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German New Guinea German New Guinea The Draft Annual Report f0r 1913-14 edited and translated Sack and bv..; Peter Dymphna Clark Dq artnv nt of l .t c · .r h Schou' it Social S ·iences fhe AustrJli� n , atiow I U1 versit C�· 1berra 1980 Gertnan New Guinea The Draft Annual Report for 1913-14 edited andtranslated byPeter Sack and DymphnaClark Department of Law Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National Universtiy Canberra 1980 GERMAN NEW GUINEA THE DRAFT ANNUAL REPORT FOR 19 13-14 edited and translated bv Peter Sack and Dymphna Clark Department of Law , Re search School of Soci�l Sciences Australian National University, Canberra , 19 79 (C) 1980 . The Australian National University . This work is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study , research , criticism or review , as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission . Inquiries should be made to the publisher . Printed by Socpac Printery , Canberra and distributed by the Australian National University . ISBN 909596-45-X. I CONTENTS Introduction I I. The General Re port 2 II. The District Reports 1. Kaewieng District Off ice 39 la. Appandix (Agricultural Establislunent) 51 2. Na�atanai Station 55 3. Manus Station 60 4. Kie ta Station 70 5. Friedrich Wilhelmshafen District Off ice 80 6. Eitape Station 94 7. Morobe Station 98 III. The Mission Reports 1. Methojist Mission 115 2. Marist Mission 120 3. Ne uendettelsau Mission 121 140 4. Rhenish Mission 5. Holy Spirit [Divine wo rd] Mission 144 II IV• Spscial Goverrunent Reports and Statistics 1. Govermnent School 146 2. Plantation Statistics 153 3. Labour Recruitment Statistics 154 4. Trade Statistics 156 5. Shipping Statistics 158 6. Postal services 161 7. Head Tax 163 Index III INTRODUCTION This is a supplement to German New Guinea, The Annual Re EOrts pub lished by ANU Press in 1978. The last of the Annual Re ports included in that volume covered the financial ye ar 1912-13. It was P'.lblished in 1914. No further reports were P'.lblished . Ye t, in view of the fact that the next financial year (1913-14) had also ended before the outbreak of wo rld war I, we had suspacted for some time that a more or less advanced draft of the Re port covering that pa riod must have been in existence . But had it survived? It was not among the files of the Imperial Government of German New Guinea in the Au stralian (Commonwealth ) Archives. It seemed not unlikely, however, that by August 1914 a draft had been sent from Rabaul to the Colonial Office in Berlin. The central Archives of the German Democratic Re public in Potsda�, wh ich hold most of the surviving records of that Office , included the relevant series (manuscripts re lating to the Annual Re ports on New Guinea) and there, in the last relevant file (RKA 6538, Reel G 8610 in the 1 National Library in Canberra) was the 1913-14 draft. we are grateful to the zentralarchiv in Potsdam for pa rmission to 2 publish an English version of th is draft . The pre paration of the draft of the annual re port for 1913-14 was the task of the General Section (Referat 1) of the 1 The filing system is in some respacts quite puzzling . 2 we looked at the p::>s sibility of dealing in a similar way with the 'initial gap' - the pa riod between the annexation (whenever that was) and the first published Annual Re port by the Ne u Guinea Ko�pagnie for the business year 1886-87 - by substituting the unpublished annual reports by the Imparial co:runissioner von Oertzen to the German Government, but the se reports are so different in style and the conditions on which they report so different in nature , that a different treatmant is required . IV Imperial Goverrunent in Rabaul. (The revision of the draft in Berlin for presentation to the Reichstag and for publication had app.3.rently not begun.} The General Section, in turn, based its draft on reports and statistical information provided by individual Government Stations , mission societies and spec­ ialised sections of the Govermnent (Treasury, Public works, etc.) . The information from the Districts went either directly to the General Section or was pre-processed by the relevant specialised sections . The material sent to Berlin consisted of the draft of a general report by the General Section, plus specialised govermnent reports , the reports of the individual District Offices or Stations and mission societies and a confusing heap of statistics. The General Report contains a number of gaps which become visible if it is compared with the P'.lblished Annual Rep�rts for the previous years which follow the same pattern. Since 1909-10 they all consist of four main parts : Administration, Economy and Economic Policy, Public works and Buildings, and Finance , the first three of wh ich are further subdivided . Only the third and fourth main part of the General Rep�rt for 1913-14 are can- plete . The first main part (Administration} provides no information under the heading 'Climate and Health ' and the Sacred He art Mission is not covered in the section 'Missions• because it had failed to submit its report in time . The gap3 in the second main p.art (Economy and Economic Policy} are even larger. Under the heading 'Production ' no information is , provided on 'Animal Husbandry ' , 'Forestry ' · Birds of Paradise ' , 1 'Marine Products ', or 'Labour • and the section on 'Trade and communications ' is missing altogether. 