Redalyc.Variabilidade Morfológica E Status Taxonômico Das Amostras Populacionais Do Gênero Clyomys (Rodentia: Echimyidae)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Redalyc.Variabilidade Morfológica E Status Taxonômico Das Amostras Populacionais Do Gênero Clyomys (Rodentia: Echimyidae) Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Bezerra Ramos, Alexandra Maria Variabilidade morfológica e status taxonômico das amostras populacionais do gênero Clyomys (Rodentia: Echimyidae) Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 10, núm. 1, enero-junio, 2003, pp. 185-186 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Disponível em: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45710118 Como citar este artigo Número completo Sistema de Informação Científica Mais artigos Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina, Caribe , Espanha e Portugal Home da revista no Redalyc Projeto acadêmico sem fins lucrativos desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa Acesso Aberto Mastozoología Neotropical / J. Neotrop. Mammal.; 10(1):185-190 ISSN 0327-9383 ©SAREM, 2003 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 RESÚMENES DE TESIS - DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS VARIABILIDADE MORFOLÓGICA E STATUS TAXONÔMICO DAS AMOSTRAS POPULACIONAIS DO GÊNERO CLYOMYS (RODENTIA: ECHIMYIDAE) Alexandra Maria Ramos Bezerra Setor de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Número de páginas: 88. Tipo de tesis: Mestrado; día da defensa 27 de Junio de 2002; director (y presidente del tribunal) Dr. João Alves de Oliveira; miembros del tribunal: Cibele R. Bonvicino, Helena de Godoy Bergallo y Leandro de Oliveira Salles (supl.). Morphologic variability and taxonomic status of the Paraguayan sample from Clyomys laticeps pro- population samples of the Clyomys genus (Ro- posed by Moojen (1952); 3) the biogeographic his- dentia: Echimyidae). (Resume in English) The tory, associated with ecological restrictions imposed genus Clyomys traditionally has included two living by the semifossorial habit of Clyomys may have species, C. laticeps (Thomas, 1909) and C. bishopi contributed for the variability in bacular morphol- Avila-Pires & Wutke, 1981. The first nominal form ogy and karyotype documented in extant popula- would range from the Paraguayan Chaco to the states tions, how see in others semifossorial small mam- of Minas Gerais and Bahia throughout the Brazilian mals (e.g. Thomomys umbrinus em Hafner et al., Cerrado, while the second is known only for re- 1987; Ctenomys minutus em Freitas, 1997; Spalax gions of Cerrado enclaves of São Paulo state (Avila- spp. em Nevo et al; 1990); 4) the variation in size Pires and Wukte, 1981). Moojen (1952) recognized may be related to climatic factors, one time that the population of the Paraguayan Chaco was as a Clyomys inhabits open and seasonally environments, subspecies of Clyomys laticeps on the basis only typical conditions of Cerrado biome, where tem- two individuals and named C. laticeps whartoni, perature and food availability can be limiting fac- and the diagnostics characters were the presence of tors (Marinho-Filho et al., 1997; Rodrigues, 1996); grayish patches on gular and ventral surface, the 5) the pelage coloration in Clyomys may have re- tympanic bullae larger and the length palatal shorter sulted from positive selection of individuals that than in C. l. laticeps. The samples from São Paulo displayed a more cryptic coloration in relation to were mainly distinguished by their larger body size the environment, how observed in others and gray-yellowish coloration, in contrast to the semifossorial rodents (Krupa and Geluso, 2000; smaller and predominantly rufous specimens of C. Morse, 1980; Patton, 1990). Nevertheless, 6) a laticeps. morphometric structuring of studied samples in two The recent acquisition of larger series (Rodrigues geographic groups was revealed, where the popula- et al., 2002), representative of the two nominal tional samples of Minas Gerais and São Paulo States, forms, as well as the results of cytogenetic analyses and Distrito Federal formed a group to est, while of selected individuals (Cibele R. Bonvicino, com. Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso pers; Pagnozzi et al., 2000) prompted the question States, and Emas National Park (only sample of of the real divergence between the two recognized Goiás State) formed a group to west. Additional species, here examined in a more comprehensive karyological and genetic comparisons among dif- analysis of the morphological variability of genus. ferent populations may provide a better framework Morphometric and qualitative analyses of skull for inferences on the taxonomical status of popula- morphology were confronted with the qualitative tional samples of Clyomys. description of phallic morphology and pelage col- Key words: Clyomys, taxonomy, morphometrics, oration, for a total of 113 specimens from 16 locali- morphology, biogeography. ties. The results indicate that: 1) criteria used to dis- LITERATURE CITED tinguish Clyomys bishopi are contestable, because presumptive diagnostic characters are shared with AVILA-PIRES, F.D. and M.R.C. WUTKE. 1981. other populations from outside of São Paulo State; Taxonomia e evolução de Clyomys Thomas, 1916 2) no surveyed morphological character distinguishes (Rodentia, Echimyidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 4(3):529-534. 186 Mastozoología Neotropical, 2003 FREITAS, T.R.O. 1997. Chromossome polymorphism in PAGNOZZI, J.M.; V. FAGUNDES, F.H.G. RODRIGUES, Ctenomys minutus (Rodentia- Octodontidae). A.A. BUENO, and Y. YONENANGA-YASSUDA. Brazilian Journal of Genetics, 20(1):1-7. 2000. Citogenética comparativa entre Clyomys bishopi HAFNER, M.S.; J.C. HAFNER, J.L. PATTON, and M.F. e C. laticeps. XXIII Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia, SMITH. 1987. Macrogeographic patterns of genetic Cuiabá, MT: 633. differentiation in the Pocket Gopher Thomomys PATTON, J.L. 1990. Geomyid evolution: the historical, umbrinus. Systematic Zoology, 36(1):18-34. selective, and random basis for divergence patterns KRUPA, J.J. and K.N. GELUSO. 2000. Matching the within and among species. Evolution of subterranean color of excavated soil: cryptic coloration in the plains mammals at the organismal and molecular levels. Ed. Pocket Gopher (Geomys bursarius). Journal of Alan R. Liss, Inc. Pp: 49-69. Mammalogy, 81(1):86-96. RODRIGUES, F.H.G., 1996. Influência do fogo e da seca MARINHO-FILHO, J.S.; D.C. COELHO, and F. na disponibilidade de alimento para herbívoros do PINHEIRO, 1997. A comunidade de morcegos do Cerrado. Pp 76-83. In: Impactos de queimadas em Distrito Federal: estrutura de guildas, uso do hábitat áreas de cerrado e restinga (Miranda, H.S.; C.H. Saito e padrões reprodutivos. Pp. 123-126. In: Contribuição and B.F.S. Dias, eds.). Univ. Brasília, Brasília, DF. ao Conhecimento Ecológico do Cerrado (Leite, L.L. RODRIGUES, F.H.G.; L. SILVEIRA, A.T.A. JÁCOMO, and C.H. Saito, eds.). Dept. Ecologia, Universidade A.P. CARMIGNOTTO, A.M.R. BEZERRA, D. de Brasília, Brasília, DF. COELHO, H. GARBOGINI, J. PAGNOZZI, and A. MORSE, D.H. 1980. Behavioral mechanisms in ecology. HASS. 2002. Composição e Caracterização da Fauna Harvard University press. Harvard, USA. 383 pp. de Mamíferos do Parque Nacional das Emas, Goiás. MOOJEN, J.O. 1952. A new Clyomys from Paraguay Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 19(2):589-600. (Rodentia: Echimyidae). Journal of the Washington SVARTMAN, M. 1989. Levantamento cariotípico de Academy of Science, 42(3):102. roedores da região do Distrito Federal. Master thesis, NEVO, E.; M.G. FILIPPUCCI and A. BEILES. 1990. Departamento de Biologia do Instituto de Biociências, Genetic diversity and its ecological correlates in Universidade de São Paulo. nature: comparisons between subterranean, fossorial, THOMAS, O. 1909. Notes on some South American and aboveground small mammals. Evolution of Mammals, with descriptions of new species. Annals subterranean mammals at the organismal and and Magazine of Natural History, (8)4:230-242. molecular levels. Ed. Alan R. Liss, Inc. Pp: 347-366. THOMAS, O. 1916. Some notes on Echimyinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8)18:194-303. TESTING PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF DIVERSIFICATION OF A SOUTH AMERICAN GROUP OF LAND MAMMALS (RODENTIA, CRICETIDAE, SIGMODONTINAE) Guillermo D’Elía Number of pages: xi + 174 pp. Kind of thesis: Ph.D.; The University of Michigan; day of thesis defense August 19, 2002; board members: Philip Myers (Chair), William Fink, Philip Gingerich, Diarmaid Ó Foighil The subfamily Sigmodontinae is a highly diverse sic issues, such as the extent of current and past group that has attracted the attention of biologists diversity, to more