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Dry After-Ripening, Light, Cold Stratification and Temperature Effects on Seed Germination of Primula Poissonii from Yunnan, China
Peng, Hu, Sun and Li (2019). Seed Science and Technology, 47, 3, 301-306. https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2019.47.3.05 Research Note Dry after-ripening, light, cold stratification and temperature effects on seed germination of Primula poissonii from Yunnan, China Deli Peng 1, Xiaojian Hu3, Hang Sun2 and Zhimin Li1* 1 School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China 2 Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 3 National Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China * Authors for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected]) (Submitted June 2019; Accepted August 2019; Published online October 2019) Abstract Primula poissonii, an attractive wild plant growing in the subalpine/alpine region of southwest China, has low seed germination in cultivation. This study attempted to improve seed germination by testing the effect of several treatments including dry after-ripening (DAR), light, cold stratification (CS) and temperature gradient treatments. DAR increased germination at 15/5 and 25/15°C, as compared with fresh seeds. DAR seeds germinated significantly better (˃ 80%) at higher temperatures (20-28°C) than at lower (10°C, < 20%; 15°C, < 30%) and extreme high temperatures (30°C, < 55%; 32°C, 0%). Incubation at alternating temperature (25/15°C) did not significantly improve germination; whereas at 15/5°C germination increased significantly, compared with the corresponding constant temperature (20 and 10°C, respectively). DAR seeds had a strict light requirement at all temperatures. -
Forenames Surname Relationship Status Marriedfor Gender Age YOB
Forenames Surname Relationship Status MarriedFor Gender Age YOB POB Occupation County Address Parish RegDist Hd No Absalom James YEO Head Married M 35 1876 Okehampton Devon Mason Devonshire White Horse Court Okehampton Devon Esb Missing Okehampton 3 1 Absalom John YEO Son M 5 1906 Okehampton Devon School Devonshire White Horse Court Okehampton Devon Esb Missing Okehampton 3 6 Ada YEO Sister Single F 45 1866 Devon Northam Housekeeper Devonshire Mt Dinham St Davids Exeter Exeter 8 2 Ada YEO Wife Married 17 years F 40 1871 Glamorgan Cardiff Glamorganshire 32 Fairfield Avenue Cardiff Cardiff 14 2 Ada RYDER Servant Widow F 38 1873 Malborough Devon Housemaid Devonshire Welby Tavistock Road Devonport Devonport Devonport 95 5 Ada YEO Wife Married 18 years F 35 1876 London Devonshire 12 Beach Road Hele Ilfracombe Ilfracombe Barnstaple 9 2 Ada YEO Wife Married 6 years F 33 1878 Clovelly Devon Glamorganshire 10 Bishop ST Cardiff Cardiff 15 2 Ada YEO Daughter Married 4 years F 27 1884 Kingston on Thames Surrey 76 Canbury Avenue Kingston‐On Thames Kingston on Thames Kingston 5 4 Ada YEO Daughter Single F 25 1886 London Poplar Clerk Merchant Essex 79 Kingston Road Ilford Ilford Romford 7 4 Ada YEO Daughter Single F 22 1889 London Southwark Sewing Machinist Blouses London 40 Rowfant Road Wandsworth Borough Wandsworth 4 7 Ada DUMMETT Servant Single F 18 1893 Devon Berrynarbor General Servant Domestic Devonshire Wescott Barton Marwood Barnstaple Marwood Barnstaple 740 5 Ada DAVIS Servant Single F 17 1894 Alfreton Derbyshire General Servant Domestic Derbyshire -
Environmental Protection Final Draft Report
Environmental Protection Final Draft Report ANNUAL CLASSIFICATION OF RIVER WATER QUALITY 1992: NUMBERS OF SAMPLES EXCEEDING THE QUALITY STANDARD June 1993 FWS/93/012 Author: R J Broome Freshwater Scientist NRA C.V.M. Davies National Rivers Authority Environmental Protection Manager South West R egion ANNUAL CLASSIFICATION OF RIVER WATER QUALITY 1992: NUMBERS OF SAMPLES EXCEEDING TOE QUALITY STANDARD - FWS/93/012 This report shows the number of samples taken and the frequency with which individual determinand values failed to comply with National Water Council river classification standards, at routinely monitored river sites during the 1992 classification period. Compliance was assessed at all sites against the quality criterion for