The / Izmir Timeline – A study by Achilleas Chatziconstantinou, 2011

Century Year Month Day Event Theme 13 1225 Fortification of Mount Pagus and construction of six cisterns by John Urban structure III Doukas Vatatzis, emperor of Nikaia 13 1261 The city is handed over to the Genoese by the byzantine emperor Wars Michael VII 14 1328 Occupation by Gazi Umur Bey Aydınoğlu Wars 14 1344 Occupation of the sea castle by the Crusaders Wars 14 1348 Foundation of the Santa Maria Franciscan Convent Religion 15 1402 Occupation by Timur-Leg Wars 15 1425 Deposition of the Aydınoğlu by Sultan Murat II Wars 15 1471 Occupation attempt by Venetian admiral Mocenigo Wars 15 1480 Foundation of the Dominican Convent Religion 16 1535 Capitulations between the and the French Kingdom Economy 16 1566 Ottoman occupation of Chios island Wars 16 1583 Foundation of the Levant Company Economy 16 1588 Construction of the Saint Voukolos shrine Religion 16 1592 Beginning of construction of Hisar Camii Religion 16 1598 Completion of Hisar Camii Religion 16 Establishment of the Venetian Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the French Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the Genoese Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the English Consulate Politics 16 Establishment of the Dutch Consulate Politics 17 1612 Capitulations between the Ottoman empire and the Netherlands Economy 17 1612 Construction of the Dutch church Religion 17 1623 Construction of the Saint George Orthodox church Religion 17 1624 Foundation of the Jesuit Order's school Education 17 1625 Construction of the Anglican church Religion 17 1627 Discovery of the Panagia Galatoussa icon on Mount Pagus Religion 17 1628 Construction of the Jesuit Convent and the Saint Poycarp's chapel of Religion the French Consulate 17 1631 Saint Polycarp's chapel is handed over to the Capuchins Religion 17 1631 Tavernier visit Travellers 17 1636 Construction of Sadirvanalti Camii Religion 17 1643 Foundation of the Jesuit Order's Convent Religion 17 1651 Evliya Çelebi visit Travellers 17 1654 Earthquake Disasters 17 1657 Corneille's 'Nikomede' is staged at the French Consulate Arts 17 1658 Construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 17 1658 Construction of the Sancakburnu Kalesi Urban structure 17 1666 Foundation of the French Compagnie d'Orient Economy 17 1667 Constuction of the Kastane Pazari Camii Religion 17 1668 Fire Disasters 17 1671 construction of Kemeralti Camii Religion 17 1673 Renewal of French capitulations Economy 17 1673 Desiccation of the marshes north of the city Natural Environment 17 1675 Construction of the Aquedact by the exiled Grand Vizier Ahmet Natural Environment Kuprulu 17 1675 J. Spon & G. Wheler visit Travellers 17 1675 Foundation of the Dutch Hospital Medicine 17 1676 Demolition of the ancient theater Disasters 17 1676 Fire Disasters 17 1677 Completion of the Great Ahmet Kuprulu Bedesten Urban structure 17 1678 First plague epidemicy Disasters 17 1678 Cornelis le Bruyn visit Travellers 17 1678 Consrtuction of Cucuk Vezir Han Urban structure 17 1680 Arrival of Armenians fleeing Persian persecutions Society Century Year Month Day Event Theme 17 1688 7 10 Earthquake and fire; Destruction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Disasters 17 1690 Second construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 17 1691 Construction of the Jesuit convent Religion 17 1698 construction od the Santa Maria Franciscan church at the Religion Frangomahallas 17 1699 De La Mortaye visit Travellers 18 1702 Tournefort visit Travellers 18 1708 Foundation of the first Greek school 'Logon Frontistirion' or ' Palaeon Education Scholeion' at the Apano mahalla 18 1710 construction of the Saint Antoine Franciscan chapel of the French Religion hospital 18 1710 Foundation of the Saint Antoine Catholic hospital Medicine 18 1715 Settlement of Catholics from Tinos island Society 18 1720 Second plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1723 Foundation of 'Ospitalion', later known as 'Graekikon Nosokomion o Medicine Agios Haralampos' 18 1725 De Sainte Maure visit Travellers 18 1731 Tollot visit Travellers 