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John Anderson's Development of (Situational) Realism And
CHAPTER THREE JOHN ANDERSON’S DEVELOPMENT OF (SITUATIONAL) REALISM AND ITS BEARING ON PSYCHOLOGY TODAY1 Fiona J. Hibberd ABSTRACT. In 1927, the Scottish philosopher John Anderson arrived in Australia to take up the Chair of Philosophy at the University of Sydney. By the late 1930s, the ‘macrostructure’ of his realist system was in place. It includes a theory of process and a substantial meta- physics, one which opposes positivism, linguistic philosophy and all forms of idealism. However, beyond Australia it remains largely un- known, despite its bearing on a number of current issues in psychol- ogy and the social sciences generally. This paper outlines Anderson’s transition from Hegelian idealism to realism, describes aspects of his ontology and epistemology, compares some of Anderson’s ideas with Dewey’s pragmatism and explains their relevance to present-day psychology. In 1927, the Scottish philosopher John Anderson arrived in Australia to take up the Chair of Philosophy at the University of Sydney. Marking this event, John Passmore described it as ‘... the greatest single piece of intellectual good fortune our country Australia has ever experienced’ (1977, p. 53). As the university’s prime rebel, Anderson’s political engagement with the university, the church and other institutions, have been well documented (e.g., Franklin, 2003; Kennedy, 1995; Weblin, 2003b). His greatest impact, however, was on the intellectual life of Sydney where generations of students were to meet with a forceful articulation and defense of his realist philosophical system. 1 This chapter is reprinted from Hibberd, F. J. (2009). John Anderson's de- velopment of (situational) realism and its bearing on Psychology today. -
A Life of Thinking the Andersonian Tradition in Australian Philosophy a Chronological Bibliography
own. One of these, of the University Archive collections of Anderson material (2006) owes to the unstinting co-operation of of Archives staff: Julia Mant, Nyree Morrison, Tim Robinson and Anne Picot. I have further added material from other sources: bibliographical A Life of Thinking notes (most especially, James Franklin’s 2003 Corrupting the The Andersonian Tradition in Australian Philosophy Youth), internet searches, and compilations of Andersonian material such as may be found in Heraclitus, the pre-Heraclitus a chronological bibliography Libertarian Broadsheet, the post-Heraclitus Sydney Realist, and Mark Weblin’s JA and The Northern Line. The attempt to chronologically line up Anderson’s own work against the work of James Packer others showing some greater or lesser interest in it, seems to me a necessary move to contextualise not only Anderson himself, but Australian philosophy and politics in the twentieth century and beyond—and perhaps, more broadly still, a realist tradition that Australia now exports to the world. Introductory Note What are the origins and substance of this “realist tradition”? Perhaps the best summary of it is to be found in Anderson’s own The first comprehensive Anderson bibliography was the one reading, currently represented in the books in Anderson’s library constructed for Studies in Empirical Philosophy (1962). It listed as bequeathed to the University of Sydney. I supply an edited but Anderson’s published philsophical work and a fair representation unabridged version of the list of these books that appears on the of his published social criticism. In 1984 Geraldine Suter published John Anderson SETIS website, to follow the bibliography proper. -
Curriculum Vitae GEOFFREY SAYRE-Mccord October 2020
Curriculum Vitae GEOFFREY SAYRE-McCORD October 2020 3301 West Cornwallis Road Department of Philosophy Durham, NC 27705 University of North Carolina (919) 627-1403 Chapel Hill, NC 27599 [email protected] PERSONAL: Born December 10, 1956; Boston MA. Married; two children. EDUCATION: University of Pittsburgh (1979-1986): Ph.D., April 1986; M.A., 1981. Dissertation: “Realism and Moral Epistemology” Oberlin College (1975-1979): B.A. with Honors in Philosophy, 1979. POSITIONS: University of North Carolina/Chapel Hill, Morehead-Cain Alumni Distinguished Professor, July 2008- present; Professor, July 1995-June 2008; Associate Professor, July 1990-June 1995; Assistant Professor, January 1986-June 1990; Instructor, July 1985-December 1985. (Interim Director, Parr Center for Ethics, October 2014-June 2015 and July 2016-August 2018; Director, Philosophy, Politics, and Economics Program, 2005-present; Philosophy Department Chair, July 2001-June 2011.) Philosophy, Politics, and Economics Society, Founder and Director, 2015-present Marc Sanders Foundation, Executive Director, 2019-present Princeton University, Laurance S. Rockefeller Visiting Professor for Distinguished Teaching, 2015- 2016. University of Edinburgh, Professorial Fellow, 2013-2016, Regular Distinguished Visiting Professor, 2016-present University of California, Irvine, Distinguished Visiting Professor, Spring 2000, Spring 2001 University of Auckland, Visiting Professor, July 1997-August 1997. University of Pittsburgh, Teaching Fellow, 1980-1983. FELLOWSHIPS, HONORS, AND AWARDS: Philip Quinn Prize for “service to philosophy and philosophers,” the American Philosophical Association, January 2020. Visiting Fellowship at the Australian National University, Canberra, for 2019. Rajkumar Faculty Fellowship, Carolina Asia Center, University of North Carolina/Chapel Hill 2017. Regular Visiting Distinguished Professor at the University of Edinburgh, 2016-present. -
