Two new inland sites were discovered for Six-belted Clearwing, while Hornet also seem to have had a good year – or is it just that we are looking more closely? Details and other highlights can be found in Jim Wheeler’s Recorder’s Report.

Moths continue to receive mixed responses in the media, both nationally and locally. One local newspaper headline, “Plagued by moths” caught my attention, referring to an infestation of Indian Meal Moths in a household kitchen. At least, we now know about it for the records! The Horse Chestnut Leaf-miner Cameraria ohridella has often been portrayed as a villain. This year mines were also found on sycamore, adjacent to a heavily-infested horse chestnut. This is the first occasion such behaviour has been noted in Norfolk, but evidently this kind of overspill is already known from other areas. Whether the species will acquire a taste for this new host remains to be seen.

Our field meetings this year were mostly quite successful affairs, although on a couple of occasions beetles almost stole the show from the moths! Reports on these events form much of this newsletter, and as usual we must thank all those who helped in organising, running and attending the nights.

We are once again indebted to Matthew Oates and Andy Foster of the National Trust for permission to include the second part of their now infamous advice on recording “Winter Moths”.

Our spring workshop meeting next year will take place on Wednesday 17 March 2010, at 7.30 pm in the Orchard Room at Mangreen Hall, TG215030. Our topic will be Plume Moths in Norfolk, and we are very privileged to have national Plume expert Colin Hart as our guest speaker for the evening. Any ideas or suggestions for future workshops – or any other matters – are always welcome, as are articles for the newsletter – especially the spring editions.

As you will again note in Jim’s report, the number of records in the county database continues to grow. Much of the credit for this is obviously due to you, the moth recorders of Norfolk. Thank you all for your sterling efforts in adding to our knowledge of the county’s moths – and please keep sending those records in.

Ken Saul

THE COUNTY RECORDER’S PRELIMINARY 2009 REPORT

Many thanks to all who have been regularly sending in records this year, with c29,000 records from 2009 databased to date. This takes the total Norfolk records over 697,000* and counting!

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 2 of 12 So how will 2009 compare this decade? As you can see from these graphs, 2006 is going to take some beating…Find out in the next issue!

*Note: Data reflects digital records only, excluding several thousand paper records. With many 2009 records still to come in, I hope to publish a complete list of all the notable Norfolk records, including the micros, in the next spring newsletter. As an aperitif, I have put together some macro highlights (see list). Of special interest… Six-belted Clearwing: Two brand new VC28 sites located. Small Eggar: Larval records from VC28 of note. Cypress Pug: New County Record, Yarmouth. Rannoch Looper: Three migrant records this year, previous records from 1997. Bedstraw Hawk-moth: Resident population reported to be doing well. Small Ranunculus: First Norfolk record for a Century, Norwich. Pale-lemon Sallow: Three VC28 records of this Na species. Rush Wainscot: Well recorded this year at a known breck site. Obscure Wainscot: Singleton at new VC28 site, last recorded 2001*. Shaded Fan-foot: Four specimens from old site, not recorded there since 1991. Notable Migrants: Striped Hawk-moth, Ni Moth, Gem and a single Clifden Nonpareil - seemingly attracted to the famous Titchwell bacon buttys!

Don’t forget you can view all notable records as soon as they are entered into the database system by visiting the Norfolk Moths Website. (updated weekly*) www.norfolkmoths.co.uk/latest

Please keep sending in those records, most formats accepted, Speadsheets, Mapmate (CUK 8nt), email, or the on-line Recorder: www.norfolkmoths.co.uk/recorder

And finally, one small note about paper records. We are always happy to receive paper records of any kind. However, for anything other than casual records, it makes things far easier to input if you can use the standard pre-printed NMS record cards. These are available from Ken Saul.

