DOCSLIB.ORG

Volume 7 Issue 2 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Volume 7 Issue 2 2015 VOLUME 7 ISSUE 2 2015 ISSN: 2036-5438 VOL. 7, ISSUE 2, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL A New Start for Perspectives on Federalism GIUSEPPE MARTINICO AND ROBERTO CASTALDI I-V ESSAYS Patenting in Europe: The Jurisdiction of De Gaulle, the “Empty Chair Crisis” and the CJEU over European Patent Law the European Movement MARI MINN E- 1-28 PAOLO CARAFFINI E-163-189 Belgian Federalism after the Sixth State Reform JURGEN GOOSSENS AND PIETER CANNOOT E- 29-55 An Internationally Intelligible Principle: Comparing the Nondelegation Doctrine in the United States and European Union EDWARD GRODIN E- 56-84 Ne bis in idem: a separation of acts in transnational cases MÁRK NÉMEDI E-85-115 International Dictatorship or International Democracy. A Discussion of Albert Camus’ 1946 Considerations TOMMASO VISONE E-116-132 Article 260 TFEU Sanctions in Multi- Tiered Member States WERNER VANDENBRUWAENE, PATRICIA POPELIER AND CHRISTINA JANSSENS E-133-162 ISSN: 2036-5438 A New Start for Perspectives on Federalism by Giuseppe Martinico and Roberto Castaldi Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 7, issue 2, 2015 Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - I Abstract Perspectives on Federalism is closing its seventh year and its issue 2/2015 confirms the interdisciplinary nature of this intellectual enterprise. This issue is a very rich one, as it includes legal, historical and philosophical contributions. In spite of the evident diversities of these articles, we can identify three main connecting themes: latest developments in EU law, history of thought and European integration, and constitutional developments in national and supranational contexts. Key-words EU law, history of European integration, constitutional developments, interdisciplinarity Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - II Perspectives on Federalism is closing its seventh year and its issue 2/2015 confirms the interdisciplinary nature of this intellectual enterprise. Over the years, our Journal has grown quickly, thanks to the dedication and commitment of our previous Editor in Chief, Umberto Morelli, and to the steady support of the Centro Studi sul Federalismo and the Compagnia di San Paolo. We have published a number of relevant contributions and hosted some very rich special issues, entrusted to established or young scholars in Federal Studies, who have served as guest editors (see, for instance, the special issues edited by Søren Dosenrode - Vol. 2, issue 3, 2010- and that by Paulus Blokker and Werner Reutter, Vol. 7 issue 1, 2015, among others). We have also published the proceedings of two international symposia of the IACL (International Association of Constitutional Law) working group on “subnational- constitutions-in-federal-quasi-federal-constitutional-states” (respectively, Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2012 and Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2014). The Editors in chief of the Journal are also happy to announce a very important achievement: we have finally remedied its backlog and recently signed an important agreement with de Gruyter. This marks the beginning of a new important season for Perspectives on Federalism and we are very proud of this. To celebrate this important event we have wrapped a very rich issue including legal, historical and philosophical contributions. In spite of the evident diversities of these articles, we can identify three main connecting themes: Latest Developments in EU law History of Thought and European Integration Constitutional Developments in national and supranational contexts. Concerning the first block of contributions, in her article Mari Minn dealt with the issue of supranational competence over patent law, looking at the TRIPS Agreement and at the decision of the CJEU in the Daiichi Sankyo case (CJEU case C-414/11 Daiichi Sankyo v DEMO Anonimos). Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - III Márk Némedi instead explored the problematic case-law of the European Court of Justice on the ne bis in idem principle (also in light of the recent developments after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty) and its implications on mutual trust. In their essay Werner Vandenbruwaene, Patricia Popelier and Christine Janssens dealt with Art. 260 TFEU, especially looking at how to mitigate federal concerns in the context of infringement procedures and financial sanctions within the mechanism governed by this provision. Concerning the second block, in his article Tommaso Visone explored Albert Camus’ thought in his series of essays “Neither Victims Nor Executioners” (1946), where Camus stressed the importance of fighting for a new democratic world order against the condition of international dictatorship immanent in the XX century interdependent world. In his work, Paolo Caraffini instead looked at the European Movement International (EM) stance in defense of the Community institutions established under the Treaties of Paris and Rome during the so-called “empty chair crisis”, seen as a fundamental turning point in the history of European