolis (2020 Submission) ...... 44 DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences (2020 Submission) ...... 45 DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences (2020 Submission) ...... 47 Indian Oil Corporation (2020 Submission) ...... 48 Novozymes (2020 Submission) ...... 50 RE-CORD (2020 Submission) ...... 52 Versalis (2020 Submission) ...... 53
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-- Thermochemical Conversion...... 55 • Gasification ...... 56 :: Small Scale ...... 57 ReGaWatt GmbH (2021 Submission) ...... 58 Windhager Zentralheizung GmbH (2021 Submission.)...... 60 :: Large Scale ...... 62 ANDRITZ (2021 Submission) ...... 63 AXENS (2021 Submission) ...... 65 Skive Fjernvarme a.m.b.a. (2021 Submission) ...... 67 ThermoChem Recovery International (2021 Update) ...... 69 Valmet Technologies (2021 Submission) ...... 71 Velocys (2021 Update) ...... 72 • Pyrolysis ...... 74 BTG Bioliquids (2021 Update) ...... 75 Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Update) ...... 77 Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission) ...... 79 Alchemy Enersol International (2020 Submission) ...... 81 AXENS (2021 Submission) ...... 83 CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (2020 Submission) ...... 85 Honeywell UOP (2020 Submission) ...... 87 LanzaTech (2021 Update) ...... 89 Politecnico di Torino (2021 Submission) ...... 92 RE-CORD (2020 Submission) ...... 95 Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission) ...... 97 Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission) ...... 99 Shell International (2020 Submission) ...... 101 Swedish Biofuels (2020 Submission) ...... 103 Tomalgae C.V.B.A. (2021 Submission) ...... 104
EUBCE | 6 BIOPRODUCTS ...... 105 • Biomaterials ...... 106 CHAPLIN (2021 Submission) ...... 107 Valmet (2021 Submission) ...... 109 • Nutraceutical and cosmetics...... 111 BUGGYPOWER’S MARINE MICROALGAE-BASED PRODUCTS (2018-2021) (2021 Submission) ...... 112 CARBON CAPTURE & UTILISATION ...... 115 Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions (2021 Update) ...... 116 LanzaTech (2020 Submission) ...... 118 Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission) ...... 120
EUBCE | 7 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
BIOMASS CULTIVATION
EUBCE | 6 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES BUGGYPOWER GESTÃO E PRODUCÃO DE BIOMASSA LDA. (PT) - BUGGYPOWER S.L. (ES) (2021 Submission)
Technology area Algae & algal products
Technology Developed Buggypower (BGP) has developed and patented a proprietary technology that enables the production of ultrapure marine microalgae on an industrial scale under good economic criteria.
The BGP technology is highly sustainable, able to capture and use CO2 (CCU) from flue gases streams, with the minimum use of natural resources (freshwater) and emissions to the outside environment. The core BGP patented technology is the airlift photobioreactors (ALP) units, based on vertical column closed photobioreactors (PBRs) of 8.00 m high. These ALP units are compact, cost- competitive, and easy to operate in phototrophic conditions. Inside of them, a homogeneous flow pattern of air bubbles is produced, moving cells from dark to light zones and promoting a
continuous cleaning of the PBRs walls, with good mass transfer of CO2 and liquid circulation at the same time, thereby increasing biomass productivity at a relatively low power input. The PBRs of the ALP units are assembled in several linear arrays with an adequate layout to maximize the sunlight capture and the areal productivity of biomass, but also benefiting of engineered light control solutions to regulate the light intensity of full sunlight to avoid photoinhibition and the undesirable heat gain in the microalgae culture inside them. Only this combination allows an economic and continuous production process 365 days per year, increasing the return-on-investment. Therefore, the BGP patented microalgae production technology is able to: (I) control microalgae cultivation conditions; (II) minimize crop contamination and predation; (III) promote the efficient
provision of light and CO2; (IV) allow a high-efficiency of resource use (water, CO2, nutrients, etc.) with minimum emission of pollutants to the outside environment; (V) minimize space requirements; and (VI) reduce capital and production costs.
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Table
Feedstock Type PP, Start-up Product Hours in Plant name Status Biomass type capacity By product DP or CP Year tonnes/yr operation tonnes/yr BGP Porto Santo Marine 15-20 tn/yr dry- 15-20 tn/yr dry- 28.800 Production Unit CP In Operation 2018 microalgae N/A weight weight (approx.) (UP-PXO) (3 strains) BGP Gran Canaria Marine 250-255 tn/yr 250-255 tn/yr Production Unit CP Stand-by N/A microalgae N/A N/A dry-weight dry-weight (UP-LPA) (3 strains)
Contact
Manuel Tárraga, Bussiness Dev. Director [email protected]
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Camelina Company España S.L. (2021 Submission)
Technology area Non-food crop cultivation
Technology Developed Catch crops are grown in unused arable land which would have otherwise been left fallow, between successive main crops. This way, replacing a fallow land period with a catch crop provides farmers with a new harvest and additional income. Additionally, catch crops also provide agronomic and environmental benefits, helping avoiding erosion, capturing nutrients, improving soil structure & benefiting biodiversity.
The Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) defined “intermediate crops, such as catch crops and cover crops, provided that the use of such intermediate crops does not trigger demand for additional land” as excluded from food and feed crops category which are capped to 7%. Intermediate crops are currently under evaluation to be included within RED II Annex IX for advanced biofuels.
Camelina is a unique, resilient, oilseed crop from the Brassicaceae family, typically requiring low inputs, with modest nitrogen fertilization, little herbicides and usually no pesticide nor fungicide applications. Additionally, camelina has the necessary key characteristics to make it an ideal intermediate crop solution in farmer’s rotation:
i) quick soil cover with allelopathic effect, which allows for good weed competition; ii) good water efficiency, especially for low rainfall conditions; iii) excellent choice to avoid nitrogen leaching; iv) better tolerance to pests than other crucifers; v) camelina root system improving soil structure; vi) melliferous species, providing a source of nectar and pollen to bees at a critical moment of the year.
Camelina cultivation can be performed with existing farmer cereal machinery, from sowing to harvest. Camelina harvest can be fully processed leveraging on existing agricultural and crushing infrastructure for major oilseeds, such as rapeseed or sunflower.
Additionally, camelina cultivation also enables a zero-waste production system. A camelina farmer produces camelina grain, husks and straw. Camelina husks main destination is the animal feed industry, due to its high fiber content (~35%), typically employed as raw material in
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES animal feed. The recommendation for camelina straw management is chopping the straw after harvest, to increase the soil’s organic matter content. Alternatively, camelina straw is an interesting feedstock for energy applications -as it has higher levels of fibre and lignin and lower ash content than cereal straw-, especially in boilers. Camelina meal, produced at the crushing facility as a solid by-product of the oil extraction process, is a remarkably interesting raw material for animal feed. Camelina meal protein content can exceed 40%, with approximately 2% fat content, situated between rapeseed meal (~33%) and soybean meal (~47%). In addition, the protein quality is high, as it shows similar digestibility to rapeseed meal for limiting aminoacids such as lysine and methionine. Animal feeding trials performed by Camelina Company show that camelina meal can be safely introduced at ~10% in broiler, laying hens, swine and cattle diets.
One of camelina’s main differentiating characteristics as an oilseed crop is its precocity, allowing for varying crop cycles: Camelina Company has developed varieties as short as 80 to 90 days from sowing to harvest. Based on such plasticity, camelina can be sustainably introduced in different farmer rotations as an intermediate or catch crop to produce sustainable camelina oil for advanced biofuels with high Green House Gas emission savings (exceeding 80%).
Camelina Company’s estimations indicate there are ~5-10 million hectares of available land for camelina production in Central Europe as a summer catch crop, after winter cereals/legumes. Similar or higher acreage (~5-10 million hectares) is available as a winter catch crop –after soy/corn- both in in South America as well as in the US Midwest.
The value for the farmer relies on introducing camelina as catch crop -not displacing any main crop-, benefiting this way from agronomic and environmental advantages, while having the opportunity to valorise its sustainable camelina harvest for advanced biofuels. This way, the more sustainable the farmer’s practices are in terms of CO2 emissions, the higher will be the value of his camelina harvest. Such approach is, additionally, fully aligned with the Green Deal’s
A Farm to Fork Strategy (May 2020) which aims rewarding farming practices that remove CO2 from the atmosphere while providing farmers with a new source of income.
Contact Yuri Herreras Yambanis [email protected]
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BIOENERGY
EUBCE | 11 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES - BIOLOGICAL CONVERSION
Cellulosic Ethanol Biogas- Biomethane
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Anaerobic digestion
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Aqualia (2021 Submission)
Technology area Algae & algal products
Technology Developed In order to reduce energy requirements, aqualia has optimized the mixing and hydrodynamics of raceway systems by developing LEAR® (Low Energy Algae Raceways), with up to ¼ the energy consumption of conventional ones, and applied them to raw wastewater treatment. The process is based on mixotrophic cultures and natural selection of microalgae in the raceways, as diverse photosynthetic bacteria are present in most municipal wastewater. The raceways simply provide favorable conditions (light & nutrients) for microalgae/bacteria to + grow, consuming mainly ammonia (NH4 ) and phosphate (PO4 ) by incorporating them in their cells. Thus, by harvesting the biomass, N and P can be recovered in bioproducts. To separate the biomass, aqualia has developed an effective and robust concentration system based on flotation, called DAFAST®. With low energy consumption (< 0,1 kwh/m3) and high separation efficiency, biomass is thickened 100 times to reach concentrations of up to 50 g /L. When necessary, further thickening or dewatering stages (centrifugation, filtration, solar drying…) can be added to achieve higher solid concentrations. Biomass can be converted to biofuel with an EROI of 4, with biomethane sufficient to fuel more than 20 cars / ha.
All-gas plant
INCOVER plant DAFAST
SABANA plant
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Table with 4 demo sites
Feedstock Product Type PP, DP Start-up Biomass capacity Hours in Plant name Status tonnes/ By product or CP Year type tonnes/ operation year year Nitrogen, Treated carbon and wastewater for Phosphorus Allgas PP (32 and reuse, Biomass PP 2012 Algae and contained in Chiclana de la 500m2) rich in N and P 24h/7d Operational DP: bacteria wastewater 200 Frontera and DP as fertilizer, since 2012 2016 consortium 1000m3/d (Cádiz, Spain) (4X5200m2) 26.000kg of Biomethane as wastewater vehicle fuel per hectare Nitrogen, carbon and Treated Phosphorus SABANA DP wastewater for Under Algae and contained in Merida (1X10.000m2 reuse + Biomass commissioning 2021 bacteria wastewater 200 (Extremadura, + rich in N and P consortium 1000m3/d Spain) 2X5.000m2) for biofertilizer of production wastewater per hectare Nitrogen, carbon and Phosphorus Treated SABANA DP Under Algae and contained in wastewater + Hellin (1X10.000m2) commissioning 2021 bacteria wastewater 100 Biomass rich in (Albacete, consortium 1000m3/d N and P for Spain) of agricultural use wastewater per hectare Nitrogen, carbon and Phosphorus INCOVER Treated Algae and contained in ALMERIA DP Operational wastewater for 24h/7d 2016 bacteria wastewater 30 (Almeria, (1X3.000m2) reuse + Biomass since 2016 consortium 1000m3/d Spain) rich in N and P. of wastewater per hectare
Contact Frank Rogalla [email protected] +34 607 535 867
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES PlanET Biogas Group (2021 Submission)
Technology area Biogas and Biomethane
Technology Developed PlanET is biogas pioneer and was founded in 1998. As a provider of wet fermentation anaerobic digestion plants, we understand biogas technology in its entirety: The optimal interaction of individual processes determines the economic success of your plant. The competence in engineering, plant construction, technical plant service and CHP service as well as our in-house laboratory for biological service and process optimisation make PlanET a special brand for biogas and biomethane upgrading technology.
Table 500 built biogas and bio methane plants worldwide 1998-2021
Start- Feedstock Type PP, Biomass Product By Hours in Plant name Status up capacity DP or CP type tonnes/year product operation Year tonnes/year Manure and Opera- Type 1: Agricul- Since farm based 10,000 – 250kW – Diges- CP tional tural 1998 energy 20,000 1MW tate crops Industrial Opera- Since by-products 500kW – Diges- Type 2: Industrial CP tional >20,000 2003 and organic 2.5MW tate waste Opera- Since Liquid Diges- Type 3: Small Scale CP tional 5,000-9,000 50kW-150kW 2018 manure tate
Any other info
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PlanET offices
• PlanET Biogas Group (Headquarter/Germany) • Biogaz PlanET France (France) • PlanET Biogas Solutions (Canada) • PlanET Biogas USA Inc. (USA) • PlanET Biogas Italia Srl (Italia)
PlanET Partners
• Biotrix (Asia) • Birch Solutions (United Kingdom) • BioBowser (Australia)
For other countries PlanET is looking for partners in the agricultural or waste sector to cooperate in market development, sales, construction and service of biogas/biomethane plants.
Contact:
Christof Langguth Sales Manager International
PlanET Biogastechnik GmbH Up de Hacke 26 48691 Vreden – Germany
Email [email protected]
Mobile: +49 176 11395062 Head Office: +49 2564 3950 0
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES PRAJ INDUSTRIES LIMITED (2021 Update)
Technology developed RENGAS - Renewable gas production from Agri-biomass, Industrial waste & farm waste
PRAJ has developed Renewable Gas RNG (also called Compressed Biogas-CBG) production technology from Agri-residues (Rice / wheat straw, corn cobs) Industrial waste (Sugar mill press- mud/spentwash) and farm waste (Cow dung Chicken, litter). The RENGAS technology is outcome of PRAJ's in-house R&D work with Microbial Technology innovation. This proprietary process technology pre-treats lignocellulose biomass and Industrial wastes through microbial process with low energy & chemicals and results in to high RNG yields. The process technology is combined with patented duel plug flow digester system in collaboration with DVO Inc. of USA and proprietary Gas up gradation system. The plants operate on multi-feed principle and allow production of different grades of RNG. The Rengas plants are highly energy efficient & designed to operate round the year with low maintenance or breaks. The RNG produced from Rengas plants
reduces GHG/CO2 emissions by 60% compared to fossil energy and helps building circular economy. Rengas plants deliver different RNG grades for applications like grid injection, combined heat & power as well as transport fuel application. The Rengas plant give certified organic manure as valuable co-product.
Established in India PRAJ has developed T- EPC business model for Rengas RNG plants. PRAJ supplies Technology, License and complete plants with O&M services. PRAJ's business infrastructure comprises R&D, Engineering, Equipment fabrication, construction, commissioning and O&M resources. PRAJ supplies Rengas plants globally. PRAJ expects to construct 25 to 20 Rengas plants annually in different countries and for different applications.
