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NOTORNIS Journal of the Ornithological Society of New Zealand Volume 25 Part 4 December 1978 OFFICERS 1978 - 79 President - Mr. B. D. BELL, Wildlife Service, Dept. of Internal Affairs, Private Bag, Wellington Vice-president - Mr. M. L. FALCONER, 188 Miromiro Road, Normandale, Lower Hutt Editor - Mr. B. D. HEATHER, 10 Jocelyn Crescent, Silverstrearn Treasurer - Mr. H. W. M. HOGG, P.O. Box 3011, Dunedin Secretary - Mr. H, A. BEST, Wildlife Service, Dept. of Internal Affairs, Wellington Council Members: Dr. BEN D. BELL, 45 Gurney Road, Belmont, Lower Hutt Mrs. B. BROWN, 39 Red Hill Road, Papakura Dr. P. C. BULL, 131 Waterloo Road, Lower Hutt Mr D. E. CROCKETT, 21 McMillan Avenue, Kamo, Whangarei Mr. F. C. KINSKY, 338 The Parade, Island Bay, Wellington 5 Mrs. S. M. REED, 4 Mamaku Street, Auckland 5 Mr. R. R. SUTTON, Lorneville, No. 4 R.D., Invercargill Conveners and Organisers: Rare Birds Committee (Acting): Mr. B. D. BELL Beach Patrol: Mr. C. R. VEITCH, Wildlife Service, Dept. of Internal Affairs, P.O. Box 2220, Auckland Card Committee: Mr. R. N. THOMAS, 25 Ravenswood Drive, Forest Hill, Auckland 10 Field Investigation Committee: Mr. B. D. BELL ' Librarian: Miss A. J. GOODWIN, R.D. 1, Clevedon Nest Records: Mr. D. E. CROCKETT Recording (including material for Classified Surnmarised Notes) : Mr. R. B. SIBSON, 26 Entrican Avenue, Remuera, Auckland Representative on Member Bodies' Committee of Royal Society of N.Z.: Mr. B. D. BELL Assistant Editor: Mr A. BLACKBURN, 10 Score Road, Gisborne Editor of OSNZ News: Mr P. SAGAR, 2/362 Hereford St., Christchurch SUBSCRIPTIONS AND MEMBERSHIP Annual Subscription: Ordinary membership $6; Husband/Wife member- ship $9; Life membership $120 (age over 30); Junior member- ship (age under 20) $4.50; Family membership (one Notornis er household) other members of a family living in one house iold where one is already a member $3; Institutional subscrip tions $10; overseas subscriptions $2.00 extra. Subscriptions are payable on a calendar year basis at the time of application for membership and on receipt of invoice each January. Prompt payment of subscription will ensure continued receipt of Notornis and of OSNZ News. Applications for membership, changes of address and letters of resig- nation should be sent to the Treasurer. Editorial matters ONLY should be addressed to the Editor. Exchanges and library subscriptions should be referred to the Treasurer. [Registered with the GPO, Gisborne, as a publication] ISSN 0029 .4470 CONTENTS -*- DAWSON. D . G .. DILKS. P . J .. GAZE. P . D .. McBURNEY. J . G . R .. WILSON. P . R . Seasonal differences in bird counts in forests near Reefton ...... ...... ............ 257 EDGAR. A . T . Field Study Course. Bay of Plenty. January 1978 279 LOVEGROVE. T . G . Seabird Observations between New Zealand and Fiji ...... ............ ............ ............ 291 SKINNER. J . F . Status of the Pied Tit (Petroica macrocephala toitoi) in the Waitakere Range. Auckland. 1:nterim Report 299 TARBURTON. M . K . Some Recent Observations on Seabirds Breeding in Fiji ...... .................. ............ 303 FOX. N . C . The Distribution and Numbers of New Zealand Falcons .................................... SIBSON, R . B . Classified Summarised Notes ............ Short Notes FOOKS, P . Leach's Fork-tailed Storm Petrel ...... ...... PIERCE, R . J . Feeding Methods of an Oriental Pratincole GOFFIN, 'R . B. Unusual Flock of Fairy Terns ...... ...... FLUX, J . E . C . Helpers and Scroungers at Starling Nests JUKES, W . M . Golfing Gulls ...... ............ ...... SAGAR, P . M . Australian Pelicans in Canterbury ...... LATHAM, P . C . M . Asiatic Whimbrel Catching Crabs STIDOLPH, R . Feral Barbary Doves Shedding Raindrops Letters JOHN WARHAM ........................ ...... K . WODZICKI ...... ............ .................. G . W . JOHNSTONE .............................. Corrigendum .........._ ........................ Printed by TE RAU PRESS LTD., Pel Street. Gislbrne REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES FAR NORTH: D. E. Crockett, 21 McMillan Ave., Kamo, Whangarei. NORTHLAND: 1 Ph. 50954. AUCKLAND: Mrs S. Reed, 4 Marnaku St., ~uckland5. Ph. 547784. ' SOUTH AUCKLAND: Mrs Beth Brown, 39 Red Hill Rd., Papakura. Ph. 2988157. WAIKATO: Mrs B. Seddon, 11 Grey Street, Cambridge. Ph. 7764. BAY OF PLENTY: R. M. Weston, 250 River Road, Kawerau..Ph. 8357. VOLCANIC PLATEAU: R. W. Jackson, 9 Kenrick Road, Rotorua. Ph. 86907. / GISBORNE/WAIROA: 1. C. Henley, 9 on St., Gisborne. Ph. 85181. TARANAKI: R. W. Wheeler, 307a Carrington Street, New Plymouth. Ph. 36476. MANAWATU: Dr L. J. Davies, DSIR, Private Bag, Palmerston North. Ph. 87680. HAWKES BAY: N. B. Mackenzie, Wildlife Trust, Main Road, Westshore, Napier. Ph. 59451. WAIRARAPA: Mr D. Sim, Lake