each determinand relevant to the River Water Quality Objective (RQO) of that site. The criterion are shown in Table 1. A dashed line in the schedule indicates no samples failed to comply. This report should be read in conjunction with Water Quality Technical note FWS/93/005, entitled: River Water Quality 1991, Classification by Determinand? where for each site the classification for each individual determinand is given, together with relevant statistics. The results are grouped in catchments for easy reference, commencing with the most south easterly catchments in the region and progressing sequentially around the coast to the most north easterly catchment. ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 110221i i i H i m NATIONAL RIVERS AUTHORITY - 80UTH WEST REGION 1992 RIVER WATER QUALITY CLASSIFICATION NUMBER OF SAMPLES (N) AND NUMBER -
Farinose Alpine Primula Species: Phytochemical and Morphological Investigations
Phytochemistry 98 (2014) 151–159 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Phytochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/phytochem Farinose alpine Primula species: Phytochemical and morphological investigations Paola S. Colombo a,e, Guido Flamini b, Michael S. Christodoulou c, Graziella Rodondi d, Sara Vitalini a,e, ⇑ Daniele Passarella c, Gelsomina Fico a,e, a Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy b Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Pisa, via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy c Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy d Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano,via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy e Orto Botanico G.E. Ghirardi, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Religione 25, Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy article info abstract Article history: This work investigated the epicuticular and tissue flavonoids, the volatiles and the glandular trichome Received 30 July 2013 structure of the leaves of four species of Primula L. that grow in the Italian Eastern Alps. Primula albenensis Received in revised form 20 November 2013 Banfi and Ferlinghetti, P. auricula L., P. farinosa L., P. halleri Gmelin produce farinose exudates that are Available online 14 December 2013 deposited on the leaf surface as filamentous crystalloids. In addition to compounds already known, a new flavone, the 3,5-dihydroxyflavone, was isolated from the Keywords: acetone extract of leaf farinas and three new flavonol glycosides, 30-O-(b-galactopyranosyl)-20-hydroxyf- Primula albenensis, P. auricula, P. farinosa, P. lavone, isorhamnetin 3-O-a-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?3)-O-[a-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?6)]-O-b-galactopyran- halleri oside, quercetin 3-O- -rhamnopyranosyl-(1?3)-O-[ -rhamnopyranosyl-(1?6)]-O-b-galactopyranoside, Primulaceae a a Phytochemistry were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves. -
(Dr. Sc. Nat.) Vorgelegt Der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftl
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2012 Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-88785 Dissertation Originally published at: de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel. Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae. 2012, University of Zurich, Facultyof Science. FLOWERS, SEX, AND DIVERSITY. REPRODUCTIVE-ECOLOGICAL AND MACRO-EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF FLORAL VARIATION IN THE PRIMROSE FAMILY, PRIMULACEAE Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr. sc. nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Jurriaan Michiel de Vos aus den Niederlanden Promotionskomitee Prof. Dr. Elena Conti (Vorsitz) Prof. Dr. Antony B. Wilson Dr. Colin E. Hughes Zürich, 2013 !!"#$"#%! "#$%&$%'! (! )*'+,,&$-+''*$.! /! '0$#1'2'! 3! "4+1%&5!26!!"#"$%&'(#)$*+,-)(*#! 77! "4+1%&5!226!-*#)$%.)(#!'&*#!/'%#+'.0*$)/)"$1'(12%-).'*3'0")"$*.)4&4'*#' "5*&,)(*#%$4'+(5"$.(3(-%)(*#'$%)".'(#'+%$6(#7.'2$(1$*.".! 89! "4+1%&5!2226!.1%&&'%#+',!&48'%'9,%#)()%)(5":'-*12%$%)(5"'"5%&,%)(*#'*3' )0"';."&3(#!'.4#+$*1"<'(#'0")"$*.)4&*,.'%#+'0*1*.)4&*,.'2$(1$*.".! 93! "4+1%&5!2:6!$"2$*+,-)(5"'(12&(-%)(*#.'*3'0"$=*!%14'(#'0*1*.)4&*,.' 2$(1$*.".>'5%$(%)(*#'+,$(#!'%#)0".(.'%#+'$"2$*+,-)(5"'%..,$%#-"'(#' %&2(#"'"#5($*#1"#).! 7;7! "4+1%&5!:6!204&*!"#")(-'%#%&4.(.'*3'!"#$%&''."-)(*#'!"#$%&''$"5"%&.' $%12%#)'#*#/1*#*204&4'%1*#!'1*2$0*&*!(-%&&4'+(.)(#-)'.2"-(".! 773! "4+1%&5!:26!-*#-&,+(#!'$"1%$=.! 7<(! +"=$#>?&@.&,&$%'! 7<9! "*552"*?*,!:2%+&! 7<3! !!"#$$%&'#""!&(! Es ist ein zentrales Ziel in der Evolutionsbiologie, die Muster der Vielfalt und die Prozesse, die sie erzeugen, zu verstehen. -