18 1733 6 22 Foundation of Evageliki Scholi Education 18 1734 Introduction of coffee by the French Economy 18 1736 Occupation threat by bandit Saribeyoglu Society 18 1739 Pococke visit Travellers 18 1740 Renewal of French capitulations Economy 18 1741 Third plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1744 construction of Kizlar Agasi Han Urban structure 18 1748 4 27 Greek enlightenment scholar Adamantios Korais is born Press/literature 18 1748 Foundation of the Greek hospital 'O Agios Haralampos' Medicine 18 1750 Establishment of Swedish Cosnulate Politics 18 1751 Forth plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1760 Old port is rendered useless due to landfill Natural Environment 18 1763 Third construction of the Saint Fotini Orthodox church Religion 18 1763 Fire Disasters 18 1764 The first book is printed at Smyrna Press/literature 18 1765 Fifth plague epidemicy Disasters 18 1767 construction of the lazaretto behind the Greek hospital Medicine 18 1768 Riedesel visit Travellers 18 1770 Foundation of the Hellenic Club Society 18 1770 Outbreak of massacres following the Orlof events Disasters 18 1771 Second construction of Saint Georgios Orthodox church Religion 18 1775 Construction of the first European theatre Arts 18 1776 Choiseul Gouffier visit Travellers 18 1778 Fourth construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church within 40 days Religion 18 1778 Sixth plague epidemic Disasters 18 1778 Construction of Saint John's Orthodox church at Apano mahalla Religion 18 1778 Earthquake and fire: destruction of the Evageliki Scholi Disasters 18 1778 Second Construction of Evageliki Scholi Education 18 1785 Entronment of Orthodox metropolitan Grigorios (later became Religion Patriarch Grigorios V) 18 1785 Foundation of the first European Club Society 18 1788 2 9 Revolt of the christians against the taxation Society 18 1789 Foundation of the Lazarists' school Education 18 1791 Foundation of the European Club, later known as Cercle Européen Society 18 1792 Third construction of the Saint Georgios Orthodox church Religion 18 1792 Construction of Saint Fotini's iconostasis Religion 18 1796 Fire: destruction of the Greek hospital Disasters 18 1797 3 Janissaries rebellion Disasters 18 1797 Second construction of Santa Maria Franciscans church at Religion Frangomahalla 18 1797 Fifth construction of Saint Fotini Orthodox church within 40 days Religion 18 1797 Dethronement of metropolitan Grigorios Religion Century Year Month Day Event Theme 19 1801 Foundation of the Armenian hospital 'Surp Krikor' Medicine 19 1802 Second construction of Saint Polycarp's church Religion 19 1804 Reconstruction of Saint John's Orthodox church at Apano Mahalla Religion 19 1804 Reconstruction of the Greek hospital Medicine 19 1805 Construction of Saint Dimitrios shrine on the spot of an 18th century Religion agiasma 19 1805 construction of the Sandirvanalti Camii library Press/literature 19 1809 Foundation of 'Filologikon Gymnasion' Education 19 1813 Seventh plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1816 Publication of 'Exintavelonis' by Constantinos Economos tou ex Press/literature Economon (= translation of Moliere's 'L'avare') 19 1816 F. Didot visit Travellers 19 1818 12 25 Fire Disasters 19 1818 Appearance of Biblical Societies Religion 19 1818 Eight plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1818 Construction of Saint John's metohion at Schinadika Religion 19 1819 1 Foundation of the Ionian (commercial) club Society 19 1819 Closure of 'Filologikon Gymnasion' Education 19 1820 Turner visit Travellers 19 1821 5 12 Massacre of Greek population ('Ta fovia') Wars 19 1824 Construction of Genethlion Theotokou church as a metohion of Religion Vulcano Monastery, Messinia, Greece 19 1824 Publication of 'Smyrnaios' newspaper Press/literature 19 1825 Construction of Saint John's church at Schinadika, replacing the Religion metohion 19 1825 Closure of Levant Company Economy 19 1825 Construction of Saint Anna's Orthodox shrine Religion 19 1828 Foundation of ottoman hospital Medicine 19 1828 Foundation of American missions' printing house Press/literature 19 1830 2 3 Foundation