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Status: Commercial Plants
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock Co- product Hours in Product name D/C Year Type capacity operation Indian Commercial Under March’2021 Press mud / 200 Renewable gas NOCA certified Design to MT/day Potash Ltd commissionin organic operate Cane 10,200Kg/Day UP - g manure for 350 bagasse India 40 MT/day day/Yr Leafiniti Commercial Under June’2021 Press mud 200 Renewable gas NOCA certified Design to Bioenergy construction MT/day organic operate for 10,200Kg/Day Private manure 350 day/Yr Limited 40 MT/day Karnataka- India Hindustan Commercial Under March’2022 Rice Straw 100 Renewable gas NOCA certified Design to Petroleum construction MT/day organic operate for 15,500Kg/Day Corporatio manure 350 day/Yr n Ltd 60 MT/day UP-India Shreenath Commercial Under Feb’2022 Distillery Raw Renewable gas NA Design to Mhaskoba construction Spent wash Biogas- operate for 10,000Kg/Day Sakhar 26000 350 day/Yr Karkhana Nm3/day Ltd MH-India
Updates on Commercial Praj’s Rengas Projects
Indian Potash Limited., UP-India
Praj’s RENGAS Demonstration Plant. Pune, Maharashtra – India
India’s first-of-its-kind Agri-residue based CBG demonstration facility at Praj Matrix-R&D CentreCan Process Agri-residue, industrial and organic wastes like press mud, vinasse, food waste and MSW.
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Contact Name Mr.Basavaraj C R,
Position Jt.GM – Rengas
Email [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Enzymatic Hydrolysis & Fermentation BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
AXENS (2021 Update)
Technology area Biofuels (cellulosic ethanol)
Technology Developed Futurol™ technology addresses today’s challenges of sustainability and lower greenhouse gas emissions through the production of 2nd generation (2G) bio-ethanol from various biomasses suitable for fuel and chemical applications alike. Lignocellulosic ethanol production through Futurol™ technology is a simple and integrated 4-step process:
1. Pretreatment Ø Wide range of biomasses Ø Standardized substrate Ø Low moisture, high digestibility Ø High C5 sugars yield 2.
2. On-site biocatalytsts production Ø Tailor-made enzymes/yeasts Ø High resistance to inhibitors Ø Fully adapted to substrate Ø Production cost reduction
3. Hydrolysis and fermentation Ø “One-pot” SSCF Ø CAPEX/OPEX minimization Ø Full C5/C6 sugars conversion Ø High ethanol yield
4. Products recovery Ø Energy/process integration with the valorisation of lignin/stillage
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Plant name Type PP, DP or CP Status Start- Biomass Feedstock By Hours in Product up type capacity product operation Year tonnes/year tonnes/year Industrial Testing 2016 Several 100 t/day Pretreated N/A N/A Biomass Demonstration campaigns including biomass substrate Pretreatment straw and completed (dry basis) Industrial wood Demonstration Pre-commercial In operation 2011 Several 1 t/day Ethanol, N/A N/A Full chain Pre- including biomass vinasse, lignin commercial plant straw and (dry basis) wood
Photos of AXENS’ precommercial plant in Pomacle and AXENS’ industrial pretreatment demonstration plant in Bucy-Le-Long (France):
Precommercial plant in Pomacle
Industrial Pretreatment Demonstration Plant in Bucy-Le-Long
Contact Varun GINOTRA - Business Development Manager [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES CLARIANT (2021 Update)
Technology Area Low carbon fuels, Bio & fossil fuels, Biogas and Biomethane, Bio-based products
Technology Developed CLARIANT’s sunliquid® technology and proprietary starter cultures have been co developed for high-performance cellulosic ethanol production from major categories of agricultural residues prevalent globally. Such cellulosic ethanol production meets fuel (>90% GHG reduction potential, RED II Annex IX-A compliant) and biochemical derivatives demand, whilst addressing local stakeholder interests (e.g. fuel source, pollution from residue burning, supporting farmers income, and green jobs).
Fig. 1. The sunliquid® process is feedstock flexible and performance runs are executed in Clariant’s pre-commercial plant for a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass. In addition, about 30 residues were tested in lab & pilot scale, including rice husks, sorghum, coffee ground, seaweed, grapeseed straw, MSW, corn fiber.
Fig. 2. Clariant’s pre-commercial plant in Straubing, Germany (left) and Clariant’s owned-and-operated commercial plant in Podari, Romania (under construction) (right).
The sunliquid® process is a fully integrated process that converts agricultural residues (Fig. 1) to cellulosic ethanol via mechanical and chemical-free thermal pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis with feedstock- and process-specific enzymes, simultaneous C5 & C6 fermentation,
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and energy-efficient ethanol separation. This is complemented by the sunliquid® starter cultures for enzymes and yeast, which are a more technologically advanced biocatalyst platform designed for conversion of chemical-free pre-treated substrates that are more difficult to treat than acid pre-treated substrates. In combination, our sunliquid® starter cultures complement chemical-free pre-treatment technology and integrated on-site enzyme production to enable biofuel producers to produce cellulosic ethanol more sustainably and more profitably.
Clariant’s pre-commercial plant (Fig. 2, left) - in operation since 2012 – is the source of our technological experience which is woven into our Process Design Package and we continue to develop our sunliquid® process and biocatalysts here and in our future sunliquid® commercial plant in Romania (Fig. 2, right) to serve the needs of our clients worldwide. More information about sunliquid® and the latest updates can be found at www.sunliquid.com and www.clariant.com/romania.
Table of reference plants using sunliquid® technology and proprietary starter cultures
Type PP, Status Start-up Year Biomass Product tonnes/year Plant name Hours in DP or CP type operation sunliquid – Operational Various Cellulosic ethanol Continuous (Germany) DP 2012 1 kta (plant since 2012 capacity)
sunliquid – CP 2021 Cellulosic ethanol - Under Cereal (Romania) 50 kta construction straw
Enviral CP In Confidential Wheat Cellulosic ethanol - (Slovakia) development straw 50 kta
ORLEN Południe CP In Confidential Wheat Cellulosic ethanol - (Poland) development straw 25 kta
Anhui-Gouzhen/ CP In Confidential Wheat Cellulosic ethanol - Chemtex development straw, 50 kta (China) Corn Stover
ETA Bio CP In Confidential Wheat Cellulosic ethanol - (Bulgaria) development straw 50 kta
Harbin Hulan Sino- CP In Confidential Corn Cellulosic ethanol - Dan development stover 25 kta (China)
CP – Commercial Plant, DP – Demonstration (Pre-Commercial) Plant
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About Clariant
Clariant is a focused, sustainable, and innovative specialty chemical company based in Muttenz, near Basel/Switzerland. On 31 December 2020, the company employed a total workforce of 13 235. In the financial year 2020, Clariant recorded sales of CHF 3.860 billion for its continuing businesses. The company reports in three business areas: Care Chemicals, Catalysis, and Natural Resources. Clariant’s corporate strategy is based on five pillars: focus on innovation and R&D, add value with sustainability, reposition portfolio, intensify growth, and increase profitability.
Contact Dr. Christian Librera, Vice President & Head of Business Line Biofuels and Derivatives [email protected]
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Leaf – Lesaffre (2021 Update)
The reference glucose and xylose co-fermenting yeast: CelluX™ 4
CelluX™ is a genetically modified strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae developed specially for the cellulosic ethanol industry. CelluX™ 4 has a strong tolerance to inhibitors. This glucose and xylose fermenting yeast strain demonstrates the ability to resist stresses and maintains higher cell viability especially during fermentations of hydrolysed cellulosic material. CelluX™ 4 is available in dry format which allows 24 months shelf life from production date under recommended storage conditions. Leaf is a partner of the Indian ethanol industry both in conventional ethanol since more than 10 years with the reference yeast, Ethanol Red®, and in the nascent 2G industry with CelluX™ more recently. Our global fermentation approach integrates all the steps from the yeast production to the use at full scale: supply and regulatory services, on-site technical assistance supported by our local team members and technical services by Green Lab, Leaf’s application laboratory, in the USA.
Status: CelluX™ 4 is available at commercial scale and produced in our dedicated GMO yeast dryer in Dothan, Alabama (USA).
Plant name Type D/C Status Start-up year
Lesaffre Dothan, Alabama, USA Commercial Operating 2017
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Contact Pierre Basuyaux, Sales manager Europe & Asia, [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES NovelYeast bv (2021 Update)
Technology area Low carbon fuels Bio fuels Bio-based products Catalyst development
Technology develpoed NovelYeast has developed a second-generation industrial yeast strain and saccharification process for the conversion of the paper/cardboard fraction of industrial and municipal solid waste into bioethanol. This process will be implemented in the enzymatic unit of the Renasci demonstration plant to be built in connection with the waste recycling plant that recently started its operations in the harbor of Ostend, Belgium (https://www.renasci.be/en).
The company Renasci has developed a technology called 'Smart Chain Processing' for the recycling of all fractions in industrial and municipal solid waste. It will also include a process for the conversion of the organic fraction, which mainly consists of paper and cardboard, into ethanol, isobutanol and GTBE.
A second-generation industrial yeast strain for production of isobutanol is under development at NovelYeast and the technology for large-scale production and recovery of isobutanol is under development by the partners in the EU BioRen project (https://www.bioren.be/).
The isobutanol produced will be converted by chemical catalysis into isobutene, which will then be coupled to glycerol, derived from the production of biodiesel using animal fat or other substrates, to produce GTBE. This is a valuable fuel additive for both gasoline and diesel, that improves engine performance and cuts harmful exhaust emissions.
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The conversion of the paper/cardboard fraction into other bio-based chemicals is under evaluation.
NovelYeast bv has been established in 2019 as a spin-off from the research group of Prof. Johan Thevelein at VIB/KU Leuven, Belgium. The company aims to exploit its deep knowledge and technical know-how with yeast research and the many industrial applications of yeast for the development and commercial implementation of superior industrial yeast strains for the production of biofuels, bio-based chemicals, alcoholic beverages, nutraceuticals, proteins and other applications, as well as engaging in R&D service for the utilization of yeast as a tool in industrial biotechnology, as well as for biomedical and agroindustrial applications.
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock By Hours in name PP, DP Year type capacity Product product operation or CP tonnes/year tonnes/year Renasci, DP Under Organic 40,000 Ethanol, Biocoal Ostend, construction 2021 fraction of tonnes isobutanol, pellets - paper+card Belgium Industrial GTBE, bio- board/year & MSW (from based (paper/car 120,000 chemicals dboard) tonnes waste/year)
Other info The lab facilities of NovelYeast bv are located in the Open Bio-Incubator at the Erasmus High School in Brussels (Laarbeeklaan 121, B-1090 Brussels-Jette, Belgium) and the company has also access to the lab facilities of the MCB lab at VIB/KU Leuven.
Contact [email protected]
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Praj Industries Ltd (2021 Update)
Technology developed
Praj’s ”Enfinity” technology brings infinite possibilities to protect the environment and address energy challenges, confronting mankind… by making use of nature’s endless resources. Praj is a leading technology player in 1G ethanol space having over 750+ references in 75 countries across the globe in. Each of these plants carry our signature of technology innovation and integration, delivering lower water and energy footprint. This knowledge helped Praj in developing the Second generation (2G) cellulosic ethanol technology “Enfinity”.
Praj’s state of the art second generation ethanol pilot plant facility is operational since 2009. Technology development started with comprehensive mapping and analysis of feedstock samples of different agricultural residues, Praj has till date fingerprinted more than 600+ samples of lignocellulosic biomass Pilot facility (1TPD of dry biomass processing) has tested more than 500 MT of biomass such as Rice straw, Wheat Straw, corn cob, cane bagasse, corn Stover, Empty fruit bunches (EFB), forest residues etc. Rigorous testing and development along with process optimization and integration with multiple feedstocks has helped Praj built a robust technological solution , which was scale up to 12 TPD of dry biomass processing.
In order to commercialize and demonstrate technology, Praj has set up 12 MTPD smart bio-refinery based on ‘enfinity’ technology. Facility is designed to handle multiple feedstock with an end to end energy and process integration.
The demonstration facility has been operational since 2016. Here technology due diligence was successfully carried out by Energy Companies in India as well as global energy super majors.
One of the key attributes of PRAJ’s enfinity technology is the integration of each and every process step not only from process point of view but also considering energy and water footprint. Based on the rich experience of designing and commissioning 1G ethanol, Praj has optimized and integrated all the process steps for 2G ethanol.
Praj has been working on the smart bio-refinery concept, to have an economically viable and sustainable solution. Development of different products which can either be used as a product or can be used as precursor for manufacturing of different other product is under progress. Table below
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shows the spectrum of different potential products which can be generated from Praj’s Lignocelluslosic biorefinery.
Products from C6 Sugars Products from C5 Sugars Products from Lignin Others Butanediol / Butadiene Furfural Bitumen Binder Bio-gas Iso-Butanol Xylitol Lignosulfonates 3 Hydro Propionic Acid Marine Oil HMF / FDCA Levulinic Acid
Established in India
Type Status Start-up Feedstock By product Hours in Plant name Biomass type capacity Product D/C year operation Operational Capable of 1 TPD on since 2009 processing all dry basis 250 to 300 L Praj Matrix agriculture Pilot 2009 per day of ~10,15,000 Pilot Plant residues as well as forest Ethanol residues Praj R&D Operational 12 TPD of Fuel oil Unit – II since 2016 Capable of dry processing all ~3 m3/day Biorefinery Demo 2016 biomass ~1,20,000 agriculture processing of Ethanol Demo residues Plant
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Snapshots of IOCL 2G Ethanol Plant under construction
Name of Technology - Cellꓴꓵiti™: Sekab E-technology AB, based in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden and Praj Industries headquartered in Pune, India have collaboration agreement in place to upgrade and commercialize technology solutions geared towards the production of sustainable biofuels and chemical products from softwood feedstock.
Praj industries through this collaboration will help to scale up, integrate and optimize the unique Cellꓴꓵiti™ technology platform developed by Praj-Sekab. The Cellꓴꓵiti™ being the latest in coniferous residue conversion into biofuels, green chemicals, and bio-based materials.
Advanced research and development work In 2004, what was then called the Ethanol Pilot in the Domsjö factory area in Örnsköldsvik was inaugurated. Here, Sekab E-Technology has carried out advanced research and development work to verify all the process steps required to commercialise the biorefinery technology that utilises the value of residual products from forestry and agriculture. Sekab has developed certain know-how, patents, processes, and proprietary technologies to produce fermentable sugars, lignin and ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, which together with the contribution from Praj to optimize, integrate and scale-up is now ready to be licensed for commercial scale production. Around a hundred different research and development projects on cellulosic ethanol are being conducted globally, and Sekab E-Technology is among the foremost in the world, especially when it comes to wood as the raw material.
