DOCSLIB.ORG

Short Note Didymoplexis Flexipes J.J. Sm. (Orchidaceae), a New Record for Thailand

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Short Note Didymoplexis Flexipes J.J. Sm. (Orchidaceae), a New Record for Thailand The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 8(2): 210-212, October 2008 ©2008 by Chulalongkorn University Short Note Didymoplexis flexipes J.J. Sm. (Orchidaceae), A New Record for Thailand SAHUT CHANTANAORRAPINT1*, CHUMPOL KHUNWASI2, MANIT KIDYOO2 AND PARINYANOOT KLINRATANA2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand. 2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. An addition to the orchid flora of The present study is based on specimens Thailand, Didymoplexis flexipes J.J. Sm., collected from Khao Nan National Park, is a newly recorded species for Thailand. Nakhorn Si Thammarat Province, This species as found in Thailand is Peninsular Thailand (CK-KNP 070, BCU). described and illustrated. Determinations were made using the key to species of Didymoplexis in Smith (1921)4 The genus Didymoplexis Griff. and Comber (1990). (Orchidaceae) is comprised of 12 species The morphological characters of the which are widely distributed from tropical Didymoplexis specimen (CK-KNP 070, South Africa and Madagascar to the BCU) matched well with the key and Pacific1. All species of the genus are description of D. flexipes J.J. Sm. in Smith mycotrophic herbs, growing among (1921) and Comber (1990). Accordingly, D. accumulations of leaf litter or at the base of flexipes J.J. Sm. is a new record for large clumps of grasses. They have been Thailand. The description below is based on collected from sea level to approximately the Thai materials. A key to the species of 1,000 m. altitude. Several species from Java the genus Didymoplexis in Thailand is appear to be most common in bamboo suggested below. forest2. Previously, Seidenfaden (1978)3 reported only one species of Didymoplexis Key to the species in Thailand, namely D. pallens Griff. 1. Lip with yellow band and callus along During a botanical trip to Khao Nan the middle part; margins of lip entire; National Park, Nakhorn Si Thammarat claw of lip indistinct………… D. pallens Province, Peninsular Thailand, in May 1. Lip without yellow band and callus 2006, D. flexipes was found which is a new along the middle part; margins of lip species record for Thailand. slightly erose; claw of lip distinct, with small bilobed appendage…… D. flexipes * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] CHANTANAORRAPINT ET AL. – DIDYMOPLEXIS FLEXIPES, A NEW RECORD 211 FIGURE 1. Didymoplexis flexipes J.J.Sm.: A. habit; B-C. flowers, B. front view, C. side view; D. flower without lateral sepals; E. dorsal sepal connate with petals; F. lateral sepals; G. column; H. column with lip; I. lip. Drawn by Sahut Chantanaorrapint from CK-KNP 070 (BCU). 212 NAT. HIST. J. CHULALONGKORN UNIV. 8(2), OCTOBER 2008 Didymoplexis flexipes J.J. Sm. Note.– Didymoplexis flexipes has Figure 1. previously been reported only from Java in Indonesia2,4. This species is distinct from Didymoplexis flexipes J.J. Sm., Bull. other species of Didymoplexis in having a Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 3: 250. 1921; small bilobed appendage on the claw of lip, J. B. Comber, Orch. Java: 83. 1990. and the margin of lip all rounded and faintly erose. Plant terrestrial, mycotrophic. Rhizome fleshy, irregularly cylindrical to fusiform ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS tubers, ca. 3.5 cm long, 0.2–0.6 cm diam. Inflorescence erect, to 12 cm tall, bearing The authors would like to thank Assoc. few flowers opening successively, only one Prof. Dr. Obchant Thaithong, Department flower at a time; scape gray, fleshy. Bract of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chula- ovate-triangular, 1.5–3.0 mm long, apex longkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, acute. Pedicels