Jim Wheeler County Recorder

HEIGHAM HOLMES - 20TH JUNE

This rather special, secret place is not normally open to the public, and is in effect an island accessible only via the chained pontoon-style bridge across the river Thurne at Martham Ferry. Managed by the National Trust, it is a wide open landscape, chiefly of grazing marsh intersected by dykes. It retains an air of mystery, with an interesting history, having been used as a secret airfield during the Second World War, for example. Its isolation also helps to ensure it is a haven for wildlife.

Typically, our expectations were spoiled by the weather. It had been a rather cool, grey rainy day, so it was no surprise when only a handful of us met up to await our crossing of the river. We were, however, joined by a couple on holiday who were keen to see some Broadland moths. Although the drizzle was petering out, you could sense that any clearance would cause a drop in temperature. Our spirits were lifted by the sight of a Hobby, while the whole exercise of getting across was quite an adventure in its own right.

We followed the track to the group of buildings and barns roughly in the centre of the site, and set up two MV traps and one actinic. Views of Barn Owl, Chinese Water Deer and Cranes were enjoyed. As dusk fell we witnessed the spectral dancing of male Ghost Swifts over the damp grassland.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 3 of 12 Most of the species recorded were familiar, including Drinker, Shoulder-striped Wainscot, and Vine’s Rustic. Commonest moth of the night was Middle-barred Minor – about the only one we saw in any numbers. Eyed and Elephant Hawks provided some added interest, as did Andy Beaumont’s discovery of a Red Underwing larva on a sallow bush.

Warden Steve Prowse conjured up cups of tea and chocolate biscuits, which were much appreciated as the air turned chill. Our species total of thirty-nine was disappointing, but perhaps predictable considering the weather. Our drive back to the crossing was curtailed by the large numbers of frogs and toads on the track – at least they seemed to be enjoying the damp.

Ken Saul

BUXTON HEATH – 27TH JUNE

This SSSI is being well managed through a large programme of restoration to secure its future as a diverse heath-with-fen area on glacial sands. There is much evidence of the dedication of volunteers from Buxton Heath Wildlife Group (BHWG), Norfolk Wildlife Trust and UEA students.

Buxton Heath has a complex series of communities with large variations in acidity. The main habitat is classified as being fen, marsh, swamp and lowland heath-land. Some traps were set in this area and we also investigated the adjourning woodland.

The site is rich in many aspects of wildlife. It is well known for the silver-studded blue butterflies, marsh gentians, adders, nightjars and nationally scarce mosses and lichen – and much else.

Being so well situated, our cause was further favourably assisted by the encouraging weather – mild, slightly humid and only a slight breeze. It was not surprising therefore, that such a large number of moths should come to the light-traps. The “count” was a remarkable 184 species – of which 65 were micro-moths.

Festoon was found frequently amongst the wooded part of this heath-land. There the rides and clearings suited the Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth well. The swampier habitat was suitable for Red-tipped Clearwing and Water Ermine.

The Dotted Fan-foot showed that its Norfolk family members are not confined to the Broads and the Pinion-streaked Snout tested our observation that it is not a pyralid or other micro-moth.

Those few species, as named, give some insight to the event. It was an interesting, productive and enjoyable evening. There was plenty to challenge all members of the NMS – whether novice or “time-served”! It will surely be memorable for the 20 persons who were there. It was pleasing to have some members of the BHWG with us.

This goes down as one of my best ever mothing evenings, but I am not going to close without mention of the glow-worms. The right place at the right time of year to witness these shining lights!

John Sutton

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 4 of 12 TYRREL’S WOOD ~ 18TH JULY

A good turn out of moth recorders and several bat enthusiasts embarked for the Norfolk Moth Survey visit at this ancient woodland near Pulham Market. The target moth was Shaded Fan-foot (See photo page), its only Norfolk haunt and not seen here since 1990.

Up to ten moth traps were deployed around an area of oak and with much bramble understorey, sugar was also offered as an amuse bouche.