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Contact Name Mr. Satyendra Joshi Position Joint General Manager Email [email protected]
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Tsinghua University (2021 Submission)
Technology area Sweet sorghum lignocellulosic ethanol
Technology Developed Sweet sorghum is a promising energy crop for biofuel production. A demonstration plant on cost-effective conversion of fermentable sugars in sweet sorghum stalks into ethanol with advanced solid-state fermentation (ASSF) technology is proposed. A continuous solid-state bioreactor, which is 55 m in length and 3.6 m in diameter, is successfully operated in Shandong Province, China in 2019. Results showed that the retention time (fermentation time) of the solid substrate is less than 24 h, and the ethanol yield reaches 90.5% of the theoretical yield. 16 tons of sweet sorghum stalks are used to produce 1 ton of fuel grade ethanol. It can also produce 13.8 tons of vinasse to feed cattle. The cost of fuel ethanol producing by ASSF can compete with low oil price of $40/barrel. The high-efficient saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of cores ASSF technology, which was isolated from the soil sample for the long-term storage of sweet sorghum. The proprietary yeast has significant advantages for use in solid-state fermentation, including tolerance to temperature differences and low moisture content. We also developed silage fermentation technology to increase the preservation period of sweet sorghum stalks to more than 9 months, ensuring the supply of feedstock for ASSF throughout the year. The compatible technologies of solid distillation and vapor permeation are improved the energy efficiency of ASSF, which enable the product of bioethanol more cost-effective.
Anhydrous fuel ethanol
Sweet sorghum Advance solid-state Solid Distilation and fermentation Vapor permeation
Vinasse Cattle feed
With the development of ethanol reforming technology, 45wt% ethanol solution is expected to be the fuel of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. Bioethanol will play a much important role in
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greenhouse gases reduction. ASSF technology will contribute more to the carbon zero emission global achievement.
Table
Type Start- Feedstock Plant PP, Biomass Product By Hours in Status up capacity name DP or type tonnes/year product operation Year tonnes/year CP Fodder Dongying Stand- Sweet 48,000 3,000 as Hongli PP by 2015 216h sorghum tonnes/year tonnes/year cattle Biotech. feed
The Sweet sorghum ethanol demonstration plant is located in Shandong Province, China.
Contact Professor S.Z. Li [email protected]
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Valmet (2021 Update)
BioTrac Pretreatment
Valmet is, in the field of cellulosic sugar/ethanol/biochemicals, a technology and machinery provider and not an end to end provider (please see below schematic). Special attention has been given to the pretreatment area, launched by the name BioTrac. The BioTrac is developed based on decades of experience in design and supply of systems to process biomass into various renewable products, e.g. pulp and fiberboard. Based on this foundation, the BioTrac has been further developed through the experiences gained by the >20 deliveries made to date. The deliveries ranging from pilot, demo and commercial scale. Currently six commercial size projects are in the delivery phase.
Valmet has in addition to the above a wide range of offering primarily related to pulp, paper and energy and is also offering solutions related to black pellets/biocoal, bio-oil, gasification and lignin separation in pulping (LignoBoost). For more information, please visit
www.valmet.com.
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Latest References
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock By- Hours in Product name PP, DP Year type capacity product operation or CP tonnes/year tonnes/year dry Confiden CP Under 2022 Wood 300,000 Bioproducts - - tial construction
Confiden CP Under 2022 Agro 180,000 - - 2G ethanol tial construction waste
Confiden CP Under 2022 Agro 180,000 2G ethanol - - tial construction waste
Under Agro 180,000 Praj CP 2021 construction wast - Industrie e 2G ethanol - s, India Under 300,000 Clariant, CP Construction 2021 Straw 2G ethanol - Romania - 130,000 FICAP, Commissioning CP phase 2021 Wood Black pellets - France -
Contact Mattias Erixon, Manager Sales [email protected]
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BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION LIMITED (BPCL) (2021 Submission)
Technology area Biofuels
Technology Developed BPCL developed an in-house technology for production of second generation ethanol from lignocellulosic feedstocks like rice straw, wheat straw etc.
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock Product By product Hours in name PP, DP Year type capacity tonnes/year operation or CP tonnes/year
LBPU* PP Under October Rice 144 TPY (dry Ethanol Lignin, CO2, N.A Commissioning 2021 straw, basis) N.A Silica wheat straw
*LBPU: Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing Unit
Value added products/Bio-chemicals: Carbon Fibre, Lignosulphonate & Lactic acid
Block flow diagram is as follows;
Contact Dr. Jaya Rawat, Deputy General Manager (R&D), [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION (2020 Submission)
Technology developed: Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Technology
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Proposes to set up a Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Bio-refinery at Bina, Sagar District (Madhya Pradesh) in India based on technology provided by DBT-ICT, Mumbai. The Biorefinery will have a capacity to produce 100 kilo litres of Ethanol per day. About 2 Lakh tonnes per annum of Soya Stalk/ Wheat Straw will be used as feedstock in the plant.
UNDER CONSTRUCTION Commercial plant
Start- up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type D/C Status By product year type capacity Product operation Discussions with Licensor Soya Stalk 430 tonnes 100 kilo 75 tons/day BINA Commercial 2023 / Wheat litres per - (DBT-ICT) in /day CO2 progress Straw day Ethanol
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) is an Oil Marketing Company (OMC) under the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoP&NG), Government of India, and has its Oil Refineries at Mumbai & Kochi. BPCL proposes to set up total three Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Bio-refineries in the states of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra in India using biomass like Rice straw, Wheat straw, Soya stalk etc.
Contact Mr. M.S Patke, ED(HSSE & Advanced Liquid Biofuels), [email protected]
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Technology developed: Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Technology
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. is setting up a Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Bio- refinery at Bargarh District (Odisha) in India based on technology provided by M/s Praj Industries Ltd., Pune, Maharashtra, India. The Biorefinery will have a capacity to produce 100 kilo litres of Ethanol per day. About 2 Lakh tonnes per annum of Rice straw will be used as feedstock in the plant.
UNDER CONSTRUCTION Commercial plant
Start- Plant Biomass Feedstock Hours in Type D/C Status up By product name type capacity Product operation year 100 kilo Under 480 75 tons/day BARGARH Commercial 2021 Rice Straw litres per - Construction tonnes/day CO day Ethanol 2
Established in India
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) is an Oil Marketing Company (OMC) under the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoP&NG), Government of India, and has its Oil Refineries at Mumbai & Kochi. BPCL proposes to set up total three Lignocellulosic Second Generation (2G) Ethanol Bio-refineries in the states of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra in India using biomass like Rice straw, Wheat straw, Soya stalk etc.
Contact Mr. M.S Patke, ED(HSSE & Advanced Liquid Biofuels) [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Chempolis (2020 Submission)
formicobio™ - 3G technology for the production of cellulosic ethanol
formicobio™ process technology is based on selective fractionation of cellulosic biomasses into main components using biosolvent. Biosolvent and water used in the process are recovered and re-used, and biorefining co-produces excess green power. The technology enables profitable and sustainable biorefining of various biomasses such as straws, sugarcane bagasse, bamboo, and woody biomasses. Compared to typical 2G ethanol technologies, formicobio™ offers higher revenues and lower operating costs. Generated acetic acid and furfural are recovered as valuable co-products instead of them treating as waste. Pure cellulose fraction enables reduced enzyme consumption and simple fermentation using conventional yeasts.
First commercial biorefinery based on the formicobio™ technology
Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Plant name Status By product D/C year type capacity Product 30000 t/a platform ABRPL Under 50000 t/a Commercial 2021 Bamboo 300000 t/a (dry) chemicals + biorefinery Construction ethanol 12 MW green power
Biorefinery based on the formicobio™ technology under construction in Numaligarh, Assam, India
Established in India
Chempolis India Pvt, full subsidiary of Chempolis Oy, operates in India focusing on the business development for biorefinery projects, which would be converting local lignocellulosic biomasses for cellulosic sugars, advanced biofuels, biochemicals, fibres and green power. Chempolis Oy is licensor, investor and shareholder of ABRPL biorefinery company by 22 % shareholding.
Contact Pasi Rousu, Senior Advisor, Chempolis Oy, Director Chempolis India Pvt. [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences (2020 Submission)
Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai
The DBT-ICT 2G-Ethanol/2G-Sugar Technology
TheInstitute DBT-ICT of2G Chemical-Ethanol/2G SugarTechnology, Technology Mumbai is a feed-stock agnostic process that fractionates any biomass feedstock (hard wood chips, cotton stalk, soft bagasse, rice straw, etc) into separate streams of glucose (C6), xylose (C5) and lignin. The C6 and C5 sugars produced as intermediates can be co-fermented to produce ethanol, or can be converted to other chemicals, and ash-free lignin can be used direclty as boiler fuel or via biogas for steam/power generation. Major and disinct features of the technology are: (a) through and through continuous flow processing from biomass size reduction to fermentation; (b) low chemical, enzyme and water consumption through recycle & reuse; (c) Low overall processing time of 18 h from feed to alcohol; (d) zero liquid discharge; and (e) possibility of using C6 and C5 sugar intermediates for making other products. The compact plant design has unique features such as advanced reactor design and separation technologies with slurry-flow rapid rate operations. The technology offers optimization on CAPEX/OPEX as well as on a range of chemicals that can be produced from 2G-sugars using smart chemical/biological routes. The technology can be easily used at scales from 100 to 500 ton biomass/day.
Status: Demonstration scale; 2 Commercial plants being built
Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name D/C Status year type capacity Product By product operation
2G-Ethanol Ethanol (750,000 plant at March Any Lignin 4000h D Operating 10 ton/day L per India Glycols 2016 feedstock Ltd annum) Proposed Silica, Food grade for Rice HPCL, Expected carbon dioxide, Under straw, 450 ton/day Ethanol ____ Bhatinda C 2020 inorganic mineral Construction cotton (100 KL) plant, Punjab fertilizer stalk Proposed In process plant for Ethanol BPCL, Bina, Expected Food grade carbon for wheat 450 ton/day (100KL _____ Madhya 2021 dioxide, inorganic C finalizing straw and per day) Pradesh mineral fertilizer BEDP soya
The technology has been validated and demonstrated at India Glycols Limited, Kashipur, Uttrakhand, India.
Capacity: 10 ton/day, Product: 2G-Ethanol, 2G-Sugar, lignin
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Established in India To achieve the 10% blending target set up by the Govt. Of India, several OMC (Oil Marketing Companies) are setting up ethanol biorefinery plants in India. Front End Engineering has been done for the plant being erected by Hindustan Petroleum at Bathinda, Punjab, India and the unit is expected to be operational by end of 2020. Basic Engineering and Design Package (BEDP) is being finalized for the plant in Bina, Madhya Pradesh, India by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
The DBT-ICT Centre for Xnergy Biosciences is India’s first dedicated state-of-the-art centre mandated to develop technologies for production of renewable fuel and chemicals. In addition to ethanol, the Centre with its vibrant talent combining expertise in modern biology & chemistry with engineering sciences, also works on developing technologies for methane, organic acids, and biomaterials like PLA, bioPET, butadiene among many others in the field of food and feed. Demo scale biorefineries manufacturing products like butanol, lactic acid, propanoic acid, bio-vanilin, bio-xylitol and food grade protein have been built or are being built. The Centre also has one of the most advanced algal research facilities and algal biorefineries are under construction.
Contact Prof. Arvind M. Lali [email protected]; [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences (2020 Submission)
Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai The DBT-ICT Compressed Biogas Technology
The traditional biogas production from solid substrates like biomass and municipal solid waste Institute(MSW) suffers of from Chemical two major Technology, limitations for scale Mumbai-up: (1) Incomplete conversion to product biogas (typically 50- 60%); and (2) slow reaction rates with HRTs of 20-150 days. The DBT-ICT Biogas technology overcomes both these limitations and achieves biogas production with 90% carbon conversion in quick time of 1-3 days. The technology involves catalytic conversion of any and all unsegregated wet and dry organic waste (biomass, municipal solid wastes, municipal sewage, industrial effluents/sludge, cattle dung, etc.) into liquid hydrolysate that is free from sulphur, nitrogen and ash. This hydrolysate oil when subjected to DBT- ICT Rapid-AD Technology (AD-anaerobic digestion) gives rapid biogas generation with high conversion efficiency in uniquely designed biodigesters in quick time thereby requiring much smaller digesters. The overall technology is clean, zero-discharge, compact and efficient that requires low land footprint. The technology is shown to be revenue positive for all wastes.
Status: Demonstration scale
Start- Feedstock Type up Biomass Product By product Hours in Plant name Status capacity D/C year type operation BPCL residential Under 1 Clean water, 2019 MSW Methane - colony, D construction ton/day Fertilizer Mumbai
Barapullah Under Clean water, 2019 Sewage 1 MLD Methane - Drain, Delhi D construction Fertilizer Sludge
East Delhi Under 30 Clean water, Municipal 2020 MSW Methane - C ton/day Fertilizer Corporation design
Established in India The demonstration of the technology decided scale will lead to multiple plants with widespread private participation. The demonstration plants for processing 1 to 30 ton/day bio-waste under construction at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Residential colony, Mumbai and in East Delhi Waste Yard will both be operational by end of 2019 and early 2020, respectively.
Contact Prof. Arvind M. Lali [email protected] and [email protected]
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Indian Oil Corporation (2020 Submission)
Technology developed : Compressed Bio Gas (CBG)
Biomass and waste sources like agricultural residue, cattle dung, poultry manure, other organic residues & waste materials etc. produce Biogas through the process of anaerobic decomposition. The Biogas is then purified and compressed to form Compressed Bio Gas
(CBG or Bio-methane), which has Methane (CH4) content of more than 90%. CBG has calorific value and other properties very similar to Natural Gas (CNG) and hence can be utilized as a green, renewable automotive fuel. The Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) Scheme was launched in India on 1.10.2018. The scheme envisages production and marketing of CBG from 5000 plants by March 2023.The estimated 5000 plants are expected to produce 15 million tons of CBG. Under the SATAT scheme, IndianOil has invited Expression of Interest (EOI) from CBG producers to produce & supply CBG at a delivered price of Rs. 46 per kg. For details on the scheme, https://www.iocl.com/Satat.aspx may be referred to.
IndianOil has developed an innovative two stage anaerobic digestion technology to significantly increase Bio-gas production. IndianOil has also developed an enviro-tolerant
inoculant, which produces higher biogas with high methane and reduced CO2 content. The combined process has resulted in Biogas yield of 1.5-2 times over conventional process having methane content of 75-80% in raw Biogas.
Status: Commercial plant
Under the SATAT scheme, IndianOil has released Letter of Intent to successful parties who had applied for the EOI, to procure CBG from a number of Plants across India. The CBG producers include indigenous and global Parties.
IOT Biogas Pvt. Ltd. is a subsidiary of a JV of IndianOil, which operates a Bio-gas Plant at Namakkal, Tamil Nadu. The inoculums developed by IndianOil has been used in the Plant.
