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Chapter-8.Pdf
8 HISTORY FOCUS Connecting Art and History from 500 BCE-500- CE Major civilizations and empires developed an early but short-lived enjoying outdoor sports are common, flourishedaround the world at this formof democracy. In the fourth as in the Banqueters and Musicians time (see Map 4). The great wealth and century BCE, the Macedonians from the Tomb of the Leopards power of these empires produced elite conquered the Greeks and, under (Fig. 8.9). The Sarcophagus with classes who commissioned amazing Alexander the Great, invaded Persia Reclining Couple (Fig. 8.8) indicates works of art, among which were and defeated King Darius. Alexander's that Etruscan women enjoyed monumental tombs and funerary art empire, stretching as far as India and considerable independence. They that preserved their fame. the Middle East, further spread Greek attended symposia and sporting In Greece, which consisted of influence. events, were equals at banquets with independent city-states, 500-338 BCE The Etruscan civilization, their husbands, owned property is considered the Classical period. consisting of city-states, occupied independently, and likely had a In Athens, artworks reflectedGreek much of central Italy. What we know high rate of literacy. Beginning in humanism with their idealized yet about the Etruscans comes largely 509 BCE, the Romans began naturalistic representations of the from excavations of their tombs chipping away at Etruria, and human figure,as seen in the Grave and funerary art. Tomb paintings of they completely overwhelmed the Stele ofHegeso (Fig. 8.15). Athens also lively people feasting, dancing, or Etruscans by 273 BCE. Map 4 The Assyrian and Persian Empires. -
The Burial of the Urban Poor in Italy in the Late Republic and Early Empire
Death, disposal and the destitute: The burial of the urban poor in Italy in the late Republic and early Empire Emma-Jayne Graham Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Archaeology University of Sheffield December 2004 IMAGING SERVICES NORTH Boston Spa, Wetherby West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ www.bl.uk The following have been excluded from this digital copy at the request of the university: Fig 12 on page 24 Fig 16 on page 61 Fig 24 on page 162 Fig 25 on page 163 Fig 26 on page 164 Fig 28 on page 168 Fig 30on page 170 Fig 31 on page 173 Abstract Recent studies of Roman funerary practices have demonstrated that these activities were a vital component of urban social and religious processes. These investigations have, however, largely privileged the importance of these activities to the upper levels of society. Attempts to examine the responses of the lower classes to death, and its consequent demands for disposal and commemoration, have focused on the activities of freedmen and slaves anxious to establish or maintain their social position. The free poor, living on the edge of subsistence, are often disregarded and believed to have been unceremoniously discarded within anonymous mass graves (puticuli) such as those discovered at Rome by Lanciani in the late nineteenth century. This thesis re-examines the archaeological and historical evidence for the funerary practices of the urban poor in Italy within their appropriate social, legal and religious context. The thesis attempts to demonstrate that the desire for commemoration and the need to provide legitimate burial were strong at all social levels and linked to several factors common to all social strata. -
Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda Mcclelland Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Summer 8-26-2013 Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda McClelland Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd Recommended Citation McClelland, Grizelda, "Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens" (2013). All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). 1150. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1150 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Classics Department of Art History and Archaeology Dissertation Examination Committee: Susan I. Rotroff, Chair Wendy Love Anderson William Bubelis Robert D. Lamberton George Pepe Sarantis Symeonoglou Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens by Grizelda D. McClelland A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2013 St. Louis, Missouri © 2013, Grizelda Dunn McClelland Table of Contents Figures ............................................................................................................................... -
The Beautiful Burial in Roman Egypt