integration. Concerning the third block Jurgen Goossens and Pieter Cannoot offered an interesting account of the most important institutional evolutions of Belgian federalism between 2012 and 2014. The Authors argue that in spite of its importance the sixth state reform does not exclude the possibility of further evolutions, on the contrary further developments are to be expected. Edward Grodin wrote a comparative essay on the degree of convergence between the United States and the European Union regarding the structural role of administrative agencies and the so called “non- delegation doctrine”. As always, we would like to thank our readers for their support and recall that Perspectives on Federalism is open to other special issues. We also invite colleagues and scholars interested in that to submit new proposals. The Editors in Chief with the other members of the Scientific Board and Editorial Committee will evaluate the project as soon as possible. The peer review mechanism will be centralized in order to guarantee- as always- the quality of the articles. This is a tentative list of topics of interest to the Journal: Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - IV Fundamental Rights Protection in the EU (especially after Opinion 2/13 of the Court of Justice of the EU and in light of the worrying situation in Hungary and elsewhere). National Borders and EU migration policies. Secession in Europe: What Role for the EU? The EU in a Comparative Perspective: Comparing the EU with other Supranational Organizations. This is not an exhaustive list, other topics can be proposed and we will be very happy to consider them for publication. Last but not least, we would like to announce that the next issue (3/2015) of our Journal will be devoted to Solidarity in Hard Times and will include some of the papers presented in an international conference held in Madrid on 11 - 12 - June – 2015. The Editors Giuseppe Martinico is Associate Professor of Comparative Public Law at Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa and STALS Editor (www.stals.sssup.it). Roberto Castaldi is Associate Professor of Political Philosophy at eCampus University and Research Director of CesUE (www.cesue.eu). Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - V ISSN: 2036-5438 Patenting in Europe: The Jurisdiction of the CJEU over European Patent Law by Mari Minn Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 7, issue 2, 2015 Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - 1 Abstract This paper will deal with EU competence over patent law, especially in the context of the TRIPS Agreement with reference to the ruling of CJEU in the Daiichi Sankyo case (CJEU case C-414/11 Daiichi Sankyo v DEMO Anonimos). The first part will explain the process of claiming patents at the national as well as the European level in order to understand the complexity of patent law, the second part will deal with the implications of jurisdiction and developments in EU patent regulations, the third part will deal with the effects of EU competence over the TRIPS patent provisions and the forth part will deal with the interpretation of substantive patent law in the light of the Daiichi Sankyo case. Key-words Substantive patent law, EU competence, TRIPS Agreement Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E - 2 1. Patenting inventions in the EU – national and European approaches The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights are crucial for Europe´s ability to stimulate innovation and compete in the global economy; intellectual property rights are key means through which companies and inventors generate returns on their investment in knowledge, innovation and creativity. A recent study has estimated that IPR- intensive sectors account for around 39% of the EU´s GDP (EPO Industry Level Analysis Report: 2013) while 90% of the EU´s trade with the rest of the world is related to European intellectual property intensive industries. Knowledge-based industries play a core role in the 'Global Europe' (COM (2006) 567 final) and ‘Europe 2020’ (Horizon 2020) strategies. The European Charter of Fundamental Rights states that intellectual property shall be protected, meaning that the EU therefore recognizes its responsibility for protecting the IP rights of its citizens (Art. 17(2) Charter of Fundamental Rights). The protection of IP rights in the context of the establishment and functioning of the internal market is also envisioned in article 118 of the TFEU. Furthermore, article 207 (1) of the TFEU states that the common commercial policy of the EU is based on uniform principles including, among others, the commercial aspects of intellectual property rights.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 WITTEVEEN, Hendrikus Johannes (Known As Johan Or Johannes), Dutch Politician and Fifth Managing Director of the International