A warm night ensued and resulted in a not too disappointing 124 species. Good numbers of July Highflyer, Small Fan-footed Wave, Dun-bar, Black Arches, Endotricha flammealis, Pandemis heparana, Apotomis betuletana, Gypsonoma dealbana and Argyresthia retinella were welcome.

Several large Morophaga choragella were of interest as were sightings of The Suspected, Slender Brindle, Herald, Beautiful Hook-tip and Scallop Shell. The sugar attracted several Copper Underwing.

Micromoth highlights were represented by several Cnephasia, those of longana, stephensiana and pasiuana with several Celypha rosaceana and Hedya nubiferana. Highlight though went to Norfolk’s first record of Spatalistis bifasciana a tiny colourful little tortrix moth. A Scoparine resembling Scoparia basistrigalis was retained for later examination and was proven to be a female of this species, thus confirming that they do indeed occur in Norfolk.

What about Shaded Fan-foot,…………….. after many Snout and Small Fan-foot we did see four tarsicrinalis all centred around three 125w Skinner moth traps positioned on the edge of bramble scrub.

Jon Clifton

KEN HILL ~ 25TH JULY

We were fortunate to visit the private grounds of Ken Hill Wood. We had pleasant clear weather, perhaps a little too cool for the moths. We were met by Jim of Natural England who invited us to put our traps as deep in the woodland as we wished, but the steep track was off-putting. Traps were spread between the open grassland edge and mixed woodland. One attracted the unwanted attention of hornets and was closed down. The moths were fairly slow to come, but we managed a respectable total of species. Highlights for me were Suspected, Knot Grass and Tawny-barred Angle. Various people left us, one to the pub and another to an alternative site at Holme until just three were left. At shut down, Ken and Keith‘s traps had attracted various moths new for the night and this delayed our departure. Did we fall foul of a time clock on the electric gate? The code would not work for us, but some magic saw our release.

Judith Wells

CRAFT PLANTATION, RAVENINGHAM ESTATE- 15TH AUGUST

This is a mixed plantation comprising exotic conifers, native and non-native broadleaves (including some specimen trees) all apparently under regular management for timber production. There is a network of mown paths, including a wider, open and grassy area.

Several MV and actinic traps were set up, mostly in the southern half of the wood, as well as some sugaring sites. Almost a hundred species of moths were identified from the

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 5 of 12 evening, including a few of particular interest. The sugared areas attracted many Copper Underwing moths Amphipyra pyramidea, though none were captured at the lights.

The proximity of the rivers Chet, Yare and Waveney probably explain a small number of wetland species that appeared in the wood, including Small and Ringed China-mark moths Cataclysta lemnata, Parapoynx stratiotata and Twin-spotted Wainscot Archanara geminipuncta. More typically woodland species were Maiden’s Blush Cyclophora punctaria, Black Arches Lymantria monacha, Vapourer Orgyia antiqua (larvae), and Maple Prominent cucullina. As well as Sycamore trees growing in the wood, a number of young roadside hedgerows nearby had a high proportion of Field Maple in them where, incidentally, many hundreds of Migrant Hawker dragonflies Aeshna mixta were still patrolling in the dimming light.

Evidence of Hornet Moths Sesia apiformis was found around the bases of Poplar trees spp. and the appearance of Olive Ipimorpha subtusa and Small Waved Umber Horisme vitalbata, in particular, were new to some people or at least welcome opportunities to see moths not often encountered in Norfolk. Canary-shouldered Thorn Ennomos alniaria indicated the approaching change in the seasons.

Among the micros, Ken informs me that Nemapogon clematella is a notable and unusual species for Norfolk. Also that, along with Maple Prominent, Caloptilia rufipennella, Phyllonorycter geniculella and Pammene aurita all have association with Sycamore.

Finally, one of the traps attracted a large longhorn beetle that was taken by Phil to identify later. It turned out to be Arhopalus rusticus (see photo page).