slender, ca. 0.5 cm long. for her valuable comments on the first draft Flower whitish-brown, ca. 1.3 cm long of the manuscript. This work was supported including ovary. Sepals and petals connoted, by the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for forming a bilabiate appearance; upper half Biodiversity Research and Training and PTT subquadrate, slightly hooded, formed from Company Limited grant BRT R_149003. the connation between petals and dorsal sepal; apex 3–lobed, lobe ca. 1.5 mm long; lower half oblong-orbicular, deeply split LITERATURE CITED from the upper half, apex deeply bilobed, rounded, each lobe ca. 2.5 mm long, 1. Seidenfaden, G. and Wood, J. J. 1992. The orchids of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Olsen and slightly overlapping, basal part more or less Olsen, Fredensborg, Danmark. gibbous. Lip white, subquadrangular ca. 4 2. Comber, J. B. 1990. Orchids of Java. Bentham- mm long, 6 mm broad, attached at column Moxon Trust, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. foot; apex truncate, slightly recurved, lateral 3. Seidenfaden, G. 1978. Orchid genera in Thailand 6. Neottioideae Lindl. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv, 32: 1- margin faintly erosed; base with short claw 195. and small bilobed appendage. Column 4. Smith, J. J. 1921. Die Orchideen von Java. slightly curved, slender, ca. 0.4 cm long, Sechster Nachtrag. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de without wing. Anther cap cucullate, smooth. Buitenzorg, ser. III, 3: 227-333. Pollinia coarsely granulate. Stigma rounded. Received: 10 June 2008 Fruit not seen. Accepted: 15 August 2008 Thailand.– Peninsular: Nakhorn Si Thammarat [Khao Nan National Park, CK- KNP 070 (BCU)]. Distribution.– Indonesia (West Java), Thailand (Peninsular). Ecology.– Growing on humus, under shade of mossy forest, ca. 1,200 m altitude. Flowering in May. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogeny, Character Evolution and the Systematics of Psilochilus (Triphoreae)
    THE PRIMITIVE EPIDENDROIDEAE (ORCHIDACEAE): PHYLOGENY, CHARACTER EVOLUTION AND THE SYSTEMATICS OF PSILOCHILUS (TRIPHOREAE) A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Erik Paul Rothacker, M.Sc. ***** The Ohio State University 2007 Doctoral Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. John V. Freudenstein, Adviser Dr. John Wenzel ________________________________ Dr. Andrea Wolfe Adviser Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology Graduate Program COPYRIGHT ERIK PAUL ROTHACKER 2007 ABSTRACT Considering the significance of the basal Epidendroideae in understanding patterns of morphological evolution within the subfamily, it is surprising that no fully resolved hypothesis of historical relationships has been presented for these orchids. This is the first study to improve both taxon and character sampling. The phylogenetic study of the basal Epidendroideae consisted of two components, molecular and morphological. A molecular phylogeny using three loci representing each of the plant genomes including gap characters is presented for the basal Epidendroideae. Here we find Neottieae sister to Palmorchis at the base of the Epidendroideae, followed by Triphoreae. Tropidieae and Sobralieae form a clade, however the relationship between these, Nervilieae and the advanced Epidendroids has not been resolved. A morphological matrix of 40 taxa and 30 characters was constructed and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. The results support many of the traditional views of tribal composition, but do not fully resolve relationships among many of the tribes. A robust hypothesis of relationships is presented based on the results of a total evidence analysis using three molecular loci, gap characters and morphology. Palmorchis is placed at the base of the tree, sister to Neottieae, followed successively by Triphoreae sister to Epipogium, then Sobralieae.
