DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Uncaria Tomentosa and Uncaria Guianensis an Agronomic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Uncaria Tomentosa and Uncaria Guianensis an Agronomic Ciência Rural ISSN: 0103-8478 [email protected] Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Gomes Honório, Isabela Cristina; Waléria BertoniI, Bianca; Soares Pereira, Ana Maria Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis an agronomic history to be written Ciência Rural, vol. 46, núm. 8, agosto, 2016, pp. 1401-1410 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33146372015 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v.46,Uncaria n.8, p.1401-1410, tomentosa and ago, Uncaria 2016 guianensis an agronomic history http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20150138 to be written. 1401 ISSN 1678-4596 BIOLOGY Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis an agronomic history to be written Uncaria tomentosa e Uncaria guianensis uma história agronômica a ser escrita Isabela Cristina Gomes HonórioI Bianca Waléria BertoniII Ana Maria Soares PereiraII — REVIEW — ABSTRACT para viabilizar a cadeia produtiva dessas espécies. A conclusão é que U. guianensis é menos estudada do que U. tomentosa sob The Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis todos os aspectos avaliados. Ambas as espécies são exploradas species, which are endemic plants in the Amazonian region, de forma extrativista. Entretanto, não foram encontrados are highlighted as medicinal plants mainly because of their relatos de manejo sustentável, nem estratégias de conservação anti-inflammatory activity. The vegetal drug and various types ou domesticação, ou ainda plantios em larga escala que possam of extracts have been commercialized by pharmaceutical atender de modo contínuo a demanda mundial da indústria industries and distributed in several countries, thus configuring farmacêutica. Além disso, não há quantidade suficiente para the economic potential of both species. The objective of the abastecer o programa nacional do Ministério da Saúde, que present research was to collect agronomical data published in pretende disponibilizar fitoterápicos produzidos a partir de PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus databases and analyze the main Uncaria a todos os municípios brasileiros. subjects that were either investigated or not investigated to enable the production chain of these species. The conclusion Palavras-chave: Uncaria, unha de gato, plantas medicinais, is that U. guianensis has been less studied than U. tomentosa extrativismo. under all aspects evaluated. Both species have been exploited in an extractivistic way. However, no report was found on either sustainable management or conservation or domestication INTRODUCTION strategies or yet large scale production that can continuously attend the global demand of the pharmaceutic industry. Furthermore, the amount currently produced is insufficient to Mankind has always found solutions to its supply the program of the Ministry of Health, which intends to health problems in nature. The use of plants in the provide herbal drugs from Uncaria to all Brazilian cities. treatment and cure of diseases is as old as the human Key words: Uncaria, cat´s claw, medicinal plants, extractivism. species. For millennia, medicinal plants corresponded to about 90% of the medications used to the relief and RESUMO healing of diseases (CUNHA et al., 2003). Data from the World Health Organization As espécies Uncaria tomentosa e Uncaria (WHO) showed that at some point of life about 80% of guianensis, plantas endêmicas da Amazônia, destacam-se como plantas medicinais por apresentarem principalmente the world population has used a medicinal plant in the atividade anti-inflamatória. A droga vegetal e diversos tipos search for relief from some unpleasant symptom, and de extratos são comercializadas por indústrias farmacêuticas at least 30% of them were prescribed by physicians distribuídas em vários países, configurando o potencial (MARTINS et al., 2003). In the early 1990s, the WHO econômico de ambas as espécies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reunir dados agronômicos publicados nas bases de dados reported that 65-80% of the population in developing PubMed, SciELO e Scopus para analisar os principais temas countries depends on medicinal plants as the only way que já foram investigados ou que ainda precisam ser abordados to access for basic healthcare (VOLPATO, 2005). In IUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Campus Botucatu, Fazenda Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, nº 1780, 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. Corresponding author. IIUniversidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Received 02.02.15 Approved 01.13.16 Returned by the author 05.05.16 CR-2015-0138.R3 Ciência Rural, v.46, n.8, ago, 2016. 