Society of Nepalese Students in Korea (SONSIK) is SONSIK a non-profit organization of Nepalase students,

academicians, and intellectuals in South Korea. R

Established in 2004, SONSIK is the only registered SOUVENI student organization of Nepali students, which was legally registered under the Local Administration Office of Republic of Korea in 2015. Established with the objective of promoting academic,

professional, and other mutual interests, SONSIK the of Anreport annual has been quite successful in achieving its goal till date. Since, its establishment SONSIK has played a great role in developing a strong network among students studying in different regions of South Korea. SONSIK has worked as an excellent platform

for all the students, academician and professional for SOCIETYOF NEPALESE STUDENTS INKOREA exchange of ideas and thoughts. At a time when every sector of country is jeopardized by political affiliations and groupism, it is a very proud matter that SONSIK has kept itself away from political or corporate involvement.

주한네팔학생회 주한 네팔 학생회의 간단한 소개

주한 네팔 학생회는 학구적이고 지식인인 네팔 학생들로 구성된 모임입니다. 한국에서 네팔 학생들은 각기 다른 학교에서 학업을 수행하고 있어 하나의 학생 조직을 만들어 학구적이고 전문적이며 더 넓고 조화로운 관점을 통한 상호간의 관심사를 증진시키기 위해 수립되었습니다. 이 모임을 통해 서로의 다른 관점에 대해 토론하고 고안을 내어 논의하며 서로의 최상의 목표 달성을 위해 노력을 아끼지 않고 있습니다. 게다가 한국에 있는 많은 우수한 학교를 더 관련 깊게 알아가는 기회를 가지며 이러한 부분은 네팔과 국외에서 공동의 학업관심도를 촉진시키는데 많은 도움이 될 것입니다.

이러한 이유로 주한 네팔 학생회는 2004 년 8 월에 창립되었고 그 이후로 네팔 학생들 사이에서 한국 사회의 변화 속에서도 학업 망을 강화하기 위해 노력해 왔으며 - 다른 아이디어를 주고받기 위해 일반적 토론회를 가집니다. 현재 주한 네팔 학생회는 한국에서만 SONSIK 500 명 이상으로 구성되어 있습니다. 주한 네팔 학생회 구성원들은 한국에 있는 대학교에서 운영하는 연수 프로그램을 포함하여 다양한 곳에서 학업을 수행 중입니다.

주한 네팔 학생회는 네팔에서도 동문회를 통해 창립되었고 한국인이 네팔에 있는 각 다른 분야에 투자하고 싶다면 그 투자가가 그 계획을 수립할 수 있게 촉진하고 있습니다. 고등교육을 위한 네팔 학생들에게 한국은 평판이 좋은 곳으로 거듭나고 있으며 이러한 학생들에게 주한 네팔 학생회는 중요한 역할을 하여 한국에서 공부할 수 있는 조건과 기회에 관한 필요한 정보를 제공할 것이며 각 다른 학교와도 좋은 유대 관계를 유지해왔으며 양국간의 문화교류에 대한 활동도 하고 있습니다. 2020 August 아래의 원칙은 주한 네팔 학생회가 행해야 하는 목표와 활동 범위입니다.

1. 이 협회는 주한 네팔 학생회라 하며 약어로 SONSIK 이다. 2. 이 협회는 한국에 거주하는 네팔학생들이 서로의 관점과 생각을 서로 주고 받으며 상호 협동심을 위해 사회 일반적인 토론을 한다.

3. 이 협회는 한국의 어떠한 학교에 다니는 학생이라도 지역에 관계없이 보호 단체로서의 역할을 다 할 것이며 상호 협동심을 더 강화 시키기 위해 또한 모든 An annual publication of the

학생들이 활동적으로 참여하는 노력을 한다. SOCIETY OF NEPALESE STUDENTS IN KOREA -SONSIK 4. 이 협회는 학생회의 일원이 모두 학업과 공통의 관심사를 증진 시킬 수 있도록 노력한다.

5. 이 협회는 네팔과 한국의 문화와 학구적인 면을 서로 교환 할 수 있는 방법을 Volume 8 Volume 증진하며 다른 학회와의 지속적인 유대관계를 유지한다. 6. 이 협회는 한국에서 공부할 기회를 찾고 있는 네팔 학생들에게 학업에 관한 모든 정보를 지지해 준다.

7. 이 협회는 어떠한 정치적인 활동은 삼가 한다.

SOCIETY OF NEPALESE STUDENTS IN KOREA -SONSIK

Congratulatory Message from SONSIK Founder President

Vote Of Thanks From SONSIK President

It is the matter of pride and delight for me that Society of Nepalese Students in Korea (SONSIK) – a pure non-political students’ organization in Korea has come this much far and in August 29, 2020 the verge of publishing eighth volume of annual publication Prakash Devkota “SONSIK SOUVENIOR” on the occasion of seventeenth Annual General Meeting. First, I would like to express my President sincere thanks to all of you whoever had a faith upon me and th SONSIK 16 EC always supported me to be the president of this prestigious organization. I am extremely delighted to acknowledge all my seniors, relatives, friends, family and all respected responsibilities who has always guided me, shared their experiences and suggested me with their valuable suggestions to complete my tenure of presidency with ease. I am honored to express my deepest gratitude to Acting Ambassador/Deputy chief of mission Mr. Ram Singh Thapa and all family of Embassy of Nepal in Korea. It would like to take my hats off for the effort and help provided by Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Nepalese Club, Prof. Jin Bok-Hee (Professor at Wonkwang Health Science University) Dr. Jeon Sung-Hyun (Honorary consul of Nepal to Republic of Korea, Gwangju), Mrs. Young Soon Koh (Laxmi didi), Mr. Mukul Basu (Founder of Universal cultural center, Gwangju). It is the matter of pride for our Executive Committee and for me as the president of 16th EC, that during our working period we become able to collect and bring different cultural as well as traditional Nepalese items to Korea. Dr. Jeon had arranged the Sponsorship, Mr. Mukul Basu and Mr. Rudra Sharma had facilitated in buying those items and it would be very much unfair, if I missed to address their names. Every successful period of any organization needs healthy collaboration with different personalities of different other organizations, it might be of home country Nepal or any other countries. I am too much excited to share with you that I had been supported by many different organizations through mutual collaboration and for this I would like to appreciate and share my sincere thanks to National institute of international education (NIIED), Daejeon International center (DIC), Gwangju international center (GIC), Korea Nepal Korea Association (HANNESA), Prof. Ki-soon, Bae (Kyongbuk Science college), Mr. Tae Heung Jun (President, Namaste Help Nepal Children Group), Samdong International, President and executives of other countries’ student association for collaborative works with SONSIK. The coordination and help of Dr. Rajesh Chandra Joshi were of great importance to bring the collaboration between SONSIK and the different Korean Nationals. I am thankful for his help throughout the tenure and expect many more in coming days. I am too much hopeful and confident in the sense that I will get the chance to have different collaborative works with all of you in the future too. As we all know that SONSIK is a student-based organization and is always upfront in helping students in need, whether the students are of Nepal or are studying in Korea. During the tenure we had conducted different scholarship distribution programs and I would like to address Cross remittance and its manager Mr. Dharma Raj Gautam for the collaboration they had done during that time. I am grateful to the advisory board members whose fruitful advice has always worked as a fuel to conduct different programs efficiently. Similarly, I am indebted to all the alumni members, KUAAN, NRNA Korea, FNJ Korea, 17th Executive committee members, cultural sub-committee coordinator Mr. Tonking Bastola and team, University representatives, SONSIK first president Dr. Janardan Lamichhanne, all the past presidents of SONSIK for their valuable support, suggestions and advice during this working year.

I also would like to show my gratefulness to Editorial board of SONSIK SMARIKA -2020 and SONSIK e-newsletter. I amextremely hopeful that the contents in the SMARIKA will add valuable contribution to the Nepalese society and all the Nepalese students. At last, me as a President, would like to express my deepest gratitude and obligation to all the members of SONSIK 16th executive committee and very much best wishes to upcoming 17th Executive committee. Thank you all and Namaste!

Editorial

SONSIK, as the name implies, is a society rather than just an organization. It is said that problems and struggles are very personal. However, in the case of Nepalese students in Korea most of the problems are overlapping; however, the struggle to find a solution is often alone. Hence, we felt mass tackling is integral. This is the main reason why the importance of such organization was felt and hence came into function since 2004. The work we have done as an organization is merely a rigid routine because we change our approach in accord to the situation and what best favours the scenario. This flexibility has made us stick and walk upon a frequently transforming environment. Hence, in midst of COVID-19, we have never let our way of working be baffled. This annual publication is not just a publication but a platform for the voices that needs to be heard. We believe, it should represent our journey as a society. It should reflect our motto and the approach. Most importantly, it should voice out loud the abstract experience people who have gone through as a foreigner student in Korea. It should also reflect their achievements both in materials and maturation wise. Thus, we have left this magazine to break a pattern of the theme and include everything that starts from A to Z. It contains some scientific break through to some kind of existential crisis and self realizations. Hence, it has articles about science to essays and poetry about joy and sadness. We are very thankful to our alumni and colleagues who have genuinely contributed their personal writings believing in us and our vision. Perfection is an illusion because perfection has many imperfections that normal eyes miss. Hence, we have tried to make our annual publications as imperfect as we are. So that it can represent our experiences like a mirror. We wish to express our heart-felt gratitude to the Honorable Education, Science and Technology Minister of Nepal, Mr. Girirajmani Pokharel as well as to the Honorable Ambassador of Nepal to South Korea, Mr. Ram Singh Thapa for their kind messages and good wishes. Those words of aspiration mean a lot for us and our readers. We are indebted to our printing sponsor National Institute for International Education ‘NIIED’. Equally, we are thankful to our, all our alumni, colleagues and students for their valuable articles, suggestions, regular encouragements, and motivations throughout the year. We are always indebted to those helpful hands, without which we could not have completed the past year with great success and enthusiasm. We are equally thankful to all the well-wishers of SONSIK for their continuous contributions and support throughout the year. Finally, we are honored to bring forth SONSIK SMARIKA-2020, Vol.-8 for our readers and well-wishers. We are very thankful to the 16th Executive Committee of SONSIK for giving us this opportunity of publishing SONSIK SMARIKA-2020. We are always grateful to all who helped us to accomplish our responsibility. We believe that our work will inspire for the continuous publications of SONSIK SMARIKA in future with better coverage and contents that will benefits individuals and our nation ultimately. We wish to congratulate the 16th Executive Committee of SONSIK for their successful tenure with full of dedication and team spirit and wish them every success in future.

Prof. Thakur Subedi Dr. Bal Dev Bhattrai Mr. Keshav Thapa Layout & DesignLayout

Mr. Om Raj Sapkota Mr. Surendra Kunwar Mr. Pradeep Devkota Mr. Chhabi Lal Chaudhary

SONSIK ACTIVITIES

List of Activities (2019 ~ 2020) SONSIK 16th Executive Committee SN Activities Purpose Date Venue 2019 Aug 16th AGM Annual general meeting Hannam University, Daejeon 25 To introduce student's 1 Orientation program (Region 4) challenges and opportunities in 2019 Sep 8 Yeungnam University, Daegu Korea To introduce student's 2 Orientation program (Region 3) challenges and opportunities in 2019 Sep 15 Chonbuk University, Jeonju Korea To promote Nepalese culture Daegu metropolitan office 3 Participate in "Yut Nori program" 2019 Sep 15 and tradition in a foreign land Banwoldang 4th Constitution day and national To celebrate constitution day 4 2019 Sep 20 Embassy of Nepal, Seoul day and nationa day To interact with Embassy of Introduction and interaction with Nepal, NTB Korea, advisors and 5 2019 Sep 29 Embassy of Nepal, Seoul Embassy of Nepal SONSIK member about "One- year workplan" 2019 Oct 6 Dashai dhamaka To celebrate Dashain UCC, Gwanju and Janseong 5&6 Gwangju tour and farewell to 15th 2019 Oct 7 To farewell 15th EC UCC, Gwanju and Janseong EC 5&6 Make Nepal visit year program 8 Nepal visit year 2020 launch event 2019 Oct 16 Embassy of Nepal, Seoul 2020 successful Transforming of cultural values into business and opportunity 9 Entrepreneurial debate 2019 Oct 19 Wonkwang University, Iksan recognized model for being successful enterprenur in Nepal Participate in "Problems and To share different problems and 10 solution of women residing in solution of woment student in 2019 Oct 20 Embassy of Nepal, Seoul foreign land" Korea Participate in "The 11th together To promote Nepalese culture 11 2019 Oct 26 Daejeon Boramae park day" and tradition in a foreign land 2019 Oct Deusi-bhailo To celebrate tihar and play deusi Seoul and Suwon 26&27 Participate in Ajou international To promote Nepalese culture 12 2019 Nov 8 Ajou University day and tradition in a foreign land 2019 Nov Cross remittance head office, 13 MoU with Cross remittance Sustainable scholarship program 10 Seoul To promote Nepalese culture 2019 Nov 14 Participate in "GIST cultural night" GIST and tradition in a foreign land 15

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List of Activities (2019 ~ 2020) SONSIK 16th Executive Committee SN Activities Purpose Date Venue Discus about various events and 2019 Nov 15 Intreraction with advisor Gwanju issues 17 To perform Nepali music and 2019 Nov Daegu Dongsan hospital hall, 16 "Love-Asia Nepali saanjh-2019" dance 24 Daegu http://sonsik.org.np/wp- Publish SONSIK e-Newsletter Vol To update SONSIK activities of content/uploads/2019/12/SONSIK- 17 2019 Dec 1 9 Issue I first quarter e-newsletter-SONSIK-16th-EC- 1.pdf Interaction with the delegates of To strengthen ties between 18 2019 Dec 2 Seoul Pokhara University Nepalese Universities To share the One-year workplan 2019 Dec Meetings with National Institute for 19 and activities in internation and 2020 NIIED office International Education (NIIED) fourum July Participated in "Hamro shan, 20 Hamro pahichan: Nepali topi To celebrate topi diwas 2020 Jan 1 Seoul abhiyan" Participated in "Visit Nepal 2020 To promote Nepalese culture 21 2020 Jan 11 Seoul inaugural ceremony" and tradition in a foreign land To discuss about scientific Interaction program with Dr. Hari journal publication: prospective 22 2020 Jan 12 Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Prasad Dahal of an editor and roles of academicians in NRNA To introduce student's Interaction program with Nepalese Gacheon University Medical 23 challenges and opportunities in 2020 Jan 12 students learning Korean language Campus, Incheon Korea Meeting with different To interact with different 24 organizations representative in 2020 Jan 19 Gwangju organizations in Gwangju Gwangju 2020 UCC Seollal festival with To promote Nepalese culture 2020 Jan 25 migrants “Nepali cultural and food Gwangju and tradition in a foreign land 24&25 festival 2020” Characteristics, global impact and To address the general as well as 26 preparedness for the Corona virus technical issue on the Corona 2020 Mar 08 Online program ((COVID-19) virus outbreak To introduce student's SONSIK orientation and welcome 27 challenges and opportunities in 2020 Mar 21 Pai-Chai University, Daejeon program – 2020 Korea To share their own experiences as a president to learn and Online meeting of the former and 28 understand the possibilities and 2020 Apr 26 Online program present presidents of SONSIK challenges of running an organization

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List of Activities (2019 ~ 2020) SONSIK 16th Executive Committee SN Activities Purpose Date Venue

To address the Challenges and Webinar on: Distance/ online Possibilities of online learning 29 learning-challenges and which has been the most 2020 Jun 11 Online program possibilities effective medium of learning during this pandemic.

Meeting with UCC chairmain and To discuss for purchasing of 30 2020 Jun 14 Gwangju SONSIK advisor cultural items Nepalese flag handover to Pai Chai To strengthen positive relations 31 2020 Jul 28 Pai-Chai University, Daejeon University as a “Token of Love” with Pie-Chai University Participated in "Farewell program To farewell for the labour 32 2020 Jul 25 NRNA Korea office, Jonggak for Mr. Dilliram Bastola" counsellor of Embassy of Nepal To discuss about the possibilities Meeting with seniors and expertise and challenges for successfully 33 2020 Aug 1 Seoul about the upcoming AGM organizing the upcoming SONSIK 17th AGM To address oppertunities Online session “After higher possibilities and challenges after 34 education: opportunities, taking the higher education and 2020 Aug 1 Online program possibilities, and challenges” the implementation over this world To provide scholarship to the SONSIK KUAAN scholarship 35 underprivileged children in 2020 Aug Nepal distribution 2020 many remore parts of Nepal http://sonsik.org.np/wp- Publish SONSIK e-Newsletter Vol To update SONSIK activities of 2020 Aug 36 content/uploads/2020/08/SONSIK- 9 Issue II first quarter 26 e-newsletter-Vol-9-Issue-II-1.pdf To share informative ideas, creations, reserch findings, Publish SONSIK SOUVENIR, 2020 Aug 37 annual SONSIK activities Coming Soon Volume-8, August 2020 30 Fund collection for SONSIK AGM and annual activities To discuss on progress report Organize SONSIK 17th Annual 2020 Aug 38 and form the 17th SONSIK Online meeting via app. General Meeting 30 Executive committee

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Designed By: Rajaram Shrestha Ph.D. Scholar, Gwangju Institute of Sci. & Tech GIST South Korea

P a g e | 4 August 2020

My Journey with sonsik

My journey to Korea, leaving Nepal, started on August 25th August 29, 2020 2015 when I got scholarship for my master’s degree through Prakash Devkota Korean government Scholarship Programme (KGSP). The Ph.D. Student, Starting days were quite challenging as it was completely new Wonkwang Univ, President, SONSIK 16th EC experience for m e but a yearlong language course at Dongseo University, Busan, helped me a lot to cope with the Korean environment. Talking about SONSIK, I was completely unknown about it at that time.