Keith Zealand

HOLKHAM GAP - 22ND AUGUST

Despite it being a generally warm day the temperature unfortunately didn’t hold up during the evening and it became quite chilly. As a consequence the two MV and single actinic traps only produced a mediocre catch of limited diversity.

Many of the species encountered were common generalists, the more interesting being Purple Bar, Blood Vein, White Satin, Six-striped Rustic, Tawny Shears, Small Fanfoot and Bee Moth. Coastal specialities were represented by several White-line Darts and large numbers of Archer’s Darts, plus a single example of the plume Agdistis bennetii. The only other species of note were a single Dark Sword-grass and more unusually a Brown Argus – not a species recorded that regularly in light traps!

Many thanks to the Holkham Estate for allowing and arranging access.

Phil Heath

LYNFORD ARBORETUM - 19TH SEPT - NATIONAL MOTH NIGHT 2009

After a little confusion over the location of this joint NMS, Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists Society and Butterfly Conservation evening, a small group of us met at the entrance gate to be greeted by Mike and Sheila Hume (Friends of Thetford Forest) for this, the last NMS field meeting of the year. The weather was favourable and five MV traps and an actinic were set at the far end of the site.

A surprising 53 Species were recorded on the night, with several Autumnal favourites making an appearance. Brindled Green, Black Rustic, Brick, Orange Sallow, several Red-green Carpet and Autumnal Rustic plus a few interesting micros including

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 6 of 12 Ypsolopha sequella and Dioryctria simplicella. A late flying Clouded Magpie, Marbled White Spot and Rosy Footman were unexpected guests, plus a very heavily marked Spruce Carpet (see photo page) was of note.

The only migrants of the evening were Rush Veneer and Diamond-back moth.

As this was the first time the site had been trapped in September, 26 of the 53 species were new site records! 11 species were also 10k records, this due mainly to the location of the site, in the same 10k square as the 'out of bounds' Bodney/Stanford military training area.

Also of note on the night, was a spectacular looking Diving beetle attracted to one of the MV traps. It caused much excitement and confusion as it appeared to be covered in molluscs! (see photo) Beetle expert Garth Foster later identified the specimen from the photo taken as either Dytiscus semisulcatus or dimidiatus (see photo page).

This was the second visit I had made to Lynford this year, recording a whopping 163 species back on 3rd July, including Coronet (20+), Festoon, Blackneck, Pretty Chalk Carpet and a moth I had never seen before... Broom-tip (see photo page).

This all brings the site total up to 370 species.

Jim Wheeler

THE OATES-FOSTER METHOD STRIKES AGAIN!

In a seminal paper originally published a year ago in NCN, Vol 12, Issue 2, p 7, we summarised a dynamic new method for monitoring populations of winter moths - during early evening car rat-run commuting. We rightly claimed it to be a major breakthrough in biological monitoring: ‘the world’s first car-based method for monitoring populations, and the first that makes little attempt to identify species.’ In this second paper we reassert and further justify those claims.

Methodology

Monitoring continued during the 2008-09 winter, unabashed. It commences when the clocks go back and ends when the evenings lighten in early February, and is conducted consistently during the early evening rush hour period as we endeavour to escape from the bowels of Swindon. With regard to the general parameters, we record temperature (off the dash board thermometer), wind speed and direction, sky conditions and precipitation, and whether the vegetation is saturated, damp, dry or frozen. With regard to target , the method covers an aggregation of perhaps up to five species, most of which can only be separated by male genitalia dissection – something that is neither advisable, sensible nor practical whilst driving. So we lump the lot together as ‘winter moths’. This season, in the interests of Science, we excelled ourselves and took a single specimen, which turned out to be the common Winter Moth Operophtera brumata. The paucity of sampling is due to us being in too great a hurry to escape from the bowels and get home and feed our respective cats. There was also an element of ennui. This winter, a general increase in traffic meant that monitoring became effectively restricted to a mile-long section of lane, known to us as The Paths of the Dead (as in, ‘It was made by the dead and the dead keep it’). This is a narrow short cut that no other driver dare use, as it takes longer than the main road, and, if two vehicles meet, one of them has to reverse back to the junction. Grass grows linearly along the middle of the lane, which is bordered by singularly boring hedges of hawthorn.

