In This Index Fellow of the Royal Society Is Abbreviated to FRS and President to PRS

Index

In this index Fellow of the Royal Society is abbreviated to FRS and president to PRS.

Abbott, E. C. see Gadow, Hans and E. C. Abbott automata 51, 51nn4–5 Abel, Frederick Augustus 177, 177n1, 179 Avebury, Baron see Lubbock, John Aberdeen University, Huxley as rector 35, 36, 36n1, 42–3; his inaugural address 42, 43n1 Abney, William de Wiveleslie 85, 85n2, 115, 148, 149, 187, 220 Babbage, Charles 269, 269n2 ‘The solar spectrum ...’ 143, 144n1, 145 Baer, Karl Ernst von 12 Acade´mie Royale des Sciences, Paris 145 Autobiography 12n3 Acland, Sir Henry Wentworth 240, 240n3, RS Copley Medal awarded to 12n3 241, 242 Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von 118, 119n4 acquired characteristics 23 [Bale], [unidentified] 31 advertising 261, 261n2 Balfour, Arthur James Macmillan’s advertisement for Huxley: Lessons Foundation of belief 307; Huxley’s reply to: in elementary physiology 136–7 ‘Mr Balfour’s attack on agnosticism’ 307n2, Airy, George Biddell 40, 40n3 308 Albert, Prince Consort 269n2 Balfour, Francis Maitland xvi, 40n4, 44, 44n1, Allchin, William Henry 48, 48n1, 61, 70, 81 52–3, 53n1, 65, 67, 231 Alter, Peter Huxley on 79, 142 The reluctant patron ... xiin5, xviin14 lectures by 68 amphioxus 55, 56, 232, 233 ‘On the development of the spinal nerves in anatomy 8, 28, 80, 81, 234 elasmobranch fishes’ 65n6, 66 animals, cruelty to 73, 73n1 death xvi, 79, 79n1; Foster’s obituary notice 88, see also vivisection 89n1 Antarctic expedition, Australian colonies proposal see also Foster, M. and Francis M. Balfour for 193, 193n1 Bancroft, Marie Effie (Mrs Squire Bancroft) 64, Antarctic ice 202, 202n1 64n4 Anthropological Society 28n4 Bancroft, Squire 64, 64n4 anthropology 22, 22n4 Baranowska, Maria von see Dohrn, Maria the Apollo Belvedere 30 St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London 242, 243 Argyll, eighth Duke of see Campbell, George Bathybius xviii, xviiin18, 64, 64n4, 65, 65n8 Douglas Beale, Lionel Smith 271, 272n3, 273 Armstrong, Sir William George 41, 41n6, 46, 63, Beard, John 187, 187n1 150, 150n3 Beckett, William, first Baron Grimthorp 259 Arnold, Julia (Matthew’s niece) see Huxley, Julia ‘Tithes and teetotalism’ 259n1 Arnold, Matthew 133n1 Bedford, Bishop of 191, 191n2 death 221, 221n1 Belfast University 97 Association for Promoting a Professorial Bendyshe, Thomas 6n4 University for London 267, 267n1, 273, 273n2, Beneden, Edouard Van 142, 142n1, 295 274, 274n2, 275n5 Benson, Edward White, Archbishop of Canterbury controversy over 271, 272n1 232 atheism/agnosticism xviii, 6, 6n4, 86n2, 307n2 Besant, Annie 85, 86n2 the Athenaeum xvi, 34, 80, 99, 122, 133, 153, 154, Bibby, Cyril 167, 281 T. H. Huxley: scientist, humanist, and educator Committee 261 xiiin7 elections to 262–3, 263n2, 264, 264n3 Scientist extraordinary: the life and scientific Australia 76, 182, 234 works of Thomas Henry Huxley xin2 BAAS proposed 1888 meeting in Sydney 169, Bidder, George Parker 199, 199n1 169n3 ‘Bill to make more effectual provision for the Colonies of Australia centenary, 1888 169n3 prevention of cruelty to animals 1876’ (HC) 73, Huxley in xii, 185n1 73n1 Royal Society of Victoria 173n1 Bowler, Peter J. see Lester, Joseph Sydney University 41n2 biology xiv, 36, 81, 84, 154, 177, 231–2, 282n1

311 Index birds, study of 232, 233 Burdon Sanderson, John Scott 62, 62n4, 115, 276 birth control 86, 86n2 see also Klein, E. et al. Blake, Edith (Sir Henry’s wife) 263, 263n1 Burkhardt, Frederick and Sydney Smith (eds) The Blake, Sir Henry 263n1 correspondence of Charles Darwin xin1 Bluett, George Augustus 222, 223n1 Busk, George 138, 138n1 Board of Trade 98, 98n2, 157, 157n3, 158, death 260, 260n1 167, 246 Buxton, Constance (ne´e Lubbock) (Sir John’s bone/bone structure 104, 105 daughter) (Mrs Sydney Buxton) 271, 271n4 Bonnet, Charles 51, 51n5 Buxton, Sydney 271n4 Booth, General William 253, 253n3, 254, Byron, George Gordon, sixth Baron 254nn1–2 The vision of judgement 148 Huxley on 253n3, 254n2 In darkest England 255n3 H. M. Stanley on 255, 255n1, 256 botany 35 Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company 77n2, Huxley’s interest in 168; work on gentians 170, 144 171–2, 175, 180, 180n2, 188, 189 Cambridge University 43, 52, 53n1, 77nn2–3, Bourne, Alfred Gibbs 118n3 99n4, 162nn1–3 Bower, Frederick Orpen 129n3 Lucasian professorship 58n2 Bradlaugh, Alice (Charles’s daughter) 85, 86n2 Rede Lecture, June 12 1883 88, 89n2 Bradlaugh, Charles 86, 86n2, 238, 239n4 Sadleirian professorship 162n3 Bradley, George Granville, Dean of Westminster Special Board for Biology and Geology 162n2 120, 121n2 Stokes as MP for 194, 194n1, 195–6, 197, 198–9, Brady, George Stewardson (Henry’s brother) 50, 203, 204, 205, 206, 206n1, 259n2 50n2 Cambridge University colleges Brady, Henry Bowman 40, 41, 41n1, 50, 50n2, Christ’s 188, 188nn1–2 214–16, 214n1, 219 Gonville and Caius: Harvey dinner, June 21 1893 British Association for the Advancement of 280, 280n2 Science (BAAS) (BA) 65, 149, 215, 241, 245–6 St John’s 59n1 Aberdeen meeting, September 1859 21, 22n2 Trinity 44n1, 53n1, 233, 233n1; Foster as Fellow Australia, proposed meeting in, 1888 169, 169n2 xiv, 205n1; as praelector in physiology xiv, Bath meeting, August 1888 224 22n3, 23, 23n1 Belfast meeting, [August] 1874 47, 51, 51nn1–2 Cambridge University Medical School 70n1 Birmingham meeting, [August/September] Foster as lecturer xiv–xv 1886, 169, 169n1 Cambridge University Sedgwick Museum 161, Darwin: Origin of species, debate over xii 162n1 Sir John Evans on committee 245 Campbell, George Douglas, eighth Duke of Argyll Foster as president xiv 118, 119n2, 255, 256 Manchester meeting, 1887 191, 191n2 ‘Professor Huxley on the warpath’ 255n1 meetings 8, 10, 23n1, 47n1; see also individual Cardwell, Edward, first Viscount 71, 72, 72n2, 75 meetings Carlisle, Bishop of 191, 191n2 officers 47, 47n1, 83n3 Carnarvon, Henry Herbert, fourth Earl of 71 Marquis of Salisbury as president 295n1, 296, Carpenter, Philip Herbert 92n3 296n1 as assistant master, Eton College 164, 165n1 Tyndall as president 51, 51nn1–2 ‘On a new crinoid from the southern sea’ 92, British Medical Association (BMA) 64, 64n3 92n3, 93 British Museum (BM) 307, 308 Carpenter, William Benjamin 8, 8n4, 58 Huxley as trustee 260, 307 Principles of mental psychology 51, 51n6 Brown Animal Sanatory Institution 100n1 Carter, Robert Brudenell 274, 275n1 Browne, Janet cartilage/connective tissue 104, 105 Charles Darwin ...xiiin6 Carus, Julius Victor 54, 55n1 Brown-Se´quard, Charles Edward 23, 23n1 cascara sagrada 160, 160n1, 162 ‘On apparent transmission of abnormal Cattermole, M. J. G. and A. F. Wolfe conditions due to accidental causes’ 23n1 Horace Darwin’s shop 77nn2–3 Brucke,€ Ernst Wilhelm 10 Cayley, Arthur 161, 162n3, 182 Brugsch, Emile 80, 80n4 Challenger Committee xvi, xvii–xviii, 173, 174–5, Brunton, Thomas Lauder 24, 25n5 187, 197, 199, 221, 307 Buckle, George Earle 277, 278, 278n1 Annual Reports 173–4 Foster and 282 Hooker on 174, 210