After spending about a year learning language at Busan, I moved to Wonkwang University at Iksan to carry out my master’s degree. Being in contact with Nepalese students in Iksan, I came to know about SONSIK. It was the time when 13th AGM of SONSIK was near and going to be held at Busan, South Korea. Frankly speaking, I was not that much interested at the very beginning as there were rumours regarding issues of presidential candidates and hidden political panels inside the organization. Moreover, I was not in the mood to return to Busan after just a week of arriving in Iksan. But later, I came to know that the norms and values of SONSIK isn’t like as I have thought and only few peoples were trying to politicalize the faith of organization. Furthermore, the coordination with students studying in Wonkwang University provided me the opportunity to know more about SONSIK and thus decided to participate in the 13th AGM. It was my very first participation in SONSIK activities, but to be honest, I wasn’t impressed much with that as there were unnecessary discussions going on in the issue regarding use/misuse of the fund raised to help earthquake victims in Nepal and management was also not so good. After commencing my study at Iksan on 2016, I got the chance to be closer with SONSIK activities and started participating in it. The crystal-clear Involvement of SONSIK in activities totally related to study and education became evident in front of my eyes once I started participating on those activities. The one and only goal of SONSIK to help Nepalese students by developing brother/sisterhood between them in Korea encouraged me more to be a part of it. In 2017 we, Wonkwang University Students took the responsibility of conducting orientation program for new students and with the active participation of all we made it successful. In the same year, immediately after orientation program, we took the responsibility of conducting educational seminar too, which is the biggest event of SONSIK till now. All the Wonkwang University Nepalese Students family did the tremendous effort and made both programs grand successful. Afterwards, my day to day involvement in SONSIK got increased and I got motivated to work for SONSIK directly from Executive committee. From 16th AGM of SONSIK, I got nominated as the vice-president of SONSIK. In the meantime, I was also working as the president of Wonkwang University Nepalese club (WUNC) and Wonkwang University International Students Society. During my tenure of vice-president, I tried my best to collaborate SONSIK and WUNC, as both are the Nepalese student’s organizations. A couple of weeks after my nomination as V.P. on SONSIK, we conducted Teej celebration and yoga learning program at Wonkwang University with collaboration of SONSIK and WUNC. In the same year, we again took the responsibility of conducting educational seminar and made it more effective and successful. After that in the same year I visited Nepal and coordinated as the V.P of SONSIK to complete our joint project with KUAAN to distribute scholarship to the needy students in Nepal.

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In the middle of the busy student life here in Korea, I contributed my best for the welfare of the SONSIK. With my experience of working in SONSIK from last few years, I got more motivation and confidence of belief to lead SONSIK on the right path with the good team and gave the candidacy for the post of president on 16th AGM. My candidacy turned into the real victory with the help and support of every individual and thus I was elected as the 16th President of SONSIK. Even though, the environment was not favourable because of COVID-19 on the middle of the tenure, our team under my presidency have accomplished lots of work. We continued all the academic, cultural and refreshment programs. As everybody knows SONSIK is an organization solely based on welfare of students in Korea, we too focused our work for the betterment and upliftment of students. With the aim of interacting with new students, we conducted orientation programs in different regions of Korea. There are still different student related issues here in Korea but to our best we tried to discuss them with embassy of Nepal, here in Korea. Similarly, we had started to work together in mutual understanding with Embassy of Nepal, NRNA Korea and many different organizations with the target of making VISIT NEPAL 2020 successful but due to Global Pandemic created by COVID-19, we had to cancel all those programs after the grand opening ceremony. In the same way, Different educational seminars were planned, but had to cancel on the mean time. Likewise, it is the matter of pride to say that, SONSIK now have all the typical Nepalese Cultural dresses and different cultural as wells as traditional art crafts and handicrafts here in Korea at one place. The complete lockdown period in Nepal had really made difficult for the students on vacation to return to Korea, we all worked together to bring them back. Though the situation was not work-friendly due to the pandemic, we tried our best and worked hard for the students’ welfare on behalf of SONSIK. Every moment of the tenure had been challenging and our team never shivered but worked hard to organize different programs for helping Nepalese Students in Korea. Strong determination, will-power and enthusiasm that existed in every executive committee members, valuable suggestions and advices from advisors, great coordination from all the alumni and active participation of the students had motivated and made us more confident to work for the welfare of Nepalese Students in Korea through SONSIK. However, what I want to tell and request all of you is that, in the organization like SONSIK, where every members are working voluntarily managing time in between this busy student life, they need and very strong motivation and support from all of the students. It should be cared that successfulness of any organization can not be determined with the number of programs conducted but the quality and effectiveness of the same depending on the time and scenario plays role. SONSIK, truly is a students’ organization and it is the common property of all the students studying in Korea. It should not be misunderstood that SONSIK means only executive committee, rather it should be taken as a common home for all the Nepalese students in Korea and everyone should contribute from their side for the betterment and upliftment of this organization. Last but not the least, what I personally feel is that the role of past executive committee members is very important but could not find them much active after their tenure is over. So, I would like to request all the past executive members to contribute and actively participate in SONSIK activities, which finally helps to motivate new students and helps them a lot to cope with the new Korean environment.

“Let’s make the efficient and friendly SONSIK Together”

P a g e | 6 August 2020

कोशिड-१९ र शिदेिमा शिद्यार्थीका सिाल देिह셁ले अनलाइनमार्ति क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई क्षििा क्षदइिहेका छन ् िि नेपालमा भन े अक्षधकांि ग्रामीण िेत्रका क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 आधक्षु नक प्रक्षवक्षध नहदुाँ ा अनलाइन किा क्षलनबाट वक्षचचि िहनुपिेको छ । कोक्षभड-१९ ले अन्य िेत्रमा जस्िै िैक्षिक िेत्रमा क्षनकै ठूलो प्रभाव पािेको छ । िैक्षिक िेत्र ि क्षवद्यार्थीमा पािेको असिको बािेमा धेिै छलर्ल ि बहस हनु ुपने हो िि यसबािेमा स륍बक्षन्धि क्षनकायको कु न ै पक्षन सिोकाि देक्षखाँदैन । क्षििा िेत्रमा देक्षखएका समस्या ि नयााँ क्षवक쥍पह셁 नहदुाँ ा धेिै यवु ायवु िीह셁 अध्ययनको लाक्षग क्षबदेक्षिन दक्षिण कोरिया / साउन ३१, २०७७ बाध्य छन ् । शििा जीवनको ज्योक्षि हो । यसले हिेक व्यक्षिको जीवनमा देिमा पक्षछ쥍लो समय आएको िाजनैक्षिक परिवितनले पक्षन क्षििा आमलू परिवितन गदतछ । क्षििाको क्षवकास ि क्षवस्िािले नै आजको िेत्रमा खासै उ쥍लेखनीय परिवितन गनत सकेन क्षकनकी क्षििा संसािको क्षवकास भएको पाइन्छ । क्षििाबाट नै समाज 셁पान्ििण िेत्रलाई िाज्यले कक्षह쥍यै पक्षन मख्ु य क्षबषय बनाउन सकेन । भएको इक्षिहास हाम्रो साम ु छ । क्षििा क्षबनाका अगाडीका जीवन नेपालको पक्षछ쥍लो िथयांकलाई हेने हो भने पक्षन करिब ७० लाख अपिु ा ि अधिु ा हुन्छन । नेपालमा गरिबी ि असमानिा बढद ै जान ु माक्षनसह셂 िोजगािी,उ楍च क्षििा ि व्यवसाक्षयक िविले बाक्षहि छन ् । पक्षन क्षििामा आधक्षु नकीकिण हुन नसक्नु हो । हाल आएि नेपालको यसिी बाक्षहरिएका ठूलो जनिक्षिलाई कोक्षभड-१९ ले क्षनकै ठूलो क्षििा िेत्रमा आमलू 셁पान्ििण खााँचो छ । यसका धेिै उदाहणह셂 प्रभाव पािेको छ । धेिैको िोजगािी गमु ेको छ, क्षवद्यार्थीह셁ले धेिै क्षदन सक्षकन्छ । नेपालको क्षििामा िहेको क्षनजी ि सिकािी दईु क्षकक्षसमका समस्याह셁 भोक्षगिहेका छन ् यसबािेमा सिकािको खासै प्रकािको क्षििा प्रणालीले नै नेपालको क्षििा िेत्रमा क्षवकास हनु ध्यान गएको देक्षखाँदैन ।क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 चाहे स्वदेिमा हुन् वा क्षवदेिमा नसकेको मख्ु य कािण हो । नेपाली क्षििा िेत्रमा लामो समयदेक्षखको अक्षहलेको क्षवषम परिक्षस्र्थक्षिमा क्षनकै ठुला ि समस्याह셁 भोक्षगिहेका िाजनीक्षि ि क्षनजीकिणले पक्षन क्षििा िेत्रमा गनत खोजे जक्षि क्षवकास छन् खास गिेि क्षवदेिमा िहने नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का आफ्नै हुन नसके को पाइन्छ । नेपालको पढाईलाई कागजी पढाईको 셁पमा क्षकक्षसमका समस्याह셁 छन ् क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का समस्याह셁लाई साझा मात्रै क्षलने गरिन्छ । यसको उदाहिणको 셁पमा नेपालमा जक्षि पढे पक्षन समस्याको 셁पमा पक्षन बझ्ु न सक्नु पदछत । नेपाल सिकाि क्षििा व्यावहारिक ज्ञान कम हुन ु हो । नपे ालको क्षििा व्यवहारिक ि मन्त्रालयले आक्षर्थतक वषत २०७४/ ७५ मा जनाए अनुसाि ५८ हजाि आधक्षु नक नहदुाँ ा क्षदनानुक्षदन नेपालबाट क्षवदेि पढ्न जाने नेपाली ७ सय ५८ जना नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셂 क्षवदेि पढ्न गएका छन । यस्िा क्षवद्यार्थीह셁को संख्या क्षनकै बढ्द ै गइिहेको छ । यसले देिको क्षवद्यार्थीह셂बाट ११ किोड , ७५ लाख १६ हजाि िाजस्व उठेको क्षिक्षिि जनिक्षि क्षवदेि पलायन हुन ु ि उनीह셂साँगै देिको क्षनकै क्षर्थयो । क्षवद्यार्थीह셁बाट िाजस्व क्षलन ियाि िहने सिकाि हाल ठुलो आक्षर्थतक िकम बाक्षहि जान ु दखु द कुिा हो । कोक्षभड-१९ को यो क्षवषम परिक्षस्र्थक्षिमा क्षवदेिमा पढ्न गएका हाल क्षवश्व कोक्षभड -१९ साँग लक्षडिहेको छ । यसले संसािका धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셂का समस्याका बािेमा भने मौन छ । देिह셂मा प्रत्यि셁पमा मानवीय िक्षि गरििहेको छ । कोक्षभड-१९ ले हाल देिको पक्षछ쥍लो अवस्र्थामा हेदात १९ देक्षख २५ बषत स륍मका समाजमा सामाक्षजक, िाजनैक्षिक, आक्षर्थतक ि िैक्षिक िेत्रमा प्रत्यि यवु ायवु िीह셂 क्षवदेि पढ्न गएका छन् । क्षवदिे पढ्न आएका हाल 셁पमा प्रभाव पािेको पाइन्छ । कोक्षभड-१९ पक्षछ संसािका धेिै अक्षधकांि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁को अनलाइन मार्ति आफ्ना किाह셁 िैक्षिक केन्रह셂, क्षवश्वक्षवद्यालयह셂 पणू त셁पमा बन्द जस्िै छन ् यसले सचचालन गरििहेका छन् । कोक्षभड-१९ले नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा धेिै गदात धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का भक्षवष्य अन्योल र्थक्षपएको छ । क्षवश्वका १९२ ठाउाँमा साझा समस्याह셁 दखे ा पिेका छन् क्षवगि ३ वषतदेक्षख गोिखा देिह셁ले स्र्थानीय 셂पमा सबै िैक्षिक संस्र्थाह셁 बन्द गिेका छन् । घि भई हाल िाइवानमा Nationa। Chung Cheng university यक्षिबेला क्षवश्वभि करिब १ अबत ७२ किोड ४६ लाख ५७ हजाि पढ्द ै आएका जीवन श्रेका अनुसाि िाइवानमा पढाइ सकेि नेपाल ८७० क्षवद्यार्थीह셁को दैक्षनक पठनपाठन ि क्षनयक्षमि पिीिाको र्कतन चाहने क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को लाक्षग कु नै पक्षन क्षवक쥍प भएको छैन । िाक्षलका अव셁 भएको क्षर्थयो । तथापी, संसािका धेिै क्षवकक्षसि कोक्षभड-१९ पक्षछ आएका समस्याह셂को बािेमा हामी नेपाली

P a g e | 7 August 2020

क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 एक आपसमा क्षमलेि समस्या समधान गरििहेका छ㄂ । यस समयमा क्षवद्यार्थीह셁ले क्षसजतनात्मक कामह셁 गनत सक्दछन्, दुःु ख लाग्छ यस्िो क्षवषम परिक्षस्र्थक्षिमा पक्षन िाज्यले क्षवदेिमा पढ्न जीवनमा गनत छुटेका ि गनपुत ने धेिै कामह셁 हुन्छन ् । त्यसमध्ये यस्िा गएका आफ्ना क्षवद्यार्थीह셂लाई कुनै पक्षन वास्िा गिेको छैन । क्षवदेि समयमा खास गिेि क्षवद्यार्थीह셁ले आफ्ना अनुभव, भक्षवष्यका पढ्न आएका अक्षधकांि क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा कोक्षभड-१९ संगै सामाक्षजक, योजनाह셁 बनाउने ि आर्ूलाई क्षनिन्िि 셂पमा व्यस्ि िाख्ने जस्िा आक्षर्थतक ि मानक्षसक 셁पमा क्षनकै िनावह셁 बढ्दछै । यस्िा िनावले काम गदात पक्षन धेिै िाम्रो हुने गदतछ । क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को िैक्षिक गणु स्िि क्षवकास गने कुिामा प्रत्यि셁पमा पक्षछ쥍लो समय दक्षिण कोरिया नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को लाक्षग एउटा असि पने दक्षे खन्छ । क्षत्रभवु न क्षवश्वक्षवद्यालय समाजिास्त्र क्षवभाग क्षनकै िाम्रो िैक्षिक गन्िव्यको 셁पमा परिक्षचि बन्दैछ । कोरिया आएि कीक्षिपत िु काठमाड㄂का उपप्रधापक िर्था समाजिास्त्री क्षदपेि धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셁ले उ楍चक्षििा हाक्षसल गरििहेका छन ् । खास गिेि क्षघक्षमिेका अनुसाि हाल देि छोडेि क्षवदेिमा बसेि अध्ययन िोजगािीको क्षसलक्षसलामा नेपालीह셁 धेिै कोरियामा िहेपक्षन पक्षछ쥍लो गरििहेका अक्षधकांि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा यक्षिबेला क्षनकै ठूलो समय उ楍च क्षििा अध्ययनका लाक्षग नेपालीह셁 कोरिया आउने ि क्षचन्िा ि समस्या बढेको छ । िाज्य सबै नागरिकको अक्षभभावक हो । कोरियाबाट पढाइ सकेि नेपाल र्कतने क्रम पक्षन बढ्द ै गिेको छ । िाज्यसाँग सबै क्षवक쥍पह셂 खलु ा छन् । िि क्षवदिे मा गएका कोरियन सिकाि क्षबदेिी क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 प्रक्षि सहज ि सिल नीक्षिका नागरिकह셂लाई िाज्यले कक्षह쥍यै पक्षन आफ्नो नागरिक स륍झेको कािण पक्षन नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को संख्या क्षदनानक्षु दन बढ्द ै जान ु हो । पाइाँदैन । संसािका धेिै ठाउाँह셁मा छरिएि िहेका नेपाली कोरियामा नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग धेिै स륍भावना ि चनु ौक्षिह셁 क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग यक्षिबेला ठूलो संकट छ । उनीह셁 मानक्षसक पक्षन छन ् अक्षधकांि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 आफ्नो पढाइ सकेि 셁पमा पीक्षडि छन।् बेिोजगािी छन,् पढाइको चाप छ । त्यसकािण कोरियामा नै क्षनिन्िि 셁पमा बस्दै आइिहेका पक्षन छन ् । स셁ु का धेिै नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा धेिै प्रकािका समस्याह셁 र्थक्षपदाँ छै न ् यसिर्त क्षदनह셁मा कोरियामा अध्ययन गनत आउने क्षवद्यार्थीह셂का लाक्षग िाज्यको ध्यान जानपु न े देक्षखन्छ । भाषाको समस्या िोजगािी नपाउनु जस्िा समस्याह셁 पक्षन छन् । िि कोक्षभड-१९ बाट उत्पन्न क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का समस्याह셁का बािेमा पक्षन केही क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 कोरियन िेुिेन्टह셁मा, साना िर्था मझौला स륍बक्षन्धि क्षनकायह셁का ध्यान ित्काल जानुपन े देक्षखन्छ । खास गिेि क륍पनीह셁मा ि पक्षछ쥍लो समय खोक्षलएका िेक्षमट्यान्स क륍पनीह셁मा नेपालबाट क्षवदेि पढ्न जाने नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 मध्यमवगीयमा प्रिस्ि 셁पमा िोजगािी पाइिहेका पक्षन छन ् । लामो समयदेक्षख पदतछन । उनीह셁 अक्षधकािं ल े घिबाट खचत 쥍याएि आफ्नो कोिीया बस्दै आएका ि हाल Kyung Hee University मा अध्ययनलाई क्षनिन्िििा क्षदन सक्दनै न् । त्यसकािण स륍बक्षन्धि देिमा PhD गदै गिेका पोखिाका िजे सनु ुवािका अनुसाि कोरियामा जहााँ उनीह셁 अध्ययन गरििहेकै छन ् त्यही देिमा बसेि आफ्नो खचत, उ楍चक्षििा हाक्षसल गनत सके क्षनकै िाम्रा स륍भावनाह셁 पक्षन िहेको ि पढाई खचत, जटु ाउने काम गदै अध्ययन पिू ा गरििहेका धेिै दैक्षनक 셁पमा गजु ािा चलाउन पक्षन त्यक्षि गाह्रो नभएको अनुभव छ । उदाहिणह셁 छन् । कोक्षभड-१९ ले नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को समस्याको नेपालबाट कोरिया अध्ययनको लाक्षग आउने भनेका प्रायजसो दईु बािेमा पािेको असि स륍बन्धमा हाल अस्रेक्षलयाको Austra।ian प्रकािका क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 आउने गिेका छन ् । एउटा कोरियन भाषा D-4 Co।।ege of App।ied Psycho।ogy का प्रोर्ेसि डा. मोम क्षभसा ि अको D-2 क्षभसा अर्थाि एकाडक्षमक यस्िा धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 क्षवश्वकमात का अनुसाि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीका समस्या प्रायजसो कोरियामा अध्ययन गरििहेका छन् । यसिी अध्ययन गरििहेका सामक्षू हक ि साझा छन् उनीह셁को काम गिेि आफ्ना पढाई खचतह셁 नेपाली क्षबद्यार्थीह셁का आफ्ना नयााँ ि नौला अनुभवह셁 पक्षन धेिै छन ् पिु ाउने गरििहेका छन् । अष्रेक्षलयाको सन्दभतमा पक्षन धेिै । कोक्षभड-१९ को समस्याले गदात नेपालबाट कोरिया आउन क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा कोक्षभड-१९ प्रत्यि셁पमा असि पािेको छ । हामीले नपाएका ि कोरियाबाट नेपाल गएका केक्षह क्षबद्यार्थीका समस्याह셂 सामक्षू हक 셁पमा केही िकमह셁 उठाएि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई पक्षन छन । कोरियामा कोक्षभड-१९ र्ैलन स셁ु गिेपक्षछ Ca।vin सहयोग पक्षन गिेका छ㄂ । खास गिेि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग university मा मास्टि गरििहेका 륍याग्दीका प्रक्षदप बज्राचायत नेपाल क्षवश्वक्षवद्यालयको क्षर् क्षिनत, खाना बस्नको लाक्षग समस्याह셂 ि गए िि नेपालमा पक्षन कोक्षभड-१९ र्ैलावट ि अन्ििातक्षष्रय उडानमा िोजगािीका लाक्षग स륍बक्षन्धि क्षनकायह셁ले पहलह셁 गरिक्षदन सके लगाइएको िोकका कािण उनी कोरिया क्षर्िात हनु सकेका छैनन् । क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई केही हदस륍म सहज हुने क्षर्थयो । उनको यही सेप्टे륍बिमा क्षभसा सक्षकाँदै छ । यो ि एउटा उदाहिण मात्र कोक्षभड-१९ को यो परिक्षस्र्थक्षिमा नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग हो यस्िा धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 यस्िा क्षकक्षसमका समस्या परििहेका छन ् । समस्या मात्र होइन यो एउटा स륍भावना ि चनु ौक्षिको पक्षन समय हो । कोक्षभड-१९ को महामािीकै समयमा कोरिया प्रवेि गिेका धेिै