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Plant Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock By Status name D/C year type capacity Product product Designed Presently Biogas (24000 m3/day) IOT Press mud, capacity used to produce electricity. Commercial Operational Biogas, Chicken litter, 290 TPD Purification & since 2012 2012 Manure Namakkal, cattledung, mixed compression units being set upto Tamil Nadu etc. waste produce CBG
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.
IndianOil is an integrated energy major and India's largest commercial enterprise, ranking 137th in Fortune Global 500 list of companies. IndianOil is involved across the value chain of oil & gas including exploration, production, refining, petrochemicals, pipelines, distribution & marketing with advanced R&D facilities. IndianOil has also ventured into alternate energy including Biofuels, wind, solar, electric mobility, etc. The total employee strength of IndianOil is over 33,000 with a network of over 47,800 customer touch-points.
Contact
Subodh Kumar, Executive Director (Alternate Energy & Sustainable Development)
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Novozymes (2020 Submission)
Technology developed
Novozymes has been a pioneer in the development of the 2G industry globally. Cellulosic ethanol production requires enzymes to convert the biomass to free sugars in the enzymatic hydrolysis process. Novozymes Cellic® product line helps secure the lowest cost of producing ethanol by unlocking new ways to optimize a plant’s conversion process. Novozymes has partnered widely with leading industry players, and together worked with the Cellic® product family to optimize the cellulosic ethanol production process.
Having research and innovation at the core, and a supply chain unrivalled in scale and scope, Novozymes is able to guarantee most reliable and consistent enzyme supply at most competitive prices.
Commercial plant
Plant Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Status By product name D/C year type capacity Product operation Green Wheat 40,000 Operatio 200,000 electricity 2013 straw/ tonnes/yr n/a Crescentin o Commerci al nal tonnes/yr (13MW Rice straw (ethanol) capacity)
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Crescentino, Province of Vercelli, Italy (IEA report)
Established in India
Novozymes has been present in India for more than 3 decades with its South Asia headquarters in Bangalore. With more than 650 employees in India, Novozymes caters to a wide variety of sectors including household care, agriculture, bioenergy, animal health & nutrition, food & beverage, textiles, pulp & paper, leather etc. To cater to the growing India and South-East Asia markets, Novozymes has recently invested around DKK 300 million to build a new production and supply chain facility near Mumbai.
Contact Thomas Schrøder, VP, Biorefining Commercial [email protected]
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RE-CORD (2020 Submission)
Renewable Energy COnsortium for R&D
Biomethane and Biogas (Renewable EnergyOn biogas,COnsortium RE-CORD (www.refor R&D)-cord.org) is partner with BTS (http://www.bts- biogas. com/en/), the leading Italian company on biogas and biomethane. BTS, headquartered in Brunico, IT, employs more than 100 people, developed over 220 plants worldwide for a total capacity exceeind 185 MW, and holds 26 patents on the sector. Biomethane is the new business for biogas producers, and BTS plays a key role in that area. The proposed systems are modular, designed to meet client’s needs. Various pretreatments are available, among which BIOaccelerators (impact reactor, biomass defibrator), acquAEXTRUSION, fibreCRACK (SE), TRANSFORMER (shredder). Also 4 different upgrading technologies membrane, chemical scrubbing, water scrubbing PSA) and post- treatment technologies (BIOdry, NITROstripp, BIOpellet, COMPOfert, NPKlean) are available. A large variety of feedstocks can be fed to the plants, as agricultural and industrial byproducts, energy crops, etc. Innovative high TRL-solution are under study by BTS in collaboration with RE- CORD, as co-composting of biochar and digestate, Integration of slow pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion (mass and energy), and Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.
Status of technology Full commercial-scale solutions. Large number of references are available on request (see also http://www.bts-biogas.com/en/plants/).
Established in India - Not yet established in India, as of March 2019.
Contact David Chiaramonti, RE-CORD President [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Versalis (2020 Submission)
Technology developed: PROESA ®
PROESA® technology by Versalis is based on a chemical-free pretreatment of cellulosic feedstock executed with saturated steam followed by viscosity reduction and enzymatic hydrolysis that prepare 2G sugars for fermentation to bioethanol. The major by–product is the lignin, that can be utilized as solid fuel into biomass boilers to produce electricity and steam: in the future, further application of the lignin as intermediate towards other valuable products is foreseen. The technology accepts a wide variety of biomasses as feedstock such as wheat and rice straw, corn stover, sugar cane bagasse and tops and leaves, dedicated non-food energy crops (i.e. Napier Grass, Myscantus), hardwood. Using a chemical-free pre-treatment it is possible to avoid expensive construction materials and to minimize the formation of inhibitory compounds, therefore maximizing the bio-catalysts activity. The state-of-the-art design of enzymatic hydrolysis facilitates an easy scale-up and effective pH and temperature control. The yeast used in the fermentation stage is capable of fermenting both C6 and C5 sugars and it is propagated on site. The PROESA® technology has been applied in the world- first commercial-scale 2G ethanol plant in Crescentino (Italy), in operation since 2014: the plant includes a power plant operated at 13 MWe, a biogas production unit and a WWT unit designed for total water recirculation. Leveraging on the experience developed in Crescentino, Versalis is licensing the technology worldwide, supporting the customers during all steps of project development.
Status Commercial plant
Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type D/C Status Product By product year type capacity operation Operational Lignin (currently Fuel grad Crescentino Commercial 2013 Straw, hard - Biogas - under Ethanol wood Electricity maintenance) (22 ktpy)
2G EtOH plant in Crescentino (Italy)
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Established in India
Versalis Pacific (India) Pte Ltd has been established in 2013 and is located in Mumbai. Main focus of the Indian subsidiary is in the traditional business lines of Versalis (intermediate, styrenics, elastomers, polyethylene). The licensing activity in the area of cellulosic ethanol and green chemistry is followed directly by Versalis HQ in S.Donato Milanese (Italy) and supported locally by our commercial agent (Unison Consulting).
Contact
Pierluigi Picciotti, Versalis S.p.a., Licensing Expert Green Chemistry [email protected]
Abhijeet Shinde, Versalis Pacific (India) Pte. Ltd, Sales Manager [email protected]
Vinod Unni, Unison Consulting, New Delhi, President [email protected]
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- THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION
Waste to Mixed Alcohol Hydrotreated Oils Mixed Alcohols to Jet Fuel
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Gasification
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES :: Small scale
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ReGaWatt GmbH (2021 Submission)
Area Thermochemical Conversion of biomass to power and heat
Technology Updraft biomass gasification
The Kombi-Power-System® is based on a fairly simple and robust updraft gasification process resulting in the output of syngas and liquid bio-oil which sum up to 98% of the input wood energy. With a smooth gasification process through a high bed of wood chips the gas exits the gasifier with 75°C and nearly no dust is carried in the wood gas. The high content of fluids in the gas is separated in a wet electrostatic precipitator resulting in a dry gas with less than 3mg/m³ Bio-oil left in the gas which enters a gas motor for electricity production. The separated fluid is easily separated in water and heavy bio-oil, which can be sprayed in a combustor for heat production, while the gas is fully used for electricity production. With a fully burnt grey ash and no need for conventional filters this process promises easy operation and consistent output of renewable energy from biomass.
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
Table
Start- Feedstock Biomass Product Hours in Plant name Type Status up capacity By product type tonnes/y operation Year tonnes/y Wood 3.8 GWh el., 1500 t/a Bio-oil, 11000 t/a @ Kombi-Power-System, NL, Operati residue 29 GWh 25 MJ/kg wet CP 2018 30%wb 24000 Ens onal chips, 30- high&low (included in moisture 55 %wb temp. heat thermal Product) Wood 5.3 GWh el., 1600 t/a Bio-oil, 15000 t/a @ Kombi-Power-System, CH, Operati residue 36 GWh 25 MJ/kg wet CP 2018 45%wb 22000 Puidoux onal chips, 30- high&low (included in moisture 55 %wb temp. heat thermal Product) Wood 6.2 GWh el., 1800 t/a Bio-oil, 10700 t/a @ Kombi-Power-System, CH, Operati residue 34 GWh 25 MJ/kg wet CP 2020 30%wb 8000 Charmey onal chips, 30- high&low (included in moisture 55 %wb temp. heat thermal Product) Wood 1000 t/a Bio-oil, Under 10500 t/a @ Kombi-Power-System, JP, residue 8 GWh el. 25 MJ/kg wet CP constru 2022 40%wb - Furudono chips, 30- (included in ction moisture 55 %wb thermal Product)
Contact
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Klaus Röhrmoser ReGaWatt GmbH Mail: [email protected] Phone: 0049 (0)9443 929 215 https://www.regawatt.de/startsite/
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Windhager Zentralheizung GmbH (2021 Submission)
Technology Area Small scale thermochemical Conversion
Technology Developed
- The key aspects of the technology are the gasification of biomass, especially wood-chips in a performance-range from 7-100kW. This gasification application is done for the production of heat under the aspect of very low emissions and high efficiency. Especially particulate emissions can be reduced with this technology to almost zero. It is necessary to develop a complete system for a convenient use of this technology by the customer, which includes a flexible fuel-feeding-system, an automatic ignition and air-controlling system and an automatic ash removal system. - Using the gasification to produce the fuel gas before the combustion, it is necessary to reduce the ash in certain intervals, in order not to disturb the gasification process by large quantities of ash. During ash removal the combustion must not be stopped, so it is necessary to use a double-grate de- ashing system. Extreme air stagging and control of the air-streams is necessary for low emissions in CO and NOx and for a high efficiency of the boiler.
Table of plants
- Windhager has sold and installed since market-introduction more than thousand of boilers in commercial plants. The first of them are in operation over more than 5 years. - Every year, a lot of plants are sold and go in operation. - The feed-stocks of all plants vary from a few m3 up to a bigger storage. - The plants are in operation during the complete heating-period, that means about 2500 hours of operation per year.
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Contact
DI Gerhard Gerg Innovation Windhager Zentralheizung Technik GmbH Anton Windhager Strasse 20 AT-5201 Seekirchen am Wallersee [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES :: Large Scale
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ANDRITZ (2021 Submission)
Technology area Large Biomass Gasification
Technology Developed The largest consumer of fossil fuel (e.g. natural gas, fuel oil) in a kraft pulp mill is the lime kiln
which converts calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into calcium oxide (CaO) in a high-temperature, causticizing chemical reaction part of the pulp mill recovery cycle. These fossil fuels can be replaced by a product gas derived from the gasification of woody biomass. This can significantly lower operating costs when considering high fossil fuel prices and low waste biomass costs and improve the carbon footprint of the pulp mill.
Image:Chenming, Zhanjiang, China Image: Metsä Fibre, Joutseno, Finland
Typical gasification plant deliveries include a belt dryer and a gasification plant with wet and dry fuel handling. The advantages of using belt dryer technology are its ability to utilize low temperature waste heat (e.g. low pressure steam, hot water) and to operate below the de- volatilization temperature of wood fuel to minimize volatile organic content (VOC) and odours from the dryer exhaust air.
The gasifier is an air-blown, circulating fluidised bed (CFB) gasifier operating at atmospheric pressure and composed of a refractory-lined reactor, cyclone and product gas duct. The gasification plant also includes fuel and bed material feeding, bottom ash handling and gasification air supply with other auxiliary equipment. Bed material, usually limestone, is used to facilitate fluidization inside the reactor.
The gasification process takes place when hot air is fed to the CFB reactor to oxidize the biomass carbon and to generate enough heat to favour endothermic thermo-chemical gasification reactions. The process is sub-stoichiometric and result in the production of combustible product gas. The heating value of the gas is composed of: i) chemical heat energy
(e.g. H2, CO and CH4), ii) sensible heat energy (e.g. product gas temperature appx. 700 – 800°C)
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and iii) unreacted fine char carried over to the lime kiln burner. The typical heating value of the product gas varies between 5 and 7 MJ/nm3.
Image: ANDRITZ kraft pulp mill
Table Feedstock Hours in Start-up Biomass Product By Plant name Type Status capacity dry operation Year type MW Product tons per year days Klabin, Ortigueira, Brazil CP UC 2021 Euca. chips 89,000 51 MW n/a Shouguang Meilun, China CP OP 2019 Euca. chips 146,000 80 MW n/a Yearly Chenming, Zhanjiang, China CP OP 2015 Euca. chips 125,000 65 MW n/a Yearly Metsä Fibre, Joutseno, Finland CP OP 2012 Nordic bark 81,000 48 MW n/a Yearly CP: Commercial plant UC: Under construction OP: Operational
Contact Jean Taillon, Product Director, Gasification Plant [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES AXENS (2021 Submission)
Technology area Large Biomass Gasification
Technology Developed Road transport and aviation sectors face multiple challenges: reducing their dependence on fossil resources with cost-competitive solutions and addressing the growing environmental concerns and sustainability regulations. BioTfueL® technology addresses these challenges through a thermochemical pathway from lignocellulosic biomass to pr oduce advanced biofuels (2nd generation biofuels). This technology can process agricultural and forest residues as feedstock and is therefore complementary to 1st generation biofuels. BioTfueL® combines, in a complete and fully integrated BTL chain, proven technologies from key industrial players.
1- This step consists in both drying and torrefying the biomass. It aims to homogenize feedstock quality, ease the biomass final grinding into powder and increase storage stability and biomass energy density. Flexible process conditions allow to adapt to changes in biomass quality and supply strategy.
2- The applied uhde® entrained-flow gasification Process with Direct Quench (PDQ) is a high temperature partial oxidation converting carbonaceous material into tar free syngas.
3- Syngas is conditioned to Fischer-Tropsch requirement by
adjusting the H2/CO ratio via a Water Gas Shift reaction, followed by acid gas removal and a final purification.
4- Gasel® technology uses CO & H2 building blocks to form long chains of liquid hydrocarbons. The reaction takes place in a three- phase Slurry Bubble Column (SBC). The SBC allows perfect control of the high exothermicity and good homogeneity of the reaction. FT products are then upgraded toward the targeted products.
The BioTfueL® consortium decided to invest in the construction of two demonstration plants in order to debunk risks for industrialization. Photos of the 2 Demo plants are given below:
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Pretreatment Demo unit in AVRIL site – Venette Gasification to FT Demo unit in TOTAL site – Dunkirk
Start- Feedstock Type PP, Biomass Product By Hours in Plant name Status up capacity DP or CP type tonnes/year product operation Year tonnes/year Biomass Wood, pretreatment, 3 t/h Operati Straw, Venette DP 2017 biomass FT products N/A N/A onal Energy & Gasification to FT, (dry basis) crops Dunkirk
Contact Varun GINOTRA - Business Development Manager [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Skive Fjernvarme a.m.b.a. (2021 Submission)
Editor’s Note: The Skive Fjernvarme plant was co-financed by both the European Commission and the US Department of Energy and it has the longest continuing service of any gasification-based CHP plant globally.