complex aspects of their evolu- interested in a broad range of disciplines. In addi- tionary history such as the elucidation of their tem- tion to neontologists and paleontologists interested poral and spatial diversification patterns or the pro- in systematics, paleoenvironmentalists, ecologists, cesses that underlie their tremendous diversity. physiologists, ethologists, epidemiologists, parasi- In this dissertation I tackle some of these issues. tologists, quantitative geneticists, and molecular Each one of the three analytical parts of the study biologists have also studied sigmodontines. As a deals with a different level of organization and result, a sound understanding of sigmodontine sys- provides different insights into sigmodontine sys- tematics directly impacts research in several other tematics. Chapter one sheds new light on the major areas, some of which are of direct interest to human patterns of the radiation of the group. Chapter two health and economy. In spite of sigmodontines clarifies the species boundaries within one genus. having been studied intensively for a century and a Chapter three approaches the question of how half, our understanding of their systematics is far sigmodontine diversity arises, by testing the predic- from complete. Obscure areas range from very ba- tions of one diversification model..
Recommended publications
  • A New Karyotype for the Spiny Rat Clyomys Laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil
    COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 6(2): 153–161 (2012) New karyotype for Clyomys 153 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i2.1980 RESEARCH artICLE Cytogenetics www.pensoft.net/journals/compcytogen International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics A new karyotype for the spiny rat Clyomys laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil Alexandra M. R. Bezerra1, Juliana M. Pagnozzi2, Ana Paula Carmignotto3, Yatiyo Yonenaga-Yassuda4, Flávio H. G. Rodrigues5 1 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil 2 Faculdade Salesiana de Vitória, Av. Vitória 950, Forte São João, 29017-950, Vitória, ES, Brazil 3 Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos (SP-264), km 110, Bairro Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil 4 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Pau- lo, Rua do Matão 277, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 5 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, CP 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; and Instituto Pró-Carnívoros. Corresponding author: Alexandra M. R. Bezerra ([email protected]) Academic editor: I. Bakloushinskaya | Received 29 August 2011 | Accepted 23 February 2012 | Published 9 April 2012 Citation: Bezerra AMR, Pagnozzi JM, Carmignotto AP, Yonenaga-Yassuda Y, Rodrigues FHG (2012) A new karyotype for the spiny rat Clyomys laticeps (Thomas, 1909) (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Central Brazil. Comparative Cytogenetics 6(2): 153–161. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i2.1980 Abstract Clyomys Thomas, 1916 is a semifossorial rodent genus of spiny rats represented by only one species, C.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Holocene of Rio Grande Do Sul State, Brazil
    Rev. bras. paleontol. 11(2):97-116, Maio/Agosto 2008 © 2008 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia CAVIOMORPHS (MAMMALIA, RODENTIA) FROM THE HOLOCENE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE, BRAZIL: SYSTEMATICS AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT PATRÍCIA HADLER Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Dr. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [email protected] DIEGO H. VERZI División Zoología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] MARIA GUIOMAR VUCETICH División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] JORGE FERIGOLO & ANA MARIA RIBEIRO Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Dr. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT – The caviomorph rodents are scarcely known from the Quaternary record of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. This work deals with caviomorphs from two sites, with datings including the Early to Late Holocene. The taxa recorded were: Cavia sp., C. aperea, C. magna, Ctenomys sp., Phyllomys sp., Myocastor coypus, Euryzygomatomys mordax, Dicolpomys fossor, the last two of which are extinct. A new fossil species, Clyomys riograndensis sp.nov. is also described. The stratigraphic distribution of these taxa allows us to suggest a slow and gradual climatic change during the Holocene and a mosaic environment with grasslands and gallery forests, which is indicated by the presence of fossorial animals that typify open areas, coexisting with taxa of forested areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology of Small Mammals in a Brazilian Rural Area