OXFORD STUDIES IN ANCIENT CULTURE AND REPRESENTATION General Editors Simon Price R. R. R. Smith Oliver Taplin OXFORD STUDIES IN ANCIENT CULTURE AND REPRESENTATION Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation publishes signiWcant inter- disciplinary research into the visual, social, political, and religious cultures of the ancient Mediterranean world. The series includes work which combines diVerent kinds of representations which are usually treated separately. The overarching programme is to integrate images, monuments, texts, performances and rituals with the places, participants, and broader historical environment that gave them meaning. The Beautiful Burial in Roman Egypt Art, Identity, and Funerary Religion CHRISTINA RIGGS 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Christina Riggs 2005 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. -
PAUSBED Yılda Üç Kez Yayımlanmaktadır
ISSN 1308 - 2922 Sayı/Number 7 Ağustos/August 2010 Sahibi ve Yazı İşleri Müdürü Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Adına Doç. Dr. Bilal SÖĞÜT Baş Editör Prof. Dr. Ceyhun Vedat UYGUR İngilizce Düzeltme Yrd. Doç. Dr. Recep Şahin ARSLAN Hakemli bilimsel bir dergi olan PAUSBED yılda üç kez yayımlanmaktadır. Dergide yayımlanan çalışmalardan, kaynak gösterilmek şartıyla alıntı yapılabilir. Çalışmaların tüm sorumluluğu yazarına/yazarlarına aittir. Grafik ve Dizgi Gülderen ÇAVUŞ ALTINTAŞ Baskı GENÇASLAN Dijital Baskı Merkezi +90 258 261 68 60 Yazışma Adresi Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Rektörlük Binası Kat: 2 Kınıklı Yerleşkesi 20070 Kınıklı – DENİZLİ / TÜRKİYE Tel. + 90 (258) 296 22 10 Fax. +90 (258) 296 23 47 e-posta: [email protected] Danışma ve Yayın Kurulu Prof. Dr. Ceyhun Vedat UYGUR Pamukkale Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Ramazan BAŞTÜRK Pamukkale Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Milay KÖKTÜRK Pamukkale Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Ali Rıza ERDEM Pamukkale Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Yasin SEZER Pamukkale Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. M. Yaşar ERTAŞ Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Aydın SARI Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nurten SARICA Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Kerim DEMİRCİ Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Kamil ORHAN Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Recep Şahin ARSLAN Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Türkay Nuri TOK Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Saim CİRTİL Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Türkan ERDOĞAN Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Safi AVCI Pamukkale Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Selçuk Burak HAŞILOĞLU Pamukkale Üniversitesi Hakem Kurulu Prof. Dr. Aylin Görgün BARAN Hacettepe Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Aytül KASAPOĞLU Ankara Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Celal ŞİMŞEK Pamukkale Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Hasan BOYNUKARA Yüzüncüyıl Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Mehmet MEDER Pamukkale Üniversitesi Prof. -
Ethnicity and Iconography on Roman Cavalrymen Tombstones
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2014-12-01 The Roman Riders: Ethnicity and Iconography on Roman Cavalrymen Tombstones Jessica Colleen Kramer Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Anthropology Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Kramer, Jessica Colleen, "The Roman Riders: Ethnicity and Iconography on Roman Cavalrymen Tombstones" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 4343. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4343 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Roman Riders: Ethnicity and Iconography on Roman Cavalrymen Tombstones Jessica Colleen Kramer A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Cynthia Finlayson, Chair John E. Clark David Johnson Department of Anthropology Brigham Young University December 2014 Copyright © 2014 Jessica Colleen Kramer All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Roman Riders: Ethnicity and Iconography on Roman Cavalryman Tombstones Jessica Colleen Kramer Department of Anthropology, BYU Master of Arts The funerary grave stelae of the Roman cavalrymen are large, impressive monuments set apart from their military counterparts by the ornate relief carvings which they exhibit. The two most common motifs featured on these tombstones are the rider relief motifs and the totenmahl motifs. Aspects of both the reliefs and the inscribed epitaphs are distinctly characteristic of the Roman military. Throughout the history of the Roman Empire, men in the auxiliary cavalry units were recruited from non-Roman allied tribes. -
N. Reggiani, Transmission of Recipes and Receptaria in Greek Medical Writings on Papyrus