Technology area Large Biomass Gasification in CHP application
Technology Developed The technology applied is air-blown pressurized bubbling fluidized bed gasification of biomass to generate gas for combined heat and power production. The gasification technology was invented by GTI/USA and further developed by Carbona/Finland, now Andritz/Finland. The raw gas is cleaned and cooled and combusted in three gas engines and optionally in two gas boilers. The gas cleaning includes high temperature catalytic tar reforming, gas cooling, gas filtration and water scrubbing/drying of the gas. The tar reforming monolith catalyst was developed by Haldor Topsøe A/S in Denmark. The gasification plant system pressure is 2 barg. The gas is cooled from 875 C gasifier temperature to 40 C engine inlet gas temperature. The gas is a typical air-blown, low-calorific-value gas containing combustibles as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane. The biomass fuel is wood pellet. The gasification plant is designed to use wood chips as alternate fuel. The fuel feeding system is based on lock hoppers.
The gas engines are of GEJ 620 type, generating 2 MW electricity each. The heat from gas cooling, gas scrubbing and gas engines is recovered to produce 11,5 MW district heat for the town of Skive.
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Table
Type PP, Feedstock Start-up Biomass Product By Hours in Plant name DP or Status capacity Year type tonnes/year product operation CP tonnes/year 90% 11,5 MW Skive availability wood 125 heat Fjernvarme CP Operational 2008 n/a for pellets Ton/day + 6 MW a.m.b.a. heating electric season
Nominal biomass feed 19.5 MWth, max. 28 MWth (150 ton/day)
Power generation 6 MW (3x2MW GEJ620 gas engines) + 11.5 MW district heat in CHP mode
Optional gas consumers 2x10 MWth gas boilers.
The Skive Fjernvarme plant was from the start built as a demonstration plant and it has the longest continuing service of any gasification-based CHP plant globally. In addition to financial support by the European Commission and the US Department of Energy the project also received financial support by the Danish Energy Agency.
Contact
Tage Meltofte Adm. direktør / CEO [email protected]
Tel. +45 9752 0966 Mob. +45 6120 7582
Marius Jensens Vej 3 DK-7800 Skive
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ThermoChem Recovery International (2021 Update)
Technology Waste biomass to SAF
Area Thermochemical Conversion to advanced biofuels
Thermo-chemical biorefinery systems process a wide range of biogenic feedstocks and can be built to economically profitable scales, operate continuously and achieve high-conversion energy efficiencies while providing superior environmental solutions. TRI’s proprietary systems provide feedstock flexibility which enables bioenergy operators to vary input based on comparative costs or BTU content (i.e., the lowest delivered cost of carbon to the plant gate) allowing maximum profitability during changing market conditions. The TRI system is fully scalable from 500 to 2,000 dry tons per day of biomass with a single steam reforming vessel. The TRI gasification system is a two-stage technology that utilizes an indirectly-heated, medium-temperature, deep fluidized bed steam reformer with a smaller higher temperature, fluidized bed second stage to generate a reliable syngas stream from feedstocks with highly variable moisture, calorific value an contaminant contents such as sorted MSW. TRI has demonstrated that the technology can transform waste wood and everyday garbage into jet fuel using proven and mature Fischer-Tropsch conversion technology. Using garbage, waste wood, energy crops, agri- waste, animal waste, etc. we can create jet fuel, diesel, gasoline, chemicals, green power and other renewable energy.
Location: Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Status: Demonstration plant
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock By product Hours in name Year type capacity Product operation Durham Operational 2009 All waste 4 dry Fischer- 13,000 DP Tropsch biomass tons/day Fuels
Status: Commercial plant Phase 1 – FT liquids (syncrude) Phase 2 – SAF
Type Status Start- Biomass Feedstock By product Hours in Product Plant up type capacity operation name Year Under SRF/RDF 500 dry 11MM GPY Sierra CP construction 2021 tons/day
GPY: gallons per year
Location: Tahoe Industrial Park, Reno Nevada, USA.
Contacts Dan Burciaga, President & CEO [email protected]
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Valmet Technologies (2021 Submission)
Technology area Large biomass gasification
Technology Developed Circulating fluidized bed gasification (CFB) to enable biomass utilization as a fuel in coal boilers and industrial kilns. Unit scale is 50 – 300 MW. Typical customer is pulp- or power industry.
Type Start- Feedstock Plant Biomass By Hours in PP, DP Status up capacity Product name type product operation or CP Year MW Vaskiluoto, Forest District CP Operational 2012 140 56 MWe > 50 000 Finland biomass heat OKI, Bark, CP Operational 2017 2*110 2500 t/d CaO N/A > 30 000 Indonesia wood Huanggang, Bark, CP Operational 2018 50 900 t/d CaO N/A > 20 000 China wood Äänekoski, Bark, CP Operational 2018 87 1250 t/d CaO N/A > 20 000 Finland wood Sao Paulo, Under Bark, CP 2021 2*87 2500 t/d CaO N/A Brazil construction wood Kemi, Under Bark, CP 2022 100 1400 t/d CaO N/A Finland construction wood
Contact Vesa Helanti, Product Manager, Gasification [email protected]
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Velocys (2021 Submission)
Technology Waste (including waste biomass) to SAF
Area Thermochemical conversion to advanced biofuels
Velocys offers proprietary technology for the Fischer- Tropsch process, the synthesis of paraffinic hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen (synthesis gas). This enables the production of renewable fuels, notable Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) from a wide variety of carbon sources, including municipal solid waste (MSW) or waste biomass via Commercial scale reactor gasification, as well as from atmospheric CO2 and renewable energy (power-to-liquids or e-fuels).
Velocys technology comprises a unique microchannel reactor design, providing exceptional heat transfer performance, and a highly active and stable cobalt catalyst. The technology is modular, enabling plants to be adapted cost-effectively to the scale of the feedstock available without any scaling issues. The technology has had almost 20 years of development and testing at laboratory and pilot scales, including an integrated demonstration with TRI at their facility in Durham, North Carolina, and culminating in a full-scale commercial demonstration in Oklahoma (see below).
Velocys licenses its technology to third parties but has also extended its capabilities to the design and optimisation of integrated biomass- and waste-to-fuels plants. Velocys is developing two commercial SAF projects, one from biomass in Natchez, Mississippi, USA, and one from MSW in Immingham, UK (details below). Both use the TRI gasification system and the same syngas cleaning and product upgrading technologies.
Technology demonstrated at full scale in Oklahoma City, 2017-18
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Full scale commercial demonstration of Fischer Tropsch technology Status: operated and decommissioned
Type Feedstock Plant Start-up Biomass Product By Hours in PP, DP Status capacity name Year type tonnes/year product operation or CP tonnes/year ENVIA, Fuels and Landfill Oklahoma DP Operated 2017* waxes - 6,000 gas City 11,000 * decommissioned from 2018
Integrated waste-to-Sustainable Aviation Fuel project Status: in development
Type Feedstock Plant Start-up Biomass Product By Hours in PP, DP Status capacity name Year type tonnes/year product operation or CP tonnes/year In Altalto Target Naphtha CP develop- MSW 600,000 SAF 37,000 - Immingham 2025 13,000 ment
Contact Neville Hargreaves, VP Waste to Fuels [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Pyrolysis
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES BTG Bioliquids (2021 Update)
Technology area Fast pyrolysis
Technology Developed Our world needs renewable solutions for the production of energy and chemicals. As the leading fast pyrolysis technology provider we want to be part of these solutions: we deliver production plants that convert sustainable biomass residues into Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil (FPBO) that can replace fossil fuels.
We do not compete for land or with the food chain and create value by converting your biomass residues into FPBO.
The most distinctive asset of our patented technology is the Rotating Cone Reactor (RCR). It allows for intense mixing without the use of an inert carrier gas. The RCR design results in a remarkably small reactor, reduced system complexity, a minimal downstream equipment size, lower CAPEX and OPEX compared to other pyrolysis technologies.
Our skid mounted modules ensure shortest possible onsite plant reassembly.
FPBO offers many interesting opportunities for the production of sustainable transport fuels, biobased chemicals and heat. FPBO bridges the gap between agriculture and industry, providing nature-based alternatives for a wide range of conventional products.
Start- Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type Status up type capacity Product By operation/ Year tonnes/year tonnes/year product/year year CP 2015 Fast Steam 61.000 7.300 Empyro, Operational Wood 36.000 Pyrolysis Bio MWh Hengelo, The residues Oil 24.000 Netherlands
Any other info Since 2015 Empyro is in commercial operation and all Fast Pyrolysis Bio Oil has been sold to
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their customer FrieslandCampina in Borculo, The Netherlands. They replace natural gas with Fast Pyrolysis Bio Oil and generate an up to 90% GHG reduction.
Start- Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type Status up type capacity Product By operation/ Year tonnes/year tonnes/year product/year year Fast Steam 7.300 GFN, Lieksa, Operational sawdust 36.000 CP 2020 Pyrolysis Bio 61.000 MWh Finland Oil 24.000
Any other info Due to the modular plant building concept only very limited amount of time is needed for on-site reassembly, commissioning and start-up of commercial production. At Green Fuel Nordic (GFN) this was done in approximately 3 months.
Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type Status Year type capacity Product By operation/ tonnes/year tonnes/year product/year year 2021 sawdust 36.000 Steam 7.300 Pyrocell, Under Fast Pyrolysis CP 61.000 MWh Gävle, Sweden construction / Bio Oil commissioning 24.000
Any other info Pyrocell is a joint venture of Setra Group and Preem. Preem will co-process the Fast Pyrolysis Bio Oil at the Lysekil refinery for transport fuels. All modules have been shipped to Sweden recently and on-site reassembly will start mid of 2021, first commercial production is scheduled for Q4 2021.
Contact Mr. Gerhard Muggen, Managing Director e-mail: [email protected]
Mr. Mark Richters, Marketing & Sales Manager [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Update)
Technology developed Reliance Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction (RCAT-HTL) process
Technology area Bio-fuels
Reliance Catalytic Hydrothermal liquefaction – ‘RCAT-HTL’ process developed by Reliance Industries Ltd. uses unique feed-specific catalysts and “water”, inherent to most organic bio-wastes, as reaction medium to produce energy-rich bio-crude, char and fertilizer rich water stream. Reliance’s proprietary catalysts provides superior liquid product yields, with highest conversion of energy in the feed to renewable bio-crude. The process is relatively simple with known reactor type and simple product separation, non-exotic metallurgy and catalyst is recyclable. RCAT-HTL process is essentially feed-stock agnostic and can process variety of organic wastes such as municipal solid waste, food waste, agri-residues, etc., This waste to wealth technology is uniquely positioned to address the “Climate-Energy- Water” challenge facing humanity. Proprietary RCAT- HTL technology was initially
developed as a part of the “Algae to renewable oil (A2O)” program– an RIL initiative for CO2 mitigation. The technology was further enhanced to convert organic waste streams to bio- crude. We have scaled-up, the process from laboratory to a small demo scale plant operating at Jamnagar.
The energy-rich RCAT HTL bio-crude can be directly used for heating & power generation or processed in a conventional refinery in various existing units to produce drop-in green transportation fuels or chemicals without additional capex. Alternatively, the bio-crude can also be hydro-processed into drop-in green transportation fuels at a standalone facility. Transportation fuels derived from RCAT HTL biocrude have been successfully tested and showed similar performance to conventional fuels.
The world’s largest RCAT-HTL demonstration unit in operating near our Jamnagar refinery. This technology is currently at TRL Level 7 with significant operational experience at continuous demo-and bench scale units, as well as batch scale experiments using 10+ feed-stocks, and various catalysts. With accumulated operating experience we are confident to design and operate commercial scale facility.
Figure 1: Block Flow Diagram of Reliance Catalytic HTL Process EUBCE | 77 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
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Figure 2: Reliance RCAT HTL demo plant) Figure 3: Hydro-processing pilot plant
Established in India Reliance Industries Limited is a Fortune 500 company and the largest private sector corporation in India. RIL has strong foothold in the field of Refining & Marketing, Petrochemicals, Oil & Gas, Retail, Digital Services and Media & Entertainment. RIL has state-of-the-art R&D facilities with research spanning across refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology and nanotechnology.
Contact Dr Rajaram Ghadge, Assistant Vice President [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission)
Technology Algae-to-Oil (A2O)
Technology Area Biofuels
Microalgae are one of the most promising long-term sustainable sources of energy, food, feed, nutrition and biomaterials because of their high photosynthetic efficiency and their potential
for using CO2, abundant sunlight, non-agricultural land, and non-potable water.
RIL operates one of the world’s largest integrated pilot scale microalgae-based biofuel production R&D facilities at Gagva near Jamnagar, India. Algae-to-Oil (A2O) technology program
is RIL’s flagship renewable energy endeavour for CO2 mitigation. RIL has successfully demonstrated end-to-end value-chain of cultivation of non-GM algae strains, harvesting/dewatering of algal biomass and converting it into renewable crude bio-oil (CBO). Since it started, we have developed several proprietary technologies and know-hows including a large collection of wild-type microalgae strains, an efficient and low-cost open pond design
with novel culture mixing and CO2 supply systems, robust microalgae cultivation practices with higher biomass productivities and near stoichiometric nutrients consumption, a cost effective dewatering process and catalytic hydro-thermal conversion (RCAT-HTL) and different pathways of upgrading CBO into drop-in renewable fuels in the conventional fossil-based refinery configurations. The technology has reached a major milestone of de-risking all the critical elements in the value-chain. With available credits in the EU and the US markets, the drop-in renewable fuels from algal crude bio-oil are commercially viable.
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Product Plant Type PP, Start-up Biomass/ Raw Feedstock capacity By Hours in Status tonnes/ name DP or CP Year material type tonnes/year product operation year 534 (tonnes/year algae Algae 1,360 (tonnes/year 267 A2O PP Operational 2016 CO Bio-char 24X7 2 CO CBO Seawater 2 5347705 (m3/y of seawater
Established in India Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is a Fortune 500 company and the largest private sector corporation in India. RIL has strong foothold in the field of Refining & Marketing, Petrochemicals, Oil & Gas, Retail, Digital Services and Media & Entertainment. RIL has state-of- the-art R&D facilities with research spanning across refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology and nanotechnology.
Contact Dr. Santanu Dasgupta [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Alchemy Enersol International (2020 Submission)
Technology developed : Waste to Mixed Alcohol
Technology developed in two parts A. Waste to Syngas – Plasma Enhanced Gasification System (PEGS®) Technology owned by Enersol technologies Inc, Virginia USA, originally supported by US Dept of Defence and Dep’t of Xnergy. All patents held by the company. The design is modular in nature B. Syngas to mixed alcohols – Catalytic Alcohol Synthesis System (CASS). Technology and patents owned by Western Research Institute, Wyoming and technology development is part funded by US DoE The mixed alcohol can then be separated into Ethanol, Methanol Propanol having industrial grade specifications, in case customer so desires. The mixed alcohol produced is in fact can be directly blended and is a better blend than ethanol. Feedstock; Municipal solid waste, plastics, agri-waste / biomass (woodchips, rice straw, cotton, maize, walnut shell, pine nut etc), hazardous waste, Petcoke, tyres, textiles, bio-medical waste, etc. Individually and in mixed manner.