PHI Volume 62 Issue 239 Cover and Back Matter
BLACKWELL Pragmatism without Foundations Reconciling Realism and Relativism JOSEPH MARGOLIS Addressing the central question of how traditionalist claims to truth stand up in the light of recent pragmatist and relativist assumptions, Joseph Margolis's elegant and controversial analysis sets out to defend a novel version of relativism against the usual charges that it must be incoherent or self-defeating. 352 pages, £25.00 (0 63115034 X) The Nature of Time Edited by RAYMOND FLOOD and MICHAEL LOCKWOOD In this impressive collection of original articles ten internationally- known scholars use the latest developments in thermodynamics, quantum theory and cosmology to explore and explain the nature of time, space and space-time. 200 pages, £19.50 (0 63114807 8) The Languages of Logic S. D. GUTTENPLAN '[This book] brings out clearly and succinctly the relation of formal logic to natural languages and provides the necessary grounding for topics treated in the philosophy of logic and language. Issues about reference, names and descriptions arise naturally from the treatment of predicate logic. Many textbooks fail in this respect—it will fill a real gap.' David Hirschmann 344 pages, hardback £25.00 (0 63114624 5) paperback £7.95 (0 63114625 3) Convention DAVID LEWIS Convention was immediately recognized as a major contribution to the subject and its significance has remained undiminished since its first publication in 1969. It is now once more available, and published in paperback for the first time. 'Readers will be indebted to the author of this book' Philosophical Quarterly 224 pages, paperback £8.95 (0 63115079 X) Counterfactuals DAVID LEWIS 'This is an excellent book. -
[email protected] 5 Washington Place New York, NY 10003
July, 2020 CURRICULUM VITAE Samuel Scheffler Telephone: (212) 998-3643 NYU Department of Philosophy E-mail: [email protected] 5 Washington Place New York, NY 10003 Education: Harvard University, A.B. 1973 Princeton University, Ph.D. 1977 Employment: University of California, Berkeley Assistant Professor of Philosophy (1977-79) Associate Professor of Philosophy (1979-85) Professor of Philosophy (1985-97) Professor of Philosophy and Law (1997-98) Class of 1941 WW II Memorial Professor of Philosophy and Law (1998-2008) New York University University Professor (2008- ) Professor of Philosophy and Law (2008- ) Fellowships and Awards: Phi Beta Kappa, 1972 Sheldon Travelling Fellowship, 1973-74 Danforth Graduate Fellowship, 1973-77 UC Berkeley Humanities Research Fellowship, Winter Quarter 1981, 2006-2007 Franklin J. Matchette Prize of the American Philosophical Association (for The Rejection of Consequentialism), 1983 Guggenheim Fellowship, 1984-85 National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship, 1989-90 University of California President’s Research Fellowship in the Humanities, 1989-90 All Souls College (Oxford) Visiting Fellowship, Hilary and Trinity Terms, 1990 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 2004) 2 Lectureships: Lindley Lecture, University of Kansas, 1994 John Dewey Lecture, University of Vermont, 1995 Sir Malcolm Knox Memorial Lecture, University of St. Andrews, 2002 Winston Distinguished Fellow, University of North Carolina, 2003 Annual Law and Philosophy Lecture, Columbia Law School, 2005 Mala Kamm Memorial Lecture in Value Theory, NYU, 2007 Ethics, Politics, and Society Lecture, Rice University, 2007 Everett W. Hall Lecture, University of Iowa, 2008 Richard and Dorothy Sikora Lecture, University of British Columbia, 2009 Ruth Evelyn Parcells Memorial Lecture, University of Connecticut, 2009 John Passmore Lecture, Australian National University, 2011 Tanner Lectures on Human Values, UC Berkeley, 2012 H.L.A. -
Unifying Psychology Through Situational Realism Agnes Petocz University of Western Sydney, [email protected]
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers Faculty of Social Sciences 2013 Unifying psychology through situational realism Agnes Petocz University of Western Sydney, [email protected] Nigel Mackay University of Wollongong, [email protected] Publication Details Petocz, A. & Mackay, N. (2013). Unifying psychology through situational realism. Review of General Psychology, 17 (2), 216-223. Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Unifying psychology through situational realism Abstract We propose that a coherent and thoroughgoing version of realism, known as situational realism, offers a unifying program for psychology. This realism emerges from the conditions of being that enable knowledge and discourse. Because this research originated largely in a century's work by Australian psychologists and philosophers, we will introduce and explain research and vocabulary that might be unfamiliar to some readers. The ppra oach is characterized by seven themes: ontological egalitarianism; situational complexity and process orientation; a network or field view of causality; a realist logic; a view of relations as nonconstitutive; an externalist relational approach to mind; and acceptance of critical inquiry as the core scientific method. The combination of these features offers psychology the following: a metatheoretical framework that resolves current tensions; expansion into the field of meanings and reintegration with hermeneutics and semiotics; clarification and redirection of mainstream cognitive neuroscience and information processing; an integrative approach to personality; expansion, redirection and unification of psychological research methods; and revision and expansion in psychological practice and teaching. -