312 Index Challenger expedition 55n1, 59n2 Courtenay, (Foster’s demonstrator at Cambridge) funding/estimates 173–6, 196, 209–11 168 oceanic deposits, work on 210, 211 Courtney, L (MP) 98, 100 Reports of the Scientific Results ...150, Crawford, Mrs Virginia 156n1 150nn1–2, 210, 211, 211n4, 212–13; Murray crayfish 167 as editor 211 Creasey, C. H. see Eve, A. S. and C. H. Creasey Chamberlain, Joseph 98, 98n2 Cumberbatch, Lawrence Trent 83, 83n1 Charcot, Jean-Martin 199, 200n1 Cunningham, John Thomas 80, 80n2, 254n2, Charing Cross Hospital, London xii 303n1 cholera 97, 97nn1–2, 113, 114, 114n2, 126, 127n2, letter to The Times on Huxley and William Booth 145 254, 254n2, 302 Christie, Sir William Henry Mahoney 115, 118 Darwinian Society proposed by 302, 303, 305 Church Congress, Reading, 1883 97n2 current affairs 127, 127n3, 128n2, 156, 156n1, 167, circulation system 11 258, 258nn1–2 Clark, Sir Andrew 109–10, 110n1, 111n1, 120, 121, William Booth and the Salvation Army 253, 125, 132, 133, 138 253n3, 254–5, 254nn1–2, 255n1, 256, 302 as FRS 134, 134n1 Queen Victoria’s golden jubilee, 1887 172, as president, College of Physicians 260n1 173n2, 178n1 classical education 209 see also political issues the sciences and xv, 150–52, 151n1, 209 Richard Clay and Sons (printers) 8, 105, 105n1, 107, 129 Cleland, John 52, 52n2 Daily News 12, 12n1 Cleve, Per Theodor 300, 301n1 Dalby, William Bartlett 147, 147n1 William Clowes Ltd (printers) 163, 163n3 Dana, James Dwight 118, 119n3 Cobbe, Frances Power 58, 58n3, 62 Darwin, Annie (Charles’s daughter) xiii College of Physicians 80 Darwin, Charles xi, xii, xviii Baly Medal awarded to Foster 260, 260n1 Christ’s College, Cambridge, commemorative Clark as president 260n1 tree at 188, 188n2 Harveian Oration 260n1 his health xix Collier, Lady Isabella (Baroness Monkswell) Huxley and xi, xiii, 33, 297; see also Darwin: (John’s mother) 156, 156n1 The origin of species Collier, John (husband of I: Marian Huxley; II Ethel Huxley’s obituary notice for 88, 89n2, 212, Huxley) 77n4, 120, 123, 127, 223, 238, 240, 269, 212n1, 217, 220, 221, 244, 245 300 Marine Zoological Station, Naples, his support his health 236 for 40n4, 44 portrait of Hooker 222 statue of, in South Kensington 136n1 portrait of Huxley 222, 222n1 Darwin, Charles: The origin of species xii, 220, second marriage 235, 235n1 221, 297 Collier, Joyce (Marian and John’s daughter) 112, BAAS debate on xiii 113n1, 238, 238n2, 254, 256 Huxley’s defence of (as Darwin’s Bulldog) her health 261, 262, 263, 264 xii–xiii, 27, 244, 244n1 Collier, Lilian (Sir Robert’s niece) 123, 123n1 Huxley on 212 Collier, Sir Robert 123, 123n1 Darwin, Emma (ne´e Wedgwood) (Mrs Charles Collier, Robert Porrett, first Baron Monkswell Darwin) 138, 194 (John’s father) 156n1 Darwin, (Sir) Francis (Frank) (Charles’s son) 77, [Collings], [unidentified] 74, 123 262, 262n1, 263 the colonies The life and letters of Charles Darwin (ed.) 221 Imperial Institute for (proposed) 177, 177n1, Darwin, George Howard (Charles’s son) 115 178, 178n1, 179 Darwin, Horace (Charles’s son) 76, 77, 77n4, 183 science in 172, 173n1 Darwinian Society (proposed) 302, 303, 305 see also Australia Darwinism, Huxley’s coining of xiii committees/committee work xvi–xvii Dawson, Warren R. see also individual committees/institutions The Huxley papers 3n1, 65n1, 77n1, 184n1 Comte, Auguste 5, 5n1 Dawson, Sir William 186, 186n2 Contemporary Review 27, 27n1 de Cobain, Edward Samuel Wesley, MP 258, 258n2 copyright(s) 56, 57, 125, 126, 137 de la Rue, Warren 115, 117, 118 Coquelin, Beno^t-Constant 220, 220n1 Deacon, Margaret Cornu, Marie Alfred 118, 119n3 Scientists and the sea xviiin17

313 Index Deceased Wife’s Sister Bill 1889 235, 235n1 Eckersley, Thomas Lydwell (Alfred and Rachel’s degrees/qualifications, awarding of 208, 209 son) 177n2 see also examinations; medical/scientific e´craseur (surgical instrument) 198, 198n2 education Edinburgh University 52n2, 54, 55n1, 56, 63, 63n1, Dendy, Arthur 214, 214n2 64, 69, 69n1, 78 Department of Science and Art (government Lankester at 140 department), South Kensington xii, 18, 18n2, 72, Edmonds, Georgina see Foster, Georgina 108n2, 151, 163, 183, 265 education see examinations; medical/scientific examinations set by see examinations education function/purpose 239n3 Education Act 1870 24, 24n1 Huxley’s leave of absence from 121, 123; his Egypt 29, 97 resignation 135n2 RS funding for experimental borings at Nile delta lectures at see teaching/lecturing (Zagazig) 165, 166, 166nn1–2, 171, 172n1, Derby, Frederick Arthur Stanley, sixteenth Earl of 191, 191n1, 192, 199, 201, 210, 218, 244 Derby 71, 72n4 Egyptian Exploration Fund (Egyptian Exploration Descartes, Rene´ 51, 51n5 Society) 80, 80n3, 165 Desmond, Adrian Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried 64, 64n5 Huxley: from devil’s disciple to evolution’s high Eisig, Hugo 114, 114n3 priest xin2, xiiin6, xviiin18, 3n4, 24n2, 72n6, elasmobranches 53n1 185n1, 200n1, 202n1, 253n3, 280n1 electricity 99n2 Devonshire Commission Report xvii Eliot, George 6n2, 240n4 Dew-Smith, Albert George 40, 40n5, 41, 44, 44n1 Middlemarch 205n1 lithographic work 144, 146 Elliott Bros 77 his scientific instrument shop 76–7, 77n2 embryology 40n1, 53n1, 55, 142, 233 see also Foster, M. and A. G. Dew-Smith energy dissipation, law of 99n2 Dewar, James 274, 275n2, 282n2, 283 engineers/engineering 77 as Royal Institution Fullerian Professor of see also instrument makers Chemistry 283n1 engravings see illustrations/engraved plates Dickins, [unidentified] 231, 232 Etheridge, Robert 115 Dilke, Sir Charles Wentworth 156, 156n1, 167 Ethnological Society Disraeli, Benjamin 71, 72n3, 73, 166, 213 Huxley as president 28, 28n4 Lothair 213n1 Eton College 164, 165n1 dogfish 231–2, 233 Huxley as governor 165n1 Dohrn, Anton xvii, xviin15, 31–2, 32n1, 40, 40n4, Evans, Frederick John Owen 115, 118 41n3, 43, 44, 46, 63, 65, 114, 199 Evans, Sir John (RS treasurer) 90, 91n2, 92, 93, 94, marriage 48, 48n3 95, 95n1, 96, 101, 109, 110, 111, 114, 115, 118, see also Marine Zoological Station, Naples 124, 129n2, 130, 132, 143, 145, 146, 165, 171, Dohrn, Maria (ne´e Baranowska) (Mrs Anton 172, 174, 176, 181, 196, 199, 200, 203, 211, 213, Dohrn) 48, 48n3, 114, 116 214, 216, 217, 262, 263, 271 Donnelly, John Fretcheville Dykes 18, 18n2, 78, BAAS and 245 115, 120, 121, 124, 126, 137, 164, 169, 172, 187, Huxley on 116–17, 167, 197, 275, 277, 302–3 203, 236, 259, 268 Marine Biological Association and 208, 218, 219 Donovan, C. Eve, A. S. and C. H. Creasey ‘On the brain in the study of ethnology’ 22, 22n4 Life and work of John Tyndall 16n1, 98n2, 185n2 Dumas, Alexandre evolutionary theory 96–7 Les freres corses (The Corsican brothers) 118, Charles Darwin on xii–xiii, 212; see also 119n1 Darwin: The origin of species Dumford, Richard, Bishop of Chichester 168, Huxley on xiii 169n1 examinations/examination papers 17, 18, 22, 31, Dundee University 78n1 37, 38, 39, 42, 45, 47–8, 51–3, 54, 56, 61, 70, 78, Dutrieux Bey 145, 145n2 100–101, 137–8, 148, 155, 159, 163, 164, 170, Dyer, see Thiselton-Dyer, William Turner 171, 176, 177, 178, 183, 184, 191, 208, 213, 214, 231–4, 285–6 assistant examiners, payment of 181, 183 Oxford/Cambridge university examinations ears 106 151–2, 152n1, 209, 231–2 East Sussex Royal Infirmary 193n1 Scottish university examinations 209 Eckersley, Alfred (Rachel Huxley’s husband) for women 153n1 113n2, 163, 163n2, 183 see also teaching/lecturing

314 Index Falconer, Hugh 120 Foster, Michael (Jr) (cont’d) Fanning, William (Mrs Henrietta Huxley’s Huxley’s influence on xiv, 21 brother-in-law) 185, 185n1 as MP for Cambridge xv Faraday, Michael xi, 16n1, 269, 269n2 as a naval surgeon xiv, xviii Farnell, Henry Dawson 266, 266n1, 308 photograph of frontis., 242, 243 Farrar, Frederick William 64, 65n3 social/family life xvi, xviii, 27, 30, 33, 38, 39, 42, Faunthorpe, Rev. John Pincher 153, 153n1 45, 49, 54–5, 58, 60, 68, 73, 133, 147, 149, 167, Ferrier, David 47, 48n1, 61, 70 245, 246, 265, 267, 378, 286, 387, 295, 300, Fick, Adolf 3, 4, 4n2 301, 303, 304 Figari Bey 166, 166n2, 171 work pressures 267, 268 Fine Art Society 242 Foster, M. (Jr): Letters to Thomas Henry Huxley xi, fish vertebrae 65n5, 66, 290, 290n2 xiii, xiv, xv Fisheries Commission xvii, 79, 79n2, 87, 88, 89, No. 1 December 27 [1867] 3 90, 135, 139 No. 2 [1865] 3–4 Huxley’s resignation from 135n2 No. 5 October 22 1865 5–6 fisheries department/council, proposal for 157, No. 6 November 29 [1865] 6–7 158–9 No. 7 August 20 1866 7–8 Fishmongers’ Company 82, 83n1 No. 8 July 15 [1867?]9 Flower, Sir William Henry 79, 79n1, 96, 97n2, 115, No. 12 January 17 [1868] 12 117, 118, 181, 196, 219n2 No. 23 [October 29 1869] 18–19 Fol, Hermann 142, 142n1 No. 24 November 3 1869 19 Foreign Office 145, 145n1 No. 25 November 8 [1869] 19–20 Forel, François-Alphonse 188, 188n3 No. 26 January 20 1870 20–21 Forster, W. E. 24, 24n1, 234 No. 27 [April/May 1870] 21–2 Fortnightly Review 5, 6n2, 27, 27n2 No. 31 December 31 1870 24–5 Harrison: ‘Mr Huxley’s controversies’ 272, No. 47 [1873] 35–6 272n4; Huxley’s response 272n4 No. 60 [April 1 1874] 40n5, 44 fossils, vegetable 211, 212 No. 73 October 1 [1874] 52–3 Foster, George Carey 115, 149, 149n2 No. 77 January 19 [1875] 56–7 Foster, Georgina (neé Edmonds) (Mrs Michael No. 79 January 29 [1875] 58–9, 60n1 Foster I) 8 No. 80 January 31 [1875] 59 marriage xiv, 19n1 No. 87 September 14 [1875] 64–5 death xiii, xiv, 18–19, 21–2 No. 89 November 17 [1875] 41n6, 67 Foster, Margaret Sarah (neé Rust) (Mrs Michael No. 91 December 9 [1875] 68 Foster II) 39, 49, 54, 65, 73, 76, 79, 117, 132, 157, No. 102 July 13 [1876?] 76–7 158, 194, 201, 206, 208, 225, 304 No. 104 January 3 1881 78–9 foreign travel 181, 224, 227, 240 No. 119 September 22 1883 91–2 her health 306 No. 121 September 26 [1883] 94 marriage 33n3 No. 122 October 1 1883 (Telegram) 95 theatre, interest in 220 No. 123 October 2 1883 95–6 Foster, Mercy (Michael Jr’s daughter) 111, 111n2, No. 137 September 18 [1884] 107 181, 224, 306 No. 143 October 22 [1884] 98n1, 111, 122n5 Foster, Michael (Jr) xiii–xv, 40n4 No. 146 December 2 [1884] 114–15 birthday 128 No. 147 December 4 1884 115–16, 118n2 career xiii–xv No. 149 December 10 1884 117–18 character xv No. 150 December 13 1884 118–19 education xiv; medical xiv No. 152 January 9 1885 121–2 family xiii, xiv, 8, 27, 31, 65, 153, 154; see also No. 153 January 14 1885 123 individual family members No. 156 February 7 1885 126–7 financial position xv, 12, 15, 28, 66, 87, 142–3 No. 158 March 8 1885 128–9 foreign travel xiv, 20, 64–5, 144, 181, 224, 227, No. 160 March 20 1885 131–2 240 No. 164 May 4 [1885] 135 as a gardener 268 No. 173 August 2 [1885] 141 as a general practitioner xiv, 21 No. 177 September 10 1885 144–5 his health xiv, 20–21, 24, 73, 157, 158, 232, 234, No. 185 December 30 1885 99n3, 151–2 280, 286, 296, 301 No. 187 January 30 1886 153 Huxley on 272–3, 296 No. 192 April 3 1886 157 on Huxley 7–8 No. 205 [September 12 1886] 169–70 as Huxley’s demonstrator xiv, xv No. 207 [September 1886] 171