Ferry, R.D. 2, Featherston. Ph. 828 Pirinoa. WANGANUI: L. C. Edlin, 5 Poutini Street, Wanganui East. WELLINGTON: M. L. Falconer, 188 Miromiro Road, Normandale, Lower Hutt. Ph. 662702. NELSON: Mrs J. Hawkins, 772 Atawhai Drive, Nelson. Ph. 30051. MARLBOROUGH: J. A. Cowie, P.O. Box 59, Kaikoura. CANTERBURY: P. Sagar, Flat 2, 362 Hereford Street, Christchurch. Ph. 895155. WEST COAST: C. S. Lauder, 9 Winnie Street, Greymouth. Ph. 6349. OTAGO: Mrs J. B. Hamel, 42 Ann Street,'Roslyn, Dunedin. Ph. 65203. SOUTHLAND: R. R. Sutton, Lorneville, No. 4 R.D., Invercargill. Ph. 358230. LITERATURE AVAl LABLE From all *bookshops: A field guide to the birds of New Zealand, by R. A. Falla, R. B. Sibson and E. G. Turbott, 2nd rev. ed. $9.25 From B. D. Heather, 10 Jocelyn Crescent, Silverstream: A biology of birds, by B. D. Heather. $1.50 From B. A. Ellis, 44 Braithwaife Street, Wellington 5: Field guide to the waders, by H. T. Condon & A. R. McGill. Post Free $1.20 From Mrs H. Hagen, 53 Minnehaha Street, Titirangi, Auckland 7: Back numbers of ' Notornis ': Parts of Vol. 1, 50c each; Vols. 2-13, $1.00 per part; Vols. 14-21, $1.50 per part; Vols. 22-, $2.20 per part. Reports and bulletins (1939-1942) OSMZ Library catalogue (1976 ed) 17 pp. D:!! Banding reports, Nos 8-14, 55c each. Kermadec Expedition, 1964, by A. T. Edgar. $0.50 Guide to Identification of Shearwaters and Petrels in Near Zealand waters (Auckland Museum), J. P. Cro~all $0.55 From P. C. Harper, 58B Baylands Drive, Newlands, Wellington: Southern albatrosses and petrels: an identification guide, by 1'. C. Harper & F. C. Kinsky, 1978 edition $5.00 From P.O. Box 1239, Wellington North: Bird distribution in N.Z. A provisional atlas. $6.00 From B. D. Bell, 9 Ferry Road, Seatoun, Wellington: OSNZ tie (mid-grey with Notornis motifs). $6.00 NOTORNIS is the journal of the Ornithological Society of New Zealand (Inc.) Editor: B. D. Heather, 10 Jocelyn Crescent, SILVERSTREAM VOLUME 25 PART 4 DECEMBER, 1978 I SEASONAL DIFFERENCES %NBIRD COUNTS IN FORESTS NEAR REEFTON, SOUTH ISLAND, NEW EE'ALANB By D. G. DAWSON, P. J. DILKS, P. D. GAZE, J. G. R. McBURNEY and P. R. WILSON ABSTRACT Birds were counted in four forest areas every second month of a year to determine broad habitat preferences of the different species and the factors affecting the numbers counted. Most species showed marked seasonal changes in conspicuousness. The differences between the numbers of birds counted by different observers were generally small compared with the differences between areas and seasons. Many species were more abundant in the valley-bottom forest than in the two hill-country forests; only a few species preferred high-altitude forest. The preferred habitat of some species changed with season. The implications of these findings for bird conservation in Westland forests are discussed. INTRODUCTION Conservation issues, such as those raised by proposals to exploit S~uthIsland beech fcrests ccmmercially (Thomson l97l), require information on the kinds and numbers of birds living in different forested areas. Dawson & Bull (1975) described what seemed a practical technique for counting birds in forests, and this paper reports the use of the technique to compare the bird populations of four forests near Reefton every second month for a year. The study had two main aims: to document broad habitat preferences and the seasonal distribution of each species of bird, and to examine the various factors influencing the numbers counted. This paper compares the areas and examines the effects of season and different observers on the numbers counted. A preliminary examination indicates that weather, noise (produced by running water, traffic, cicadas, ctc.) and hour of day were not significant in the differences that ~ccurred. 258 DAWSGN et at. NCTCRNIS 25 FIGURE 1 - The location of the four study areas. STUDY AREAS AND METHODS Four study areas were selected (Fig. 1). Two represent the main hill-country "types" (as mapped by the Naticnal Forest Survey, Masters kt ~1.1957) of the forests proposed for conversion to exotics or beech management in the West Coast Beech Utilisation Scheme (Thcmson 1971; N.Z. Fored Service staff, Reefton, pers. comm.). These were at Recfton Saddle (type PB5: 310-430 ,m a.s.1.) and at Te Wharau (type PB15: 300-420 m a.s.1.). The third area, type PB1, sampled zt Fletcher Creek (230 m a.s.l.), is a remnant of the type of SEASONAL DIFFERENCES IN BIRD COUNTS 2 59 Fletcher Creek Reefton Saddle Te Wharau Rahu Saddle Rimu -. Miro .- 8 -- Yellow silver pine . -. Kahikatea - - Hall's totara - - Southern rata - - .. Broadleaf - - . -. Pseudopanax spp. - - . - *. - . -. Stinkwood - - 0. -- Horopito - . a .- Rohutu - - 0 . o &,sine dbarkata - - Mingimingi -. o Coprosma 'colensoi - - . ~et&ideros dfisa .- t . -- Astelia nema -. -. -- .- Lawyer - - o -- .- ..
