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Euphoric Non-Fentanil Novel Synthetic Opioids on the Illicit Drugs Market
Forensic Toxicology (2019) 37:1–16 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-018-0454-5 REVIEW ARTICLE The search for the “next” euphoric non‑fentanil novel synthetic opioids on the illicit drugs market: current status and horizon scanning Kirti Kumari Sharma1,2 · Tim G. Hales3 · Vaidya Jayathirtha Rao1,2 · Niamh NicDaeid4,5 · Craig McKenzie4 Received: 7 August 2018 / Accepted: 11 November 2018 / Published online: 28 November 2018 © The Author(s) 2018 Abstract Purpose A detailed review on the chemistry and pharmacology of non-fentanil novel synthetic opioid receptor agonists, particularly N-substituted benzamides and acetamides (known colloquially as U-drugs) and 4-aminocyclohexanols, developed at the Upjohn Company in the 1970s and 1980s is presented. Method Peer-reviewed literature, patents, professional literature, data from international early warning systems and drug user fora discussion threads have been used to track their emergence as substances of abuse. Results In terms of impact on drug markets, prevalence and harm, the most signifcant compound of this class to date has been U-47700 (trans-3,4-dichloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide), reported by users to give short- lasting euphoric efects and a desire to re-dose. Since U-47700 was internationally controlled in 2017, a range of related compounds with similar chemical structures, adapted from the original patented compounds, have appeared on the illicit drugs market. Interest in a structurally unrelated opioid developed by the Upjohn Company and now known as BDPC/bromadol appears to be increasing and should be closely monitored. Conclusions International early warning systems are an essential part of tracking emerging psychoactive substances and allow responsive action to be taken to facilitate the gathering of relevant data for detailed risk assessments. -
United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,916,581 B2 Boyd Et Al
USOO891 6581 B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,916,581 B2 Boyd et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Dec. 23, 2014 (54) (S)-N-METHYLNALTREXONE 4,194,045 A 3, 1980 Adelstein 4,203,920 A 5, 1980 Diamond et al. (75) Inventors: Thomas A. Boyd, Grandview, NY (US); 4,241,066 A 12, 1980 Kobylecki et al. H OW d Wagoner,goner, Warwick,s NY (US);s 4,311,833.4,277,605 A T.1/1982 1981 NamikoshiBuyniski et etal. al. Suketu P. Sanghvi, Kendall Park, NJ 4.322,426 A 3/1982 Hermann et al. (US); Christopher Verbicky, 4.326,074 A 4, 1982 Diamond et al. Broadalbin, NY (US); Stephen 4.326,075 A 4, 1982 Diamond et al. “. s 4,377.568 A 3/1983 Chopra et al. Andruski, Clifton Park, NY (US) 4.385,078 A 5/1983 Onda et al. 4.427,676 A 1/1984 White et al. (73) Assignee: Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4,430,327 A 2, 1984 Frederickson et al. Tarrytown, NY (US) 4,452,775 A 6/1984 Kent 4,457,907 A 7/1984 Porteret al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 4,462.839 A 7/1984 McGinley et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 4,518.4334,466,968 A 5/19858, 1984 McGinleyBernstein et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 344 days. 4,533,739 A 8/1985 Pitzele et al. This patent is Subject to a terminal dis- 4,606,9094,556,552 A 12/19858/1986 PorterBechgaard et al. -
Sweet Goodmorning Texts Sweet Goodmorning Texts
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Cut and Paste Compound Sentences
Cut and paste compound sentences FAQS How can you watch bme pain olympics on an itouch Cut and paste compound sentences jarrod schulz brandi passante age Cut and paste compound sentences Cut and paste compound sentences Clients Star fish dissection quiz Cut and paste compound sentences Free ex husband birthday cards Global Love tagalog jokesUse this power-point to introduce your students to compound sentences. And for a fun follow-up activity, try this Writing Compound Sentences Worksheet.You may also like this F-2 Adjectives PowerPoint. Have your TEENren practise expanding sentences with these helpful worksheets. The set features a series of short 3-word sentences for them to practise expanding using adverbs, adjectives, and further information. Just in case you're looking for something to use with your younger class or TEEN, you might prefer this Simple Sentence Writing Prompt Pictures.To find out more about a range of. Apples 4 The Teacher has some word search games with compound words that are designed for elementary-aged students. The games can be printed out and used in your classroom. Super Teacher Worksheets has worksheets for all levels. These are ready to print out and use. One is a cut and paste activity. School Express has 20 worksheets. Some of. Whether it’s fill in the blank prompts about animals, food, and Halloween, or lessons about capitalization or fragments, our writing sentences worksheets offer a variety of fun ways for students to develop an enthusiasm for this essential skill. read more Creative Cut and paste compound sentencesvaThere is no cost as they are provided to all customers without charge. -
Problems of Drug Dependence 1982 Proceedings of the 44Th Annual Scientific Meeting The