P a g e | 8 August 2020

नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा क्षनकै ठूला समस्याह셁 पक्षन देखापदै गरििहेका स륍बक्षन्धि क्षनकायले क्षछटोभन्दा क्षछटो ध्यान क्षदनछे न ् । कोक्षभड-१९ छन् । आफ्नो नाम बिाउन नजाने उनीह셁का अनुसाि खानको क्षििा िेत्रमा पािेको असि ि यसले क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को जीवनमा पने समस्या,셁म को समस्या, बस्नको समस्या ि काम नपाउने जस्िा प्रभाव क्षनकै ग륍भीि हनु े देक्षखन्छ । क्षवदेिमा पढ्न आएका कु िाले उनीह셁लाई क्षदनानुक्षदन िनाव र्थक्षपदै गरििहेको बिाउदछन । क्षवद्यार्थीह셂का ित्कालका समस्याह셁 मात्र नभएि दीघतकालीन कोक्षभड-१९ को असि साँगै कोरियामा िहेका अक्षधकांि 셂पमा पढेि र्क्षकतसकेपक्षछ के गने भन्ने कु िा पक्षन महत्वपणू त छ । क्षवश्वक्षवद्यालयह셂ले क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग अनलाइनमा क्लास क्षवदेिमा पढेका ि उनीह셁लाई कसिी परिचालन गने भन्ने बािेमा सचचालन गरििहेका छन ् । यसिी अनलाइनमा सचचालन गरििहेका िाज्यले खासै चासो क्षदएको छैन । किाह셁मा केक्षह यक्षु नभक्षसतटीका क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 सन्िक्षु छन् भने िाज्यले क्षििा िेत्रलाई मख्ु य प्रार्थक्षमकिाका सार्थ अगाक्षड बढाउाँदै अक्षधकांि यक्षु नभक्षसतटीका क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा सन्िुक्ष देक्षखाँदैन । अनलाइन क्षवकास गनपुत दछत । क्षििामा देक्षखएको क्षवभेदकािी नीक्षि जसले क्लासमा केही असि पयो िि रिसचत, 쥍याबमा खासै असि पिेन िि सिकािी ि क्षनजी गिेि क्षििा छुट्याएको छ । यसकािणले पक्षन business 쥍याब भने पिु ै बन्द हुन पग्ु यो । यसले गदात हामीलाई क्षनकै क्षििामा क्षवकास हनु नसकेको हो । यसिर्त िाज्यको ध्यान जान ु ठूलो समस्या भइिहेको बिाउदछन Ajou यक्षु नभक्षसतटीमा PhD ज셁िी हुन्छ । नपे ालको ठूलो क्षिक्षिि जनिक्षि बाक्षहि छ यसबाट अध्यानिि सक्षु िल गिै े । पक्षन िाज्यलाई क्षनकै ठूलो घाटा परििहेको छ । क्षवदिे पढ्न जाने भनेि सिकाि क्षििा मन्त्रालयको िथयांक अनुसाि आक्षर्थतक वषत नेपालमा पढ्नलाई क्षनिन्िििा नक्षदने यवु ा यवु िीह셂को संख्या पक्षन २०७४/७५ यस मन्त्रालयमार्ति No Objection ।etter क्षलएि क्षनकै बढी छ । हामी कहााँ १२ किा पास गिेपक्षछ क्षवदेि जाने ि १०२९ जना क्षवद्यार्थी कोरिया गएको िथयांक छ । त्यस्िै कोरियन कमाउने धेिैको सपना छ । िि क्षवदेिमा गएपक्षछका समस्याह셂मा सिकािको २०१९ माचत ३१ िारिकस륍म को िथयांक अनुसाि D-2 भने धिे ै जानकाि छैनन । पढ्न जाने दिे का बािेमा जानकािी क्षलन क्षभसामा िहेका १६८४ , D-4 क्षवषयमा िहेका २४३ गिी १९२७ नसक्ने, जनु क्षवषय ि जनु दिे भए पक्षन हनु े, स륍बक्षन्धि दिे का क्षििा जना नेपाली क्षबद्यार्थीह셁को हाल दक्षिण कोरियामा िहेको जनाएको क्षनक्षिह셂का बािेमा जानकािी नहनु े जस्िा कािणल े पक्षन नेपाली छ । हाल यो संख्या क्षनकै बढेको Society of Nepa।ese क्षवद्यार्थीह셂 क्षवदिे मा क्षनकै दुःु ख पाएका धिे ै उदाहिणह셂 छन । Student in Korea- SONSIK का उपाध्यि क्षसिी सत्यालको सिकािले पक्षन कु न िहका क्षवद्यार्थीह셂लाइ क्षवदिे पढ्न जान क्षदन े अनुमान छ । क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा बेिोजगाि बढ्द ै गएसाँगै नेपालबाट पैसा भन्नमे ा क्षनयम बनाइक्षदनु ज셂िी छ । िाकी उनीह셂 क्षवदिे मा गएि 쥍याएि पक्षन आफ्नो गजु ािा चलाउनुपन े अवस्र्था धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीमा पक्षन पढाइ छोड्न नपिोस ् । लाख ै 셂पैया क्षलन े ि क्षवदिे पढ्न पठाउने आएको पाइन्छ । सामान्य셂पमा पाईएका पाट टाईम कामह셁बाट धेिै िैक्षिक कन्सलटेक्षन्सह셂 नेपालमा क्षक्रयाक्षिल छन।उनीह셁ले पक्षन दैक्षनक गजु ािा च쥍न क्षनकै कक्षठन बन्दै गएको छ । यस्िै लामो क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई लाग्नेभन्दा दोब्बि पैसा क्षलने ि अनावश्यक समयदेक्षख कोरियमा बस्दै आएका ज륍ु लाका हाल पीएचडी आश्वासनह셁 क्षदने गिेको धेिै क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को गनु ासो छ । सिकािले अध्ययनिि क्षवद्यार्थी पदम काकीको आफ्नै अनभु व छ । उनी भन्छन ् क्षवदेि पढ्न जाने क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई कम गरि नयााँ क्षवषयह셁 स्र्थापना पिु ाना क्षदनह셁मा कोरियामा कामह셁 पक्षन िाम्रै पाइन्थयो ।अक्षहले गिेि स्वदेिमै िैक्षिक जनिक्षि क्षवकास गिी स्वदेिमै लगानी गनत कोक्षभड-१९ वक्षृ ि नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셂को संख्या वक्षृ ल े गदात पक्षन सके क्षनकै प्रभावकािी हुने क्षर्थयो । सके सिकािले हालका िैक्षिक कोरियामा क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का लाक्षग कामह셁मा समस्या आएको छ । कन्सलटेन्सीह셁बाट गदै आइिहेका मनपिी पैसा क्षलने कामलाई उनी र्थप्छन ् अनलाइन किाह셁 सचचालन हुन र्थालेपक्षछ हाल ित्काल ित्काल िोक्नपु छत । िैक्षिक कन्सलटेन्सीह셁ले आएका नयााँ क्षवद्यार्थीह셁ले प्रोर्े सिसंग प्रत्यि भेटघाट गनत पाएका क्षवद्यार्थीह셁लाई क्षवदेि पढ्नकोलाक्षग भन्दा पक्षन िोजगािी गनत गएको छैनन ् भने क्षवश्वक्षवद्यालयका अन्य अनुभवह셁 बाट पक्षन वक्षचचि छन ् जस्िो व्यवहाि गरििहेका छन ् । त्यसकािण यस िेत्रमा पक्षन िाज्यले । त्यसकािण नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁 कै क्षवचमा पक्षन एकप्रकािको ित्काल मापदण्डह셁 बनाएि िैक्षिक कन्सलटेन्सीह셁लाई क्षनगिानी छलर्लको बहसको हुन ु ज셁िी देक्षखन्छ । गनुतपने देक्षखन्छ भने कोक्षभड-१९को परिक्षस्र्थक्षि क्षबदेिमा िहेका स륍पणत क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का समस्याह셁लाई मध्यनजि गदै स륍बक्षन्धि कोरिया क्षस्र्थि नेपाली दिू ावासल े पक्षन कोक्षभड-१९ को समयमा ू क्षवद्यार्थीह셁मा उत्पन्न भएका क्षवक्षभन्न समस्याह셁लाई स륍बोधन गनत क्षनकाय अर्थवा िाज्यबाट आक्षर्थतक ,सामाक्षजक ि मनोवैज्ञाक्षनक जस्िा ि छलर्ल गनत नसकेको स्वीकाि गदतछ । आिा गिौ कोरियालगायि कायतक्रमह셂 सचचालन गनपुत न े देक्षखन्छ । क्षवक्षभन्न देिमा िहेका नेपाली क्षवद्यार्थीह셁का समस्याका बािेमा

P a g e | 9 August 2020

कोरोना संक्रमण र पर्यटन क्षेत्र

चीनको हुब े प्रान्िको क्षबक्षभन्न देिह셁मा पयतटन प्रवदतनका कायतक्रमह셁 गदै आएको क्षर्थयो। िि कोिोनाको संक्रमणका कािण २० लाख पयतटक महत्वकांिामा वहु ान सहिमा गि वषतको ग륍भीि धक्का लागेको छ । यसले क्षदघतकाक्षलन 셁पमा नेपालको अन्त्यमा देक्षखएको पयतटन ित्रे मा अपिु णीय िक्षि पयु ाउत ने सहज आकलन गन त सक्षकन्छ । भाइिसले क्षवश्वव्यापी कोिोना संक्रमण पणू त क्षनयन्त्रणमा आउन लाग्ने समयको आकलन न ै 셁पमा आिंक म楍चाएको नभएको अवस्र्थामा नेपालको समग्र पयतटन ित्रे मा ठुलो ह्रास आउने छ । यस प्राणघािक देक्षखन्छ । भाइिसबाट किोड㄂ माक्षनस संक्रक्षमि भएका क्षवश्वव्यापी माहामािीको 셁पमा र्ैक्षलिहेको कोिोना भाइिस प्रकोपले छन् भने लाख㄂को मत्ृ य ु भैसके को छ । चीन बाट स셁ु भएको गदा त नपे ालको पयतटनमा प्रत्यि ि पिोि 셁पमा असि पान े कु िालाई भएिापक्षन अक्षहले क्षवश्वका सबै देिमा यो भाइिसले क्षबिण्डा नकानत सक्षकदैन ।नेपालमा उपलब्ध स्वास्थय सेवाको दृक्षले हेने हो मचाएको छ । स셁ु वािी क्षदनमा चीन , दक्षिण कोरिया, जापान भने हाम्रा स्रोि साधन अत्यन्ि क्षसक्षमि छन । अमेरिका, यिु ोप,चीन, त्यसपछि यिु ोप हुद ै अक्षहल े अमेरिका, ब्राक्षजल, भािि जस्िा दक्षिण कोरिया, जापान जस्िा अक्षि क्षवकक्षसि देिह셁लाई िह륍मे दिे ह셁मा संक्रमण यु स्ििमा र्ै क्षलद ै छ । नेपालमा पक्षन पक्षछ쥍लो ह륍मे पिेको अवस्र्थामा, आधािभिू स्वास्थय सेवा सबै नपे ालीमा समयमा संक्रमणको िफ्िाि बढके ो छ । सब ै जसो दिे ह셁ल े नपगु ेको हाम्रो दिे ले कोिोना जस्िो प्राणघािक माहामािीको सामना लकडाउन िर्था आवागमनमा बन्दजे लगाएका छन् । भ्रमणमा गनत धेिै मेहनि गनुतपने दक्षे खन्छ । त्यसमा पक्षन नपे ालको क्षछमेकी बन्देज पक्षछ छिश्वको अर्थतिन्त्रको १० प्रक्षििि भन्दाबक्षढ योगदान भाििमा कोिोना को कहि क्षदन प्रक्षिक्षदन क्षनममत हुद ै गदात नेपालमा क्षदने पयतटन ित्रे निाम्रिी प्रभाक्षवि भएको छ । संयिु राष्ट्र संघ क्षवश्व िेस्को प्रत्यक्ष्य असि देक्षखएको छ ि देक्षखने छ। पयतटन सगं ठन(UNWTO) का अनुसाि ९० प्रक्षििि बक्षढ भ्रमण नेपाल सिकाि िर्था पयतटन मन्त्रालय पयतटन बोडत िर्था पयतटन िेत्रमा स्र्थानह셁मा आवागमन बन्देज लगाइएको छ ।अन्िराछष्ट्रय हवाई प्रत्यि लगानी गिेका क्षनजी िेत्र लगायिले कसिी सामनागने, मागहत 셁 सबैजसो खाली छन् । यस्िो क्षबकिाल अवस्र्थामा नेपालको कसिी िक्षि कमने ग , कु न 셁पमा अगाडी बढ्न े भनेि योजना बनाउन ु पयतटन िेत्र पक्षन प्रभाक्षवि नहनु े कुिै भएन । नपे ालमा पक्षन कोिोना उपयिु हन्ु छ । सिकािले पयतटन िेत्रमा कोिोनाको असि कसिी कम भाइिसको संक्रमणको कािण अक्षधकांि भ्रमण स्र्थान िर्था पयतटकीय गन त सक्षकन्छ िेिा क्षिि ध्यान क्षदन ु ज셁रि छ । पयतटनलाई मख्ु य पेिा ि स्र्थलह셁 बन्द िहेका छन । िोजगािी बनाएको समदु ायलाई िाहि िर्था घिेल ु पयतटनलाई नेपालको परिप्रेक्ष्यमा पयतटन राछष्ट्रय आयको मख्ु य स्रोि हो । क्षवश्व चलायमान बनाउन आवस्यक स륍पणू त उपायह셁 अवल륍बन गनुत पने भ्रमण िर्था पयतटन काउक्षन्सलWTTC ( )का अनुसाि २०१९ मा दक्षे खन्छ । सबै कुिा सिकािकै टाउकोमा र्थपु ािेि पक्षन हुदनै । क्षनजी नेपालको कु ल ग्राहस्र्थ उत्पादन (GDP) मा पयतटन िेत्रको ७.९ िेत्रले पक्षन आफ्नो िर्त बाट सके को प्रयास गनुतपन े दक्षे खन्छ । प्रक्षििि को योगदान िर्था १३ लाख बक्षढ िोजगािी क्षसजतना गिेको कोिोनाको असि क्षदघतकाक्षलन 셁पमा दक्षे खन े भएकोल े सो अनु셁प नेपालको पयतटन िेत्र अक्षहले देिव्यापी हवाई िर्था स्र्थल यािायाि हािमे ालो गद ै कक्षठन अवस्र्थाको सामना गनुतपने दक्षे खन्छ । अक्षहलेको बन्द िर्था लकडाउन िर्था क्षिक्षर्थल भएको छ । पयतटनमा आधारिि अवस्र्थामा अन्ििाक्षस्रय हवाई सचु ा셁 भएपक्षन ित्कालै नपे ाल भ्रमण साना िर्था मझौला उद्योग व्यवसाय टाट पक्ष쥍टने िर्था लाखौाँको गनत आउन े पयतटक नहुन े कु िामा क्षवस्वस्ि हुन सक्षकन्छ । UNWTO िोजगािी ग륍ु न े क्षनक्षिि भएको छ । नपे ालमा आउन े पयतटक मख्ु यि ले २०१९ को पयतटनको अवस्र्थामा र्क्षकतन कक्ष륍िमा पक्षन ५बसतवा भािि, चीन अमेरिका, 륍यान्माि िर्था र्थाइ쥍याण्ड भएपक्षन पक्षछलो बेसी लाग्ने रिपोटतमा बिाएको छ । यसिी हेदात नेपालले पक्षन कक्ष륍िमा कोिोना संक्रमणको कािण सन ् २०२०को स셁ु वाि भए दक्षे ख पयतटन िेत्रको क्षनयक्षमििाको लाक्षग ५ बसे योजना बनाएि आगाडी अक्षधकांस दिे बाट नपे ाल क्षभक्षत्रने पयतटकको संख्या िन्ु य िहके ो छ । बढ्दा उपयिु हुने दक्षे खन्छ । सन् २०१९ को िथयांक हने े हो भने ११ लाख को हािाहािीमा

पयतटक नेपाल क्षभक्षत्रएका क्षर्थए भन े सिकािल े सन ् २०२० भ्रमण बष त घोषणा गरि २० लाख पयतटक क्षभत्र्याउन े योजना अनु셁प क्षवश्वका

P a g e | 10 August 2020

Urgent Need: Politics free Educational Sector

By the term Though the country has become a democratic, politics, most of multiparty ruling system is prevailing and one can us get familiar achieve the political rights, the development has not regarding accelerated yet. What a paradox! As mentioned government, earlier, the defensive political system is the major politicians, and factor behind the catastrophe. political parties. As I told before, our politics has been practiced in a It is essential for defensive way because we are strengthening the a country to have an organized government as every political cadre by burning tires, firing the libraries, country, group and organization use politics to destroying the national properties, closing the country instrument various ways to organize their events, and industries, attacking the multinational compaies prospects and more. Meanwhile, the dirty politics can and any other foreign investments. Also, all the public hinder the overall development of the country as it and private properties, the other political parties’ refers with the actions taken for personal or party cadres are affected during irrational political protests. interests. Thus, politics is a medium to raise the voice Mostly, the political parties have similar cultures to of the citizens but when it becomes irrational it can establish them in public or to defend the government create a disaster in the society. and government policies. They always thought that In the context of Nepal, people have been the cause of under development is the existing experiencing worst political practice since the government and stood as a defensive way and which decades and the major infrastructures of the is why the cadre also grew up in a similar bad practice development have been unable to reach a satisfactory from a long time. They useed alcohol, tobacco, and height due to involvement of politics. This writing is gathered in a group to plann how to attack the focused on to discuss the need for the politics free governmental processes. That is why, they did not environment to rise the prevailing educational sector. have a vision for the nation’s development. Nepalese politics has always acted defensively from the Rana regime to the current stage. The Rana regime was abolished as people got aware of the inappropriate ruling system, but development was not achieved even after the introduction of Royal Monarchy as well as political party ruling system. Later, Multiparty Democratic System movement of 2046 B.S. also could not serve the better taste of development and governance to its people and lead to the most devastating terrorist movement in Nepalese history started by Maoist and finally, the Monarchy in