International Passenger Survey, 2008
UK Data Archive Study Number 5993 - International Passenger Survey, 2008 Airline code Airline name Code 2L 2L Helvetic Airways 26099 2M 2M Moldavian Airlines (Dump 31999 2R 2R Star Airlines (Dump) 07099 2T 2T Canada 3000 Airln (Dump) 80099 3D 3D Denim Air (Dump) 11099 3M 3M Gulf Stream Interntnal (Dump) 81099 3W 3W Euro Manx 01699 4L 4L Air Astana 31599 4P 4P Polonia 30699 4R 4R Hamburg International 08099 4U 4U German Wings 08011 5A 5A Air Atlanta 01099 5D 5D Vbird 11099 5E 5E Base Airlines (Dump) 11099 5G 5G Skyservice Airlines 80099 5P 5P SkyEurope Airlines Hungary 30599 5Q 5Q EuroCeltic Airways 01099 5R 5R Karthago Airlines 35499 5W 5W Astraeus 01062 6B 6B Britannia Airways 20099 6H 6H Israir (Airlines and Tourism ltd) 57099 6N 6N Trans Travel Airlines (Dump) 11099 6Q 6Q Slovak Airlines 30499 6U 6U Air Ukraine 32201 7B 7B Kras Air (Dump) 30999 7G 7G MK Airlines (Dump) 01099 7L 7L Sun d'Or International 57099 7W 7W Air Sask 80099 7Y 7Y EAE European Air Express 08099 8A 8A Atlas Blue 35299 8F 8F Fischer Air 30399 8L 8L Newair (Dump) 12099 8Q 8Q Onur Air (Dump) 16099 8U 8U Afriqiyah Airways 35199 9C 9C Gill Aviation (Dump) 01099 9G 9G Galaxy Airways (Dump) 22099 9L 9L Colgan Air (Dump) 81099 9P 9P Pelangi Air (Dump) 60599 9R 9R Phuket Airlines 66499 9S 9S Blue Panorama Airlines 10099 9U 9U Air Moldova (Dump) 31999 9W 9W Jet Airways (Dump) 61099 9Y 9Y Air Kazakstan (Dump) 31599 A3 A3 Aegean Airlines 22099 A7 A7 Air Plus Comet 25099 AA AA American Airlines 81028 AAA1 AAA Ansett Air Australia (Dump) 50099 AAA2 AAA Ansett New Zealand (Dump) -
Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984
ROAD TRAFFIC REGULATION ACT 1984 SECTION 14 THE COUNTY OF DEVON (TEMPORARY RESTRICTION) (VARIOUS ROADS, DEVON) ORDER 2019 TEMPORARY PROHIBITION OF THROUGH TRAFFIC & PARKING NOTICE is hereby given that Devon County Council has made the above titled order. From MONDAY 28 JANUARY 2019 for a maximum of 18 months Anticipated Finish THURSDAY 31 OCTOBER 2019 No person shall cause or permit any vehicle to proceed or wait on the sections of Affected Roads. All roads will be closed for a maximum of 5 days within the road closure period. It is anticipated that the closures will be on consecutive days, however there may be instances where preparatory works, such as road cleaning, or associated works, such as road markings, will necessitate a shorter closure outside of the main works period. Advanced warning signs for the road closure will be placed on site at least 7 days before the planned commencement of work at each location. Please refer to https://devon.roadworks.org/ for details on the diversion routes. For further information please refer to https://new.devon.gov.uk/roadsandtransport/traffic- information/roadworks/ This temporary restriction is considered necessary to enable - PREVENTATIVE SURFACING AND ASSOCIATED WORKS For additional information contact: DEVON COUNTY COUNCIL Telephone: 0345 155 1004 Dated: MONDAY 14 JANUARY 2019 Meg Booth Chief Officer of Highways, Infrastructure Development & Waste Devon Highways Devon County Council Lucombe House County Hall Exeter EX2 4QD Ref: TTRO1928669 Roads being closed Parish Balland Lane Ashburton -
Scoresdown Farm
