The Smyrna / Izmir Timeline – a Study by Achilleas Chatziconstantinou, 2011
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The Smyrna / Izmir Timeline – A study by Achilleas Chatziconstantinou, 2011 Century Year Month Day Event Theme 13 1225 Fortification of Mount Pagus and construction of six cisterns by John Urban structure III Doukas Vatatzis, emperor of Nikaia 13 1261 The city is handed over to the Genoese by the byzantine emperor Wars Michael VII 14 1328 Occupation by Gazi Umur Bey Aydınoğlu Wars 14 1344 Occupation of the sea castle by the Crusaders Wars 14 1348 Foundation of the Santa Maria Franciscan Convent Religion 15 1402 Occupation by Timur-Leg Wars 15 1425 Deposition of the Aydınoğlu by Sultan Murat II Wars 15 1471 Occupation attempt by Venetian admiral Mocenigo Wars 15 1480 Foundation of the Dominican Convent Religion 16 1535 Capitulations between the Ottoman empire and the French Kingdom Economy 16 1566 Ottoman occupation of Chios island Wars 16 1583 Foundation of the Levant Company Economy 16 1588 Construction of the Saint Voukolos shrine Religion 16 1592 Beginning of construction of Hisar Camii Religion 16 1598 Completion of Hisar Camii Religion 16 Establishment of the Venetian Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the French Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the Genoese Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the English Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the Dutch Consulate Politics 17 1612 Capitulations between the Ottoman empire and the Netherlands Economy 17 1612 Construction of the Dutch church Religion 17 1623 Construction of the Saint George Orthodox church Religion 17 1624 Foundation of the Jesuit Order's school Education 17 1625 Construction of the Anglican church Religion 17 1627 Discovery of the Panagia Galatoussa icon on Mount Pagus Religion 17 1628 Construction of the Jesuit Convent and the Saint Poycarp's chapel of Religion the French Consulate 17 1631 Saint Polycarp's chapel is handed over to the Capuchins Religion 17 1631 Tavernier visit Travellers 17 1636 Construction of Sadirvanalti Camii Religion 17 1643 Foundation of the Jesuit Order's Convent Religion 17 1651 Evliya Çelebi visit Travellers 17 1654 Earthquake Disasters 17 1657 Corneille's 'Nikomede' is staged at the French Consulate Arts 17 1658 Construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 17 1658 Construction of the Sancakburnu Kalesi Urban structure 17 1666 Foundation of the French Compagnie d'Orient Economy 17 1667 Constuction of the Kastane Pazari Camii Religion 17 1668 Fire Disasters 17 1671 construction of Kemeralti Camii Religion 17 1673 Renewal of French capitulations Economy 17 1673 Desiccation of the marshes north of the city Natural Environment 17 1675 Construction of the Aquedact by the exiled Grand Vizier Ahmet Natural Environment Kuprulu 17 1675 J. Spon & G. Wheler visit Travellers 17 1675 Foundation of the Dutch Hospital Medicine 17 1676 Demolition of the ancient theater Disasters 17 1676 Fire Disasters 17 1677 Completion of the Great Ahmet Kuprulu Bedesten Urban structure 17 1678 First plague epidemicy Disasters 17 1678 Cornelis le Bruyn visit Travellers 17 1678 Consrtuction of Cucuk Vezir Han Urban structure 17 1680 Arrival of Armenians fleeing Persian persecutions Society Century Year Month Day Event Theme 17 1688 7 10 Earthquake and fire; Destruction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Disasters 17 1690 Second construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 17 1691 Construction of the Jesuit convent Religion 17 1698 construction od the Santa Maria Franciscan church at the Religion Frangomahallas 17 1699 De La Mortaye visit Travellers 18 1702 Tournefort visit Travellers 18 1708 Foundation of the first Greek school 'Logon Frontistirion' or ' Palaeon Education Scholeion' at the Apano mahalla 18 1710 construction of the Saint Antoine Franciscan chapel of the French Religion hospital 18 1710 Foundation of the Saint Antoine Catholic hospital Medicine 18 1715 Settlement of Catholics from Tinos island Society 18 1720 Second plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1723 Foundation of 'Ospitalion', later known as 'Graekikon Nosokomion o Medicine Agios Haralampos' 18 1725 De Sainte Maure visit Travellers 18 1731 Tollot visit Travellers 18 1733 6 22 Foundation of Evageliki Scholi Education 18 1734 Introduction of coffee by the French Economy 18 1736 Occupation threat by bandit Saribeyoglu Society 18 1739 Pococke visit Travellers 18 1740 Renewal of French capitulations Economy 18 1741 Third plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1744 construction of Kizlar Agasi Han Urban structure 18 1748 4 27 Greek enlightenment scholar Adamantios Korais is born Press/literature 18 1748 Foundation of the Greek hospital 'O Agios Haralampos' Medicine 18 1750 Establishment of Swedish Cosnulate Politics 18 1751 Forth plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1760 Old port is rendered useless due to landfill Natural