2063 B.S. ended.

P a g e | 11 August 2020

In the last few years, the recent growing political accordingly the VC, Dean, Department Head, Co- parties are practicing the democratic activities to coordinator and other should also be also based on address their demands to the government, but it will their experience, teaching-learning activities, their also be not enough. The low-level cadre also needs to publications, etc. This will create a positive vibration be schooled to practice democratic norms; always and next generation will be also prepared for the discuss with them the proper way of development. coming competencies and this will make to flow They need to be asked what they will do when they whole academic sector in a learning way. Secondly, are in power and most important things is how they the government and industry need to invest a huge will do it? Once the politics move in this direction amount for innovation and research. Similarly, the and responsibility will be the most rather than the next thing to do is to make a competent regularly power and position, then the country will grow elected student union that will work for the student’s rapidly. proper right but not in the name of political parties For all of this, firstly, the party politics in university wings; always need to keep in mind that no political need to be banned immediately. The educational wings are accepted in universities. Currently, we can sector should adapt the practice of transparency, see the situation of Pokhara University, where, from accountability, research, innovation, and there should the last 11 months it is running without VC and many always be the academic discussion. But what the other active positions. The free students there are in students are doing now in the name of politics? How the road, demonstrating and demanding a politics free many times did they close the university? How VC appointment. frequently there had been physical attack to the Let us start a practice of a free competition, a research administrator? professors? teachers? How many times? and research output-based professor appointment and Where are we going? Let us stop it. Allow the free their promotion, respectively. Also, provide them student union in all education sectors, but not in the enough resource to create the research environment name of political Parties wings. Each student can be a and establish their research lab. Once the free candidate and compete in a democratic way to show competition happens a large number Nepalese the competencies of his constructive agendas and scientist practicing in a foreign land will return to make a good team that will help to promote the Nepal and join the universities, research, and other leadership of students and can create positive changes innovative institutions. Then after, our innovation, in academic learning. Involve students to organize industry, education and overall, the country will conferences, seminars, discussions, and other vibrate in a new dimension. I always have a thought, educational activities that will have positive changes if the youths cannot see their future in their nation for academic development. then the nation will have no more bright future. Currently, the problem with the universities is the In conclusion, Universities, educational institutes, appointment of vice-chancellor (VC), who is directly colleges, schools, other learning centers should be appointed from government, and the chancellor made politics-free and practice the competencies, remains the Prime minister, who is from a certain innovation, teaching, and learning for growth. There political party. So first thing that need to be changed should always be focus on research output; fund them is the nomination of Chancellor, who should be a free for their innovation, and international publication. academic personality, but not the PM, then The students should be encouraged to make several

P a g e | 12 August 2020 hundred clubs that will create a positive learning environment like, research club, football club, volleyball club, literature club, singing club, dancing club, and many other. Then we will have 100s of leaders in each club and organing a combined program at the end of year will lead our youth’s leadership in a new dimension. Currently, we are suffering from party politics. Just for an instance, there are certain students who deliberately fail several times or re-admitted several times until he/she will be of age 40-50, just to be a president of FSU. What is this? It is a big crime in the name of student’s rights. So please ban the political wings from universities and practice a politics free environment.

P a g e | 13 August 2020

India-Nepal Relations: Domestic Politics as a Factor of Indian Interference on economic and security matter. V.P. Dutta, a Professor in Delhi University states in his book India’s Foreign Policy: There are few countries other than India and Nepal to whom the analogy about the lips and teeth applies so demonstrably and aptly. One look at the map brings home the inevitably intimacy of their relationship. The two countries have been bound together by history, geography, kinship, religion, faith, cultural legacy, and linguistic affinity India does not naturally Tika Ram Aryal Hankuk Univ. of Foreign Studies end where Nepal begins. The natural frontier is the Himalayas Department of International Relationship that surround Nepal in three sides, Nepal leaving the only outlet the continuous territory with India.1 This paper briefly tries to present Indo-Nepal relations in This clearly states that Indian foreign policy towards Nepal terms of foreign interference i.e., Indian interference. That is from the past till date. From this we can assume that India has why at first this paper will generally describe Nepal- India never treated Nepal as an independent state. Nehru’s idea foreign relationship since 1950. Secondly it will describe about the relationship between India and Nepal exhibits about the theoretical part employing neoclassical realism. At another fact that India finds Nepal in difficult situation last, this paper will present the domestic politics as a factor of extending its relationship with other countries due to its Indian interference in case of Nepal. geographical location. As he once put it: Nepal’s Foreign Relation with India Himalayas are high mountains, of course but they are something much more to us and more intimately tied up with Nepal is located in between the arch-rivals China and India. Indian history, tradition, faith, beliefs, literature, and culture Nepal shares its eastern, western, and southern border with than, to my knowledge, any other mountains anywhere. The India and northern border with China. Nepal is a buffer state Himalayas are something much more than mountains to us; for both neighbors and manifests their concentration of they are a part of ourselves.2 security. These two countries have been practicing two different and rival political systems and have been in fear of These ideas of Nehru about Himalayas express the theory of using the territory of Nepal for their reverse ends. Since King Indian foreign policy towards Nepal. Since then the intentional Prithvi Narayan Shah ruled Nepal, he isolated Nepal from or ill-willed thoughts of Indian leaders have been visible preventing foreign influences even at the cost of economic overtly or covertly in Indian dealing to Nepal. adversities in the interests of the security of his own reign. n This century is the world of cooperation, virtual communities, this case we can say that Nepal has exercised the policy of and geographical communities where functionalism and nonalignment, both regionally and globally. However, Nepal’s regionalism have been dominant elements of cooperation. over dependence on India for trade and transit routes to the India should learn the example from European Union because south, and both states’ reliance over same water resources ‘the European Union represents a new type of international make Nepal’s relation with India especially sensitive and polity but is a regional one’3 so as to make South Asian vulnerable. The victory of communism in China brought Nepal Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) stronger and a an India close and treaties were quickly signed in 1950 and meeting of economically strong states. If India can help build Nepal took the principles of nonalignment and peaceful Nepal and its neighbors stable, democratic, and prosperous, existence. Indian Prime Minister Nehru created these ideas of this can only lead opinions India in prosperity, and it will gain foreign policies for India, but Nepal also adopted them. These terminologies defined Nepal’s traditional foreign policy more 1 Dutt, India’s Foreign Policy 1984:252 clearly and a kind of Indian influence. Since 1950, these 2 Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s Foreign Policy 1961: 364 relations have pivoted around the Treaty of Peace and 3 Joseph S.JR. Nye, 2008: 263 Friendship that gives India a significant leverage over Nepal P a g e | 14 August 2020 the position in international forums. Nehru’s opinions are The Treaty of Peace and Friendship 1950 primarily focused on compatible with what realists believe that politics has its root the concern of security and states that ‘neither government in human nature and humans are the ones to exercise the shall tolerate any threat to the security of the other by a foreign politics. It means the catalyst is the mankind or the aggressor’ and if realized ‘consult each other and devise governments of India for relations with Nepal and as mankind, effective counter-measures’6 to prevent any such threat. From Indian governments have not been inherently benevolent, this, we can assume that Nepal might be bandwagoning with selfless rather self-centered, selfish, and competitive. This can India but in the essence the ruling elites had signed this treaty be a short term winning game for India however in the long in their benefit. Although there are many clauses in this treaty, run as Hobbes opined ‘every man is enemy of every man’.4 primarily this treaty keeps Nepal under Indian security India may lose its friends around eventually and become the umbrella and it degrades the state’s independent existence. victim of multiple threats because not only the issue of security Following the 1962 Sino-Indian war, the relationship between but also the issues of clashes of ethnicities, religions, Nepal and India thawed significantly. India suspended its ideologies and renewed desires of fanatical terrorism are support to India based its dissidents or opposition forces. In ubiquitous in and around. Indian approach refers to politics 1969, relation again became stressful as Nepal challenged the and human nature as selfish, self-centered and confliction but mutual security arrangements and asked that the Indian unless there is an appropriate condition to come to terms with security check posts and liaison group be withdrawn. The cooperation or alliance no states can have any benefits. resentment was against the Treaty of Peace and Friendship of However, the themes of realism are clearly incarnated about 1950. India grudgingly withdrew its military check posts and the Nepalese-Indian relations be it the treaty of 1950 or others liaison group although the treaty was not abrogated. Still the concluded from the time India has been independent. Nepal treaty is in effect although two countries have formed an has always been dominated, submissive and loser where India eminent persons’ group (EPG) to sort out the issues. Indian has stood dominant, bold and winner. As Nepal felt that India always fished in the troubled water of Nepal, it continued to has always been coercing Nepal, in response to Indian support the Nepalese oppositions who were political leaders of approaches to Nepal, Nepal has long exercised to distance Nepal but enforcing their missions from India in Nepal and itself away from Indian influence however the obstacles have refused to endorse Nepal as a “Zone of Peace’ which was been so strong that it has not been able to grasp the desired propose by then King Birendra in 1975, relating the realists ends because ‘landlocked countries like Nepal and Bhutan issue of security . Further the expulsion case of Nepalese hardly can survive economically without India’s cooperation’.5 settlers in 1987, gave another shock to Indo-Nepal relation Nepal has made several initiatives to disengage itself from the because of India’s dominant behavior. As professor Subedi patterns of relation with India that had been imposed by the opined, ’New Delhi remained silent on this issue and when Indo-Nepal Treaty of Friendship and Peace of July 1050 but to Nepalese were forced to leave north-eastern states’.7 Relations no avail because Nepalese rulers and ministers have little or between the two countries sank tp a low when Nepal signed an almost no knowledge about how to resolve such grave issues. agreement with Beijing to purchase weapons soon after a The people of Nepal have recently acknowledged that the report that China had won a contract for constructing a road in dominance of India must be resisted to be an independent state. the western sector to connect China with Nepal. Indian However, India is not entirely responsible for this situation, embargo in 1989, which was imposed by India, caused another internal conflicts of ruling elites and political parties, Maoist fall in the relationship. However, India tries to justify by insurgency and currently renewed conflicts and deadlocks are saying that India always supported democrats against also equally contributing factors for wider role of India in autocratic king; people of Nepal are less convinced on it. After Nepal. Briefly let us see India-Nepal relation in different the restoration of democracy, The Joint Communique of 1990 historical time in the following paragraphs to understand the brought the new concepts like ‘common rivers’and political reality of Indian interference. leaders let India play the greater role in Nepalese politics and its natural resources. The concept of common rivers is very

4 Thomas Hobbes 1958:107 6 Treaty of Peace and Friendship between India and Nepal 1950 5 Kapur, H. 1994:89 7 Suvedi S., 2005: 5 P a g e | 15 August 2020 different from the concept of international rivers and ‘could while analyzing foreign policy is the relative material seriously weaken Nepal’s bargaining power with India when it capability of a given state and systemic pressure as an comes to negotiating economic cooperation projects regarding independent variable explaining how these things affect the the exploitation of Nepalese rivers to generate hydropower’.8 state’s foreign policy outcome in the realm of world politics. After long civil war, Maoist and Nepal’s political parties Neoclassical realists assume other several factors in a unit reached to the consensus with the help of Delhi government level that could have causal weight into the foreign policy outcomes such as domestic politics and leader’s perception and on 10thApril 2008, the election of Constituent Assembly was held. The Maoist stood as the first party, but the assembly defined as intervening variables. According to Rose, could not promulgate the constitution. Second round of neoclassical realist uses the domestic politics and leaders’ perceptions as ‘transmission belt” to filter the systemic election was conducted on 19th November 2013 and recently 10 new constitution has been promulgated. Other countries have pressure at the unit level that is why they are neoclassical. welcomed this success, but India has just noted it and Neoclassical realists argue that to get the more accuracy and supporting the regional based parties indirectly. This has also specificity in the foreign policy outcome, one must open the brought the dissatisfaction among Nepali citizens and some ‘black box’ of the state and see the intervening variables of political parties. Nepal’s participation in China’s One Belt One domestic factors contributing to fulfill the state’s interest and Road has been the headache to India. And now, the goals of through foreign policy. Here, domestic groups may relationship of Nepal with India has gone deep down although include the domestic interest groups, state interests, elite 11 it is not explicit. That is why, to understand the actors in the perceptions and society in general. Rose states that the Foreign policy choices let us observe theoretical approach. country’s foreign policy choices are made by actual political leaders and elites, not by the state as a whole; in this sense Neoclassical Realism and Nepal’s Foreign Policy relative material power capability is more important to them Known as the youngest version of Realism, neoclassical because accommodation of foreign policy choices is a tricky realism deals about the foreign policy of the states within game if unable to understand the systemic constraints in a realist theoretical tradition. The Neoclassical realism was domestic level could cause severe consequences.12 coined by the most prominent realist Gideon Rose. There is a long history of foreign interference on Nepal’s Neoclassical realists also accept the notion of nonrealist theory domestic and foreign policies due to the inefficient internal that the given state’s foreign policy is driven by its place and political culture that often invites external intervention on its relative material power capabilities in the international domestic matters. The domestic political environment was system. The distinct theoretical system of neoclassical realists always vulnerable in inviting external influences intentionally is, it adds the domestic factors such as politics, economy, or unintentionally. More importantly it seemed true that material capability and leaders’ perception to react the Nepal’s foreign policy generally runs by leaders; personal structural pressure while making state’s foreign policy choices imperatives rather than global practicing of diplomacy because in the unit level analysis, each state is free to accept or according to the country’s need and interests.13 reject the structural pressure and they are also free to react and redirect the external threats and opportunities within the state’s To study Nepalese foreign policy, one must see its dynamics of interests and goals. The basic element of neoclassical theory relationship with its neighboring states India and China. Since combines both the classical realist approach and neorealist the independence from Britain, India claims itself as a region’s 14 approach of international politics while explaining and first player and always compares with China’s capability. In analyzing any given state’s foreign policy. To understand the the other hand, China is considered as the global level great reality of world politics and how power shapes the state’s 10 intention they often cite Thucydides’ formula “the strong do Ibid, 147 what they can and the weak suffer what they must”.9 For 11 Juneau 2010:2 neoclassical realists, the most important theoretical explanation 12 Rose 1998: 147

8 Ibid, 11 13 Jaiswal, IDSA 2010

9 Cited in Rose 1998:146 14 Buzan and Waever 2003: 118

P a g e | 16 August 2020 power. If we consider power is the chief determinant factor in only 2 percent. Trichandra College, established in 1918, was the international system, Nepal is in the least advantageous open only to the sons of aristocrats. They suppressed ruthlessly position. Nepal’s real relative capabilities cannot be compared any attempts of political change.16 In 1950, there was the with India and China in terms of land size, population, rivalry for power was heading ahead with no sign of cessation economy, and military technology. India and China are the among the Kings, Ranas, and the elite people for democracy. highly influential foreign actors in Nepal’s foreign policy So, King Tribhuvan coupled knot with Nepali Congress, a choices as they are the next-door neighbors of Nepal and they political party for democracy so that he could enjoy the power possess the higher capabilities than Nepal. Nepal’s foreign again. The King and Congress partnership with the help of policy maneuvering was and is seriously constrained by its India were able to overpower to end the Ranarchy in Nepal. least relative capability. However, Nepalese statesmen use After that the treaty of 1950, opened the way to Indian ‘China Card’ to counterbalance India. In such, the monarchy interference in Nepal. Again in 1990, there was a people’s was successful in exploiting Sino-Indian differences, when movement in Nepal for the democracy, this time also India got Indian influence was heightened in Nepal.15 Neoclassical its upper hand in Nepal because it had supported the political realist theory is good enough to explain Nepalese foreign parties to fight against the King. In 1990, then King Birendra policy as it offers various domestic factors with leaders’ introduced new form of democracy and he became ready to perceptions as intervening variables while analyzing and remain a constitutional monarch. filtering the systemic pressure into decision making process. Nepal had two parties: one The Kings and another all Since 1950s, various domestic factors like geography, dissidents of political parties under one umbrella term called economy, and domestic politics have always played a crucial ‘forum for democracy’ till 1990. The people’s revolution role in determining Nepalese foreign policy. Along with other in1990 could not cut apart the distances, selfishness, and greed domestic variables, Nepalese political and foreign policy of political parties in Nepal. The politically elected Nepali development have proved since many decades that the political politician always thought that India was a savior and that could elites and leaders’ perceptions have the greatest impacts on its supply them onto power if they tender good service to their external policy choices and decision-making processes and rescuer. This again made India as a powerful actor in Nepal. outcome. To understand it, let us see the impact of domestic politics on Indian interference. Governments of Nepal have always been highly unstable and easily dismissing. None of the governments have survived for Domestic Politics and Indian Interference their assigned term of five years since 1990. There we can see We can see the growing political rivalries and mirror images in that till this day political parties have not been able to think Nepal from 1950 to till now and it is likely to be in the future about the development of the country but thinking just to reach as well. The elites who are interested in power politics of to the power. Even after the Maoist revolt and the election of Nepal have always been divided into at least two or more than Constitution Assembly, leaders have not changed their mindset in two groups until 1990 and more than two afterwards. These yet. The political parties of Nepal have been suffering from divisions within have provided the time and space for foreign mirror image disease. These political parties have not had any governments to demonstrate their active roles in Nepali motive for the national development and leading the state politics. It is one of the results of intra-conflicts between the towards the strong economic state conducting first rate guiding two groups in Nepal. principles and by sustaining high quality relation with The people were deprived of any political, social, and neighboring countries and others. As Hachhethu has portrayed educational rights during Rana regime in Nepal which lasted ‘the state has become a husk, to be captured by whichever from 1846 to 1950. During Rana regime not only the people party wins election under Westminster-style winner takes all but also the Kings of Nepal were victimized. ‘The Ranas did system that does little to encourage consensus-building and cross-party cooperation’.17 everything they could do prevent dissent. They discouraged the development of education so that literacy rate in 1951 stood

15 Rose and Dial 1969:95 16 Gellner, D. 2007: 90

17 Ibid,15

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Political leaders of Nepal have been acting on the basis of their References personal interests and they are always dependent towards India Buzan, B., & Waever, O. (2003). Regions and powers: The structure of international security Cambridge University Press. in any decision-making process of development or of foreign Dutt, V. P. (1984). India's foreign policy Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. policy. In such case, India is always there to guide and act as a Gellner, D. (2007). Resistance and the state: Nepalese experiences Berghahn Books. big brother. This situation is created due to the domestic Hobbes, T. (1958). Leviathan, parts I and II, ed. AP Martinich (1651, politics of Nepal that is why; India is not only to be blamed. Joseph, S. N. (2008). Understanding international conflicts: An introduction to theory and Since the history, Nepalese leaders have always consulted history (p. 59). Indian establishment or the political groups for any changes Juneau, T. (2010). Neoclassical realist strategic analysis: A statement. European Consortium on Political Research, and Indians expect the same even today. To end this chain of Kapur, H. (1994). India's foreign policy, 1947-92: Shadows and substance SAGE interference Nepal’s domestic politics needs to be improved. Publications, Limited. Political elites or leaders of Nepal must think to break the Nehru, J. (1961). India's foreign policy: Selected speeches, september 1946-april 1961 chain of the longstanding interference. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. Rose, G. (1998). Neoclassical realism and theories of foreign policy. World Politics, 51(01), 144-172.