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    FREE OFFICIAL VISITOR GUIDE www.thecoromandel.com Coromandel Harbour THE COROMANDEL There are many beautiful places in the world, only a few can be described as truly special. With a thousand natural hideaways to enjoy, gorgeous beaches, dramatic rainforests, friendly people and fantastic fresh food The Coromandel experience is truly unique and not to be missed. The Coromandel, New Zealanders’ favourite destination, is within an hour and a half drive of the major centres of Auckland and Hamilton and their International Airports, and yet the region is a world away from the hustle and bustle of city life. Drive, sail or fly to The Coromandel and bunk down on nature’s doorstep while catching up with locals who love to show you why The Coromandel is good for your soul. CONTENTS Regional Map 4 - 5 Our Towns 6 - 15 Our Region 16 - 26 Walks 27 - 32 3 On & Around the Water 33 - 40 Other Activities 41 - 48 Homegrown Cuisine 49 - 54 Tours & Transport 55 - 57 Accommodation 59 - 70 Events 71 - 73 Local Radio Stations 74 DISCLAIMER: While all care has been taken in preparing this publication, Destination Coromandel accepts no responsibility for any errors, omissions or the offers or details of operator listings. Prices, timetables and other details or terms of business may change without notice. Published Oct 2015. Destination Coromandel PO Box 592, Thames, New Zealand P 07 868 0017 F 07 868 5986 E [email protected] W www.thecoromandel.com Cover Photo: Northern Coromandel CAPE COLVILLE Fletcher Bay PORT JACKSON Stony Bay The Coromandel ‘Must Do’s’ MOEHAU RANG Sandy Bay Fantail Bay Cathedral Cove PORT CHARLES Hot Water Beach E The Pinnacles Karangahake Gorge Waik New Chum Beach Otautu Bay Hauraki Rail Trail Gold Discovery COLVILLE plus so much more..
  • Tree Ferns: Monophyletic Groups and Their Relationships As Revealed by Four Protein-Coding Plastid Loci

    Tree Ferns: Monophyletic Groups and Their Relationships As Revealed by Four Protein-Coding Plastid Loci

    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39 (2006) 830–845 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Tree ferns: Monophyletic groups and their relationships as revealed by four protein-coding plastid loci Petra Korall a,b,¤, Kathleen M. Pryer a, Jordan S. Metzgar a, Harald Schneider c, David S. Conant d a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA b Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden c Albrecht-von-Haller Institute für PXanzenwissenschaften, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany d Natural Science Department, Lyndon State College, Lyndonville, VT 05851, USA Received 3 October 2005; revised 22 December 2005; accepted 2 January 2006 Available online 14 February 2006 Abstract Tree ferns are a well-established clade within leptosporangiate ferns. Most of the 600 species (in seven families and 13 genera) are arbo- rescent, but considerable morphological variability exists, spanning the giant scaly tree ferns (Cyatheaceae), the low, erect plants (Plagiogy- riaceae), and the diminutive endemics of the Guayana Highlands (Hymenophyllopsidaceae). In this study, we investigate phylogenetic relationships within tree ferns based on analyses of four protein-coding, plastid loci (atpA, atpB, rbcL, and rps4). Our results reveal four well-supported clades, with genera of Dicksoniaceae (sensu Kubitzki, 1990) interspersed among them: (A) (Loxomataceae, (Culcita, Pla- giogyriaceae)), (B) (Calochlaena, (Dicksonia, Lophosoriaceae)), (C) Cibotium, and (D) Cyatheaceae, with Hymenophyllopsidaceae nested within. How these four groups are related to one other, to Thyrsopteris, or to Metaxyaceae is weakly supported. Our results show that Dicksoniaceae and Cyatheaceae, as currently recognised, are not monophyletic and new circumscriptions for these families are needed. © 2006 Elsevier Inc.