Chance and Necessity : from Humean Supervenience to Humean Projection
CHANCE AND NECESSITY: FROM HUMEAN SUPERVENIENCE TO HUMEAN PROJECTION Wolfgang Spohn Fachbereich Philosophie Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany Abstract: This paper attempts to develop a projectivistic understanding of chance or objective probability or partial determination. It does so by critically examining David Lewis’ philosophy of probability and his defense of Humean Supervenience, building thereupon the constructive projectivistic alternative, which will basically be a suitable reinterpretation of de Finetti’s position. Any treatment of the topic must show how it extends to natural necessity or deterministic laws or full determination in perfect parallel. The paper indicates at the end how this demand can be met. 1. Introduction* Probability abounds in the natural and social sciences. Yet, science strives for ob- jectivity. Scientists are not pleased when told that probability is just opinion and there is no more sense to it. They are prone to believe in objective probabilities or chances. This is an essay about how to understand them. Indeed, it is my first serious attempt in English1 to come to terms with the no- tion of chance or objective probability. I cannot help feeling that this is a pre- sumptuous enterprise. Many great minds have penetrated the topic. Each feasible position has been ably defended. No philosophically relevant theorem remains to be discovered. What else should there be to say? Yet, the issue is not settled. Even though all pieces are on the table, no one missing, how to compose the jigsaw puzzle is still not entirely clear. Philosophical uneasiness continues. Everybody has to try anew to put the puzzle together. -
Predication and the Problem of Universals Catherine Legg
Philosophical Papers Vol. 30, No. 2 (July 2001): 117-143 Predication and the Problem of Universals Catherine Legg Abstract: This paper contrasts the scholastic realists of David Armstrong and Charles Peirce. It is argued that the so-called 'problem of universals' is not a problem in pure ontology (concerning whether universals exist) as Armstrong construes it to be. Rather, it extends to issues concerning which predicates should be applied where, issues which Armstrong sets aside under the label of 'semantics', and which from a Peircean perspective encompass even the fundamentals of scientific methodology. It is argued that Peir ce's scholastic realism not only presents a more nuanced ontology (distinguishing the existent front the real) but also provides more of a sense of why realism should be a position worth fighting for. ... a realist is simply one who knows no more recondite reality than that which is represented in a true representation. C.S. Peirce Like many other philosophical problems, the grandly-named 'Problem of Universals' is difficult to define without begging the question that it raises. Laurence Goldstein, however, provides a helpful hands-off denotation of the problem by noting that it proceeds from what he calls The Trivial Obseruation:2 The observation is the seemingly incontrovertible claim that, 'sometimes some things have something in common'. The 1 Philosophical Writings of Peirce, ed. Justus Buehler (New York: Dover Publications, 1955), 248. 2 Laurence Goldstein, 'Scientific Scotism – The Emperor's New Trousers or Has Armstrong Made Some Real Strides?', Australasian Journal of Philosophy, vol 61, No. 1 (March 1983), 40. -
Realism and the State of Theory in Psychology
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health January 2011 Realism and the state of theory in psychology Nigel Mackay University of Wollongong, [email protected] Agnes Petocz University of Western Sydney, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/hbspapers Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, Life Sciences Commons, Medicine and Health Sciences Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Mackay, Nigel and Petocz, Agnes: Realism and the state of theory in psychology 2011, 17-51. https://ro.uow.edu.au/hbspapers/1049 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Realism and the state of theory in psychology Keywords psychology, state, realism, theory Disciplines Arts and Humanities | Life Sciences | Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details Mackay, N. & Petocz, A. (2011). Realism and the state of theory in psychology. In N. Mackay & A. Petocz (Eds.), Realism and Psychology: Collected Essays (pp. 17-51). Leiden: Brill. This book chapter is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/hbspapers/1049 CHAPTER ONE REALISM AND THE STATE OF THEORY IN PSYCHOLOGY Nigel Mackay and Agnes Petocz 1. The Curious State Of Psychology: Empirical Expansion but Theoretical Disarray Psychology is flourishing. It is a hugely popular subject for study. In application it finds its way into all corners of modern life. In empiri- cal research there seems hardly a topic that the many thousands of research psychologists in departments around the world do not in- vestigate. -