    [Show full text]
  • J.F. Veldkamp (Continued from Page 104)
    BIBLIOGRAPHY: BRYOPHYTES 165 XVI. Bibliography J.F. Veldkamp (continued from page 104) * Books have been marked with an asterisk. BRYOPHYTES AKIYAMA, H. 1988. Studies onLeucodon (Leucodontaceae, Musci)and related genera in East Asia III. Notes on the systematic position of Pterogonium. Acta Phytotax. Geo- bot. 39: 73-82, 4 fig. — To Isobryales near Anomodon. ASAKAWA, Y. 1988. Chemicalevolution of mono- and sesquiterpenoids ofliverworts. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 97-108, 16 fig. BISCHLER, H. 1989. MarchantiaL.: subg. Chlamidium (Nees) Bischl. sect. Papillatae Bischl. sect. nov. en Asie et en Ocianie. Cryptog., Bryol. Lichenol. 10: 61-79, 9 fig, 3 tab. (In French, Engl. summ.). — Marchantia emarginata group, 2 species, 5 sub- species. - — 1988. Marchantiapaleacea Bertol. Karyotype analysis. Beih. Nova Hedw. 90 (1988) 95-100, 2 fig, 1 tab. — 1988. Relationships in the order Marchantiales (Hepaticae). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 47-57, 3 tab. BUCK, W.R. 1988. Another view ofthe familial delimitationofthe Hookeriales. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 29-36,1 fig. — 5 families; key; descriptions. CAP, T. & C. GAO. 1988. Studies ofChinese bryophytes. (2). Trematodon Michx. (Mus- ci, Dicranaceae). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 65: 323-334, 6 fig, 1 tab. — 2 species, 1 Male- sian; descriptions. CATCHESIDE, D.G. 1988. The mosses of the Northern territory, Australia. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 11: 1-17, 4 — 95 54 new records, fig. species, keys to some genera. CHANDRA, V., et al. 1987. Calobryales: Distribution andphytogeographical discussion. Geophytology 17: 227-232, 1 map. * EDDY, A. 1988. A handbook ofMalesian mosses. 1. Sphagnales to Dicranales. iii, 204 165 British London. ISBN 0-567-01038-7.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Checklist of the Orchids of Sri Lanka, by Fernando And
    Rheedea Vol. 18(1) 1-28 2008 An Annotated Checklist of the Orchids of Sri Lanka 1 Samantha Suranjan Fernando and Paul Ormerod Post Graduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. E-mail: [email protected] 1P.O. Box 8210, Cairns 4870, Queensland, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A general description of Sri Lanka and its bioclimatic zones are presented. The history of the Island’s orchid taxonomy is briefly reviewed. An updated checklist is presented for the country’s orchid flora using recent information. New species, new records and nomenclatural changes from previous lists are annotated with appropriate references. This work lists 188 species belonging to 78 genera with one endemic genus (Adrorhizon Hook. f.) and 55 endemic species. A new name, Bulbophyllum jayaweerae Fernando et Ormerod, is proposed for Cirrhopetalum roseum Jayaweera. Illegitimacy of the name Saccolabium virescens Gardner ex Lindl. is discussed and this species is described as a new taxon, Robiquetia virescens Ormerod et Fernando. Keywords: Sri Lanka, Orchids, Bulbophyllum jayaweerae, Robiquetia virescens, New name, New taxon Introduction Sri Lanka is a pear shaped island in the Indian Ocean lying in the southern tip of the Indian Peninsula (Fig. 1). It lies between 5° 55’ - 9°51’ North latitudes and 79° 41’ - 81°54’ East longitudes and covers a total area of 65,609.8 km² consisting of 64,453.6 km² of land area and 1,156. 2 km² of inland waters. The island has a maximum length of about 435 km and a maximum width of about 225 km.
    [Show full text]
  • Gastrodia Madagascariensis (Gastrodieae, Orchidaceae): from an Historical Designation to a Description of a New Species from Madagascar
    Phytotaxa 221 (1): 048–056 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.4 Gastrodia madagascariensis (Gastrodieae, Orchidaceae): from an historical designation to a description of a new species from Madagascar FLORENT MARTOS, STEVEN D. JOHNSON & BENNY BYTEBIER School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Gastrodia madagascariensis, a leafless achlorophyllous orchid, is described and illustrated here. The epithet was originally coined by Perrier de la Bâthie in 1939 for fruiting material found on the eastern coastal plain of Madagascar more than a century ago, but the name was never validly published. This new species is closely related to G. similis from Reunion Island, from which it can be distinguished by the perianth tube spreading towards the apex, the shape of the column and stigma, and the flower colour. The achlorophyllous genus Gastrodia currently comprises five species in the tropical parts of the Afro-Madagascan region, one of which, G. africana, is possibly extinct. We provide an artificial key to distinguish them. In addition, there is also an extratropical species in continental Africa, the introduced G. sesamoides (very local near Cape Town, South Africa). Keywords: Didymoplexis; Flora of Madagascar; myco-heterotrophy; Perrier de la Bâthie Résumé Gastrodia madagascariensis, une orchidée aphylle non-chlorophyllienne, est décrite et illustrée ici. L’épithète fut initiale- ment proposé par Perrier de la Bâthie en 1939 pour décrire une plante en fruit trouvée dans la même région côtière de Madagascar il y a plus d’un siècle, mais sa publication était alors invalide.