315 Index Foster, M. (Jr): Letters to Thomas Henry Huxley Foster, M. (Jr): Letters to Thomas Henry Huxley (cont’d) (cont’d) No. 209 November 7 1886 172–3 No. 385 May 26 1895 308 No. 210 [December 1886] 173 Letters from Huxley see Huxley, T. H: Letters to No. 211 December 10[1886] 173–4, 211n2 Michael Foster (Jr) No. 213 [undated/incomplete] 175 Foster, M. (Jr): publications xv, 5–6 No. 214 December 28 1886 175–6 ‘Animals and plants’ 14n1 No. 216 February 19 1887 177 ‘Science in schools’ 14n1 No. 221 April 22 1887 180–81 A text book of physiology 5th edition xv, 228, No. 225 June 20 [1887] 184 228n1, 239, 239n1, 247, 248n1 No. 226 [June 1887] 184 Foster, M. and Francis M. Balfour No. 241 November 16 [1887] 196–7, 208n1 The elements of embryology 40, 40n1, 51, 51n6, No. 243 November 20 [1887] 198–9 55; dedication to Huxley 55, 55n2 No. 246 November 20 [1887] 195n1, 201 Foster, M. and A. G. Dew-Smith No. 248 December 1 1887 203 ‘On the behaviour of the hearts of mollusks ...’ No. 250 December 2 1887 205 58, 58n1, 59, 65, 65n7 No. 252 [December 4 1887] 206 Foster, M. and Lewis E. Shore No. 255 January 11 1888 208 Physiology for beginners 270–71, 271n3, 290, No. 257 [January 1888] 209–10, 219n1 290n1 No. 258 February 11 1888 210–11 Foster, Michael (III) (Michael Jr’s son) 230, 230n1, No. 260 February 19 [1888] 212–13 231, 234, 235, 241, 253 No. 262 February 28 1888 214 as a doctor 255, 256 No. 263 March 10 [1888] 214–15 family 290 No. 264 March 19 1888 215 Foster, Michael (Sr) (Michael Jr’s father) xiv, 19 No. 266 March 22 1888 216 Foulger, Emily Gertrude see Pye-Smith, Emily No. 268 April 9 [1888] 218–19 Gertrude No. 271 April 4 1888 220 Fowler, Thomas 120, 121n1, 126 No. 275 August 20 1888 223–4 France 37n1, 117, 145, 181, 189 No. 279 October 8 [1888] 227 Frankland, Percy Faraday 276, 277, 277n1 No. 282 November 1 [1888] (as RS secretary) 229 [Fraser], [unidentified] 97 No. 284 November 10 1888 230 French, Richard D. No. 286 December 9 [1888] 231–3 Antivivisection and medical science in Victorian No. 288 December 17 [1888] 234 society 35n2, 72n2 No. 290 January 27 [1889] 235 frogs 33, 231, 232 No. 295 September 24 1889 239 Fruits of philosophy (birth control pamphlet) 86, No. 296 October 14 1889 240 86n2 No. 300 January 18 1890 243–4 Fulcher, Robert 77, 77n3 No. 303 March 1 1890 245–6 Funke, Otto 7, 8n3 No. 308 November 17 [1890] 249 No. 310 November 21 [1890] 249n2, 250 No. 312 [n.d.] 251 No. 314 December 2 1890 252–3 No. 317 February 10 1891 255 Gadow, Hans and E. C. Abbott No. 335 [1892 or 1893] 268 ‘On the evolution of the vertebral column of No. 344 January 5 [1893] 276–7 fishes’ 290, 290n2, 291, 294 No. 347 January 15 1893 279 Galton, Francis 118, 119n2 No. 352 December 2 1893 282 Garrett, Elizabeth 24n2 No. 354 December 5 1893 284 Geddes, Patrick 78, 78n1 No. 357 January 7 1894 286 Geikie, (Sir) Archibald 240n2 No. 360 January 16 1894 286 Geison, Gerald No. 362 June 1 [1894] 289–90 Michael Foster and the Cambridge School of No. 363 June 10 [1894] 271n3, 290 Physiology ... xivnn10–11 No. 366 June 20 1894 292–3 Geison, Gerald L. and Frederic L. Holmes (eds) No. 371 November 1 1894 297 Research schools ...xivn11 No. 372 November 2 1894 297–8 gentians, Huxley’s work on 170, 171–2, 175, 180, No. 375 November 7 [1894] 300–301 180n2, 188, 189 No. 378 December 26 1894 303 geography 215, 242n2 No. 380 December 29 1894 304–5 Geological Survey, London xii No. 383 March 7 1895 307 geology 186, 186n2, 187, 217, 218

316 Index German Cholera Commission 97n2 Harmer, Frederick William, mayor of Norwich Gibraltar 29 195, 195n1, 201, 202 glaciers, research on 188 Harrison, Frederic Gladstone, William Ewart 166, 166n3 ‘Mr Huxley’s controversies’ 272, 272n4; ‘Dawn of creation and of worship: reply to Huxley’s response 272n4 Dr Reville’ 151n2 Harrow school 152 Huxley and 250n2, 251, 255, 256, 256n2, 270; Hartley, David 51, 51n5 creation, their debate on 104n2, 151, 151n2 Hartnack, Edmund 9, 9n1 ‘Impregnable rock of holy scripture’ 250n2 Hassall, Arthur Hill 267n1, 271 Glasgow University 69n3, 129 The narrative of a busy life ... 267n1 Globigerina 64 ‘On the colour of the leaves of plants ...’ 266, Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 20, 69 267n1, 271 Gordon, General Charles George 127, 127n3, Healy, [unidentified] 143 128n2, 306 Heape, Walter 190, 190n1 Government Funding Committee, see Government Heathorn, Henrietta see Huxley, Henrietta (Nettie) Grant Committee (Mrs Thomas Henry Huxley) Government Grant Committee xvi, xvii, 88, 100, Heathorn, Oriana (Henrietta’s half-sister) (Mrs 100n2, 118, 165, 174, 196, 197, 199, William Fanning) 185n1 263, 276 Heidenhain, Rudolf Peter 4, 4n1 Foster’s applications to 14 Helmholtz, Hermann Heinrich von 34n1 Huxley and 162, 163 Hertwig, Karl Wilhelm Theodor Richard von 142 Royal Institution and 282 Hertwig, Wilhelm August Oscar 69, 69n1, 142 RS and 166n1 Heuss, Theodor Gower, Granville George Leveson-, second Earl Anton Dohrn ...xviin15 Granville 88, 88n2 Hinde, George Jennings 144n2 Grant, Charles 43 ‘On beds of sponge-remains ...’ 143, 144, 144n2 grants/financial aid 88 Hirsch, [unidentified] 101 Jodrell Fund 70, 70n1, 76 Hirst, Thomas Archer 119, 119n5, 120, 121n4, 263 see also Government Grant Committee death/funeral 263, 263n3 Granville, Lord see Gower, Granville George histology 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 122 Leveson- Holmes, Frederic L. see Geison, Gerald L. and Greenwood, Joseph Gouge 53, 53n2 Frederic L. Holmes Gregorio, Mario A. D. Holmes, Oliver Wendell From here to eternity: Ernst Haeckel and Autocrat of the breakfast-table 89n3 scientific faith 54n2 Holt, James Maden 73, 73n3 Gresham College, London (proposed) 270, 271n1 Hooker, Joseph Dalton 37n1, 41, 41n4, 47, Gresham Commission 306n1 47n1, 48, 67, 88, 115, 117, 118, 135, 138, Gre´vy, Franc¸ois Paul Jules 200, 201n1 140, 188, 195, 196, 203, 205, 214, 216, 218, Griffith, George [science master at Harrow school] 241, 261, 267, 298 41, 152 The botany of the Antarctic voyage of ...Erebus Grimthorpe, first Baron see Beckett, William and Terror in the years 1839–1843 202, Gue´rin, Jules 145, 145n3 202nn1–2 Guillemard, Francis Henry Hill 242, 242n2, on Challenger Committee 174, 209 243, 245 John Collier’s portrait of 222 The cruise of the Marchesa ...243, 244n1 as PRS 201n2, 308 Guy’s Hospital, London 17n1 RS Copley Medal awarded to 183, 183n1, 197 Horsley, Victor Alexander Haden 274, 275n2 Howes, Thomas George Bond 108, 108n2, 143, 143n1, 159, 159n1, 220, 234 Haddon, Alfred Cort 67, 67n1 Hughes, Thomas McKenny 161, 161n1 Haeckel, Ernst xviii, xviiin18, 54, 54n2 human skeletons, archaeological remains of 3 on Huxley 66n1 Hutton, Richard Holt 61, 62n1, 71, 75 Hall, A. Rupert and Marie Boas Hall (eds) Huxley, Ethel (Thomas Henry’s daughter) (Mrs The correspondence of Henry Oldenburg xin1 John Collier II) 130, 131n1, 168, 183, 223, 238, Hall, Marie Boas 240, 245, 269, 308 All scientists now ... xvin12, xviin14, 85n3, Huxley, Henrietta (Nettie) (ne´e Heathorn) (Mrs 261n2 Thomas Henry Huxley) 18, 19, 24, 27, 29, 30, 32, Hames, George Henry 159, 159n2, 217, 228 33, 78, 79, 87, 89, 93, 121, 124, 127, 130, 131, Hancock, Albany 40, 41n1 165, 167–8, 180, 183, 234, 284