    Ecology of small mammals in a Brazilian rural area Paulo Sergio D'Andrea 1 Rosana Gentile 2 Rui Cerqueira 2 Carlos Eduardo V. Grelle 2 Claudia Horta 1 Luis Rey 1 ABSTRACT. Asmall mammal study was carried out in Pampanao valley, Sumidouro, State ofRio de Janeiro, Brazil,from June 1991 to July 1996. The area was characterised by small rmal propelties with vegetable plantations, pasture lands and small forest fragments. Small mammals were captured in seven line transects along the valley. Eleven small mammal species were captured: the didelphid marsupials Didelphis aurita, Philander !renata and Monodelphis americana, and the rodents Nectomys squamipes, Akodol/ cursor, OligOlyzomys nigripes, Bolomys lasiurus, Oecomys con­ color (Sigmodontinae), Rattus rattus (Murinae), Proechimys iheringi and Euryzygo­ matomys guiara (Echimyidae). The heterogeneous habitat configuration probably allowed the occurrence of marsupials and more rodent species when compared to studies in monocu!ture areas. KEY WORDS. marsupials, rodents, cultivated areas, Brazil The replacement of natural habitats by cultivated areas has been changing the structure ofanimal and plant communities, chiefly in relation to the composition and abundance ofspecies. Mammals playa special role in these disturbed areas and are considered good indicators of the degree of disturbance (SOULE & WILCOX 1980). Also some opportunistic species, such as herbivore and graminivorous rodents, might become agricultural plagues with extreme population peaks (MUTZE 1990; GALANTE & CASSINI 1994). Furthermore, in rural areas, many small mammals are involved in the cycles of human parasites acting as natural reservoirs (MELLO 1991; REY 1993; DIOUTAIUTI el of. 1995). The ability to understand changes in natural populations due to human disturbance is hampered by the absence of long-term studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Behavioral Repertoire of the Brazilian Spiny-Rats, Trinomys
    ISSN 1519-6984 (Print) ISSN 1678-4375 (Online) THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON NEOTROPICAL BIOLOGY THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT Original Article Behavioral repertoire of the Brazilian spiny-rats, Trinomys setosus and Clyomys laticeps: different levels of sociality Repertório comportamental dos ratos-espinhos brasileiros, Trinomys setosus e Clyomys laticeps: diferentes níveis de socialidade L. M. R. Cantanoa , L. C. Luchesia , J. T. Takataa , and P. F. Monticellia* aUniversidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto – FFCLRP, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Etologia e Bioacústica – EBAC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia em Psicobiologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil Abstract Behavior is a useful trait for comparative studies that provide the comprehension of phylogenetic relationships among species. Here, we present a description of two spiny-rats species’ behavioral repertoire, Clyomys laticeps and Trinomys setosus (Rodentia: Echimyidae). The affiliative and agonistic behavioral patterns were sampled during a three-year study of captive populations of wild animals. Observational data were collected in two phases under different arrangements of individuals in groups. We also compare the behavioral traits of T. setosus and C. laticeps with the known behavioral patterns of Trinomys yonenagae. We add categories to the previous descriptions of T. setosus and a standard ethogram for C. laticeps. Trinomys setosus showed a visual and vocal display we called foot-trembling, which was not described in this form and function for other species studied until now. We discuss the differences in their sociality levels and similarities and differences among behavior patterns and repertoires. Keywords: Brazilian Cerrado, seismic communication, ethogram, neotropical species, rodents.