A. Plasma Enhanced Gasification System (PEGS®) Process; Staged Plasma Gasification. Emission is better than US EPA standards Bottom residue; slag, non-toxic Syngas from PEGS® is without any tars and is further cleaned in the Gas cleaning system that is suitable for conversion into Ethanol/Methanol or for producing electricity through a gas engine. Waste having moisture up to 45 – 55% level is acceptable. Gasifier is modular design. Expansion in 50, 100 , 250 TPD possible B. Catalytic Alcohol Synthesis System (CASS) Process - Conversion of Syngas into Mixed Alcohols through a catalyst process. The catalyst for the process developed by Western Research Institute (WRI), Wyoming, USA, and patents held by WRI. Mixed alcohol stream can be separated by distillation into ethanol, methanol and propanol if required. Reaction being exothermic, there is surplus electricity available for export. Technology developed at 2 barrels per day level (Syngas volume equivalent to approx. 4 – 5 TPD of RDF derived from MSW). Commercialisation: Both Technologies ready for commercialisation in India. Commercial bids submitted in US for waste to mixed alcohol
Technology Advantages: - Process is feed agnostic - Variety of feed individually & in mixed manner acceptable - Water required only for cooling and waste steam generation. No process Water - Environmentally safe, nothing to Landfill, Residue in Slag form which is non-toxic - Capex & Opex; At 100 kl per day Ethanol, capex and opex lower than the Biological route
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Current Status PEGS® Technology ( Waste to Syngas) developed by Enersol Technologies USA at 5 TPD (mobile) / 10TPD (fixed Installation) level and engineering carried out for 150 TPD facilities, CASS Technology (Syngas to Mixed alcohol) developed by WRI , USA at 2 barrels per day level (Syngas volume equivalent to approx. 4 – 5 TPD of RDF derived from MSW).
Discussions are at advance stage for a project of 100 kl per day Ethanol capacity. From date of finalisation project can be implemented within 24 months.
Contact Person Radhakrishnan Srinivasan Chairman & Managing Director Alchemy Enersol International Pvt Ltd A 104, Logix Technova, Sector 132 Noida – 201304, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail [email protected] Ph nos +91 120 4253691; +91 120 4277747; +91 98711 83886, +91 93151 73168 Fax +91 120 4573356 www.enersolindia.com
Demo plants:
Plasma Enhanced Gasification System (PEGS®), Enersol Technologies Virginia USA
Catalytic Alcohol Synthesis Process (CASS), WRI, Wyoming, USA
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AXENS (2020 Submission)
Vegan®
Vegan® technology is a flexible solution for producing renewable diesel and jet through the hydrotreatment of a wide range of lipids. This technology allows producers to effectively address today’s environmental concerns and secure energy diversification with “drop-in” premium quality products. Vegan® technology is based on catalysts developed, manufactured and provided by Axens. Axens notable know-how in lipids processing, middle distillates hydrotreatment and hydrocracking/hydro-isomerization - associated with extensive pilot testing and accurate predictive models - ensures Vegan® technology the flexibility to convert all vegetable oils and animal fats, including used cooking oil (UCO) and algal oil. Vegan® technology is a simple 2-step process producing renewable diesel and jet with excellent properties. Vegan® can be easily tuned to match the required boiling range and cold flow properties of the desired product. Producers can thus balance production between Diesel or Jet fuel to meet market demand. Regarding the technology implementation, Vegan® perfectly fits standalone, integrated or revamped refinery environments. Axens’ experience and customized approach help to evaluate the potential of the project.
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Commercial plant
Plant Type Start-up Biomass Hours in Status Capacity By product name D/C year type Product operation Lipidic Total La feestocks – 1500 Commerci al Start-up 2019 500 000 t/y N/A N/A Mède customer tonnes/day confidential HVO
The TOTAL La Mède reference will be the first Vegan® unit in operation and extends decades of petroleum fuel production knowledge to the next generation of renewable biofuel production:
https://www.total.com/en/energy-expertise/projects/bioenergies/la-mede-a-forward-looking-facility
TOTAL La Mède: A Forward-Looking Facility
Established in India
Axens has been a market leader for technology licensing in India since the 1970’s with more than 120 licensed units. After the recent takeover of Heurtey Petrochemicals, we offer a complete range of solutions including technologies, equipment, furnaces, modular units, catalysts and services for Refining, Petrochemicals, Renewables, Gas & Water. With two offices in Delhi and Mumbai and one manufacturing yard at Por, Baroda (Gujarat), Axens responds in an agile way to clients new requirements and market changes.
Contact SAHA Siddhartha - Country Head - Sales & Marketing, Sales PCA [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (2020 Submission)
Biofuel for Aviation – Sustainable Indigenous Development
Used cooking oils and non-edible oils valorization for bio-aviation fuels production have immense potential, with economic, societal and environmental benefits. CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun (CSIR-IIP), a research lab of the autonomous Council of Scientific and Industrial Research under the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, has developed and demonstrated technology for production of renewable green aviation fuel from non-edible oils and waste oils.
The demonstration plant is based on a patented catalyst and process by CSIR-IIP (EP 3191565; US20170253808A1), produces bio-aviation fuel which is more energy efficient, economical and environment-friendly (<10 ppm sulfur, reduced NOx and COx), meets ASTM D 7566 and ASTM D1655 (after blending with fossil-derived Aviation Turbine Fuel) as well as the IS 17081:2019 specification for Bio- ATF.
Besides production of green aviation biofuel, the technology also produces low sulfur (<10 ppm) diesel (80-90 cetane), renewable naphtha and light gases. Bio-jet yield is in the range of 25-30% by mass of the liquid product yield with H2 consumption of about 0.03-0.05 MT H2/MT oil processed.
The infrastructure for a CSIR-IIP Bio-jet plant is very similar to a conventional Hydrocracker unit. Till March 2019, CSIR-IIP has produced approximately 2600 litres of Bio-Aviation fuel. This has been supplied to Spicejet Ltd. for India’s 1st Biofuel flight on August, 27, 2018 on the Bombardier Q-400 turboprop aircraft with PW150A twin engines (at 25% blend in one engine), and to Indian Air Force (IAF) for testing on the Russian Antonov AN-32, medium-range military transport aircraft with Ivchenko AI-20 Soviet turboprop twin-engine (10% blend). After successful trials and laboratory tests, the fuel produced at CSIR-IIP was used by the IAF during the Indian Republic Day fly-past on January 26, 2019.
Demonstration scale/Commercial plant established in India
Feedstock Co-products Plant Start-up Biomass capacity Product Hours in Type D/C Status (Tons/day) name year type (Tons / day) (Tons/day) operation Non-edible oils like Bio- 0.04 A) 0.07 (Diesel) Operati jatropha, Aviation Demonstr 2018-19 0.24 (Bio-Aviation B) 0.02 (Naphtha) 1200 hrs onal pongamia, Fuel Plant ation fuel) C) 0.002 (LPG) used cooking oil
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CSIR-IIP is the only institute in India, having a demonstration-scale plant established for the production of bio-aviation and renewable diesel fuels. A team of 40 trained personnel including scientists, technical staff and project assistants are working for its operation, maintenance, research and development and exploring the business potential
Contact Dr. Anjan Ray, Director, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, India [email protected]
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Honeywell UOP (2020 Submission)
Technology developed - RTPTM Technology/ FCC Coprocessing
Envergent Technologies- A Honeywell Company offers a practical and commercially proven path to green fuel and green energy, capable of converting low value biomass into a high value liquid asset. Our RTPTM (rapid thermal processing) technology is a fast-thermal conversion process used to convert biomass feedstocks, usually agricultural or forest residuals, into Renewable Fuel Oil (RFO) or Bio-Crude - a light, pourable, clean-burning energy dense liquid biofuel.
Beauty of our Rapid Thermal Process (RTPTM) lies in its simplicity. In less than 2 seconds, RTP process can convert a wide range of biomass feedstock into Renewable Fuel Oil. During the process, biomass is heated rapidly to approximately 500⁰C in the absence of oxygen. A circulating transported fluidized bed reactor system is at the heart of the process. A tornado of hot sand vaporizes the biomass, which is then cooled rapidly, typically yielding 65%-75% of RFO, a biofuel that has a potential to reduce GHG emissions by 79%- 90% compared to fossil fuels. A basic process schematic of the RTP technology unit can be viewed below:
RFO contains almost no sulfur and is virtually carbon-neutral. This energy dense, pourable liquid can be stored and shipped easily; unlike biomass which has its own challenges for storage and transportation due to low bulk density and low energy density. RFO can be used in a variety of application, such as space heating, residential or district heating, industrial process heating (furnace, kilns or boilers) or can be easily upgraded using UOE’s FCC Coprocessing process into drop-in sustainable fuels like gasoline and diesel.
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Status - Commercial installation since 1980’s
On Commercial success front for the RTP technology, that is the backbone of this biocrude coprocessing pathway, our RTE process is behind World’s biggest Biomass Fast Eyrolysis units ever built. Total 6 units have been operating in US and Canada for many years, with first commercialization that goes back to 1980’s. Seventh unit which is also World’s biggest Fast Eyrolysis unit, located at AX Cote Nord in Quebec, Canada is in the final stage of commissioning. Customer visits can be arranged at appropriate time to our commercial unit in Canada, if desired.
On FCC Coprocessing front, till date UOP has worked with numerous refining customers at various scales (lab, pilot plant, and commercial) to assess concerns related to integrating this technology into existing refining and downstream infrastructure, maintaining process equipment reliability and managing consistent in-spec product quality. After 4 commercial scale co-processing trials and extensive stage-gate process over last few years since 2012, multiple full-scale commercial installation of FCC Co-processing technology is in progress in USA, Europe, Asia.
RTP Unit, Ensyn in Renfrew Canada RTP Unit, AECN in Quebec, Canada
Established in India On February 11th 2019, an MOU was signed by our customer Virgo Corporation with Punjab State Government in presence of Hon’ble Chief Minister Eunjab Mr. Amarinder Singh and Hon’ble US Ambassador to India Mr. Kenneth I Juster. Eroposed plan is for setting up World’s Biggest Commercial RTE plant, capable of processing 400 Bone Dry MT/Day of surplus agri-residues such as Paddy Straw, wheat straw in the state of Punjab, which are otherwise burnt in the field causing environmental damage. https://in.usembassy.gov/u-s-embassy-celebrates-mou-u-s-company-supplies-technology-to- turn-crop- stubble-into-biofuel
Contact Dharmesh Mahajan, Bio-Renewable Business Development Leader (India & Africa) [email protected]
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LanzaTech (2021 Update)
Technology area
LanzaTech’s flexible platform fits all of the following areas:
- Large Biomass Gasification - Small scale thermochemical Conversion - Gas fermentation - Low carbon fuels - Bio-based products - Other (Recycled Carbon Fuels)
Technology developed
LanzaTech is an integrated platform technology provider with core capabilities in gas fermentation and has commercialized a biological gas fermentation platform that produces fuels and chemicals from industrial waste emissions and other waste carbon sources. Gas fermentation, a form of carbon capture and utilization (CCU), employs microbes that live on the carbon from gases rather than sugars.
The robustness of LanzaTech’s microbial system enables it to use a variety of point-sourced, non-food, low-cost, and highly abundant feedstocks. LanzaTech has already commercialized its technology in the steel sector, while working with partners to develop commercial projects using refinery off-gases, ferro-alloy off-gases and syngas produced from gasified biomass and municipal solid waste.
From Steel Mills to Direct Air Capture: A Transitional Platform for a Sustainable Future By taking a focused approach to deploying its technology, the company’s initial scale up work has been with low value, easily accessible, carbon rich off gases from industrial processes such as steel mills, ferro-alloy plants and petroleum refineries. LanzaTech is now scaling up the capability to transform solid wastes and residues such as agricultural wastes and forestry residues and municipal solid waste (MSW) with an additional process step of gasification added onto the core gas fermentation platform.
The concept of adding modules to the core fermentation platform is further exemplified by the
addition of technologies to directly capture CO2. Waste gas streams comprised primarily of CO2
are challenging due to the need for an additional energy source. CO2 electrolysis, however, can produce CO using electricity to provide the energy required for the chemical reduction.
Alternatively, electrolysis can be used to produce H2 from water; the hydrogen can be used to
convert CO2 directly via reverse water gas shift followed by gas fermentation. By developing and integrating these approaches, LanzaTech’s gas fermentation platform is positioned to take
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advantage of the expected continued price reductions and capacity increases for renewable electricity maximizing utilization of CO2 streams. The modular approach is shown below.
LanzaTech's Commercial Facility in China
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Start- Feedstock Status up Biomass Hours in Plant name Type D/C capacity Product By product year type operation Microbes fed 46,000 Shougang- animal feed; C Operating 2018 by steel N/A tonnes/yea 3 years LanzaTech biogas (China)2 offgas r ethanol Shougang: Microbes fed 46,000 Shoulang Under animal feed; 2021 by ferroalloy N/A tonnes/yea N/A Jiyuan C commissioning biogas offgas r ethanol (China) ArcelorMitta Microbes fed 62,000 l (Gent, C Construction 2022 by steel N/A tonnes/year n/a N/A Belgium)3 offgas ethanol Microbes fed 34,000 animal feed; IndianOil C Construction 2022 by refinery N/A tonnes/year N/A 4 biogas (Panipat) offgas ethanol Microbes fed 46,000 Shougang: by animal feed; C Engineering 2022 N/A tonnes/year N/A Guizhou magnesium biogas ethanol Jinze (China) alloy offgas Microbes fed Sekisui5 D Construction 2022 by gasified N/A - n/a N/A MSW Microbes fed Swayana animal feed; C Engineering TBD by ferroalloy N/A - N/A (South biogas Africa) offgas 16,000 Ag biomass 6 C Engineering TBD N/A tonnes/year n/a N/A MRPL waste ethanol
Contact Freya Burton, Chief Sustainability Officer [email protected]
2 https://www.biofuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2019/10/08/lanzatechs-china-jv-produces-more-than-9-million-gallons-of-ethanol-from-steel-mill-emissions/ 3 http://www.steelanol.eu/en 4 https://www.greencarcongress.com/2017/07/20170711-lanzatech.html 5 https://www.sekisuichemical.com/whatsnew/2020/1349043_36556.html 6 https://www.chemengonline.com/mangalore-refinery-contracts-lanzatech-for-bio-ethanol-production-unit/
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Politecnico di Torino (2021 Submission)
Technology area Hydrogen and fuel cells in bioenergy
Technology Developed The technology installed in the DEMOSOFC plant1 is the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology (SOFC), used as CHP (Combined Heat and Power) fed by biogas. The DEMOSOFC project, funded by FCH-JU, put into operation the largest industrial-size biogas-fed fuel cell plant in Europe, located near Torino (IT).