of the Greek state, following the London Treaty Politics 19 1830 Foundation of the Turkish orphanage Education 19 1830 Shaping of Urban structure 19 1830 Foundation of Kytherian Society Society 19 1830 Foundation of Evageliki Scholi's printing house Press/literature 19 1830 Foundation of 'Kentrikon Parthenagogion' at Meimaroglou street Education 19 1831 First cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1832 Construction of the stavropigian (i.e patriarchical) Saint Charalampos Religion church at the Greek hospital 19 1833 6 3 King visit Society 19 1833 Costruction of Saint Dimitrios Orthodox church Religion 19 1835 3 9 Publication of 'Mnimosini' newspaper Press/literature 19 1835 7 21 Exile of metropolitan Seraphim Religion 19 1836 Foundation of the first Greek maiden' school ('Parthenagiion') at the Education courtyard of the Greek hospital 19 1837 Opening of the steamship line Transportation 19 1837 Ninth plague epidemicy Disasters 19 1837 Foundation of 'Kentrikon Parthenagogion' at Saint Fotini's church Education courtyard 19 1837 Foundation of Saint Rocco's lazaretto Medicine 19 1837 Closure of lazaretto behind the Greek hospital Medicine 19 1837 Completion of the first hydrographic map of the Gulf of Smyrna by Transportation the British 19 1838 Publication of the 'Amalthia' morning paper Press/literature 19 1839 11 3 Hatt-i Sharif (Noble Edict of the Rose Chamber) proclamation by Politics Sultan Abdulmecid 19 1839 Foundation of the poor' fund Medicine 19 1839 Foundation of the maiden' School by Sister's of Mercy Providence Medicine 19 1840 Foundation of Saint Joseph's orphanage Medicine 19 1841 Construction of 'Efterpi' theatre at the Rose street Arts 19 1842 Foundation of Jewish hospital Medicine 19 1842 Renaming of the Greek Commercial Club to Greek Club ('Grekiki Society Leschi') Century Year Month Day Event Theme 19 1842 Fire - second destruction of Evageliki Scholi Disasters 19 1843 Foundation of Jewish poor-house Medicine 19 1845 The first Greek play is staged at Efterpi theatre Arts 19 1845 Foundation of Barbers' Association Society 19 1845 construction of Tsikoudia (=Turpentine) han Urban structure 19 1845 Fire Disasters 19 1845 Foundation of the French propaganda school Education 19 1846 Foundation of 'Messageries Maritimes' Transportation 19 1847 Foundation of Saint Rocco's hospital Medicine 19 1847 construction of Saint Rocco's church within the hospital Religion 19 1848 Second cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1848 Foundation of Mechitarists' School Education 19 1850 Shaping of the sea front wharfs Urban structure 19 1850 Earthquakes Disasters 19 1851 Third construction of Evageliki Scholi Education 19 1853 10 Russo-Turkish war Wars 19 1853 Enthronement of metropolitan Paisios Religion 19 1853 Foundation of German orphanage of the Sisters Deaconesses Medicine 19 1854 3 Crimean war Wars 19 1854 Foundation of Private Greco-French school 'Likion Aroni' Education 19 1854 Third cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1854 Establishment of Isigonis Industries Economy 19 1855 Privileges agreement between Ottoman empire and Greece Economy 19 1856 2 6 Hatti Humayun proclamation by Sultan Mecid Politics 19 1856 3 End of Crimean war, Paris treaty Wars 19 1856 Restoration of Saint John's Orthodox church at Schinadika Religion 19 1856 Foundation of French hospital's maiden school Education 19 1856 construction of Saint Fotinis's bell-tower by architect Latris Religion 19 1857 Repair of Saint George Orthodox church Religion 19 1857 Foundation of Saint Fotini metohion (later known as Saint Catherine) Religion 19 1857 Dethronement of metropolitan Paisios Religion 19 1858 Smyrna-Aidin railway connection Transportation 19 1859 Foundation of European Club Society 19 1860 Foundation of Saint Dimitrios boys school Education 19 1862 construction of Camerano theatre at Fassoulas Arts 19 1862 construction of Saint Jean Catholic church Religion 19 1862 Foundation of lawyer's association Society 19 1862 Establishment of gas factory by British Economy 19 1863 7 23 Death of intellectual Alexandros Soutsos Society 19 1863 Fire destroys Saint Fotini church