317 Index Huxley, Henrietta (neé Heathorn) (cont’d) Huxley, Thomas Henry (cont’d) birthday 39 foreign travel xii, xiv, xvi, xix, 29–30, 37, 103, family 185, 185n1; see also individual family 111, 111n1, 112–13, 116, 117, 119–20, 121, members 123–6, 129–30, 167–8, 188–9, 220, 221, Foster and 30, 51, 54, 73, 91, 92, 94, 107, 108, 222–6, 237–8, 245n2; in US 69, 69n1, 75, 78 109, 111, 117, 121, 127 Foster, his influence on xiv, 21 her health xix, 36, 67, 114, 116, 128, 129, 159, Foster as his demonstrator xiv, xv 189, 192, 196, 210, 223, 225, 229–30, 238, Foster on 7–8 248, 256, 257, 266, 267, 270, 289, 306, 307–8; his health xii, xiv, xv, xviii, xix, 14, 24, 28, 29n1, vascular tumour 193, 194; operation to remove 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 43, 58–9, 78, 88, 102, 198, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208 106, 107, 108, 109–10, 111, 112, 113, 114, Marian Huxley’s death and 200, 206 116, 118, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 127, 132, Huxley, first meeting with xii 136, 137, 138, 140, 141–2, 143, 144, 148, 155, move to Hodeslea, Eastbourne 247–8, 248n2 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 165, 168, 175, 178, Huxley, Henrietta (Nettie) (Thomas Henry’s 180, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 209, 210, daughter) 121, 122n2, 130, 167–8 213, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222–3, 224–5, Harold Roller, engagement to 235, 235n2 226, 228, 229–30, 237, 238, 239, 248, 252, Huxley, Henry (Harry) (Thomas Henry’s son) 256, 257, 270, 273, 280, 281, 282, 285, 288, 75n1, 103, 168, 183, 235, 245n2 291, 296, 299, 306, 307–8 as a doctor 242 see also deafness above his health 243, 245 medical training xii Huxley’s concern over 74, 75, 76 move to Hodeslea, Eastbourne 247–8, 248n2, marriage 245, 245n1 249, 253 Huxley, Jessie (Thomas Henry’s daughter) (Mrs as a naval officer/surgeon naturalist xii, xviii Fred Waller) 11n1, 86n2, 145, 147, 269 his pension 121, 138, 139 Huxley, Julia (neé Arnold) (Mrs Leonard Huxley) political views 194 132, 133n1, 221, 256, 256n1 portraits of frontis., 66, 66n1, 222, 222n1, 242, Huxley, Julian (Leonard’s son) 256, 256n1 243 Huxley, Leonard (Thomas Henry’s son) 86, 86n1, reputation xii, xiii 133, 171, 285, 305 retirement 135, 159n1; thoughts on 102, 103, Life and letters of Thomas Henry Huxley xin2, 109, 217, 218 65n1, 178n1, 219n1, 234n1, 267n1, 289n1 scientific interests xi, xii Huxley, Marian (Mady) (Thomas Henry’s social/family life xvi, 27, 30, 37, 38, 39, 42, 45, daughter) (Mrs John Collier I) 11 49, 54–5, 60, 68, 73, 133, 147, 149, 167, 245, mental illness, attacks of 77, 77n4, 112, 113n1, 246, 265, 267, 270, 286, 287, 291, 295, 300, 114, 117, 118n1, 120, 121–2, 123, 124, 127, 301 159, 160, 199, 200n1 work pressures 82–3, 90, 93, 103, 107, 185, 267 death xiii, 199–200, 201, 203, 206 writing style, Foster on 8 Huxley, Noel (Thomas Henry’s son) xiii Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) Huxley, Rachel (Thomas Henry’s daughter) (Mrs No. 3 [1865] 4 Alfred Eckersley) 11, 111n1, 113n2, 163, 163n2, No. 4 July 1 1865 5 183 No. 9 September 30 1867 10 children 177, 177n2 No. 10 [November 1867] 10–11, 15n1 Huxley, Sophy (neé Stobart) (Mrs Henry Huxley) No. 11 November 26 1867 11 245, 245n1, 246, 247 No. 13 May 28, 1868 13 Huxley, Thomas Henry xi–xiii, 40n4 No. 14 June 29 1868 14 as an agnostic xviii No. 15 August 21 1868 14 birthday 135 No. 16 February 27 1869 15 career xii–xiii No. 17 April 10 1869 15 character xii, xv No. 18 April 10 1869 16 his deafness 103, 136, 147, 148 No. 19 April 28 1869 16 drawings by, in his letters 40, 49, 55, No. 20 May 4 1869 17 80, 247 No. 21 May 7 1869 17–18 family xi–xii, xiii, 11, 19, 51, 63, 87, 130, 165, No. 22 May 22 1869 18 167–8, 197, 198, 199; see also individual No. 28 May 17 1870 22–3 family members No. 29 August 3 1870 23 family tree 247 No. 30 December 12 1870 24, 42n1 financial position xii, xv 28, 87, 163, 288; see No. 32 January 2 1871 25 also pension below No. 33 May 5 1871 26

318 Index Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) (cont’d) (cont’d) No. 34 October 27 1871 27 No. 100 June 29 1876 74–5 No. 35 [undated/incomplete] 28 No. 101 July 4 1876 75–6 No. 36 December 18 1871 28 No. 103 October 12 1876 78 No. 37 January 8 1872 29 No. 105 July 24 1882 79 No. 38 April 5 1872 [incomplete] 29–30 No. 106 February 25 1883 80 No. 39 April 15 1872 30 No. 107 March 4 1883 81–2 No. 40 April 21 1872 31 No. 108 May 13 [1883] 82–3 No. 41 July 4 1872 31–2 No. 109 June 27 1883 83 No. 42 [September 1872] 32–3 No. 110 June 29 1883 84 No. 43 March 2 1873 33–4 No. 111 July 2 1883 84–5 No. 44 March 4 1873 34 No. 112 July 18 1883 85–6, 239n4 No. 45 March 5 1873 34 No. 113 August 1 1883 86 No. 46 March 19 1873 35, 72n6 No. 114 August 8 1883 87 No. 48 April 22 1873 36 No. 115 August 16 1883 87–8 No. 49 April 25 1873 37 No. 116 August 27 1883 88–9 No. 50 April 28 1873 37–8 No. 117 September 12 1883 89 No. 51 April 28 1873 38 No. 118 September 19 1883 90–91 No. 52 May 11 1873 39 No 120 September 24 1883 93–4 No. 53 June 27 1873 39 No, 124 October 3 1883 96–7 No. 54 November 28 1873 40 No. 126 November 10 1883 98 No. 55 December 4 1873 40–41 No. 127 November 26 1883 98–9 No. 56 January 11 1874 41–2 No. 128 November 28 1883 99 No. 57 [January 13 1874] 42 No. 129 December 12 1883 100 No. 58 February 23 1874 42–3 No. 130 July 17 1884 100–101 No. 59 March 21 1874 43 No. 131 August 9 1884 101 No. 61 April 2 1874 45 No. 132 August 26 1884 102 No. 62 April 18 1874 31n1, 45 No. 133 August 29 1884 103–4 No. 63 April 23 1874 46 No. 134 September 1 1884 104 No. 64 April 26 1874 46 No. 135 September 5 1884 105 No. 65 May 2 1874 47 No. 136 September 28 1884 106 No. 66 May 5 1874 47–8 No. 138 September 27 1884 107–8 No. 67 May 8 1874 48 No. 139 October 4 1884 108 No. 68 May 18 1874 49 No. 140 October 5 1884 109 No. 69 July 4 1874 25n3, 49–50 No. 141 October 8 1884 109–10 No. 70 August 8 1874 50 No. 142 October 18 1884 110 No. 71 August 12 1874 50–51 No. 144 November 1 1884 112, 121n6 No. 72 September 29 1874 51–2 No. 145 November 30 1884 113–14 No. 74 October 20 1874 53–4 No. 148 December 7 1884 116–17 No. 75 November 29 1874 54–5 No. 151 January 8 1885 119–21, 119n5 No. 76 December 1 1874 56 No. 154 January 16 1885 124 No. 78 January 27 [1875] 57–8, 59n1, 62n2 No. 155 February 1 1885 125–6 No. 81 February 1 1875 60 No. 157 February 14 1885 127–8 No. 82 April 10 1875 61 No. 159 March 12 1885 129–31 No. 83 April 16 1875 61–2 No. 161 April 8 1885 132–3 No. 84 April 22 1875 62 No. 162 April 12 1885 133 No. 85 May 11 1875 63 No. 163 May 2 1885 134 No. 86 August 11 1875 63–4 No. 166 June 16 1885 136 No. 88 October 2 1875 66 No. 167 June 27 1885 136–7 No. 90 December 4 1875 67 No. 168 July 14 1885 137 No. 92 December 13 1875 68–9 No. 169 July 16 1885 138 No. 93 April 20 1876 69 No. 170, July 24 1885 139 No. 94 April 30 1876 70 No. 171 July 25 1885 139 No. 95 May 21 1876 70, 76n1 No. 172 August 1 1885 139–40 No. 96 May 25 1876 71–2 No. 174 August 4 1885 141–2 No. 97 May 29 1876 72–3 No. 175 August 5 1885 108n2, 142–3 No. 98 June 13 1876 40n4, 73 No. 176 September 8 1885 143–4 No. 99 June 25 1876 74 No. 178 September 17 1885 146–7