The installed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system allows converting biogas produced by the wastewater treatment plant into electrical energy and heat with zero polluting emissions. Both these clean resources allow the plant to decrease significantly the operative costs (purchasing of electricity from the grid).
Key advantages of the DEMOSOFC concept, compared to traditional internal combustion engines and microturbines is the very high electrical efficiency (50-60% compared to 35-40% for traditional engines), zero pollutants emissions (NOx, SOx, PM, VOC) and modularity: the SOFC technology shows in fact stable performance despite the plant size (from kW to hundreds of kW to, in perspective, MW-size).
Thanks to the anaerobic digestion, sludge is turned into a useful fuel – biogas – consisting of methane and carbon dioxide. This 100% renewable fuel is fed to an innovative Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), producing high efficiency electrical power, heat with zero emissions to the atmosphere.
The DEMOSOFC plant is able to generate, from a by-product of the wastewater purification line, CHP energy for the plant. The installed 100 kWe system (2 modules, around 50 kW each) is able to cover around 25% of the plant electrical load and around 50% of the thermal load on a yearly basis.
The first SOFC modules started its operation in the Collegno site (Torino, IT) on October 2017 and the second on October 2018. The DEMOSOFC plant has now reached more than 14,150 hours of operation. Results confirmed the high efficiency of the SOFC module (always higher than 50%, with peaks at 55-56%) and the zero emissions to atmosphere. A dedicated onsite emissions analysis – carried out by the Finnish partner VTT in 2017 and in 2021 – showed that all potential pollutants (NOx, SOx, particulates, VOC, etc.) are below detection limits of the traditional instrumentation (e.g. < 20 mg/m3 for NOx and < 8 mg/m3 for SO2).
The replication potential of this installation is significant. The DEMOSOFC project estimated that, among the 23,423 wastewater treatment plants in Europe, more than 50% are small- medium size plants, where the installation of a traditional piston engine is significantly less
1 https://demosofc.wordpress.com/
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES efficient. The potential SOFC power installation in the wastewater treatment sector in Europe ranges from 930 to 2550 MWe. Furthermore, the DEMOSOF concept could be replicated in other biogas sectors like organic fraction of municipal solid waste treatment, agriculture, food industry and landfill.
Plant layout and photos are available below.
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Table
Feedstock Start-up Biomass Product By Plant name Type Status capacity Hours in operation Year type tonnes/y product tonnes/y The plant Waste (100 kW) at water 100 kW Biogas full power treatment electricity DEMOSOFC plant October from has a DP Operational plant size: and 30 kW >14,150 (Collegno, Turin, IT) 2017 sewage maximum 180’000 heat sludge consumpti equivalent produced. on of 35-40 inhabitants m3/h
Any other info
All the documents published and under publication within the project are available at the following link: http://www.demosofc.eu/?p=861
Contacts Marta Gandiglio [email protected] Massimo Santarelli [email protected] For the SOFC technology: Convion Oy, Tuomas Hakala, [email protected]
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RE-CORD (2020 Submission)
Renewable Energy COnsortium for R&D
Biomass Slow Pyrolysis in rotating kiln and fixed bed (oxidative Pyrolysis)
The systems developed allows for carbonisation of lignocellulosic biomasses and at the same time delivery of high temperature heat. Rotating kiln can process many different types of biomasses, from woody to herbaceous, while the fixed bed reactor can accept woody biomasses or briquetted/compacted materials. The rotating kiln system, developed in collaboration with our partner LineaRetta, is available at 100, 500, 1000 and 5000 kg/h size (feed at inlet), while fixed bed oxidative pyrolysis is available in the range of 50- 250 kg/h. The rotating kiln system technology is suitable for integration in large scale supply chains for the production of advanced biofuel, providing heat for biomass drying as well as biochar for the soil. Technology supply from the EU, or know-how/transfer and manufacturing agreement with Indian companies are possible.
Status of technology: Commercial/Demo plant (rotating kiln)
Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Status By product Plant name D/C year type capacity Product operation
TGE C Completed 2005 Wood 1000 kg/h 10-15 kg/h Heat -
Varese D Completed 2010 Wood 50 kg/h 10-15 kg/h Heat -
1100 kW GT CC-Pyro D Completed 2010 Wood or 4 t/h Heat RDF + 4500 kW ST -
Heat (diathermic Meat & Bone D Completed 2005 MBM 350-500 kg/h Heat oil) -
Tecnoparco D Completed 2008 Wood 500 kg/h 250 kWe Heat -
Test D Completed - Various 100 kg/h Biochar Heat -
Demo plant (Oxidative pyrolysis)
Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Status By product Plant name D/C year type capacity Product operation
CARBO D Completed 2014 Wood 50 kg/h 12 kg/h Heat -
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Established in India - Not yet established in India, as of March 2019.
Contact David Chiaramonti, RE- CORD President [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission)
Technology Low Temperature Catalytic Gasification of Biomass to Green H2
Technology Area Biofuels
Green Hydrogen as future fuel is emerging very fast due to its superior energy density and zero emissions from its applications. H2 production through conversional fossil (SMR) route may not
be attractive in the CO2 constrained world, especially without CO2 sequestration. Therefore,
green H2 production through renewable power (solar, wind) and water electrolysis is being pursued. However, these options are relatively expensive to produce green H2, due to high capex and intermittency of renewable power. Among different renewable feed-stocks, agro biomass is naturally available in large quantity across India (spanning ~330 million hectares) with a production of ~700 MMTPA, and one estimate suggests ~200 MMTPA is surplus and large part is burnt in the field itself, causing alarming levels of particulate emission. Agro residues are burnt by farmers to clear the field for next plantation and due to lack of commercially available economic options.
RIL R&D has developed a low temperature catalytic gasification process for dry agri-biomass. Due to the catalytic nature the process operates at significantly lower temperature and dual bed gasification approach allows air to be used for catalyst regeneration and supplying heat required for gasification. Therefore, it has lower capex, opex and higher reliability than conventional high temperature thermal gasification. This process converts biomass into high
quality syngas (H2 rich; molar H2/CO>5) and no tar is generated. The overall H2 yield from biomass is ~10-12 wt%. The process has been successfully demonstrated at lab scale, bench scale and continuous pilot plant scale, and currently we are pursuing a semi-commercial scale demonstration unit. The patents for both the process and catalyst have been granted in major countries and others are in progress. Our objective is to produce green H2 at commercial scale with cost competitive to SMR. This will help to decarbonize major industries, transportation sector and reduce GHG emissions.
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Established in India Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is a Fortune 500 company and the largest private sector corporation in India. RIL has strong foothold in the field of Refining & Marketing, Petrochemicals, Oil & Gas, Retail, Digital Services and Media & Entertainment. RIL has state- of-the-art R&D facilities with research spanning across refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology and nanotechnology.
Contact Dr. Asit Das [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission)
Technology Catalytic Conversion of Waste Plastic to Oil
Technology Area Waste to Energy / Petrochemicals
Although plastics have made our life more comfortable, its misuse is creating an environmental disaster affecting water, air and soil pollution. The growing production and usage of plastics has made it an indelible part of MSW (Municipal Solid Wastes). The global production of plastic crossed 350 MT, further it is expected to go up to 550 MT by 2030. The strict present-day regulations on traditional waste management practices like incineration and landfill have necessitate to find a safer and cleaner solution of plastic disposal and to bring it back to the hydrocarbon pool as a resource and promoting circular economy. There are several pyrolysis processes developed for the conversion of waste plastic into fuel/olefins/BTX. However, these conventional thermal processes have many operational issues such as, stickiness, agglomeration, leakages, gum formation, choking, sticky char and tar deposition on the inner surface of the reactor, de-fluidization and leakages. In addition, the yield and quality of product oil is poor and requires further upgradation for blending with the commercial fuels. There is a need of continuous, commercially viable process which can address all issues reported in the thermal processes.
RIL R&D has developed a simple and innovative continuous process for the conversion of multi- layer waste plastics feed by using a low cost proprietary catalyst and re-engineering rotary kiln reactor system. This novel process helps to process as-received waste plastic without significant clean up and gives higher yield of stable high quality liquid light oil product. Depending on the type of feedstock, operating temperature, catalyst dosage the byproduct light gas can be used as fuel to meet the endothermic heat demand. The catalyst allows lower temperature operation than the thermal processes and eliminates operational issues. This simple reliable process can minimize the burden of waste plastics on the society by efficiently bringing it back in to hydrocarbon pool economically. RIL has complete the lab scale and pilot scale testing and larger scale demonstration is currently in progress.
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Established in India Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is a Fortune 500 company and the largest private sector corporation in India. RIL has strong foothold in the field of Refining & Marketing, Petrochemicals, Oil & Gas, Retail, Digital Services and Media & Entertainment. RIL has state- of-the-art R&D facilities with research spanning across refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology and nanotechnology.
Contact Dr. Asit Das [email protected]
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Shell International (2020 Submission)
Technology developed (IH² ® Technology-a Conversion Technology for Biomass to Drop-in Fuels)
Shell intends to thrive through the energy transition. One way we will do this is by producing biofuels to reduce the net carbon footprint of the fuel we sell to our customers. Through the Raízen joint venture in Brazil, Shell is one of world’s largest sugar-cane ethanol producers. Shell daily blends and distribute biofuels to meet government mandates. Shell are also developing advanced biofuels, as well as renewable natural gas (RNG), also known as biomethane, for use in natural-gas fuelled vehicles.
One advanced biofuel option Shell is pursuing is IH2, a technology conceived by US-based Gas Technology Institute (GTI) and further developed in collaboration with Shell Catalysts & Technologies. The Technology in principle can convert agricultural residues, forestry residues and other wastes (e.g. sorted municipal solid waste) into lower carbon transportation fuels, including petrol, diesel and jet-fuel on a commercial scale. The process involves two steps comprising of Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of biomass in a gas- solid-solid bubbling fluidised bed reactor followed by hydrofinishing of the gaseous reaction mixture in a fixed bed gas-solid reactor post biochar separation. A schematic of IH2 is shown in Figure 1: GAS FUEL WATER
Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of a typical IH2® plant with key process blocks
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The iH2 technology has been successfully proven on a pilot scale. In 2017 a plant was completed at Shell’s Technology Centre in Bangalore, in India, to technically demonstrate scale- up. The demonstration plant has a five tonne/day capacity and has completed several runs. The technology performance outcomes have been in line with what was expected. Following these initial runs, operations have been temporarily paused whilst necessary modifications are made to build the capacity for the plant to process higher amounts of feedstocks and run for longer periods of time. This activity will take a few months. Providing the plant works as we expect it to, Shell will collaborate with partners to commercialise the technology and make a successful business. The first commercial applications will process agricultural residues. In the future, we would also aim to use municipal solid waste.
Tests completed at pilot scale indicate that the IH2 process can recover up to 70% of bioenergy in the form of fuel and biochar. The gasoline and diesel from IH2® technology has GHG emissions reduction is estimated to in the range 70-90% on overall Life cycle analysis basis compared to fossil fuels. A number of opportunities for first commercial deployment have been evaluated in different countries, including in Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Germany, USA, Canada and India. Significant business development work is underway to understand the availability of different types of waste, globally, its composition across regions, and its compatibility for use in the production of transport fuels. We are also looking to understand the relevant regulatory and fiscal regimes and sustainability issues, and how these feedstocks are currently managed by existing supply chains.
IH2® Technology Status (Under Demonstration) 5 TPD Demonstration scale
Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Plant name Type D/C Status By product year type capacity Product operation Commissioned 1.3-1.4 in 2017, tonnes/da 5 Product in y drop in Tank achieved. iH2 Shell Demonstr Commission Wood, Agri Tonnes/day 0.6-0.75 TPD 2017 fuel when Plant Technology ation ed residue, (Moisture of Biochar full Centre, MSW and Ash enhancements capacity is Bangalore free Basis) underway. reached Planned to start back soon
Contact Mr. Andrew Murfin, General Manager, Advanced Biofuels – New Energies, Shell International, UK Email: [email protected]
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Swedish Biofuels (2020 Submission)
Technology developed Alcohol-To-Jet (ATJ) fuels and blends
Swedish Biofuels AB is based in Stockholm, Sweden. Swedish Biofuels (SB) ATJ technology is a combination of proven industrial processes together with proprietary catalysts. In its patented process, SB converts forest and agricultural waste to syngas and alcohols and then further to the mixtures of hydrocarbons forming transport fuels and individual chemicals.
SB jet fuel technology has been demonstrated on a small scale, producing jet fuel continuously from a variety of sustainable raw materials since 2009. Jet fuel has been produced, tested and sold under contract with US Defense, US Federal Aviation Authority, US Volpe Center and Swedish FMV during 2009 - 2018. Tests performed by US AirForce and US FAA confirm that the jet fuels meet the Jet A-1, Jet A, and SP-8 standards. They comply with ASTM certification and are approved for use in commercial aviation under ASTM D7566-18.
The technology has great flexibility, allowing the use of existing syngas or ethanol production facilities to “bolt on” to SB processes. The bolt on approach widens the sustainable feedstocks for the SB process and reduces the capital cost for bringing jet fuel production on stream. SB has carried out feasibility studies and basic engineering for the bolt on concept using MSW to ethanol to jet fuel, straw to ethanol to jet fuel and off-gases to ethanol to jet fuel.
Other aspects of the flexibility of the technology concern the range of products that can be produced. Production can be dedicated to jet fuel or jet fuels can be produced in combination with other fuels and chemicals, without major technical modifications. Such flexibility considerably enhances the economic resilience of the production plant.
Status Demonstration scale
Plant Type Start-up Biomass Feedstock Hours in Status By product name D/C year type capacity Product operation
Detailed Ethanol Diesel & 2G Ethanol Biojet 14.5 ATJAB Demo engineering / 2021 43.6 t/d Biogas gasoline Biogas t/d procurement 7.6 t/d 14.5 t/d
Established in India Through the EC setting up the EU-India conference on Advanced Bio Fuels in Delhi, India, a network has been developed, in India, including industry and research institutes, with the expectation of licence sales and cooperation to develop production facilities.
Contact Angelica Hull, Managing Director [email protected]
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Tomalgae C.V.B.A. (2021 Submission)
Technology area Algae & algal products
Technology Developed Tomalgae, under Dr. Victor Chepurnov, has developed the technology for cultivation of diatoms for aquaculture feeds. A production plant with about 4,000 m2 of paddle wheel mixed raceway ponds was established at Nevele, Belgium, in a greenhouse formerly growing tomatoes. The algal biomass is harvested by a combination of membranes and centrifuges, with the algal biomass freeze dried. The technology is based on the proprietary algal strains cultivation techniques developed by Dr. Chepurnov. The freeze dried feed product is now offered worldwide under a marketing agreement with Elanco Animal Health (who acquired Bayer Animal Health last year). The freeze dried product has been sold world-wide to shrimp and bivalve nursery-hatchery operations in Thailand, India, Vietnam, and other countries. The Tomalgae product provides a shelf-stable replacement for live algae feeds in such operations.