1 The published Annual Re p�rts are also not complete in this respact (in the sense that they do not provide in each year information unde r all •available ' he adings }. v Under these circumstances it would have been mistaken to adhere to our previous editorial decision for the main volume l and to exclude all appen d.1xe s f rom pu bl'1cat1on. ' Moreover , at le ast some of the District Reports and Mi ssion Reports - apart from assisting in filling the gaps - provide local colour and individual flavour which are missing from the General Report and the published Annual Reports. As we were this time not de sperately pressed for space , we therefore decided to include 2 all available District Reports and Mission Re ports as well as the special reports on the Government School in Namanula and the Government Plantation in Kaewieng. As far as the statistics are concerned we were in a difficult position. On the one hand we could no longer simply refer the reader to the statistical appendixes of the published German version of the Reports , on the other hand the draft statistics were far from perfect and many of the handwritten figures were (at least on microfilm) difficult to read. Further , we felt that some topics were adequately covered in the General Report (for instance , population figures) and that the interest in others would be so limited that they would hardly be worth the effort (for instance , the detailed postal statistics); Ye t, in our opinion other equally specialised topics deserved special attention (for instance , labour recruiting and head tax) . When we began battling more seriously with the draft statistics , it emerged that in some cases the relevant data had simply not been available (for instance , for An imal Husbandry) but that other key statistics had already been sent to the Amtsblatt for publication (for instance , the plantation and 1 However, we have again limited ourselves to the Old Protectorate and have omitted, as far as practicable , all information relating to the Island Territory. 2 The District Office in Rabaul , being on the spot and closely linked with the General Section of the Government , did not prepare a separate report and that of the Sacred Heart Mission had, as mentioned , not been submitted. VI trade statistics for the Old Protectorate ). In view of all the se factors we took the following stand : we have omitted the p�pulation and postal statistics (but included a short general report on the postal services) , we have re published the plantation statistics and trade statistics wh ich the Government in Rabaul itself had selected for p1blic­ ation (in the latter case in a simplified version) , we have included the information on labour recruiting and head tax and have copad as best as we could with the draft shipping statistics . we also considered briefly whethe r we should go beyond the draft re port and its appandixes to fill the remaining gaps (for ex­ a� ple by trying to locate spacial medical reports or a report the Sacred Heart Mission might have prepared for other purp�ses for the p3rioj in que stion) , but decided against it. In conclusion the following points should p3rhaps be mentioned: First, we have inserted in square brackets the headings omitted in the General Report and have provided ref­ erences to other material in this volume which may assist in filling the se gaps . Second, as this volume covers only one a ye ar, we thm1ght that ..Sub ject index would not be required (a propa r name index has been included) • For the treatment of geographical names, German titles etc . see the explanations given in the main volume . May we remind readers that figures re lating to the whole Protectorate (including the Island Te rritory) are marked with an asterisk. Having said this, we can only express our hopa that this supplement will he lp to breathe more life into the Annual Re ports on German New Guinea, that, having looked at the District Re p�rts and Mission Re ports in particular it will become easier to read between the lines of the general reports to get behind the smooth official faqade presented and to appreciate various •games • wh ich went on at various levels as the re sult of various tensions .
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