    1 WITTEVEEN, Hendrikus Johannes (known as Johan or Johannes), Dutch politician and fifth Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) 1973-1978, was born 12 June 1921 in Den Dolder and passed away 23 April 2019 in Wassenaar, the Netherlands. He was the son of Willem Gerrit Witteveen, civil engineer and Rotterdam city planner, and Anna Maria Wibaut, leader of a local Sufi centre. On 3 March 1949 he married Liesbeth Ratan de Vries Feijens, piano teacher, with whom he had one daughter and three sons. Source: www.imf.org/external/np/exr/chron/mds.asp Witteveen spent most of his youth in Rotterdam, where his father worked as director of the new office for city planning. His mother was the daughter of a prominent Social-Democrat couple, Floor Wibaut and Mathilde Wibaut-Berdenis van Berlekom, but politically Witteveen’s parents were Liberal. His mother was actively involved in the Dutch Sufi movement, inspired by Inayat Khan, the teacher of Universal Sufism. Sufism emphasizes establishing harmonious human relations through its focus on themes such as love, harmony and beauty. Witteveen felt attracted to Sufism, which helped him to become a more balanced young person. At the age of 18 the leader of the Rotterdam Sufi Centre formally initiated him, which led to his lifelong commitment to, and study of, the Sufi message. After attending public grammar school, the Gymnasium Erasmianum, Witteveen studied economics at the Netherlands School of Economics between 1939 and 1946. The aerial bombardment of Rotterdam by the German air force in May 1940 destroyed the city centre and marked the beginning of the occupation of the Netherlands by Nazi Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy of Minority Governments
    Indiana Journal of Constitutional Design Volume 3 Article 1 10-17-2018 Taxonomy of Minority Governments Lisa La Fornara [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijcd Part of the Administrative Law Commons, American Politics Commons, Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, Comparative Politics Commons, Constitutional Law Commons, International Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Legislation Commons, Public Law and Legal Theory Commons, Rule of Law Commons, and the State and Local Government Law Commons Recommended Citation La Fornara, Lisa (2018) "Taxonomy of Minority Governments," Indiana Journal of Constitutional Design: Vol. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijcd/vol3/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Indiana Journal of Constitutional Design by an authorized editor of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Taxonomy of Minority Governments LISA LA FORNARA INTRODUCTION A minority government in its most basic form is a government in which the party holding the most parliamentary seats still has fewer than half the seats in parliament and therefore cannot pass legislation or advance policy without support from unaffiliated parties.1 Because seats in minority parliaments are more evenly distributed amongst multiple parties, opposition parties have greater opportunity to block legislation. A minority government must therefore negotiate with external parties and adjust its policies to garner the majority of votes required to advance its initiatives.2 This paper serves as a taxonomy of minority governments in recent history and proceeds in three parts.
    [Show full text]
  • Programma Politieke Biografie, 10 Dec 2018
    De Dag van de Politieke Biografie Amsterdam, 10 december 2018 De afgelopen vijftien jaar zagen veel wetenschappelijke politieke biografieën het licht. De publicatie van Thorbecke wil het van Remieg Aerts, gekozen tot het beste politieke boek in 2018, vormde de directe aanleiding om de balans op te maken en een symposium te organiseren over de vraag welke bijdrage deze biografieën leveren aan de vernieuwing van de politieke geschiedenis. Tijdens deze werk- en discussiebijeenkomst buigen we ons over de vraag wat kennis over het persoonlijke toevoegt aan ons denken over het politieke. Methodische problemen komen aan bod, nieuwe vormen van biografisch schrijven evenals de vraag hoe om te gaan met een hoofdpersoon die nog in leven is. En vormen premiersbiografieën een genre apart? De bijeenkomst is met name bedoeld voor politiek biografen, promovendi, studenten en andere belangstellenden. Programma 10.00 Inloop (Rembrandtzaal) 10.30 Opening door Ido de Haan (voorzitter) (Groene Zaal) 10.35 Remieg Aerts: Inleiding: biografie en politieke geschiedenis. 11.05 Henk te Velde: De betekenis van de biografie voor de politieke geschiedschrijving. 11.35 Margit van der Steen: Op zoek naar het persoonlijke. De betekenis van het privé leven voor kennis van het politieke. 12.05 Els Kloek: Nieuwe vormen van biografisch publiceren. 12.35 Lunch (Fellow’s room) 13.30 – 14.30 : twee parallelsessies A Premiersbiografieën, een genre apart? (Groene Zaal) Voorzitter: Ido de Haan Sprekers: - Jonne Harmsma (biograaf Jelle Zijlstra - Jeroen Koch (Biograaf Abraham Kuyper) - Johan van Merrienboer (Biograaf Dries Van Agt en Piet de Jong) - Paul van der Steen (Biograaf Jo Cals) B Bestuurders, politieke cultuur en informele macht (Rembrandt zaal) Voorzitter: Remieg Aerts Sprekers: - Meindert Fennema (biograaf topambtenaar Hans Hirschfeld) - Chris Hietland (biograaf bestuurder André van der Louw - Alies Pegtel (biograaf Neelie Kroes) 14.30-15.00 Thee / koffiepauze 15.00 – 16.00 : twee parallelsessie C Methode, vorm en accent: over de vernieuwing van de biografie.