ScoreSdown Farm Lynton, Devon, Ex35 6Lj Spectacular Exmoor Hill Farm with Potential and Excellent Income from Environmental Schemes Scoresdown Farm, Lynton, Devon, EX35 6LJ Lynton about 4.2 miles, Simonsbath about 6.9 miles Barnstaple about 21 miles n Extensive Exmoor Hill Farm n 3 bedroom bungalow and adjoining buildings with potential for improvement (stp) n Modern Farm buildings n Productive pasture land and rough grazing n Oak woodland n Grazing rights over adjoining Commons n Sporting potential In all 575 acres Available as a whole or in 5 lots SITUATION Scoresdown Farm is situated in a stunning Link Road, whilst the nearby B3223 links position on the north west side of Exmoor to Simonsbath and the heart of Exmoor as National Park, an unspoilt landscape well as Taunton. renowned for its farming, recreation and sporting opportunities. The nearby Victorian town of Lynton offers a wide DESCRIPTION selection of services including; primary Scoredown is spectacularly situated in school, churches and public houses, whilst an edge of moorland position within a a wider range of services can be found renowned upland farming area with a at Barnstaple and Minehead. Livestock strong tradition of beef and sheep farming. Markets can be found at Blackmoor Gate The dwelling is situated at the centre of the and Wheddon Cross farm with a number of adjacent buildings Communications are good with the A39 located to the rear providing potential linking to Barnstaple to the west and for improvement (subject to planning), in Minehead to the east, the A399 which addition the farm benefits from a range of runs south connects to the North Devon modern farm buildings compatible with SINGLE PAYMENT SCHEME SPORTING & HUNTING RIGHTS The Single Farm Payment entitlements are The Hunting rights over part of the property included in the sale and the vendors will use are vested the Badgworthy Land Company. -
Herbaceous Perennials
HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS Debbie Lonnee, Mervin C. Eisel and Anne Hanchek Perennials often serve as the backbone of a flower Plant Selection garden. Many perennials have showy blooms with a In a large perennial garden, plants should be planted in diversity of colors. Some have good quality foliage groups. The large, tall plants should be in groups of that remains attractive throughout the growing season three or more, medium sized plants in groups of at and provides a background for other plants. They can least three to five, and the smaller plants, five or more. be used as color accents in foundation plantings; in Learn the height and spread of different varieties so mass plantings along highways; in woodland gardens, they can be spaced properly. rockeries, and pond plantings; and in beds and borders. They can stand alone or be mixed with woody plants, Choose plants for each site, based on the amount of annuals, and bulbs. Some perennials are fragrant, light the garden receives. Full sun is generally while others make excellent cut flowers. Many considered six to eight hours of direct sunlight. Part different perennials will grow in sunny or shady sites sun/part shade is four to six hours of direct sunlight a and provide many different functions. Tables 1 day, while shade is considered less than four hours of through11 describe what species or genera can be used direct sunlight. The time of day the garden receives for different functions. light is critical as well; typically, afternoon light is the most intense during the summer months. A perennial can be broadly defined as an herbaceous plant that lives for more than three years. -
* Correspondence To: Yujing Yan, Email: [email protected] Or Charles C
Supplementary Materials for Phytogeographic history of the Tea family inferred through high-resolution phylogeny and fossils *Yujing Yan1,2, *Charles C. Davis2, Dimitar Dimitrov1,3, Zhiheng Wang4, Carsten Rahbek5,1,4,6,7, Michael Krabbe Borregaard1 1. Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark 2. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 3. Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway 4. Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 5. Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 6. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silkwood Park campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK 7. Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. * Correspondence to: Yujing Yan, email: [email protected] or Charles C. Davis, email: [email protected] This PDF file includes: Appendix 1 (p.4) Supplementary Notes 1 (p. 2-4) Supplementary Tables S1 to S11 (p.7-42) Supplementary Figures S1 to S10 (p.43-52) 1 Supplementary Note 1. Inference of biogeographical patterns using a fully Bayesian method in RevBayes We applied an alternative biogeographic method proposed by Landis et al. (2020) to a subset of our Theaceae empirical dataset and compared its performance to our method. This method uses a hierarchical Bayesian approach to account for the uncertainty in the position of fossils (lack of characters), phylogenetic relationships, and the geological/biogeographic template at once. -