1402 Honório et al. addition, the WHO also recognizes that traditional Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins; whereas, knowledge on biodiversity products is an important U. tomentosa is mainly distributed in the States of tool to develop new drugs. They are expected to be Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, and Pará (PEREIRA & useful in fighting diseases that afflict populations LOPES, 2006). who live in developing countries (WORLD HEALTH These species are typical of tropical ORGANIZATION, 2003). and subtropical humid climates, needing favorable Tropical forests, which are located in weather conditions (temperatures: 17.0-25.7°C; developing countries such as Brazil, are the major rainfalls: 1200-6000mm) during the year for their sources of biodiversity. These forests represent about development (ZEVALLA & ZEVALLOS, 1996). one third of the world flora. However, countries They develop in soils of alluvial origin and sandy such as USA, Japan, and some in Europe were those loam or open clay texture (SHUNKE, 1998), with that most profited from the trade of natural products pH values ranging from strongly acidic to slightly from these forests (KLEIN et al., 2009). Tropical alkaline, abundant organic matter in poorly drained forests have half of about 500,000 species of plants or flooded areas (ZEVALLOS et al., 2000). estimated to exist in the world, and less than 1% of They grow in various geo environments, them were researched for pharmacological activity and the mean number of individuals per hectare is (MARTINS et al., 2003). variable in floodplain (33), secondary forest (10.7) Species from the genus Uncaria, which and mainland (1.7) (MIRANDA et al., 2001). The are among plants with a significant therapeutic species U. tomentosa occurs in soils rich in organic and economic potential, occur in tropical forests, matter, areas of primary forests, salt marshes and especially in Amazonia. This genus includes the banks of watercourses; whereas, U. guianensis tribe Coptosapelteae (LAUS, 2004), specifically grows in secondary forests, riverbanks and roads. subtribe Mitragyninae (KEPLINGER et al., 1999), This species has a high capacity to colonize subfamily Cinchonoidae (MUR et al., 2002), and anthropized and degraded areas, being considered family Rubiaceae. invader in abandoned pasture areas. In Brazilian Among botanists, there is not yet regions where U. guianensis occurs naturally, consensus regarding the number of species that it is found more abundantly and frequently than compose the genus Uncaria. However, DWYER the species U. tomentosa (GUEVARA, 1995; (1980), SHULTES et al., (1990), and SOUKUP MIRANDA et al., 2001). (1987) mention that there are 60, and GENTRY Both species are used by traditional people (1993) reports that 50 species. in Amazonia in the treatment of various diseases The genus Uncaria includes species such as asthma, arthritis, dermatitis, diabetes, with an expressive medicinal potential, e.g., U. gastritis, gonorrhea, inflammation of the genito- formosana, U. guianensis, U. macrophylla, U. urinary tract, irregularity in the menstrual cycle, viral rhynchophylla, U. sinensis and U. tomentosa processes, tumors (benign and malignant), and ulcers (FALKIEWICZ & LUKASIAK, 2001). U. (VILCHES, 1997). guianensis e U. tomentosa are among the most Although they are widely mentioned in commercialized species worldwide. ethnopharmacological surveys, data collected in the The species U. guianensis is found in PubMed showed that the species U. tomentosa has areas between the 08o04’00”N-17o32’00”S and been studied for a longer period (1974-2014) and 44o56’00”E - 78o25”42”W coordinates (altitudes: the numbers of studies published are greater (164) 7-1010m), in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and researches have been led by the USA (34) and Guyana, French Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and followed by Brazil (21). Articles published with Venezuela. Whereas