Professor John Passmore FAHA
Proceedings Master_FINAL.qxp 7/06/2005 10:19 AM Page 50 Professor J A Passmore (1914–2004) Australian Academy of the Humanities, Proceedings 29, 2004 Proceedings Master_FINAL.qxp 7/06/2005 10:19 AM Page 51 John Arthur Passmore (1914–2004) § he world has many very clever people. John Passmore was one of them. What is Tless common is someone who sets an agenda, who does things in new ways, who shapes the way we tackle central problems. Passmore was one of the less common. Passmore was an early student of the influential Scottish-born philosopher John Anderson at the University of Sydney. There are conflicting reports of what it was like to study under Anderson. But there is no disputing that some outstanding philosophers came through Anderson’s Sydney school. Passmore, along with David Armstrong, would have to be the most prominent. Passmore taught at Sydney before going to the chair of philosophy at the University of Otago in 1950. He then moved in 1955 to the Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University, where he was reader and then professor of philosophy and head of department. He held a number of distinguished visiting appointments at universities outside Australia including Gauss Lecturer, Princeton University, and was Tanner Lecturer on Human Values at Cambridge University in 1980. He gave the ABC Boyer Lectures in 1981. He was a director and later governor of the Australian Elizabethan Theatre Trust and was made a Companion of the Order of Australia in 1992. Passmore was never one to ride with the herd and for a good part of his career was something of a lone voice in Australian philosophy. -
A Philosophical Memoir
Paideusis, Volume 19 (2010), No. 2., pp. 78-85 Following the Argument: A Philosophical Memoir WILLIAM HARE Mount Saint Vincent University I was in the right place at the right time. Canadian universities were in an expansionist mood in the 1960s and business was brisk with respect to hiring. It was in full swing when I entered the Ph.D. program at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education in 1968 and, fortunately for me, had not quite petered out by the time my two-year residency was drawing to a close. The Department of Education at Dalhousie University was in the midst of reorganizing its B.Ed. program in 1969–1970 with a new emphasis on introducing student teachers to what had come to be regarded as the main disciplines relevant to educational theory, one of which was philosophy of education. The position at Dalhousie also involved a minor appointment in the Department of Philosophy and this made it all the more attractive. I interviewed successfully in January 1970, and so it was that in August that year, Niki and I arrived in Halifax where we have made our home now for forty years. Within a few months, I had defended my dissertation and my career was well underway. All this lay in the unknown future and could scarcely have been imagined when I was growing up in post-war Britain. My parents came to England from Ireland just before the Second World War and settled in Leicester. I was the second of six children in a working class, Irish Catholic family living in austere conditions exacerbated by rationing and general shortages. -
Mechanisms of Mental Causation: an Examination of the Theories of Anomalous Monism and Direct Realism with Regard to Their Propo
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sydney eScholarship Mechanisms of mental causation: An examination of the theories of Anomalous Monism and Direct Realism with regard to their proposals concerning the causal role of human mentality in the natural world. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney. June, 2004. 1 Acknowledgements Throughout the process of writing the present thesis, I have been so fortunate as to spend many happy hours in discussing realist philosophy with my supervisors Joel Michell and Terence McMullen, as well as with Fiona Hibberd. I should like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to each of these good friends, and to acknowledge the positive influence that they have had on my learning experience. I should also like to thank my parents, Faith Charity and Brian Medlow, for their loving support and the encouragement that they have shown me throughout all stages of my education. Most of all I am grateful to James Palethorpe who has been a fellow student and loving companion throughout the whole. Sharon Medlow 2 Abstract One of the most interesting developments in recent psychological theorising has been a growing appreciation of the need for a viable theory of mental causation. Hitherto, the prospects for reconciling what seems to be the uniquely rational character of human thought and action with the non-rational mechanistic workings of the natural world have appeared to be limited or even illusory, and the pursuit of reconciliation of this sort has therefore formerly been dismissed as being either impossible of completion or inappropriate for contemplation.