Results

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 7 of 12 Once again, ‘winter moths’ were recorded frequently along The Paths of the Dead, with a maximum of 56 one evening in mid December. Analysis of the data suggests that they favour temperatures over 3ºC and that numbers are greatly reduced by wind (from any direction) above Light on a crude scale, rain any heavier than Light-Moderate and, perhaps interestingly, by saturated vegetation. They definitely favour calm, dry and mild evenings, over 6ºC. Evidence suggests, strongly, that they are short lived – noctemeral, or whatever the nocturnal equivalent of ephemeral may be. They are also incredibly stupid: 60% of them gravitate instantly towards the car headlights (driven in 3rd gear at a steady 30mph), and get splatted. This may explain why numbers were generally down this winter, at least in part – for hedge trimming was definitely more severe, and took place earlier, and during the peak emergence period. In effect, much of the mile was severely wrecked. Of course, the ‘winter moths’ may actually be breeding on scattered oak trees in the fields, rather than in the (wrecked) hedges. In addition, we record anything else that may be of interest. This winter the Paths of the Dead also produced an attractive young blonde female jogger, one rat, and three chavs on mopeds. During December, Wiltshire County Council (Whom God Preserve) erected a temporary speed-recording device in Purton, half a mile on from the Paths of the Dead. This flashing sign malfunctioned spectacularly, randomly recording speeds that, incredibly, correlated directly with the number of ‘winter moths’ we had just observed! Finally, on several occasions we found the stimulation of biological monitoring so acute that we were forced to retreat to the gay bar that has recently opened in the (obscure) village of Crudwell.

Discussion

Incredibly, this is the only piece of remotely scientific work that has been attempted on ‘winter moths’, globally. Its significance is therefore considerable. It is quite clear that if widely adopted and consistently applied, its use would lead to a breakthrough in the understanding of important aspects of the ecology of the winter moth group. We do, though, not recommend it, as it is Silly and becomes obsessive. We have yet to record a female and consider the entire Paths of the Dead ‘winter moth’ population to be homo-parthenogenic.

Matthew Oates & Andy Foster

THE 2009 NORFOLK MIGRANTS LIST

I have listed the migrant records received by me up to 27th October. As usual I have not listed the common migrants such as Silver Y, Dark Sword-grass, Rush Veneer, and Plutella xylostella.