How can the country create more decent jobs and encourage more young people to participate in economic activity?

important to a world full of uncertainties and can be regarded as valuable socio-economic national asset. However, many countries feel shattered by the deep challenges thatcame with the miss managed youth economy with the chronic issues as poverty, poor quality of life, violence and crime, unemployment, drugs, STDs, etc. Lots of efforts have been carried out to improve the youth ‘Who owns the youth, owns the future’ -Today, there are rights for better lifelong learning programs and suitable empowerment programs. But unfortunately, the efforts 1.2 billion young people aged 15 to 24 years, accounting for came too late or became too weak to sustain its good 16 per cent of the global population. The active engagement intention, resulting the absence of the youth socio- of youth in sustainable development efforts is central to economic engagement. achieving sustainable, inclusive and stable societies by the target date, and to averting the worst threats and challenges With the development of a Youth Economy (YE) driven to sustainable development, including the impacts of climate programs could possibly enhance the youth participation change, unemployment, poverty, gender inequality, conflict, in development of the socio-economy in early stages of and migration. Majority of theyoung people live in their life. Young people can play a great role in creating developing countries and depict that they are asset to their more impact and outcome at faster rate than other ages as countries and investing in them brings tremendous social history and trend of today show that youth are more and economic benefits. Besides this, they also constitute conscious of global issues like science, climate change 70% of the national unemployment figure that displays a and social equity than others. Though, it is hard nut to bitter truth. crack for several countries to build youths as the reliable pillars for economic development, it can be possible with Cultures, communities, and countries are measured today by some of the steps which could encourage them their ability to optimize the benefit of youth towards the participating in various activities. economy. Creativity and the ability of spirit of youth towards creating a more sustainable socio-economy is very

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One of the major factors could be the employment Similarly, REACH(NGO) that provides vocational training opportunities for the youths that could uplift the growth of the and employment assistance to disadvantaged youth in Vietnam nation and really depends upon the nation’s policies and (3-to 5-month) hospitality and information management strategy. Promoting development-oriented policies that support training to ensure competency for acquiring job opportunities. productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, Mean while, developing countries can replicate the approaches creativity, and innovation are the responsible factors and adopted in other developed countries to encourage the youths encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small-and to become an entrepreneur. The Pangyo’s Techno Valley medium sized enterprises, including through access to (South Korea), a replicated step of Silicon Valley (USA) is a financial services. Thus, it becomes mandatory to provide global center for high technology innovation and social media, sustainable and nationally appropriate labor regulation and has inspiredpeople and helped to accelerate ideas by igniting social protection systems with a focus on those furthest below the entrepreneurial spirit globally. There can be no doubt about the poverty line and the vulnerable, persons with disabilities, how precious the contribution of youths in economic indigenous persons, children, and youth. developmentand is enabling them to take effective role in their Private sector can be a reliable partner in improving youth socio-economy is a vital objective for all countries. The employment and a key engine of job creation.In many government, public sector as well as different organizations countries, however, employer soften through their has important role in creating and providing job opportunities. organizations, are also implementing or pioneering a number A remarkable difference can only be achieved with motivation of initiatives to expand job opportunities for young workers, and creation of secure environment to enable the youths to and to facilitate their integration into the labor market such as innovate and raisethem out to various income generating job facilitation and placement schemes to match young job sectors. seekers with job offers from companies (e.g. a job bank by an organization), use of government programs and incentives to create new jobs for young people (e.g. a Fund)and mentoring of young entrepreneurs and business start-up assistance by maintaining the gender equity. Enterprises’ participation in national vocational training systems and training programs help to ensure skill development and increase the number and scope of training opportunities by establishing school-industry partnership arrangements in order to enhance the relevance of education and easing young people transition from school to work. The private sector would be much more motivated to provide more jobs if the government would cut or reduce business payroll taxes for new hires. Furthermore, the involvement of different NGOs and INGOs can play a vital role in creating several job opportunities in developing countries. The Employment Fund in Nepal, financed by the World Bank, applied a result-based financing approach. In only six years, it provided skills training to 100,000 Nepalese youth and resulted 70% gainful employment and this kind of approach has been replicated to other African countries.

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P a g e | 20 August 2020

अपराधी

तेजेन्र गन्दभजको आिाजिा छनिजला छिषय छलएर प्रस्तनत गररएको लोक गीत पो गननज भएको रहिे । त्यसै सिय नेपालबाट साथीले म्यासेज गरेको छथयो तर आज एकाछिहानै ि भने उि छगतिा पूणज 셁पले ध्यानाकषजक भईसके को छथएौँ । बछहनीको त्यो फोन आयो । छनरास ददजनाक कथा सनन्दा ि छनिःशब्द छथएौँ, िन पीिाले भारी हुन था쥍यो । गीत र आक्रोस छिश्रीत सकन न्जेल कछतबेला आौँखाबाट दईन थोपा आौँसन झररसके ि पत्तै भएन । दखन को छथयो उनको लािो स्िास फेरेर आौँखा बन्द गदै खाटिा पछ쥍टएौँ । फेरर म्यासेजको घण्टी आिाज। उनले भने- बज्यो एकजना साथी नेपालिा काि गरेर जीछिकापाजजन गनज गाह्रो भयो भन्दै Rajaram Shrestha "िैनालीजी” छप.एच.िी (Ph.D.) गनजका लाछग ि अध्ययनरत छिश्वछिद्यालयिा के -कस्ता Ph.D. Scholar, Physics Gwangju Institute of Sci. & Tech GIST नेपालिा हुदै सनछिधाह셁 िन भन्ने प्रश्न गदै छथयो।अको छि쥍ने साथीले भने नेपाल फछकज दा South Korea आएको छिसंगछत र घम्न ने योजनाबारे उ쥍लेख गरेको छथयो । छिध्िंश अिस्थाबारे त्यसै क्रििा साथीले लेखेको छथयो- “अछन छित्र छहजोको योजना भए अननसार त तपाईलाई अिगत नै होला । त्यसै कारणले हािी जस्ता यूिाह셁 छशक्षा नै िम्िाह셁संग घम्न ने र नाईट स्टे हान्ने कन रा हुदौँ ैि ह।ै छतिीले कररि चार िषज अछघ आजजन गनज होस् या रोजगारीको लागी छिदेशी भिू ीिा आफ्नो सीप, कला र ट्यनसन पढाउौँदाको फन च्ची ि छन...अछनता, हो अछहले त पूरै बि-पटाका भा'छक पछसना बेच्न बाध्य भएका ि ौँ। अब त अछत भो छदनहुौँ हाम्रा चेलीबेटीह셁 िे। उ पछन आउने कन रा ि। ल ह ै के टा सेछटङ छिलाइहाल,भन्न त के पलाजर बलात्कार, अपहरण र हत्या जस्ता जघन्य अपराधको छशकार हुदौँ ा पछन सरकार अननभिी िान्िेलाई ( तर जे भएनी त्यो िाल चाछहौँ बबाल भा'छक िे) तेरो लागी ि न ि। दोषीह셁लाई कारिाही गननजको साटो उ쥍टै संरक्षण छददैि, छि...! लाचार भनेर अछनताका दािी बो쥍ि फोटा पठाको िन, िोज गर । चाौँिै छबदा छिलाएर र असक्षि सरकारी किजचारी । तर, अब हािी चपन लागेर बस्न कदापी हुन्न भछन आइजा अछन त्यो सोजन (कोररयन रछक्स) पछन छलएर आएस छन।िम्िाह셁लाई छिदेशी भिू ीिा भए पछन के ही पहल चा쥍ननपने भएको ि । हािी सबै छिछल त्यो रात छफट्टु बनाउनन पिज ।” ि अक्क न बक्क भएौँ । लाग्यो िाौँगाबाट खसे।ौँ छनिजला पन्त र हजार ौँ छनिजला जस्तै पीछितह셁लाई न्याय छदलाउननको साथै दोषी केही बेर अछघ िात्र बलात्कारीह셂लाई फाौँसी छदनन पने भनेर उफ्रने ि आफै उपर हदै सम्िको कारिाहीको िाग र छनकट भछिष्ट्यिा यस्ता अपराध य िनको िातिा आफ्नै छिद्याथीिाछथ छगद्धे नजर लगाइरहके ो रहिे न। अछहले नदोहोररयोस भछन सनशासन र सकृ य सरकारको िाग गने प्रयोजनले छिछभन्न सम्ि गदै आएका हरेक कन किजह셂 ऐना सरी आौँखािा िलजङ्ग देछखन थाले। त्यो छिधािा अध्ययनरत छिद्याथीह셂को आिाज, छभछियो िाफज त प्रस्तनत गने सोच होलीको छदन रंग लगाउने बाहानािा अंगह셁 िनने प्रयास, बाटोिा छहिौँ ्ने - राखेका िौं । त्यसैले तपाईले पछन यस सन्दभजिा आफू लाई लागेका छतता सत्य र चेलीह셂 िाछथ कन दृछ लगाइ काि लगाईछदने प्रलोभनिा गररिीको फाइदा यस्ता घटना न्यूछनकरणिा चा쥍ननपने कदिबारे सनझाि सछहतको एउटा छभछियो उठाउन खोजेको, िछहलाह셁लाई तनच्ि संज्ञा छददै िाल, िम्िा, छचक्ना इत्याछदले बनाएर पठाउन ह?ै ब셁 चाौँिै गनज ह,ै ल त िैनालीजी, ि अ셂 साथीह셂लाई पछन न न सम्बोधन गरी छजस्काउने र साथीह셂 िाझ कस्ले धेरै प्रेिीका बनाउन यस िहत्िपूणज जनचेतनािूलक र सिाजसेिी कायजिा सहभागी भइछदननहुन सफल भयो भछन चको िलफल गरी आनन्द छलने र धेरै के टीको भािनासंग अननरोध गिनज। िैले-'हस रिेशजी' बाहेक अ셂 केही भन्न भ्याइन, त्यछतबेला फोन खे쥍न सफल साथीलाई सिजश्रेको उपाधी छददै सम्िान गरेको र आफन ले िन सम्पकज टनटीसके को छथयो । पराएको के टीले आफन लाई नहदे ाज गंगाजल (acid) छ्यापेर छत छनदोष अननहारको साथीको त्यो िोटो िाताजलाप भए पछन उनको हरेक शब्द िेरो कानिा सनन्दरता हरण गररछदने धम्की छदएको सछम्झदा, आज आफै लाई घणृ ा लाग्यो । गनछन्जरह्यो। ि छभत्र एक प्रकारको आक्रोष जागेर आयो । हुन त भ्रह셁ले राज एक पटक पछन यो सोछचएन छक िेरो त्यस्ता छक्रयाकलापह셁ले उनीह셁लाई कछत गरेको हाम्रो देश, हािा गफ र टनक्काकै भरिा चलाईएको ि हाम्रो देश, छनयि पीिा हुदौँ ो हो? ‘द्वन्द्वयनध्द तब सम्ि रिाइलो र रोचक लाग्ि जबसम्ि हाम्रो बनाउनेह셂 आफै ले छनयिको उलङ्घन गने, जस्को शछि उसैका भछििा आफ्ना आफन्त िछन िएका हुदैनन्' भन्ने भनाइ साौँचो लाग्यो । अब ि के भनेर फसेको ि हाम्रो देश , ... िात्र भनाईिा ि हाम्रो देश, तरखोई कहाौँ ि हाम्रो छनिजला बछहनीको न्यायको कन रा गने । जछत पटक छभछियो बनाउने प्रयत्न गिनज देश ...? ि छभत्र पछन क्राछन्तका ज्िाला फन छटसके को छथयो । छनिजला जस्ता त्यछत नै पटक आफ्ना कन किज आौँखा साि न देछखन था쥍िन, आत्िग्लानी हुन नािाछलका ह셁को न्यायको लाछग ि पछन अग्रसर हुने प्रण गदै छभछियो तयार गरी था쥍यो, लाग्यो अप्रत्यक्ष 셁पिा िैले पछन अपराधीको भछू िका खेछलरहके ो रहिे न। आफू छभत्र गनछम्सरहके ा गाौँठाह셂 फन काउने कोछशस गने छनणजय गरे । िनले सन셁िै भन्यो छक- बलात्कारीलाई फाौँसीको सजाय- झण्न िाएर होस् या गोली ठोकेर Youtube: Dr. Ramesh Pariyar अथिा सबै छिलेर पापीलाई ढनङ्गाले हानीहानी िाने, आछद इत्याछद । छिस्ततृ जानकारी पाउन फे सबनकिा हने े के छशस गरे। MRR (यि ् आर ् आर)् भन्ने Title: Nirmala छनिजलाको न्यायको लाछग कोररयाबाट उठ्यो सशि आिाज https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anAORfkgRmw सिहू िा रिाइला पोस्टह셁का साथै सिाजिा व्यछथत घटना र छतनका Youtube: Nirmala panta|Tejendra Gandharva | The voice of Nepal सिाधानको पहल सिेत गररएको हुदौँ ा त्यही पेजिा प्रिेश गरे।ौँ एक साथीले 'द भोइस अफ नेपाल' (The voice of Nepal)' भन्ने सांगीछतक कायजक्रििा

P a g e | 21 August 2020

Designed By: Rajaram Shrestha Ph.D. Scholar, Physics Gwangju Institute of Sci. & Tech South Korea

P a g e | 22 August 2020

दुख नै क्रान्ति

जीिन के हो ि र जनग देछख बाची आएको ि । त्यो हो दखन । भकृ न टीको पोताला भिन नबनेर िलाई थाहा िैन । हार खाएर 셁ननको दखन , कन नै प्रयोगशालाको कैय ौँ प्रयास पछिको हार बाट छनक्लेको दख सौँग ऐना पछन भइछदन सक्ि । हािी जहाौँ जान्ि हाम्रा पररबेस कछत अस्चायज पूणज न पछन बोके र जान्ि ,ौँ िाछनस आफ बसेको ठाउौँ ले बन्ि, अछन हािी जहाौँ जहाौँ ि यो कन रा, ि ू जान्ि , त्यहाौँको औौँठािाप हाम्रो चररत्र, हाम्रो बनझाइ, हाम्रो अननभछू त, हाम्रो Pramod Bdr. K.C. जीिन छजइरहिे न तर Ph.D. Candidate, जीिनको छिज्ञ ि संस्कारिा अछिट बनेर बछसछदन्ि । अछन हािी बेग्लै बछनसक्ि । भोट पनगेका Pharmacy, Toxicology हुन सछक्दन । यछत अरछनको र भोट बाट फकेका अरछनको फरक भैसके का छथए होलान्, छतब्बत Daegu Catholic University, S. Korea थाहा ि, जीिनिा पनगेकी भकृ न टी र छतब्बत िा बसस ौँ बसेर िाइत भेट गनज आएकी भकृ न टी फरक कछहले नथाछिने भैसकेका छथए होलान् । इछतहासिा कछत्त अछलछखत या हािीले पढ्न नभ्याउने भारी बसाज भइरहन्ि । अछन हािी िाता ओढेर छहछिरहनि , र पछन अछल अछल कथा ह셂 िन् । कछत अघोछषत या हािीले सनन्न नभ्याएका दखन ह셂 िन् । िाछनस अङगीकरण गनज सक्ने प्राणी हो। हरेक दख सौँग त्यही तहको रक्षा किच छिटाले िोइरहन्ि, कछहले जनत्ता र िोजा 셁जाउि, कछहले पनरै आफू लाई । ग ति ् न पछहररछदन सक्ि, या सौँगै बाछचछदन सक्ि । दखले दखाउौँि तर बनाउौँि पछन । बनद्धको बनध्हत्ि प्राछि पछिको पछहलो िाणी छथयो, जीिन दखन िय ि । यो कछत न न फे रर पछन भन्ि, यसिा पररबेस को दोष हुदौँ ैन । दख बाट भाग्न छि쥍दैन, तर छहम्िछतलो बचन छथयो । ि पछन यो कन रा लाई सिथजन गिनज । िैले अछघ भनेको न न दखका दागह셂लाई तक्िा जसरी पछहररन भने छि쥍ि । दखले हुकाजउौँि, बढाउौँि जीिनिा भइरहने बसाज भनेको, दखन को बसाज । न न । सायद छब셁िालाई जछिन दखन हो । दखन ले िछललो बनाइ रहन्ि िन, सायद जन बाट हािी बच्न चाहन्ि ौँतर 셁ज्चौं पछन । हुन त हािी सबैको धारणा हरेक जछिन लाई कोदालो दखन हो, र रोपाई भन्दा अगािी त्यो एकदि दख्न ि । तर कन रािा फरक हुन सक्ि, अछन कन नै कोण बाट हने े हो भने, हािी सबै सही हुन छयनै प्रछक्रयाले हो िछललो बनाइछदने अछन य टा बेग्लै चररत्रलाई जन्िाइछदने । सक्ि । तर िैले जीिन र दख को संदबज यहाौँ 쥍याउनन को आशय भनेको चाछहौँ , न यो प्रिासको बसाइलाई दखन सौँग जोछिछदने िनसायलाई पन्िाइछदनन हो । िान्िे जहाौँ जछहले जसरी पछन दछन खरहन्ि । दखन ाइछदने बहाना फरक हुन्िन्,कारण फरक हुन्िन्, दख्न ने िेदना एउटै, भािना एउटै । त्यसैले दख्न नन को दोष बाछहरी िातािरणलाई िात्र छदनन अननपयनि हुन सक्ि । छिदेशिा दख्न ने िन, स्िदेशिा कछहले नदखन ेको हो र? िन छभत्रका दख्न ने कोस ह셂 उत्तेछजत गररछदने तत्त्ि ह셂 बेग्लै हुन सक्िन्, तर दख्न ने कोस त एउटै । अछहले घरको िहारीको न्यास्रोले दखन ाएको भए, छहजो उिी छहिौँ ्न नपाएको िेदना दखन ाउने तत्त्ि छथयो होला । ऐले व्यस्तताले गलाएको भए, छहजो बेकम्िा हुनन परेको यथाथजताले पोलेको छथयो होला । यो भए पछि खसन ी हुन्िन भन्ने आशा ह셂लाई चाछह ौँ छि쥍ने भए गाछिछदन पने हो । तर त्यो पछन असम्भि ि । िान्िे आशाको सन्तछत हो । आफ्नो धरोहर सम्हाली रहन्ि । हािी कसैका आस ह ,ौँ हाम्रो आस कोही हुन् । दछन नयाौँ भिू ण्िलीकरण भैसके को ि, िाछनस यात्रन भएका िन् । बछगरहन पने अछन बछनरहन पने यो पनौँजीिादी संसारिा हािी ढनङ्गा भने पक्कै बन्न सक्दैन । हाम्रा रहर फे ररन्िन्, सहर फे ररन्िन् र त हाम्रा घर पछन फे ररन्िन् । ओस्िोछसस भए जसरी हािी बिी दखन बाट कि दखन छतर लछम्करहन्ि या लछम्कन खोछजरहन्िौँ, र त जीिन चछलरहन्ि । प्रिाछसनन भने कन नै नयाौँ कन रा हैन रछहि, सछदय ौँ देछख िाछनस छहौँछिरहके ो ि, यो छहिौँ ्ने कन राको नक्सा के ही पनस्ता उता लाने हो भने पछन, बाबन बाजे बाराजे,या भन ौँ बछजनी बररजानी कसै न कसै सौँग हाम्रो िेदना छि쥍न सक्ि । िान्िे लाई उस्तै बनाइछदने एउटै किी भनेकै दखन रहेि । एक दईन पनस्ता बाट शताब्दी छतर लाग्ने हो भने पछन अरछनको सम्ि पनग्न सछकन्ि, अरछनको सौँग पनगेका छश쥍पकार ह셂को िेदना कोट्ट्य न सछकन्ि । भकृ न टी सम्ि पनग्न सछकन्ि, छतनको नयाौँ भाषा नयाौँ पररिेश सौँगको जनधाइ र कछठनाइ ह셂 सौँग आफू लाई जोि्न सछकन्ि । यी दिन ैको किजको आफ्नै गन्तव्य छथयो, नेपाल िण्िलको कला र धिजलाई उस्तै ढङ्गले परदेशिा पछन छभत्राइछदनन । एउटा लेखिा भकृ न टीले पोताला भिन कै य ौँप्रयासिा छन बन्न नसके कोले हार खाएर भईन िौँ ा गनिा टेके र रोएको कथन ि । यो अछनत्य संसार िा य टै कन रा छनत्य