    [Show full text]
  • Euryzygomatomys Spinosus (Rodentia, Echimyidae) in the Brazilian Cerrado
    11 5 1742 the journal of biodiversity data 16 September 2015 Check List NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 11(5): 1742, 16 September 2015 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.5.1742 ISSN 1809-127X © 2015 Check List and Authors Range extension and first record of Euryzygomatomys spinosus (Rodentia, Echimyidae) in the Brazilian Cerrado Ana Carolina Loss1, Marco Aurélio C. Pacheco2, Yuri L. R. Leite1, Vilacio Caldara-Junior3 and Leonardo G. Lessa2* 1 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, CEP 29075- 910, Vitória, ES, Brazil 2 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rodovia MGT 369, 5000, CEP 39100- 000, Diamantina, MG, Brazil 3 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, campus Santa Teresa, Rodovia ES 080, km 93, São João de Petrópolis, CEP 29660-000, Santa Teresa, ES, Brazil * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: We present herein the first record of body covered with brown to black spiny dorsal pelage, Euryzygomatomys spinosus (G. Fischer, 1814) in the and short ears and tail (Eisenberg and Redford 1999; Brazilian Cerrado, based on two adult male specimens Bonvicino et al. 2008), typical of subterranean rodents. collected in a “campo limpo” (dry grassland) area at The dentition of E. spinosus is unique, characterized Sempre Vivas National Park, state of Minas Gerais, by very deep reentrant flexi/flexids, forming elongate southeastern Brazil, in June and August 2014. This fossettes/fossettids, and by the anterior fossette and taxon was previously known only from the Brazilian metafossette subequal in size (Verzi et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Cómo Citar El Artículo Número Completo Más Información Del
    Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 ISSN: 1666-0536 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Brandão, Marcus Vinicius; Terra Garbino, Guilherme Siniciato; Fernandes Semedo, Thiago Borges; Feijó, Anderson; Oliveira do Nascimento, Fabio; Fernandes- Ferreira, Hugo; Vieira Rossi, Rogério; Dalponte, Julio; Carmignotto, Ana Paula MAMMALS OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL: ANNOTATED SPECIES LIST AND HISTORICAL REVIEW Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 26, núm. 2, 2019, Julio-, pp. 263-306 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45763089010 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(2):263-307 Mendoza, 2019 Copyright © SAREM, 2019 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 hp://www.sarem.org.ar hps://doi.org/10.31687/saremMN.19.26.2.0.03 hp://www.sbmz.org Artículo MAMMALS OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL: ANNOTATED SPECIES LIST AND HISTORICAL REVIEW Marcus Vinicius Brandão1, Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino2, Thiago Borges Fernandes Semedo3,4, Anderson Feijó5, Fabio Oliveira do Nascimento1, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira6, Rogério Vieira Rossi3, Julio Dalponte7 and Ana Paula Carmignotto8 1Mastozoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Correspondence: Marcus Vinicius Brandão <[email protected]>] 2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Late Pleistocene Echimyid Rodents (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from Northern Brazil
    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil FERREIRA, THAIS M.F.; OLIVARES, ADRIANA ITATI; KERBER, LEONARDO; DUTRA, RODRIGO P.; AVILLA, LEONARDO S. Late Pleistocene echimyid rodents (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from northern Brazil Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 88, núm. 2, abril-junio, 2016, pp. 829-845 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32746363007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2016) 88(2): 829-845 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150288 www.scielo.br/aabc Late Pleistocene echimyid rodents (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from northern Brazil THAIS M.F. FERREIRA1,2, ADRIANA Itati OLIVARES3, LEONARDO KERBER4, RODRIGO P. DUTRA5 and LEONARDO S. AVILLA6 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil 2Seção de Paleontologia, Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil 3Sección Mastozoología, División Zoología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, UNLP, CONICET, Paseo del Bosque, s/n, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa Paleontológica da Quarta Colônia/CAPPA, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230-000 São João do Polêsine, RS, Brasil 5Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av.