319 Index Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) (cont’d) (cont’d) No. 179 September 25 1885 148 No. 259 February 14 1888 211–12 No. 180 October 30 1885 148 No. 261 February 21 1888 213 No. 181 October 30 1885 148–9 No. 261 March 20 1888 216 No. 182 November 2 1885 149 No. 265 March 20 1888 216 No. 183 November 17 1885 150 No. 267 April 7 1888 217 No. 184 December 26 1885 99n3, 150–51 No. 269 April 10 1888 219 No. 186 January 29 1886 153 No. 270 April 12 [1888] 219–20 No. 188 February 1 1886 154 No. 272 April 18 1888 221 No. 189 February 19 1886 155 No. 273 May 10 1888 222 No. 190 February 23 1886 155–6 No. 274 August 17 1888 222–3 No. 191 April 2 1886 156 No. 276 September 2 1888 224–5 No. 193 April 5 1885 158–9 No. 277 September 24 1888 225 No. 194 April 24 1886 159, 217n1 No. 278 October 4 1888 226 No. 195 April 28 1886 160 No. 280 October 20 1888 227–8 No. 196 May 3 1886 161–2 No. 281 October 28 1888 228 No. 197 May 17 1886 162–3 No. 283 November 9 1888 229–30 No. 198 May 27 1886 163–4 No. 285 November 13 1888 231 No. 199 June 21 1886 164–5 No. 287 December 12 1888 233 No. 200 June 30 1886 165 No. 289 December 27 1888 (extract) 234 No. 201 July 10 1886 166 No. 291 May 20 1889 236 No. 202 July 21 1886 167 No. 292 May 29 1889 236–7 No. 203 August 3 1886 167–8 No. 293 August 16 1889 237–8 No. 204 September 10 1886 168–9, 221n2 No. 294 August 31 1889 238–9 No. 206 September 16 1886 170 No. 297 October 16 1889 241 No. 208 September 25 1886 171–2 No. 298 January 6 1890 242 No. 212 December 16 1886 174–5 No. 299 January 13 1890 243 No. 215 December 29 1886 176–7 No. 301 January 27 1890 244 No. 217 February 22 1887 178 No. 302 January 31 1890 245 No. 218 March 6 1887 179 No. 304 July 5 1890 246 No. 219 March 14 1887 179 No. 305 July 24 1890 246–7 No. 220 March 22 1887 180 No. 306 October 15 1890 247–8 No. 222 April 28 1887 182, 197n2 No. 307 November 16 1890 248 No. 223 May 12 1887 182 No. 309 November 19 1890 104n2, 249–50 No. 224 June 5 1887 183 No. 311 November 24 1890 104n2, 251 No. 227 June 27 1887 185 No. 313 December 1 1890 252 No. 228 July 9 1887 (to the RS biological No. 315 December 31 1890 80n2, 253–4, 303n1 secretary) 186 No. 316 January 10 1891 254–5 No. 229 July 15 1887 186–7 No. 318 February 11 1891 256 No. 230 [July?] 24 1887 187 No. 319 April 19 1891 257 No. 231 August 28 1887 188 No. 320 May 12 1891 257–8 No. 232 September 18 1887 189 No. 321 August 1 1891 258 No. 233 September 30 1887 190 No. 322 October 3 1891 259 No. 234 October 12 1887 191 No. 323 October 20 1891 260 No. 235 October 24 1887 181n2, 191–2 No. 324 November 17 1891 260–61 No. 236 October 31 1887 192–3 No. 325 February 7 1892 261 No. 237 November 2 1887 193 No. 326 February 10 1892 262 No. 238 November 6 1887 194 No. 327 February 14 1892 262–3, 264n2 No. 239 November 14 1887 195–6, 201n2 No. 328 February 20 1892 263 No. 242 November 18 1887 197–8 No. 329 February 24 1892 264 No. 244 [20 November 1887] 199–200 No. 330 May 18 1892 265 No. 245 [21 November 1887] 200–201 No. 331 May 23 1892 265 No. 247 November 23 1887 202 No. 332 May 25 1892 266 No. 249 December 1 1887 204 No. 333 June 12 1892 266–7 No. 251 December 3 1887 205–6 No. 334 June 27 1892 267 No. 253 December 6 1887 207 No. 336 August 23 1892 268–9 No. 254 December 12 1887 207–8 No. 338 November 9 1892 270–71 No. 256 January 11 1888 209, 219n1 No. 339 December 5 1892 271–2

320 Index Huxley, T. H.: Letters to Michael Foster (Jr) Huxley, T. H.: publications (cont’d) (cont’d) ‘The keepers of the herd of swine’ 104n2, 250n2 No. 340 December 16/18 [?] 1892 272–3 ‘A liberal education and where to find it’ 12, No. 341 December 23 1892 273–4 12n1 No. 342 December 28 1892 274–5 ‘Notes from the ‘‘Challenger’’ 65, 65n8 No. 343 January 4 1893 275–6 ‘Notes on the invertebrata’ 63, 64n2 No. 345 January 8 1893 277–8 The oceanic Hydrozoa: a description of the No. 346 January 15 1893 278 Calycophoridæ and Physophoridæ ... xiin4 No. 348 January 16 1893 279–80 ‘On animal forms’ 89n2 No. 349 May 23 1893 280 ‘On the classification of the animal kingdom’ 55, No. 350 November 10 1893 281 55n4 No. 351 November 29 1893 281 ‘On a hitherto undescribed structure in the human No. 353 December 4 1893 283 hair sheath’ xiin3 No. 355 December 12 1893 285 ‘On the hypothesis that animals are automata ...’ No. 356 January 4 1894 285–6 51nn4–5 No. 358 January 9 1894 287 ‘On medical education’ 81, 82n1 No. 359 January 15 1894 288 ‘On the recent work of the ‘‘Challenger’’ No. 361 May 30 1894 289, 291n2 expedition ...’ 59n2 No. 364 June 11 1894 291 ‘On some of the results of the expedition of No. 365 June 16 1894 292, 305n1 H.M.S. Challenger’ 202n1 No. 367 July 11 1894 293–4 ‘Owen’s position in the history of anatomical No. 368 August 11 1894 294–5 science’ 292–3, 292n1 No. 369 August 21 1894 295 ‘Past and present’ 296, 296n1, 298, 299 No. 370 October 28 1894 296 ‘Joseph Priestley’ 51, 51n3 No 373 November 2 1894 298–9 ‘Science’ 173n2 No. 374 November 8 1894 299–300 ‘Science and the Bishops’ (reprinted as ‘An No. 376 November 9 1894 301 episcopal trilogy’) 191, 191n4, 203n2 No. 377 December 23 1894 302–3 ‘Scientific education: note of an after-dinner No. 379 December 28 1894 304 speech’ 15n2 No. 381 December 30 1894 305–6 Scientific memoirs 55n4, 59n2, 180n2 No. 382 February 25 1895 306 ‘Social diseases and worse remedies ...’ 253n3 No. 384 March 7 1895 307–8 ‘The state and the medical profession’ 97, 97n3 Letters from Foster see Foster, M. (Jr): Letters to ‘Universities: actual and ideal’ 43n1 Thomas Henry Huxley ‘Yeast’ 25, 25n1 Huxley, T. H.: publications xii, xv, 8, 294, 295n1 Huxley, T. H: Lessons in elementary physiology 72, ‘An address on the connection of the biological 290 sciences with medicine’ 248n2 copyright of 125, 126, 137 ‘Administrative nihilism’ 27, 27n2 Foster’s comments on 7–8, 8n1, 11, 24–5 ‘Mr Balfour’s attack on agnosticism’ 307n2, 308 second edition: Foster’s table of constants for 13, ‘The cell theory’ 21, 22n1 13n1; Macmillan’s advertisement for 136–7 Collected essays xiiin8, 15n2, 25n1, 27nn1–2, third edition 32, 33n1 43n1, 51n4, 82n1, 97n3, 104n2, 191n4, 198n1, fourth edition 101, 101n1, 102–7, 108, 117, 119, 212n1, 248n2, 250n2, 253n3, 259, 260 122, 131; illustrations for 103, 105, 119, 122, ‘Criticisms of the Royal Society’ 272, 273n1, 123; Preface 123, 125, 126, 127, 127n1, 129 276n1 Huxley, T. H., assisted by H. N. Martin Critiques and addresses 38, 38n1 A course of practical instruction in elementary ‘Darwin on the origin of species’ xii–xiii, 244, biology 35, 36n2, 40, 56, 57, 57n1, 59, 60; 244n1 Foster’s input 57, 60 ‘Mr Darwin’s critics’ 27n1 Huxley, T. H. and Paul Pelseneer ‘An episcopal trilogy’ see ‘Science and the ‘Report on the specimen of the Genus Spirula ...’ Bishops’ below 211, 211n4 ‘Evolution and ethics’, Oxford Romanes lecture, May 18 1893 280n1 ‘Professor Huxley on Lord Shaftesbury’ 71, 72, 72n1 ‘Illustrations of Mr Gladstone’s method’ illustrations/engraved plates, for publication 67, 74, 256n2 75, 103, 105, 119, 122, 123, 144–5, 290, 290 ‘The interpretation of Genesis and the lithography 144, 146 interpretation of nature’ 151n2 Imperial Geological Union (proposed) 186, 186n2

321 Index Imperial Institute (proposed) 177, 177n1, 178, Koch, Robert 97, 97nn1–2, 126, 249nn1–2 178n1, 179 ‘Dr Koch on tuberculosis’ 248, 248n1, 249 influenza 281, 282, 306, 307–8; 1887 epidemic, Kowalewski, Alexander Onufrievitch 118, 119n4 London 189, 189n1 Krakatoa Committee 188 infusoria 53–4, 54n2 Krause, Ernst 221, 221n1 instrument makers 9, 9n1, 40n5, 76–7, 77nn2–3 Kuhne,€ Willy 34n2 International Fisheries Exhibition, South Untersuchungen uber€ das Protoplasma 34, 34n2 Kensington, May 1883 82, 83n1 International Geological Congress, September 1888 217, 218 International Medical Congress, London [1881] lamprey 233 248, 248n2 Langley, John Newport 70, 70n1, 137, 288, 288n1 International Physiological Congress, Basel, Lankester, (Edwin) Ray xvi, xvin13, 24, 25, 26, 40, September 10–12 1889 240, 240n1, 241 43, 44, 57, 181, 199 Ireland 47, 82, 166 career xvi, 25n3, 50, 50n1, 118, 118n3, 140, BAAS meeting, Belfast, [August] 1874 47, 51, 140n1, 232, 233n2, 237, 238, 239n1, 241, 242 51nn1–2 character xvi, 141, 153, 154, 158, 182, 241 Queen’s College, Belfast 47n2 Foster and 141, 153, 240 Queen’s College, Galway 52n2 as FRS 67, 67n1 Italy 111, 112–13, 116, 117, 119–20, 123–6, his health 237, 238, 240 129–30, 132, 181, 186, 223, 224–5, 227 on Walter Heape 190, 190n1 Huxley and 140, 142, 154, 158, 164, 190n1, 237, 302 von Lendenfeld and 182, 196–7 London University Senate and 154 Jackson, Halchett 232 Marine Biological Association and xvii; as hon. Jackson, William Lawies 174, 174n1, 175 secretary 156, 156n1, 158, 187, 218, 246 James, Mr (RS clerk) 128, 128n1, 144 Marine Biological Station and xvii, 190, 190n1 James, Frank A. J. L. (ed.) ‘On the occurrence of a hybrid phase of The correspondence of Michael Faraday xin1 Limnocodium Sowerbii’ 118n3 Jenner, Sir William 19, 20n1 at Oxford University as Linacre Professor 239n1 Jodrell, J. Phillips 70n1 as Radcliffe Travelling Fellow 25n3 Jodrell Fund 70, 70n1, 76 RS Royal Medal awarded to 141, 141n1 Johns Hopkins University (US) 45n1 Lausanne University 188 Jones, Thomas Wharton 260, 260n1 Le Gros Clark, Frederick 96, 97n2 Jowett, Rev. Benjamin 99, 99n3, 120, 150–52, Lea, Arthur Sheridan 137, 137n1 151n1 Leach, W. C., on climbing/trailing plants 265, 265n1 Judd, John Wesley 210, 218, 243, 244 lecturing see teaching/lecturing Leeds University 285, 286n2 Lefevre see Shaw-Lefevre, George John Leipzig University 28, 115n1 Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron 99, 253n2, 295 Leipzig Zoological Institute 55n1 his barony 264n2 Lendenfeld, Robert von 182n1, 187 Huxley on 262–3, 264, 283 Lankester and 182, 196–7 as PRS 252–3, 261, 261n2, 262–3, 271, 274, 275, ‘A monograph of the horny sponges’ 197, 197n1, 275n1, 276n1, 282, 283; retirement 307, 308 207, 207n1 RS Copley Medal awarded to 99n2 suspected of plagiarism 196–7, 199, 200–201, Kew Gardens 41n4 202, 203, 207, 209n1, 214–16 Keynes, Randal Lester, Joseph Annie’s Box ... xiiin9 E. Ray Lankester ..., ed. Peter J Bowler xvin13, Khartoum, fall of 127, 127n3, 128n2 xviin16, 25n3, 247n1 King’s College Hospital 31n1 Lewes, George Henry 5–6, 6n2, 7 Klein, Edward Emanuel 35n2, 71, 72n6, George Henry Lewes Trust 240, 240n4, 288n1 127n2 Foster as director 240n4 ‘The relation of bacteria to Asiatic cholera’ 126, Huxley as trustee 240n4, 286 127n2 libraries, provision of 183 Klein, E. et al. lighthouses 98n2 Handbook for the physiological laboratory ed. Lightman, Bernard J. Burdon Sanderson 35, 35n1 Evolutionary naturalism in Victorian Britain ... Knowles, James Thomas 250, 250n1 xiiin7