Disasters 19 1865 Disease destroys silkworm nurseries Disasters 19 1865 Forth cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1865 Foundation of Orthodox cemetery Religion 19 1866 Construction of Saint Voukolos Orthodox church Religion 19 1866 Expansion of railway line to Cassaba Transportation 19 1867 2 8 Foundation of Greek orphanage Medicine 19 1867 Construction of Saint John's Anglican church at Punta Religion 19 1867 Construction of Evagelistria Orthodox church as a metohion of the Religion Greek hospital at Tabakhane Çayı 19 1867 Beginng of Quay works Urban structure 19 1867 Earthquakes Disasters 19 1868 Arrival of earthquake refugees from Lesvos island Society 19 1868 The first European Club is destroyed by fire Disasters 19 1868 Publication of the French morning newspaper "Reforme" Press/literature 19 1870 2 First municipal elections Politics 19 1870 3 1 Foundation of Smyrna Anagnostirion (=reading-room) Press/literature 19 1871 Construction of Kimisi Theotokou (The Assumption of the Virgin) Religion Orthodox church at Ikinci Cordon Century Year Month Day Event Theme 19 1871 Foundation of Charitable Fraternity of Apano Mahalla Society 19 1872 Publication of 'Proodos' (=progress) newspaper Press/literature 19 1872 Publication of 'Omiros' magazine Press/literature 19 1872 Foundation of Doctors' Association Society 19 1872 construction of Agioi Taxiarches Orthodox church inside the Greek Religion cemetery 19 1872 Foundation of the Tobacco Duty Service Economy 19 1872 Foundation of the British 'Baxer' commerce school Education 19 1873 Construction of penitentiary at the spot of Saint Paraskevi, old Urban structure Orthodox metropolis 19 1873 Collapse of Kivotos coffeehouse during a theatrical play kills 100 Disasters people 19 1874 Construction of Kimisi Theotokou (The Assumption of the Virgin) Religion Orthodox church within the Greek orphanage 19 1874 Completion of the quay Urban structure 19 1874 Shaping of Alsancak port Urban structure 19 1874 Smyrna-Kordelio maritime connection by 2 English paddle steamers Transportation 19 1874 Foundation of Evageliki Scholi museum Education 19 1874 Demolition of sea castle 'Krommiokastron' Urban structure 19 1875 Foundation of Sisters of Sion's Maiden school Medicine 19 1876 12 23 Constitution proclamation by Sultan Abdülmecid Politics 19 1876 The first café santan open Arts 19 1876 Establishment of Turkish Post Services 19 1877 1 11 Russo-Turkish war Wars 19 1877 Kivotos coffeehouse opens offering concerts Arts 19 1878 1 31 Russo-Turkish ceasefire and Treaty of Adrianople Wars 19 1878 Construction of Archon Michael Orthodox church in Orthodox Religion cemetery 19 1878 Division of Smyrna Municipality in two sections Politics 19 1878 Foundation of Armenian hospital Medicine 19 1878 Foundation of Orthodox cemetery school Education 19 1879 Publication of Armenian newspaper 'Arevelian Mamoul' (=eastern Press/literature press) 19 1879 Foundation of Evagelistria school Education 19 1880 6 26 Earthquakes Disasters 19 1880 Foundation of Saint Joseph's French college Education 19 1880 Foundation of Italian sisters' school Education 19 1881 3 22 Earthquake with epicentre between Chios island and Erythrea Disasters peninsula 19 1881 4 Arrival of Chian earthquake refugees Society 19 1881 Foundation of Omirion Parthenagogion (=Maiden school) Education 19 1881 Fire Disasters 19 1882 Construction of the Greek hospital mental wind Medicine 19 1882 Construction of Saint Nikolas Orthodox church Religion 19 1882 Establishment of Workers' Mutual Help Company Society 19 1883 Construction of Saint Charalambos church in Greek hospital Religion 19 1883 Foundation of Armenian maiden school Education 19 1884 11 Destruction of Camerano theatre Arts 19 1884 Foundation of private Elementary school by Zographos Education 19 1884 Establishment of Greek Confectioners' Association Society 19 1884 Establishment of Construction workers from Andros island Society 19 1885 3 8 Enthronement of metropolitan Vassilios (Asterios) Religion 19 1885 Foundation of Daldakis Boarding-School Education 19 1885 Introduction of Quay horse tramway Transportation 19 1885 Transfer of Greek Club Society 