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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information THE SENSUOUS IN THE COUNTER-REFORMATION CHURCH This book examines the promotion of the sensuous as part of religious experience in the Roman Catholic Church of the early modern period. During the Counter-Reformation, every aspect of religious and devotional practice, including the role of art and architecture, was reviewed and the invocation of the fi ve senses to incite devotion became a hotly contested topic. Protestants condemned the material cult of veneration of relics and images, rejecting the importance of emotion and the senses and instead promoting the power of rea- son in receiving the Word of God. After much debate, the Church concluded that the senses are necessary to appreciate the sublime and that they derive from the Holy Spirit. As part of its attempt to win back the faithful, the Church embraced the sensuous and promoted the use of images, relics, liturgy, proces- sions, music, and theater as important parts of religious experience. Marcia B. Hall is The Carnell Professor of Renaissance Art History and Dir- ector of Graduate Studies at Tyler School of Art, Temple University. She is the author and editor of several books, including The Sacred Image in the Age of Art: Titian, Tintoretto, Barocci, El Greco, Caravaggio ; After Raphael ; and Renovation and Counter Reformation: Vasari and Duke Cosimo in Santa Maria Novella and Santa Croce, 1564–77 . Tracy E. Cooper is Professor of Art History at Tyler School of Art, Temple University. She is the author of Renaissance , and her book Palladio’s Venice: Architecture and Society in a Renaissance Republic received the Phyllis Goodhart Gordan Prize from the Renaissance Society of America as well as a Special Mention for the Premio Salimbeni. She is the recipient of numerous fellowships, including, most recently, ones from the Renaissance Society of America and the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information THE SENSUOUS IN THE COUNTER- REFORMATION CHURCH Edited by MARCIA B. HALL Temple University TRACY E. COOPER Temple University © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473, USA Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107013230 © Cambridge University Press 2013 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2013 Printed in the United States of America A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data The sensuous in the Counter-Reformation church / [edited by] Marcia B. Hall, Tracy E. Cooper. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-107-01323-0 (hardback) 1. Counter-Reformation in art. 2. Senses and sensation – Religious aspects – Christianity. 3. Counter-Reformation. I. Hall, Marcia B. II. Cooper, Tracy Elizabeth. N7862.S467 2012 704.9′482088282–dc23 2011047851 ISBN 978-1-107-01323-0 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information v CONTENTS List of Illustrations page vii Contributors xi Acknowledgments xv INTRODUCTION . 1 Marcia B. Hall ON THE SENSUOUS: RECENT COUNTER-REFORMATION RESEARCH . 21 Tracy E. Cooper TRENT, SACRED IMAGES, AND CATHOLICS’ SENSES OF THE SENSUOUS . 28 John W. O’Malley THE WORD MADE FLESH: SPIRITUAL SUBJECTS AND CARNAL DEPICTIONS IN RENAISSANCE ART . 49 Bette Talvacchia HOW WORDS CONTROL IMAGES: THE RHETORIC OF DECORUM IN COUNTER-REFORMATION ITALY . 74 Robert W. Gaston “LA CUSTODIA DEGLI OCCHI”: DISCIPLINING DESIRE IN POST-TRIDENTINE ITALIAN ART . 91 Maria H. Loh © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information RAFFAELLO BORGHINI AND THE CORPUS OF FLORENTINE ART IN AN AGE OF REFORM . 113 Stuart Lingo CENSURE AND CENSORSHIP IN ROME, vi c. 1600: THE VISITATION OF CLEMENT VIII AND THE VISUAL ARTS . 136 Contents Opher Mansour PAINTING VIRTUOUSLY: THE COUNTER-REFORM AND THE REFORM OF ARTISTS’ EDUCATION IN ROME BETWEEN GUILD AND ACADEMY . .161 Peter M. Lukehart CARLO BORROMEO AND THE DANGERS OF LAYWOMEN IN CHURCH . .187 Richard Schofi eld “TO BE IN HEAVEN”: ST. PHILIP NERI BETWEEN AESTHETIC EMOTION AND MYSTICAL ECSTASY . 