    [Show full text]
  • On Paraguayan Thrichomys (Hystricognathi: Echimyidae): the Distinctiveness of Thrichomys Fosteri Thomas, 1903 Guillermo D’Elía1*, and Philip Myers2
    Sobre las Thrichomys (Hysticognathi: Echimyidae) THERYA, abril, 2014 paraguayas: la distinción de Thrichomys fosteri Vol.5(1): 153-166 Thomas, 1903 DOI: 10.12933/therya-14-182 On Paraguayan Thrichomys (Hystricognathi: Echimyidae): the distinctiveness of Thrichomys fosteri Thomas, 1903 Guillermo D’Elía1*, and Philip Myers2 Introduction: Thrichomys is a genus of cursorial rodents of the family Echimyidae that is distributed across open tropical ecoregions in central and eastern South America. The understanding of species boundaries within the genus has changed dramatically during the last decade with the widespread usage of chromosomal and molecular data, resulting in an unstable taxonomy. One of the issues recently raised, on the basis of a study of specimens from south central Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul State), is the distinctiveness at the species level of T. fosteri (with type locality in Paraguay), usually considered a synonym of T. pachyurus. Here we provide the first morphologic, karyotypic and molecular data for a series of Paraguayan specimens of Thrichomys aimed to resolve this taxonomic conundrum. Methodology: Thirty one specimens collected at five Paraguayan localities were morphologically assessed. Descriptive statistics for 20 cranial measurements were calculated for a subset of specimens considered juveniles and for a subset of specimens considered to be adults. Seven specimens of Thrichomys from three Paraguayan localities were karyotyped using standard chromosome techniques. The genetic (p-distance) and phylogenetic (Bayesian inference) analyses were based on the first 801 base pairs of the cytochromeb gene of 15 Paraguayan specimens collected at one locality and 71 Brazilian specimens of Thrichomys that belong to about eight forms of species level.
    [Show full text]
  • Echimyidae): a Multigene Phylogenetic Approach
    Zoologica Scripta Diversification of South American spiny rats (Echimyidae): a multigene phylogenetic approach PIERRE-HENRI FABRE,THOMAS GALEWSKI,MARIE-KA TILAK &EMMANUEL J. P. DOUZERY Submitted: 31 March 2012 Fabre, P.-H., Galewski, T., Tilak, M.-k. & Douzery, E.J.P. (2012) Diversification of South Accepted: 15 September 2012 American spiny rats (Echimyidae): a multigene phylogenetic approach. —Zoologica Scripta, doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00572.x 42, 117–134. We investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 14 Echimyidae (spiny rats), one Myocas- toridae (nutrias) and one Capromyidae (hutias) genera based on three newly sequenced nuclear genes (APOB, GHR and RBP3) and five previously published markers (the nuclear RAG1 and vWF, and the mitochondrial cytochrome b, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). We recovered a well-supported phylogeny within the Echimyidae, although the evolutionary relationships among arboreal echimyid taxa remain unresolved. Molecular divergence times estimated using a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock suggest a Middle Miocene origin for most of the extant echimyid genera. Echimyidae seems to constitute an example of evolu- tionary radiation with high species diversity, yet they exhibit only narrow skull morpholog- ical changes, and the arboreal and terrestrial taxa are shown to retain numerous plesiomorphic features. The most recent common ancestor of spiny rats is inferred to be a ground-dwelling taxon that has subsequently diverged into fossorial, semiaquatic and arbo- real habitats. The arboreal clade polytomy and ancestral character estimations suggest that the colonization of the arboreal niche constituted the keystone event of the echimyid radia- tion. However, biogeographical patterns suggest a strong influence of allopatric speciation in addition to ecology-driven diversification among South American spiny rats.