19 1886 Foundation of Paschalis Brothers' Boarding School 'To Palladion' Education 19 1886 Hermos river diversion by the French rivet Natural Environment 19 1886 Foundation of the new Club Society 19 1886 Foundation of the Armenian boys school 'Surp Mesropian' Education 19 1886 Vine louse epidemicy Disasters Century Year Month Day Event Theme 19 1887 Establishment of Smyrna Chamber of Commerce Society 19 1887 Foundation of the Union and Progress Committee by Turkish Politics intellectuals at 19 1887 Beginning of construction of Saint Triphon at Tsikoudia Religion 19 1887 construction of French college Sacré Coeur lazarist church Religion 19 1887 construction of Saint Voukolos church at the place of the shrine Religion 19 1887 Foundation of International American Maiden School Education 19 1887 Transfer of Kentrikon Parthenagogion (=central maiden school) Education 19 1888 Introduction of electricity by a German businessman Economy 19 1888 Publication of Jewish newspaper "The novelist' Press/literature 19 1888 Smyrna-Aidin railway expansion Transportation 19 1890 Foundation of Orpheus Club Society 19 1891 Renovation of Saint Fotini bell-tower Religion 19 1891 Foundation of International American College at Paradiso Education 19 1891 Second reconstruction of Evagelistria Orthodox church at Tabakhane- Religion Cayi 19 1891 Foundation of 'Orthodoxia' charitable fraternity Society 19 1891 Foundation of the Hunters' Club inside Alhambra Society 19 1891 Establishment of Tobacco workers' Association Society 19 1892 Third construction of Saint Fotini and addition of a clock from Bavaria Religion to the bell-tower 19 1892 Second construction of Genethlion Theotokou Orthodox church at the Religion place of the metohion 19 1893 8 8 Foundation of Sporting Club Society 19 1893 Fifth cholera epidemicy Disasters 19 1894 Construction of new theatre Arts 19 1894 Completion of Saitn tryphonas church at Tsikoudua Religion 19 1894 Foundation of the 'Religious Fraternity Eusebia' Society 19 1894 Foundaton of Commercial School Education 19 1894 Establishment of Ferrymen and Fishermen Association Society 19 1894 Transfer of Hunters' Club at the Rodokanaki coffeehouse Society 19 1895 Establishment of Water Supply Company by belgians Urban structure 19 1895 Transfer of Hunters' Club at the Quay and split between high and low Society 19 1896 Publication of Jewish newspaper "Meseret Press/literature 19 1896 First Panionian Games Society 19 1896 Foundation of Friends of Education Fraternity 'Agioi Anargiroi' Society 19 1897 Completion of construction of Saint tryphonas church at Tsikoudia Religion 19 1897 Construction of Salepcioglu Camii Religion 19 1897 The term 'Young Turk' for the members of the Union and Progress Politics Committee is introduced by the Parisian newspaper 'New '

19 1898 Construction of Saint Catherine Orthodox church Religion 19 1898 Foundation of Panionios Gymnastic Club through the merger of Society Orpheus and Gymnasion 19 1899 Smyrna-Kordelio road connection Transportation 19 1899 Earthquake Disasters 20 1900 Foundation fo Kalligeris boarding school Education 20 1902 Foundation of Club de Smyrne after the merger of old and new Society European Club 20 1902 Extension of the Gas Company privileges for 40 years Economy 20 1902 Foundation of the Rowers' Club Society 20 1904 Construction of Saint Anne's Orthodox church at the place of the Religion shrine 20 1904 First Apollonian Games at Bournabat Society 20 1904 Foundation of Higher School of Commerce of Fathers of Sion Education 20 1904 Foundation of Bank branch Economy 20 1905 Construction of Konak Clock Urban structure 20 1905 Opening of Hotel 'N. Mitilini' Economy 20 1905 Foundation of Nestoridis school Education 20 1905 Shaping of the Bojiatzidika street by covering the stream Urban structure 20 1905 Foundation of the Samper Club at Punta Society Century Year Month Day Event Theme 20 1905 Foundation of Pelops Club at Karatas Society 20 1906 Foundation of Giannikis Practical - boarding school Education 20 1906 Construction of Lutheran church at Hatzistamou street Religion 20 1906 Foundation Gymnastic and Music Club at Karsiyaka Society 20 1907 