P a g e | 23 August 2020

KGSP र 配यस न्िनाको कोररयाको अनुभव

कोररया र कोररयाको बसाई पछि थप जानकारी छलनको लाछग कोररयान एम्बछस्स तथा studyinkorea िा सम्पकज गरें । । भन्ने ि क पाउने हो भने कन रा धेरै िन Share गनजको लाछग । त्यछतबेला जानकारर छदने खासै कोछह छथएनन अझ त्यसिा कोररयािा त्यछह पछन आफैं खोज तलास गदै प्रोसेस पनरा गरेर २०१३ को इनटेक्िा िैले यो छिद्याथी स्ि셂पको बसाई । उतकृ िात्रबत्तृ ी पाउने ि का प्राि गरें । यो िात्रबत्तृ ीका कछन्िशनह셁 टफ िन्, सोचे जस्तो सछजलो िैन । ि तर असम्भि चाछह ं पक्कै िैनन । यछद तपाईलं े खोज्नन भएको छिषय उपलभ्ध ि पछन कोररयािा एउटा साधारण

Neha Jangam र तपाईलं े कछन्िशनह셁 पनरा गननज हुन्ि भने अन्तराजछष्ट्रय छिद्याथीह셁को लाछग Essay/Story Writing Master’s in TESOL छिद्याथी । KPop र K- कोररयािा यो जतीको राम्रो स्कलछशजप अको शायदै िैन होला । कोररयान Sookmyung Women’s Univ. Drama ले छबश्वा भरी छचछनने S. Korea भाषाको रेछनङ्ग , यनछनभछसजटीको खचज, टनिे ्लेन छटके ट, इन्सनरेन्स तथा यो देशसौँगको िेरो संबन्ध पछन कोररयािा तपाईकं ो प्रोग्राि अिछध भरी लाग्ने िाछसक खचज पछन कोररयान ७ बषज पनरानो भयो र यसको सन셁िात भएको छथयो कोररयाको एक्दिै उत्कृ सरकारले प्रदान गने हुनाले एउटा छिद्याथीको लाछग यो जस्तो सपोटज िाछनने िात्रछिछत्त, KGSPबाट, तर २.५ बषजको कोररयाको बसाईिै िात्र यो कोररयािाअ셁 कन नै स्कलछशजपले नदेला भन्ने िेरो छबचार ि । र यो स्कलछशजप संबन्ध चांछह टनटेन । २०१७ तथा हालै २०१९िा फे रर कोररया तफै ताछनएर पाएर कोररयािा पढ्ने ि क पाएकोिा ि सांछचकैनै कोररयान गभिेन्ट NIIED आउनन लेछखएको रहिे । तर, यस्पाली चांछह पछि쥍लो प쥍ट जस्तो अिसरिा को अभारी िन । होइन, एउटा साधारण छिद्याथीको 셂पिा । दईन प쥍टको कोररयन यूनीभछसजछटको २०१३ अगस्त २६ ताररखिा काठिािौं - इन्चन फ्लाइटबाट राती ११:४६ छतर अननभि, एउटा साधारण ईन्टरनेशनल स्टनिेन्ट र एउटा गभिेन्ट स्कलछशजप हािी 쥍यान्ि गरेर छनछस्कयौं । NIIED ले तोछकए अननसार िेरो कोररयान हो쥍िरको छबचको छभन्नाता र त्यो संगै कोररयाको बसाईिा त्यसको प्रभाि बारे, 쥍यांगिेज चाछहं सऊल छस्थत Hankuk University of Foreign Studies एक साधारण नेपाली छिद्याथी ि, याहां` िैले भोगेका र देखेका के छह कन राह셁 (HUFS) िा छथयो र ि सछहत अन्य देश का ६० छिद्याथीह셁ले १ बषज को यहाौँह셁को िाझ्िा ब्यि गनज चाहन्िन । लाछग HUFSलाई नै आफ्नो घर तथा पढ्ने थलो बनायौं । १ बषजिा TOPIK छबगतको सियिा K-Pop क्रजेले होस िा Hallyu Wave संगै बग्दै कोररया ३ Level 쥍याएर कोररयान यनछनभछसजटीिा जानन छन सछजलो काि चाछहं रहेनि । तफज आउनन हुने छिद्याथीह셁को शंख्या छनकै बढेको ि । उच्च छशक्षाको लाछग त्यो चाछह ं हािीले भोगेर नै बनझ्यौं । रात छदनको 한국어-토픽-한국어- अिेररका, अष्ट्रेछलया, यूके छतरा जाने यनिाह셁सौँग- सौँगै कोररया, जापान छतर पछन 토픽 को रटाई र पढाईले अ셁 के छह कन रािा ध्यान छदने ि कै पाईएन । "ओहो! जान ईक्षनक छिद्याथीह셁 हुदौँ ा रहिे न भन्ने कन रा चांछह िैले २०१३ िा िात्र थाहा कोररयाको पढाई त यस्तो पो हुदौँ ो रहिे " भन्ने लाग््यो, तर छत छदन अछहले पाएं । त्यछत बेला "कोररयािा पढ्न पछन जान्िन र?" भन्ने िेरो छबचार छथयो । सछम्झदा कती सछजलो जस्तो अननभि हुन्ि । न त 셂ि खोज्नको छचन्ता, न त कारण- कोररया, िलेछशया, दबन ाई छतर बैदेछशक रोज्गाररको लागी जाने नेपाली रेन्ट नै छतनज पने । जस्तो प्रोब्लेि परे पछन KGSP co-ordinator लाई भने फस्टज काम्दारह셁को आकशजन र लहर । अझै पछन सोच्ने हो भने एछसया छभत्र नै पढ्न न priority िा राखेर गररछदने । काि गननज नपने र गनज पछन नपाएइने हुदौँ ा, काि जाने छिद्याथीह셁को शंख्या अिेररका, यूरोप, अष्ट्रेछलया आछद भन्द छनकै नै कि खोज्ननको छचन्त छलनन पने अिसर नै पाईएन । छचन्ता छथयो तर त्यो पछन िात्र ि । हाम्रो सिाजिा अझै पछन एछसयन िलन नकह셁लाई पढाईको िाम्लािा जान एउटा- "यो पाली को TOPIK जांचिा पास होला छक न होला?" भन्ने । उपयनि भन्ने ठाछनन्न । यसिा ठनलो भछन िका खे쥍ि “Social Awareness” को KGSP भने पिी सब जना सौँगै खाने बस्ने हुदौँ ा साथीको किी छथएन । एउटै किी तथा सिजिा भएको “Stereotypes” ले । नेपाली सिाजिा अझै पछन लक्ष्यले एउटै ठाउौँिा पगेको सबको िन र छबचार उस्तै उस्तै हुदो हो- एक्लो हुने िैदेछशक रोज्गाररको लाछग जाने ठाऊौँलाई छशक्षाको लाछग राम्रो ठाछनन्न ।तर न ि कै नपाउने । जसो तसो १ बषज को कोररयान पढाई सक्केर TOPIK ४ 쥍याई यछद राम्ररी बनझ्ने हो भने नेपाल नछजकका छचन, जापान, ताइिान, कोररया, यनछनभछसजटी गएौँ ग्िङ्जनिा । के ही फरक भए पछन अफ्ठ्यारो छबना १.५ बषज छन छसन्गापनर र अन्य देशह셁 पछन छिश्व भररनै उच्च छशक्षाको लाछग अत्यन्त एछत्तकै गयो । पढाईिा अव्िल नछतजा 쥍याएर कोररयाको त्यो क्षछणक उत्कृ िाछनन्िन् र यहां` पढाईका लाछग अिसरह셁 पछन छनकै िन् । किी ि बसाईलाइ टा-टा बाई-बाई गदै नेपाल फछकज न त फछकज् एं तर ३ बषज पछन पनरा नहुदौँ ै भने चाछह ं िात्र बनझ्न र खोछज गनजिा । “Social Influence” र “Trend” लाई फे री अको फे रोिा पगें कोररया छतरै, तर यो पलीको कथा बन्यो एक्दिै फरक । फलो गने एउटा क쥍चर बनेको ि, जसिा अ셁ले जे ग셍 यो त्यछह फलो गिौं न हािी । व्यछिगत 셂पिा ररसचज र एक्स््लोर गने काििा अछ쥍ि गिौं र २०१९ फेब २६ िा दोस्रो प쥍ट फेरी एउटा छिद्याथीको 셂पिा कोररया आइयो । “majority rules” भने जस्तै अ셁ले जे ग셍 यो त्यछह गदाज छठक भन्ने सोच्िौं । तर यो पाली भने कोररयन गभिेन्टको सहायतासौँग होइन, आफ्नै भरिा आउन हुन पछन हो, जब सम्ि हािीसौँग करेक्ट र ररलाएबल इन्फिेसन हुदौँ ैन, छनणजय पनगें । यनछनभछसजछट एि्छिशनको कछन्िशन पनरा गरेर यनछनभछसजछटबाट फनल छलन गाह्रो हुन्ि । तर सधैं अ셁को पिी लागेर हुन्ि भन्ने पछन होईन । यछह स्कलछशजप त पाइयो, तर त्यस बाहके को खचज भने आफैं ब्योहोननज पने गरर । सन्धिजिा जोि्न चाहन्िन KGSP -कोररयान गोिेन्िेन्ट स्कलछशजप प्रोग्रािलाई । कोररयान आउन त आउौँि, तर नबोलेको िषौं भई सकेको, कोररयािा काि Master’s पढाइको लछग स्कलछशजप खोज्दा खोज्दै scholars4dev भन्ने खोज्ने न त एछक्स्पररय्एन्स नै छथयो न त कन नै कनेक्सनस । पछहले भेटेका साथी- साइट्िा यस प्रोग्रािबारे पछहलो प쥍ट थाहा पाएं । स्कलछशजप बारे बनझेर र त्यस भाईह셁 सब अन्य ठाउौँ छतर उछिसके का छथए िा बोलचाल छथएन । 셂ि खोज्नन,

P a g e | 24 August 2020

काि खोज्नन, पढ्नन, जाौँच छदनन, नयाौँ िातािरणसंग जनझ्दै आएका ह쥍े थ कोररयािा पढ्न आउन चाहनन हुने साथीह셁को लाछग िेरो सनझाि चाछहं यछह हो प्रोब्लेम्ह셁 भोग्नन इत्याछद, एक्कै चोछट हुदौँ ा त कछहले काछहं "ि पछहला छन छक आउनन अछघ यो सबै कन रालाई ध्यानिा राखेर र बनझेर िात्र आउनन होला । कोररयािा बसेकै हो र?" भन्ने जस्तो पो लाग्दो हो । कोररयािा एउटा छिद्याथीले साथीह셁ले Instagram र Facebook िा राखेको पोस्ट जस्तो सधैौँ रिाइलो आफन लाई सस्टेन गनज सछजलो िैन । यछद कोररयन भाषा आउौँदैन भने त झन चाछहनौँ पक्कै हुदौँ ैन । रिाइला छदनह셁 पछन आउौँिन तर त्यो भन्दा अगािी िहने त गाह्रो । इछिग्रेशनको छनयि अननसार छहिं ्ने हो भने एउटा छिद्याथीले कोररयािा गननज पने छदनह셁 धेरै हुने गिजन । कोररयान भाषा छबना कोररयािा कछठन ि - गनज छि쥍ने कािह셁 छनकै नै थोरै िन । त्यसिा पछन आफन लाई चाछहने जस्तो र पढ्निा िात्र होइन काि पाउन र पाएको ठाउौँिा काि गनज पछन । कन नै कन नै छि쥍ने काि पाउन चाछह ं भाग्य छलएरै आउनन पने जस्तो हुन्ि । हिािा ३०-४० स्पेसल के सिा कोररयन भाषा छबना पढाई सक्काउनन हुने िहाननभािह셁 पछन िटा ठाउौँिा 알바 को लाछग अ्लाई गदै, इन्टभ्यनज छदंदै जान््यो । तर पछन काि भेरट्टइन्िन तर यो सबैिा लागन हुदौँ ैन । "क बाट किनिा" भने जस्तै कोररयनको छफक्स हुन गाह्रो । "कोररयान TOPIK लेिेल ५ बोकेर शायद अछल सहज 가,나, 다 छसके र आउनन भएकै बेस । पढाईको बारेिा भन्नन पदाज सके सम्ि भएको होला छक? " भन्नन छक न भन्नन जस्तो पछन लाग्ि । फे सबूकिा फोन बेच्ने, आफन ले चाहनन भएको यनछनभछसजटी िा प्रोग्राि बारे in-depth ररसचज गरेर र कन रा छसि कािज बेच्ने छददी बछहनी र दाजन भाईको छपिा िैले छन बनझेको िन । बनझेर िात्र आउनन होला । यनछनभछसजटीले छदन सक्ने स्क्लछशजप बारे बनझेर र रेस्टनराौँह셁िा काि खोज्न र पाउन सके िा हुन््यो भन्ने लाग्ने तर नपाउने । र त्यो कोररयािा लाग्ने खचज ब्योहोनज सक्नन हुनन हुन्ि भने िात्र आउनन हुन िेरो सनझाि ि भन्दा छन गाह्रो चाछहं काि छिलाई छदन्िन भन्नेह셁को भरोसा गनज । छबदेश गए । कोररयािा आएर काि गरेर पढ्िन भनेर बस्नन भएिा अफ्ठ्यारोिा पनज पछन पिी आफ्नोलाई आफ्नोले नै ठग्िन भन्ने कन रा छनकै सनन्या छथएं, छनकै हदस् म्ि सछकने हुदौँ ै ध्यान पनयौंउनन ज셂री ि । तर कोररयािा एउटा इन्टन्याजसनल छठक जस्तो पछन लाग्यो । साछथ भनौंदाह셁 पछन उछनह셁लाइ चाछहएको बेला हुने स्टनिेन्टको छजिनिा सधैं द:खै िात्र हुने भन्ने चाछहौँ पछन होइन । भएका क्षण्ह셁िा आफन लाई परेको बेला नहुदं ा रहिे न, राम्ररी देछखयो बनछझयो । सके सम्ि रिाउन जान्नन पिज र टाईि तथा फं ि्स ब्यालेन्स गनज अत्त्याछधक ज셂री हुन्ि । यहाौँह셁ले छन याद राख्नन भन्िन ि । तर सबैभन्दा हांस उठ्दो कन रा चाछह ं के हो हरेकको भोगाइ र कथा फरक हुने हुदौँ ा तपाईकं ो पछन उस्तै नै हुन्ि भनेर कसैले भन्दा खेरर, काि खोजेर “ल सब प्रब्लेि सिि!” भन्न नछि쥍ने, काि गननज पछन भन्न सक्दैन । तर द:न ख गरेर, खचज गरेर कोररया आएर पछन फे रर अफ्ठ्यारोिा पननज आफै िा अको चन ती ि यहाौँ । काि गदै, पढ्दै, असाइनिेन्ट र जाौँच गदै छदन भन्दा सिय िै सजग भएर छनणजय छलनन नै बनछद्धिाछन हो । Consultancy को कता जान्ि पत्तो हुन्न । छदन- छदन र घण्टा-घण्टाको छहसाब गदै चलाउौँदै र सके िात्र भर नपननजहोस । Facebook िा नेपाली स्टनिेन्ट ग्रनपको िात्र भर नपननजहोस । सम्ि खचज कि गननजको बाध्यता कछहले आएर बानीिा परीणत भएि थाहा नै सके सम्ि आफ्नो यनछनभछसजटीको बारे आफैं ररसचज गरर, प्रोफे सर, ईन्टरनेशनल भएन । काि र पढाई ब्यालेन्स गनै पने-काि नगरे िछहना छदन टानज खिज िैन, अछफस र त्यहाौँका छिद्याथीह셁सौँग बनझेर िात्र छनणजय छलन हुन आग्रह गिनज । ग्रेि िेन्टेन नगरे स्कलछशजप जाने खत्रा । "सांछचकै यो पो रहिे छबदेशिा पढ्न स्कलछशजप हुनन र नहुननिा धेरै फरक ि । त्यसैले सियिै िोछनटरर फछन्िङ जानन भने को त "भन्ने जस्तो लाग्ि । साईन्स एन्ि टेकनोलोछज र ररसचजिा काि ओ्सनस र त्यसका कछन्िसन्ह셁 पनरा गने प्रायस गननज होस । कोररयािा छबदेशी गने, प्रोफेसरलाई अछसस्ट गने साथीह셁को कथा शायद यस्तो नहोला। छिद्याथीह셁को लाछग भएका अिसरह셁 धेरै नभएता पछन भएकाह셁बाट चाछहौँ 쥍याबिा काि गननज पने, क्लास छलनन पने हुदौँ ा बाछहर काि खोज्न जान नपलाज । बछन्चत नहुनन होस । यदी तपाईलं े ठीक तररकाले जानकारी छलएर, तयारी गरेर र तर सबैको अिस्था एउटै हुदौँ ैन । उहाौँह셁को पछन िनट्टै द:न ख हुन्ि, नभने पछन । आफन लाई पछन तयार गरेर आउनन भएिा तपाईकं ो लाछग कोररयाको अननभि यस्तोिा “ि त काि खोज्न जानै पदैन, प्रोफेसरले स्यालरर छदन्ि”, “िलाई त अन्य देशको भन्दा कि हुने िैन । कोररयािा के छह गाह ै िैन, कती आनन्द ि “ भन्नेह셁को करा सन्दै झनक्क ररस न न उठ्नन र झापि छदउौँ- छदउौँ पछन लाग्ि कछहले काछहौँ । तर छदन भनेको सबैको आउौँि भनेर चपन लाग्नन बाहके अ셁 छबक쥍प िैन । कन नै जिानािा आफन लाई छन आनन्दै छथयो भन्ने झ쥍झली याद आउौँि तर दखन िानेर काि भने िैन । अछहले जे ि त्यसैिा रिाउन छसक्नन पिज भन्ने जस्तो लाग्ि । दखन बाटै िान्िेले धेरै कन रा छसक्िन र िैले पछन धेरै कन रा छसके को िन जस्तो लाग्ि िलाई । र यसिा ि दखन होइन गिज गदजिन । "कोररया फके र छकन आएको?", "अिेररका छतर जानन प्यो" भन्दै छनरोत्सछहत गने िान्िेह셁 धेरै भए पछन र अछहले प쥍टको बसाई त्यछत सहज नभए पछन िलाई िेरो एछक्स्पररयन्स्ले धेरै कन रा छसकएको ि र यसिा ि दईन ित हुन सछक्दन । "Every experience counts and every experience matters" भन्ने िा छिश्वाश गदजिन र त्यछह motto सौँगै ि पछन कोररया तथा संसारको अ셁 कन नै देशिा रहनन भएक छिद्याथी साछथह셁 जस्तै हरेक छदन छबताउौँदै िन । आफ्ना दईन खट्टन ािा टेके र घर पररिारको सहयता छबना एक्लै काि गदै पढ्नन छन सानो कन रो होइन । यसरर दखन गरेर आफ्नो लक्ष तफज छहिं ्नन भएका सब छिद्याथी साथीह셁 प्रती ि सम्िान र आदर ब्यि गनज चाहन्िन ।

