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Ports) in Indonesia Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Interisland Transport Project (Ports) in Indonesia July 2005 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 June 2005) Currency unit – rupiah (Rp) Rp1.00 – $0.000105 $1.00 – Rp9.500.00 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank Analisa Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan (Environmental Impact AMDAL – Assessment Process) AMDAL includes ANDAL, RKL and RPL Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (Environmental Impact Assessment, ANDAL – EIA) BAPEDALDA – Regional Environmental Office dBA – ‘A’ weighted equivalent decibel DGSC – Directorate General of Sea Communication EA – executing agency EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environmental management plan GDP – gross domestic product IA – implementing agency IEE – initial environmental examination IRR – internal rate of return ISO – International Standard Organization KIK – Kariangau Industrial Park (Kawasan Industri Kariangau) KLH – Ministry of Environment LOA – length overall MOC – Ministry of Communication (Departemen Perhubungan) MSL – mean sea level NGO – nongovernment organization PELINDO – PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia (state-owned port operation company) PMU – project management unit Rencana Pemantauan Linkungan (Environmental Monitoring RPL – Program) SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SIEE – summary initial environmental examination STP – sewerage treatment plan TA – technical assistance TBT – tin tributylin UKL – Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan (Environmental Management Effort) UPL – Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan (Environmental Monitoring effort) WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha – hectare; 1 ha = 10,000 square meters km – kilometer m – meter CONTENTS Page Maps I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. THE BALIKPAPAN PORT COMPONENT 1 A. Description of the Project 1 B. Description of Environment 2 C. Alternatives 4 D. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 5 E. Economic Assessment 8 F. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10 G. Public Consultation and Disclosure 11 H. Findings and Recommendations 11 I. Conclusion 12 III. THE JAYAPURA PORT COMPONENT 12 A. Description of Component 12 B. Description of Environment 13 C. Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 14 D. Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring 16 E. Public Consultation and Disclosure 17 F. Findings and Recommendations 17 G. Conclusion 18 APPENDIXES 1. Details of Environmental Costs: Balikpapan Component 19 2. Environmental Management Action Plan: Balikpapan Component 23 3. Environmental Monitoring Program: Balikpapan Component 30 4. Details of Environmental Costs: Jayapura Component 34 5. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures: Jayapura Component 37 6. Environmental Monitoring Program: Jayapura Component 41 1 I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Government of Indonesia has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) for a loan to expand and improve port facilities at Balikpapan, Kalimantan and Jayapura at Papua. The main thrusts of the proposed Project are to (i) remove capacity constraints and improve operational efficiency and productivity in the port of Jayapura, and (ii) create a new container terminal in Kariangau near Balikpapan port to meet the rapidly growing demands of cargo and passenger traffic. These two ports are owned and operated by PELINDO (PT Pelabuhan Indonesia-State-owned Limited Liability Port Company) IV, under the jurisdiction of the Directorate General of Sea Communications (DGSC) in the Ministry of Commutations. 2. The proposed Project will comprise two major components: (i) ports construction and (ii) capacity building. The port development comprises the construction of a new container terminal for Balikpapan port and expansion of the existing Jayapura port. The capacity building component will consist of preparation of a port reform action plan, port management training, and study on restructuring and rationalizing ferry and sea transport operations. The Project will also promote private sector participation in Balikpapan port. 3. ADB classified the Balikpapan component as environmental category A, requiring an environmental impact assessment (EIA), and the Jayapura component as environmental category B, requiring an initial environmental examination (IEE). The ANDAL (Analisis Dampak Lingkungan or Environmental Impact Assessment Report) for the Balikpapan Port component was prepared by PELINDO IV in 1996 and was updated in 2005. The final ANDAL is yet to be approved by the Ministry of Environment (KLH), as the Balikpapan Port is an international port. An ANDAL for Jayapura component is required by BAPEDALDA (local environmental bureau) due to the concerns over