322 Index limnology 188n3 Marine Biological Association (MBA) xvii, Lingen, Ralph Robert Wheeler, first Baron 88, 88n1 xviin16, 218, 218n2 Linnean Society 104n3 Huxley and 157, 158–9, 185, 187; as president Foster as Fellow 11, 11n2 217, 217n2, 218, 219; Treasury funding Huxley’s papers to 55, 55n4, 180, 180n2 application made without his knowledge Lister, Joseph, first Baron Lister of Lyme Regis, as 246–7, 247n1; his resignation following PRS 307n1 246–7, 247n1 Lister, Sir Thomas Villiers 145, 145n1 Lankester and xvii; as hon. secretary 156, 156n2, literary world 111, 111n3, 153, 265 158, 187, 218, 246 lithography 144, 146 research programme 187 see also illustrations/engraved plates MBA Council 157, 158, 190, 218 Liveing, George Downing 52, 53n1 Sir John Evans as member 208, 218 Liverpool Philomathic Society 15n2 Foster as a member 185 Liversidge, Archibald 40, 41n2 Marine Biological Station/Laboratory, Plymouth Lockyer, (Joseph) Norman 177 Lankester and xvii, 190, 190n1 as editor of Nature 194, 195, 196n1, 197, 198 marine research xiin4, xvii–xviii, 5, 187 Loescher (Italian publisher) 124, 125n1 see also Challenger expedition; scientific London County Council/RS joint committee on research London water supply 276–8, 276n2 Marine Station, Dunbar 187n1 London Hospital 110n1 Marine Zoological Station, Naples 32nn1–2, 40n5, London Hospital Medical School 97, 97n3 41, 44n1, 58–9, 199 London Institution xii Balfour at 53n1 Huxley’s lectures on ‘Elementary physiology’ Darwin’s support for 40n4, 44 28, 28n1 funding 31–2, 32n2, 40n4, 44, 44n2, 46 London School Board 24, 24n2, 25, 41–2, 96 Huxley’s visit to, 1884 114, 116 Education Committee 41 Marlborough College 65n3 London Student 12, 12n2 Marshall, Arthur Milnes 58–9, 59n1, 60, 140, 286, London University xii, 9, 48, 89, 232, 258 286n1, 289 Paget as vice-chancellor 270, 271n2 death 285, 286n1 reform of 267, 267n1, 270 Martin, Henry Newell 31n1, 32, 35, 36, 45, 49, 65 London University Senate 88, 209, 273, 294 as an assistant examiner 31, 37, 39, 47, 48, 61, 62 Lankester and 154 career 45n1 Lubbock, Hon. Constance see Buxton, financial position 56–7 Constance Huxley on 62 Lubbock, Sir John (Baron Avebury) (Constance’s see also Huxley, T. H., assisted by H. N. Martin father) 32, 33n2, 71, 92, 109, 115, 165, 271n4 Maspero, Gaston 80, 80n4 as parliamentary candidate 166 masturbation 66 Ludwig, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm 114–15, 116 materialism 51, 51n2 RS Copley Medal awarded to 115n1 Matthaei, Miss 63, 64n1 Lushington, Godfrey 121, 122n1, 123 Maybrick, [unidentified] 239 Lyell, Sir Charles xii, 120 Mayer, Paul 114, 114n3 Lyons, Richard, Bickerton Pemell, Earl Lyons 145, McKendrick, John Gray 69, 69n3 145n4 Medical Act Amendment Bill 1883 97, 97n4 medical language/nomenclature 105, 107, 123, 233 medical profession 97, 97nn3–4 Medical Register 97n4 MacLeod, Roy xviin14, 83n3 medical research xiv, xivn11 The ‘‘creed of science’’ in Victorian England see also scientific research xviin14 medical/scientific education 238, 239n1, 259 Public science and public policy in Victorian classical education and xv, 150–52, 151n1, 209 England xviin14 degrees, awarding of 208, 209 Macmillan (publisher) 24, 25, 58, 59, 117, 126, curriculum xv, 81–2, 84, 97n4, 148, 151, 169, 136–7, 259, 290 170, 197, 198n1, 200, 231–4; reform of xv, Madeira 245n2 81–2, 84, 97n4 Manchester, Bishop of 191, 191n2 Huxley on 15n2, 81, 82n1 Mangles, James Henry 104, 104n3 university reform 267, 267n1, 270 Mantegazza, Paolo 130, 131n2 see also examinations; teaching Manvell, Roger Medical Times and Gazette 63, 64n2 The trial of Annie Besant and Charles Bradlaugh Meiolania platyceps 181n3 86n2

323 Index mental illness, Marian Huxley’s attacks of 77, The Nineteenth Century 151n2, 191, 191n4, 250n2 77n4, 112, 113n1, 114, 117, 118n1, 120, 121–2, Noble, Andrew 115 124, 160, 199, 200n1 Normal School of Science, South Kensington Metaphysical Club 42 241n1, 248n3 Meteorological Council 158 Miall, Louis Compton 285, 286, 286n2 microscopy/microscopes 9, 289n1 Foster’s interest in xiv Observer 84 Huxley’s interest in xii oceanic hydrozoa xii Middlesex Hospital 25n5 odic force concept 297, 298n1 Milnes, Richard Monckton, first Baron Houghton Oldenburg, Henry xi 111, 111n3 optics 106 Mivart, St George 27, 27n1 osmic acid 58 molluscs 58, 58n1, 59, 65, 65n7, 233 Owen, Richard 41, 41n5, 180, 277 Monkswell see Collier Life of Richard Owen, ed. Rev. Richard Owen morphology 36, 161, 172, 232 292n1, 305, 305n1, 306; Huxley’s chapter: Morrell, Jack ‘Owen’s position in the history of anatomical John Phillips and the business of Victorian science’ 292–3, 292n1 science 46n2 ‘On parts of the skeleton of Meiolania platyceps Moseley, Henry Nottidge xviii, 24, 25n4, 115, 126, (Ow.)’ 181n3 128, 142, 181, 196, 199 death/funeral 273, 274n1; memorial to 279, 279n1 at Oxford University as Linacre Professor 233n2, Owens College, Manchester 50, 50n1, 53n2, 286, 239n1 286n1, 289 death 239n1 Medical School 52, 52n3 Muller,€ Hugo 115 Oxford University 31–2, 40, 43 Muller,€ Johannes Peter 55, 55n3 Huxley as honorary doctor of civil laws 136n2 Mundella, Anthony John 157, 157n3, 158 Linacre professorship 232, 233n2, 237, 238, Munich University 119n4 239n1, 240, 241, 242 Munn, Emily 80, 80n1 Regius professorship of medicine 240n3 Murray, John xviii, 150, 150n2, 174, 175, 196, Romanes lecture, May 18 1893 280n1 209–11, 212–13 Sedleian professorship 86n1 muscles 104, 105, 106 Wykeham professorship 121n1 museum collections 161–2, 162n1 Oxford University colleges All Souls 46n2 Balliol 99n3, 163, 188n1 Exeter 50n1 Naples see Marine Zoological Station, Naples Magdalen 305 National Association for the Promotion of Technical Education meeting, Manchester 1887 197, 198, 198n1, 200, 203, 204 Nature 4n2 Paget, Sir James 92, 92n2, 270, 271n2 Huxley: ‘Criticism of the Royal Society’ 272, palaeontology 142, 166 273, 276n1; ‘Past and present’ 296, 296n1, Pall Mall Gazette 23, 23n1, 97, 188, 188n2 298, 299 Parker, Thomas Jeffrey (William Kitchen’s son) Huxley’s portrait in 66, 66n1 47–8, 48n1, 61, 63, 70, 184, 192n1 Lockyer as editor 194, 195, 196n1, 197, 198 Parker, William Kitchen 17, 18n1, 47, 48n1, 61, 70, twenty-fifth anniversary dinner 298, 298n2 181, 181n2, 185, 191–2, 192n2, 199 nerve velocity 34n1 RS Royal Medal awarded to 192, 192n2 nervous system 47, 102, 104, 105, 106, 170 Parker, William Newton (William Kitchen’s son) in fish 65n5, 66, 290, 290n2 192n1 heating of 106 Pasteur, Louis 170, 249 Nettleship, (Richard) Lewis 188, 188n1 pathogenic organisms 276 Newcastle University 50 Pearson, Karl 271, 272n1, 274, 275n4 Armstrong College 50n2 peat burials 3 Newman, Charles Peile, John 188, 188n1 The evolution of medical education in the nine- Pelseneer, Paul 211n4 teenth century 97n4 Pencillium 34 Newton, Alfred 161, 162n2 Pendel myographs 33, 34n1, 39 Newton, Isaac xi, 237 Penhall, John Thomas 193, 193n1, 198, 200