Foundation of Theseus Club at Bournabat Society 20 1907 Construction of Asansor by the Jewish community at Karatas Urban structure 20 1907 Transfer of the Greek Club and renaming to Hellenic Club Society 20 1908 7 13 Constitution proclamation Politics 20 1908 8 24 Publication of 'Ergatis' (=worker) newspaper Press/literature 20 1908 8 17 Arrival of the Greek fleet Politics 20 1908 9 17 Stamboul' wreck (Smyrna-Kordelio line) with 120 victims Disasters 20 1908 Opening of Paris Cinema at quay Arts 20 1908 Publication of Turkish 'Kiolu' newspaper Press/literature 20 1908 Opening of ice factory by Americans at Daragac Society 20 1908 Second construction of Evagelistria Orthodox church at Tabakhane - Religion Cayi 20 1908 Opening of 'Pallas' Cinema at quay Arts 20 1908 Publication of Sunday satiric Greek 'Kopanos' newspaper Press/literature 20 1908 Foundation of Ermis Club at Bournabat Society 20 1909 Foundation of Turkish library Milli Kitaphane Press/literature 20 1909 Publication of Jewish 'Salom' newspaper Press/literature 20 1909 Publication of Jewish 'Pregonero' newspaper Press/literature 20 1909 Foundation of Servants Mutual Help Association Society 20 1909 Publication of Sunday satiric Greek 'Smyrnios' newspaper Press/literature 20 1909 Opening of Pantheon Cinema at quay Arts 20 1909 Publication of morning 'Kosmos' newspaper Press/literature 20 1909 Opening of Patte Freres Cinema at quay Arts 20 1910 5 Enthronement of metropolitan Chrysostomos (Kalafatis) Religion 20 1910 Foundation of Anastasiadis School Education 20 1910 Opening of 'Astir' Cinema at Evagelistria street Arts 20 1910 Publication of evening 'Estia' newspaper Press/literature 20 1910 Sixth cholera epidemicy Disasters 20 1911 Opening of 'Olimpos' Greek ice factory Economy 20 1911 Publication of Turkish 'Musavat' newspaper Press/literature 20 1911 Publication of evening Tilegrafos' newspaper Press/literature 20 1911 Opening of Panionios stadium Urban structure 20 1911 Foundation of Marine Club by French and British at Kordelio Society 20 1911 Construction of 'Theatre de Smyrne' at Bellavista Arts 20 1912 Construction of 'Finix Cinema at Saint Catherine street Arts 20 1912 Publication of Jewish 'Boz de Izmir' newspaper Press/literature 20 1912 Construction of Kentrikon Parthenagogion new building Education 20 1912 Re-establishment of Barbers' Association Society 20 1913 12 Arrival at Constantinople of German general Otto Liman von Sanders Politics as General Inspector of the Turkish army 20 1913 Opening of 'Melis' Cinema at Evagelistria Street Arts 20 1913 Fire destroys Sporting Club Disasters 20 1913 Foundation of Kotsios National Lyceum - Boarding school Education 20 1913 Publication of evening 'Tharros' (=courage) Greek newspaper Press/literature 20 1913 Smallpox epidemicy Disasters 20 1913 Seventh cholera epidemicy Disasters 20 1914 5 12 Persecution of the Greeks of Erythrea peninsula begins Disasters 20 1914 5 24 Ecumenical Patriarchate declares Church underpersecution Politics 20 1914 8 1 First world war begins Wars 20 1914 8 20 Dethronement of metropolitan Chrysostomos Religion 20 1914 Publication of Turkish 'Aheg' newspaper Press/literature 20 1914 Informal abolition of capitulations Economy 20 1914 Construction of Saint Marcella church at Daragac Religion 20 1914 Secondconstruction of Sporting Club Society Century Year Month Day Event Theme 20 1914 Establishment of Greek Orthodox Community mess Medicine 20 1915 2 20 Allies bombard Exokastro Wars 20 1915 2 24 End of bombardments - Request to Prefect Rahmi Bey to surrender Wars the city 20 1915 2 26 End of negotiations - Allies pull out - new persecutions Wars 20 1915 3 23 Ally airplane flies over the city on Orthodox Easter Day Wars 20 1915 4 24 235 Armenian leaders are arrested and executed at Constantinople - Disasters Beginning of genocide 20 1915 6 20 Publication of proclamation for civilian disarmament Wars 20 1915 7 10 House arrest and research inside the Greek neighbourhoods from Wars Saint Catherin to Punta 20 1915 11 Edict of bread selling through coupon 'vesika' Economy 20 1915 Foundation of Turkish lyceum 'Bene Eret' Education 20 1916 5 10 Bombardment of the