traffic impacts of the proposal extension, and was prepared by PELINDO IV in 2005. The ANDAL is yet to be approved by BAPEDALDA. This summary EIA (SEIA), following ADB’s Environmental Policy and Environmental Assessment Guidelines (2003), is based on the two ANDALs, related updates, and ADB staff’s field visits. This SEIA contains two parts, the Balikpapan Port component and the Jayapura Port component. II. THE BALIKPAPAN PORT COMPONENT A. Description of the Project 4. The Project will involve the construction of a new container port located in Kariangau, Balikpapan Bay, and its access road of 1.7 km. The new container terminal is needed because of the congestion of existing facilities in Balikpapan, the Semayang and Kampung Baru terminals. Physical site constraints prevent further extension of the Semayang port site, which currently experiences substantial traffic congestion on the land access routes between the city of Balikpapan and the port. 5. The Kariangau container terminal is located in the east of Balikpapan Bay and is part of the integrated masterplan of Kawasan Industri Kariangau (KIK, Kariangau Industrial Park). The area of the KIK is approximately 2,000 hectares (ha) and will be developed in five phases. The proposed container terminal will be a crucial milestone of phase 1 of the KIK. The AMDAL (Indonesia environmental impact assessment process) was conducted for KIK in 2003, and relevant environmental reports and plans were approved in the same year. A coastal land area of 100 ha has been earmarked and set aside within the KIK for the phased development of the container terminal. The first stage development to be financed by ADB loan will occupy about 10 ha. 2 6. The main activities in this Project during construction are (i) marine construction works of new quays, dredging, and land reclamation; (ii) onshore construction works such as cut and fill operations for construction of new buildings and storage sheds, utilities, drainage and a sewerage treatment plant (STP) for 35 m3 wastewater/day, paved areas and roads, including port access roads; and (iii) installation of cargo handling equipment. Port operation activities include container loading and unloading and related tasks, port maintenance, ship supply services, and administrative tasks. The stage 1 port development is estimated to take 20 months to complete from the start of construction. B. Description of Environment 1. Physical Resources a. Climate 7. The Project is located in the southern part of the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo. Balikpapan Bay showcases a wet tropical climate year around, facing the Makassar Straits. The rainfall is relatively high with average of 2,515.8 mm/year, and the monthly rainfall varies from 143.8–313.4 mm. The average air temperature is 27.1 oC. Monthly wind velocity reaches 8–12 knot, while northerly winds prevail during the rainy season and southerly winds during the dry season. b. Topography, Geology, Soils 8. The municipality of Balikpapan covers a total area of 750 square kilometers, the area’s topography is 85% mountainous and 15% flat. Kariangau is a 17,532 ha subdistrict located to the north of Balikapan City. The Project site is located along the Balikpapan Bay shoreline with slopes of 0–2% gradient. Coastal knolls are found further inland and form part of the site. Slope gradients reach 15–40%. The terrain for the proposed access road is similarly undulating. Closer to the shoreline, the surface run-off will drain in north-western direction towards Sungai Pada, or directly to the sea. 9. The bathymetric conditions of the site include gently to moderate sloping seabed from the shoreline to about –12m low water spring at between 300 to 400 m of distance from the shoreline. The site’s geology is characterized by alluvial sedimentation, featuring predominantly clay and sandy soils. Similar conditions can be expected for the seabed sediments. Extensive weathering and leaching of soils on steep slopes has occurred because protective vegetation cover has been removed for temporary road access to the site. This has led to the removal of most soluble soil components, with the stormwater run off. c. Surface, Marine and Groundwater Quality 10. Balikpapan Bay extends north from the mouth of the Makassar Strait. It has a width of 5.6 km at the entrance, and about 20 km lies between the mouth of the bay and Balang Island. From its morphology, the bay may be classified as semiclosed, which makes it a retentive polluting zone. High tide is 1.40 m above mean sea level, and the low tide is 1.40 m below mean sea level. 11. The rivers that flow into Balikpapan Bay are relatively small compared with other principal rivers in East Kalimantan. They include (i) Wain river (including Wain Kiri, Wain Tengah, and Wain Besar), with a length of 18 km; (ii) Sumber river, 15 km; (iii) Makasaar river, 4 km; (iv) Berenga river, 9 km; and (v) Lempasuang river, 10 km.
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