Nicola Reggiani Transmission of Recipes and Receptaria in Greek Medical Writings on Papyrus Between Ancient Text Production and Modern Digital Representation Fragments are much more important than books because they testify to texts potentially at the apex of an ancient period and now, for whatever reason, no longer extant. The claim of a wisdom from the ancient period extant only in fragments represents a secret apologetic weapon directed against the supremacy of the majority. […] Fragments of ancient wisdom constitute that literary past which the libraries want to canonize in their attempt to establish their supremacy over other cultural moving forces of ancient society.1 Ancient medical prescriptions (usually also known as ‘recipes’) are a very pecu- liar text typology. They are at the same time therapeutical / pharmaceutical indi- cations delivered by practicing physicians to the users (whether patients, col- leagues, or pharmacists)2 and ways of handing down an articulated set of knowledge.3 Based as they are on both scientific experience and practical know– how, they essentially aim at preserving and transmitting diagnostic–therapeutic records for future replication. It is apparent that such reference tools are subject to modifications, adaptations, and updates according to actual clinical cases and individual expertise.4 Medicine is not an exact, established science, but an evolv- ing set of strategies that imply theoretical reflection and practical action, both of 1 Veltri (2006) 91. The present contribution stems from the project ‘Online Humanities Scholar- ship: A Digital Medical Library Based on Ancient Texts’ (ERC–2013–AdG DIGMEDTEXT, Grant Agreement no. 339828, Principal Investigator Prof. Isabella Andorlini) held at the University of Parma on funding of the European Research Council (see http://www.papirologia.unipr.it/ERC). -
Immortality of the Spirit: Chinese Funerary Art from the Han and Tang Dynasties Exhibition Catalogue
Fairfield University DigitalCommons@Fairfield Immortality of the Spirit: Chinese Funerary Art Immortality of the Spirit - Ephemera from the Han and Tang Dynasties 4-2012 Immortality of the Spirit: Chinese Funerary Art from the Han and Tang Dynasties Exhibition Catalogue Jill J. Deupi Fairfield University, [email protected] Ive Covaci Fairfield University Leopold Swergold Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/immortality_ephemera Recommended Citation Deupi, Jill J.; Covaci, Ive; and Swergold, Leopold, "Immortality of the Spirit: Chinese Funerary Art from the Han and Tang Dynasties Exhibition Catalogue" (2012). Immortality of the Spirit - Ephemera. 1. https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/immortality_ephemera/1 This item has been accepted for inclusion in DigitalCommons@Fairfield by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Fairfield. It is brought to you by DigitalCommons@Fairfield with permission from the rights- holder(s) and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Immortality of the Spirit: Chinese Funerary Art from the Han and Tang Dynasties 1 ust over a year ago, Jane and Leopold Swergold surprised -
Painted Funerary Portraits
UCLA UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology Title Painted Funerary Portraits Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7426178c Journal UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, 1(1) Author Borg, Barbara E. Publication Date 2010-09-25 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California PAINTED FUNERARY PORTRAITS الصور الجنائزية الملونة Barbara E. Borg EDITORS WILLEKE WENDRICH Editor-in-Chief Area Editor Material Culture University of California, Los Angeles JACCO DIELEMAN Editor University of California, Los Angeles ELIZABETH FROOD Editor University of Oxford JOHN BAINES Senior Editorial Consultant University of Oxford Short Citation: Borg, 2010, Painted Funerary Portraits. UEE. Full Citation: Borg, Barbara E., 2010, Painted Funerary Portraits. In Willeke Wendrich (ed.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0021bx22 1133 Version 1, September 2010 http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0021bx22 PAINTED FUNERARY PORTRAITS الصور الجنائزية الملونة Barbara E. Borg Mumienporträts Portraits Funéraires Peints The term “painted funerary portraits” used here encompasses a group of portraits painted on either wooden panels or on linen shrouds that were used to decorate portrait mummies from Roman Egypt (conventionally called “mummy portraits”). They have been found in cemeteries in almost all parts of Egypt, from the coastal city of Marina el-Alamein to Aswan in Upper Egypt, and originate from the early first century AD to the mid third century with the possible exception of a small number of later shrouds. Their patrons were a wealthy local elite influenced by Hellenistic and Roman culture but deeply rooted in Egyptian religious belief. -
Witold Tyborowski Władza Centralna a Elity Południowej Babilonii W Czasach Hammurabiego