324 Index Pettigrew, James Bell 52, 52n2 Reid, Robert G. B. xiiin7 Pfluger,€ Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm 62 Reid, Wemyss Phillips, John 46, 46n2 Memoirs and correspondence of Lyon Playfair Philosophical Club 111, 146 269n2 physiology 36, 107, 177, 234 religious issues/beliefs 27, 30, 36, 64, 96–7, 191 physiology, teaching of/research in xiv, 4, 7–8, 36, atheism/agnosticism xvii, 6, 6n4, 86n2, 307n2 39, 115n1 the Bible, Huxley’s study of 108; of the Gospels Foster’s lectures on 29n1 101, 103–4, 104n2 Huxley’s lectures on 28, 28n1, 29, 29n1 the creation, debate on 151, 151n2 Picton, James Allanson 238, 239n2 science and 194n2 plagiarism, von Lendenfeld suspected of 196–7, Remaks fibres 106 199, 200–201, 203, 207, 207n1, 214–16 Renard, Alphonse François 210, 211n2 Playfair, Sir Lyon 3, 4n1, 71, 269, 269n2 research see scientific research political issues xvi, 166, 166nn3–4 respiratory system 6, 7, 36, 62, 212 in education 36 Richmond, Duke of 71 Huxley on 27, 27n2 rituals/ritualism 27 London water supply 276–8, 276n2 Rix, Herbert 122, 122n5, 126, 129, 129n1, 132, 133, Stokes as PRS and MP for Cambridge University 234, 163, 167, 175, 199, 217, 248, 276, 300, 301 concurrently 194, 194n1, 195–6, 197, 198–9, Roberts, E. K. see Southward, A. J. and E. K. 203, 204, 205, 206, 206n1 Roberts see also current affairs; scientific politics/ Roberts-Austen, Sir William Chandler 248, 248n3, controversy 264, 264n3 Porter, Rev. James 99, 99n4 Roller, Harold, engagement to Henrietta (Nettie) postal services xi, 29 Huxley (Thomas Henry’s daughter) 235n2 Preece, Sir William Henry 264, 264n3 Rolleston, George 32, 32n3 Prestwich, Joseph 118, 119n2 Roman history 119–20, 122, 125 Price, Bartholomew 85, 86n1 Roscoe, Henry Enfield 53, 53n2 Priestley, Joseph 51n3 Rosebery, Archibald Philip Primrose, fifth Earl of Pritchard, Urban 31, 31n1, 47, 61 291, 291n1, 306n1 Privy Council, Huxley admitted to 268–9, 269n1 Routh, Edward John 99, 99n1 protoplasm 34, 34n2 Roy, Charles Smart 100, 100n1 psychology 102 Royal College of Science 45n1, 259 Punshon, William Morley 27, 27n4 Royal College of Surgeons of England Pye-Smith, Emily Gertrude (neé Foulger) (Mrs Fellowship 209 Philip Henry Pye-Smith) 287n1 Hunterian professorship 79n1 Pye-Smith, Philip Henry 17n1, 75, 285, 287, 288 Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh 52n2 Royal Commission on the water supply in London 276n2, 277 Royal Commission on Vaccination 236, 237, 237n1 Quarterly Review 14n1, 27 Royal Commission on Vivisection 35n2, 67n1 Quatrefages de Breáu, Jean Louis Armand de Royal Geographical Society 215n1 55, 55n3 Royal Horticultural Society 175n2, 265n1 Queen’s College, Belfast 47n2 Royal Indian Engineering College 277n1 Queen’s College, Galway 52n2 Royal Institution Government Grant Committee and 282 Huxley: ‘On the recent work of the ‘‘Challenger’’ expedition ...’ read at 59n2 Radcliffe Travelling Fellowship 25n3 Tyndall as Superintendent 16n1; resignation Ranke, Johannes 7, 8n2 185n2 Ranvier, Louis Antoine 105n2 Royal Institution Fullerian professorship of Traite´ technique d’histologie 105, 105n2, 106 physiology xiv, 10–11, 11n1, 15, 16, 17 HMS Rattlesnake xii Dewar as 283n1 Rayleigh, John William Strutt, third Baron 115, Royal School of Mines, London xii, 210n1, 118, 148, 149, 149n1, 196, 252 248n3 The Reader: A Review of Current Literature 3, 4n3, Royal Society (RS) xi, xv, 21, 31–2, 40, 46, 47, 87, 5, 6, 6n4 102, 126, 130, 131, 169, 172 Redfern, Peter 47, 47n2 AGMs/elections (St Andrew’s Day) 91–2, 91n3, Rehbock, Philip F. xviiin16, 64n4 93, 114n1, 116n2, 149 Reichenbach, Baron Carl von 298n1 Airy as PRS 40, 40n3

325 Index Royal Society (RS) (cont’d) Royal Society (RS) (cont’d) Antarctic expedition, committee to examine Trinity College, Cambridge and 282, 282n1 proposal for 193, 193n1 see also Government Grant Committee; Jodrell annual subscription 150n3 Fund; London County Council/RS . . . criticism of, in The Times 271, 272, 272n2, RS Club 62, 69, 146 273n1, 274, 275, 275n1, 276–8, 276nn1–2, RS Copley Medal 277n2, 282–4, 282nn1–2, 302–3, 303n2 awarded to von Baer 12n3 dinners 41, 98, 99, 203, 248, 250–51, 252–3, 260, awarded to Hooker 183, 183n1, 197 281, 281n1, 282, 299, 300–301; awarded to Huxley 223, 223n2, 229, 230, 231 Anniversary dinners: 1884 109, 114–15, awarded to Ludwig 115n1 114n4, 116, 118n2; 1892 272n2 awarded to Sir William Thomson (later Lord Fellows (FRS) xvii, 62, 67n1, 134, 134n1, 163, Kelvin) 99n2 163n1, 177n2, 269; foreign (corresponding) RS Council 90, 139, 175–6, 181, 194, 198, 214, 215, 119, 119n4, 172, 213, 249, 249n2; see also 248, 248n3, 283 individual fellows meetings 68, 75, 76, 84, 90, 111, 132, 134, 136, Foster as biological secretary xiii–xiv, 79n2, 146, 147, 157, 162, 164, 174, 180–81, 199 186n1; as FRS 31; as secretary 272–3, 294, RS Croonian lectures 180–81, 181n1 297 RS Darwin Medal, awarded to Huxley 297, 297n1, Hooker as PRS 201n2, 308 298–9, 301, 302 Huxley as biological secretary xiii, 79n2; as RS Davy Committee 54 FRS xii; as PRS xvi, 84–5, 85n3, 90, 91–6, 98, RS Davy Medal, awarded to Cleve 300, 301n1 102, 103, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 115, RS Delta Committee 165, 166, 166nn1–2, 171, 116–17, 116n2, 121, 145, 146, 150, 150n1, 172n1, 191, 191n1, 192, 199, 201, 210, 218, 244 154, 194, 308; his resignation 135, 135n2, RS Gold Medal 145 148 RS Royal Medal 140n2, 142 Imperial Institute, committee to examine awarded to Huxley xii, 250, 250n1 proposal for 177 awarded to Lankester 141, 141n1 Imperial Geological Union, committee to ex- awarded to William Parker 192, 192n1 amine proposal for 186, 186n2 awarded to Rucker€ 261, 261n3 internal politics/controversy 83, 83n3, 84–5, RS Rumford Medal 303n2 85n3, 90–96, 120–21, 181, 200, 201, 261, awarded to Stokes 250, 250n1 261n2, 271, 272n2; over Stokes being PRS and RS Soire´es 183 MP for Cambridge University concurrently RS Statutes 218–19 194, 194n1, 195–6, 197, 198–9, 203, 204, 205, Royal Society of Victoria (Australia) 173n1 206, 206n1; see also criticism above Rucker,€ Arthur William 261n3 Kelvin as PRS 252–3, 261, 261n2, 262–3, 271, RS Royal Medal awarded to 261, 261n3 274, 275n1, 282, 283; retirement 307, 208 [Rush], Miss (in Florence) 130 library 126, 128–9, 149 Russell, Lord 27 Lister as PRS 307n1 Rust, Margaret Sarah see Foster, Margaret Sarah meetings 58, 73; Anniversary meetings 1887 Rutherford, William 24, 25, 25n1, 26, 30, 33, 47, 194, 200; 1888 229, 230, 231 53, 57, 60, 61 officers 62n4, 65n6, 70, 83, 83n3, 84, 85n3, BMA ‘Address in physiology’ 64, 64n3 90–96, 91n2, 111n4, 121, 121n7, 122, 124, his Chair of Physiology, Edinburgh University 128n1, 148–9, 149n1, 234, 240, 240n2, 241, 52, 52n2 274n1, 277n2, 282n1, 283, 307; treasurer as FRS 62n3 see Evans, Sir John; vice-presidents 115, 117, 118–19 publications/papers presented to 164, 165, 169, 293–4; see also individual authors St George’s Hospital, London 47n1 reform of 145, 146 Sala, George Augustus 111, 111n3 scientific research sponsored by xvii, xviii, 70, Salisbury, Robert Arthur Gascoyne Cecil, third 70n1, 282n1; see also RS Delta Committee Marquis of 268, 307 Stokes and 58, 58n2; as PRS xvi, 91, 93, 94, 95, as BAAS president 295n1, 296, 296n1 96, 149n1, 166n1, 175–6, 194, 194n1, 195–6, Salter, Samuel James 142, 142n3 197, 198–9, 200, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, Salvation Army 253n3, 254–5, 254nn1–2, 302 206n1, 218–19, 224, 249; presidential address Social Reform wing 254n1 1887 203, 203n1; possible successor to 196, Sanderson see Burdon Sanderson, John Scott 197, 235, 243; his retirement 243, 249–50, Savage, Sir George 121–2, 122n3 251, 252–3; see also internal politics above Savile Club 42, 68