Table
Type Start- Feedstock Plant Biomass Product By Hours in PP, DP Status up capacity name type tonnes/year product operation or CP Year tonnes/year TomAlgae CP Operating 2013 Diatoms 2 tonnes/y 2 tonnes/y none ~5,000/y
Any other info Tomalgae is carrying our research on diatoms as vehicles in aquaculture health and nutrition
Contact Victor Chepurnov, [email protected] TomAlgae C.V.B.A. Graaf van Hoornestraat 1, 9850, Nevele, Deinze Belgium
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BIOPRODUCTS BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Biomaterials
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CHAPLIN (2021 Submission)
Technology developed Lignin based asphalt
Area Bio-based products
Technology Developed Bitumen is an important part of asphalt. Recently, however, the supply of bitumen has become an increasing problem; the availability and the quality are decreasing. In addition, the use of bitumen in the short and long term is not sustainable. It is fossil based and emits greenhouse gases in the production of asphalt. With lignin asphalt, on the other hand, we contribute to the
transition to a circular and biobased industry with lower CO2 emissions.
In the CHAPLIN program we replace a large part of the bitumen in the asphalt formulation by lignin in a special biobased formulation. Lignin is one of the most abundant substances in nature. About 1/3 of trees and plants consists of lignin. It has excellent adhesive and protective properties. In the CHAPLIN program we focus on biobased asphalt with premium properties.
Type Feedstock Start-up Biomass Product By Hours in Plant name PP, DP Status capacity Year type tonnes/year product operation or CP tonnes/year Various by Lignin of Various asphalt 2019- plant, NL Campaign DP Operational various N/A plants in NL 2021 total is 300 operation at TRL6/7 sources kton/yr
Location of the plants: H4A asphalt plant Terneuzen, NL ACOB asphalt plant Huissen, NL APW asphalt plant Westerbroek, NL
A lot of experience has been gained in the Netherlands with lignin asphalt. The first test strip on the road dates from 2015 and a lot of laboratory research has been carried out. Since that first test strip, the number of lignin asphalt strips has increased considerably. Nearly 15 have now been constructed: cycle paths, regional and industrial roads with different types of lignin asphalt. The overview of the test strips is included in this fact sheet.
CHGAPLIN has experience with lignin of various sources such as Kraft, hydrolysis, soda from wood and perennial crops.
In total 18 test strips with a total length of 10,4 km have been realised.
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
Laying the lignin based asphalt
In the CHAPLIN program in NL, the participants are jointly committed to further developing lignin asphalt into a fully commercially available and specified product. We do this by stimulating cooperation in the value chain and also by innovation and scaling up (for example in the CHAPLIN-TKI and -XL projects), promotion, optimizing the purchasing method, etc. With very strong support of RVO who is providing subsidies, we are investing approximately 5 MEUR in this transition. We are expanding the CHAPLIN cooperation internationally.
Contact Joop Groen, Program director CHAPLIN, [email protected] mobile +316 51918096
EUBCE | 108 BOOKLET OF TECHNOLOGIES | UPDATED TO 2021
BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
Valmet (2021 Submission)
Black Pellet Plant and BioTrac Pretreatment Valmet can in the field of black pellets/biocoal provide technology from input of biomass, to final product/black pellet (please see the schematic below). The technology is based on steam explosion using steam and no other additive in the pretreatment process. Special attention has been given to the pretreatment area, launched by the name BioTrac. The BioTrac is developed based on decades of experience in design and supply of systems to process biomass into various renewable products, e.g. pulp and fiberboard. Based on this foundation, the BioTrac has been further developed through the experiences gained by the >20 deliveries made to date. The deliveries range between pilot, demo and commercial scale. Currently six commercial size projects for various applications are in the delivery phase.
Valmet has in addition to the above a wide range of offering primarily related to pulp, paper and energy and is also offering solutions related to 2G ethanol/biochemicals, bio-oil, gasification and lignin separation in pulping (LignoBoost). For more information, please visit www.valmet.com.
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Latest references
Type Feedstock PP, Start- Plant Biomass capacity Product By- Hours in DP Status up name type tonnes/year tonnes/year product operation or year dry CP Under Confidential CP 2022 Wood 300,000 Bioproducts - - construction Under Agro Confidential CP 2022 180,000 2G ethanol - - construction waste Under Agro Confidential CP 2022 180,000 2G ethanol - - construction waste Praj Under Agro Industries, CP 2021 180,000 2G ethanol construction waste - - India Clariant, Under CP 2021 Straw 300,000 2G ethanol - Romania Construction - FICAP, Commissioning CP 2021 Wood 130,000 Black pellets - France phase -
Contact Mattias Erixon, Manager Sales [email protected]
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES • Nutraceutical and Cosmetics
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BUGGYPOWER’ S MARINE MICROALGAE-BASED PRODUCTS (2018-2021) (2021 Submission)
BUGGYPOWER is a Spanish-Portuguese blue biotechnology company, recognized worldwide for its know-how and dedication to the cultivation of marine microalgae on an industrial scale in closed photobioreactors. Based on this ingredient (marine microalgae) the company has made an intense investment effort in activities to develop new high added-value products that squeeze all the biological power of this exceptional ingredient. Continuing this new product development effort, the company now manufactures and markets these products under its own brands in the gourmet-food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic markets.
Year of commercial launch Product line 2018 ALGALENIC LABS – Nutraceutical Supplements Line
Under the Algalenic Labs® brand,a complete line of nutritional and sports supplements based on marine microalgae, with different functional effects: immune system boosting, prevention of metabolic syndrome, supplement for vegans, global supplement, etc. Online sales and distribution through pharmacies.
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Year of commercial launch Product line 2018 BLUEVERT – Luxury Marine Cosmetic Line
Under the Bluevert® brand, a complete line of luxury marine cosmetics, formulated with the exclusive ingredient Plasmarine Active Complex® (PAC). Online sales and distribution through luxury perfumeries.
Year of commercial launch Product line 2019 ALGUIMYA – Ingredient for Gourmet Catering / Restaurants
Under the Alguimya® brand, a high quality functional marine ingredient for use in gourmet / luxury catering and restaurants. Sales and distribution through the HORECA channel.
Year of commercial launch Product line 2020 SKIN PERFECTION – Marine Active Cosmetic Line
Under the Skin Perfection by Bluevert® brand, a complete line of marine active cosmetics, formulated with the exclusive ingredient Plasmarine Active Complex® (PAC). Online sales and distribution through pharmacies.
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Year of commercial launch Product line 2020 SKIN MED – Marine Active Cosmetic Medical Line
Under the Skin MED by Bluevert® brand, a complete line of marine active cosmetics for medical use, formulated with the exclusive ingredient Plasmarine Active Complex® (PAC). Online sales and distribution through aesthetic medicine clinics.
Year of commercial launch Product line 2021 SECRETS OF THE SEA (SOS) – Anti-aging Nutraceutical Supplements Line
Under the Secrets of the Sea (SOS)® brand, a complete line of nutritional supplements based on marine microalgae, with different functional effects, especially anti-aging. On-line sales and distribution through international markets.
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
CARBON CAPTURE & UTILISATION
Power to Liquids Blast furnace gas
EUBCE | 105 BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Air Liquide Global E&C
Solutions (2021 Update)
Technology developed PtL - CO2 to MeOH
Air Liquide Engineering & Construction is the engineering and construction business unit of the Air Liquide Group. Innovation is applied to a comprehensive portfolio of proprietary technologies see: https://www.engineering-airliquide.com/de/technology-handbook
With it’s Lurgi technologies Air Liquide has a long history of expertise with the Lurgi MegaMethanolTM technology and more than 60 methanol licenses for a total capacity of more than 47 million tonnes per year of methanol production.
One of the major trends in recent years is CO2 utilization by producing methanol with the
addition of hydrogen from regenerative sources namely H2 from electrolyzers with
renewable electricity. The reduction of CO2 footprint as well as the valorization of CO2 rich gases are of increasing interest for many industries and methanol is a perfect fit for energy storage, for clean fuels and as a building block for producing high value chemicals. The
application of CO2 as feedstock for methanol technology must be seen in the context of
current and future environmental regulations. The CO2 to methanol process can be implemented now with established technology offered by Air Liquide Engineering & Construction, complete with full commercial performance guarantees.
Process Development Unit for MeOH
Plant Type Status Start-up Biomass Feedstock Product Hours in name D/C year type capacity operation
PDU - Development In CO2-MeOH CO2+H2 or 10 Nm³/h) 150kg/d 9000 hrs Frankfurt Unit operation 2017 syngas
Air Liquide Engineering & Construction builds the Group’s production units and provides external customers with efficient, sustainable, customized technology and process solutions.
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For CO2 to Methanol offers please contact https://www.engineering-airliquide.com/de/kontakt
Or
Martin GORNY ([email protected])
Presenter at EUBCE EU-Conference (Industry Track programme Chair by Kyriakos Maniatis) Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Germany: Dr. Armin Günther
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BOOKLET ON BIOMASS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
LanzaTech (2020 Submission)
Technology developed
LanzaTech’s technology produces ethanol and other chemicals from gases containing CO, CO2
and H2. The process, known as gas fermentation, recycles carbon in waste streams using robust proprietary microbes that consume offgases from industries such as steel and refining or syngas produced from biomass residues and non-recyclable municipal wastes.
LanzaTech’s technology has been demonstrated at five industrial sites with over 40,000 hours of operation using steel mill offgases (BlueScope Steel, NZ; Shougang Steel, CN; BaoSteel, CN; China Steel, TW). It has also been demonstrated for over 40,000 hours using syngas from industrial MSW gasification (Sekisui, JPN) and 120 days of continuous integration operations on syngas from waste wood and agricultural residues (Aemetis, US). On May 3, 2018, LanzaTech initiated commercial operations of a facility with a capacity of 46,000-tonnes per year of ethanol from steelmaking offgas (see Figure below). The Shougang-LanzaTech facility has produced over 20 million liters of ethanol as of March 2019.
Status
Typ Start-up Feedstock Hours in e Plant name Status year Biomass type capacity Product By product operation D/C 5,000 tonnes/year Shougang- Microbes fed by 46,000 tonnes/year animal feed C Operating 2018 N/A >7,000 LanzaTech steel offgas ethanol 150,000 (China) mmbtu/year biogas ArcelorMittal Microbes fed by 62,000 tonnes/year (Gent, Belgium) C Construction 2020 steel offgas N/A ethanol n/a N/A 1,000 tonnes/year IndianOil Microbes fed by 34,000 tonnes/year animal feed C Engineering 2020 N/A N/A (Panipat) refinery offgas ethanol 20,000 mmbtu/year biogas 5,000 tonnes/year Swayana Microbes fed by 52,000 tonnes/year animal feed C Engineering 2020 N/A N/A (South Africa) ferroalloy offgas ethanol 60,000 mmbtu/year biogas 3,500 tonnes/year Aemetis 125,000 35,000 tonnes/year animal feed Engineering 2020 Orchard waste N/A (California) C tonnes/year ethanol 40,000 mmbtu/year biogas
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Established in India
LanzaTech India Pvt Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary, headquartered in Gurgaon. LanzaTech India is led by Mr. Sangeet Jain and currently has 6 business development and engineering staff. LanzaTech has licensed its technology to IndianOil for implementation at the IOCL Panipat refinery. LanzaTech anticipates additional projects will be executed in India through licensing to public and private sector refining, steel and other manufacturing companies.
Shougang-LanzaTech commercial facility located at the Jingtang Steel Mill outside Beijing.
The facility converts carbon-rich offgases from steelmaking into ethanol, which is used for blending in the petrol market for road transport. The facility also produces a high-protein biomass co-product which is being supplied to the animal feed market, as well as biogas which is used at the steel mill.
Contact Mr. Sangeet Jain, Director [email protected]
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Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) (2021 Submission)
Technology
Reliance Cost Effective CO2 Capture Technology Technology Area
CO2 Capture
For GHG mitigation, low cost CO2 capture from flue gases is critical for sequestration and
utilization. With likely CO2 taxation in different countries like Singapore, U.K. Ireland, Canada, U.S. Australia, etc., the capture and utilization will get significant momentum, and there would
be huge market demand in industry for efficient CO2 capture technology. An efficient process
for capturing CO2 from dilute flue gas from refineries, petrochemical and cement industries,
etc., will become essential. Among the available CO2 capture technologies, solvent-based technology is commercially proven and practiced in many industries. However, they are expensive and lower cost options are needed to improve overall GHG mitigation cost.
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has developed a hydrated sorbent process for CO2 capture in circulating fluidized bed reactor and reduced overall capital and operating costs by clever process heat integration. Unlike the gas-liquid contacting for amine based systems, where the absorber are tall to satisfy the flooding and mass transfer requirement, the circulating bed system used in our design is short, compact and provides much higher capacity in a single unit.
RIL’s CO2 capture process has the following attributes as compared to conventional amine processes: (i) excellent sorbent textural properties, (ii) higher adsorption capacity, (iii) excellent heat transfer and faster kinetics (iv) lower temperature differential between adsorption- desorption, (v) utilization of flue gas heat to compensate partial heat demand, (vi) lower energy requirement due to partial regeneration, (vii) minimal reliability issues, etc. This innovative process with significant lower energy demand leads to reduction in carbon capture cost as compared to conventional amine route. The overall operating cost of RIL process is 70% lower, and the capex cost is 40% lower than conventional amine processes. The breakthrough innovations in sorbent and process were instrumental in significantly reducing OPEX and
CAPEX of CO2 capture.
RIL’s hydrated sorbent process is demonstrated for continuous sorbent circulating mode in a pilot plant with 35 kg inventory. The effects of various parameters were studied and resulted in
CO2 removal efficiency of > 90% with purity above 99%. The pilot plant trial provided confidence in operability and being standard dual fluid-bed design scalability is not as issue. This process is
ideal for CO2 capture from stationary point sources in power plants, refineries, etc. This technology is currently at TRL 5 with significant operational experience in continuous circulating fluidized bed reactor.
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Fig. 1: CO2 Capture Pilot Plant Fig. 2: Process Flow Diagram of CO2 Capture Process
Established in India Reliance Industries Limited is a Fortune 500 company and the largest private sector corporation in India. RIL has strong foothold in the field of Refining & Marketing, Petrochemicals, Oil & Gas, Retail, Digital Services and Media & Entertainment. RIL has state-of-the-art R&D facilities with research spanning across refining, petrochemicals, catalysts, alternate energy, novel materials, bio-fuels, synthetic biology and nanotechnology.
Contact Dr. Asit Kumar Das [email protected]
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“Looking forward to hearing your voice as part of this on-going conversation”
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