Neofabraea Brasiliensis Fungal Planet Description Sheets 309

308 Persoonia – Volume 35, 2015

Neofabraea brasiliensis Fungal Planet description sheets 309

Fungal Planet 391 – 4 December 2015 Neofabraea brasiliensis Sanhueza & Bogo, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the location where original isolates were col- ITS and β-tubulin II sequences — Sequence data for tub2 lected. and ITS retrieved from GenBank was reviewed for all avail- Classiﬁcation — Dermateaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes. able strains with more than 88 % homology for ITS and 82 % for tub2. Including the sequences generated in this study, this Conidiogenous cells straight or sinuous, 8–14 × 3–5 µm, more amounted to 343 available strains for the ITS region and 108 or less cylindrical, tapering to narrow apex; usually held on ir- strains for tub2. Strains with sequences available for both regularly branched conidiophores, sometimes arising directly regions were selected for phylogenetic analyses and only from hyphae, sometimes with acropleurogenous conidiogenous the sequences belonging to the Neofabraea genus concept loci. Macroconidia 12–22 × 2.5–3.7 µm, aseptate, oblong- were kept, including those Cryptosporiopsis species that were ellipsoidal, apex rounded to more or less pointed, base slightly recently introduced as new combinations for Neofabraea. The conical. Microconidia mostly 2.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 µm, ellipsoidal to two regions were then concatenated into a single dataset in oblong-ellipsoidal, base slightly conical then truncated; micro- the order of ITS–tub2. Pezicula cinnamomea and Pezicula conidia can be produced in conidial masses with a white, cot- corticola were included as the outgroup. There were 55 strains tony appearance. available to be included in the concatenated alignment including Culture characteristics — Colonies on MA, PDA and V8 are the outgroup; once the identical sequences were removed this 28, 31 and 32 mm diam, respectively, after 15 d at 22 °C. On left 34 unique sequences representing eight Cryptosporiopsis/ PDA the diameters are 12, 15, 12 and 12 mm after 3 wk at 4, Neofabraea species and the two Pezicula species. 5, 30 and 31 °C, respectively. Aerial mycelium more or less lacking, slimy in appearance, surface covered with copious conidial zone. Cultures on PDA and V8 observed from above are intense reddish purple to reddish orange.

Typus. Brazil, Santa Catarina, Fraiburgo/SC, isolated from canker of Malus domestica cv. ‘Fuji’, 2003, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agro- pecuária (EMBRAPA - Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research) (holo- type metabolically inert CNPUV499, culture ex-type CNPUV499, both held in CNPUV (Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil); ITS sequence GenBank KR107002, LSU sequence GenBank 100/1 Neofabraea alba KR107002, tub2 sequence GenBank KR107011, MycoBank MB812129). 8 strains 85/0.99 Additional specimens examined. Brazil, Santa Catarina State, Fraiburgo 100/1 Neofabraea citricarpa Municipality, isolated from Malus domestica cv. ‘Fuji’, 2002, CNPUV503 (ITS 8 strains sequence GenBank KR107003, tub2 sequence GenBank KR107012); Rio -/o Grande do Sul State, Vacaria Municipality, isolated from Malus domestica 95/1 Neofabraea perennans cv. ‘Fuji’, 2002, CNPUV506 no longer viable in collection (ITS sequence 15 strains GenBank KR107001, tub2 sequence GenBank KR107010). -/o 97/ 1 Neofabraea malicorticis 90/ 7 strains Notes — This species was previously treated as Cryptospo 0.98 95/0.99 Neofabraea kienholzii riopsis perennans in Bogo et al. (2008). However, upon investi- 57/o gation of morphological and DNA sequence data collected from 4 strains 93/ this strain it was recognised as phylogenetically distinct from 0.99 Neofabraea actinidae all described Neofabraea /Cryptosporiopsis species (Chen et 6 strains 100/1 99/1 al. 2015). Three isolates from Brazil were identified as N. bra- 100/1 Neofabraea brasiliensis siliensis, and upon analyses of available ITS sequences in Gen- 3 strains Bank two further strains from Ecuador were found to group with Neofabraea krawtzewii this taxon (GenBank accessions JN546212 and HQ007246). 2 strains Besides sequence differences, particularly for tub2, the most Pezicula cinnamomea evident difference between N. brasiliensis and its most closely Pezicula corticola related species, N. actinidae, is the rate of growth which is 0.04 significantly lower in N. brasiliensis. The mycelium growth index (average daily growth over the first 7 d) on PDA at the The phylogenetic tree with N. brasiliensis was constructed with temperatures 4, 5, 30 and 31 °C for N. brasiliensis is 0.50, maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of concatenated ITS–tub2 0.54, 0.88 and 0.65 mm/d and for N. actinidae is 1.67, 1.75, sequences under the GTR+I+G model using PhyML v. 3.0 and 1.57 and 1.38 mm/d. with Bayesian inference (BI) using MrBayes v. 3.2.1. Support values were generated as nonparametric ML bootstraps with 100 bootstrap replicates and as Bayesian probabilities. Boot- strap support values (BV) over 50 percent or posterior probabilities (PB) greater than 0.5 are shown on the tree as BV/PB, Colour illustrations. Apple orchard in Brazil where this new species was isolated, macroconidia, microconidia and conidiogenous cell, 21-d-old colony BVs that were below 50 % in the PhyML tree are noted as (–) on PDA, bull’s eye rot caused by N. brasiliensis on Fuji apple fruits, canker and clades that were absent in the MrBayes tree are noted as caused by N. brasiliensis on Fuji apple branch. Scale bar = 10 µm. (o) (TreeBASE S17434).

Rosa M. V. Sanhueza, Proterra Research Center, Proterra Agriculture Company, 95200-000, Vacaria/RS, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] Amauri Bogo, Crop Production Graduate Program, Santa Catarina State University, 88.520-000, Lages/SC, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] C. André Lévesque, Tharcisse Barasubiye & Tara Rintoul, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] & [email protected]