Turkish neighbourhood causes victims and Disasters damages 20 1916 5 11 15-day imprisonment of all male subjects of western ally countries Wars 20 1916 5 15 Bombardment of mainly Saint Tryphon neighbourhood at 3 o'clock in Disasters the morning causes victims and damages 20 1917 3 17 3 airplanes bombard the city, one is shot down by a German airplane Wars 20 1917 12 End of bread crisis Economy 20 1917 An airplane with German insignia bombard Kasaba railway station Disasters 20 1917 Eight cholera epidemicy Disasters 20 1918 4 Internal bonds are issued with no effect Economy 20 1918 5 16 Prefect Rahmi Bey forces 50 merchants to buy bonds Economy 20 1918 6 30 Official end of registers for bonds Economy 20 1918 8 23 British airplanes throw propaganda leaflets over the city Wars 20 1918 9 18 Germany, Austria and Turkey sign surrender treaty with USA Wars 20 1918 10 17 Armistice signing with Entente at Bay island of Limnos Wars 20 1918 12 22 Return of metropolitan Chrysostomos Religion 20 1918 24 10 Arrival of British warship of captain Dixon meets enthusiasm Wars 20 1918 Re-establishment of Confectioners' Association Society 20 1918 Eruptive typhus epidemicy Disasters 20 1919 5 1 Metropolitan Chrysostomos reads the liberation announcement Society 20 1919 5 2 Landing of Greek army Wars 20 1919 5 2 Clashes between Greek soldiers and Turks Wars 20 1919 5 6 landing of Mustafa Kemal at Samsous Wars 20 1919 5 8 Arrival of High Commisioner Aristidis Stergiadis Politics 20 1919 12 Formation of Greek Asia Minor Army Wars 20 1919 Publication of Turkish 'Jolahat' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of French morning 'Liberté' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of Turkish 'Sagdic' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of Turkish Medeniyet' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of French morning 'Levant' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of French evening 'L'Indépendant' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Foundation of Pharmacy clerks' Association Society 20 1919 Foundation of Grocers' Association Society 20 1919 Publication of morning "French Echo' newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of Turkish 'Sark' (=east) Press/literature 20 1919 Publication of Greek morning 'Patris' (=country) newspaper Press/literature 20 1919 Establishment of national Bank of Greece branch Economy 20 1919 Re-establishment of Servants Mutual Help Association Society 20 1919 Foundation of Bakery workers' Association Society 20 1919 Foundation of Painters' Association Society 20 1920 7 28 Treaty of Sèvres Politics 20 1920 7 30 Signing of Smyrna surrender-receipt protocol Politics 20 1920 10 12 Death of King of Greece Politics 20 1920 11 1 Greece general elections - Venizelos defeat Politics 20 1920 11 22 Greek referendum - return of King Konstantine Politics 20 1921 5 30 Arrival of King Konstantine of Greece Politics Century Year Month Day Event Theme 20 1922 5 23 Arrival of Commander -in-Chief Hatzianestis Politics 20 1922 7 18 Stergiadis organizes mass demosntration Society 20 1922 7 20 Greek law prohibits the transfer of population from Greek occupied Politics Asia Minor to Greece 20 1922 8 13 Turks counter-attack begins Wars 20 1922 8 15 Afion karahisar's evacuation notice cause for anxiety Wars 20 1922 8 23 Greek forces from Adrianople refuse to disembark Wars 20 1922 8 25 Greek administration begins to withdraw Politics 20 1922 8 26 Aristidis Stergiadis leaves the city Politics 20 1922 8 27 Disorderly Turks on horses enter the city - Nureddin Pasha takes over Wars administration 20 1922 8 27 Metropolitan Chrysostomos is murdered Wars 20 1922 8 31 Fire starts from Armenian Club Disasters 20 1922 8 31 First and second army corps start depart from Tsesme Wars 20 1922 8 29 Disorderly Turks enter Vourla (=Urla) Wars 20 1922 9 3 First and second army corps complete their departure from Tsesme Wars 20 1922 9 3 Nurredin Pasha's announcement publication Politics 20 1922 9 3 Vourla are set on fire at dawn Disasters 20 1922 9 5 Third army corps complete their departure from Panormos and Wars Kyzikos 20 1928 5 31 Earthquakes Disasters