206 Costanza Barbieri REBUILDING FAITH THROUGH ART: CHRISTOPH SCHWARZ’S MARY ALTARPIECE FOR THE JESUIT COLLEGE IN MUNICH . .230 Jeff rey Chipps Smith “UNTIL SHADOWS DISPERSE”: AUGUSTINE’S TWILIGHT . .252 Meredith J. Gill A MACHINE FOR SOULS: ALLEGORY BEFORE AND AFTER TRENT . 273 Amy Powell Bibliography 295 Index 331 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information vii ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Federico Barocci, Crucifi xion with the Madonna and St. John and St. Sebastian . Genoa, cathedral page 5 2. Perino del Vaga, Drawing for the side wall, Massimi Chapel in Trinit à dei Monti, Rome. Budapest, National Gallery 13 3. Domenico Beccafumi, Moses Breaking the Tablets of the Law . Pisa, cathedral 14 4. Parmigianino, Madonna and Child with Saints and an Angel . Bologna, Pinacoteca 15 5. Pietro Lorenzetti, Deposition . Assisi, Lower Basilica of S. Francesco 53 6. Carlo Crivelli, Saint Francis with the Blood of Christ . Milan, Museo Poldi-Pezzoli 55 7. Parmigianino, Madonna of the Rose . Dresden, Gemäldegalerie 57 8. Andrea Pisano, Art of Sculpture . Florence, Museo dell’Opera del Duomo 61 9. Benvenuto Cellini, Crucifi x . San Lorenzo, El Escorial 63 10. Nicholas Dorigny, after Raphael, Healing of the Lame Man (tapestry cartoon) 67 11. Giovanni di Paolo, Paradise (fragment). New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 71 12. Workshop of Titian, Cupid . Vienna, Gem ä ldegalerie der Akademie der bildenden K ü nste 92 13. Correggio, Reclining Magdalene . Formerly Dresden, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Gemä ldegalerie Alte Meister 93 14. Author’s reconstruction of Illustration 12 94 15. Cristofano Allori, Penitent Magdalene . Florence, Galleria Palatina 95 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B. Hall and Tracy E. Cooper Frontmatter More information 16. Orazio Gentileschi, Penitent Magdalene . Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum 107 17. Jean Tassel, Penitent Magdalene . Dijon, Mus é e des Beaux-Arts 109 18. Agnolo Bronzino, Christ in Limbo . Florence, Museo viii dell’Opera di Santa Croce 114 19. Giambologna, Rape of the Sabine . Florence, Loggia dei Illustrations Lanzi 119 20. Agnolo Bronzino, Resurrection . Florence, S. Annunziata 123 21. Michelangelo Buonarroti, Doni Tondo . Florence, Galleria degli Uffi zi 127 22. Agnolo Bronzino, Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence . Florence, S. Lorenzo 129 23. Altar of the Blessed Virgin, before renovation in 1603– 13. Rome, S. Maria Maggiore 143 24. Perino del Vaga, The Creation of Eve , before restoration. Rome, S. Marcello al Corso, Chapel of the Crucifi xion 144 25. Guglielmo della Porta, Justice , from the funerary monument of Paul III. Rome, St. Peter’s Basilica 145 26. Scipione Pulzone, The Lamentation of Christ. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 148 27. Daniele da Volterra, The Deposition . Rome, SS. Trinit à dei Monti 149 28. Niccol ò da Pesaro, Allegories of Prudence and Glory. Rome, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Della Tolfa Chapel 153 29. Michelangelo Buonarotti, The Last Judgment . Vatican City, Sistine Chapel 164 30. Michelangelo Buonarotti, The Last Judgment , detail. Vatican City, Sistine Chapel 165 31. Federico Zuccaro, Taddeo Drawing after the Antique; In the Background Copying a Facade by Polidoro 170 32. Federico Zuccaro, Taddeo in the Belvedere Court in the Vatican Drawing the Laoco ö n 170 33. Federico Zuccaro, Taddeo Copying Raphael’s Frescoes in the Loggia of the Villa Farnesina, Where He Is Also Represented Asleep 171 34. Federico Zuccaro, Taddeo in the Sistine Chapel Drawing Michelangelo’s Last Judgment 171 35. Federico Zuccaro, Salus Publica , detail. Rome, Casa Zuccari, vault of the Sala del Disegno 173 36. Federico Zuccaro, Vault of the Sala del Disegno. Rome, Casa Zuccari 174 37. Federico Zuccaro, Scientia , detail. Rome, Casa Zuccari, vault of the Sala del Disegno 175 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01323-0 - The Sensuous in the Counter-Reformation Church Edited by Marcia B.
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