Environment 18 1763 Third construction of the Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 18 1763 Fire Disasters 18 1764 The first book is printed at Smyrna Press/literature 18 1765 Fifth plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1767 construction of the lazaretto behind the Greek hospital Medicine 18 1768 Riedesel visit Travellers 18 1770 Foundation of the Hellenic Club Society 18 1770 Outbreak of massacres following the Orlof events Disasters 18 1771 Second construction of Saint Georgios Orthodox church Religion 18 1775 Construction of the first European theatre Arts 18 1776 Choiseul Gouffier visit Travellers 18 1778 Fourth construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church within 40 days Religion 18 1778 Sixth plague epidemic Disasters 18 1778 Construction of Saint John's Orthodox church at Apano mahalla Religion 18 1778 Earthquake and fire: destruction of the Evageliki Scholi Disasters 18 1778 Second Construction of Evageliki Scholi Education 18 1785 Entronment of Orthodox metropolitan Grigorios (later became Religion Patriarch Grigorios V) 18 1785 Foundation of the first European Club Society 18 1788 2 9 Revolt of the christians against the taxation Society 18 1789 Foundation of the Lazarists' school Education 18 1791 Foundation of the European Club, later known as Cercle Européen Society 18 1792 Third construction of the Saint Georgios Orthodox church Religion 18 1792 Construction of Saint Fotini's iconostasis Religion 18 1796 Fire: destruction of the Greek hospital Disasters 18 1797 3 Janissaries rebellion Disasters 18 1797 Second construction of Santa Maria Franciscans church at Religion Frangomahalla 18 1797 Fifth construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church within 40 days Religion 18 1797 Dethronement of metropolitan Grigorios Religion Century Year Month Day Event Theme 19 1801 Foundation of the Armenian hospital 'Surp Krikor' Medicine 19 1802 Second construction of Saint Polycarp's church Religion 19 1804 Reconstruction of Saint John's Orthodox church at Apano Mahalla Religion 19 1804 Reconstruction of the Greek hospital Medicine 19 1805 Construction of Saint Dimitrios shrine on the spot of an 18th century Religion agiasma 19 1805 construction of the Sandirvanalti Camii library Press/literature 19 1809 Foundation of 'Filologikon Gymnasion' Education 19 1813 Seventh plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1816 Publication of 'Exintavelonis' by Constantinos Economos tou ex Press/literature Economon (= translation of Moliere's 'L'avare') 19 1816 F. Didot visit Travellers 19 1818 12 25 Fire Disasters 19 1818 Appearance of Biblical Societies Religion 19 1818 Eight plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1818 Construction of Saint John's metohion at Schinadika Religion 19 1819 1 Foundation of the Ionian (commercial) club Society 19 1819 Closure of 'Filologikon Gymnasion' Education 19 1820 Turner visit Travellers 19 1821 5 12 Massacre of Greek population ('Ta fovia') Wars 19 1824 Construction of Genethlion Theotokou church as a metohion of Religion Vulcano Monastery, Messinia, Greece 19 1824 Publication of 'Smyrnaios' newspaper Press/literature 19 1825 Construction of Saint John's church at Schinadika, replacing the Religion metohion 19 1825 Closure of Levant Company Economy 19 1825 Construction of Saint Anna's Orthodox shrine Religion 19 1828 Foundation of ottoman hospital Medicine 19 1828 Foundation of American missions' printing house Press/literature 19 1830 2 3 Foundation of the Greek state, following the London Treaty Politics 19 1830 Foundation of the Turkish orphanage Education 19 1830 Shaping of Konak square Urban structure 19 1830 Foundation of Kytherian Society Society 19 1830 Foundation of Evageliki Scholi's printing house Press/literature 19 1830 Foundation of 'Kentrikon Parthenagogion' at Meimaroglou street Education 19 1831 First cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1832 Construction of the stavropigian (i.e patriarchical) Saint Charalampos Religion church at the Greek hospital 19 1833 6 3 King Otto of Greece visit Society 19 1833 Costruction of Saint Dimitrios Orthodox church Religion 19 1835 3 9 Publication of 'Mnimosini' newspaper Press/literature 19 1835 7 21 Exile of metropolitan Seraphim Religion 19 1836 Foundation of the first Greek maiden' school ('Parthenagiion') at the Education courtyard of the Greek hospital 19 1837 Opening of the steamship line Transportation 19 1837 Ninth plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1837 Foundation of 'Kentrikon Parthenagogion' at Saint Fotini's church Education courtyard 19 1837 Foundation of Saint Rocco's lazaretto Medicine 19 1837 Closure of lazaretto behind the Greek hospital Medicine 19 1837 Completion of the first hydrographic map of the Gulf of Smyrna by Transportation the British 19 1838 Publication of the 'Amalthia' morning paper Press/literature 19 1839 11 3 Hatt-i Sharif (Noble Edict of the Rose Chamber) proclamation by Politics Sultan Abdulmecid 19 1839