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Euphoric Non-Fentanil Novel Synthetic Opioids on the Illicit Drugs Market
Forensic Toxicology (2019) 37:1–16 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-018-0454-5 REVIEW ARTICLE The search for the “next” euphoric non‑fentanil novel synthetic opioids on the illicit drugs market: current status and horizon scanning Kirti Kumari Sharma1,2 · Tim G. Hales3 · Vaidya Jayathirtha Rao1,2 · Niamh NicDaeid4,5 · Craig McKenzie4 Received: 7 August 2018 / Accepted: 11 November 2018 / Published online: 28 November 2018 © The Author(s) 2018 Abstract Purpose A detailed review on the chemistry and pharmacology of non-fentanil novel synthetic opioid receptor agonists, particularly N-substituted benzamides and acetamides (known colloquially as U-drugs) and 4-aminocyclohexanols, developed at the Upjohn Company in the 1970s and 1980s is presented. Method Peer-reviewed literature, patents, professional literature, data from international early warning systems and drug user fora discussion threads have been used to track their emergence as substances of abuse. Results In terms of impact on drug markets, prevalence and harm, the most signifcant compound of this class to date has been U-47700 (trans-3,4-dichloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide), reported by users to give short- lasting euphoric efects and a desire to re-dose. Since U-47700 was internationally controlled in 2017, a range of related compounds with similar chemical structures, adapted from the original patented compounds, have appeared on the illicit drugs market. Interest in a structurally unrelated opioid developed by the Upjohn Company and now known as BDPC/bromadol appears to be increasing and should be closely monitored. Conclusions International early warning systems are an essential part of tracking emerging psychoactive substances and allow responsive action to be taken to facilitate the gathering of relevant data for detailed risk assessments. -
Problems of Drug Dependence 1982 Proceedings of the 44Th Annual Scientific Meeting The
National Institute Drug Abuse MONOGRAPH SERIES Problems of Drug Dependence 1982 Proceedings of the 44th Annual Scientific Meeting The Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICE • Public Health Service • Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Problems of Drug Dependence, 1982 Proceedings of the 44th Annual Scientific Meeting, The Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. Editor, Louis S. Harris, Ph.D. NIDA Research Monograph 43 April 1983 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse Office of Science 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland 20657 NIDA Research Monographs are prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by its Office of Science. The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the-art confer- ences, integrative research reviews and significant original research. Its dual publication emphasis is rapid and targeted dissemination to the scientific and professional community. Editorial Advisory Board Avram Goldstein, M.D. Addiction Research Foundation Palo Alto, California Jerome Jaffe, M.D. University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington, Connecticut Reese T. Jones, M.D. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute University of California San Francisco, California Jack Mendelson, M.D. Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts Helen Nowlis, Ph.D. Rochester, New York Lee Robins, Ph.D. Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri NIDA Research Monograph Series William Pollin, M.D. -
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Decision-Making in Health and Disease Keynote Presentation
C M Y K 4 Facilitating Human Behaviour Change Poster Presentations 5 Decision-Making in Health and Disease Keynote Presentation Discussion DISASTER RISK REDUCTION: THE BANGLADESH STORY The prevalence rate cannot be reduced in animals already having slit nostrils. However, the incidence of fresh cases can be minimized with a series of focused awareness-raising interventions. Thus, the issue can be tackled in D. Haider the long run by creating awareness in equine- owning communities of the cruelty of the practice. For this purpose, equine owners/users in communities, work places, and animal fairs were taken into account in order to design Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Centre (BDPC), Dhaka, Bangladesh interventions to change their perceptions about the issue. Through pictorial banners, leaflets, demonstrations, and owners/users meetings, awareness on issue was aroused. The issue was treated with other welfare issues during Background walks and events arranged from time to time, for example World Animal Day – celebrated during the last 2 years in A country born out of a bloody freedom struggle in 1971 and currently home to 16.2 million people within a 145,570 all 3 districts. Equine owners were educated on the importance of regularly giving fresh water, including normal sq km land area, Bangladesh is identified as a developing country. It is an agrarian economy; 41% of the population saline, to their animals especially in summer. Owners/users awareness was raised on the prevention and are literate, of which 31% are female. With a per capita income of $520 (2008), the country has managed to management of heat stress in their animals. -