U. tomentosa is distributed U. guianensis are more recent (1983-2014) and a between the 15o30’00”N-13o36’00”S and smaller number (14) as compared to U. tomentosa, 51o58’00”E - 89o00”00”W coordinates (altitudes: and the United States (3) and Brazil (3) are also 5-750m), in areas including Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, the countries that most published on this species Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, (PUBMED, 2014). According to the SciELO French Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, database, 40 studies were published on U. tomentosa Peru and Venezuela (ZEVALLOS-POLLITO (29) and U. guianensis (11). These numbers are also & TOMAZELLO FILHO, 2010). In Brazil, the reported in the Scopus database. species U. guianensis is found
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phytochemicals Are Natural Resources of Food Supplement for Happier People
    Horticulture International Journal Review Article Open Access Phytochemicals are natural resources of food supplement for happier people Abstract Volume 3 Issue 6 - 2019 Cacao plants are used for a widespread range of diseases and used in different forms such 1 2 as the full of magnesium for a healthy heart, brain for human, highest plant-based source Fakhrul Islam Sukorno, Shariful Islam, Ak of iron and used as mood elevator like a natural mood elevator and anti-depressant. Maca Lutful Kabir,3 Celia Vargas de la Cruz,4 Sakila are widely used in increases energy level and stamina. It is effectively used in women’s Zaman,5 Gali Adamu Ishaku6 health and mood like alleviates menstrual and menopause issues. Quinoa contains all the 1Department of Pharmacy, North south University, Bangladesh nine essential amino acids, almost twice as much fiber as most other grains and perfect 2Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Bangladesh for people with gluten intolerance. Goldenberry helps to prevent certain chronic diseases; 3Faculty of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Dhaka, low in calories only has about 53 calories per 100 grams and modulates immune function. Bangladesh 4 Lucuma contains beneficial nutrients that sugar lacks. It can help the digestive system Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Centro work properly and improves the transportation of oxygen into cells. Purple Corn helps Latinoamericano de Enseñanza e Investigación en Bacteriología the regeneration of cells and connective tissues. Could reduce cancer risk as anthocyanins Alimentaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú 5Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, could kill cancer cells. Prevents degeneration of cells and slows aging process.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncaria Tomentosa (Uña De Gato)
    REVISTA MÉDICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA Volumen 6, Número 1, Artículo 4 Abril-Septiembre 2012 ISSN: 1659-2441 Publicación semestral www.revistamedica.ucr.ac.cr ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION ESTUDIO DE VALIDACIÓ N PRECLÍNICA DEL USO TRADICIONAL ANTI -TUMORAL DE UNCARIA TOMENTOSA (UÑA DE GATO) 1,2 1 Díaz Oreiro, Cecilia y Vargas Arroyo, Mariángela 1Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica 2Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica Resumen: Uncaria tomentosa ha sido usada en varios países como una medicina anti -inflamatoria y anti- tumoral, pero debido a sus efectos farmacológicos esta planta ha sido colectada extensivamente y enfrenta la extinción. A pesar de su uso tradicional anti-tumoral, el extracto acuoso de la corteza de la raíz fue el extracto menos activo. La preparación hidroalcohólica de la corteza de la raíz mostró una LD 50 entre 150 y 500 µg/mL y los extractos de las hojas (acuoso e hidroalcohólico) mostraron LD 50 tan bajas como 180.1 µg/mL. El índice de selectividad mo stró que excepto por las células de astrocitoma y leucémicas, todas las líneas tumorales fueron de 2-8 veces más sensibles a los extractos que las células no -tumorales. Alcaloides pentaciclicosoxindólicos (mitrafilina, isomitrafilina, uncarina C y uncarina E) están presentes en los extractos y probablemente juegan un papel en los efectos citotóxicos sobre las líneas celulares tumorales. Nuestro estudio sugiere que las raíces de Uncaria tomentosa podrían ser reemplazadas por las hojas para obtener buenos resultados farmacológicos, protegiendo así la planta de la extinción.