Dave Hipperson

Date Vernacular Taxon Site Recorder Quan. Method 10-Apr Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Edgefield Green I. Keymer 1 Day obs. 24-May Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Swanton Pools B. Pummell 1 Unknown 25-May Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Sheringham Park M. Fisher 1 Day obs. 31-May Striped Hawk-moth Hyles livornica Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 Day obs. 08-Jun Bordered Straw Heliothis peltigera Hindolveston J. & A. Clifton 1 MV 08-Jun Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Gunthorpe S. Mills 1 MV 12-Jun Rannoch Looper Itame brunneata Watton C. Pye 1 Actinic 13-Jun Rannoch Looper Itame brunneata Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 28-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Sheringham Park K. Zealand 1 Day obs. 01-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Blakeney Point E. Stubbings 1 Unknown 03-Jul Scarce Black Arches Nola aerugula Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 8 of 12 Date Vernacular Taxon Site Recorder Quan. Method 09-Jul Scarce Black Arches Nola aerugula Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 10-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Filby D. Hipperson 1 Day obs. 11-Jul Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Holme-next-Sea P. Tilley 1 MV 12-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 19-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Worthing C. Fenn 1 Unknown 23-Jul Small Mottled Spodoptera exigua Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 25-Jul Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Norwich C. Dawson 1 Actinic 31-Jul Gem Orthonama obstipata Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 31-Jul Small Mottled Willow Spodoptera exigua Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 3 MV 02-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Repps-with-Bastwick S. Wright 1 Day obs. 02-Aug Rusty-dot Pearl Udea ferrugalis Holme-next-the-sea J. Andrews/S. Barker 1 MV 03-Aug Rusty-dot Pearl Udea ferrugalis Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 04-Aug Rusty-dot Pearl Udea ferrugalis Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 3 MV 04-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 04-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 04-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 04-Aug Small Mottled Willow Spodoptera exigua Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 05-Aug Evergestis extimalis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 05-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Weybourne F. Lambert 1 MV 05-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 05-Aug Small Mottled Willow Spodoptera exigua Upwell J. Wheeler 1 Actinic 07-Aug Rusty-dot Pearl Udea ferrugalis Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 08-Aug Ni Moth Trichoplusia ni Holme Dunes G. Hibberd 1 MV 08-Aug Rusty-dot Pearl Udea ferrugalis Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 2 MV 09-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 11-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum South Acre M. Holmes 1 Day obs. 14-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum South Acre M. Holmes 1 Day obs. 22-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Snettisham R. & R. Evison 1 Day obs. 22-Aug Bordered Straw Heliothis peltigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 23-Aug Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 23-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Scolt Head Island N. Lawton 1 MV 27-Aug Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Brancaster T. Bellars 2 Unknown 27-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Holme-next-the-sea J. Andrews/S. Barker 1 MV 28-Aug Bordered Straw Heliothis peltigera Wells-next-the-Sea P. Gosling 1 Blacklight 28-Aug Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Upwell P. Millard 1 MV 31-Aug Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Eccles On Sea N. Bowman 1 MV 03-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Snettisham R. & R. Evison 1 Day obs. 08-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli North Walsham J. Appleton 1 Day obs. 09-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli North Walsham J. Appleton 1 Day obs. 12-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beachamwell S. Pennell 1 Day obs. 14-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Burnham Deepdale K. Clarke 1 Day obs. Titchwell RSPB 15-Sep Clifden Nonpareil Catocala fraxini Reserve P. Eele 1 Day obs. 18-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Cringleford S. Turner 1 Unknown 19-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum South Acre M. Holmes 1 Day obs. 19-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Briston P. Walton 1 Day obs. 19-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Snettisham R. & R. Evison 1 Day obs. 20-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Snettisham R. & R. Evison 1 Day obs. 21-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Snettisham R. & R. Evison 1 Day obs. 22-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum South Acre M. Holmes 1 Day obs. 07-Oct Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Overstrand G. Bond 1 Day obs. 07-Oct Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Holme-next-the-sea J. Andrews/S. Barker 1 Day obs. Date Vernacular Taxon Site Recorder Quan. Method 07-Oct Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Dersingham R. Evan Jones 1 Day obs.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 9 of 12

PHOTOGRAPHS

Broom-tip Spruce Carpet photo by courtesy of Jim Wheeler photo by courtesy of Jim Wheeler

Rannoch Looper Small Ranunculus photo by courtesy of Angela Pye photo by courtesy of Ian Lindsay

CypressPug Shaded Fan-foot photo by courtesy of Ian Mills photo by courtesy of Keith Zealand

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 11 of 12 Dytiscus semisulcatus or dimidiatus Arhopalus rusticus beetle Photo courtesy of Joan Saul Photo courtesy Keith Zealand

Bactra robustana Convolvulous Hawkmoth larva Photo courtesy of Jon Clifton Photo courtesy of Mandy Grant

Ni moth Clifden Nonpareil Photo courtesy of Steve Mills Photo courtesy of Sandra Tilley

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 76 Page 12 of 12