326 Index scarlet fever 11n1 Sharpey, William xiv, 8, 8n5, 27, 54, 66 Scho¨nbein, Christian Friedrich 6, 7n1 Shaw-Lefevre, George John (Baron Eversley) 71, School of Mines see Royal School of Mines 72n5 science/scientists Shore, Lewis Erle 289, 289n1 public recognition for 268–9, 269n2 see also Foster, M. and Lewis E. Shore religion and 194n2 Sidgwick, Henry 270, 271n1 science teachers, practical summer classes for 24, Siemens, Sir Charles William 84, 85n1, 99n1 24n2, 26, 37, 38, 49, 61, 85 Sladen, [unidentified] 80 see also teaching Smith, Commissioner Frank (Salvation Army) scientific correspondence xi, xviin15 254n1 scientific education see medical/scientific Smith, Henry John Stephen 120, 121n3, 126 education Smith, Sydney see Burkhardt, Frederick and Smith, scientific politics/controversy xvi, 30, 47, 50, 52–3, Sydney 54, 69, 85n3, 102, 120, 129, 140, 157–9, 190, Smith, Sir William 14, 14n1 271–2, 272n1 smoking/tobacco 101, 117, 131, 145, 146, 182 von Lendenfeld suspected of plagiarism 196–7, snails see molluscs 199, 200–201, 202, 203, 207, 214–16 Snowden, Frank M. on London water supply 276–8, 276n2 Naples in the time of cholera 114n2 at Oxford University, over Linacre professorship Society of Authors 265 232, 233n2, 237, 238, 239n1, 240, 241, 242 [Somers], Lord 27 at RS see Royal Society: internal politics Somerset, Duke of 71 RS, criticism of, published in The Times 271, Somerville, Mrs Mary 120 272, 272n2, 273n1, 274, 275, 275n1, 276–8, South London Working Men’s College 12n1 276nn1–2, 277n2, 282–4, 282nn1–2, 302–3, Southward, A. J. and E. K. Roberts 303n2 The Marine Biological Association, 1884–1984 vivisection 35n2, 58, 58n3, 61, 64, 67, 67n1, 71, ... xviin10 71n2, 72 Sparks, George 289, 289n1, 291 scientific research spectro-photography 85n2 Jodrell Fund for 70, 70n1, 76 Spencer, Herbert 5, 5n2 marine xiin4, xvii–xviii, 5, 187; see also spirula 211, 211n4, 220, 221 Challenger expedition; Marine Biological sponges 182n1, 197, 197n1, 199 Association; Marine Zoological Station Spottiswoode, George 84 medical xiv, xivn11 Spottiswoode, William 83, 83n2, 84, 84n1, 203 RS sponsorship of xvii, xviii, 70, 70n1, 282n1; Stanley, Henry M. 255, 255n1, 256 see also RS Delta Committee Sterne, Laurence scientific societies, relationship between 283, 284 The life and opinions of Tristram Shandy 23, Scientific Sunday Schools 15, 15n2 23n2, 219, 219n2 Scott, Dukinfield Henry 143, 143n1 Stobart, Sophy see Huxley, Sophy Scott, Robert Henry 122, 122n4 Stocking, George W. Scottish Fishery Board 187n1 Victorian anthropology 22n4 Scottish universities 209 Stokes, George Gabriel 83, 90, 91, 92, 92n2, 99, see also individual institutions 101, 120, 122, 124, 126, 129, 132, 134, 143, 145, Scribe, Eugene 146, 150, 235 Oscar; ou Le mari qui trompe sa femme (play) his baronetcy 237 220, 220n1 Foster on 198–9, 235, 249 sea worms 5 Huxley on 155, 204, 207, 237, 249–50, 286 Sedgwick, Adam (professor of geology, Natural theology: the Gifford Lectures 259, Cambridge) 162n1 259n2 Sedgwick, Adam (lecturer on animal morphology, RS and 58, 58n2; as PRS xvi, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, Cambridge) 163, 164n1, 231 149n1, 166n1, 175–6, 194, 194n1, 195–6, 197, Seeley, Harry Govier 198–9, 200, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 206n1, Croonian Lecture to RS: ‘Researches on ...fossil 218–19, 224, 249; presidential address 1887 reptilia II ...’ 180–81, 181n1 203, 203n1; possible successor to 196, 197, [Seeman], Mme (singing teacher) 130 235, 243; his retirement 243, 249–50, 251, sexual offences 258, 258nn1–2 252–3 Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, seventh Earl RS controversy over his being PRS and MP for of 71, 72, 72n1 Cambridge University concurrently 194, Shakespeare, William 194n1, 195–6, 197, 198–9, 203, 204, 205, 206, Henry IV, parts 1 and 2 251, 251nn1–2 206n1

327 Index Stokes, George Gabriel (cont’d) The Times (cont’d) RS Rumford Medal awarded to 250, 250n1 Darwin: The origin of species, Huxley’s review as Victoria Institute president 194, 194n2 xii–xiii, 244, 244n1 Stokes, Lady (George Stokes’s wife) 243 editorial staff 275n2, 276 Stone, Edward James 262–3, 263n2 on the fall of Khartoum 127, 128n2 Story-Maskelyne, (Mervyn Herbert) Nevil 120, Huxley on William Booth 253n3 121n5 Huxley’s letter to, on Lord Shaftesbury 71, 72, Strachey, Sir Richard 115, 118, 215, 215n1 72n1 Stuart, James 77n3 ‘Dr Koch on tuberculosis’ 248, 248n1 Studies from the physiological laboratory in the Lankester published in 118n3 University of Cambridge 65n7 Pearson’s open letter to Huxley 271, 272n1; Sunday League 194 Huxley’s response 272n1 sweat/sweating 7 ‘The Royal Society’ 204n1 Switzerland 165, 167–8, 188–9, 220, 221, 222–3, RS, criticism of 271, 272, 272n2, 273n1, 274, 224–6, 237–8 275, 275n1, 276–8, 276nn1–2, 277n2, 282–4, Sydney University 41n2 282nn1–2, 302–3, 303n2 ‘The Salvation Army. A serious crisis’ 254n1 Frank Smith: ‘Commissioner Smith’s resignation’ 254n1 Tait, Archibald Campbell, Archbishop of H. M. Stanley on William Booth 255, 255n1 Canterbury 64, 64n2 Tithe Rent-Charge Recovery Bill 1890 252, 253n1 Tansey, E. M. 240n4 Tomes, Sir John 170, 170n1 teaching/lecturing 28, 259, 306n1 travelling 52, 52n1, 113 by Balfour 68 see also Foster, Michael (Jr): foreign travel; classical education xv, 150–52, 151n1, 209 Huxley, Thomas Henry: foreign travel by Foster xiv–xv, 10–11, 11n1 29n1, 58, 68; his Treasury (UK) 173–6, 174nn1–2, 193n1, 210, 212, students xiv–xv, 31; see also individual names 276 by Huxley xii, xiii, xv, 10–11, 11n1, 12, 12n1, 28, MBA funding application to, made without 28n1, 29, 29n1, 32, 39, 43, 48, 51–2, 51n3, 54, Huxley’s knowledge 246–7, 247n1 63, 63n1, 68, 69n1, 97, 97n3, 102, 106, 108, Trinity House 98n2 134, 154; see also science teachers ...below Trotter, Coutts 52, 53, 53n1, 205, 205n2 London School Board 24, 24n2, 25, 41–2, 96, 155 death 206, 207 science teachers, practical summer classes for 24, tuberculosis, Koch’s work on 248, 248n1, 249, 24n2, 26, 37, 38, 49, 61, 85 249nn1–2 see also examinations; individual Tucker, Dr (at Maloja) 255, 256 universities/colleges; medical/scientific Turnbull, H. W. (ed.) education Correspondence of Isaac Newton xin1 teeth 170 Turner, Colonel (Royal Engineers) 171, 172n1 Technical Instruction Bill [1889] 238, 239n3 Turner, Frank Tennyson, Lord Alfred 269–70, 270n1 Between science and religion ...xiiin7 thermodynamics 99n2 turtle, snapping 180, 180n1 Thiselton-Dyer, William Turner 35, 36n3, 43, 129, Tyndall, John 16, 51, 98, 98n2, 138, 240 138, 154, 177, 179, 202, 206, 206n1, 217, as BAAS president 51, 51n1; address as, at 270, 302, 303n2 Belfast meeting, [August] 1874 51n2 Thomas, [unidentified] 258 as Royal Institution president 16n1; resignation Thompson, Sir Henry 237, 238n1 185n2 Thompson, Herbert (Sir Henry’s son) 237, 238n1 death/funeral 284, 284n1 Thompson, William Hepworth 233, 233n1 Tyndall, Mrs John 284n1, 285 Thomson, Charles Wyville 54, 55n1, 64, 64n4, 65n8, 150n2 Thomson, Sir William see Kelvin, Lord Thorpe, Thomas Edward 241, 241n1, 248, 248n3 United States 68, 76, 172 The Times 97n3, 116, 116n2, 118n2, 123n1, Huxley in 69, 69n1, 75, 78 203n2, 151n2, 259 universities xvi, 209 Beckett: ‘Tithes and teetotalism’ 259n1 see also individual institutions Buckle as editor 277, 278, 278n1 University College, Dundee 277n1 ‘A criticism of the Royal Society’ 272n2 University College, London 85, 86n2, 142, 143, Cunningham’s letter to, on Huxley and William 149, 273–4 Booth 254, 254n2, 302 Foster at: as a student xiv, 8n5; on the staff xiv

328 Index University College, London (cont’d) Watson, Morrison 50, 50n1 Jodrell professorships: of physiology 62n4; of Watts, Henry zoology 274n2 A dictionary of chemistry ... 6, 6n3 Lankester at 140, 140n1 Wedgwood, Emma see Darwin, Emma Sir George Young and 275, 275n5 Weismann, August 293, 293n1 University College Hospital 230 Welby, Reginald Earle 174, 174n2, 175, 211, 216 university reform 267, 267n1, 270 Weldon, Walter Frank Raphael 274, 274n2 Uppsala University 301n1 West Indies, Zoological Station proposed urine/uric acid 7, 160 for 263 Westminster Abbey 84, 84n1, 99n1, 120, 121n2 whale fishing 193 White, Walter 65, 65n6, 98, 111n4, 121, 121n7, Verney Captain Edmund Hope, MP 258, 258n1 122, 128, 129, 131 Vesuvius 30 Whitelands College 153, 153n1 Victoria, Queen, her golden jubilee, 1887 172, Whitworth, Sir Joseph 46, 46n1 173n2, 178n1 Wiedersheim, Robert 142, 142n2 Victoria Institute 194n2 Wilberforce, R. G. (Samuel’s son) 203, 203n2 Stokes as president 194, 194n2 ‘Professor Huxley and the life and letters of C. Victoria Street Society for the Protection of Darwin’ 203n2 Animals against Vivisection 58n3 Wilberforce, Samuel, Bishop of Oxford xiii vivisection 35n2, 58n3, 64 Wilde, Henry 261, 261n2 Foster on 58, 72 Williamson, Alexander William 95, 95n1, 96, 143, Huxley on 61, 64, 67, 71, 71n1, 72 149, 240n2, 241 Royal Commission on 35n2, 67n1 Wilson, [unidentified] 49, 50 see also animals, cruelty to Wilson, George Fergusson 175, 175n2 Vivisection Bill 1876 71, 72, 72n1, 74, 75 Wilcox, Miss [unidentified] 68 Wolfe, A. F. see Cattermole, M. J. G. and A. F. Wolfe women’s education 153n1 Wallace, A. R Wood, Henry Trueman 157, 157n2, 158 Contributions to the theory of natural selection, Wordsworth, William Huxley’s review of 27n1 Yarrow unvisited 54n1 Waller, Fred (Jessie Huxley’s husband) 86, 86n2, 87, 145, 147, 248n2, 269, 300 his health 298 Ward, Harry Marshall 276, 277, 277n1 X-Club 83, 83n3, 138, 138n1, 146 Ward, Thomas Humphry The reign of Queen Victoria ...173n2 water supply in London London County Council/RS committee on Yates, Edmund 111, 111n3 276–8, 276n2 Young, Sir George 275, 275n5 Royal Commission on 276n2, 277 Yule, Charles John Francis 38, 38n1, 39

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