    [Show full text]
  • Unnatural Spirocyclic Oxindole Alkaloids Biosynthesis in Uncaria Guianensis Received: 2 July 2018 Adriana A
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Unnatural spirocyclic oxindole alkaloids biosynthesis in Uncaria guianensis Received: 2 July 2018 Adriana A. Lopes1, Bianca Chioca1, Bruno Musquiari1, Eduardo J. Crevelin2, Accepted: 15 July 2019 Suzelei de C. França 1, Maria Fatima das G. Fernandes da Silva 3 & Ana Maria S. Pereira1 Published: xx xx xxxx Spiro-oxindole scafolds have been studied due to their promising therapeutic potential. In the Amazon rainforest there are two important Uncaria species known as “cat’s claw”, which biosynthesize spirocyclic oxindole alkaloids; Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC. and Uncaria guianensis (Aublet) Gmell. We carried out a precursor-directed biosynthesis approach with U. guianensis and successfully obtained oxindole alkaloid analogues with molecular mass corresponding to the addition of a methyl or fuorine group on the oxindole ring using tryptamine analogue precursors. Two of these novel oxindole alkaloid analogues (3b-7-methyl-isomitraphylline and 3c-6-fuoro-isomitraphylline) were isolated and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Having established a substrate feeding protocol for these plantlets, the biosynthetic route for mitraphylline (1), rhynchophylline (2), isomitraphylline (3) and isorhynchophylline (4) was also investigated using 13C-precursors (1-13C-D- glucose, 2-13C-tryptophan, 1-13C-DL-glyceraldehyde, and methyl-13C-D-methionine). Natural products and their derivatives have been, and continue to be, a source of inspiration in the drug discovery domain. Currently, between 50–70% of all small molecule therapeutics used today are natural product inspired1. In general, modifcations to the natural product structure to yield “new-to-nature compounds” ofen result in either improved biological or pharmacological activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Decrease in Dengue Virus-2 Infection and Reduction of Cytokine/Chemokine Production by Uncaria Guianensis in Human Hepatocyte Cell Line Huh-7
    458 Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 112(6): 458-468, June 2017 Decrease in Dengue virus-2 infection and reduction of cytokine/chemokine production by Uncaria guianensis in human hepatocyte cell line Huh-7 Cíntia da Silva Mello1, Ligia Maria Marino Valente2, Thiago Wolff2, Raimundo Sousa Lima-Junior1,3, Luciana Gomes Fialho1, Cintia Ferreira Marinho1, Elzinandes Leal Azeredo1, Luzia Maria Oliveira-Pinto1, Rita de Cássia Alves Pereira4, Antonio Carlos Siani5, Claire Fernandes Kubelka1/+ 1Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 2Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 3Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Normal Superior, Manaus, AM, Brasil 4Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil 5Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil BACKGROUND Dengue fever may present hemorrhages and cavitary effusions as result of exacerbated immune responses. We investigated hydro-alcoholic extracts from leaves (UGL) and bark (UGB) of the medicinal species Uncaria guinanensis with respect to antiviral effects in Dengue virus (DENV) infection and in immunological parameters associated with in vivo physiopathological features. METHODS Chemical profiles from UGB or UGL were compared in thin layer chromatography and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance using flavonoid compounds and a pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid-enriched fraction as references. DENV-2-infected hepatocytes (Huh-7) were treated with extracts. Cell viability, DENV antigens and immunological factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or flow cytometry. FINDINGS The UGL mainly differed from UGB by selectively containing the flavonoid kaempferitrin.
    [Show full text]
  • Immunomodulating and Antiviral Activities of Uncaria Tomentosa on Human Monocytes Infected with Dengue Virus-2 Sonia Regina I.N
    International Immunopharmacology (2008) 8, 468–476 www.elsevier.com/locate/intimp Immunomodulating and antiviral activities of Uncaria tomentosa on human monocytes infected with Dengue Virus-2 Sonia Regina I.N. Reis a, Ligia M.M. Valente b, André L. Sampaio c, Antonio C. Siani d, Mariana Gandini a, Elzinandes L. Azeredo a, Luiz A. D'Avila e, José L. Mazzei e, Maria das Graças M. Henriques c, Claire F. Kubelka a,⁎ a Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil b Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil c Departamento de Farmacologia Aplicada, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, FIOCRUZ, Brazil d Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil e Departamento de Processos Orgânicos, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Received 2 September 2007; received in revised form 20 November 2007; accepted 27 November 2007 KEYWORDS Abstract Uncaria tomentosa; Dengue; Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC., a large woody vine native to the Amazon and Central American Cytokines; rainforests has been used medicinally by indigenous peoples since ancient times and has Immunomodulator; scientifically proven immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activ- Alkaloids; ities. Several inflammatory mediators that are implicated in vascular permeability and shock are Antiviral produced after Dengue Virus (DENV) infection by monocytes, the primary targets for virus replication. Here we assessed the immunoregulatory and antiviral activities from U. tomentosa- derived samples, which were tested in an in vitro DENV infection model. DENV-2 infected human monocytes were incubated with U.