    [Show full text]
  • Taming the Beast: the Long and Hard
    Journal of Markets & Morality Volume 14, Number 2 (Fall 2011): 419–444 Copyright © 2011 Taming the Beast: The Long and Hard Road to the Rolf van der Woude Christian Social Senior Researcher at the Conference Historical Documentation Centre * for Dutch Protestantism of 1952 VU University Amsterdam During the second half of the nineteenth century, the Netherlands was confronted with the social and political integration of the working and middle classes. The contribution of Protestantism to the solution has been heavily debated. An ongoing question has been how the over-weaned, conservative, Christian social thought that always rejected a large government role in society had, after World War II, so quickly moved to support expanding the welfare state. New investigation shows that the answer is found by supplementing the existing portrait at two points. First, alongside the Kuyperian movement there already existed a social tradition far less identifiable that was rooted in the Dutch Reformed Church. Although much less visible in the social debate, it nonetheless exerted significant influence on the settlement of the social question. Second, before World War II, a decisive reversal had occurred in the acceptance of a welfare state by younger people from both traditions so that the tipping point came before 1940. The Beast from the Abyss The final week of May 1947 was sunny and warm, ideal weather for spending a couple of days at the rural conference center of Birkhoven, where the Dutch Christian Farmers and Growers Association (CBTB) had organized a two-day conference. The Netherlands had been liberated two years earlier, and traces of the five-year German occupation were still visible everywhere.
    [Show full text]
  • Neoliberalisme En Het Nieuwe Marktdenken Van Nederlandse Economen (1945-1952)
    Sociologie 15(3): 253 - 270 © De auteur(s) 2019 © CC BY NC ND 4.0 https://doi.org/10.5117/soc2019.3.002.harm Onderzoeksartikel Voorbij de oude ballast: neoliberalisme en het nieuwe marktdenken van Nederlandse economen (1945-1952) Jonne Harmsma Abstract Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen [email protected] fter the Second World War, Dutch economists A became protagonists of party-political and ideological change. Representing this generation Keywords: neoliberalisme, economische was Jelle Zijlstra (1918-2001), a Rotterdam graduate denken, partijpolitiek, ordeningsdebat, who became professor in 1948 and was appointed economen, ARP Minister of Economic Affairs in 1952. Together with fellow students like later managing director of the IMF Johan Witteveen, Zijlstra articulated a new pro-market consensus in economic thinking, influenced both by domestic and international developments. Grounded in modern thinking and expertise, Dutch economists started playing an important role in the post-war debate on economic order and policymaking. They made their stand jointly by appealing to Parliament in 1949 and 1951, while individually Zijlstra collided repeatedly with the old guard of the Anti-Revolutionary Party, whose socio-economic views he called ‘obsolete and outdated’. Conversely, conservatives labelled their advocacy of state intervention in economic life ‘socialist’, but on closer inspection the new consensus should be characterized as neoliberal. Dutch economists hailed consumer interests, deeming intervention necessary for free enterprise with the state promoting freedom and protecting ‘workable competition’. Meanwhile, Zijlstra used Hayek’s Road to Serfdom to determine whether policy measures exceeded ‘critical values’, endangering economic and political freedom. As such, neoliberalism surfaced in Dutch economic thinking and possibly policymaking as well.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Jelle Zal Wel Zien Harmsma, Jonne
    University of Groningen Jelle zal wel zien Harmsma, Jonne DOI: 10.33612/diss.67125602 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2018 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Harmsma, J. (2018). Jelle zal wel zien: Jelle Zijlstra, een eigenzinnig leven tussen politiek en economie. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.67125602 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 26-09-2021 Jelle zal wel zien Jelle zal wel zien_150x230_proefschrift.indd 1 31-10-18 17:41 Jelle zal wel zien_150x230_proefschrift.indd 2 31-10-18 17:41 Jelle zal wel zien Jelle Zijlstra, een eigenzinnig leven tussen politiek en economie Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen op gezag van de rector magnif cus prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Drees, Minister-President 1948-1958 Drees, Minister-President 1948-1958