National Institute Drug Abuse MONOGRAPH SERIES Problems of Drug Dependence 1982 Proceedings of the 44th Annual Scientific Meeting The Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICE • Public Health Service • Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Problems of Drug Dependence, 1982 Proceedings of the 44th Annual Scientific Meeting, The Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. Editor, Louis S. Harris, Ph.D. NIDA Research Monograph 43 April 1983 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse Office of Science 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland 20657 NIDA Research Monographs are prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by its Office of Science. The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the-art confer- ences, integrative research reviews and significant original research. Its dual publication emphasis is rapid and targeted dissemination to the scientific and professional community. Editorial Advisory Board Avram Goldstein, M.D. Addiction Research Foundation Palo Alto, California Jerome Jaffe, M.D. University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington, Connecticut Reese T. Jones, M.D. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute University of California San Francisco, California Jack Mendelson, M.D. Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts Helen Nowlis, Ph.D. Rochester, New York Lee Robins, Ph.D. Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri NIDA Research Monograph Series William Pollin, M.D. -
Seks Irani Seks Irani
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(Ph OH N N Me O YO O YO
US 20070265293A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0265293 A1 Boyd et al. (43) Pub. Date: Nov. 15, 2007 (54) (S)-N-METHYLNALTREXONE Publication Classification (76) Inventors: Thomas A. Boyd, Grandview, NY (51) Int. Cl. (US); Howard Wagoner, Warwick, NY A6II 3L/4355 (2006.01) (US); Suketu P. Sanghvi, Kendall Park, A6M II/00 (2006.01) NJ (US); Christopher Verbicky, A6M I5/08 (2006.01) Broadalbin, NY (US); Stephen 39t. 35O C Andruski, Clifton Park, NY (US) (2006.01) A6IP 3L/00 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: St. 4. CR WOLF GREENFIELD & SACKS, P.C. (2006.01) 6OO ATLANTIC AVENUE 3G (i. 308: BOSTON, MA 02210-2206 (US) A6IP 33/02 (2006.01) C07D 489/00 (2006.01) (21) Appl. No.: 11/441,452 (52) U.S. Cl. .............. 514/282; 128/200.23; 128/202.17; (22) Filed: May 25, 2006 546/45 Related U.S. Application Data (57) ABSTRACT This invention relates to S-MNTX, methods of producing (60) Provisional application No. 60/684,570, filed on May S-MNTX, pharmaceutical preparations comprising 25, 2005. S-MNTX and methods for their use. O G M Br Br e (pH OH N N Me O YO O YO OH OH R-MNTX S-MNTX Patent Application Publication Nov. 15, 2007 Sheet 1 of 6 US 2007/0265293 A1 Fig. 1 OH OH Me-N Me-N D / O O -----BBr, O O CHCI NMP, 3 AUTOCLAVE, 70'C OMe OH 1 2 Br OH As GE) G As 69 GOH Me-N ION Me-N -lass O SO EXCHANGE O SO OH OH 3 S-MNTX 1 - OXYCODONE 2 - OXYMORPHONE 3 - ODIDE SALT OF S-MNTX Fig. -
Decision-Making in Health and Disease Keynote Presentation
C M Y K 4 Facilitating Human Behaviour Change Poster Presentations 5 Decision-Making in Health and Disease Keynote Presentation Discussion DISASTER RISK REDUCTION: THE BANGLADESH STORY The prevalence rate cannot be reduced in animals already having slit nostrils. However, the incidence of fresh cases can be minimized with a series of focused awareness-raising interventions. Thus, the issue can be tackled in D. Haider the long run by creating awareness in equine- owning communities of the cruelty of the practice. For this purpose, equine owners/users in communities, work places, and animal fairs were taken into account in order to design Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Centre (BDPC), Dhaka, Bangladesh interventions to change their perceptions about the issue. Through pictorial banners, leaflets, demonstrations, and owners/users meetings, awareness on issue was aroused. The issue was treated with other welfare issues during Background walks and events arranged from time to time, for example World Animal Day – celebrated during the last 2 years in A country born out of a bloody freedom struggle in 1971 and currently home to 16.2 million people within a 145,570 all 3 districts. Equine owners were educated on the importance of regularly giving fresh water, including normal sq km land area, Bangladesh is identified as a developing country. It is an agrarian economy; 41% of the population saline, to their animals especially in summer. Owners/users awareness was raised on the prevention and are literate, of which 31% are female. With a per capita income of $520 (2008), the country has managed to management of heat stress in their animals. -
Comparison of the Effects of Magnesium and Ketamine on Postoperative Pain and Morphine Consumption
10 – ORIGINAL ARTICLE CLINICAL INVESTIGATION Comparison of the effects of magnesium and ketamine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption. A double-blind randomized controlled clinical study1 Müge ArıkanI, Bilge AslanII, Osman ArıkanIII, Eyüp HorasanlıIV, Abdulkadir ButV DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-865020160010000010 IAssistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Karabuk Education and Research Hospital Affiliated, School of Medicine, Karabuk University, Turkey. Acquisition of data, manuscript writing, carrying out the study. IIPhD, Department of Anesthesiology, Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Acquisition of data, carrying out the study. IIIPhD, Department of Surgery, Karabuk Education and Research Hospital Affiliated, School of Medicine, Karabuk University, Turkey. Manuscript writing. IVAssociate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey. Design of the study, acquisition of data. VProfessor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey. Design of the study. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare the effects of magnesium sulfate and ketamine on postoperative pain and total morphine consumption in a placebo-controlled design. METHODS: One hundred and twenty women scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy were included in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Postoperatively, when the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was four or more, IV-PCA morphine was applied to all patients. The patients were randomized into three groups: Group K ketamine, Group M magnesium, and Group C saline received as infusion. Total morphine consumption for 48h, pain scores, adverse effects, and patients’ satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: Total morphine consumption was significantly lower in Group K (32.6±9.2 mg) than in Group M (58.9±6.5 mg) and in Group C (65.7±8.2 mg). -