P a g e | 25 August 2020

उ楍च न्िक्षाको लहर र कोररया िसा셍इ न्िन्ि २०७७।०४।२४ (सन ् २०२०।०८।२४)

नेपालको पा쥍पा छज쥍लाको हररहरभिन लछलतपनरिा के छन्रय बीउ छबजन प्रयोगशालालाइ ज अन्तराछष्ट्रय स्तरको िापदण्ि भएको प्रयोगशाला र िान्यता प्राि बनाउने प्रिख छजम्िा रािपनर–७ छकसानबारी न स्थायी घर भइज साधारण सछहत स셂िा भयो । सो अननसार कररब २ बषज त्यस प्रयोगशाला र के न्रिा काि छकसान घर पररिारिा िेरो गरी उि प्रयोगशालालाइज अन्तराछष्ट्रय स्तरको िापदण्ि भएको प्रयोगशाला र जन्ि भएको हो । ि सानो अन्तराछष्ट्रय बीउ परीक्षण सम्बन्धी संगठन (ISTA, switerzerland) बाट िान्यता प्राि गराइ ज नेपाल सरकारले श셂 गरेको प्रधानिन्त्री कछष िौँदा पा쥍पाको श्री छबजयपनर ृ Shalikram Gautam. प्रा. छि., श्री दरैं ठाौँटी िा.छि. आधछन नछककरण पररयोजना अन्तगजत पररयोजना कायाजन्ियन इकाइ,ज जोन Ms Student, Agriculture जैतनिा नेपालको सबैभन्दा गररब र दगिज छज쥍ला बाजरिा काि गने अिसर Kyungpook Nat. Univ, S. Korea र श्रीनगर उच्च ् िा. छि. िा न न न उच्च िा. छि. सम्िको सिेत छि쥍यो ।उि अिछधिा छत्रभिन न छिश्वछिधालयको हाल ब쥍खिन ा रहके ो जनप्रशासनिा स्नात्तोकत्तरिा भनाज भइ ज अध्ययन गरें तर बाजरा जान परेकाले अध्ययन पनरा गरेको हो। छिधालय स्तरको पढाइिा छनकै सिस्या (छिधालय न न स्तरका जस्तै कक्षा कोठा, भिन, फछनजचर जस्ता किजोर अिस्था, छनयछित घर उि अध्ययनको थेछसस कायज बांकी नै रह्यो।उि जोन नेपालिा नै नयाौँ र जैतन बाली पछन नयाौँ छथयो । नेपालको एक सभाब्य छनयाजत योग्य तेल (ओछलभ) पररिारको किाइज नहुनन र अभाि) आछद जो धरैजसो नेपालीले ब्यहोरेको ं अभाि, सिस्या र जछटलताह셂 बेहोदै अगाछि बढेको हो । जैतन को प्रिजधनिा र प्रछिछध छिस्तारिा कररब २ बषज काि गने अिसर सिेत छि쥍यो।त्यस लगतै बीउ छबजन गनणस्तर छनयन्त्रणिा के न्र, हररहरभिन छिधालय स्तरिा प्रछतभािन, जेहन्े दार एिि ् प्रथि छिधाथीको 셂पिा अगािी लछलतपनरिा फछकज छिकछसत र लोपन्िखन , र प्रचछलत तर दताज नभएका बढेको छथएं । सानो िंदा कि बो쥍ने, लजाउने स्िभाि तर नेतत्ृ ि छलने िेरो बानी जातह셂को दताज र बीउ ब्यिसायीह셂लाइज ताछलि तथा लाइसेन्स प्रदान कायजिा िेरो छथयो । सानो उिेर देछख नै आफ्नो किाइ ज र सके को किज गदै जाननपिज भनी संलग्न रहें । त्यस लगत्तै कोररया सरकारले नेपाल सरकारका किजचारीह셂का कन खरन ा पालन गरी छिधालय स्तरको पढाइ संचालन, रयनसन र के छचंग पढाइ लाछग उच्च छशक्षाका लाछग भनी KOICA Scholarship श्री कृछष तथा उच्च छशक्षा हाछसल गरेको हु ं । हालसम्िका छिधालय स्तरिा कक्षा पशपन न्िी छिकास िन्त्रालयिा आएको रहिे र सोको लाछग बीउ छबजन गनणस्तर ब्यिस्थापक, उच्च छशक्षािा कक्षा ब्यिस्थापक, स्नात्तोकत्तर छिधाथी के न्र हररहरभिन लछलतपनरबाट श्री कृ छष तथा पशपन न्िी छिकास िन्त्रालयिा सिाजको अध्यक्ष र नेपाल सरकारबाट हुने छिछभन्न छिदेश भ्रिणिा सिेत कागजात प्राि भयो। उि िन्त्रालयबाट छनणजय भइज श्री अथज िन्त्रालयिा नेतत्ृ ि गने अिसर पाएको छथएं ।त्यसै गरी अध्ययनको छशलछशलािा राछष्ट्रय कागजात गइज छनणजय भइज नेपाल छस्थत KOICA कायाजलयबाट कोररया सरकार िकै बाली अननसन्धान कायजक्रििा िकै बाली नेपालको दोश्रो बाली र सबै ठाउौँ तथा कोररयाको Kyungpook National University Daegu िा कागजात र सियिा खेती हुन सक्िर कृ छषिा आधछन नछकरण र औधोछगकरण 쥍याउन पनगेि। छिछभन्न चरण र अन्तिाजता सिेत पनरा गरी सन् २०१९ अग २१ िा सछकन्ि भनी िणजशंकर जातको छिकासिा अननसन्धान भयो र छनकै संभािना कोररयािा कृ छष छिषयिा उच्च छशक्षाका अन्तगजत Master in Agriculture भएका उच्च उत्पादन छदन सक्ने जातह셂 देखा परे । सो अननसार पछि नेपाल िा अध्ययन गरररहके ो िन।देशिा छनरन्तर काििा खछटंदा लोकसेिाको तयारी सरकारले ती जातह셂 थप अध्ययन गरी (हाल सम्ि िैले अननसन्धान गरेका ३ गनज असहज हुने र एक पटक उपसछचि २०७४ सालि बागिानी छिषयिा नाि िटा) जातह셂 दताज गररसकेको ि । छनकालेता पछन अन्तरिाताजिा फेल भएका कारण िेरो छशक्षा अझ कछिरहेि उच्च छशक्षा छत्रभिन न छिश्वछिधालय स्तरिा कृ छष तथा पशनछिज्ञान अध्ययन ठानी कोररयािा आएको हु ं । हालसम्ि, कोररयािा रहदं ा उच्च छशक्षाकालाछग संस्थानिा कृ छष स्नातक र स्नातकोत्तर सम्िको अध्ययन छि. सं. २०६० – चाछहने कोषज सबैिा उच्चति ग्रेि सछहत पनरा गरी, आधछन नक जैछिक छिज्ञानको २०६६ सालसम्ििा िात्रबछृ त प्राि गरी र स्न्नातोकत्तरिा बाली प्रजनन नया अननसनधान छिषयिा Molecular Plant Breeding ( Rice gene छिज्ञानिा छिछश श्रेणीिा प्रथि छिधाथीको 셂पिा उच्च छशक्षा हाछसल भएको Editing on CRISPR Cas9) िा अननसन्धान कायज च쥍दै ि । हो । त्यस लगत्तै छि. स. २०६६ श्रािणदेछख लोकसेिा आयोगको पररक्षा पास गरी बाली छबज्ञानिा बाली छिकास अछधकृ तको 셂पिा जाछगर श셂न भएको हो । छि.सं. २०६६ साल पछिको जाछगरिा छज쥍ला कृ छष छिकास कायाजलय, बाौँके नेपालगंजिा बाली छिकास अछधकृ त छि.स. २०६९ सम्ि बीउ छबजन क्षेत्रिा सनधार र छज쥍लालाइ ज िीउिा आत्िछनभजर गराइ ज बीउ ब्यिसाय सक्षि हुने ब्यिस्था गरी, छि.सं. २०७१ सम्ि क्षेत्रीय छिउ छिजन प्रयोगशाला, भैरहिािा बाली छिकस अछधकृ त र पछि कायाजलय प्रिखन सिेत रही प्रयोगशालाको पूिाजधार, उपकरणह셂िा सनधार, बीउ परीक्षण प्रणालीिा सनधार र बीउको गनणस्तर सिदन ाय स्तरिा सनधार गरी काि गरें । बीउ छबजन क्षेत्रिा नयाौँ यूिा पनस्तािा प्रखर र जागररलो िानी श्री कृ छष छिकास िन्त्रालयको तत्काछलन श्रीिान सछचि श्री जयिकन न न्द खनाल, सहसछचि श्री छिलाराि भण्िारी लगायतका ब्यछिह셂को सहयोगिा बीउ छबजन गनणस्तर छनयन्त्रण केन्र, P a g e | 26 August 2020

कोररया िसा셍इ नेपाली छिधाथी तथा कािदारह셂का लाछग सहयोग गरेको र कायजक्रि संचालन गरेको पाइयो। छिधाथीश셂िा छभसाका सिस्या, अध्ययनका सिस्या सािाधान कोररयािा िेरो बसाइ ज सन् २०१९ अग २१ देछख भएको हो । नेपालबाट गने तथा राजदत कायाजलयिा पहल गने, नेपाली कला सस्कछत प्रिजदन गने कायज कोररया आउौँदा कोररयाबाट उच्च छशक्षा हाछसल हुने र कोररयाका नया न ं ृ भैराखेको पायौं र केही कायजक्रििा सिािेश सिेत भइयो । प्रछिछधह셂 नेपालिा छभत्र्याउन सछकन्ि भनी उत्साहका साथ छिरेको छथएं। सोही अननसार KOICA –Master Degree on Kyungpook National के के न्सके र प्राप्त भयो ि कोररयािा । University Daegu बाट छिछभन्न कृ छष यछन्त्रकरणका एक््पो, िेछशनह셂बारे १. उच्च छशक्षा (कृ छषिा स्नात्तोकत्तर) अध्ययन, छिछभन्न देशका जानकारी, कोररयाको कृ छष अननसन्धान स्थल र भैराखेका अननसन्धानह셂, साथीह셂संगकौँ छचनजान । SMART farm, Hydroponics, Drone Technology, Tissue २. सहकारीताबाट कृ छषिा छिकास गनज सछकने र भ्यालन चेन पध्दछतबाट culture प्रछिछधह셂, छसंचाइका नया प्रछिछधह셂, जलबायन पररितजनका असर र कृ छषिा 셂पान्तरण 쥍याउन सछकने बारे, प्रभािह셂 बारे अध्ययन, कोररयािा कृ छषिा भएका आधछन नक जैछिक ३. स्िाटज फािज (कृ छष तथा पशपन न्िी पालन र बजारीकरण), छटस्यनक쥍चर, अननसन्धानह셂, बाली ब्यिस्थापन लगायतका छिषयह셂िा सैध्दाछन्तक र छग्रनहाउस, फािज िेछशनको प्रयोग र त्यसले उत्पादनिा 쥍याउने प्रभाि, प्रयोगात्िक अध्ययनह셂 भए । छिछभन्न स्थानह셂िा गइज स्थलगत अिलोकन कृ छषलाइ ज उधोगिा 셂पान्तरण र उधोगको 셂पिा हेररनन पने, सरकारको भ्रिण र छसकाइ ज भए। कोररयािा कृ छष क्षेत्रिा भएको सनधार र सिग्र छिकासिा सहयोग । साइिलन उन्दोंग (Saemuel Undog) को अध्ययन र राछष्ट्रय सहकारीकरणको ४. छसचाइ, आधछन नक प्रछिछधको उच्चति प्रयोग, ड्रोन प्रछिछध, छिकासिा भएको सनधारकायज बारे अध्ययन र त्यसले कृ छष क्षेत्रलाइ ज उधोगिा ५. शहरको छिकास र स्िस्ि र सफा शहर र बस्ती छनिाजण 셂पन्तरण, सिाजलाइज 셂पान्तरण, आछथजक क्राछन्त र छिकासिा पारेको प्रभाि ६. िीटो काि गने र सियको पालना, सानो ठूलो नभनी आफ्नो काि आफै गनज पिज भन्ने बानीको छिकास, काििा छनरन्तरता, बारे अध्ययन एिं स्थलगत अननगिन तथा छसकाइ ज भए । न ७. लेक्रोछनक प्रणालीको उच्चति उपयोग, सरकारी सेिा उच्च र जनताको छिश्वास सरकार प्रछत र सरकार जनता प्रछत, ८. आफ्नो देश आफै बनाउनन पिज भन्ने भािना र देश छिकास र सिछृ ध्द भयो भने सबै धनी र सनखको बाटो जानसक्ने, ९. कोररयाले अननसन्धानिा राज्यको ठूलो लगानी गरेको र नेपालले सिेत सो क्षेत्रिा लगानी बढाउनन पने । १०. सोनछसक, एन आर एन जस्ता संस्थाह셂को नेपाली र कोररयन तथा अन्य छिश्वसंग जोि्ने कायज भैराखेको। न्नचोड कोररया बसाइिज ा सबै साथी भाइहज 셂संगको सिन्िय, सोनछसकसंगको सिन्िय, कोररयनह셂को िाया, सदभाि र सम्िान, पढाइज प्रछतको आफ्नो छनरन्तरता र

भछिष्ट्यिा देशको छिकास गननजि भन्ने िनोभिनाले उत्साह र उिंगिा एक बषज यस अध्ययन छशलछशलािा राजधानी सोउल, अन्सोङ, नोन्सान, सन्जन, ग्यान्जन छिते। लाग्ि बांकी सिय पछन अझ दररलो र छसकाइपज ूणज हुनेि भन्ने आशासंगै शहरह셂 कृ छष छिकासिा सहकारीताको भछन िका छिषयक ताछलििा जाने छिछहनेत र पररश्रिले आफन ले गरेको कािलाइ ज िाया गरेिा सफलता अि्य अिसर छि쥍यो भने भसन ान, पोहाङ, छगम्जी, गन सान जस्ता शहरह셂 अध्ययनको छि쥍नेि र सिद्धृ राष्ट्र नेपाल बनाउन देश र परदेश सबैबाट लाग्नेिन र लागौं भन्ने छशलछशलािा र आफ्नै बलबनताले घम्न ने अिसर छि쥍यो । शहरको छिकास, शभन कािना छदन चाहन्िन । पूिाजधार छनिाजण, ढल, बाटोघाटो, कृ छष, िन, उधोगको अिस्था, सािाछजक यो लेख छनतान्त िेरो ब्यछिगत जीिन र आफले भोगका बारेिा लेखेको ि । तथा सांस्कृ छतक रहनसहन बारे जान्ने बनझ्ने अिसर छि쥍यो । यहाौँको खाने न न लेखन कायजिा के छह अशद्भता रहन गएको हुन सक्ि सो प्रछत क्षिा चाहान्ि । तररका, पररकार, बनाउने छिछध बारे घलन छिल भइयो । न न यस लेख यो सोनछसक प्रकाशनिा बाहके अन्यत्र प्रयोग नगरीदननहुन सिेत यसै बीच सन् २०१९ छचनबाट फै छलएको कोरोनाले छिश्वनै ह쥍लाइरज हके ो बेला अननरोध ि । सन् २०२० फे िअन री पछि कोररयालाइ ज पछन सतायो र त्यसको प्रभाि हािीिा र अध्ययनिा सिेत रह्यो । केछह अध्ययन स्थलह셂 जान र प्रयोगात्िक कायज गनज सिेत रोक लाग्यो । आफ्नो अननसन्धानलाइ ज सिेत ३ िछहना रोक्नन पयो । िाछनसह셂ले अत्याछधक छिकास र घना शहर छिकास गदाज यस्ता िाहािारीले छनकै चन ती छदंदा रहिे न् र कन शल ब्यिस्थानपन र असल नाछगरक भएिा सरकारले छदने सेिा सहज हुने र छजम्िेबार सरकार भएिा जनताले सहज सेिा र सनछिधा पाउौँदा रहिे न् भन्ने बारे जानकारी छि쥍यो । यसै गरी कोररयािा बस्दा कोररयिा रहेका प्रिासी नेपालीह셂 र छिधाथीह셂को हकछहतिा काि गदै आएको एन आर एन सिाज, सोनछसक कोररया लगायतका धरै संघ संस्थाह셂 P a g e | 27 August 2020