    Drees, minister-president 1948-1958 Drees, minister-president 1948-1958 Jan Willem Brouwer en Peter van der Heiden (red.) Centrum voor Parlementaire Geschiedenis, Nijmegen Sdu Uitgevers, Den Haag Foto omslag: Drees op National Airport bi] vertrek uit Washington, januari 1952. (Bron: Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis, Amsterdam) Vormgeving omslag: Villa Y, Den Haag Zetwerk: Holland Graphics, Amsterdam Druk en afwerking: Giethoorn ten Brink, Meppel Meer informatie over deze en andere uitgaven kunt u verkrijgen bij: Sdu Klantenservice Postbus 20014 2500 EA Den Haag tel.: (070) 378 98 80 fax: (070) 378 97 83 © De auteurs, 2005 Alle rechten voorbehouden. Alle auteursrechten en databankrechten ten aanzien van deze uitgave worden uitdrukkelijk voorbehouden. Deze rechten berusten bij de auteurs. Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet 1912 gestelde uitzonderingen, mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand of openbaar gemaakt in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elek­ tronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. Voorzover het maken van reprografische verveelvoudigingen uit deze uitgave is toe­ gestaan op grond van artikel 16 h Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wetlelijk verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (postbus 3060, 2130 KB Hoofddorp, www.reprorecht.nl). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Au­ teurswet 1912) dient men zich te wenden lot de Stichting p ro (Stichting Publicatie- en Reproductierechten Organisatie, postbus 3060, 2130 KB Hoofddorp, www.cedar.nl/ pro). Voor het overnemen van een gedeelte van deze uitgave ten behoeve van com­ merciële doeleinden dient men zich te wenden toL de uitgever.
    [Show full text]
  • Den Uyl, Lay-Out
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Joop den Uyl 1919-1987 : dromer en doordouwer Bleich, A. Publication date 2008 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Bleich, A. (2008). Joop den Uyl 1919-1987 : dromer en doordouwer. Uitgeverij Balans. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:02 Oct 2021 Den Uyl-revisie 18-01-2008 10:08 Pagina 373 Hoofdstuk 15 Geen tweede kabinet-Den Uyl Was de val van het kabinet-Den Uyl slechts een incident? Of was het een teken dat in de moeizame relatie tussen socialisten en christen-demo- craten iets kapot was gegaan? Tijd om uitvoerig stil te staan bij de oor- zaken van de botsingen die steeds frequenter en heftiger in en rond het kabinet hadden plaatsgevonden, was er niet.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Reactions in the Member States of the European Communities
    Political reactions in the Member States of the European Communities Source: DANESCU, Elena Rodica. ‘Political reactions in the Member States of the European Communities’, in A rereading of the Werner Report of 8 October 1970 in the light of the Pierre Werner family archives. Sanem: CVCE, 2012. Available at: www.cvce.eu. Copyright: (c) CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/political_reactions_in_the_member_states_of_the_europea n_communities-en-bd401348-9390-4816-8fa0-ad3b2ca5d476.html Last updated: 07/07/2016 1/24 Political reactions in the Member States of the European Communities 1 The Werner Report was officially submitted to the Council and the Commission of the EC on 15 October 1970 before being published on 16 October 1970. Political reactions soon started to come in from the Member States, spearheaded by the media. 2 Over and above the objective information they gave, they reported on the attitudes their respective countries had taken towards the establishment of economic and monetary union by stages, before even their governments had had a chance to state their positions officially. The only ones to react on the actual day the report was published were the Dutch Finance Minister, Johannes Witteveen, and the Vice-President of the Commission, Raymond Barre. 3 On 20 October 1970, the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs, Karl Schiller, gave a press conference to explain the content of the plan by stages.