Witold Tyborowski Władza centralna a elity południowej Babilonii w czasach Hammurabiego Charpin D. (1986), „Le rôle économique du palais en Babylonie sous Hammurabi et ses successeurs”, [w:] Levy E. (ed.), Le systeme palatial en Orient, en Grece et a Rome, Leiden, 111–126. Charpin D. (2003), Hammurabi de Babylone, Paris. Charpin D. (2004), „Histoire Politique du Proche-Orient Amorrite (2002–1595)”, [w:] Mesopotamien. Die altbabylonische Zeit, Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 160/4, Göttingen, 25–483. Dalley S. (2005), Old Babylonian Texts in the Ashmolean Museum Mainly from Larsa, Sippir, and Lagaba, Oxford. Dombradi E. (1996), Die Darstellung des Rechstaustrags in den altbabylonischen Prozessurkunden, Stuttgart. Ellis M. de J. (1976), Agriculture and the State in Ancient Mesopotamia. An Introduction to Problems of Land Tenure, Philadelphia. Fitzgerald M.A. (2002), Rulers of Larsa (A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Yale University in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy), Yale. Gallery M. (1980), „The Office of the šatammu in the Old Babylonian Period”, Archiv für Orientforchung 27 (1980) 1–36. Gasche H., Armstrong J.A., Cole S.W., Gurzadyan V.G. (1998), Dating the Fall of Babylon. A Reapraisal of Second Millennium B.C., Ghent. Goddeeris A. (2002), Economy and Society in Northern Babylonia in the Early Old Babylonian Period (ca. 2000–1800), Leuven–Paris. Harris R. (1975), Ancient Sippar. A Demographic Study of an Old Babylonian City (1894–1595 B.C.), Istanbul. Klengel H. (1973), „Die Geschäfte des Babyloniers Balmunamhe”, Das Altertum 4 (1973) 201–207. Klengel H. (1976), Hammurabi von Babylon und seine Zeit, Berlin. -
Retooling Medievalism for Early Modern Painting in Annibale Carracci’S Pietà with Saints in Parma
religions Article Retooling Medievalism for Early Modern Painting in Annibale Carracci’s Pietà with Saints in Parma Livia Stoenescu Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; [email protected] Abstract: Annibale Carracci (1560–1609) drew on the Italian Renaissance tradition of the Man of Sorrows to advance the Christological message within the altarpiece context of his Pietà with Saints (1585). From its location at the high altar of the Capuchin church of St. Mary Magdalene in Parma, the work commemorates the life of Duke Alessandro Farnese (1586–1592), who is interred right in front of Annibale’s painted image. The narrative development of the Pietà with Saints transformed the late medieval Lamentation altarpiece focused on the dead Christ into a riveting manifestation of the beautiful and sleeping Christ worshipped by saints and angels in a nocturnal landscape. Thus eschewing historical context, the pictorial thrust of Annibale’s interpretation of the Man of Sorrows attached to the Pietà with Saints was to heighten Eucharistic meaning while allowing for sixteenth- century theological and poetic thought of Mary’s body as the tomb of Christ to cast discriminating devotional overtones on the resting place of the deceased Farnese Duke. Keywords: Devotional Art; Reform of Art; Early Modern and Italian Renaissance Art The Pietà with Saints (Figure1) for the high altar of the Capuchin church of Saint Mary Magdalene in Parma articulates the increasing attention brought to the aesthetic qualities Citation: Stoenescu, Livia. 2021. of the Man of Sorrows tradition and the value placed on creative imitation on the part Retooling Medievalism for Early of its maker, Annibale Carracci (1560–1609). -
Mummy Portraits and Related
Mummy Portraits and Related [Book] Decorated surfaces on ancient Egyptian objects: technology, deterioration and conservation: proceedings of a conference held in Cambridge, UK on 7-8 September 2007. Dawson, J.; Rozeik, C. and Wright, M. (Editors). Archetype Publications Ltd., London, United Kingdom pp. 106-121 (2010) Includes: Rowe, S., Siddall, R., and Stacey, R. “Roman Egyptian gilded cartonnage: technical study and conservation of a mummy mask from Hawara.” Barr, J., ten Berge, C.M., van Daal, J., van Oppen de Ruiter, B., “The Girl with the Golden Wreath: Four Perspectives on a Mummy Portrait” Special issue on “Ancient Mediterranean Painting” (vol. 2) Arts 8, 92 online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/8/3/92/pdf (2019) Bender Jørgensen, L. “Clavi and Non-clavi: Definitions of Various Bands on Roman Textiles,” Purpureae Vestes III. Textiles y Tintes en la ciudad antiqua. Actas del III Symposium Internacional sobre Textiles y Tintes del Mediterráneo en el mundo antiguo (Naples 2008). pp. 75-81 (2011) Bierbrier M.L., Editor, Portraits and Masks: Burial Customs in Roman Egypt, British Museum (1997) Bierbrier, M., Cartwright, C.R., Filer, J., Humphrey, S., Middleton, A. & Walker, S. “New light on ancient faces,” British Museum Magazine 27; 36-39 (1997) Borg, B., Painted Funerary Portraits. UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/7426178c (2010) Borg, B., Most, G. “The Face of the Elite.” Arion: A Journal of Humanities and the Classics, Third Series, Vol 8, No. 1. pp. 63-96 (2000) Borg, B., Mumienportraits: Chronologie und kultureller Kontext, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. Mainz (1996) Brøns, C.