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicological Aspects of the South American Herbs Cat's Claw
    Toxicol Rev 2005; 24 (1): 11-35 REVIEW ARTICLE 1176-2551/05/0001-0011/$34.95/0 © 2005 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved. Toxicological Aspects of the South American Herbs Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) and Maca (Lepidium meyenii) A Critical Synopsis Luis G. Valerio Jr1 and Gustavo F. Gonzales2 1 Division of Biotechnology and GRAS Notice Review, Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA* 2 Department of Biological and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Altura, Lima, Peru Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................12 1. Uncaria tomentosa: Identity and Composition .........................................................................14 1.1 Source ..........................................................................................................14 2. Chemistry ..........................................................................................................15 3. Medicinal Uses ......................................................................................................16 3.1 Traditional Use ...................................................................................................16 3.2 Current Use .....................................................................................................16 3.3 Dose and
    [Show full text]
  • List of References Supporting the Assessment of Uncaria Tomentosa (Willd
    10 March 2015 EMA/HMPC/259599/2014 Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) List of references supporting the assessment of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. Ex Schult.) DC., cortex Draft The European Medicines Agency acknowledges that copies of the underlying works used to produce this monograph were provided for research only with exclusion of any commercial purpose. Abe S, Ishibashi H, Masuo K, Tanaka S, Yamaguchi H. [Supression of carrageenan-induced edema by oral administration of extracts of Uncaria tomentosa and/or Harpagophytum procumbens.] Pharmacometrics 2002, 62(2/3):27-31 [Japanese] Aguilar JL, Rojas P, Marcelo A , Plaza A, Bauer R, Reininger E et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of two different extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2002, 81(2):271- 276 Åkesson C, Lindgren H, Pero RW, Leanderson T, Ivars F. An extract of Uncaria tomentosa inhibiting cell division and NF-kappa B activity without inducing cell death. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 2003a, 3(13-14):1889-1900 Åkesson C, Lindgren H, Pero RW, Leanderson T, Ivars F. Quinic acid is a biologically active component of the Uncaria tomentosa extract C-Med 100. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 2005, 5(1):219-229 Åkesson C, Pero RW, Ivars F. C-Med 100, a hot water extract of Uncaria tomentosa, prolongs lymphocyte survival in vivo. Phytomedicine 2003b, 10(1):23-33 Allen-Hall L, Arnason JT, Cano P, Lafrenie RM. Uncaria tomentosa acts as a potent TNF-alpha inhibitor through NF-kappaB. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2010, 127(3):685-693 Allen-Hall L, Cano P, Arnason JT, Rojas R, Lock O, Lafrenie RM.
    [Show full text]
  • Antifungal Activity of Uncaria Tomentosa (Willd.) D.C
    Industrial Crops and Products 69 (2015) 7–14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Industrial Crops and Products journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/indcrop Antifungal activity of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) D.C. against resistant non-albicans Candida isolates Renata Cougo Moraes a, Aline Jacobi Dalla Lana a, Samuel Kaiser a, Anderson Ramos Carvalho a, Luis Flávio Souza de Oliveira b, Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria a,c, George González Ortega a,∗ a Programa de Pós Graduac¸ ão em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Santana, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 90610-000, Brazil b Programa de Pós Graduac¸ ão em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Universitário, Uruguaiana, RS CEP: 96400-100, Brazil c Programa de Pós Graduac¸ ão em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente (PPGMAA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 90050-170, Brazil article info abstract Article history: This study investigated in vitro antifungal activity of the hydroethanolic extract (EXT), quinovic acid gly- Received 22 October 2014 cosides (QAPF), oxindole alkaloids (OAPF), water-soluble (WSF) and insoluble fractions of polyphenols Received in revised form 17 January 2015 (WIF) obtained from Uncaria tomentosa bark against non-albicans Candida resistant isolates. Cytotoxicity Accepted 19 January 2015 and genotoxicity of the major fractions were also assayed. Growth inhibition was assayed by the broth Available online 16 February 2015 microdilution method according to the CLSI M27-A3 guideline. The most active fractions were evaluated regarding cell ultrastructure, sorbitol metabolism, and infrared (FT-IR) analysis of pseudomycelia of C.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora Digital De La Selva Explicación Etimológica De Las Plantas De La
    Flora Digital De la Selva Organización para Estudios Tropicales Explicación Etimológica de las Plantas de La Selva J. González A Abarema: El nombre del género tiene su origen probablemente en el nombre vernáculo de Abarema filamentosa (Benth) Pittier, en América del Sur. Fam. Fabaceae. Abbreviata: Pequeña (Stemmadenia abbreviata/Apocynaceae). Abelmoschus: El nombre del género tiene su origen en la palabra árabe “abu-l-mosk”, que significa “padre del almizcle”, debido al olor característico de sus semillas. Fam. Malvaceae. Abruptum: Abrupto, que termina de manera brusca (Hymenophyllum abruptum/Hymenophyllaceae). Abscissum: Cortado o aserrado abruptamente, aludiendo en éste caso a los márgenes de las frondes (Asplenium abscissum/Aspleniaceae). Abuta: El nombre del género tiene su origen en el nombre vernáculo de Abuta rufescens Aubl., en La Guayana Francesa. Fam. Menispermaceae. Acacia: El nombre del género se deriva de la palabra griega acacie, de ace o acis, que significa “punta aguda”, aludiendo a las espinas que son típicas en las plantas del género. Fam. Fabaceae. Acalypha: El nombre del género se deriva de la palabra griega akalephes, un nombre antiguo usado para un tipo de ortiga, y que Carlos Linneo utilizó por la semejanza que poseen el follaje de ambas plantas. Fam. Euphorbiaceae. Acanthaceae: El nombre de la familia tiene su origen en el género Acanthus L., que en griego (acantho) significa espina. Acapulcensis: El nombre del epíteto alude a que la planta es originaria, o se publicó con material procedente de Acapulco, México (Eugenia acapulcensis/Myrtaceae). Achariaceae: El nombre de la familia tiene su origen en el género Acharia Thunb., que a su vez se deriva de las palabras griegas a- (negación), charis (gracia); “que no tiene gracia, desagradable”.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncaria Tomentosa (Willd
    24 November 2015 EMA/HMPC/259599/2014 Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) List of references supporting the assessment of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC., cortex Final The European Medicines Agency acknowledges that copies of the underlying works used to produce this monograph were provided for research only with exclusion of any commercial purpose. Abe S, Ishibashi H, Masuo K, Tanaka S, Yamaguchi H. [Supression of carrageenan-induced edema by oral administration of extracts of Uncaria tomentosa and/or Harpagophytum procumbens.] Pharmacometrics 2002, 62(2/3):27-31 [Japanese] Aguilar JL, Rojas P, Marcelo A, Plaza A, Bauer R, Reininger E et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of two different extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2002, 81(2):271-276 Åkesson C, Lindgren H, Pero RW, Leanderson T, Ivars F. An extract of Uncaria tomentosa inhibiting cell division and NF-kappa B activity without inducing cell death. Int J Immunopharmacol 2003a, 3(13- 14):1889-1900 Åkesson C, Lindgren H, Pero RW, Leanderson T, Ivars F. Quinic acid is a biologically active component of the Uncaria tomentosa extract C-Med 100. Int J Immunopharmacol 2005, 5(1):219-229 Åkesson C, Pero RW, Ivars F. C-Med 100, a hot water extract of Uncaria tomentosa, prolongs lymphocyte survival in vivo. Phytomedicine 2003b, 10(1):23-33 Allen-Hall L, Arnason JT, Cano P, Lafrenie RM. Uncaria tomentosa acts as a potent TNF-alpha inhibitor through NF-kappaB. J Ethnopharmacol 2010, 127(3):685-693 Allen-Hall L, Cano P, Arnason JT, Rojas R, Lock O, Lafrenie RM. Treatment of THP-1 cells with Uncaria tomentosa extracts differentially regulates the expression if IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Sede Quito
    UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA SALESIANA SEDE QUITO CARRERA: INGENIERÍA EN BIOTECNOLOGÍA DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES Trabajo de titulación previo a la obtención del título de: INGENIERAS EN BIOTECNOLOGÍA DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES TEMA: DESARROLLO DE UN PROTOCOLO DE PROPAGACIÓN in vitro DE Geranium chilloense Willd. ex Kunth. Y Lupinus pubescens Benth. PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE PLANTAS COMPLETAS, PARA LA PRIMERA ETAPA DE RESTAURACIÓN DE LAS QUEBRADAS DE QUITO AUTORA (S): THALY GABRIELA BENAVIDES SILVA ADRIANA ISABEL CÓRDOVA MUÑOZ DIRECTOR/A IVONNE DE LOS ÁNGELES VACA SUQUILLO Quito, mayo del 2015 DECLARATORIA DE RESPONSABILIDAD Y AUTORIZACIÓN DE USO DEL TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN Autorizamos a la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana la publicación total o parcial de este trabajo de titulación y su reproducción sin fines de lucro. Además, declaramos que los conceptos y análisis desarrollados y las conclusiones del presente trabajo son de exclusiva responsabilidad delas autoras. Quito, mayo del 2015 _____________________________ Adriana Isabel Córdova Muñoz C.I. 1723284277 _____________________________ Thaly Gabriela Benavides Silva C.I. 1716302847 DEDICATORIA A Dios por todas las bendiciones que he recibido en mi vida. A mis padres Fanny y Manuel, por su apoyo incondicional, por los valores que me han inculcado y por haberme dado la oportunidad de tener una excelente educación durante el transcurso de mi vida. A mi hermana Andrea, por estar conmigo en las buenas y en las malas y ser mi ejemplo a seguir. A mi novio Jonathan, por estar siempre a mi lado compartiendo mis alegrías y mis tristezas y brindándome su amor incondicional. A mi hija Paula Emilia, que ha sido mi fortaleza y mi mayor impulso para seguir adelante y cumplir con mis metas.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncaria Tomentosa in the Treatment of the Herpes Labialis: Randomized Double-Blind Trial 59
    ARTIGO ARTICLE UNCARIA TOMENTOSA IN THE TREATMENT OF THE HERPES LABIA L IS : RANDOMIZED DO U B L E -BL IND TRIA L UNCARIA TOMENTOSA NO TRA T AMEN T O DE HERPES LABIA L : ES T UDO DUP L O -CEGO RANDOMIZADO Luiz Querino A Caldas1, Beni Olej1, Helvo Slomp2, Margareth O Timóteo1, Luiz Guilherme Velarde1, Hélio Duarte1, José Luis R Rosati1, Silvana RF Moreno1, Lívia Maria L Silva1, Verônica de Paula do Destêrro1, Fernanda M Valle1, Thiago O Serra1 ABSTRACT Introduction: the lesions caused by herpes simplex are common and have symptoms affecting the quality of life of affected people. Objective: this study aims to assess the safety efficacy of cream withUncaria tomentosa (cat’s claw), for topical treatment of the herpes labialis. Methods: a clinical investigation was undertaken by means of controlled, randomized, double-blinded protocol in humans. According to the regulatory procedures, 74 patients were selected based on inclusion/exclusion criteria previously submitted to the Local Ethical Committee (no 144/02) whenever herpes labialis lesion appeared. Following, those selected through medical evaluation received either the test (Uncaria) or the reference (Acyclovir) drug. Results: fifty-four episodes of herpes labialis lesions ecloded in 31 volunteers. After their clinical assessment, one showed 4 episodes, two had 3 episodes and six had 2 infections. Hence, 27 patients received the reference drug while 27 applied the Uncaria cream four times a day. Overall, there were not significant differences between either responses. Although, the Uncaria group showed lower scores on the first two days of treatment (p < 0,005; t = 0,028), on day 3, it was even to Acyclovir.Conclusion : the assessment of clinical efficacy of either treatment demonstrated that both drugs were safe as no adverse reactions were reported.
    [Show full text]