    [Show full text]
  • European Investment Bank
    ..... EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK ANNUAL REPORT 1967 EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK For its accounts and balance sheet the European Investment Bank uses the unit of account as defined in Article 4 § 1 of its Statute. The value of this unit of account is 0.88867088 gramme of fine gold. In this report, conversions into units of account are made at the following par values : 50 Belgian francs 4.00 Deutsche Mark 4.93706 French francs 625 Italian lire 50 Luxembourg francs 1 unit of account (u.a.) 3.62 Netherlands guilders 1 United States dollar 4.37282 Swiss francs 30.00 Greek drachmae 9.00 Turkish pounds. 2 EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK ANNUAL REPORT 1967 ; ,• I /. I '-'"':;. ... '{j£J ~ BOARD OF GOVERNORS Chairman: PIERRE WERNER (Luxembourg) Belgium: RoBERT HENRION, Minister of Finance, Brussels; Germany: FRANz-JosEF STRAUS, Minister of Finance, Bonn; France: MICHEL DEBRE, Minister of Economy and Finance, Paris; Italy : EMILIO COLOMBO, Minister of the Treasury, Rome; Chairman until 5th June, 1967; Luxembourg : PIERRE WERNER, Minister of State, President of the Government, Minister of the Treasury, Luxembourg; Netherlands : HENDRIKUS JOHANNES WITTEVEEN (1 ), Minister of Finance, The Hague. (1) JELLE ZIJLSTRA, until 5th April, 1967. 5 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman : PARIDE FORMENTINI Vice Chairmen: YvES LE PORTZ ULRICH MEYER-CORDING Directors: Alternates : SJOERD BOOMSTRA, Director OTTO WILLEM VOS, Director, of External Finance, Ministry of Ministry of Finance, The Hague; Finance, The Hague; RoGER BOYER, Member of the DANIEL DEGUEN, Deputy Direc­ Board, Banque Frans:aise du Com­ tor of the Treasury, Ministry of merce Exterieur; Member of the Economy and Finance, Paris; (1) Conseil National du Credit, Paris; RAYMOND DENUCE, Honorary PIERRE GUILL, General Manager, Managing Director, Credit Com­ Caisse d'Epargne de l'Etat, Luxem­ munal de Belgique, Brussels; bourg; GIUSEPPE DI NARDI, Chairman, LIONELLO FRONZONI, Repre­ S.p.A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Big Reset
    REVISED s EDITION Willem s Middelkoop s TWarh on Golde and the Financial Endgame BIGs s RsE$EAUPTs The Big Reset The Big Reset War on Gold and the Financial Endgame ‘Revised and substantially enlarged edition’ Willem Middelkoop AUP Cover design: Studio Ron van Roon, Amsterdam Photo author: Corbino Lay-out: Crius Group, Hulshout Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. isbn 978 94 6298 027 3 e-isbn 978 90 4852 950 6 (pdf) e-isbn 978 90 4852 951 3 (ePub) nur 781 © Willem Middelkoop / Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2016 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. To Moos and Misha In the absence of the gold standard, there is no way to protect savings from confiscation through inflation. There is no safe store of value. If there were, the government would have to make its holding illegal, as was done in the case of gold. If everyone decided, for example, to convert all his bank deposits to silver or copper or any other good, and thereafter declined to accept checks as payment for goods, bank deposits would lose their purchasing power and government-created bank credit would be worthless as a claim on goods.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Privé in De Politieke Biografie Renders, JW
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Groningen University of Groningen Privé in de politieke biografie Renders, J.W.; Voerman, Gerrit IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2007 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Renders, J. W., & Voerman, G. (editors) (2007). Privé in de politieke biografie. Amsterdam: Boom / Biografie Instituut. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 12-11-2019 Privé in de politieke biografie Hans Renders & Gerrit Voerman [ redactie ] Privé in de politieke biografie boom µ amsterdam 2007 © 2007 De auteurs Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde uitzonderingen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever.
    [Show full text]