Endemic Wild Ornamental Plants from Northwestern Yunnan, China
HORTSCIENCE 40(6):1612–1619. 2005. have played an important role in world horti- culture and have been introduced to Western countries where they have been widely cul- Endemic Wild Ornamental Plants tivated. Some of the best known examples include Rhododendron, Primula, Gentiana, from Northwestern Yunnan, China Pedicularis, and Saussurea, which are all im- 1 portant genera in northwestern Yunnan (Chen Xiao-Xian Li and Zhe-Kun Zhou et al., 1989; Feng, 1983; Guan et al., 1998; Hu, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. 1990; Shi and Jin, 1999; Yang, 1956;). Many of China 650204 these ornamental species are endemic to small areas of northwestern Yunnan (e.g., Rhododen- Additional index words. horticultural potential dron russatum), therefore, their cultivation not Abstract. Northwestern Yunnan is situated in the southern part of the Hengduan Mountains, only provides for potential sources of income which is a complex and varied natural environment. Consequently, this region supports a generation, but also offers a potential form of great diversity of endemic plants. Using fi eld investigation in combination with analysis conservation management: these plants can of relevant literature and available data, this paper presents a regional ethnobotanical be used directly for their ornamental plant study of this area. Results indicated that northwestern Yunnan has an abundance of wild value or as genetic resources for plant breed- ornamental plants: this study identifi ed 262 endemic species (belonging to 64 genera and ing programs. The aims of current paper are 28 families) with potential ornamental value. The distinguishing features of these wild to describe the unique fl ora of northwestern plants, their characteristics and habitats are analyzed; the ornamental potential of most Yunnan and provide detailed information of plants stems from their wildfl owers, but some species also have ornamental fruits and those resources, in terms of their potential foliage. -
The Plant List
the list A Companion to the Choosing the Right Plants Natural Lawn & Garden Guide a better way to beautiful www.savingwater.org Waterwise garden by Stacie Crooks Discover a better way to beautiful! his plant list is a new companion to Choosing the The list on the following pages contains just some of the Right Plants, one of the Natural Lawn & Garden many plants that can be happy here in the temperate Pacific T Guides produced by the Saving Water Partnership Northwest, organized by several key themes. A number of (see the back panel to request your free copy). These guides these plants are Great Plant Picks ( ) selections, chosen will help you garden in balance with nature, so you can enjoy because they are vigorous and easy to grow in Northwest a beautiful yard that’s healthy, easy to maintain and good for gardens, while offering reasonable resistance to pests and the environment. diseases, as well as other attributes. (For details about the GPP program and to find additional reference materials, When choosing plants, we often think about factors refer to Resources & Credits on page 12.) like size, shape, foliage and flower color. But the most important consideration should be whether a site provides Remember, this plant list is just a starting point. The more the conditions a specific plant needs to thrive. Soil type, information you have about your garden’s conditions and drainage, sun and shade—all affect a plant’s health and, as a particular plant’s needs before you purchase a plant, the a result, its appearance and maintenance needs.