    [Show full text]
  • Network Scan Data
    Selbyana 26(1,2): 75-80. 2005. CONSERVATION AND REINTRODUCTION OF THE NATIVE ORCHIDS OF SINGAPORE TIM WING Y AM* AND AUNG THAME Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569 Singapore. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Some 221 species of native orchids have been recorded in Singapore. Of these, however, ca. 170 orchid species are considered to be extinct, and only four are viewed as common. The orchid conser­ vation program at the Singapore Botanic Gardens aims to monitor these species, to explore ways to conserve their germplasm, and to increase their number for subsequent reintroduction into appropriate habitats, including managed parks and roadsides. Thus far, we have successfully reintroduced Grammatophyllum speciosum, Bulbophyllum vaginatum, and Bulbophyllum membranaceum. Recently, we initiated the Orchid Cryo-Seed Bank Project, and have managed to successfully store seeds of four native species. They are Dendrobium crumenatum, Spathoglottis plicata, Bulbophyllum vaginatum, and Dendrobium anosmun. Key words: conservation, reintroduction, seed bank, Singapore, native, orchids INTRODUCTION METHODS: HABITS AND HABITATS Singapore is located at ca. 1° north of the Native orchids in Singapore can be divided by plant habit into two main groups: epiphytes and equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Pen­ terrestrials. They also can be grouped according insula between the South China Sea and the In­ to habitat, including open areas, semi-shade, and dian Ocean. The nation consists of the main is­ low-sunlight forest floors. land of Singapore and 58 nearby islands. The total land area is ca. 690 km2• The whole island consists of mostly lowland. The highest point is Epiphytes at Bukit Timah, which reaches an elevation of No other genus better illustrates the epiphytic 165 m.
    [Show full text]
  • New Combinations in the Genus Didymoplexis (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Gastrodieae), with a New Variety of D
    Phytotaxa 388 (2): 174–178 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.4 New combinations in the genus Didymoplexis (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Gastrodieae), with a new variety of D. siamensis from Amami-Oshima Island, Japan KENJI SUETSUGU1 & TIAN-CHUAN HSU2 1Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; E-mail: [email protected] 2Botanical Garden Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, No. 53, Nanhai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan The mycoheterotrophic orchid genera Didymoplexiella Garay (1955: 33) and Didymoplexis Griffith (1844: 383) include seven and ca. 20 species, respectively (Averyanov 2011, Hu et al. 2014, Tsukaya et al. 2014, Suetsugu et al. 2017). Didymoplexiella is similar in both habit and floral appearance to Didymoplexis, with which it was considered congeneric by some earlier authors (Smith 1920, Holttum 1953). However, modern taxonomists generally agreed that Didymoplexiella species can be distinguished from Didymoplexis species by the presence of a pair of long recurved stelidia on the tip of the column and the absence of a distinct column foot (Garay 1954, Seidenfaden 1978, Seidenfaden & Wood 1992, Su 2000, Comber 2001, Jin et al. 2004, Pridgeon et al. 2005, Tsukaya et al. 2005, 2014, Chen et al. 2009, Rojchana-Umpawan et al. 2014, Yokota et al. 2016). In May 2018, an unknown mycoheterotrophic orchid was discovered in Amami-Oshima Island, Japan. In general morphology, this orchid is nearly identical to Didymoplexiella siamensis (Rolfe ex Downie 1925: 416) Seidenfaden (1972: 99) distributed from Thailand to Taiwan (Hu et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Recollection of Didymoplexis Micradenia (Rchb.F.) Hemsl
    ISSN (E): 2349 – 1183 ISSN (P): 2349 – 9265 4(2): 332–334, 2017 DOI: 10.22271/tpr.201 7.v4.i2 .044 Short communication Recollection of Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb. f.) Hemsl. (Orchidaceae) from Western Javan populations Wendy A. Mustaqim*1, Dimas H. Pradana2, Reza Saputra1 and Margi Hartanto1 1Organisasi Mahasiswa Pecinta Tumbuhan (OMPT) Canopy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java *Corresponding Author: [email protected] [Accepted: 26 August 2017] [Cite as: Mustaqim WA, Pradana DH, Saputra R & Hartanto M (2017) Recollection of Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb. f.) Hemsl. (Orchidaceae) from Western Javan populations. Tropical Plant Research 4(2): 332–334] Didymoplexis Griff. is a genus of mycoheterotrophic orchids which consists of about 20 species. The genus is widely distributed in the Old World tropics (Cribb & Whistler 2011). Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb. f.) Hemsl. is one of the species which occur in Java. The first record of this species in Java was made by Smith (1900) under the new species discovery, namely Didymoplexis minor J.J. Sm. He mentioned the Buitenzorg (now Bogor) as the locality. This information also has been used by him in his further treatment of the orchids of Java, Die Orchideen von Java (Smith 1905). A year before the time Comber (1990) published the latest comprehensive account of the orchids in Java, Didymoplexis minor has been listed as a synonym of Didimoplexis micradenia by Lewis & Cribb (1989). The latest state has been used by many recent authors, including Hsu & Chung (2007), Cribb & Whistler (2011) and last by Phueakkhlai et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Didymoplexis Micradenia: a Newly Recorded Orchid (Orchidaceae) in Taiwan
    Taiwania, 52(4): 360-364, 2007 Didymoplexis micradenia: A Newly Recorded Orchid (Orchidaceae) in Taiwan Tien-Chuan Hsu(1) and Shih-Wen Chung(2,3) (Manuscript received 1 June, 2007; accepted 5 September, 2007) ABSTRACT: Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb. f.) Hemsl. was recently found to be a new record of Didymoplexis Griffith in Taiwan. It is similar to D. pallens Griff. except that it is characterized by a smaller flower, very short column foot, and lip apical margin that is minutely denticulate. The description and illustration of D. micradenia and a key of Didymoplexis in Taiwan are provided in the present work. KEY WORDS: Orchidaceae, Didymoplexis micradenia, new record, Taiwan, Taxonomy. INTRODUCTION TAXONOMIC TREATMENT Didymoplexis (Orchidaceae) is a small genus Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb.f.) Hemsl., J. Linn. containing approximately 20 species found in Soc. Bot. 20: 311, 1883; Lewis & Cribb, Orch. tropical Africa, Madagascar, Southeast Asia, India, Vanuatu 1989: 24 －Type: Ovalau, Fiji, Seemann Pacific Islands, North Australia, and north to the 610 (holo. W; iso, K) 小鬼蘭 Figs. 1-3 Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan (Su, 2000; Pridgeon et al., 2005). Like other genera classified within Epiphanes micradenia Rchb. f. Seem. Fl. Vit. 295, Gastrodieae (Pridgeon et al., 2005), Didymoplexis 1868. species are all small saprophytic, achlorophylous Didymoplexis minor J. J. Sm., Bull. Inst. Bot. Buit. plants and emerge aboveground only when flowering 7: 1, 1900; Smith, Die Orchideen von Java. f. and fruiting. They are often neglected by field LIII ; Comber, Orch. Java 1990: 83. investigators because of their inconspicuous growth Leafless and achlorophyllous terrestrial herbs. habits and limited flowering seasons.
    [Show full text]
  • VERHANDLUNGEN Des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg
    VERHANDLUNGEN des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg NF 47 | 2013 Schriftleitung Dr. Schmidt-Rhaesa, Hamburg Sonderdruck GOECKE & EVERS Verh. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg NF 47 | 2013 Page 5–251 5 Matthias Schultz | Hamburg The Orchid Types of the Herbarium Hamburgense (HBG) Keywords herbarium, orchids, types Abstract An inventory of Orchidaceae type specimens kept in the Herbarium Hamburgense (HBG) of the University of Hamburg is presented. 1034 verified type specimens have been located. These represent 172 genera, 805 species and 34 infraspecific entities at subspecies (2), variety (30) or form (2) level. Additionally, 65 sheets marked as types representing 60 putatively unpublished names are listed in an appendix. Collection data as well as type status and synonyms are provided. References are made to electro- nic resources providing access to full collection metadata as well as high resolution images. Author’s Address Matthias Schultz, Herbarium Hamburgense, Biocenter Klein-Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, email: [email protected] 6 NF 47 | 2013 Matthias Schultz Introduction The Orchidaceae is the largest of the monocot plant families. It is cosmopolitan, but the diversity is highest in the tropics. The family comprises almost 800 genera and more than 20.000 species (Mabberley 2008). Many orchids have been – and still are – much esteemed for their showiness and the Orchidaceae is certainly one of the most important horticultural plant families. Hamburg was the “continental centre of orchi- domania” during the middle of the 19th century second only to the United Kingdom, the global centre of the exaggerated passion for orchids at that time (Poppendieck 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific
    Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific Craig Costion School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA 5005 Thesis by publication submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology July 2011 ABSTRACT This thesis advances plant biodiversity knowledge in three separate bioregions, Micronesia, the Queensland Wet Tropics, and South Australia. A systematic treatment of the endemic flora of Micronesia is presented for the first time thus advancing alpha taxonomy for the Micronesia-Polynesia biodiversity hotspot region. The recognized species boundaries are used in combination with all known botanical collections as a basis for assessing the degree of threat for the endemic plants of the Palau archipelago located at the western most edge of Micronesia’s Caroline Islands. A preliminary assessment is conducted utilizing the IUCN red list Criteria followed by a new proposed alternative methodology that enables a degree of threat to be established utilizing existing data. Historical records and archaeological evidence are reviewed to establish the minimum extent of deforestation on the islands of Palau since the arrival of humans. This enabled a quantification of population declines of the majority of plants endemic to the archipelago. In the state of South Australia, the importance of establishing concepts of endemism is emphasized even further. A thorough scientific assessment is presented on the state’s proposed biological corridor reserve network. The report highlights the exclusion from the reserve system of one of the state’s most important hotspots of plant endemism that is highly threatened from habitat fragmentation and promotes the use of biodiversity indices to guide conservation priorities in setting up reserve networks.
    [Show full text]
  • Orchid Research Newsletter No. 29
    Orchid Research Newsletter No. 71 January 2018 "All science is either physics or stamp collecting." This statement, attributed to Ernest Rutherford, is perhaps my favourite example of the either-or fallacy. Science is either physics or stamp collecting. Rather condescending towards a field like biology, isn't it? Perhaps we should be grateful that 'stamp collecting' is still allowed to hide under the Science umbrella. But nonsense is nonsense, whatever the reputation of the person who said it. For what we have here is a false dilemma. It's not a matter of either-or. 'Physics' and 'stamp collecting' are more like two extremes of a continuum (and I would suggest that pure mathematics rather than physics occupies one extremity). All science is a mixture of observation, classification, induction and deduction, in various proportions. Even Rutherford's own field of particle physics has an element of stamp collecting in it. Is there so much difference between classifying and describing subatomic particles and classifying and describing orchids? It seems to me that the main difference lies in the difficulty of making observations. It can be enormously complicated and expensive to observe an elementary particle, whereas observing an orchid requires at most a decent microscope (admittedly, finding the orchid in the first place can be challenging). Nor is it the case that the physicist's particles are embedded in a theory and the species of the biologist are not. I would argue that species are theoretical constructs almost as much as electrons and Higgs bosons are. Species exist in space and time; we can never observe them directly in all their aspects.
    [Show full text]
  • Structuration Écologique Et Évolutive Des Symbioses
    Structuration ´ecologiqueet ´evolutive des symbioses mycorhiziennes des orchid´eestropicales Florent Martos To cite this version: Florent Martos. Structuration ´ecologiqueet ´evolutive des symbioses mycorhiziennes des or- chid´eestropicales. Biologie v´eg´etale. Universit´ede la R´eunion,2010. Fran¸cais. <NNT : 2010LARE0019>. <tel-00732894> HAL Id: tel-00732894 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732894 Submitted on 17 Sep 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. Universit´ede La R´eunion – Ecole´ doctorale Sciences Technologie Sant´e– Facult´edes Sciences et des Technologies Structuration ´ecologique et ´evolutive des symbioses mycorhiziennes des orchid´ees tropicales Th`ese de doctorat pr´esent´ee et soutenue publiquement le 19 novembre 2010 pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de l’Universit´ede la R´eunion (sp´ecialit´eBiologie des Populations et Ecologie)´ par Florent Martos Composition du jury Pr´esidente : Mme Pascale Besse, Professeur `al’Universit´ede La R´eunion Rapporteurs : Mme Marie-Louise Cariou, Directrice de recherche au CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette M. Raymond Tremblay, Professeur `al’Universit´ede Porto Rico Examinatrice : Mme Pascale Besse, Professeur `al’Universit´ede La R´eunion Directeurs : M.
    [Show full text]