Comparison of the Effects of Magnesium and Ketamine on Postoperative Pain and Morphine Consumption
10 – ORIGINAL ARTICLE CLINICAL INVESTIGATION Comparison of the effects of magnesium and ketamine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption. A double-blind randomized controlled clinical study1 Müge ArıkanI, Bilge AslanII, Osman ArıkanIII, Eyüp HorasanlıIV, Abdulkadir ButV DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-865020160010000010 IAssistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Karabuk Education and Research Hospital Affiliated, School of Medicine, Karabuk University, Turkey. Acquisition of data, manuscript writing, carrying out the study. IIPhD, Department of Anesthesiology, Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Acquisition of data, carrying out the study. IIIPhD, Department of Surgery, Karabuk Education and Research Hospital Affiliated, School of Medicine, Karabuk University, Turkey. Manuscript writing. IVAssociate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey. Design of the study, acquisition of data. VProfessor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey. Design of the study. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare the effects of magnesium sulfate and ketamine on postoperative pain and total morphine consumption in a placebo-controlled design. METHODS: One hundred and twenty women scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy were included in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Postoperatively, when the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was four or more, IV-PCA morphine was applied to all patients. The patients were randomized into three groups: Group K ketamine, Group M magnesium, and Group C saline received as infusion. Total morphine consumption for 48h, pain scores, adverse effects, and patients’ satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: Total morphine consumption was significantly lower in Group K (32.6±9.2 mg) than in Group M (58.9±6.5 mg) and in Group C (65.7±8.2 mg). -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0144429 A1 Wensley Et Al
US 2014O144429A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0144429 A1 Wensley et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 29, 2014 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR COMPOUND (60) Provisional application No. 61/887,045, filed on Oct. DELIVERY 4, 2013, provisional application No. 61/831,992, filed on Jun. 6, 2013, provisional application No. 61/794, (71) Applicant: E-NICOTINE TECHNOLOGY, INC., 601, filed on Mar. 15, 2013, provisional application Draper, UT (US) No. 61/730,738, filed on Nov. 28, 2012. (72) Inventors: Martin Wensley, Los Gatos, CA (US); Publication Classification Michael Hufford, Chapel Hill, NC (US); Jeffrey Williams, Draper, UT (51) Int. Cl. (US); Peter Lloyd, Walnut Creek, CA A6M II/04 (2006.01) (US) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ................................... A6M II/04 (2013.O1 (73) Assignee: E-NICOTINE TECHNOLOGY, INC., ( ) Draper, UT (US) USPC ..................................................... 128/200.14 (21) Appl. No.: 14/168,338 (57) ABSTRACT 1-1. Provided herein are methods, devices, systems, and computer (22) Filed: Jan. 30, 2014 readable medium for delivering one or more compounds to a O O Subject. Also described herein are methods, devices, systems, Related U.S. Application Data and computer readable medium for transitioning a Smoker to (63) Continuation of application No. PCT/US 13/72426, an electronic nicotine delivery device and for Smoking or filed on Nov. 27, 2013. nicotine cessation. Patent Application Publication May 29, 2014 Sheet 1 of 26 US 2014/O144429 A1 FIG. 2A 204 -1 2O6 Patent Application Publication May 29, 2014 Sheet 2 of 26 US 2014/O144429 A1 Area liquid is vaporized Electrical Connection Agent O s 2. -
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Non-Prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: a Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety
CADTH RAPID RESPONSE REPORT: SUMMARY WITH CRITICAL APPRAISAL Non-prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety Service Line: Rapid Response Service Version: 1.0 Publication Date: June 20, 2018 Report Length: 48 Pages Authors: Yi-Sheng Chao, Melissa Severn Cite As: Non-prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety. Ottawa: CADTH; 2018 Jun. (CADTH Rapid response report: summary with critical appraisal). Acknowledgments: ISSN: 1922-8147 (online) Disclaimer: The information in this document is intended to help Canadian health care decision-makers, health care professionals, health systems leaders, and policy-makers make well-informed decisions and thereby improve the quality of health care services. While patients and others may access this document, the document is made available for informational purposes only and no representations or warranties are made with respect to its fitness for any particular purpose. The information in this document should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice or as a substitute for the application of clinical judgment in respect of the care of a particular patient or other professional judgment in any decision-making process. The Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) does not endorse any information, drugs, therapies, treatments, products, processes, or services. While care has been taken to ensure that the information prepared by CADTH in this document is accurate, complete, and up-to-date as at the applicable date the material was first published by CADTH, CADTH does not make any guarantees to that effect. -
WO 2014/085719 Al 5 June 2014 (05.06.2014) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/085719 Al 5 June 2014 (05.06.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A61M 15/00 (2006.01) A24F 47/00 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/US20 13/072426 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 27 November 2013 (27.1 1.2013) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (25) Filing Language: English OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW. 61/730,738 28 November 2012 (28. 11.2012) US 61/794,601 15 March 2013 (15.03.2013) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 61/83 1,992 6 June 2013 (06.06.2013) us kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 61/887,045 4 October 201 3 (04. -
Download File
Project No. TREN-05-FP6TR-S07.61320-518404-DRUID DRUID Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines Integrated Project 1.6. Sustainable Development, Global Change and Ecosystem 1.6.2: Sustainable Surface Transport 6th Framework Programme Deliverable (1.1.2c) Psychomotor relevant performance: 1. After single dose administration of opioids, narcoanalgesics and hallucinogens to drug naïve subjects 2. In patients treated chronically with morphine or methadone / buprenorphine Due date of deliverable: (14.08.2010) Actual submission date: (02.03.2011) Start date of project: 15.10.2006 Duration: 48 months Organisation name of lead contractor for this deliverable: Norwegian Institute of Public Health Revision 3.0 Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006) Dissemination Level PU Public X PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) DELIVERABLE 1.1.2C – NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH PAGE 2 Psychomotor relevant performance: 1. After single dose administration of opioids, narcoanalgesics and hallucinogens to drug naïve subjects 2. In patients treated chronically with morphine or methadone/buprenorphine Maren Cecilie Strand1, Bente Fjeld1, Marianne Arnestad1, Jørg Mørland1 1Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Forensic Toxicology and Drug Abuse, PO Box 4404 -
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The Search for the “Next” Euphoric Non-Fentanil Novel Synthetic Opioids on the Illicit Drugs Market
University of Dundee The search for the 'next' euphoric non-fentanil novel synthetic opioids on the illicit drugs market: current status and horizon scanning Sharma, Kirti Kumari; Hales, Tim; Rao, Vaidya Jayathirtha; Nic Daeid, Niamh; McKenzie, Craig Published in: Forensic Toxicology DOI: 10.1007/s11419-018-0454-5 Publication date: 2019 Licence: CC BY Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in Discovery Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Sharma, K. K., Hales, T., Rao, V. J., Nic Daeid, N., & McKenzie, C. (2019). The search for the 'next' euphoric non-fentanil novel synthetic opioids on the illicit drugs market: current status and horizon scanning. Forensic Toxicology, 37(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-018-0454-5 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in Discovery Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from Discovery Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 Forensic Toxicology https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-018-0454-5 REVIEW ARTICLE The search for the “next” euphoric non‑fentanil novel synthetic opioids on the illicit drugs market: current status and horizon scanning Kirti Kumari Sharma1,2 · Tim G.