    [Show full text]
  • 5 the History of South American Octodontoid Rodents and Its Contribution to Evolutionary Generalisations Diego H
    5 The history of South American octodontoid rodents and its contribution to evolutionary generalisations diego h. verzi, cecilia c. morgan and a. itatı´ olivares Introduction The peculiar New World hystricomorph rodents comprise about half of the mammal species of South America (Upham and Patterson, 2012) and have been evolving in this continent for over 40 Ma (Antoine et al., 2012). During this period, they developed an ecomorphological diversity much greater than that of other rodent clades, even when only the extant fauna is considered (Mares and Ojeda, 1982; Wilson and Sa´nchez-Villagra, 2010; Hautier et al., 2012). This results especially from the evolution of particular morphologies in three of the four suprafamilial clades, Erethizontoidea (New World porcupines), Chinchilloidea (viscachas), and Cavioidea (maras and cavies), a pattern that begins to be apparent in the Oligocene fossil record (Wood and Patterson, 1959; Bertrand et al., 2012). In contrast, the superfamily Octodontoidea has remained morphologically conservative for much longer, the rodents of this group being unique among South American hystricomorphs in retaining a rat-like appearance (e.g. Redford and Eisenberg, 1992: pl. 17; Eisenberg and Redford, 1999: pl. 13). Remarkably, when considered in combination with their apparently narrower range of morphological innovation, Octodontoidea is the most diverse clade of hystricomorph rodents. In particular, the families Echimyidae and Octodontidae (including the subfamily Ctenomyinae, considered by neontologists as a family in their own right; see Verzi et al. 2014) comprise more than 60% of the extant species of South American hystricomorphs, and have the richest fossil record of the suborder (McKenna and Bell, 1997; Woods and Kilpatrick, 2005; Upham and Patterson, 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Evolutionary Patterns of South American Octodontoid Rodents
    Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns of South American octodontoid rodents DIEGO H. VERZI, A. ITATÍ OLIVARES, and CECILIA C. MORGAN Verzi, D.H., Olivares, A.I., and Morgan, C.C. 2014. Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns of South American octodontoid rodents. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (4): 757–769. Octodontoidea is the most diverse clade of hystricognath rodents, and is richly recorded in South America since at least the Oligocene. A parsimony-based morphological phylogenetic analysis of a wide range of extant and extinct octodon- toids recovered three major clades, here recognised as Echimyidae, Octodontidae, and Abrocomidae. Taxa previously assigned to Echimyidae or Octodontoidea incertae sedis are here interpreted for the first time as early representatives of Ctenomyinae (Octodontidae), Octodontinae or Abrocomidae. Based on our results, we estimate the divergence of octodontoid families and subfamilies to have occurred during the Late Oligocene, which is consistent with molecular estimates, but older than previous inferences based on the fossil record. Contrary to previous suggestions, we show the first appearances of modern members of Abrocomidae, Octodontinae and Ctenomyinae to be distinctly decoupled from the origin of these clades, with different stages in the evolutionary history of octodontoids seemingly following distinct phases of palaeoenvironmental change. Depending on the phylogenetic pattern, fossils from the stage of differentiation bear evolutionary information that may not be provided by crown groups, thus highlighting the unique and important contribution of fossils to our understanding of macroevolutionary patterns. Key words: Mammalia, Rodentia, Hystricognathi, Octodontoidea, phylogeny, evolution, divergence dates, Cenozoic, South America. Diego H. Verzi [[email protected]], A. Itatí Olivares [[email protected]], and Cecilia C.
    [Show full text]
  • PNABD486.Pdf
    +++++i++. - An annotated bibliogniphy on rodent research in Latin America, 1960=1985 i-jv I A 'W I I. 44- An annotated PRODUCTIONPLANT AND PROTECTION bibliography PAPER on rodent research 98 in Latin America, 1960-1985 by G. Clay Mitchell, Florence L. Powe, Myrna L. Seller and Hope N. Mitchell Denver Wildlife Research Center U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Science and Technology Building 16, P.O. Box 25266 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225-0266 F FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 1989 The designations employed and the presentation of material Inthis publication do not imply the expression ofany opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or areaor ofItsauthorties, orconcerning thedelimitationof its frontiers or boundaries. M-14 ISBN 92-5-102830- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored Irsa retrieval system, or transmitted inany form or by any means, electronic, mechani­ cal, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission ofthe copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statemont of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organizationof the United Nations, Via delle Terme dl Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. © FAO 1989 INTRODUCTION From 1950 through 1973, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) published three bibliographies on rodent research. This present bibliography is to update the Latin American portion of these bibliographies from 1960 through 1985.
    [Show full text]