CoverDesign

Designed By: Bishal Bhandari Kangwoon University South Korea

P a g e | 28 August 2020

Designed By: Om Raj Sapkota Kwangwoon University S. Korea

P a g e | 29 August 2020

िा……… आजकल बा अछलअछल भ쥍न नन हन्ु ि गाउौँका गछ쥍ल िोिह셂 अनायासै िन쥍नन हन्ि अछन च ताराका छिलिा ससन ाउद ै ढ쥍नन हुन्ि आिाको न्याछस्रएकोअननहारछतर हदे ै आधा चन्रिाको उज्यालोिा आजकल बा छनकै कि बो쥍नन हन्ु ि बा छशर छनउराएर एक्लै बस्नहन ुन्ि यसो ि का पाउौँदा िनका कनरा खो쥍नन हुन्ि

आजकल बा आिाझ ै बन्न न हुन्ि आजकल बा न्यास्रो िानेझ ै गननजहुन्ि कसैलाई थाह ै नहुनगे रर िाया गननजहुन्ि स-साना कनराह셂 छन नजानेझै गनहनज ुन्ि नत्र जङ्गिहादरन झै जङ्छगने बा चट्याङ झ ै पिकने बा आजकल बा अछल अ쥍िछलए झै गननजहुन्ि फलाि झै रन्कने बा िनका कन न ै तलाउिा धछिछलए झै गननजहुन्ि। आगोझै दन्कने बा हुररझ ै लम्कने बा कन रै-कन रािा अनेकौं िसौँग बा’ल े स쥍लाह सोध्दा ढनंगाभन्दा छन बढी किा बा बो쥍दा बो쥍द ै िोिाइलिाट अनहन ार ि쥍न खोज्दा संसारिा सिैभन्दा बिा बा आिाको नाउौँिा गाौँउ घर आउने छिछत िाग्दा अछन अछतजभन्दा आदेश छदने बा बा`ले अछल उदास भई फोन राख्नै लाग्दा स्िगज सधै स्िदेशिैदेख्ने बा

घाि भन्दा छन िढी बलेका बा िान्िे सधै ठनलो हुन न आजकल िैनिछत झै गलेका देख्दा उछि चन्रिालाई िनन न किछकएझै आिाको हछसलो अननहारछतर हदे ै ढन蔼गाभन्दा छन किा बा पछहलो अक्षर लेख्न छसकाउने छसपाल न बा आजकल न छन झै पग्लेको देख्दा छजिन छजत्न गन्तव्यिा दिाउने इखाल न बा अछन यछत ठनलो संसार रचेका बा कछह쥍यै निराउन े अछत सरन ो बा थछकत त्यसरी बसेको देख्दा सब भार थेग्ने बछलयो चरन ो बा बा बन ढो हुन न भए को हो छक झै लाग्ि! संसार एक्लै हॉक्न े दहो बा छक बा'लाई च ै िोरो ठनलो भएि झै लाग्ि? जछत दखिा छन हॉस्ने खहो बा न चन्रिा ताक्दा धरातल भ쥍ू यो छक झै लाग्ि सिैछतर सिान पग्न न े तरल बा सहजै छजिन छजउने अछत सरल बा

P a g e | 30 August 2020

छािा

Pramod Bdr. K.C. Ph.D. Candidate, Pharmacy, Toxicology Daegu Catholic University, S. Korea छकनार बन्न सकौं, कननै बाौँध बन्न हनै

सहारा बन्न सकौं, क्षछणक उन्िाद बन्न हैन यी नङ कसैका, नयन बन्न सक्िन भने चढ्न सछकन भन,े खिन ्छकला बन्न सकौँू यो छसरानी कसैको, चयन बन्न सक्िन भने हौंसला बन्न सकौँू , िेक्ने पहाि बन्न हनै ि छकन पछि हटूं? अछघ बढ्न बाट

यछद एक अछनन्र लाखको, सयन बन्न सक्िन भने स्थल रहन परेपछन, च तारा बनेर

खसे पछन खस ला, तर तारा बनेर जलेपछन जािोको, अगेना बनेर 셁झेपछन 셁झौंला, तर िाता बनेर िस्न कन राउौँ त अश्रकन ो, प्रछतिा बनेर च्याछतयनी च्याछतउंला, तर गाता बनेर 셁झेपछन 셁झौंला, तर िाता बनेर

च्याछतयनी च्याछतउंला, तर गाता बनेर खाछल भए क्यानभास, रंग हुन न ि

भोछलको इछतहासको ढगं बनन्नन ि घाउ छनको हनु खोज्ि, जछत गछहरो भएपछन एउटा अछिट स्ि셂प बनाउनका छनछम्त एकछदन थाछिनेि बाटोिा, जछत पछहरो भएपछन आजका यी दागह셁 छिलरे धन न ि चाहना ि त बाटो ि, इच्िा ि त उपाय

घािल े उजेलो िदिज , जछत कन छहरो भएपछन अछन्ति स्िाश िोिनला, तर सिन ाष बनेर

छबल ला तर कसैको, सहाश बनेर लिे पछन ल蔼 ला, तर बाटो बनेर 셁झेपछन 셁झौंला, तर िाता बनेर गलेपछन िछललो, िाटो बनेर च्याछतयनी च्याछतउंला, तर गाता बनेर 셁झेपछन 셁झौंला, तर िाता बनेर च्याछतयनी च्याछतउंला, तर गाता बनेर

P a g e | 31 August 2020

नौलो पररवेि र ि देि परदेि

Barsha Lamichhane Dr. Prakash Raj Pandeya Kwangwoon University Wonkwang University S. Korea

S. Korea Poetry/Ghajals/Songs

न्चसो शहरछभत्र उछम्लदै गरेको िनोभािना, ठे쥍द ै झे쥍द ै पगन ेौँि कसरर यो, पराईको दशे िा उज्यालोपन छभत्र लकन े को अन्धकार, िन िछस्तष्ट्क िनछलरहन्ि िरे ै, गाउौँकै पररिेशिा छभिभािका बीच झछन ण्िएको एक्लोपन, उज्ज्िल भछिष्ट्यको लाछग संघषजरत जीिन ।। आकाशै पछन छबरानो लाग्दि यहाौँ, कस्तो छिरछि िन ि, िरे ो, िरे ा सबै गाउौँि ै हुदौँ ा, भारी भयो जीिन आफ्ना र आफन्त भछन छचछनएकाह셁बाट टाढा कतै, उज्याला िन यहाौँ सिकह셂, छबद्यतन का बत्तील े बछनएका नयाौँ आफन्त अन्जानह셁 बाटै, िेरो गोरेटो छझलछिलाउद ै होला, जन छकरीका ज्योछतल े घरबाट टाढा िनाइने चािबाि, आफ्ना जाछत, नेपालीह셁को साथ । िरर छहिेको ि अत्तर शहरले, नानाथरर बसाऊने भ쥍न न नसछकने आफ्नो भछू ि, आफ्नो प्रकृछत, िाटोकै सगन न्ध पणन ज छथयो गाउौँिा, दय हसाउन े नयाौँ िहृ त पररिारबीच जोगाइएको संस्कृछत । रिाफिै 셁ि쥍लीएको ि शहर यो, प्रगछतको नाउौँिा छबरािी हुदौँ ा बनबाआिा टाढा, टाढा घरबारा, जीिनको अथज बाौँछिरहके ो ि, प्रकृतील े गाउौँिा ढनंगा खोज्दा दउे ता छिलेझैं साथ छदने छित्रता र भाइचारा ।। अनेक छिकास गररस ् शहरले, दखे ािटी िात्रको छभन्न-छभन्न किजथलो, छभन्न छिश्वछिद्यालय, अन्जान शहर, खशन ीको पररभाषा बोके को छथयो, पररिेशले गाउौँको घर भलन ाउन े साथीह셁, साथीह셁संग छिताएका प्रहर । यो छभिको कोकोहोलो सछहकन, बाच्नै सछकन्न छक ल घर िाि्दाको पीिादछे ख ग्राजएन सनको हष,ज झरनाको झरझर चररको छचरछबर, पाउौँ कहाौँ सन्न न ल जीिनका सन ला पल, यी के छह िष ज । कालो बादलिा चाौँदीको घेराझैं, गिन िछनङज ’का शब्द लयह셁ले, उिङ्ग के छदन््यो छन टाढा छक्षछतजिा सफलता खोज्दै, सन ला छहिालले स्िागत छददौँ ा, कस्तो होला छबहानी च쥍ने आप्रिासी छिद्याथीको संघषज ।। भारी भयो परदेशी छजन्दगी यो, िनटकारा पाउदिै न ि आफ्नै दशे भेष अछन पररिेशिा, रम्नलाई आउदिै न ि

P a g e | 32 August 2020

कोरोना पन्छको सिाज फेने आिािा रहें िालापन

Sundar Baruwal Chhetri Shalikram Gautam. Ph.D. Candidate, Agriculture S. Korea Kyungpook Nat. Univ, S. Korea

न्वश्व खाौँदैि कोरोनाले छतिी सन्चै रहे, िालापनको कथा, दखन भन्न े के 'था सानो फन च्चले ाइ ज सरन छक्षत बनाउौँद ै रह े । तर पछन हन्ु थे धेरै आफ्नो आफ्नो व्यथा । छतिी टाढा ि टाढा सम्झना िात्रैरहे, के ही भन्न गन ज सछक्दन ि आफन्तसगं ै रह।े चोर पछन लस खेछलन््यो, ढनङगो सन ् पात पैसा कछत द:न ख दीदो होला िोरा बाबा भन्दै, कैले चोर बनी भाग््यौँ, कैले टोली नेता ।। कछत आौँश न झाछदहज नु आिा िोरा िरे ो भन्द।ै छिह े ग्यस ौँबालसाखा, िाटो छसन्दरन िनाई हािी यहाौँ आरािै छतिी त्यहाौँ आरािै रहे कालोिसो जङन ्गा लगाई के छट बन्थ े के टा।।।

छिश्विा 쥍याएको द:न खल े छतिी टाढा रहे । भतन भन्न े शब्द, सन्न द ै सातो पत्न लो उि् यो भन्न नसक्ने भाको िन संसारलाइ ज 셂िाको बेला, भछबष्ट्यले छजउनिनज छदौँदो रैन्ि यता।।।। गाउौँ फछकज छिकासको स्िाद छलने आशाको बेला ।

कृछष पयटज न उधोगलाइ ज 셂पान्तरण गने िन ि एकपटक खसन ीसाथ छजउन िन ि िलाइ सेिा र उत्पादन गरी संसारलाइ ज दखे ाउन िन ि । छि쥍ि भने फछकजएर जान िन ि त्यता।

िीिेकीलाइ ज बाौँिी खाइ सखन द:न ख साटी रहे,

द:न खी गररब घर पररिारिा सेिािा रहे। खशन ी सखन ी हनु न अछन खेछतपातीि ै रह,े छिकास र सिछृ द्धको आशा त्यसैिा ि ह ै । अत्यायसिै बाचौँ ी रहिे न कछहले होला भेट, आउने िछं शरिा बनाएको िन जान े ि सेट । छतिी छबनाको यो भािना कोरोनािा कहें, कोरोना पछिको सिाज फेने आशािा रहें ।

Designed By: Ph.D.Scholar Kumar Shrestha Kwangwoon University S. Korea P a g e | 33 August 2020

ि र िन एकलकाटे

Om Raj Sapkota Kwangwoon University Dharma Raj Gautam S. Korea S. Korea

जसरर आिाले दख्े न न हुन्ि तेसरी त देख्न नसकन म्ला उ सधै आफनलाई िात्र योग्य अछन लायक ठान्यो

जसरर यन्त्रले छदन्ि सछन बधा तेसरी छदन पछन नसकन म्ला उस्कालाछग अ셁 सब ै तनच्ि अछन सहायक ठान्यो ।।

ि एउटा ख쥍न ला छकताब हो, पढ्न सक्ि होला

िटन नको धिकन बढ्दा छतछिले सन्न ि होला!!! अ셁 भन्दा सधै आफन जान्ने सन्न ने िन भन्ने गिज अ셁 सबै रैती आफन लाई िात्र बररस्ठ नायक ठान्यो ।। सियको िाग धेरै रह्यो, घिीलाई रोक्न सछकन संसारलाई दखे ाउिन भन्दा आफैलाई छचन्न सछकन उसका गछ쥍त खोट के छह औलं ाईछदनन हुदनै छथयो आिा, छतम्रो ठाउौँिा आउन त कोछह सक्दैन उसका छिठो प्रसंसक िात्र लाभदायक ठान्यो ।।

तर छतछि झैौँ अको बनाउन पछि चाही पछदजन!!!

खबन ी त औधी के हीिा पछन िैन, दछे ख्दन कत ै ि

फलाि र चम्न िक सोचेको िन, छबजलन ीको झि्का न लागोस छबनासरन हुदापछन आफनलाई नै गायक ठान्यो ।। छतम्रो सपनािा आगो नलागोस, िेरो िटन निा िेद नपरोस संसारको छगछद्ध नजर नपरोस, छसंहझै ौँराज गनज छिलोस छहजोआज उ सिाज िा एकलकाटे हुद ै गएको ि छिदेशी भछििा खाएको नन, नेपाल सम्ि लागोस!!! न न छकनछक, सधैं स्िाथज आफ्नो िात्र पायक ठान्यो ।।

कोररया: अनुभि Om Raj Sapkota

दाज चको घाि दछे खय पछन ताप सस्तै लाग्ि हे न ख쥍न ला सिक, सफा शहर चनै को लाग्ि छजन्दगी

नया भएर होला कोररयािा सबै उस्तै लाग्ि।। सानो गछ쥍त िा पछन जारीिाना प्रसस्तै लाग्ि।।

ि सि संगै प्रछबछधको व्यिस्थापन कछत राम्रो छबरानो दशे िा उता िायालाई असाद्यै सम्झन्िन बाछहर छचसो अछन छभत्र तातो अहो िस्तै लाग्ि।। त्यसैले त आकास हिे नज जन र िाया द셁न स्तै लाग्ि।। थोरै सािान छकन्न जान्िन ि쥍न य सन्न दा तछसजन्िन

तैपछन थोरै भन्दा धेरै िात्रा छिलाउदा सस्तै लाग्ि ।।

P a g e | 34 August 2020

गजल

1 3 जसले क्षजन्दागीलाई िहि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ कसैको क्षजिमा कसैको हािमा सक्षकयो

अक्सि उसैले खास प्रहि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ कसैको क्षसङ्गो क्षजन्दगी दोधािमा सक्षकयो

प्रायजसो भक्षवष्यले उसैलाई क्षबक्षसतक्षदनेगछत त्यही मान्छेह셁 कानुन बनाउाँदछै न् आज इक्षिहााँसलाई जसले अमि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ जसको आधा उमेि कािागािमा सक्षकयो

ज쥍ने ठाउाँ क्षन पाउाँदैन त्यही मान्छेले मदात पत्रकािसाँगको क्षहसाब क्षमलाएछन ् सायद बााँ楍दा जसले िहि सन्ु दि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ भ्रचािको खबि अब अखबािमा सक्षकयो

उसकै छानो चहु ीने छ घि छ भक्षत्कएको दिे बनाउने नभएक्षन भत्काउन े छन् धेिै हिक्षदन जसले अ셁को घि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ मजदिु को जीवन ममित संहािमा सक्षकयो

खेिबािी उसैको सक्ु खा छ अक्षन बाझाँ ो छ सानालाई ऐन ठुलालाई चनै त्यस्ि ै िहछे

जो िािक्षदन पानीको नहि बनाउाँद ै क्षहडाँ ्छ हाम्रो जनु ी हजिु को अत्याचािमा सक्षकयो

Subash Chandra Bhandari 4 2 Sindhupalchowk, Nepal आ क्षखिमा क्रोधको आगो बा쥍यो उसले पक्षन गिेाँ क्षबदा उनलाई पत्र्थि िाखेि क्षदलमा उनकै मायााँ अजि अमि िाखेि क्षदलमा धैयतिाको एउटा बााँधलाई ढा쥍यो उसले पक्षन

बााँचेको छु मि अझै हााँस्न े कोसीस गद ै समाजले नै यही क्षसकायो के गिोस ् ि अव जस्िो समाज उस्िै चाल चा쥍यो उसले पक्षन उनीप्रक्षि मेिो उ楍च कदि िाखेि क्षदलमा

मािेको छु हजाि िहि यो जनु ीभिी लाई उसका बाले हजिु बालाई बृ ाश्रममा छोडे बा -आमालाई घिबाट क्षनका쥍यो उसले पक्षन अको जनु ी भेट हुन े िहि िाखिे क्षदलमा

भलेको छ िमाम मलै े द:खका पलह셁 स ोझो धन्दा चकनाचिु भो डुब्यो लगानी न ै ु ु ु द िे ै छोड्यो सक्षटतक्षर्के ट र्ा쥍यो उसले पक्षन उनीसाँग क्षबिाएका प्रहि िाखेि क्षदलमा

म टु ुमार्थी ढुङ्गा िाखी पिदिे को माटोमा बदि गिे ाँसबै माया ाँ गछुत भन्न े प्रस्िाव एउटा यात्रा आजैदेखी र्था쥍यो उसले पक्षन उनकै मात्रै प्रस्िाव सदि िाखेि क्षदलमा

P a g e | 35 August 2020

th SONSIK Activities (16 Executive Committee)

SONSIK Orientation and Interaction Program (Region - 3)

SONSIK Orientation and Interaction Program (Region - 4)

SONSIK Orientation and Interaction Program (Pai-Chai University)

P a g e | 36 August 2020

SONSIK Interaction programs

Interaction program with Embassy of Nepal, NTB , and NRNA S. Korea representatives

Interaction with SONSIK advisor Dr. Jeon-sung Hyung and UCC chairman Mukul Basu

Interaction with Er. Buddhi Raj Joshi and Er. Arjun Gautam P a g e | 37 August 2020

SONSIK Interaction programs

SONSIK with Dr. Hari Prasad Dahal

SONSIK with Nepalese student learning Korean language

SONSIK with seniors and expertise

P a g e | 38 August 2020

Dashai, Tihar and SONSIK tour

SONSIK’s Dashain dhamaka and 15th EC farewell Program

SONSIK tour in GIST, Gwangju

Deusi-bhailo program , Embassy of Nepal , Seoul S. Korea

P a g e | 39 August 2020

Cultural performance by SONSIK

The 11th Together Day, DIC

SONSIk Cultural performances

P a g e | 40 August 2020

Cultural performance by SONSIK

SONSIKs cultural dress presentation

SONSIKs musical performance

SONSIKs dance performance

P a g e | 41 August 2020

धन्यिाद!! Thank You So Much!! 감사합니다!!

P a g e | 42 August 2020

P a g e | 43 August 2020

P a g e | 44 August 2020