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Climate Positive Development C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group GOOD PRACTICE GUIDE Climate Positive Development C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, now in its 10th year, connects more than 80 of the world’s greatest cities, representing 600+ million people and one quarter of the global economy. Created and led by cities, C40 is focused on tackling climate change and driving urban action that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and climate risks, while increasing the health, well-being and economic opportunities of urban citizens. www.c40.org The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group has developed a series of Good Practice Guides in areas critical for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and climate risk. The Guides provide an overview of the key benefits of a particular climate action and outline successful approaches and strategies cities can employ to implement or effectively scale up these actions. These Guides are based on the experience and lessons learned from C40 cities and on the findings and recommendations of leading organisations and research institutions engaged in these areas. The good practice approaches are relevant for cities engaged in C40 Networks as well as for other cities around the world. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 3 1 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 4 1.1. PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 4 2 CLIMATE POSITIVE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ........................................................................ 4 2.1 WHAT IS CLIMATE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT? ................................................................................... 4 2.2 CLIMATE POSITIVE CREDITS ........................................................................................................... 5 2.3 CLIMATE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT AS A JOURNEY .............................................................................. 6 2.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL CLIMATE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT .................................................. 7 2.5 BENEFITS OF CLIMATE POSITIVE ..................................................................................................... 8 2.6 CHALLENGES TO DELIVERING CLIMATE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT ........................................................... 9 3 GOOD PRACTICE APPRACHES FOR A SUCCESSFUL CLIMATE POSITIVE PROJECT ................... 9 3.1 CATEGORIES OF BEST PRACTICE ...................................................................................................... 9 3.2 SET AMBITIOUS GOALS AND UTILISE HOLISTIC PLANNING .................................................................... 10 Case study: Stockholm - Royal Seaport ..................................................................................... 10 3.3 CREATE POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS TO STIMULATE CLIMATE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN REGENERATION PROJECTS ........................................................................................................... 11 Case study: London - Elephant & Castle .................................................................................... 11 3.4 UTILISE PROCUREMENT POWERS TO PROMOTE CLIMATE POSITIVE TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS 12 Case study: Sydney - Barangaroo South .................................................................................... 13 3.6 MAXIMISE THE POTENTIAL OF CLIMATE POSITIVE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ................................... 13 Case study: Jaipur - Mahindra World City ................................................................................. 14 4 FURTHER READING .......................................................................................................... 15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY More than 50% of the world’s population currently lives in urban areas, with the percentage expected to grow to more than 70% by 2050. Planning and development of low-carbon, compact and connected cities is critical to sustainably manage this significant urbanisation trend. Fortunately, C40 cities have significant power and authority over land-use planning (through zoning, other planning frameworks and requirements, and building codes), waste management and water supply, as well as transportation and energy to varying degrees. In partnership with the Clinton Climate Initiative and the US Green Building Council, C40 Cities launched the Climate Positive Development Program in 2009. Climate Positive helps create a new paradigm for cities with replicable and scalable models for low-carbon development, targeting the operational carbon emissions associated with energy, waste and transportation. C40’s Climate Positive Frameworki is not rigidly prescriptive as there is not one single path for a development to achieve a Climate Positive outcome; in fact, developments in any city in the world can reach the Climate Positive target. This Good Practice Guide focuses on the main elements to successfully deliver Climate Positive development in cities, with a survey of best practices leading to better economic, social, and environmental outcomes for cities. These include: • Set ambitious goals and utilise holistic planning • Create policy and regulatory frameworks to stimulate Climate Positive development in regeneration projects • Utilise procurement powers to promote Climate Positive transformation of industrial areas • Create sector plans to guide Climate Positive development of mixed-use areas • Maximise the potential of Climate Positive private-public partnerships The C40 Climate Positive Development Program was established to address the dual challenges of rapid urbanisation and climate change. It uses a performance-based framework that creates replicable, innovative models for environmentally sustainable and economically viable growth, through the ‘urban laboratories’ of large-scale Climate Positive Developments. The Program is currently comprised of 18 projects, including 13 in C40 cities. The purpose of this Good Practice Guide is to summarise the key elements of Climate Positive development for global dissemination, highlighting successes in planning and delivering low- carbon district-scale developments. 3 1 BACKGROUND 1.1. Purpose The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group has developed a series of Good Practice Guides in areas critical for reducing GHG emissions and climate risk. The C40 Good Practice Guides provide an overview of the key benefits of a particular climate action and outline successful approaches and strategies cities can employ to effectively scale up these actions. These Guides are based on the experience and lessons learned from C40 cities and on the findings and recommendations of leading organisations and research institutions engaged in these areas. The following Good Practice Guide focuses on the key elements to successfully deliver Climate Positive development, with a survey of best practices leading to better economic, social, and environmental outcomes for cities. These approaches are relevant for cities engaged in C40’s Climate Positive Network as well as for other cities around the world. 1.2. Introduction Urban planning plays a crucial role in defining how cities function, significantly affecting the quality of people’s lives as well as all facets of a city’s operation. Recognising the unsustainability of prevailing urban development approaches, the Climate Positive Development Program seeks to shift the development paradigm by focusing on three of the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in cities: energy, waste and transportation. The Program capitalises on the significant power and authority that C40 cities have over land- use planning, waste management and water supply, as well as transportation and energy to varying degrees. Through the utilisation of a recognition-based framework -- beginning with ambitious goal setting and then considering the phases of planning, implementing and ultimately reporting on performance -- cities have the ability to deliver truly sustainable and net-carbon negative neighbourhoods at scale. 2 CLIMATE POSITIVE AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2.1 What is Climate Positive Development? C40’s Climate Positive Development Program serves to meet the dual challenge of rapid urbanisation and climate change, by creating locally relevant models for large-scale urban development guided by the Climate Positive Framework.ii The C40 Climate Positive Network supports the development and recognition of projects that seek to meet a “Climate Positive” emissions target of net-negative operational GHG emissions. If sustainable development is the creation of cities and neighbourhoods that are environmentally friendly places to live, work and play, Climate Positive development provides the means of ensuring that these vibrant, sustainable neighbourhoods are also verified net- 4 carbon negative. The Climate Positive Development Program addresses the three main sources of operational (versus embodied) carbon emissions: energy, waste and transportation. Using a non-prescriptive approach to ensure that local conditions are taken into account, developers of Climate Positive projects commit to maximising efficiency on-site and then further reducing emissions in the surrounding community,
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