The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis
THE ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF DRUG SYNTHESIS VOLUME 3 DANIEL LEDNICER Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc. Columbia, Missouri LESTER A. MITSCHER The University of Kansas School of Pharmacy Department of Medicinal Chemistry Lawrence, Kansas A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY AND SONS New York • Chlchester • Brisbane * Toronto • Singapore Copyright © 1984 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada. Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging In Publication Data: (Revised for volume 3) Lednicer, Daniel, 1929- The organic chemistry of drug synthesis. "A Wiley-lnterscience publication." Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Chemistry, Pharmaceutical. 2. Drugs. 3. Chemistry, Organic—Synthesis. I. Mitscher, Lester A., joint author. II. Title. [DNLM 1. Chemistry, Organic. 2. Chemistry, Pharmaceutical. 3. Drugs—Chemical synthesis. QV 744 L473o 1977] RS403.L38 615M9 76-28387 ISBN 0-471-09250-9 (v. 3) Printed in the United States of America 10 907654321 With great pleasure we dedicate this book, too, to our wives, Beryle and Betty. The great tragedy of Science is the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an ugly fact. Thomas H. Huxley, "Biogenesis and Abiogenisis" Preface Ihe first volume in this series represented the launching of a trial balloon on the part of the authors. In the first place, wo were not entirely convinced that contemporary medicinal (hemistry could in fact be organized coherently on the basis of organic chemistry. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0144429 A1 Wensley Et Al
US 2014O144429A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0144429 A1 Wensley et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 29, 2014 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR COMPOUND (60) Provisional application No. 61/887,045, filed on Oct. DELIVERY 4, 2013, provisional application No. 61/831,992, filed on Jun. 6, 2013, provisional application No. 61/794, (71) Applicant: E-NICOTINE TECHNOLOGY, INC., 601, filed on Mar. 15, 2013, provisional application Draper, UT (US) No. 61/730,738, filed on Nov. 28, 2012. (72) Inventors: Martin Wensley, Los Gatos, CA (US); Publication Classification Michael Hufford, Chapel Hill, NC (US); Jeffrey Williams, Draper, UT (51) Int. Cl. (US); Peter Lloyd, Walnut Creek, CA A6M II/04 (2006.01) (US) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ................................... A6M II/04 (2013.O1 (73) Assignee: E-NICOTINE TECHNOLOGY, INC., ( ) Draper, UT (US) USPC ..................................................... 128/200.14 (21) Appl. No.: 14/168,338 (57) ABSTRACT 1-1. Provided herein are methods, devices, systems, and computer (22) Filed: Jan. 30, 2014 readable medium for delivering one or more compounds to a O O Subject. Also described herein are methods, devices, systems, Related U.S. Application Data and computer readable medium for transitioning a Smoker to (63) Continuation of application No. PCT/US 13/72426, an electronic nicotine delivery device and for Smoking or filed on Nov. 27, 2013. nicotine cessation. Patent Application Publication May 29, 2014 Sheet 1 of 26 US 2014/O144429 A1 FIG. 2A 204 -1 2O6 Patent Application Publication May 29, 2014 Sheet 2 of 26 US 2014/O144429 A1 Area liquid is vaporized Electrical Connection Agent O s 2. -
Non-Prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: a Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety
CADTH RAPID RESPONSE REPORT: SUMMARY WITH CRITICAL APPRAISAL Non-prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety Service Line: Rapid Response Service Version: 1.0 Publication Date: June 20, 2018 Report Length: 48 Pages Authors: Yi-Sheng Chao, Melissa Severn Cite As: Non-prescription Analgesic and Antitussive Medications Containing Codeine: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Safety. Ottawa: CADTH; 2018 Jun. (CADTH Rapid response report: summary with critical appraisal). Acknowledgments: ISSN: 1922-8147 (online) Disclaimer: The information in this document is intended to help Canadian health care decision-makers, health care professionals, health systems leaders, and policy-makers make well-informed decisions and thereby improve the quality of health care services. While patients and others may access this document, the document is made available for informational purposes only and no representations or warranties are made with respect to its fitness for any particular purpose. The information in this document should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice or as a substitute for the application of clinical judgment in respect of the care of a particular patient or other professional judgment in any decision-making process. The Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) does not endorse any information, drugs, therapies, treatments, products, processes, or services. While care has been taken to ensure that the information prepared by CADTH in this document is accurate, complete, and up-to-date as at the applicable date the material was first published by CADTH, CADTH does not make any guarantees to that effect.